1
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Adeniyi PA, Adeyelu TT, Shrestha A, Liu CC, Lee CC. Prenatal and postnatal methamphetamine exposure alters prefrontal cortical gene expression and behavior in mice. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1286872. [PMID: 38505323 PMCID: PMC10949922 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1286872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine is a highly abused psychostimulant that substantially impacts public health. Prenatal and postnatal methamphetamine exposure alters gene expression, brain development, and behavior in the offspring, although the underlying mechanisms are not fully defined. To assess these adverse outcomes in the offspring, we employed a mouse model of prenatal and postnatal methamphetamine exposure. Juvenile offspring were behaviorally assessed on the open field, novel object recognition, Y-maze, and forced swim tests. In addition, RNA sequencing was used to explore potential alterations in prefrontal cortical gene expression. We found that methamphetamine-exposed mice exhibited decreased locomotor activity and impaired cognitive performance. In addition, differential expression of genes involved in neurotransmission, synaptic plasticity, and neuroinflammation were found with notable changes in dopaminergic signaling pathways. These data suggest potential neural and molecular mechanisms underlying methamphetamine-exposed behavioral changes. The altered expression of genes involved in dopaminergic signaling and synaptic plasticity highlights potential targets for therapeutic interventions for substance abuse disorders and related psychiatric complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip A. Adeniyi
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States
| | - Tolulope T. Adeyelu
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Amita Shrestha
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Chin-Chi Liu
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Charles C. Lee
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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2
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Wouldes TA, Lester BM. Opioid, methamphetamine, and polysubstance use: perinatal outcomes for the mother and infant. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1305508. [PMID: 38250592 PMCID: PMC10798256 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1305508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The escalation in opioid pain relief (OPR) medications, heroin and fentanyl, has led to an increased use during pregnancy and a public health crisis. Methamphetamine use in women of childbearing age has now eclipsed the use of cocaine and other stimulants globally. Recent reports have shown increases in methamphetamine are selective to opioid use, particularly in rural regions in the US. This report compares the extent of our knowledge of the perinatal outcomes of OPRs, heroin, fentanyl, two long-acting substances used in the treatment of opioid use disorders (buprenorphine and methadone), and methamphetamine. The methodological limitations of the current research are examined, and two important initiatives that will address these limitations are reviewed. Current knowledge of the perinatal effects of short-acting opioids, OPRs, heroin, and fentanyl, is scarce. Most of what we know about the perinatal effects of opioids comes from research on the long-acting opioid agonist drugs used in the treatment of OUDs, methadone and buprenorphine. Both have better perinatal outcomes for the mother and newborn than heroin, but the uptake of these opioid substitution programs is poor (<50%). Current research on perinatal outcomes of methamphetamine is limited to retrospective epidemiological studies, chart reviews, one study from a treatment center in Hawaii, and the US and NZ cross-cultural infant Development, Environment And Lifestyle IDEAL studies. Characteristics of pregnant individuals in both opioid and MA studies were associated with poor maternal health, higher rates of mental illness, trauma, and poverty. Infant outcomes that differed between opioid and MA exposure included variations in neurobehavior at birth which could complicate the diagnosis and treatment of neonatal opioid withdrawal (NOWs). Given the complexity of OUDs in pregnant individuals and the increasing co-use of these opioids with MA, large studies are needed. These studies need to address the many confounders to perinatal outcomes and employ neurodevelopmental markers at birth that can help predict long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes. Two US initiatives that can provide critical research and treatment answers to this public health crisis are the US Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program and the Medication for Opioid Use Disorder During Pregnancy Network (MAT-LINK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Trecia A. Wouldes
- Department of Psychological Medicine, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Barry M. Lester
- Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
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3
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Wise RL, Brown BP, Haas DM, Sparks C, Sadhasivam S, Zhao Y, Radhakrishnan R. Placental volume in pregnant women with opioid use: prenatal MRI assessment. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2023; 36:2157256. [PMID: 36599439 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2022.2157256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Opioid use in pregnant women is a growing public health concern and is shown to be associated with lower infant birth weights. Placental volume changes in prior studies correlated with various maternal and fetal conditions. We aimed to identify differences between placental volumes in pregnant women with opioid use, and control pregnant women without drug use. METHODS We prospectively recruited 27 healthy pregnant women and 17 pregnant women with opioid use disorder who were on medication-assisted treatment (MAT). All women underwent placenta/fetal MRI at 27-39 weeks gestation on a 3 Tesla MR scanner. Placental volumes were measured in a blinded fashion using a previously validated technique. Multiple linear regression was used to identify associations of placental volume with multiple maternal and fetal clinical factors. The significance threshold was set at p < .05. RESULTS Placental volume was significantly associated with gestational age at MRI (p < .0001), fetal sex (p = .027), MAT with smoking (p = .0008), MAT with polysubstance use (p = .01), and maternal BMI (p = .032). Placental volume was not associated with opioid MAT alone in our cohort. CONCLUSION For pregnant women on medication-assisted treatment for opioid use disorder, there was no significant difference in placental volume compared to healthy pregnant women. However, concomitant smoking and polysubstance use in the setting of medication-assisted treatment may be detrimental to placental health. To our knowledge, this is the first study assessing placental volume in opioid use on prenatal MRI. These results support the benefit of medication-assisted treatment during pregnancy; however additional studies are needed to further elucidate the impact of opioid use on placental and fetal development and postnatal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel L Wise
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Brandon P Brown
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,The Fetal Center at Riley Children's Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - David M Haas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Christina Sparks
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Senthilkumar Sadhasivam
- Department of Anesthesia, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Anesthesia, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Rupa Radhakrishnan
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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4
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Belcher AM, Rorabaugh BR. Maternal use of methamphetamine alters cardiovascular function in the adult offspring. Biochem Cell Biol 2023; 101:198-203. [PMID: 36763967 PMCID: PMC10563036 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2022-0349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine is one of the most commonly used illicit drugs during pregnancy. Most studies investigating the impact of maternal use of methamphetamine on children have focused on neurological outcomes. In contrast, cardiovascular outcomes in these children have not been characterized. Recent studies in rodents provide evidence that prenatal exposure to methamphetamine induces changes in cardiac gene expression, changes in the heart's susceptibility to ischemic injury, and changes in vascular function that may increase the risk of developing cardiovascular disorders later in life. Importantly, these changes are sex-dependent. This review summarizes our current understanding of how methamphetamine use during pregnancy impacts the cardiovascular function of adult offspring and highlights gaps in our knowledge of the potential cardiovascular risks associated with prenatal exposure to methamphetamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M. Belcher
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
| | - Boyd R. Rorabaugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Marshall University School of Pharmacy, Huntington, WV, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntingotn, WV, USA
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5
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Barber CM, Terplan M. Principles of care for pregnant and parenting people with substance use disorder: the obstetrician gynecologist perspective. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1045745. [PMID: 37292372 PMCID: PMC10246753 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1045745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Substance use in pregnant and parenting persons is common, yet still underdiagnosed. Substance use disorder (SUD) is one of the most stigmatized and undertreated chronic medical conditions, and this is exacerbated in the perinatal period. Many providers are not sufficiently trained in screening or treatment for substance use, so gaps in care for this population persist. Punitive policies towards substance use in pregnancy have proliferated, lead to decreased prenatal care, do not improve birth outcomes, and disproportionately impact Black, Indigenous, and other families of color. We discuss the importance of understanding the unique barriers of pregnancy-capable persons and drug overdose as one of the leading causes of maternal death in the United States. We highlight the principles of care from the obstetrician-gynecologist perspective including care for the dyad, person-centered language, and current medical terminology. We then review treatment of the most common substances, discuss SUD during the birthing hospitalization, and highlight the high risk of mortality in the postpartum period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecily May Barber
- Grayken Center for Addiction, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Mishka Terplan
- Friends Research Institute, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States
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6
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Mumba MN, Davis LL. Are We Witnessing a New Wave of Substance Use Disorders?: A Spotlight on Stimulant Use Disorders. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2023; 61:13-18. [PMID: 36881807 DOI: 10.3928/02793695-20230215-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Stimulant use disorders are emerging as a serious global threat to health. Although research, clinical, and policy efforts have largely concentrated on opioid use disorders over the past decade, exponential rises in prevalence and overdose deaths attributable to stimulant use disorders warrant renewed attention. To date, no approved medications are available to treat stimulant use disorders; however, behavioral interventions have been effective and should be proactively promoted. Similarly, complementary and integrative therapies and harm reduction services have emerging evidence for effectiveness in treating these conditions. Research, practice, and policy interventions should address stigma for medications for stimulant use disorders when available, vaccine hesitancy if vaccines are approved and safe, environmental surveillance to reduce population exposure to toxic effects of methamphetamines, and educational interventions for health providers to increase competency to reduce the long-term effects on various body systems. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 61(3), 13-18.].
