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de Farias VF, Soares LA, Aranha LN, Luiz RR, de Oliveira GMM, Rosa G. Social vulnerability and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:982. [PMID: 38589841 PMCID: PMC11000392 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social vulnerability can influence in the development of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents (CRF). For this reason, the objective of our study was to evaluate the presence of CRF in adolescents, according to social vulnerability. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study with 517 adolescents of both sexes, from 10 to 19 years of age, classified into 2 groups by social vulnerability, according to socioeconomic characteristics collected by means of questionnaires, where adolescents who did not have access to drinking water, sewage network, and adequate per capita income were classified as vulnerable. Anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure data were evaluated. Level of physical activity was assessed by an adapted questionnaire, and food intake was assessed by a 3-day food record. Independent T, Mann-Whitney, and χ2 tests were used, according to the scale of measurement of the variables, on the statistical program SPSS, version 25, at a significance level of 5%. RESULTS Adolescents had median age of 14 (11 to 15) years; 58.4% were female; 32.4% were overweight, and 52.4% were physically inactive in leisure. Mean consumption of ultra-processed food was observed to account for 45.0% of calorie intake. Adolescents classified as vulnerable had lower weight, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and neck circumference when compared to non-vulnerable adolescents. Both groups had cholesterol concentrations above the normal level. Non-vulnerable adolescents had higher triglyceride concentrations, higher alcohol consumption, and lower fiber intake compared to vulnerable adolescents. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with social vulnerability are less likely to have cardiovascular risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Freire de Farias
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Larissa Almenara Soares
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Nicolau Aranha
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ronir Raggio Luiz
- Institute for Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gláucia Maria Moraes de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, UFRJ, Cidade Universitária, R. Prof. Rodolpho P. Rocco, 255 - 8, Andar Sala 6, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Glorimar Rosa
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Josué de Castro Nutrition Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Braga RAM, Bezerra IN, Nogueira MDDA, Souza ADM, Martins GDS, Almondes KGDS, Moreno LA, Maia CSC. Cardiometabolic risk assessment: A school-based study in Brazilian adolescent. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2024; 34:1069-1079. [PMID: 38220511 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Recently, new indices combining routine and low-cost anthropometric and biochemical measurements have emerged. Among them, the visceral adiposity index (VAI) and lipid accumulation product (LAP) are being investigated for the prediction of altered blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance (IR). Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether visceral adiposity index (VAI) and height-corrected lipid accumulation product (HLAP) are predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS Data were obtained from the Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA) study, a cross-sectional, national, multicenter, school-based survey conducted between 2013 and 2014 in Brazil. The sample consisted of 37,815 adolescents aged 12-17 years of both genders attending the last 3 years of elementary or secondary school from public and private schools located in 273 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants. A Poisson regression was performed to verify associations between VAI and HLAP indices and the presence of altered BP and IR according to sex. In addition, receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was applied to compare the predictive ability and determine the cut-off points of the VAI and HLAP indices in identifying cardiometabolic risk obtained by altered BP and IR. The prevalences of altered BP and IR were 24.49 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 23.14-25.87) and 24.22 % (95 % CI: 22.70-25.80), respectively. CONCLUSIONS The VAI and HLAP indices are good predictors of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian adolescents. HLAP showed better performance in identifying insulin resistance in males.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ilana Nogueira Bezerra
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Amanda de Moura Souza
- Institute of Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luis Alberto Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, School of Health Science (EUCS), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Carla Soraya Costa Maia
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition and Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
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da Silva SU, Gonçalves VSS, Barufaldi LA, de Carvalho KMB. Weight misperception and substance use: Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). BMC Public Health 2022; 22:1850. [PMID: 36192717 PMCID: PMC9531377 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adolescence is a crucial period for body image formation. Weight misperception is the discrepancy between individuals' body weight perception and their actual nutritional status. Both weight concerns and substance use are common among adolescents, and there is evidence of an associations between these two variables. