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Neina D, Agyarko-Mintah E. The Terra Preta Model soil for sustainable sedentary yam production in West Africa. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15896. [PMID: 37168885 PMCID: PMC10165410 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Current declines in yam yields amidst increasing cultivated areas, land scarcity, and population surges call for more sustainable sedentary yam production systems. This study explored the nature of Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs) as a basis for the formation of a related soil type known as the Terra Preta Model (TPM) soil for future sedentary yam systems. It builds on the influence of human beings in soil management and the formation of Anthrosols. Previous studies on the ADEs and biochar were synthesized to establish the fundamental assumptions required to form the TPM soil. The practical approach to forming the TPM soils is based on the intentional, integrated and prolonged use of biochar, municipal solid wastes, agro-industry wastes and products of ecological sanitation. Tillage options such as mounding, ridging, trenching and sack farming could be used for yam production on the TPM soils. Unlike natural soils, the longevity of ADE fertility is subject to debate depending on crops grown and cropping cycles. Therefore, a crop rotation plan is recommended to maintain the fertility of the TPM soils. The TPM soils, if adopted, are considered worthwhile for the long-term benefit of biodiversity conservation, efficient waste management, enhanced ecosystem services provided by soils and extensive adoption of ecological sanitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Neina
- Department of Soil Science, P.O. Box LG 245, School of Agriculture, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
- Corresponding author.
| | - Eunice Agyarko-Mintah
- Biotechnology & Nuclear Agricultural Research Institute, Ghana Atomic Energy Commission, P. O. Box LG 80, Legon, Accra, Ghana
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Haider FU, Wang X, Zulfiqar U, Farooq M, Hussain S, Mehmood T, Naveed M, Li Y, Liqun C, Saeed Q, Ahmad I, Mustafa A. Biochar application for remediation of organic toxic pollutants in contaminated soils; An update. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 248:114322. [PMID: 36455351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Bioremediation of organic contaminants has become a major environmental concern in the last few years, due to its bio-resistance and potential to accumulate in the environment. The use of diverse technologies, involving chemical and physical principles, and passive uptake utilizing sorption using ecofriendly substrates have drawn a lot of interest. Biochar has got attention mainly due to its simplicity of manufacturing, treatment, and disposal, as it is a less expensive and more efficient material, and has a lot of potential for the remediation of organic contaminants. This review highlighted the adverse impact of persistent organic pollutants on the environment and soil biota. The utilization of biochar to remediate soil and contaminated compounds i.e., pesticides, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, antibiotics, and organic dyes has also been discussed. The soil application of biochar has a significant impact on the biodegradation, leaching, and sorption/desorption of organic contaminants. The sorption/desorption of organic contaminants is influenced by chemical composition and structure, porosity, surface area, pH, and elemental ratios, and surface functional groups of biochar. All the above biochar characteristics depend on the type of feedstock and pyrolysis conditions. However, the concentration and nature of organic pollutants significantly alters the sorption capability of biochar. Therefore, the physicochemical properties of biochar and soils/wastewater, and the nature of organic contaminants, should be evaluated before biochar application to soil and wastewater. Future initiatives, however, are needed to develop biochars with better adsorption capacity, and long-term sustainability for use in the xenobiotic/organic contaminant remediation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasih Ullah Haider
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China; College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
| | - Usman Zulfiqar
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Farooq
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Al-Khoud 123, Oman
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Environment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Tariq Mehmood
- College of Environment, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | - Muhammad Naveed
- Institute of Soil and Environmental Science, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Yuelin Li
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Cai Liqun
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
| | - Qudsia Saeed
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia
| | - Ishtiaq Ahmad
- Department of Horticultural Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Mustafa
- Institute of Chemistry and Technology of Environmental Protection, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czechia; Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czechia; Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czechia