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7
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Janardhan N, Roy PG, Vyas AK. Impact of maternal substance use on offspring's cardiovascular health. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 450:116164. [PMID: 35842136 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Substance use (SU) during pregnancy is on the rise, posing significant risks to the developing fetus. The adverse impact of maternal alcohol and nicotine use during the perinatal period on offspring health has been well established, including their associations with adverse cardiovascular health in offspring. However, limited studies examine the impact of other well-known SU utilized during pregnancy on offspring's cardiovascular health. This review summarizes the proposed mechanism of action of four commonly utilized substances: cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, and opioids, and their cardiovascular impact. Furthermore, we will review the current understanding of the adverse impact of substance use during pregnancy on offspring's cardiovascular system based on existing studies. This review will also highlight possible molecular mechanisms underlying the in-utero adverse programming of offspring's cardiovascular system secondary to SU in pregnancy and address the gaps in current understanding of how SU adversely impacts the developing cardiovascular system of offspring in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitya Janardhan
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States of America
| | - Pritha Ghosh Roy
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States of America
| | - Arpita Kalla Vyas
- College of Medicine, California Northstate University, Elk Grove, CA, United States of America.
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8
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Sankaran D, Lakshminrusimha S, Manja V. Methamphetamine: burden, mechanism and impact on pregnancy, the fetus, and newborn. J Perinatol 2022; 42:293-299. [PMID: 34785765 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-021-01271-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
While the opioid epidemic has garnered worldwide attention, increasing methamphetamine use has drawn less scrutiny. Methamphetamine is a highly addictive psychostimulant affecting people from all backgrounds and regions. It is a potent vasoconstrictor, is associated with arrhythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy. Cardiovascular disease-related mortality is a leading cause of death in methamphetamine users. Women of childbearing age increasingly use methamphetamine and continue during pregnancy. In the short term, prenatal methamphetamine use is associated with fetal growth restriction and low birth weight in the newborn. Animal studies show reduction in uterine and umbilical blood flow following maternal methamphetamine administration. Based on currently available evidence, prenatal methamphetamine exposure has transient effects on gross motor development, no effect on language and cognition, and modest effects on behavior and executive functioning with poor inhibitory control, which may be attributable to early adversity. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Sankaran
- Department of Pediatrics, Adventist Health Rideout Hospital, Marysville, CA, USA. .,Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Satyan Lakshminrusimha
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Veena Manja
- Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mather, USA.,Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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9
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Fan P, Wang Y, Xu M, Han X, Liu Y. The Application of Brain Organoids in Assessing Neural Toxicity. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:799397. [PMID: 35221913 PMCID: PMC8864968 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.799397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The human brain is a complicated and precisely organized organ. Exogenous chemicals, such as pollutants, drugs, and industrial chemicals, may affect the biological processes of the brain or its function and eventually lead to neurological diseases. Animal models may not fully recapitulate the human brain for testing neural toxicity. Brain organoids with self-assembled three-dimensional (3D) structures provide opportunities to generate relevant tests or predictions of human neurotoxicity. In this study, we reviewed recent advances in brain organoid techniques and their application in assessing neural toxicants. We hope this review provides new insights for further progress in brain organoid application in the screening studies of neural toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - YuanHao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Min Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao Han,
| | - Yan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Stem Cell and Neural Regeneration, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Yan Liu,
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10
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What Obstetrician–Gynecologists Should Know About Substance Use Disorders in the Perinatal Period. Obstet Gynecol 2022; 139:317-337. [DOI: 10.1097/aog.0000000000004657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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11
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Mech AM, Merteroglu M, Sealy IM, Teh MT, White RJ, Havelange W, Brennan CH, Busch-Nentwich EM. Behavioral and Gene Regulatory Responses to Developmental Drug Exposures in Zebrafish. Front Psychiatry 2022; 12:795175. [PMID: 35082702 PMCID: PMC8785235 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.795175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Developmental consequences of prenatal drug exposure have been reported in many human cohorts and animal studies. The long-lasting impact on the offspring-including motor and cognitive impairments, cranial and cardiac anomalies and increased prevalence of ADHD-is a socioeconomic burden worldwide. Identifying the molecular changes leading to developmental consequences could help ameliorate the deficits and limit the impact. In this study, we have used zebrafish, a well-established behavioral and genetic model with conserved drug response and reward pathways, to identify changes in behavior and cellular pathways in response to developmental exposure to amphetamine, nicotine or oxycodone. In the presence of the drug, exposed animals showed altered behavior, consistent with effects seen in mammalian systems, including impaired locomotion and altered habituation to acoustic startle. Differences in responses seen following acute and chronic exposure suggest adaptation to the presence of the drug. Transcriptomic analysis of exposed larvae revealed differential expression of numerous genes and alterations in many pathways, including those related to cell death, immunity and circadian rhythm regulation. Differential expression of circadian rhythm genes did not correlate with behavioral changes in the larvae, however, two of the circadian genes, arntl2 and per2, were also differentially expressed at later stages of development, suggesting a long-lasting impact of developmental exposures on circadian gene expression. The immediate-early genes, egr1, egr4, fosab, and junbb, which are associated with synaptic plasticity, were downregulated by all three drugs and in situ hybridization showed that the expression for all four genes was reduced across all neuroanatomical regions, including brain regions implicated in reward processing, addiction and other psychiatric conditions. We anticipate that these early changes in gene expression in response to drug exposure are likely to contribute to the consequences of prenatal exposure and their discovery might pave the way to therapeutic intervention to ameliorate the long-lasting deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M. Mech
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Munise Merteroglu
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M. Sealy
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Muy-Teck Teh
- Centre for Oral Immunobiology and Regenerative Medicine, Institute of Dentistry, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, England, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J. White
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - William Havelange
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Caroline H. Brennan
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabeth M. Busch-Nentwich
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Medicine, Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology and Infectious Disease, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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12
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Ostlund BD, Pérez-Edgar KE, Shisler S, Terrell S, Godleski S, Schuetze P, Eiden RD. Prenatal substance exposure and maternal hostility from pregnancy to toddlerhood: Associations with temperament profiles at 16 months of age. Dev Psychopathol 2021; 33:1566-1583. [PMID: 35095214 PMCID: PMC8794013 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579421001000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated whether infant temperament was predicted by level of and change in maternal hostility, a putative transdiagnostic vulnerability for psychopathology, substance use, and insensitive parenting. A sample of women (N = 247) who were primarily young, low-income, and had varying levels of substance use prenatally (69 nonsmokers, 81 tobacco-only smokers, and 97 tobacco and marijuana smokers) reported their hostility in the third trimester of pregnancy and at 2, 9, and 16 months postpartum, and their toddler's temperament and behavior problems at 16 months. Maternal hostility decreased from late pregnancy to 16 months postpartum. Relative to pregnant women who did not use substances, women who used both marijuana and tobacco prenatally reported higher levels of hostility while pregnant and exhibited less change in hostility over time. Toddlers who were exposed to higher levels of prenatal maternal hostility were more likely to be classified in temperament profiles that resemble either irritability or inhibition, identified via latent profile analysis. These two profiles were each associated with more behavior problems concurrently, though differed in their association with competence. Our results underscore the utility of transdiagnostic vulnerabilities in understanding the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology risk and are discussed in regards to the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan D. Ostlund
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | | | - Shannon Shisler
- Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
| | - Sarah Terrell
- Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
| | - Stephanie Godleski
- Department of Psychology, Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, USA
| | - Pamela Schuetze
- Department of Psychology, State University of New York, Buffalo, USA
| | - Rina D. Eiden
- Department of Psychology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, USA
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13
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Sanjari Moghaddam H, Mobarak Abadi M, Dolatshahi M, Bayani Ershadi S, Abbasi-Feijani F, Rezaei S, Cattarinussi G, Aarabi MH. Effects of Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure on the Developing Human Brain: A Systematic Review of Neuroimaging Studies. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:2729-2748. [PMID: 34297546 PMCID: PMC8763371 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
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Methamphetamine
(MA) can cross the placenta in pregnant women and
cause placental abruption and developmental alterations in offspring.