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the association between weight misperception and substance use (smoking and alcohol) in a national sample of normal weight Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data were obtained from the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, multicenter, national, school-based survey, carried out in 124 municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants from Brazil. The sample included adolescents aged 12-17 years, classified as normal weight by nutritional status evaluation. The following measures were collected: weight underestimation and overestimation (exposure); having tried cigarette smoking, current smoking, current alcohol consumption, binge drinking and current smoking and alcohol consumption(outcomes); macro-region, sex, type of school, and excessive screen time (confounders). The frequency of variables was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Poisson regression models were used to estimate prevalence ratios (PR). RESULTS In total, data from 53,447 adolescents were analyzed. Weight misperception was present in a third of the adolescents, with similar prevalence of weight underestimation and overestimation. In adolescents aged 12-14 years, weight underestimation and overestimation were associated with having tried cigarette smoking (PR: 1.18 and 1.43, respectively), current alcohol consumption (PR: 1.33 for both weight misperception categories), and binge drinking (PR: 1.96 and 2.01, respectively). Weight underestimation was associated with both having tried cigarette smoking and current alcohol consumption in boys (PR: 1.14 and 1.16, respectively) and girls (PR: 1.32 and 1.15, respectively). In girls, weight overestimation was associated with all substance use variables (PR between 1.19 and 1.41). CONCLUSIONS Our results showed an association between weight misperception and having tried cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and binge drinking in younger adolescents. In addition, weight overestimation was associated with all substance use indicators in girls. Based on our findings, interventions aimed to improve weight perception in normal weight adolescents may contribute to the reduction of substance use in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simoni Urbano da Silva
- Graduate Program of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
| | | | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Population Research Division, Brazilian National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Arruda PSM, Silva AN, Rinaldi AEM, da Silva LS, Azeredo CM. Individual and Contextual Characteristics Associated With Alcohol Use Among Brazilian Adolescents. Int J Public Health 2022; 67:1604397. [PMID: 35719735 PMCID: PMC9200952 DOI: 10.3389/ijph.2022.1604397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the association between individual and contextual characteristics with alcohol indicators of experimentation, use in the last 30 days and drunkenness in Brazilian adolescents. Methods: Cross-sectional study based on data from 100,914 student attending 9th grade from the 2015 National School Health Survey. Multilevel logistic regression models were performed for the outcomes: alcohol experimentation; use in the last 30 days and drunkenness; and exposures, adjusted for adolescents’ sociodemographic characteristics. Results: Girls were more likely to experiment alcohol (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.05–1.12), use it in the last 30 days (OR = 1.09; 95% CI = 1.00–1.13) and less prone to drunkenness (OR = 0.90; 95% CI = 0.87–0.93). A higher proportion of public-school students reported drinking. There was a positive association of substance use by parents, peers and the adolescents themselves with the outcomes. Having a policy of banning alcohol consumption at school was associated with a greater chance of alcohol experimentation in public schools. Conclusion: Exposure to legal and illegal substances by friends, family members and a prohibitive school environment favored the outcomes.
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Reference values for the Tri-ponderal mass index and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in Brazilian adolescents aged 12 to 17 years. Nutrition 2022; 99-100:111656. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Baptista CJ, Oliveira de Arruda G, Rayzel Barroso W, Soares de Souza V. Factors Associated With Increased Alcohol Consumption During Physical and Social Distancing Measures During the COVID-19 Pandemic in a University in Brazil. Subst Abuse 2022; 16:11782218211061140. [PMID: 35754981 PMCID: PMC9218898 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211061140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To report alcohol consumption during the first month of social home-isolation and physical distancing measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in an public University in Mid-West Brazil. Methods: We designed an online observational study. Initial data of 2166 participants was obtained between April and May, 2020, less than a month after University’s measures of social distancing with remote work and classes. We used Poisson regression model with robust variance to identify the significant factors associated with self-reported increase in alcohol consumption during social and physical distancing measures. Results: Increased alcohol consumption during social and physical distancing was reported by 22.9% of 1371 alcohol drinkers. Factors associated with reporting increased alcoholic consumption during University’s physical and social distancing measures were: not professing any religion (1.52, 95% CI 1.25-1.83), having signs/symptom suggesting SARS-COV-2 infection (1.56, 95% CI 1.26-1.93), missing social interaction with peers carried out without any mediating technology (1.57, 95% CI 1.13-2.20), experiencing financial distress/hardship (1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.54), perceiving duration of social isolation as long (1.62, 95% CI 1.10-2.41), reporting worsening of emotional/mental wellbeing (1.76, 95% CI 1.34-2.33), and previous psychological disorders (1.25, 95% CI 1.03-1.52). Conclusions: This study highlights several individual, psychological, and social determinants of increase in consumption of alcoholic beverages during physical and social distancing measures due to the pandemic and the results may reflect the presence of emotional changes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. It urges that sanitary authorities adopt measures to avoid excessive alcohol consumption during social distancing measures.
