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Fröhlich GC, Gregianini TS, Pinheiro FG, Nascimento R, Cezar TM, Pscheidt VM, Selayaran T, Martins LG, Gomes MFDC, Salvato RS, Pereira EC, Guimarães-Ribeiro V, Scalioni LDP, Siqueira MM, Resende PC, Veiga ABG. Resurgence of human respiratory syncytial virus during COVID-19 pandemic in Southern Brazil. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29551. [PMID: 38506236 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is an important cause of respiratory infection in humans. Severe cases are common in children ≤2 years old, immunocompromised individuals, and the elderly. In 2020, RSV infection reduced in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), southern Brazil; however, in 2021 resurgence of RSV was observed. This study analyzed epidemiological and genetic features of RSV infection cases reported in 2021 in RS. Nasopharyngeal samples collected from individuals with respiratory infection negative for SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A and B viruses were assessed for the presence of RSV by real time RT-qPCR. RSV-A and RSV-B genomic sequencing and phylogenetic reconstructions were performed for genotyping and clade characterization. Among 21,035 respiratory samples analyzed, 2,947 were positive for RSV, 947 of which were hospitalized patients. Positive cases were detected year-round, with the highest number in June-July (winter). Children <1 year comprised 56.28% (n = 533) of the hospitalized patients infected with RSV, whereas 14.46% (n = 137) were individuals >60 years. Of a total of 361 deaths, 14.68% (n = 53) were RSV positive, mostly patients >60 years old (73.58%, n = 39). Chronic kidney disease, cardiopathy, Down syndrome and neurological diseases were associated with RSV infection. RSV-A was identified in 58.5% (n = 117/200) of the patients, and RSV-B in 41.5% (n = 83/200). Of 95 RSV genomes recovered from SARI cases, 66 were RSV-A GA.2.3.5 genotype, while 29 were RSV-B GB.5.0.5a genotype. This study provides epidemiological and molecular data on RSV cases in RS during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlights that investigation of different respiratory viruses is essential for decision-making and disease prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme C Fröhlich
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-LACEN/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana S Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-LACEN/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Felipe G Pinheiro
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Nascimento
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Thiago M Cezar
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Veridiane M Pscheidt
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tainá Selayaran
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CDCT/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia G Martins
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | - Richard S Salvato
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul-CDCT/CEVS/SES-RS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Elisa C Pereira
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Victor Guimarães-Ribeiro
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia de Paula Scalioni
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marilda M Siqueira
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paola C Resende
- Laboratório Vírus Respiratórios, Exantemáticos, Enterovírus e Emergências Virais - LVRE/FIOCRUZ-RJ, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Ana B G Veiga
- Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre-UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Du Y, Li W, Guo Y, Li L, Chen Q, He L, Shang S. Epidemiology and genetic characterization of human metapneumovirus in pediatric patients from Hangzhou China. J Med Virol 2022; 94:5401-5408. [PMID: 35871601 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.28024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV), which is distributed worldwide, is a significant viral respiratory pathogen responsible for causing acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) in children. The aim of the present study was to investigate the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of HMPV in pediatric patients in Hangzhou China following the peak of onset of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A total of 1442 throat swabs were collected from the pediatric patients with a diagnosis of ARTI from November 2020 to March 2021. The following viruses were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis: HMPV, RSV, adenovirus, hPIV1-3, influenza A, and influenza B. A two-step method was used to amplify the F genes of the HMPV-positive samples. Following