Previous studies have found prenatal MA exposure effects on the social
and cognitive performance of children. Recent studies reported some
alterations in structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging
(MRI) of prenatal MA-exposed offspring. In this study, we aimed to
investigate the effect of prenatal MA exposure on brain development
using recently published structural, metabolic, and functional MRI
studies. According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic
Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we searched PubMed
and SCOPUS databases for articles that used each brain imaging modality
in prenatal MA-exposed children. Seventeen studies were included in
this study. We investigated brain imaging alterations using 17 articles
with four different modalities, including structural MRI, diffusion
tensor imaging (DTI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), and functional
MRI (fMRI). The participants’ age range was from infancy to
15 years. Our findings demonstrated that prenatal MA exposure is associated
with macrostructural, microstructural, metabolic, and functional deficits
in both cortical and subcortical areas. However, the most affected
regions were the striatum, frontal lobe, thalamus and the limbic system,
and white matter (WM) fibers connecting these regions. The findings
from our study might have valuable implications for targeted treatment
of neurocognitive and behavioral deficits in children with prenatal
MA exposure. Even so, our results should be interpreted cautiously
due to the heterogeneity of the included studies in terms of study
populations and methods of analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mahsa Dolatshahi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Sahar Rezaei
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giulia Cattarinussi
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Mohammad Hadi Aarabi
- Department of Neuroscience and Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy
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14
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The Term Newborn: Prenatal Substance Exposure. Clin Perinatol 2021; 48:631-646. [PMID: 34353584 DOI: 10.1016/j.clp.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Care for pregnant patients with substance use disorder must be provided in a nonjudgmental manner with recognition of addiction as a chronic medical illness in order to establish a therapeutic relationship and improve outcomes. All pregnant patients should be screened for substance use during prenatal care. Screening can be accomplished through several validated screening tools. Patients who screen positive need to be evaluated and referred for treatment as appropriate. This article reviews specific adverse perinatal outcomes associated with the use of a variety of substances and provides guidance on exposure with continued breastfeeding.
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15
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Addiction among women and sexual minority groups. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2021. [PMID: 33008541 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-64123-6.00028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Gender-related alcohol and drug abuse problems are related not only to biologic differences but also to social and environment factors, all of which can influence the clinical presentation, consequences of use, and treatment approaches. The number of women becoming addicted to alcohol or drugs of abuse has significantly increased with women becoming the fastest-growing group of substance abusers in the United States. Given that women experience a more rapid progression of their addiction than men, it is important that we understand and address the differences to help develop prevention and treatment programs that are tailored for women, incorporating trauma assessment and management, comorbidities, financial independence, pregnancy, and child care.
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16
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Harst L, Deckert S, Haarig F, Reichert J, Dinger J, Hellmund P, Schmitt J, Rüdiger M. Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure: Effects on Child Development. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 118:313-319. [PMID: 34140080 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Germany, the 12-month prevalence of methamphetamine use among persons aged 15 to 34 is 1.9%. An increasing number of newborns are being born after a prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME). In 2014, in the German state of Saxony, approximately four out of 1000 newborns were affected. METHODS This systematic review (Prospero registration number CRD42017060536) includes publications that were published between January 1990 and November 2019. The purpose was to determine the effects of PME on the peri- and neonatal condition of the affected children and on their further long-term development. Observational studies with a control group were included in the review and examined for their methodological quality. RESULTS 31 publications, which dealt with two prospective and six retrospective cohort studies, were included in the review. The studies involved a total of 4446 mother-child pairs with PME, compared with 43 778 pairs without PME. A metaanalysis revealed that PME was associated with, among other findings, lower birth weight (SMD = -0.348; 95% confidence interval [-0.777; 0.081]), shorter body length (SMD= -0.198 [-0.348; -0.047]), and smaller head circumference (SMD= -0.479 [-1.047; 0.089]). Some differences between the groups with and without PME persist into the toddler years. Moreover, children with PME much more commonly display psychological and neurocognitive abnormalities, which are more severe in children growing up in problematic surroundings (discord, violence, poverty, low educational level of the parent or caregiver). A limitation of this review is that not all studies employed an objective or quantitative measure of methamphet - amine use. CONCLUSION The documented effects of PME on child development necessitate early treatment of the affected expectant mothers, children, and families. Emphasis should be placed on structured and interdisciplinary preventive measures for methamphetamine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenz Harst
- Center for Evidence-based Healthcare, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Division of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany; Center for Feto-Neonatal Health, University Hospital Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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17
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Hickert A, Rowley B, Doyle M. Perinatal Methamphetamine Use: A Review of the Literature. Psychiatr Ann 2021. [DOI: 10.3928/00485713-20210303-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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18
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Ramaiyan B, Zarei M, Acharya P, Talahalli RR. Dietary n-3 but not n-6 fatty acids modulate anthropometry and fertility indices in high-fat diet fed rats: a two-generation study. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2021; 58:349-355. [PMID: 33505079 PMCID: PMC7813903 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-020-04548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the modulatory potentials of dietary n-3 [α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3 + docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) 22:6n-3), and n-6 fatty acid (LA, 18:2n-6)] on anthropometric parameters and fertility indices in high-fat-fed rats. Weanling female Wistar rats were fed with control diet (7% lard), high-fat diet (35% lard, HFL), high-fat with fish oil (21% fish oil + 14% lard, HFF), high-fat with canola oil (21% canola oil + 14% lard, HFC) and high-fat with sunflower oil (21% sunflower oil + 14% lard, HFS) for 2 months, mated and continued on their diets during pregnancy. At gestation day 18-20, the intra-uterine environment was examined in representative rats, and the rest were allowed for delivering pups. The pups after lactation were subjected to mating and feeding trials as above. Growth parameters (body weight, body length (BL), abdominal circumference (AC), thoracic circumference (TC), and Lee index and fertility parameters (litter size and sex ratio) were studied. Feeding HFL diet increased BL (16%), AC (33%) and TC (21%) compared to control (p < 0.05). Adipose tissue accumulation was 11% higher in the HFL group compared to control and was lowered with n-3 fatty acid incorporation in the diet. HFL group exhibited a lower percentage of fertility, pregnancy, and delivery indices. Litter size was decreased by 20%, and litter weight was increased by 23% in HFL group compared to control with more male pups. Our study indicated that n-3 to a larger extent than n-6 fatty acids modulated high-fat induced changes in the anthropometric parameters and fertility indices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Breetha Ramaiyan
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020 India
| | - Mehrdad Zarei
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020 India
| | - Pooja Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka 570020 India
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19
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Dang J, Tiwari SK, Agrawal K, Hui H, Qin Y, Rana TM. Glial cell diversity and methamphetamine-induced neuroinflammation in human cerebral organoids. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:1194-1207. [PMID: 32051547 PMCID: PMC7423603 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0676-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Methamphetamine (METH) is a potent stimulant that induces a euphoric state but also causes cognitive impairment, neurotoxicity and neurodevelopmental deficits. Yet, the molecular mechanisms by which METH causes neurodevelopmental defects have remained elusive. Here we utilized human cerebral organoids and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to study the effects of prenatal METH exposure on fetal brain development. We analyzed 20,758 cells from eight untreated and six METH-treated cerebral organoids and found that the organoids developed from embryonic stem cells contained a diverse array of glial and neuronal cell types. We further identified transcriptionally distinct populations of astrocytes and oligodendrocytes within cerebral organoids. Treatment of organoids with METH-induced marked changes in transcription in multiple cell types, including astrocytes and neural progenitor cells. METH also elicited novel astrocyte-specific gene expression networks regulating responses to cytokines, and inflammasome. Moreover, upregulation of immediate early genes, complement factors, apoptosis, and immune response genes suggests a neuroinflammatory program induced by METH regulating neural stem cell proliferation, differentiation, and cell death. Finally, we observed marked METH-induced changes in neuroinflammatory and cytokine gene expression at the RNA and protein levels. Our data suggest that human cerebral organoids represent a model system to study drug-induced neuroinflammation at single-cell resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Dang
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Shashi Kant Tiwari
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Kriti Agrawal
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Hui Hui
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Yue Qin
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA ,grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Department of Biology, Bioinformatics Program, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Tariq M. Rana
- grid.266100.30000 0001 2107 4242Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Genomic Medicine, Program in Immunology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive MC 0762, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
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20