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de Oliveira Krambeck Franco M, Dias Castro GA, Vilanculo C, Fernandes SA, Suarez WT. A color reaction for the determination of Cu 2+ in distilled beverages employing digital imaging. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1177:338844. [PMID: 34482892 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we describe for the first time the synthesis of a thiocarbazone for the selective determination of Cu2+ in distilled beverages. The method was based on the complexation reaction of Cu2+ with the thiocarbazone, and the colored product was analyzed using a smartphone application. The thiocarbazone reacts with Cu2+ to form a 1:1 (metal:ligand) complex. The Cu2+ complex was characterized by UV, IR and NMR spectral analyses. The proposed reaction yields a yellow color, and therefore, channel B of the RGB system was used in the analysis. After optimizing the reaction conditions, an analytical curve was obtained to determine Cu2+ concentrations ranging between 0.25 and 6.75 mg L-1; the use of 400 μL sample volumes led to a relative standard deviation (n = 5) of 3.2% and a detection limit of 0.18 mg L-1. Recovery experiments were performed with sugar cane spirits, whiskies and tequilas to evaluate the accuracy of the method, and the recovery obtained ranged from 80.5 to 112.2%.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel Abranches Dias Castro
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB), Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Castelo Vilanculo
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Sergio Antonio Fernandes
- Grupo de Química Supramolecular e Biomimética (GQSB), Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Willian Toito Suarez
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil.
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Skipping breakfast is associated with the presence of cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescents: Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents - ERICA. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:276-284. [PMID: 33040745 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520003992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Breakfast is considered as the most important meal of the day. The habit of skipping this meal in adolescence tends to remain until adulthood and has been associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. The present study estimated the prevalence of skipping breakfast and its association with cardiometabolic risk factors. This is a cross-sectional study with data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), with a nationally representative sample of 36 956 Brazilian adolescents, aged 12-17 years, enrolled in public and private schools. The outcomes were excess body weight (BMI), central obesity (waist circumference and waist:height ratio), lipid profile (total cholesterol (TC), LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and TAG) and glycidic profile (fasting glycaemia, fasting insulin and glycated Hb). The association between skipping breakfast and each outcome was estimated using multiple Poisson regression models (prevalence ratio (PR) and 95 % CI). Prevalence of skipping breakfast was 68·7 % and, after adjustments, it was associated with excess body weight (PR = 1·30; 95 % CI 1·18, 1·43), central obesity both by waist circumference (PR = 1·27; 95 % CI 1·00, 1·61) and by waist:height ratio (PR = 1·32; 95 % CI 1·13, 1·54) and high fasting glucose levels (PR = 1·54; 95 % CI 1·09, 2·18), fasting insulin (PR = 1·64; 95 % CI 1·21, 2·22), glycated Hb (PR = 1·16; 95 % CI 1·03, 1·31) and total cholesterol (PR = 1·14; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·27). Skipping breakfast was associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence. In this context, the school environment is an ideal space to promote healthy eating habits, favouring the implementation of food and nutrition education activities to make adolescents aware of the importance of consuming breakfast daily.
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Rodrigues da Silva TP, Matozinhos FP, Gratão LHA, Rocha LL, Vilela LA, de Oliveira TRPR, de Freitas Cunha C, Mendes LL. Coexistence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among Brazilian adolescents: Individual characteristics and school environment. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254838. [PMID: 34280240 PMCID: PMC8289066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) share common and modifiable risk factors; among them, unhealthy eating, physical inactivity, alcohol intake and smoking habit. However, these factors are not observed in separate and, most often, they influence each other. Risk factors established during adolescence are highly likely to remain in adult life. The aims of the current study were to evaluate the prevalence and coexistence of risk factors for CVD, as well as to investigate individual characteristic of the adolescent and environmental factors associated with risk factors' coexistence profiles. This was a cross-sectional, national, school-based epidemiological study that estimated the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years who attended public and private schools located in Brazilian counties with a population of more than 100 thousand. For this study, thematic blocks referring to alcohol consumption, eating habits, smoking, and physical activity were used. The grade of membership method was used to identify the coexistence of risk and protective factors for CVD among adolescents. The study analytical sample comprised 71,552 adolescents. Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess the association between factors influencing the coexistence profile of risk factors for CVD. Based on adolescent-level variables, has shown that meeting positive criterion for Common Mental Disorders and not consuming the meals provided by the school have significantly increased the likelihood of belonging to the CVD-risk profile. On the other hand, school-level variables, show that studying in private schools and living in economically favored Brazilian regions have increased adolescents' likelihood of belonging to the CVD-risk profile. These results can be used to substantiate the inclusion of food environment variables in public policies focused on preventing CVD development among Brazilian adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernanda Penido Matozinhos
- Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Luana Lara Rocha
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luisa Arantes Vilela
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | | | - Larissa Loures Mendes