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Montoya D, Fernández JA, Franco JA, del Carmen Martínez Ballesta M. Enriched-biochar application increases broccoli nutritional and phytochemical content without detrimental effect on yield. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:7353-7362. [PMID: 35804482 PMCID: PMC9796967 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soil fertility is a major concern during vegetable production. Conventional versus organic fertilization has been studied in order to conserve soil properties. While some reports point out an increase in food nutritional properties, the loss of crop yield under organic conditions continues to be a problem. Thus, an experiment with broccoli in the field was carried out, comparing crop management under conventional fertilization (CF) and two soil amendment treatments: manure pellet (M) and an enriched-biochar (EB) supplemented by an organic fertilizer (AND) applied alone (M + CF; EB+AND) or in combination (M + EB + AND). Crop yield and the nutritional properties in the flowering heads (mineral content, phenolic compounds and glucosinolates (GSLs)), were determined. RESULTS Enriched-biochar and manure as a standalone amendment resulted in higher crop yield regarding CF, but not when they were applied in combination. The number of flowering heads with no-commercial characteristics was lower after enriched-biochar soil application. Finally, enriched-biochar treatment enhanced NO3 - , PO4 3- and SO4 2- levels in the flowering heads, and some of the ion contents can be associated with mineral changes in the soil after the biochar amendment. Also, the contents of phenolic compounds and indole GSLs were higher after enriched-biochar application compared with the other treatments, GSL increase being due to the higher percentage of sulfur in the plant rather that an adequate N/S ratio. CONCLUSION Application of enriched-biochar amendment in the cultivation of broccoli is appropriate, since there are no losses of yield and an increase in nutritional compounds in the flowering heads. © 2022 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Montoya
- Ingeniería AgronómicaUniversidad Politécnica de CartagenaCartagenaSpain
| | - Juan Antonio Fernández
- Ingeniería AgronómicaUniversidad Politécnica de CartagenaCartagenaSpain
- Recursos fitogenéticosInstituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I + D + iCartagenaSpain
| | | | - María del Carmen Martínez Ballesta
- Ingeniería AgronómicaUniversidad Politécnica de CartagenaCartagenaSpain
- Recursos fitogenéticosInstituto de Biotecnología Vegetal, Edificio I + D + iCartagenaSpain
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Lumactud RA, Gorim LY, Thilakarathna MS. Impacts of humic-based products on the microbial community structure and functions toward sustainable agriculture. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2022.977121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Humic-based products (HPs) are carbon-rich organic amendments in the forms of extracted humic substances from manure, compost, and raw and extracted forms of lignites, coals and peats. HPs are widely used in agriculture and have beneficial effects on plants. While the agronomic benefits of HPs have been widely reported, information on their impact on the soil microbial community composition and functions is lacking, despite claims made by companies of humic substances as biostimulants. In this review, we explored published research on microbial responses with HPs application in an agronomic context. Although research data are sparse, current results suggest indirect impacts of HPs on microbial community composition and activities. HPs application changes the physico-chemical properties of the soil and influence root exudation, which in turn impact the microbial structure and function of the soil and rhizosphere. Application of HPs to the soil as biostimulants seemed to favor plant/soil beneficial bacterial community composition. HPs impacts on microbial activities that influence soil biogeochemical functioning remain unclear; existing data are also inconsistent and contradictory. The structural properties of HPs caused inconsistencies in their reported impacts on soil properties and plants. The sources of HPs and forms (whether extracted or raw), soil type, geographic location, crop species, and management strategies, among others, affect microbial communities affecting HPs efficacy as biostimulants. A more holistic approach to research encompassing multiple influential factors and leveraging the next-generation sequencing technology is needed to unravel the impacts of HPs on the soil microbiome. Addressing these knowledge gaps facilitates sustainable and efficient use of HPs as organic agricultural amendments reducing the use of chemical fertilizers.
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A Review on the Removal of Carbamazepine from Aqueous Solution by Using Activated Carbon and Biochar. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su132111760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbamazepine (CBZ), one of the most used pharmaceuticals worldwide and a Contaminant of Emerging Concern, represents a potential risk for the environment and human health. Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are a significant source of CBZ to the environment, polluting the whole water cycle. In this review, the CBZ presence and fate in the urban water cycle are addressed, with a focus on adsorption as a possible solution for its removal. Specifically, the scientific literature on CBZ removal by activated carbon and its possible substitute Biochar, is comprehensively scanned and summed up, in view of increasing the circularity in water treatments. CBZ adsorption onto activated carbon and biochar is analyzed considering several aspects, such as physicochemical characteristics of the adsorbents, operational conditions of the adsorption processes and adsorption kinetics and isotherms models. WWTPs usually show almost no removal of CBZ (even negative), whereas removal is witnessed in drinking water treatment plants through advanced treatments (even >90%). Among these, adsorption is considered one of the preferable methods, being economical and easier to operate. Adsorption capacity of CBZ is influenced by the characteristics of the adsorbent precursors, pyrolysis temperature and modification or activation processes. Among operational conditions, pH shows low influence on the process, as CBZ has no charge in most pH ranges. Differently, increasing temperature and rotational speed favor the adsorption of CBZ. The presence of other micro-contaminants and organic matter decreases the CBZ adsorption due to competition effects. These results, however, concern mainly laboratory-scale studies, hence, full-scale investigations are recommended to take into account the complexity of the real conditions.