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Chu EK, Smith LM, Derauf C, Newman E, Neal CR, Arria AM, Huestis MA, DellaGrotta SA, Roberts MB, Dansereau LM, Lester BM. Behavior Problems During Early Childhood in Children With Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure. Pediatrics 2020; 146:peds.2019-0270. [PMID: 33172920 PMCID: PMC7706113 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2019-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The effects of in utero methamphetamine exposure on behavioral problems in school-aged children are unclear. Our objective for this study was to evaluate behavior problems in children at aged 3, 5, and 7.5 years who were prenatally exposed to methamphetamine. METHODS Subjects were enrolled in the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle study, a longitudinal prospective study of prenatal methamphetamine exposure and child outcomes. Exposed and comparison groups were matched on birth weight, race, education, and health insurance. At ages 3, 5, and 7.5 years, 339 children (171 exposed) were assessed for behavior problems by using the Child Behavior Checklist. Generalized estimating equations were used to determine the effects of prenatal methamphetamine exposure, age, and the interaction of exposure and age on behavior problems. Caregiver psychological symptoms were assessed by using the Brief Symptom Inventory. RESULTS Analyses adjusted for covariates revealed that relative to age 3, children at 5 years had less externalizing and aggressive behavior and more internalizing behavior, somatic complaints, and withdrawn behavior. By age 7.5, aggressive behavior continued to decrease, attention problems increased and withdrawn behavior decreased. There were no main effects for methamphetamine exposure and no interactions of exposure and age. Caregiver psychological symptoms predicted all behavior problems and the quality of the home predicted externalizing problems and externalizing syndrome scores. CONCLUSIONS Behavioral effects longitudinally from ages 3 to 7.5 years were not associated with prenatal methamphetamine exposure, whereas caregiver psychological symptoms and the quality of the home were predictors of behavior problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaine K. Chu
- Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute, Harbor–University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lynne M. Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Lundquist Institute, Harbor–University of California, Los Angeles Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Chris Derauf
- Division of Community and Pediatric Adolescent Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Elana Newman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Charles R. Neal
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Amelia M. Arria
- Department of Family Science and Center on Young Adult Health and Development, School of Public Health, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland
| | - Marilyn A. Huestis
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland; and
| | - Sheri A. DellaGrotta
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Mary B. Roberts
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Lynne M. Dansereau
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Barry M. Lester
- Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, Rhode Island
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21
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Garey JD, Lusskin SI, Scialli AR. Teratogen update: Amphetamines. Birth Defects Res 2020; 112:1171-1182. [PMID: 32755038 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Amphetamines are synthetic noncatecholamine sympathomimetic amines that act as psychostimulants. They have been prescribed for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), narcolepsy, and additional health conditions. Amphetamines are also drugs of abuse. Some experimental animal studies suggested adverse developmental effects of amphetamines, including structural malformations. These effects were most often observed in experimental animals at higher dose levels than those used for treatment or abuse and at dose levels that produce maternal toxicity. Controlled studies of amphetamine use for the treatment of ADHD and other indications did not suggest that amphetamines are likely to cause structural malformations, although there are three studies associating medication for ADHD or methamphetamine abuse with gastroschisis. We did not locate studies on the neurobehavioral effects of prenatal exposures to therapeutic amphetamine use. Amphetamine abuse was associated with offspring neurobehavioral abnormalities, but lack of adequate adjustment for confounding interferes with interpretation of the associations. Adverse effects of methamphetamine abuse during pregnancy may be due to factors associated with drug abuse rather than methamphetamine itself. The adverse effects observed in methamphetamine abuse studies may not be extrapolatable to amphetamine medication use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan D Garey
- Reproductive Toxicology Center, A Non-Profit Foundation, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Shari I Lusskin
- Reproductive Toxicology Center, A Non-Profit Foundation, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Anthony R Scialli
- Reproductive Toxicology Center, A Non-Profit Foundation, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
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22
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE In many states, health care providers are legally required to report pregnant women who use substances, or infants affected by prenatal substance use, to child welfare authorities. The objective of this study was to characterize obstetric and pediatric providers' perceptions of and experiences with policies requiring mandatory reporting of prenatal substance use to child welfare authorities. METHODS We conducted a qualitative interview study among 20 obstetric and pediatric providers to elicit participants' perspectives about and experience with current policy requiring mandatory reporting of prenatal substance use. Two investigators used an iterative content analysis approach to code interview transcripts and identify themes. RESULTS Study participants included obstetrician/gynecologists (N = 7), midwives (N = 5), and pediatricians (N = 8). Providers noted that implementation of the policy was often targeted and that targeted screening can be biased. Most providers reported that they incorporated information about mandatory reporting policies into patient counseling about substance use. They described not knowing what happens to patients after mandatory reporting and concerns regarding unintended consequences. Providers indicated that changes are needed to improve outcomes for patients and their families and suggested increased research into best practices, more funding for social services, and eliminating the policy altogether. CONCLUSIONS Health care providers expressed concern about the targeted screening process used to identify women with substance use whose children are reported to child welfare authorities. Most providers believed that mandatory reporting processes could be modified in ways that would support the health of women and children.
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23
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Tomášková A, Šlamberová R, Černá M. Influence of Prenatal Methamphetamine Abuse on the Brain. EPIGENOMES 2020; 4:14. [PMID: 34968287 PMCID: PMC8594709 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes4030014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA), a psychostimulant, has become a serious problem in recent years. It is one of the most widely abused psychostimulants in the world. In the Czech Republic, ecstasy is the most commonly used non-cannabis drug, followed by hallucinogenic fungi, LSD, MA, cocaine, and finally heroin. The prevalence of the usage of all addictive substances is highest in the age category of 15-34. Approximately 17.2% of registered drug addicts, both male and female, in the Czech Republic use MA as their first-choice drug. This group consists mostly of women who are unemployed and addicted to MA (85%). Almost half of the addicted women switched to MA from other drugs in the course of pregnancy. Psychostimulants such as amphetamine and its synthetic derivate MA induce feelings of calm and happiness by suppressing anxiety and depression. When MA is abused for longer periods, it mimics symptoms of mania and can lead to the development of psychosis. MA is often abused for its anorectic effect, its simple preparation, and compared to heroin and cocaine, its low price. There are significant differences in the susceptibility of users to the stimulant, with reactions to MA fluctuating from person to person. Molecular mechanisms related to the variable response among users might represent an explanation for increased addiction-associated bipolar disorder and psychosis. Currently, there is limited information regarding genetic mechanisms linked to these disorders and the transmission of drug addiction. As such, animal models of drug addiction represent significant sources of information and assets in the research of these issues. The aim of this review is to summarize the mechanism of action of methamphetamine and its effect on pregnant addicted women and their children, including a detailed description of the anatomical structures involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anežka Tomášková
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Romana Šlamberová
- Department of Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Marie Černá
- Department of Medical Genetics, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 100 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
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24
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O'Connor A, Harris E, Seeber C, Hamilton D, Fisher C, Sachmann M. Methamphetamine use in pregnancy, child protection, and removal of infants: Tertiary centre experience from Western Australia. Midwifery 2020; 83:102641. [DOI: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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O'Connor A, Harris E, Hamilton D, Fisher C, Sachmann M. The experiences of pregnant women attending a specialist service and using methamphetamine. Women Birth 2020; 34:170-179. [PMID: 32061546 DOI: 10.1016/j.wombi.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnant women attending the Specialist Drug and Alcohol Service in Perth use methamphetamine as their primary drug of choice. This is the only tertiary service for pregnant and postnatal women with complex Alcohol and Other Drug Use in Western Australia. It is a midwifery-led multidisciplinary team. Many of the women struggle with addiction, polysubstance use, co-occurring mental health, family and domestic violence, complex trauma and fear of Child Protection and infant removal. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand the impact of methamphetamine use of pregnant women attending the service and explore and highlight the potential barriers to engagement and follow-up. METHODS A qualitative study informed by phenomenological methods was undertaken using semi-structured interviews with 20 women with methamphetamine use attending the service in order to explore and understand the experience of using methamphetamine in pregnancy and the postpartum period. A thematic analysis was undertaken with data from the women in the study (n=20) to identify key themes. RESULTS Key themes that emerged from the women's experiences detail their resilience and experience with methamphetamine and the impact that methamphetamine has on their life. A key concern for women regarding methamphetamine use and engagement with specialist services was the welfare of their child(ren). Agencies charged with child protection was a barrier to treatment because women feared disclosure of methamphetamine use would result in loss of child custody. Themes highlighted the multiple layers of adversities, and trauma from childhood to adulthood including, co-occurring drug use, mental health and life histories of trauma (abuse, violence, and neglect; intergenerational trauma; intergenerational drug and alcohol use, and child removal), the omnipresence of methamphetamine, and the impact on pregnancy and mothering. CONCLUSION We conclude that understanding the experiences of women and the impact methamphetamine use has on their life is paramount to providing effective and appropriate care to support pregnant women in a trauma-informed and woman-centred approach. Poor engagement in pregnancy care for women with methamphetamine use has significant impacts on mother and infant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela O'Connor
- King Edward Memorial Hospital, Australian College of Nursing (ACN), (ACM) Australian College of Midwives, Australia. Angela.O'
| | | | - Dale Hamilton
- King Edward Obstetrics and Gynaecology, FRANZCOG, Australia.