- Nutrition Department, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Fonseca LB, Pereira LP, Rodrigues PRM, Muraro AP, Andrade ACDS, Pereira RA, Ferreira MG. Incidence of depressive symptoms and its association with sociodemographic factors and lifestyle-related behaviors among Brazilian university students. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2021; 27:1311-1325. [PMID: 33459044 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2021.1874432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Entering university brings on changes in lifestyle and psychological stress and has been associated with increased risk of 1988 in college students. This study aimed to investigate the incidence of depressive symptoms and associated sociodemographic and lifestyle factors among university students. A dynamic cohort of freshmen was followed up for three years, starting at their entry to university (baseline) and then annually. A structured auto administered questionnaire was applied to obtain information on age, sex, economic class, living situation, smoking and drinking, sedentary and sleep behaviors, and change in physical activity after university admission. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionaire-9. Incidence and incidence rate of depressive symptoms were calculated. Poisson Regression with robust variance was used to identify risk factors associated to these disorders. A total of 1,034 students without depressive symptoms at baseline were investigated. The overall incidence of depressive symptoms was 28.3% and the incidence rate (IR) was 2.12, being greater for females (2.75) than males (1.65). The IR decreased over time for both males (from 2.61 to 0.41) and females (from 4.25 to 0.54). A greater risk of depressive symptoms was observed for younger male students compared to those ≥20 years old (IRRadj = 1.64) and for women who reported concomitant use of alcohol and tobacco compared to those that reported no smoking and no alcohol consumption. For both males (IRRadj = 2.80) and females (IRRadj = 1.91), severe stress level was associated with greater risk of depressive symptoms when compared to mild stress level. Depressive Symptoms occurred more significantly in females, in the early years of undergraduate course, in males <20 years old, and among those with high stress level. Understanding the possible causes of depression is essential to promote mental health and well-being among college student.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Barbosa Fonseca
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.,College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Muraro
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
| | | | - Rosângela Alves Pereira
- Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Márcia Gonçalves Ferreira
- Institute of Public Health, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil.,College of Nutrition, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, Brazil
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Piola TS, PacÍfico AB, Campos JG, Ribeiro AG, Bacil ED, Silva MP, Campos W. Cell phone use is associated with alcohol and tobacco consumption in insufficiently active adolescents. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2020; 61:444-451. [PMID: 33092329 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.20.11356-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of alcohol and tobacco experimentation by adolescents and to verify the association between cell phone use with alcohol and tobacco consumption in adolescents with different physical activity levels. METHODS This work is a cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 772 adolescents (52.6% girls; age: 16.63±0.70 years old). Self-reported questionnaires were assessed to verify the cell phone use, physical activity level, alcohol and tobacco consumption. Logistic regressions tested the associations obtaining odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Alcohol and tobacco consumption prevalence reached 43.4% and 7.8% of adolescents, respectively. Insufficiently active adolescents who reported using cell phones more than and 2 hours a day were more likely to use alcohol (OR: 1.58; 95% CI: 1.14 - 2.19) and tobacco (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.23 - 4.96). CONCLUSIONS We found a high prevalence of cell phone use and a worrying prevalence of alcohol and tobacco consumption by adolescents. The use of the cell phone for more than two hours a day seemed to be a risk factor for alcohol and tobacco consumption in insufficiently active adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago S Piola
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil -
| | - Ana B PacÍfico
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Jhonatan G Campos
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Anelize G Ribeiro
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Eliane D Bacil
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Michael P Silva
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande, Rio Grande, Brazil
| | - Wagner Campos
- Research Center on Physical Activity and Health, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil
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Pinto TJP, Mendonça EP, Bloch KV, Cunha GM, Coutinho ESF. Aggregation of behavioral risk factors to noncommunicable chronic diseases: A national school-based study with Brazilian adolescents. Prev Med 2020; 137:106128. [PMID: 32389675 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
There is an increasing interest in the study of the aggregation of risk factors for noncommunicable chronic diseases. However, there are no studies among adolescents stratified by alcohol use. This study investigated the aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents considering the use or not of alcohol. A total of 73,624 Brazilian adolescents aged 12-17 years from public and private schools were evaluated in a national cross-sectional study (March-2013 to December-2014). The aggregation of cardiovascular risk factors was the main outcome. The regression model was adjusted for sex, age, region of Brazil, and school type. Most alcohol users were 16 to 17 years old, while nonusers were between 12 and 13 years. Alcohol users showed a higher prevalence of smoking (8.1% vs. 0.8%) and sleep inadequacy (59.9% vs. 51.4%) than nonusers did. On the other hand, a sufficient level of physical activity was more frequent among alcohol users (51.2% vs. 44.2%). The presence of only one cardiovascular risk factor was more frequent in nonusers (42.3%) than alcohol users (38.9%). Alcohol users tended to aggregate more for the category of 3-4 cardiovascular risk factors when compared with the non-alcohol-using population (10.9% vs. 7.9%). Aggregation of three cardiovascular risk factors was more likely to be observed among male adolescent alcohol users. Inadequate sleep and smoking habit tended to aggregate among alcohol users. This finding highlights the importance of public policies aiming to reduce alcohol consumption at early ages and, consequently, to decrease the risk of future morbimortality of noncommunicable chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thatiana J P Pinto
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil.