sequencing, phylogenetic analyses were conducted using the MEGA version 7 software package. Among the 1442 samples, 103 (7.14%) were positive for HMPV. No significant differences were observed in the gender distribution. The highest incidence of HMPV occurred in children older than 6 years and the lowest was noted in children younger than 6 months. Lower respiratory tract infections were diagnosed at a higher rate than upper respiratory tract infections in HMPV-infected children. Only 10 HMPV-infected children (5.41%) were inpatients compared with 93 outpatients (7.39%). Co-infection was observed in 31 HMPV-positive samples including 24 samples of double infection and seven samples of triple infection. A total of 61F gene fragments of HMPV, which were approximately 727 bp in length were successfully sequenced. All the HMPVs belonged to the genotype B and were clustered into subgenotypes B1 (1.6%, 1/61) and B2 (98.4%, 60/61). A total of four specific amino acid substitutions were noted as follows: aa280, aa296, aa392, and aa396. These substitutions were present between sequences derived from the subgenotypes B1 and B2 in the fusion open reading frame from position 244 to 429. In conclusion, the present study provided significant information regarding the epidemiological and genetic characteristics of HMPV in children living in Hangzhou. Following the first peak of the COVID-19 pandemic, HMPV was considered an important viral respiratory pathogen present in children with ARTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Du
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajun Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Jiangxi Provincial Children's Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shiqiang Shang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center For Child Health, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Rodriguez PE, Frutos MC, Adamo MP, Cuffini C, Cámara JA, Paglini MG, Moreno L, Cámara A. Human Metapneumovirus: Epidemiology and genotype diversity in children and adult patients with respiratory infection in Córdoba, Argentina. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0244093. [PMID: 33370354 PMCID: PMC7769284 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Human Metapneumovirus (hMPV) is responsible for acute respiratory infections in humans, with clinical and epidemiological relevance in pediatric, elderly, and immunocompromised populations. These features are largely unknown in Córdoba, Argentina and in adults in general. Hence, our goal was to broadly characterize hMPV infection in patients of all ages hospitalized with acute respiratory infections in Córdoba, Argentina, including epidemiology, clinical features and genetic diversity. Nasopharyngeal secretions were obtained from 795 patients during 2011-2013, 621 patients were 0-25 years old and 174 were 26-85 years old. HMPV was assayed by RT-PCR and other respiratory viruses by indirect immunofluorescence. Local strains were identified by sequence analysis. Human Metapneumovirus was detected in 20.3% (161/795) patients, 13.1% as single infections and 7.2% in co-infections, more frequently with Respiratory Syncytial Virus. HMPV circulated during late winter and spring in all age patients, but mainly in children under 4 years old in 71.4% (115/161) and adults between 26 and 59 years old in 12.4% (20/161). The most prevalent diagnosis was mild acute respiratory infection in 59.6% (96/161) and bronchiolitis in 9.3% (15/161). Local strains were clustered within A2 subtype; they presented 73-100% identities among them, showing a high degree of homology compared to isolations from neighboring countries. We demonstrate that hMPV circulated among all age patients with respiratory infection during 2011-2013 in Córdoba, contributing to the understanding of this virus, its diagnosis and patient handling in local health-care centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela Elizabeth Rodriguez
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
- * E-mail:
| | - María Celia Frutos
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Pilar Adamo
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Cecilia Cuffini
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Jorge Augusto Cámara
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - María Gabriela Paglini
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra, INIMEC- CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Laura Moreno
- Cátedra de Clínica Pediátrica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Hospital de Niños “Santísima Trinidad de Córdoba”, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Alicia Cámara
- Instituto de Virología “Dr. J. M. Vanella”, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba Capital, Córdoba, Argentina