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26
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Singh S, Filion KB, Abenhaim HA, Eisenberg MJ. Prevalence and outcomes of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high-income countries: a scoping review. BJOG 2019; 127:8-16. [PMID: 31529594 DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.15946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With expanding recreational cannabis legalisation, pregnant women and their offspring are at risk of potentially harmful consequences. OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of recreational cannabis use among pregnant women, health outcomes associated with prenatal recreational cannabis use, and the potential impact of recreational cannabis legalisation on this population. SEARCH STRATEGY Five databases and the grey literature were systematically searched (2000-2019). SELECTION CRITERIA Human studies published in English or French reporting on the prevalence of prenatal recreational cannabis use in high-income countries. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Data on study characteristics, prenatal substance use, and health outcomes were extracted and qualitatively synthesised. MAIN RESULTS Forty-one publications met our inclusion criteria. The overall prevalence of prenatal cannabis use varied substantially (min-max: 0.24-22.6%), with the greatest use in the first trimester. In the three studies with temporal data available, rates of prenatal cannabis use increased across years. Only 7/41 and 5/41 studies provided information on gestational age of exposure and frequency of use, respectively. The concomitant use of alcohol, illicit drugs, and tobacco was higher among cannabis users than nonusers. Prenatal cannabis use was associated with select neonatal, but not maternal, health outcomes. There were insufficient data to compare prenatal cannabis use between the pre- and post-legalisation periods. CONCLUSION Cannabis use among pregnant women is prevalent and may be associated with adverse neonatal outcomes. Future studies should assess the gestational age and frequency of cannabis exposure, and usage patterns prior to and following legalisation. TWEETABLE ABSTRACT Women who consume cannabis during pregnancy could risk predisposing their newborns to poor birth outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Singh
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - K B Filion
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - H A Abenhaim
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M J Eisenberg
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Division of Cardiology, Jewish General Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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27
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Abstract
Gender-related alcohol and drug abuse problems are related not only to biological differences, but also to social and environmental factors, which can influence the clinical presentation, consequences of use, and treatment approaches. Women are becoming the fastest-growing population of substance abusers in the United States. Given that women experience a more rapid progression of their addiction than men, it is important that we understand and address the differences to help develop prevention and treatment programs that are tailored for women, incorporating trauma assessment and management, identification and intervention for medical and psychiatric comorbidities, financial independence, pregnancy, and child care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nassima Ait-Daoud
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800623, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
| | - Derek Blevins
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800623, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Surbhi Khanna
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800623, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Sana Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, PO Box 800623, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Christopher P Holstege
- Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia, PO Box 800774, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0774, USA
| | - Pooja Amin
- Center for Leading Edge Addiction Research (CLEAR) Department of Psychiatry and Neurobehavioral Sciences, University of Virginia, 560 Ray C Hunt Drive, Charlottesville, VA 22903-2981, USA
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28
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Bailey NA, Diaz-Barbosa M. Effect of Maternal Substance Abuse on the Fetus, Neonate, and Child. Pediatr Rev 2018; 39:550-559. [PMID: 30385584 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2017-0201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole A Bailey
- Division of Neonatology, Kidz Medical Services, Coral Gables, FL.,Division of Neonatology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital/Florida International University School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Magaly Diaz-Barbosa
- Division of Neonatology, Kidz Medical Services, Coral Gables, FL.,Division of Neonatology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital/Florida International University School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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29
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Abstract
Methamphetamine has the second highest prevalence of drug abuse after cannabis, with estimates of 35 million users worldwide. The ( S)-(+)-enantiomer is the illicit drug, active neurostimulant, and eutomer, while the ( R)-(-)-enantiomer is contained in over the counter decongestants. While designated a schedule II drug in 1970, ( S)-(+)-methamphetamine is available by prescription for the treatment of attention-deficit disorder and obesity. The illicit use of ( S)-(+)-methamphetamine results in the sudden "rush" of stimulation to the motivation, movement, pleasure, and reward centers in the brain, caused by rapid release of dopamine. In this review, we will provide an overview of the synthesis, pharmacology, adverse effects, and drug metabolism of this widely abused psychostimulant that distinguish it as a DARK classic in Chemical Neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. Abbruscato
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
| | - Paul C. Trippier
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas 79106, United States
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30
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Holubová A, Ševčíková M, Macúchová E, Hrebíčková I, Pometlová M, Šlamberová R. Effects of perinatal stress and drug abuse on maternal behavior and sensorimotor development of affected progeny. Physiol Res 2018; 66:S481-S491. [PMID: 29355375 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.933800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methamphetamine (MA) is an addictive psychostimulant with significant potential for abuse. Previous rat studies have demonstrated that MA use during pregnancy impairs maternal behavior and induced delayed development of affected pups. The offspring of drug-addictive mothers were often neglected and exposed to neonatal stressors. The present study therefore examines the effect of perinatal stressors combined with exposure to prenatal MA on the development of pups and maternal behavior. Dams were divided into three groups according to drug treatment during pregnancy: controls (C); saline (SA, s.c., 1 ml/kg); MA (s.c., 5 mg/ml/kg). Litters were divided into four groups according to postnatal stressors: controls (N); maternal separation (S); maternal cold-water stress (W); maternal separation plus cold-water stress (SW). The pup-retrieval test showed differences among postnatally stressed mothers and non-stressed controls. The righting reflex on a surface revealed delayed development of pups prenatally exposed to MA/SA and postnatal stress. Negative geotaxis and Rotarod results confirmed that the MA group was the most affected. Overall, our data suggests that a combination of perinatal stress and prenatal MA can have a detrimental effect on maternal behavior as well as on the sensorimotor development of pups. However, MA exposure during pregnancy seems to be the decisive factor for impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Holubová
- Department of Normal, Pathological and Clinical Physiology, Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
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Lin B, Ostlund BD, Conradt E, Lagasse LL, Lester BM. Testing the programming of temperament and psychopathology in two independent samples of children with prenatal substance exposure. Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:1023-1040. [PMID: 30068412 PMCID: PMC6074047 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579418000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Prenatal programming models have rarely been applied to research on children with prenatal substance exposure, despite evidence suggesting that prenatal drug exposure is a form of stress that impacts neurodevelopmental outcomes and risk for psychopathology. Utilizing data from two longitudinal multisite studies comprising children prenatally exposed to substances as well as a nonexposed comparison group (Maternal Lifestyle Study, n = 1,388; Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle study, n = 412), we tested whether early phenotypic indicators of hypothesized programming effects, indexed by growth parameters at birth and infant temperament, served as a link between prenatal substance exposure and internalizing and externalizing behavior at age 5. Latent profile analysis indicated that individual differences in reactivity and regulation for infants prenatally exposed to substances was best characterized by four temperament profiles. These profiles were virtually identical across two independent samples, and demonstrated unique associations with adjustment difficulties nearly 5 years later. Results of path analysis using structural equation modeling also showed that increased prenatal substance exposure was linked to poorer growth parameters at birth, profiles of temperamental reactivity in infancy, and internalizing and externalizing behavior at age 5. This pathway was partially replicated across samples. This study was among the first to link known individual-level correlates of prenatal substance exposure into a specific pathway to childhood problem behavior. Implications for the developmental origins of a child's susceptibility to psychopathology as a result of intrauterine substance exposure are discussed.