| | - Eliane P Mendonça
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Katia V Bloch
- Institute of Public Health Studies, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Horacio Macedo, w/o number, Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21044-020, Brazil.
| | - Geraldo M Cunha
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil
| | - Evandro S F Coutinho
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões, 1480 - Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21041-210, Brazil; Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Rio de Janeiro 20550-900, Brazil
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Jardim TV, Rosner B, Bloch KV, Kuschnir MCC, Szklo M, Jardim PCV. Blood pressure reference values for Brazilian adolescents: data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA Study). J Pediatr (Rio J) 2020; 96:168-176. [PMID: 30528258 PMCID: PMC9432253 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2018.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Blood pressure (BP) references for Brazilian adolescents are lacking in the literature. This study aims to investigate the normal range of office BP in a healthy, non-overweight Brazilian population of adolescents. METHOD The Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (Portuguese acronym "ERICA") is a national school-based study that included adolescents (aged 12 through 17 years), enrolled in public and private schools, in cities with over 100,000 inhabitants, from all five Brazilian macro-regions. Adolescents' height and body mass index (BMI) were classified in percentiles according to age and gender, and reference curves from the World Health Organization were adopted. Three consecutive office BP measurements were taken with a validated oscillometric device using the appropriate cuff size. The mean values of the last two readings were used for analysis. Polynomial regression models relating BP, age, and height were applied. RESULTS Among 73,999 adolescents, non-overweight individuals represented 74.5% (95% CI: 73.3-75.6) of the total, with similar distribution across ages. The majority of the non-overweight sample was from public schools 84.2% (95% CI: 79.9-87.7) and sedentary 54.8% (95% CI: 53.7-55.8). Adolescents reporting their skin color as brown (48.8% [95% CI: 47.4-50.1]) or white (37.8% [95% CI: 36.1-39.5]) were most frequently represented. BP increased by both age and height percentile. Systolic BP growth patterns were more marked in males when compared to females, along all height percentiles. The same pattern was not observed for diastolic BP. CONCLUSIONS Blood pressure references by sex, age, and height percentiles for Brazilian adolescents are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Veiga Jardim
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Goiânia, GO, Brazil; Brigham & Women's Hospital, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, United States.
| | - Bernard Rosner
- Channing Laboratory, Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States
| | - Katia Vergetti Bloch
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Moyses Szklo
- The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Epidemiology, Baltimore, United States; The Johns Hopkins University, Department of Medicine (Cardiology), Baltimore, United States
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Blood pressure reference values for Brazilian adolescents: data from the Study of Cardiovascular Risk in Adolescents (ERICA Study). JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2018.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Silva MPD, Pacífico AB, Piola TS, Fantinelli ER, Camargo EMD, Legnani RFS, Campos WD. ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PRACTICE AND CLUSTERING OF HEALTH RISK BEHAVIORS IN ADOLESCENTS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 38:e2018247. [PMID: 32074224 PMCID: PMC7025445 DOI: 10.1590/1984-0462/2020/38/2018247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To verify the association between participation in physical activity (PA)
and the clustering of health risk behaviors (HRB) in adolescents of both
genders. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 862 adolescents (11 to 17 years old)
enrolled in 14 randomly selected public schools from Curitiba, Paraná,
Brazil. Participation in PA, screen time, consumption of fruit, vegetables,
cigarettes and alcoholic beverages were the criteria evaluated. Multinomial
logistic regression tested the association between participation in PA and
clustering of HRB, and results are expressed Odds Ratio
(OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95%CI). Results: Adolescents with high participation in PA had lower odds of clustering 2-3
HRB (OR 0.38, 95%CI 0.21-0.68; p<0.01) and 4-5 HRB (OR 0.29; 95%IC
0.16-0.53; p<0.01). Boys with high participation in PA had lower chances
of clustering 2-3 HRB (OR 0.31, 95%CI 0.13-0.75; p=0.01), and girls had
lower odds of clustering 2-3 HRB (OR 0.41; 95%CI 0.17-0.99; p=0.04) and 4-5
HRB (OR 0.25; 95%CI 0.10-0.61; p<0.01). Conclusions: High participation in PA was inversely associated with the clustering of HRB
in adolescents.