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Veiga ABGD, Martins LG, Riediger I, Mazetto A, Debur MDC, Gregianini TS. More than just a common cold: Endemic coronaviruses OC43, HKU1, NL63, and 229E associated with severe acute respiratory infection and fatality cases among healthy adults. J Med Virol 2020; 93:1002-1007. [DOI: 10.1002/jmv.26362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana B. Gorini da Veiga
- Department of Basic Health Sciences Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Letícia G. Martins
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em Saúde da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (CEVS/SES‐RS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Irina Riediger
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná (LACEN‐PR) São José dos Pinhais Paraná Brazil
| | - Alix Mazetto
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná (LACEN‐PR) São José dos Pinhais Paraná Brazil
| | - Maria do Carmo Debur
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Paraná (LACEN‐PR) São José dos Pinhais Paraná Brazil
| | - Tatiana S. Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública da Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (LACEN‐RS) Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Barrera-Badillo G, Olivares-Flores B, Ruiz-López A, Fierro-Valdez MÁ, Gutiérrez-Vargas RI, López-Martínez I. Human Metapneumovirus: Etiological Agent of Severe Acute Respiratory Infections in Hospitalized and Deceased Patients with a Negative Diagnosis of Influenza. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9020085. [PMID: 32013048 PMCID: PMC7168596 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9020085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is one of the four major viral pathogens associated with acute respiratory tract infections (ARI) and creates a substantial burden of disease, particularly in young children (<5 years) and older individuals (≥65 years). The objective of this study was to determine the epidemiological behavior of HMPV in Mexico. This retrospective study was conducted over a nine-year period and used 7283 influenza-negative respiratory samples from hospitalized and deceased patients who presented Severe Acute Respiratory Infection (SARI). The samples were processed with the help of qualitative multiplex RT-PCR for simultaneous detection of 14 respiratory viruses (xTAG® RVP FAST v2). 40.8% of the samples were positive for respiratory viruses, mainly rhinovirus/enterovirus (47.6%), respiratory syncytial virus (15.9%), HMPV (11.1%) and parainfluenza virus (8.9%). Other respiratory viruses and co-infections accounted for 16.5%. HMPV infects all age groups, but the most affected group was infants between 29 days and 9 years of age (65.6%) and adults who are 40 years and older (25.7%). HMPV circulates every year from November to April, and the highest circulation was observed in late winter. The results of this study aim to raise awareness among clinicians about the high epidemiological impact of HMPV in young children and older individuals in order to reduce the economic burden in terms of health care costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisela Barrera-Badillo
- Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference “Dr. Manuel Martinez Baez” (InDRE), Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall., Alvaro Obregon 1480, Mexico City, Mexico; (B.O.-F.); (A.R.-L.); (M.Á.F.-V.); (I.L.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-3893-9972
| | - Beatriz Olivares-Flores
- Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference “Dr. Manuel Martinez Baez” (InDRE), Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall., Alvaro Obregon 1480, Mexico City, Mexico; (B.O.-F.); (A.R.-L.); (M.Á.F.-V.); (I.L.-M.)
| | - Adriana Ruiz-López
- Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference “Dr. Manuel Martinez Baez” (InDRE), Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall., Alvaro Obregon 1480, Mexico City, Mexico; (B.O.-F.); (A.R.-L.); (M.Á.F.-V.); (I.L.-M.)
| | - Miguel Ángel Fierro-Valdez
- Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference “Dr. Manuel Martinez Baez” (InDRE), Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall., Alvaro Obregon 1480, Mexico City, Mexico; (B.O.-F.); (A.R.-L.); (M.Á.F.-V.); (I.L.-M.)
| | - Rosaura Idania Gutiérrez-Vargas
- General Directorate of Epidemiology; Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 157. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall. Alvaro Obregon, Mexico City 01480, Mexico;
| | - Irma López-Martínez
- Institute of Epidemiological Diagnosis and Reference “Dr. Manuel Martinez Baez” (InDRE), Health Secretary. Francisco de P. Miranda No. 177. Colony Lomas de Plateros. Town Hall., Alvaro Obregon 1480, Mexico City, Mexico; (B.O.-F.); (A.R.-L.); (M.Á.F.-V.); (I.L.-M.)