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Effect of Methamphetamine Hydrochloride on Pregnancy Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Addict Med 2018; 12:220-226. [DOI: 10.1097/adm.0000000000000391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Homsup P, Phaloprakarn C, Tangjitgamol S, Manusirivithaya S. Maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes among illicit drug-using women in an urban setting. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2018; 57:83-88. [PMID: 29458910 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify characteristics and pregnancy outcomes among pregnant illicit drug users living in an urban area, and to describe trends in drug use over an 8-year period. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data on pregnant women living in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region who delivered at our institution during 2008-2015 were studied. Women with drug use (n = 197) and women without drug use (n = 787) were compared in terms of maternal characteristics and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS The pregnant drug user rate markedly rose from 0.46% in 2008 to 1.28% in 2015. All pregnant drug users consumed amphetamine-type stimulants (ATS). The most important factor related to drug use was smoking (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 41.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 18.90-89.04). Other significant characteristics were teenage pregnancy (aOR 1.78, 95% CI 1.01-3.18), low level of education (aOR 4.97, 95% CI 1.18-20.90 for secondary school and aOR 5.61, 95% CI 1.28-24.49 for primary school or lower), and inadequate number of antenatal visits (aOR 2.20, 95% CI 1.16-4.17 for 1-3 visits and aOR 14.05, 95% CI 7.54-26.16 for no visit). Women of non-Thai ethnicity were less likely to use drugs (aOR 0.15, 95% CI 0.04-0.54). Pregnant drug users had a significantly higher risk of anemia (aOR 1.73, 95% CI 1.05-2.85), preterm delivery (aOR 2.35, 95% CI 1.29-4.29), low birth weight (aOR 2.26, 95% CI 1.23-4.17) and small for gestational age infants (aOR 3.19, 95% CI 1.39-7.33), but lower risk of cesarean section (aOR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21-0.86) than non-drug users. CONCLUSION Compared to urban pregnant women without drug use, women who consumed drugs were younger, had lower level of education, poorer self-care and poorer pregnancy outcomes. ATS was the single most commonly used drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pitchaya Homsup
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chadakarn Phaloprakarn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Siriwan Tangjitgamol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sumonmal Manusirivithaya
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Cognitive outcomes in prenatal methamphetamine exposed children aged six to seven years. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 80:24-33. [PMID: 28950153 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine use among pregnant women has become a significant problem. Research delineating the cognitive outcomes of prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) in early childhood is limited, however. The aim of this study was to examine effects of PME on cognition in six-to-seven-year-old children. METHODS PME children (n=23) and unexposed controls (n=22) completed a battery of neurocognitive tests, which included the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, Boston Naming Test, Beery Developmental Test of Visual-Motor Integration, and Grooved Pegboard Test. RESULTS Independent samples t-tests revealed that PME children scored significantly worse than controls on the measures of IQ, learning and memory, confrontation naming, visual-motor integration, and fine motor coordination. Hierarchical regression analyses that included potential confounding sociodemographic, co-exposure and anthropometric variables confirmed that PME impacts negatively on cognitive performance. CONCLUSIONS The study confirms that PME has deleterious effects on cognition in several broad cognitive domains, likely by altering underlying brain circuitry in development. These effects may be particularly pronounced at the time when children enter formal schooling. Extended follow-ups into late childhood might help elucidate the developmental trajectory of cognitive dysfunction in PME, and subsequent effects on everyday functioning.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether psychostimulants used to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with risk of adverse placental-associated pregnancy outcomes including preeclampsia, placental abruption, growth restriction, and preterm birth. METHODS We designed a population-based cohort study in which we examined a cohort of pregnant women and their liveborn neonates enrolled in Medicaid from 2000 to 2010. Women who received amphetamine-dextroamphetamine or methylphenidate monotherapy in the first half of pregnancy were compared with unexposed women. We considered atomoxetine, a nonstimulant ADHD medication, as a negative control exposure. To assess whether the risk period extended to the latter half of pregnancy, women who continued stimulant monotherapy after 20 weeks of gestation were compared with those who discontinued. Risk ratios and 95% CIs were estimated with propensity score stratification to control for confounders. RESULTS Pregnancies exposed to amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (n=3,331), methylphenidate (n=1,515), and atomoxetine (n=453) monotherapy in early pregnancy were compared with 1,461,493 unexposed pregnancies. Among unexposed women, the risks of the outcomes were 3.7% for preeclampsia, 1.4% for placental abruption, 2.9% for small for gestational age, and 11.2% for preterm birth. The adjusted risk ratio for stimulant use was 1.29 for preeclampsia (95% CI 1.11-1.49), 1.13 for placental abruption (0.88-1.44), 0.91 for small for gestational age (0.77-1.07), and 1.06 for preterm birth (0.97-1.16). Compared with discontinuation (n=3,527), the adjusted risk ratio for continuation of stimulant use in the latter half of pregnancy (n=1,319) was 1.26 for preeclampsia (0.94-1.67), 1.08 for placental abruption (0.67-1.74), 1.37 for small for gestational age (0.97-1.93), and 1.30 for preterm birth (1.10-1.55). Atomoxetine was not associated with the outcomes studied. CONCLUSION Psychostimulant use during pregnancy was associated with a small increased relative risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth. The absolute increases in risks are small and, thus, women with significant ADHD should not be counseled to suspend their ADHD treatment based on these findings.
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Smith LM, Santos LS. Prenatal exposure: The effects of prenatal cocaine and methamphetamine exposure on the developing child. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 108:142-6. [PMID: 27345014 DOI: 10.1002/bdrc.21131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal substance use remains a significant issue in the United States. Initial reports regarding prenatal cocaine and methamphetamine exposure suggested profound adverse effects on child development. However, subsequent prospective, longitudinal investigations have found more subtle effects. What follows is a brief review of the health, growth, behavioral, and intellectual outcomes for children exposed to prenatal cocaine and prenatal methamphetamine. Factors that may mitigate or intensify subtle adverse effects manifested in exposed children will also be discussed. Birth Defects Research (Part C) 108:142-146, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne M Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
| | - Lucinda S Santos
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California
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Rüedi-Bettschen D, Platt DM. Detrimental effects of self-administered methamphetamine during pregnancy on offspring development in the rat. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 177:171-177. [PMID: 28600929 PMCID: PMC5701573 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Methamphetamine (METH) abuse by pregnant women is a commonly observed phenomenon. While the harmful effects of METH are well described for adults, there is only limited knowledge of the effects of METH use during pregnancy on the developing child. In the present study, we investigated how intraveneous (iv) METH self-administration throughout pregnancy affected rat dams and their offspring through weaning, compared to controls. METHODS Female rats (n=16) were trained to self-administer METH iv; every drug infusion by a dam also resulted in a saline injection to a yoked control (n=16). When stable levels of self-administration were reached, all females were mated. Daily, 2-h self-administration sessions continued until litters were born. General health and weight was assessed daily in dams and pups. In addition, pups were evaluated for achievement of age-appropriate developmental milestones (i.e., righting reflex, negative geotaxis, pinna detachment, fur appearance, incisor eruption and eye opening). RESULTS Dams self-administered 2-3mg/kg/day METH throughout gestation without consequence to dam health or weight gain during pregnancy. All females produced viable litters, and litter size and composition did not differ between saline and METH dams. Similarly, maternal pup-directed behavior was not affected by prior METH self-administration. However, despite a lack of weight difference in pups, METH-exposed pups were significantly delayed in reaching all assessed developmental milestones compared to controls. CONCLUSION These results indicate that in utero exposure to moderate METH doses can profoundly and adversely affect offspring development, suggesting that even recreational METH use during pregnancy has potential for harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Rüedi-Bettschen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| | - Donna M. Platt
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA. Tel: +1 601-984-5890,Department of Neurobiology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, USA.
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Abstract
Gender-related alcohol and drug abuse problems are related not only to biological differences, but also to social and environmental factors, which can influence the clinical presentation, consequences of use, and treatment approaches. Women are becoming the fastest-growing population of substance abusers in the United States. Given that women experience a more rapid progression of their addiction than men, it is important that we understand and address the differences to help develop prevention and treatment programs that are tailored for women, incorporating trauma assessment and management, identification and intervention for medical and psychiatric comorbidities, financial independence, pregnancy, and child care.