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Rodrigues AF, Latawiec AE, Reid BJ, Solórzano A, Schuler AE, Lacerda C, Fidalgo ECC, Scarano FR, Tubenchlak F, Pena I, Vicente-Vicente JL, Korys KA, Cooper M, Fernandes NF, Prado RB, Maioli V, Dib V, Teixeira WG. Systematic review of soil ecosystem services in tropical regions. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:201584. [PMID: 33959328 PMCID: PMC8074958 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.201584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Soil ecosystem service (SES) approaches evidence the importance of soil for human well-being, contribute to improving dialogue between science and decision-making and encourage the translation of scientific results into public policies. Herein, through systematic review, we assess the state of the art of SES approaches in tropical regions. Through this review, 41 publications were identified; while most of these studies considered SES, a lack of a consistent framework to define SES was apparent. Most studies measured soil natural capital and processes, while only three studies undertook monetary valuation. Although the number of publications increased (from 1 to 41), between 2001 and 2019, the total number of publications for tropical regions is still small. Countries with the largest number of publications were Brazil (n = 8), Colombia (n = 6) and Mexico (n = 4). This observation emphasizes an important knowledge gap pertaining to SES approaches and their link to tropical regions. With global momentum behind SES approaches, there is an opportunity to integrate SES approaches into policy and practice in tropical regions. The use of SES evaluation tools in tropical regions could transform how land use decisions are informed, mitigating soil degradation and protecting the ecosystems that soil underpins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline F. Rodrigues
- Department of Geography and Environment – Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 – Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Agnieszka E. Latawiec
- Department of Geography and Environment – Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 – Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Production Engineering, Logistic and Applied Computer Sciences, Faculty of Production and Power Engineering, University of Agriculture in Kraków, Balicka 116B, 30-149, Kraków, Poland
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Brian J. Reid
- University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Alexandro Solórzano
- Department of Geography and Environment – Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 – Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil
| | - Azeneth E. Schuler
- Embrapa Soils, R. Jardim Botânico, 1024, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22460-000, Brazil
| | - Carine Lacerda
- Department of Geography and Environment – Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 – Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio R. Scarano
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Brazilian Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services – BPBES, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tubenchlak
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ingrid Pena
- Department of Geography and Environment – Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, R. Marquês de São Vicente, 225 – Gávea, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22451-000, Brazil
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Katarzyna A. Korys
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miguel Cooper
- Department of Soil Science, University of São Paulo/ESALQ, Pádua Dias Av. 1, Piracicaba, SP 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Nelson F. Fernandes
- Department of Geography, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rachel B. Prado
- Embrapa Soils, R. Jardim Botânico, 1024, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22460-000, Brazil
| | - Veronica Maioli
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Viviane Dib
- International Institute for Sustainability, R. Dona Castorina 124 22460-320, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Department of Ecology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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7
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Mobilizing the past to shape a better Anthropocene. Nat Ecol Evol 2021; 5:273-284. [PMID: 33462488 DOI: 10.1038/s41559-020-01361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
As our planet emerges into a new epoch in which humans dominate the Earth system, it is imperative that societies initiate a new phase of responsible environmental stewardship. Here we argue that information from the past has a valuable role to play in enhancing the sustainability and resilience of our societies. We highlight the ways that past data can be mobilized for a variety of efforts, from supporting conservation to increasing agricultural sustainability and food security. At a practical level, solutions from the past often do not require fossil fuels, can be locally run and managed, and have been tested over the long term. Past failures reveal non-viable solutions and expose vulnerabilities. To more effectively leverage increasing knowledge about the past, we advocate greater cross-disciplinary collaboration, systematic engagement with stakeholders and policymakers, and approaches that bring together the best of the past with the cutting-edge technologies and solutions of tomorrow.