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Libster R, Esteban I, Bianchi A, Alva Grimaldi L, Dueñas K, Sancillo A, Rodriguez A, Ferrero F, Stein K, Acosta PL, Ferolla FM, Bergel E, Caballero MT, Polack FP. Role for Maternal Asthma in Severe Human Metapneumovirus Lung Disease Susceptibility in Children. J Infect Dis 2020; 223:2072-2079. [PMID: 31965186 PMCID: PMC7107446 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Severity of human metapneumovirus (hMPV) lower respiratory illness (LRTI) is considered similar to that observed for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). However, differences in severity between these pathogens have been noted, suggesting the degree of illness may vary in different populations. Moreover, a potential association between hMPV and asthma also suggests that hMPV may preferentially affect asthmatic subjects. Methods In a population-based surveillance study in children aged <2 years admitted for severe LRTI in Argentina, nasopharyngeal aspirates were tested by RT-PCR for hMPV, RSV, influenza A, and human rhinovirus. Results Of 3947 children, 383 (10%) were infected with hMPV. The hospitalization rate for hMPV LRTI was 2.26 per 1000 children (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.04–2.49). Thirty-nine (10.2%) patients infected with hMPV experienced life-threatening disease (LTD; 0.23 per 1000 children; 95% CI, .16–.31/1000), and 2 died (mortality rate 0.024 per 1000; 95% CI, .003–.086). In hMPV-infected children birth to an asthmatic mother was an increased risk for LTD (odds ratio, 4.72; 95% CI, 1.39–16.01). We observed a specific interaction between maternal asthma and hMPV infection affecting risk for LTD. Conclusions Maternal asthma increases the risk for LTD in children <2 years old hospitalized for severe hMPV LRTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Libster
- Fundación INFANT, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Esteban
- Fundación INFANT, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Hospital de Pediatría Prof. Dr. Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Karina Dueñas
- Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "Evita," Lanus, Argentina
| | - Andrea Sancillo
- Hospital Interzonal General de Agudos "Evita," Lanus, Argentina
| | - Andrea Rodriguez
- Hospital Zonal General de Agudos Descentralizado "Evita Pueblo," Berazategui, Argentina
| | - Fernando Ferrero
- Hospital General de Niños "Pedro de Elizalde," Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Patricio L Acosta
- Fundación INFANT, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | | | - Mauricio T Caballero
- Fundación INFANT, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Góes LGB, Zerbinati RM, Tateno AF, de Souza AV, Ebach F, Corman VM, Moreira-Filho CA, Durigon EL, da Silva Filho LVRF, Drexler JF. Typical epidemiology of respiratory virus infections in a Brazilian slum. J Med Virol 2019; 92:1316-1321. [PMID: 31769524 PMCID: PMC7228228 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Host population size, density, immune status, age structure, and contact rates are critical elements of virus epidemiology. Slum populations stand out from other settings and may present differences in the epidemiology of acute viral infections. We collected nasopharyngeal specimens from 282 children aged ≤5 years with acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) during 2005 to 2006 in one of the largest Brazilian slums. We conducted real‐time reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) for 16 respiratory viruses, nested RT‐PCR‐based typing of rhinoviruses (HRVs), and collected clinical symptoms. Viruses were common causes of respiratory disease; with ≥1 virus being detected in 65.2% of patients. We detected 15 different viruses during 1 year with a predominance of HRV (33.0%) and human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV, 12.1%) infections, and a high rate of viral coinfections (28.3%). We observed seasonality of hRSV, HRV and human coronavirus infections, more severe symptoms in hRSV and influenza virus (FLU) infections and prolonged circulation of seven HRV clusters likely representing distinct serotypes according to genomic sequence distances. Potentially unusual findings included the absence of human metapneumovirus detections and lack of typical FLU seasonal patterns, which may be linked to the population size and density of the slum. Nonetheless, most epidemiological patterns were similar to other studies globally, suggesting surprising similarities of virus‐associated ARI across highly diverse settings and a complex impact of population characteristics on respiratory virus epidemiology. Large epidemiological study of respiratory viruses in children from one of the biggest Brazilian slums using sensitive molecular PCR assays Viruses are common causes of respiratory disease in pediatric patients from a Brazilian slum 15 distinct viruses circulate in the Brazilian slum, with highest prevalence of rhinoviruses and human respiratory syncytial virus The epidemiology of virus‐associated respiratory infections presents surprising similarities worldwide despite drastic differences in socioeconomic status and population characteristics
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Gustavo Bentim Góes
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,Laboratório de Virologia Clínica e Molecular, Departamento de Microbiologia - ICB-II, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabian Ebach
- Institute of Virology, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Victor M Corman
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner site Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Edison Luiz Durigon
- Laboratório de Virologia Clínica e Molecular, Departamento de Microbiologia - ICB-II, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Jan Felix Drexler