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Jarlenski M, Hogan C, Bogen DL, Chang JC, Bodnar LM, Van Nostrand E. Characterization of U.S. State Laws Requiring Health Care Provider Reporting of Perinatal Substance Use. Womens Health Issues 2017; 27:264-270. [PMID: 28129942 PMCID: PMC5435508 DOI: 10.1016/j.whi.2016.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND State policies pertaining to health care provider reporting of perinatal substance use have implications for provider screening and referral behavior, patients' care seeking and access to prenatal substance use disorder treatment, and pregnancy and birth outcomes. OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize specific provisions enacted in state statutes pertaining to mandates that health care providers report perinatal substance use, and to determine the proportion of births occurring in states with such laws. METHODS We conducted a systematic content analysis of statutes in all U.S. states that mentioned reporting by health care providers of substance use by pregnant women or infants exposed to substances in utero; inter-rater reliability was high. We calculated the number of states, and proportion of U.S. births occurring in states, with processes for mandatory reporting of perinatal substance use to authorities, and substance use disorder treatment provision for individuals who are reported. RESULTS Twenty states (corresponding with 31% of births) had laws requiring health care providers to report perinatal substance use to child protective authorities, and four states (18% of births) had laws requiring reporting only when a health care provider believed the substance use was associated with child maltreatment. About one-half of states (13) with any reporting law had a provision promoting substance use disorder treatment in the perinatal period. CONCLUSIONS Findings inform the ongoing debate about how health policies may be used to reduce the population burden of perinatal substance use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marian Jarlenski
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Caroline Hogan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Debra L Bogen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Judy C Chang
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lisa M Bodnar
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Elizabeth Van Nostrand
- Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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The influence of methamphetamine on maternal behavior and development of the pups during the neonatal period. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 59:37-46. [PMID: 28330826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Since it enters breast milk, methamphetamine (MA) abuse during lactation can not only affect the quality of maternal behavior but also postnatal development of pups. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of injected MA (5mg/kg) on maternal behavior of rats and the differences in postnatal development, during postnatal days (PD) 1-11, of pups when the pups were directly exposed (i.e., injected) to MA or received MA indirectly via breast milk. Maternal behavior was examined using observation test (PD 1-22) and pup retrieval test (PD 1-12). The following developmental tests were also used: surface righting reflex (PD 1-12), negative geotaxis (PD 9), mid-air righting reflex (PD 17), and the rotarod and beam-balance test (PD 23). The weight of the pups was recorded during the entire testing period and the day of eye opening was also recorded. MA-treated mothers groomed their pups less and returned the pups to the nest slower than control dams. The weight gain of pups indirectly exposed to MA was significantly slower. In addition, pups indirectly exposed to MA were slower on the surface righting reflex (on PD 1 and PD 2) and the negative geotaxis test. In females, indirect exposure to MA led to earlier eye opening compared to controls. At the end of lactation, males who received MA indirectly via breast milk performed worse on the balance beam test compared to males who received MA directly. However, direct exposure to MA improved performance on rotarod relative to controls. Our results suggest that indirect MA exposure, via breast milk, has a greater impact than direct MA exposure.
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Zehetner A, Iatrou P, Lampropoulos B, Phillips N. Review of Teenlink: A health service for children and adolescents of parents with substance use. J Paediatr Child Health 2017; 53:149-154. [PMID: 27662526 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.13352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2016] [Revised: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate Teenlink, a wide-ranging medical and psychological health service addressing the needs of children and adolescents in substance-using families, who are at increased risk of developmental and psychosocial problems. METHODS Retrospective record review of 124 children, from 92 families seen over a 13 year period. RESULTS Polysubstance use and mental illness were common amongst parents. Children often presented with emotional and behavioural problems. Teenlink provided parenting skills, individual and family work, medical care, case management, advocacy, collaboration and education with adult drug and alcohol services. CONCLUSIONS The chronic and complex nature of parental addiction, need for ongoing support and tailored service utilisation, reflected the length of engagement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Zehetner
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Popi Iatrou
- Department of Adolescent Medicine, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Basiliki Lampropoulos
- The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Adolescent Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Chang L, Oishi K, Skranes J, Buchthal S, Cunningham E, Yamakawa R, Hayama S, Jiang CS, Alicata D, Hernandez A, Cloak C, Wright T, Ernst T. Sex-Specific Alterations of White Matter Developmental Trajectories in Infants With Prenatal Exposure to Methamphetamine and Tobacco. JAMA Psychiatry 2016; 73:1217-1227. [PMID: 27829078 PMCID: PMC6467201 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.2794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Methamphetamine is a common illicit drug used worldwide. Methamphetamine and/or tobacco use by pregnant women remains prevalent. However, little is known about the effect of comorbid methamphetamine and tobacco use on human fetal brain development. OBJECTIVE To investigate whether microstructural brain abnormalities reported in children with prenatal methamphetamine and/or tobacco exposure are present at birth before childhood environmental influences. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A prospective, longitudinal study was conducted between September 17, 2008, and February 28, 2015, at an ambulatory academic medical center. A total of 752 infant-mother dyads were screened and 139 of 195 qualified neonates were evaluated (36 methamphetamine/tobacco exposed, 32 tobacco exposed, and 71 unexposed controls). They were recruited consecutively from the community. EXPOSURES Prenatal methamphetamine and/or tobacco exposure. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Quantitative neurologic examination and diffusion tensor imaging performed 1 to 3 times through age 4 months; diffusivities and fractional anisotropy (FA) assessed in 7 white matter tracts and 4 subcortical brain regions using an automated atlas-based method. RESULTS Of the 139 infants evaluated, 72 were female (51.8%); the mean (SE) postmenstrual age at baseline was 41.5 (0.27) weeks. Methamphetamine/tobacco-exposed infants showed delayed developmental trajectories on active muscle tone (group × age, P < .001) and total neurologic scores (group × age, P = .01) that normalized by ages 3 to 4 months. Only methamphetamine/tobacco-exposed boys had lower FA (group × age, P = .02) and higher diffusivities in superior (SCR) and posterior corona radiatae (PCR) (group × age × sex, P = .002; group × age × sex, P = .01) at baseline that normalized by age 3 months. Only methamphetamine/tobacco- and tobacco-exposed girls showed persistently lower FA in anterior corona radiata (ACR) (group, P = .04; group × age × sex, P = .01). Tobacco-exposed infants showed persistently lower axial diffusion in the thalamus and internal capsule across groups (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Prenatal methamphetamine/tobacco exposure may lead to delays in motor development, with less coherent fibers and less myelination in SCR and PCR only in male infants, but these abnormalities may normalize by ages 3 to 4 months after cessation of stimulant exposure. In contrast, persistently less coherent ACR fibers were observed in methamphetamine/tobacco- and tobacco-exposed girls, possibly from increased dendritic branching or spine density due to epigenetic influences. Persistently lower diffusivity in the thalamus and internal capsule of all tobacco-exposed infants suggests aberrant axonal development. Collectively, prenatal methamphetamine and/or tobacco exposure may lead to delayed motor development and white matter maturation in sex- and regional-specific manners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Chang
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Kenichi Oishi
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jon Skranes
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Arendal, Norway, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Steven Buchthal
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Eric Cunningham
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Robyn Yamakawa
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Sara Hayama
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Caroline S. Jiang
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Daniel Alicata
- Department of Psychiatry, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Antonette Hernandez
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Christine Cloak
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Tricia Wright
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women’s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
| | - Thomas Ernst
- Department of Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu
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Abstract
Alcohol consumption with psychostimulants is very common among drug addicts. There is little known about the possible pharmacological interactions between alcohol and psychostimulants. Among most commonly co-abused psychostimulants with alcohol are methamphetamine, cocaine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetaminen, and nicotine. Co-abuse of alcohol with psychostimulants can lead to several neurophysiological dysfunctions such as decrease in brain antioxidant enzymes, disruption of learning and memory processes, cerebral hypo-perfusion, neurotransmitters depletion as well as potentiation of drug seeking behaviour. Moreover, co-abuse of alcohol and psychostimulants can lead to increase in heart rate, blood pressure, myocardial oxygen consumption and cellular stress, and the risk of developing different types of cancer. Co-abuse of alcohol with psychostimulants during pregnancy can lead to fetal brain abnormalities. Further studies are needed to investigate the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and neurochemical changes on co-abuse of alcohol and psychostimulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf S Althobaiti
- University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Youssef Sari
- University of Toledo, College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Toledo, OH, USA
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Spittle AJ, Walsh J, Olsen JE, McInnes E, Eeles AL, Brown NC, Anderson PJ, Doyle LW, Cheong JLY. Neurobehaviour and neurological development in the first month after birth for infants born between 32-42 weeks' gestation. Early Hum Dev 2016; 96:7-14. [PMID: 26964011 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2016.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The objective of this study was to generate reference values for infants born moderate preterm (MPT), late preterm (LPT) and full term (FT) for three newborn neurobehavioural/neurological examinations in the first weeks after birth. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study to examine the expected range of values for MPT (born 32(+0) to 33(+6)), LPT (34(+0) to 36(+6)) and FT (born 37 to 42weeks' gestation) infants' performance on the Hammersmith Neonatal Neurological Examination (HNNE), the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioural Scale (NNNS) and Prechtl's General Movements Assessment (GMA) in the first weeks after birth. Further, to determine the effects of sex, gestational age at birth, and postmenstrual age at assessment on the 3 different assessments within the gestational age groups. SUBJECTS 80 MPT, 129 LPT and 201 FT infants were recruited shortly after birth from a tertiary hospital. RESULTS The means, standard deviations and 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th and 95th centiles are presented for the HNNE and NNNS for each of the three gestational age groups. Overall, FT infants performed better than MPT and LPT infants. The rate of normal GMA within the first few weeks after birth was 25% for MPT, 32% for LPT, and 90% for FT infants. The effects of sex, gestational age at birth, and postmenstrual age at assessment varied between test and gestational age groups. CONCLUSIONS This study provides normative data for the HNNE, NNNS, and GMA administered within the first weeks after birth in a sample of MPT, LPT and healthy FT infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia J Spittle
- Physiotherapy Department, University of Melbourne, 7th Floor Alan Gilbert Building, Grattan Street, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.