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Dos Santos JV, Fregolente LG, Mounier S, Hajjoul H, Ferreira OP, Moreira AB, Bisinoti MC. Fulvic acids from Amazonian anthropogenic soils: Insight into the molecular composition and copper binding properties using fluorescence techniques. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111173. [PMID: 32853866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fulvic acids (FA) are one of the components of humic substances and play an important role in the interaction with metallic species and, consequently, the bioavailability, distribution and toxicity of metals. However, only a few studies have investigated these FA properties in specific environment, such as anthropogenic soils. Therefore, knowledge about FA molecular composition as well as the FA-metal interaction is essential to predict their behavior in the soil. For this reason, the aim of this study was to investigate the molecular composition of FA extracted from two sites in an anthropogenic soil (Terra Mulata), from the Amazon region, as well as their interactions with Cu(II) ions as a model. Results from 13C NMR, infrared and elemental analysis showed that these FA are composed mostly by alkyl structures and oxygen-functional groups, e.g., hydroxyl, carbonyl and carboxyl. The interaction with Cu(II) ions was evaluated by fluorescence quenching, in which the FA showed both high quantity of complexing sites per gram of carbon and good affinity to interact with the metal when compared with other soil FA. The results showed that the complexation capacity was highly correlated by the content of functional groups, while the binding affinity was largely influenced by structural factors. In addition, through the lifetime decay given by time-resolved fluorescence, it was concluded that static quenching took place in FA and Cu(II) interaction with the formation of a non-fluorescent ground-state complex. Therefore, this fraction of soil organic matter will fully participate in complexation reactions, thereby influencing the mobility and bioavailability of metal in soils. Hence, the importance of the study, and the role of FA in the environment, can be seen especially in the Amazon, which is one of the most important biomes in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Vitor Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Estudos em Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS/INSU, IRD, MIO UM 110, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, CS 60584, 83041, Toulon, France
| | - Laís Gomes Fregolente
- Laboratório de Estudos em Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Materiais Funcionais Avançados, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Stéphane Mounier
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS/INSU, IRD, MIO UM 110, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, CS 60584, 83041, Toulon, France
| | - Houssam Hajjoul
- Université de Toulon, Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS/INSU, IRD, MIO UM 110, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, CS 60584, 83041, Toulon, France
| | - Odair Pastor Ferreira
- Laboratório de Materiais Funcionais Avançados, Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, 60455-900, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Altair Benedito Moreira
- Laboratório de Estudos em Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
- Laboratório de Estudos em Ciências Ambientais, Departamento de Química e Ciências Ambientais, Instituto de Biociências, Letras e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", 15054-000, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Zhu Y, Cheng S, Wang P, Chen H, Zhang X, Liu L, Li X, Ding Y. A possible environmental-friendly removal of Microcystis aeruginosa by using pyroligneous acid. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111159. [PMID: 32829212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cyanobacteria blooms are crucial environmental issues by threatening both aquatic ecosystem and human health. A biomass by-product with antimicrobial activity, pyroligneous acid (PA) was tested for its suitability for removal of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) in this work. Results show that the removal efficiency could reach up to 90% in the presence of 0.45% of PA and the inhibition to M. aeruginosa growth could extend to at least 40 days. The removal mechanism was studied. Both organic acids and phenols are functional content in M. aeruginosa removal and acetic acid is the most important one. Zeta potential analysis and morphology study show that the damage of cells dominates the flocculation and sedimentation of M. aeruginosa under low PA concentration (<0.7%), and increasing PA (≥0.7%) resulted in a trend of zeta potential to zero, thus removing any "shield" and triggering flocculation. Finally, study on the phenols residual after M. aeruginosa treatment shows that it could be close to 0 in 70 h. Therefore, this work proposes a possible method for world-wide treatment of cyanobacteria bloom and a new way for further utilization of PA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunyun Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Sheng Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China; Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China.
| | - Ping Wang
- School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, PR China
| | - Hanyang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Xueru Zhang
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Lanhua Liu
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Xueliang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China
| | - Yunsheng Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Anhui Province, Hefei, Anhui, 230009, PR China.
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10
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Novotny EH, Turetta APD, Resende MF, Rebello CM. The quality of soil organic matter, accessed by 13C solid state nuclear magnetic resonance, is just as important as its content concerning pesticide sorption. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 266:115298. [PMID: 32798983 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The global increase of food production has been achieved mainly through the intensive use of inputs such as pesticides. Once released to the soil, sorption (which could be represented by Freundlich solid-water distribution coefficients - KF) and degradation are two governing processes that determine the distribution and persistence of pesticides in the environment. In spite of the huge dataset, the only apparent generalisation is the high correlation between KF and soil organic matter (SOM) content. However, in this work no correlation was observed between KF and organic C content (OC) and so the obtained KOC (KF normalised by OC) spread out in a wide range: 1100 to 11,400 mL g-1 for abamectin; and 30-150 mL g-1 for atrazine, both ranges corroborate with data from literature. These high variabilities indicate that other soil components or SOM quality strongly interfere in the pesticide sorption in addition to SOM content. Seeking to estimate the influence of SOM quality in the abamectin and atrazine KOC values, the humic acids, a fraction of the SOM, was analysed by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (13C NMR) and Principal Component (PC) Regression. The first PC of 13C NMR spectra presented negative loadings for aliphatic compounds and positive loadings for aryl C, typical of partially oxidised pyrogenic C. Their scores showed strong correlation with the abamectin KOC values (R2 = 0.91, p < 5 10-8) and weaker with atrazine KOC (R2 = 0.63, p < 0.0001), in addition to a smaller standardised slope: 1.01 for abamectin and 0.76 for atrazine. These results could be explained by the higher hydrophobicity of abamectin, being thus more prone to interact with the polycondensed aryl groups from the pyrogenic C. It is also important to highlight that humic acids are useful proxies for understanding the paramount interaction of SOM with pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Novotny