- Institute of Virology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), associated partner site Charité, Berlin, Germany.,Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector-Borne Diseases, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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8
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Prevalence, clinical outcomes and rainfall association of acute respiratory infection by human metapneumovirus in children in Bogotá, Colombia. BMC Pediatr 2019; 19:345. [PMID: 31601181 PMCID: PMC6785857 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-019-1734-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in children. Viruses are the main etiological agents, and their behavior tends to be seasonal and vary by geographical location. Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) has recently been described as a cause of severe acute respiratory infection and its prevalence and clinical behavior in children at moderate altitudes is unknown. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on patients seen at a university hospital in Bogotá, Colombia between October 2015 and December 2017 in a city at a moderate altitude above sea level. Children with acute respiratory infections who had had a multiplex RT-PCR assay were selected. The prevalence of HMPV infection, its clinical outcomes and its relationship to rainfall were evaluated. Results Out of a total of 14,760 discharged patients, multiplex RT-PCR was performed on 502 and a virus was detected in 420 children with acute respiratory infection (ARI). The study group had a median age of 21 months (IQR 7–60), with similar proportion of males and females (56.4 and 43.6% respectively) and 5.2% (CI 95 3.3–7.8%) prevalence of HMPV infection. The group with HMPV infection showed a greater frequency of viral coinfection (22.7% vs 14% P = 0.03) compared with ARI caused by other viruses. The rate of bacterial coinfection (P = 0.31), presence of comorbidities (p = 0.75), length of hospital stay (P = 0.42), need for mechanical ventilation (P = 0.75) and mortality (P = 0.22) were similar for HMPV and other viral infections. A moderate correlation was established between HMPV infection and rainfall peaks (Spearman’s Rho 0.44 p = 0.02). Conclusions Human metapneumovirus was the fifth most frequently isolated virus in children with ARI, had similar clinical behavior and severity to other viruses but a higher rate of viral coinfection. Its peaks seem to correlate to rainy seasons.
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Gregianini TS, Seadi CF, Zavarize Neto LD, Martins LG, Muller GC, Straliotto SM, da Veiga ABG. A 28-year study of human parainfluenza in Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. J Med Virol 2019; 91:1423-1431. [PMID: 30866089 PMCID: PMC7166594 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Human parainfluenza virus (hPIV) is an important pathogen in respiratory infections, however the health burden of hPIV is underestimated. This study describes the infections by hPIV1-3 in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, from 1990 to 2017, providing data of the frequency and seasonality of cases and associated clinical symptoms. METHOD OF STUDY Nasopharyngeal samples of patients with respiratory infection were collected, clinical data were analyzed, and immunofluorescence was used to detect hPIV. RESULTS Respiratory viruses were detected in 33.63% of respiratory infections. In a total of 11 606 cases of viral respiratory infection, 781 were positive for hPIV; hPIV prevalence ranged from 2.14% to 27% of viral respiratory infections. hPIV1 circulates mainly during fall; hPIV3 circulation, in turn, starts in fall and peaks during spring; and cases of hPIV2 are reported along the year, with peaks in fall and early spring. The most affected age group was children, with hPIV prevalence of 74.23% in patients for less than 1 year. A higher proportion of girls were infected than boys, however, no difference by sex was observed considering all age groups. The most frequent type was hPIV3, especially in hospitalized patients. Both hPIV1 and 3 were associated with dyspnea, while hPIV2 caused mild symptoms mainly in nonhospitalized patients. Nineteen fatalities occurred, 89.5% of them associated with risk factors (prematurity; chronic diseases; age, <1 or >60 years). CONCLUSION hPIV causes a high number of respiratory infections, leading to hospitalization especially in children; epidemiological and surveillance studies are important for the control and management of respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini
- Laboratório Central de Saúde PúblicaSecretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul—LACEN/SES‐RSPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Claudete Farina Seadi
- Laboratório Central de Saúde PúblicaSecretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul—LACEN/SES‐RSPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Luiz Domingos Zavarize Neto
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia MolecularUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre—UFCSPAPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
- Escola de SaúdeUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos—UNISINOSSão LeopoldoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Letícia Garay Martins
- Centro Estadual de Vigilância em SaúdeSecretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul—CEVS/SES‐RSPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Guilherme Cerutti Muller
- Escola de SaúdeUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos—UNISINOSSão LeopoldoRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Selir Maria Straliotto
- Laboratório Central de Saúde PúblicaSecretaria de Saúde do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul—LACEN/SES‐RSPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Gorini da Veiga
- Departamento de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Laboratório de Biologia MolecularUniversidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre—UFCSPAPorto AlegreRio Grande do SulBrazil
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