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Rahal RMS, Rocha ME, Freitas-Junior R, Correa RDS, Rodrigues D, Martins E, Soares LR, Oliveira JC. Trends in the Incidence of Breast Cancer Following the Radiological Accident in Goiânia: A 25-Year Analysis. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2019; 20:3811-3816. [PMID: 31870126 PMCID: PMC7173397 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2019.20.12.3811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The largest radiological accident to occur in any urban area happened in Goiânia, Brazil, in 1987. One major concern regarding deleterious effects in the population was a possible increase in the breast cancer incidence. This study analyzed trends in the incidence of breast cancer over the 25-year period following the radiological accident. Methods: This ecological, population-based study was conducted to determine the incidence of breast cancer in female residents of Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil, between 1988 and 2012. The data were collected from the Goiânia population-based cancer registry. Crude and age-standardized incidence rates were calculated. The Joinpoint software program was used to calculate annual percent changes (APC) in the incidence of breast cancer. Results: Overall, 7,365 new cases of breast cancer were identified, with an annual crude incidence rate of 23.09/100,000 women in 1988 and of 71.65/100,000 women in 2012. The age-standardized incidence rate was 35.63/100,000 women in 1988 and 65.63/100,000 women in 2012. Analysis of the APC showed a significant annual increase of 4.8% in the incidence between 1988 and 2005 (p<0.0001) followed by stabilization in 2005-2012, with an APC of -3.5% (p=0.1). Conclusion: There was an increase in the incidence of breast cancer in the female residents of Goiânia, Goiás in the first 17 years of evaluation (1988-2004) followed by a period of stabilization until 2012. However, the trends in the incidence suggest a lack of association with the radiological accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosemar Macedo Sousa Rahal
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Marina Elias Rocha
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Ruffo Freitas-Junior
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | | | - Danielle Rodrigues
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Edesio Martins
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Ribeiro Soares
- Advanced Center for Breast Diagnosis (CORA), School of Medicine, Federal University of Goias, Goias, Brazil
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Ferreira VR, Jardim TV, Sousa ALL, Rosa BMC, Jardim PCV. Smoking, alcohol consumption and mental health: Data from the Brazilian study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA). Addict Behav Rep 2018; 9:100147. [PMID: 31193769 PMCID: PMC6542299 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2018.100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Revised: 11/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Previous researches have indicated a strong association of alcohol and tobacco use with psychiatric disorders, but the relationship with depression and anxiety symptoms is still uncertain. We investigated the association of psychological distress and alcohol consumption, tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) among adolescents in a developing country. Methods The authors evaluated 73,399 individuals (12–17 years) who participated in the Cardiovascular Risks Study in Adolescents (ERICA), a cross-sectional, national and school-based study, carried out in 124 Brazilian municipalities. The variables considered were alcoholic beverages (experimentation, consumption in the previous month and frequency of use) and smoking (experimentation, current smoking habits, frequent smoking and SHS exposure). Psychological distress was defined as a score ≥ 3 points in GHQ-12. Analyses included multiple logistic regression modeling. Results The frequency of individuals with psychological distress was higher in the group who smoked for at least 7 consecutive days (53.3% vs 31.2%; OR: 2.17; 95%CI: 1.65–2.86), were exposed to SHS indoors (37.8% vs 29.8%; OR:1.30; 95%CI: 1.14–1.48), and outdoors (37.7% vs 26.6%; OR: 1.49; 95%CI: 1.28–1.74), and among young people who consumed at least 1 drink of alcohol in the previous 30 days (42.4% vs 28.6%; OR: 1.70; 95%CI: 1.46–1.97), when compared to adolescents not exposed. Conclusions Smoking (passively and actively) and the consumption of alcoholic beverages are associated to psychological distress in the adolescent population. Avoiding smoking and the use of alcohol may have beneficial effects on the mental health. Our data reinforce the urgent necessity to prevent effectively underage access to legal drugs in Brazil. The chance of psychological distress was 70% higher in the group of adolescents who consumed alcohol in the last month. Prevalence of psychological distress was twice as high among adolescents who smoked for seven consecutive days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Roriz Ferreira
- Hypertension League - School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago Veiga Jardim
- Hypertension League - School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.,Brigham & Women's Hospital - Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Health Decision Science, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ana Luiza Lima Sousa
- Hypertension League - School of Medicine, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Jardim TV, Gaziano TA, Nascente FM, Carneiro CDS, Morais P, Roriz V, Mendonça KL, Póvoa TIR, Barroso WKS, Sousa ALL, Jardim PCBV. Multiple cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents from a middle-income country: Prevalence and associated factors. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200075. [PMID: 29975756 PMCID: PMC6033431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple cardiovascular risk factors are directly related to the severity of atherosclerosis, even in children and adolescents. In this context accurate assessment of risk factors at the individual level play a decisive role in cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, the frequency of their coexistence in individuals, and identify possible determinants associated with this coexistence in Brazilian adolescents. A cross-sectional study with 1170 students (12-17 years) from public and private schools of a large city was conducted. In addition to family history, modifiable cardiovascular risk factors were assessed including: tobacco use, alcohol consumption, sedentary lifestyle, overweight/obesity, increased waist circumference, and high blood pressure (office and home). We built a linear regression model to identify determinants associated with increasing number of modifiable risk factors. Mean study population age was 14.7±1.6 years, 67% were enrolled in public schools and 33% in private ones. The majority of the adolescents had at least two risk factors (68.9%), more than 10% had more than 4 risk factors, and in only 6.7% of the sample no risk factor was identified. Family history of CVD (β-coefficient = 1.20; 95%CI 1.07-1.34; p<0.001), increasing age (β-coefficient = 0.08; 95%CI 0.04-0.11; p<0.001), and being enrolled in private schools (β-coefficient = 0.16; 95%CI 0.02-0.30; p = 0.023) were directly associated with the modifiable CV risk factors. In conclusion, the prevalence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors was high in the population of adolescents studied. School based interventions should be addressed to change this scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Veiga Jardim