- EMBRAPA Soils, Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - A P D Turetta
- EMBRAPA Soils, Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Program of Territorial Development and Public Policy, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropedica 23890-000, Brazil
| | - M F Resende
- EMBRAPA Soils, Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - C M Rebello
- EMBRAPA Soils, Rua Jardim Botânico, 1024, 22460-000, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Soares da Silva L, Constantino IC, Bento LR, Tadini AM, Bisinoti MC, Boscolo M, Ferreira OP, Mounier S, Piccolo A, Spaccini R, Cornélio ML, Moreira AB. Humic extracts from hydrochar and Amazonian Anthrosol: Molecular features and metal binding properties using EEM-PARAFAC and 2D FTIR correlation analyses. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 256:127110. [PMID: 32464361 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Organic matter plays many roles in the soil ecosystem. One property of the substance concerns the metal complexation and interaction with organic contaminants. In this sense, the humic substances (HS), a heterogeneous mixture of compounds, naturally derived from degradation of biomass, have been widely studied in environmental sciences. Recent advances showed a new way to produce humic-like substances (HLS) through hydrothermal carbonization of biomass. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the HLS of hydrochars, produced by using a mixture of sugarcane bagasse and vinasse with sulfuric acid added (1 and 4% v/v), and to assess their interactions with metal ions, (Fe(III), Al(III), Cu(II) and Co(II)) using EEM-PARAFAC and a two-dimensional FTIR correlation analysis. The results were compared to the humic substances extracted from the Amazonian Anthrosol, as a model of anthropogenic organic matter. NMR analysis showed that humic-like extracts from hydrochar are mainly hydrophobic, while the soil has a greater contribution of polar moieties. The HLS and HS showed similar complexation capacities for Fe(III), Al(III) and Cu(II) assays. For Co(II) HLS exhibited larger affinities than HS. Two-dimensional correlation analysis FTIR showed that chemical groups may undergo conformational alteration with metal additions to achieve more stable arrangements (higher stability constant). Therefore, these results contribute more knowledge about the mechanism of HS and metal ion interaction, as well as showing that HTC can be an interesting option for HLS production, to be used as humic based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Soares da Silva
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Carreira Constantino
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Raimundo Bento
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; The Interdepartmental Research Centre on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for the Environment, Agroo-food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Amanda Maria Tadini
- Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Instrumentação), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maurício Boscolo
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Odair Pastor Ferreira
- Laboratório de Materiais Funcionais Avançados (LaMFA), Department of Physics, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Stéphane Mounier
- Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, University Toulon, Toulon, France
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- The Interdepartmental Research Centre on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for the Environment, Agroo-food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- The Interdepartmental Research Centre on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) for the Environment, Agroo-food and New Materials (CERMANU), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Marinônio Lopes Cornélio
- Department of Physics, São Paulo State University (UNESP), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Altair Benedito Moreira
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Bento LR, Melo CA, Ferreira OP, Moreira AB, Mounier S, Piccolo A, Spaccini R, Bisinoti MC. Humic extracts of hydrochar and Amazonian Dark Earth: Molecular characteristics and effects on maize seed germination. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 708:135000. [PMID: 31791776 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the presence of anthropogenic organic matter in highly fertile Amazonian Dark Earth (ADE), which is attributed to the transformation of organic matter over thousands of years, we explored hydrothermal carbonization as an alternative for humic-like substances (HLS) production. Hydrothermal carbonization of sugarcane industry byproducts (bagasse and vinasse) in the presence and absence of H3PO4 afforded HLS, which were isolated and compared with humic substances (HS) isolated from ADE in terms of molecular composition and maize seed germination activity. HLS isolated from sugarcane bagasse hydrochar produced in the presence or absence of H3PO4 comprised both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties, differing from other HLS mainly in terms of phenolic content, while HLS isolated from vinasse hydrochar featured hydrophobic structures mainly comprising aliphatic moieties. Compared to that of HLS, the structure of soil-derived HS reflected an increased contribution of fresh organic matter input and, hence, featured a higher content of O-alkyl moieties. HLS derived from lignocellulosic biomass were rich in phenolics and promoted maize seed germination more effectively than HLS comprising alkyl moieties. Thus, HLS isolated from bagasse hydrochar had the highest bioactivity, as the presence of amphiphilic moieties therein seemed to facilitate the release of bioactive molecules from supramolecular structures and stimulate seed germination. Based on the above results, the hydrothermal carbonization of lignocellulosic biomass was concluded to be a viable method of producing amphiphilic HLS for use as plant growth promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Raimundo Bento
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil; Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Camila Almeida Melo
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Odair Pastor Ferreira
- Laboratório de Materiais Funcionais Avançados (LaMFA), Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Ceará, P.O. Box 3151, 60455-900 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Altair Benedito Moreira
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Stéphane Mounier
- Laboratoire MIO, CNRS-IRD-Université de Toulon-AMU - CS 60584, 83041 Toulon, Cedex 9, France
| | - Alessandro Piccolo
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Riccardo Spaccini
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca sulla Risonanza Magnetica Nucleare per l'Ambiente, l'Agroalimentare ed i Nuovi Materiali (CERMANU), Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Márcia Cristina Bisinoti
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Humanities and Exact Sciences (IBILCE), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.