| | - Jennifer Walsh
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Pediatric Infant and Perinatal Emergency Retrival, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Joy E Olsen
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Emma McInnes
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Abbey L Eeles
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Nisha C Brown
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Lex W Doyle
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Victorian Infant Brain Studies, Clinical Sciences, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Newborn Research, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, The Royal Women's Hospital, 20 Flemington Rd, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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Eze N, Smith LM, LaGasse LL, Derauf C, Newman E, Arria A, Huestis MA, Della Grotta SA, Dansereau LM, Neal C, Lester BM. School-Aged Outcomes following Prenatal Methamphetamine Exposure: 7.5-Year Follow-Up from the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle Study. J Pediatr 2016; 170:34-8.e1. [PMID: 26781836 PMCID: PMC4769906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between prenatal methamphetamine exposure (PME) and behavior problems at age 7.5 years and the extent to which early adversity mediated this relationship. STUDY DESIGN The multicenter, longitudinal Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle study enrolled 412 mother-infant pairs at 4 sites. Methamphetamine-exposed participants (n = 204) were identified by self-report and/or gas chromatography/mass spectrometry confirmation of amphetamine and metabolites in infant meconium. Matched participants (n = 208) denied methamphetamine use and had a negative meconium screen. At the 7.5-year follow-up, 290 children with complete Child Behavior Checklist data and an early adversity index score were available for analysis (n = 146 exposed). RESULTS PME was significantly associated with an increased early adversity index score (P < .001) and with increased externalizing, rule-breaking behavior, and aggressive behavior (P < .05). Early adversity was also associated with higher externalizing behavior scores. Early adversity significantly mediated the relationship between PME and behavioral problems. After adjusting the mediation model for sex, prenatal tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana exposures, and study site, the association of PME with early adversity remained significant. CONCLUSIONS Though PME is associated with behavioral problems, early adversity may be a strong determinant of behavioral outcome for children exposed to methamphetamine in utero. Early adversity significantly mediated the relationship between PME and behavioral problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nwando Eze
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA
| | - Lynne M Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) and Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA.
| | - Linda L LaGasse
- Pediatrics Division, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Chris Derauf
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Elana Newman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK
| | - Amelia Arria
- Center for Substance Abuse Research, University of Maryland, College Park, MD
| | - Marilyn A Huestis
- Section on Chemistry and Drug Metabolism, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sheri A Della Grotta
- Pediatrics Division, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Lynne M Dansereau
- Pediatrics Division, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI
| | - Charles Neal
- John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI
| | - Barry M Lester
- Pediatrics Division, Brown Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI
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Guidelines for the Management of Pregnant Women With Substance Use Disorders. PSYCHOSOMATICS 2016; 57:115-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psym.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Revised: 11/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Sweileh WM, Al-Jabi SW, Sawalha AF, AbuTaha AS, Zyoud SH. Bibliometric analysis of medicine-related publications on poverty (2005-2015). SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1888. [PMID: 27843745 PMCID: PMC5084147 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3593-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poverty is a global problem. The war against poverty requires not only financial support, but also poverty-related research to pinpoint areas of high need of intervention. In line with international efforts to fight poverty and negative consequences, we carried out this study to give a bibliometric overview of medicine-related literature on poverty. Such a s study is an indicator of the extent of interaction of various international key players on the war against poverty-related health problems. METHODS Scopus was used to achieve the objective of this study. The time span set for this study was 2005-2015. Poverty-related articles under the subject area "Medicine" were used to give bibliometric indicators such as annual growth of publications, international collaboration, highly cited articles, active countries, institutions, journals, and authors. RESULTS The total number of retrieved articles was 1583. The Hirsh-index of retrieved articles was 56. A modest and fluctuating increase was seen over the study period. Visualization map of retrieved articles showed that "HIV", infectious diseases, mental health, India, and Africa were most commonly encountered terms. No significant dominance of any particular author or journal was observed in retrieved articles. The United States of America had the largest share in the number of published articles. The World Health Organization and Centers for Disease Prevention and Control were among top active institutions/organizations. International collaboration was observed in less than one third of publications. Top cited articles focused on three poverty-related health issues, mainly, infectious diseases, malnutrition, and child development/psychology. Most of top articles were published in high impact journals. CONCLUSIONS Data indicated that articles on poverty were published in high influential medical journals indicative of the importance of poverty as a global health problem. However, the number publications and the extent of international collaborations was lower than expected given the huge burden of poverty-related health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waleed M. Sweileh
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Samah W. Al-Jabi
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Ansam F. Sawalha
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Adham S. AbuTaha
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Sa’ed H. Zyoud
- Department of Clinical and Community Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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Fukushiro DF, Olivera A, Liu Y, Wang Z. Neonatal exposure to amphetamine alters social affiliation and central dopamine activity in adult male prairie voles. Neuroscience 2015; 307:109-16. [PMID: 26321240 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) is a socially monogamous rodent species that forms pair bonds after mating. Recent data have shown that amphetamine (AMPH) is rewarding to prairie voles as it induces conditioned place preferences. Further, repeated treatment with AMPH impairs social bonding in adult prairie voles through a central dopamine (DA)-dependent mechanism. The present study examined the effects of neonatal exposure to AMPH on behavior and central DA activity in adult male prairie voles. Our data show that neonatal exposure to AMPH makes voles less social in an affiliation test during adulthood, but does not affect animals' locomotor activity and anxiety-like behavior. Neonatal exposure to AMPH also increases the levels of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and DA transporter (DAT) mRNA expression in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) in the brain, indicating an increase in central DA activity. As DA has been implicated in AMPH effects on behavioral and cognitive functions, altered DA activity in the vole brain may contribute to the observed changes in social behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- D F Fukushiro
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - A Olivera
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA
| | - Z Wang
- Department of Psychology and Program in Neuroscience, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
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Smith LM, Diaz S, LaGasse LL, Wouldes T, Derauf C, Newman E, Arria A, Huestis MA, Haning W, Strauss A, Della Grotta S, Dansereau LM, Neal C, Lester BM. Developmental and behavioral consequences of prenatal methamphetamine exposure: A review of the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) study. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2015. [PMID: 26212684 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
This study reviews the findings from the Infant Development, Environment, and Lifestyle (IDEAL) study, a multisite, longitudinal, prospective study designed to determine maternal outcome and child growth and developmental findings following prenatal methamphetamine exposure from birth up to age 7.5 years. These findings are presented in the context of the home environment and caregiver characteristics to determine how the drug and the environment interact to affect the outcome of these children. No neonatal abstinence syndrome requiring pharmacologic intervention was observed but heavy drug exposure was associated with increased stress responses in the neonatal period. Poorer inhibitory control was also observed in heavy methamphetamine exposed children placing them at high risk for impaired executive function. Independent of methamphetamine exposure, children with more responsive home environments to developmental and emotional needs demonstrated lower risks for internalizing and externalizing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynne M Smith
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Sabrina Diaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles Biomedical Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Linda L LaGasse
- Pediatrics Division, Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Trecia Wouldes
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Chris Derauf
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Elana Newman
- Department of Psychology, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA
| | - Amelia Arria
- Family Science Department, Center on Young Adult Health and Development, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Marilyn A Huestis
- Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William Haning
- Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Arthur Strauss
- Miller Children's Hospital Long Beach (MCHLB), Long Beach, CA, USA
| | - Sheri Della Grotta
- Pediatrics Division, Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lynne M Dansereau
- Pediatrics Division, Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Charles Neal
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Barry M Lester
- Pediatrics Division, Center for the Study of Children at Risk, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Women and Infants Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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