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Brigham & Women's Hospital—Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health—Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Health Decision Science, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Thomas A. Gaziano
- Brigham & Women's Hospital—Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health—Department of Health Policy and Management, Center for Health Decision Science, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | | | - Polyana Morais
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Roriz
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Karla Lorena Mendonça
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Thaís Inácio Rolim Póvoa
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Therapy (ESEFFEGO)—State University of Goiás (UEG), Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Luiza Lima Sousa
- Hypertension League–Federal University of Goias, S/N.–Setor Universitário, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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Cureau FV, Sparrenberger K, Bloch KV, Ekelund U, Schaan BD. Associations of multiple unhealthy lifestyle behaviors with overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity among Brazilian adolescents: A country-wide survey. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2018; 28:765-774. [PMID: 29843935 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, smoking and heavy drinking are four key unhealthy lifestyle behaviors (ULB) that may influence body weight and obesity development. More recently, sedentary time has been recognized as another potentially emerging ULB related to obesity. We therefore investigated the association of multiple ULB with overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity among Brazilian adolescents. METHODS AND RESULTS This cross-sectional study involved 62,063 students (12-17 years). Physical inactivity, high screen time, low fiber intake, binge drinking and smoking were self-reported and combined to a ULB risk score, ranging from zero to five. Participants were classified as overweight/obese or with abdominal obesity using sex and age-specific cut-off points for BMI and waist circumference, respectively. Poisson regression models were used to examine the associations between ULB with overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity, adjusted for socio-demographic variables. Overall, 2.3%, 18.9%, 43.9%, 32.3% and 2.6% of participants reported zero, one, two, three and four/five ULB, respectively. Higher ULB risk score was associated with overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in a dose-response gradient. Among 32 possible combinations of ULB, the three most prevalent combinations (physical inactivity + low fiber intake; high screen time + low fiber intake; physical inactivity + high screen time + low fiber intake) were positively associated with general and abdominal obesity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest a synergistic relationship between ULB and general and abdominal obesity. Preventive efforts targeting combined ULB should be sought to reduce the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in Brazilian youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- F V Cureau
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology for Health Technology Assessment, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - K Sparrenberger
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - K V Bloch
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - U Ekelund
- Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Science, Oslo, Norway
| | - B D Schaan
- Postgraduate Program in Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Endocrine Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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de Freitas Ferreira M, de Moraes CL, Braga JU, Reichenheim ME, da Veiga GV. Abusive alcohol consumption among adolescents: a predictive model for maximizing early detection and responses. Public Health 2018; 159:99-106. [PMID: 29559184 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To present a predictive model of alcohol abuse among adolescents based on prevalence projections in various population subgroups. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS The sample consisted of 785 adolescents enrolled in the second year of high school in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Alcohol consumption was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test. Socio-economic, demographic, family, individuals, and school-related variables were examined as potential predictors. The logit model was used to estimate the prevalence projections. Model fitting was examined in relation to the observed data set, and in a subset, that was generated from 200 subsamples of individuals via a bootstrap process using general fit estimators, discrimination, and calibration measures. RESULTS About 25.5% of the adolescents were classified as positive for alcohol abuse. Being male, being 17-19 years old, not living with mothers, presenting symptoms suggestive of binge eating, having used a strategy of weight reduction in the last 3 months, and, especially, being a victim of family violence were important predictors of abusive consumption of alcohol. While the model's prevalence projection in the absence of these features was 8%, it reaches 68% in the presence of all predictors. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of predictive characteristics of alcohol abuse is essential for screening, early detection of positive cases, and establishing interventions to reduce consumption among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- M de Freitas Ferreira
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 7° Andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20559-900, Brazil.