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de Morais CP, Barros AI, Bechlin MA, Silva TV, Júnior DS, Senesi GS, Crespi MS, Ribeiro CA, Gomes Neto JA, Ferreira EC. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy determination of K in biochar-based fertilizers in the presence of easily ionizable element. Talanta 2018; 188:199-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Batista EMCC, Shultz J, Matos TTS, Fornari MR, Ferreira TM, Szpoganicz B, de Freitas RA, Mangrich AS. Effect of surface and porosity of biochar on water holding capacity aiming indirectly at preservation of the Amazon biome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10677. [PMID: 30013110 PMCID: PMC6048162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As part of efforts to reduce pressure on the Amazon and other biomes, one approach considered by Brazilian authorities and scientists is more intensive use of the soils of the interior of the northeast of the country, which are generally sandy, with low contents of organic matter and low water holding capacity and are frequently affected by severe droughts. In this work, biochars produced from waste biomasses were tested for the improvement of these soils. The highest BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) specific surface areas were observed for all biochars. In the pH range studied, the water hyacinth plants (WH) sample showed the most negative zeta potentials, as well as the highest water holding capacity (WHC) values, while the zeta potentials of two quartzarenic neosol soils were consistent with their WHC values. The results suggested that despite the effect of porosity on water retention, the zeta potential could be associated with the presence of negative charges by which hydrated cationic counterions were absorbed and retained. The surface energy and its polar and dispersive components were associated with water retention, with sugar cane bagasse, orange peel, and water hyacinth biochars presenting higher SE values and larger polar components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estela M C C Batista
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Juliana Shultz
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Tassya T S Matos
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Mayara R Fornari
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Thuany M Ferreira
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Chemistry, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Szpoganicz
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Department of Chemistry, Florianópolis, SC, 88040-900, Brazil
| | - Rilton A de Freitas
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil
| | - Antonio S Mangrich
- Federal University of Paraná, Department of Chemistry, Curitiba, PR, 81531-980, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology, Energy and Environment (INCT E&A), Salvador, BA, 40170-115, Brazil.
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Alessi AM, Bird SM, Oates NC, Li Y, Dowle AA, Novotny EH, deAzevedo ER, Bennett JP, Polikarpov I, Young JPW, McQueen-Mason SJ, Bruce NC. Defining functional diversity for lignocellulose degradation in a microbial community using multi-omics studies. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:166. [PMID: 29946357 PMCID: PMC6004670 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1164-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulose is one of the most abundant forms of fixed carbon in the biosphere. Current industrial approaches to the degradation of lignocellulose employ enzyme mixtures, usually from a single fungal species, which are only effective in hydrolyzing polysaccharides following biomass pre-treatments. While the enzymatic mechanisms of lignocellulose degradation have been characterized in detail in individual microbial species, the microbial communities that efficiently breakdown plant materials in nature are species rich and secrete a myriad of enzymes to perform "community-level" metabolism of lignocellulose. Single-species approaches are, therefore, likely to miss important aspects of lignocellulose degradation that will be central to optimizing commercial processes. RESULTS Here, we investigated the microbial degradation of wheat straw in liquid cultures that had been inoculated with wheat straw compost. Samples taken at selected time points were subjected to multi-omics analysis with the aim of identifying new microbial mechanisms for lignocellulose degradation that could be applied in industrial pre-treatment of feedstocks. Phylogenetic composition of the community, based on sequenced bacterial and eukaryotic ribosomal genes, showed a gradual decrease in complexity and diversity over time due to microbial enrichment. Taxonomic affiliation of bacterial species showed dominance of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria and high relative abundance of genera Asticcacaulis, Leadbetterella and Truepera. The eukaryotic members of the community were enriched in peritrich ciliates from genus Telotrochidium that thrived in the liquid cultures compared to fungal species that were present in low abundance. A targeted metasecretome approach combined with metatranscriptomics analysis, identified 1127 proteins and showed the presence of numerous carbohydrate-active enzymes extracted from the biomass-bound fractions and from the culture supernatant. This revealed a wide array of hydrolytic cellulases, hemicellulases and carbohydrate-binding modules involved in lignocellulose degradation. The expression of these activities correlated to the changes in the biomass composition observed by FTIR and ssNMR measurements. CONCLUSIONS A combination of mass spectrometry-based proteomics coupled with metatranscriptomics has enabled the identification of a large number of lignocellulose degrading enzymes that can now be further explored for the development of improved enzyme cocktails for the treatment of plant-based feedstocks. In addition to the expected carbohydrate-active enzymes, our studies reveal a large number of unknown proteins, some of which may play a crucial role in community-based lignocellulose degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Alessi
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Susannah M. Bird
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Nicola C. Oates
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Adam A. Dowle
- Department of Biology, Bioscience Technology Facility, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | | | - Eduardo R. deAzevedo
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | - Joseph P. Bennett
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Igor Polikarpov
- Grupo de Biotecnologia Molecular, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP Brazil
| | | | - Simon J. McQueen-Mason
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
| | - Neil C. Bruce
- Department of Biology, Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, University of York, York, YO10 5DD UK
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Jin J, Sun K, Yang Y, Wang Z, Han L, Wang X, Wu F, Xing B. Comparison between Soil- and Biochar-Derived Humic Acids: Composition, Conformation, and Phenanthrene Sorption. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:1880-1888. [PMID: 29381852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biochar-derived organic matter (BDOM) plays an important role in determining biochar's application potential in soil remediation. However, little is known about the physicochemical properties of BDOM and its sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). Humic acids (HAs) were extracted from oxidized biochars produced from plant straws and animal manures at 450 °C, and their sorption of phenanthrene, a representative of HOCs, was investigated. The organic carbon recovery of biochar-derived HAs (BDHAs) was 13.9-69.3%. The 13C NMR spectra of BDHAs mainly consisted of aromatic and carboxylic C, while those of soil-derived HAs (SDHAs) contained abundant signals in aliphatic region. BDHAs and SDHAs had comparable CO2 cumulative surface areas. BDHAs were found to exhibit higher phenanthrene sorption than SDHAs. After the removal of amorphous aromatic components, the logKoc values of BDHAs were significantly decreased, implying that amorphous aromatic C regulated phenanthrene sorption by BDHAs. In contrast, aliphatic moieties dominated phenanthrene sorption by SDHAs, as evidenced by the enhanced sorption after the removal of amorphous aromatics. This study clearly demonstrated the contrasting characteristics and sorption behaviors of BDHA and SDHA, indicating that biochar addition and subsequent weathering could greatly affect native organic matter properties and the fate of HOCs in biochar-amended soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ke Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Ziying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
| | - Lanfang Han
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, P. R. China
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Xiangke Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power University , Beijing 102206, P. R. China
| | - Fengchang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences , Beijing 100012, P. R. China
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts , Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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17
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Zhu LX, Xiao Q, Shen YF, Li SQ. Effects of biochar and maize straw on the short-term carbon and nitrogen dynamics in a cultivated silty loam in China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:1019-1029. [PMID: 27766524 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7829-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Application of maize straw and biochar can potentially improve soil fertility and sequester carbon (C) in the soil, but little information is available about the effects of maize straw and biochar on the mineralization of soil C and nitrogen (N). We conducted a laboratory incubation experiment with five treatments of a cultivated silty loam, biochar produced from maize straw and/or maize straw: soil only (control), soil + 1 % maize straw (S), soil + 4 % biochar (B1), soil + 4 % biochar + 1 % maize straw (B1S), and soil + 8 % biochar + 1 % maize straw (B2S). CO2 emissions, soil organic C, dissolved organic C, easily oxidized C, total N, mineral N, net N mineralization, and microbial biomass C and N of three replicates were measured periodically during the 60-day incubation using destructive sampling method. C mineralization was highest in treatment S, followed by B2S, B1S, the control, and B1. Total net CO2 emissions suggested that negative or positive priming effect may occur between the biochar and straw according to the biochar addition rate, and biochar mineralization was minimal. By day 35, maize straw, irrespective of the rate of biochar addition, significantly increased microbial biomass C and N but decreased dissolved organic N. Biochar alone, however, had no significant effect on either microbial biomass C or N but decreased dissolved organic N. Mixing the soil with biochar and/or straw significantly increased soil organic C, easily oxidized C and total N contents, and decreased dissolved organic N content. Dissolved organic C contents showed mixed results. Notably, N was immobilized in soil mixed with straw and/or biochar, but the effect was stronger for soil mixed with straw, which may cause N deficiency for plant growth. The application of biochar and maize straw can thus affect soil C and N cycles, and the appropriate proportion of biochar and maize straw need further studies to increase C sequestration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
| | - Shi-Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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18
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Improving Farming Practices for Sustainable Soil Use in the Humid Tropics and Rainforest Ecosystem Health. SUSTAINABILITY 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/su8090841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Archanjo BS, Baptista DL, Sena LA, Cançado LG, Falcão NPS, Jorio A, Achete CA. Nanoscale mapping of carbon oxidation in pyrogenic black carbon from ancient Amazonian anthrosols. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2015; 17:775-779. [PMID: 25699655 DOI: 10.1039/c4em00590b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Understanding soil organic matter is necessary for the development of soil amendments, which are important for sustaining agriculture in humid tropical climates. Ancient Amazonian anthrosols are uniquely high in black recalcitrant carbon, making them extremely fertile. In this study, we use high-resolution electron microscopy and spectroscopy to resolve the oxidation process of carbon in the nanoscale crystallites within the black carbon grains of this special soil. Most alkali and acid chemical extraction methods are known to cause chemical modifications in soil organic matter and to give poor or no information about the real spatial structure of soil aggregates. However, here we show that carbon-oxygen functional groups such as phenol, carbonyl, and carboxyl dominate over different spatial regions, with areas varying from over tens to hundreds of nm(2). The chemical maps show that in the nanoscale grain, the surface has a tendency to be less aromatic than the grain core, where higher oxidative-degradation levels are indicated by the presence of carbonyl and carboxyl groups. A deep understanding of these structures could allow artificial reproduction of these natural events.
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Affiliation(s)
- B S Archanjo
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia, Av. Nossa Senhora das Graças, 50, 25250-020 Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil.
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20
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Archanjo BS, Araujo JR, Silva AM, Capaz RB, Falcão NPS, Jorio A, Achete CA. Chemical analysis and molecular models for calcium-oxygen-carbon interactions in black carbon found in fertile Amazonian anthrosoils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:7445-7452. [PMID: 24892495 DOI: 10.1021/es501046b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbon particles containing mineral matter promote soil fertility, helping it to overcome the rather unfavorable climate conditions of the humid tropics. Intriguing examples are the Amazonian Dark Earths, anthropogenic soils also known as "Terra Preta de Índio'' (TPI), in which chemical recalcitrance and stable carbon with millenary mean residence times have been observed. Recently, the presence of calcium and oxygen within TPI-carbon nanoparticles at the nano- and mesoscale ranges has been demonstrated. In this work, we combine density functional theory calculations, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, and high resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of TPI-carbons to elucidate the chemical arrangements of calcium-oxygen-carbon groups at the molecular level in TPI. The molecular models are based on graphene oxide nanostructures in which calcium cations are strongly adsorbed at the oxide sites. The application of material science techniques to the field of soil science facilitates a new level of understanding, providing insights into the structure and functionality of recalcitrant carbon in soil and its implications for food production and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio S Archanjo
- Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia , Av. Nossa Sra. das Graças, 50, 25250-020 Duque de Caxias, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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21
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Taketani RG, Lima AB, da Conceição Jesus E, Teixeira WG, Tiedje JM, Tsai SM. Bacterial community composition of anthropogenic biochar and Amazonian anthrosols assessed by 16S rRNA gene 454 pyrosequencing. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2013; 104:233-42. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-013-9942-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Mao JD, Johnson RL, Lehmann J, Olk DC, Neves EG, Thompson ML, Schmidt-Rohr K. Abundant and stable char residues in soils: implications for soil fertility and carbon sequestration. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:9571-9576. [PMID: 22834642 DOI: 10.1021/es301107c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale soil application of biochar may enhance soil fertility, increasing crop production for the growing human population, while also sequestering atmospheric carbon. But reaching these beneficial outcomes requires an understanding of the relationships among biochar's structure, stability, and contribution to soil fertility. Using quantitative (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we show that Terra Preta soils (fertile anthropogenic dark earths in Amazonia that were enriched with char >800 years ago) consist predominantly of char residues composed of ~6 fused aromatic rings substituted by COO(-) groups that significantly increase the soils' cation-exchange capacity and thus the retention of plant nutrients. We also show that highly productive, grassland-derived soils in the U.S. (Mollisols) contain char (generated by presettlement fires) that is structurally comparable to char in the Terra Preta soils and much more abundant than previously thought (~40-50% of organic C). Our findings indicate that these oxidized char residues represent a particularly stable, abundant, and fertility-enhancing form of soil organic matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-D Mao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, United States
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23
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Do Anthropogenic Dark Earths Occur in the Interior of Borneo? Some Initial Observations from East Kalimantan. FORESTS 2012. [DOI: 10.3390/f3020207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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CHIA C, MUNROE P, JOSEPH S, LIN Y, LEHMANN J, MULLER D, XIN H, NEVES E. Analytical electron microscopy of black carbon and microaggregated mineral matter in Amazonian dark Earth. J Microsc 2011; 245:129-39. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2818.2011.03553.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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