| | - C L de Moraes
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 7° Andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20559-900, Brazil; Medical School, Estácio de Sá University, Rua Riachuelo 27, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20230-010, Brazil
| | - J U Braga
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 7° Andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20559-900, Brazil; Professor Helio Fraga Reference Center, National School of Public Health, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M E Reichenheim
- Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rua São Francisco Xavier 524 7° Andar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 20559-900, Brazil
| | - G V da Veiga
- Department of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Avenida Carlos Chagas Filho 373, Bloco J, 2° andar, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil
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Santana NMT, Mill JG, Velasquez-Melendez G, Moreira AD, Barreto SM, Viana MC, Molina MDCB. Consumption of alcohol and blood pressure: Results of the ELSA-Brasil study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190239. [PMID: 29309408 PMCID: PMC5757983 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevention and reduction of excessive use of alcohol represents damages to society in general. In turn, arterial hypertension is the main attributable risk factor premature life lost years and disability. OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationship between alcohol consumption and high blood pressure in participants of the Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil). METHODOLOGY A baseline data of total of 7,655 participants volunteers between 35 and 74 years of age, of both genders, in six educational and research institutions of three different regions of the country were interviewed between 2008-2010. Socioeconomic, haemodynamic, anthropometric and health data were collected in the research centers of ELSA-Brasil. The presence of high blood pressure was identified when the systolic blood pressure was ≥140 mm Hg and/or the diastolic was ≥90 mm Hg. Alcohol consumption was estimated and categorized regarding consumption and pattern of ingestion. The Student's t-test, chi-squared and logistic regression tests were used for analysis, including potential co-variables of the model, and a 5% significance level was adopted. RESULTS A dose-response relation was observed for the consumption of alcohol (g/week) in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure. Alcohol consumption was associated with high blood pressure in men who reported moderate (OR = 1.69; 95%CI 1.35-2.11) and excessive (OR = 2.70; 95%CI 2.04-3.59) consumption. Women have nearly three times more chance of presenting elevated blood pressure when presenting excessive consumption (OR = 2.86, 95%CI 1.77-4.63), and binge drinkers who drink more than 2 to 3 times a month have approximately 70% more chance of presenting with elevated blood pressure, after adjusting for consumption of drinks with meals. CONCLUSION The consumption of alcohol beverages increases the odds of elevated blood pressure, especially among excessive drinkers. Therefore alcohol consumption needs a more robust regulation in view of its impact on population health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Geraldo Mill
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
- Department of Maternal and child Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Dias Moreira
- Department of Maternal and child Nursing, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sandhi Maria Barreto
- Graduate Studies Program of Public Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Carmen Viana
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188782. [PMID: 29253900 PMCID: PMC5734768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents are a population with unique lifestyle challenges, including physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition, and obesity, all of which increase the risk of developing hypertension (HTN). The objective of this study has been to estimate the prevalence of factors associated with hypertension in adolescents in the city of Goiânia City, Central Brazil. METHODS Between 2013and2014, a cross-sectional population study on cardiovascular risk in adolescents, was conducted with the participation of 1,586 adolescents in 108 classes at 36 schools (public and private) in Goiânia city. All of the adolescents were interviewed to establish their sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics related to hypertension and nutritional status. Anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected following a protocol. A Poisson regression, stratified by gender, was used to verify the factors associated with HTN. RESULTS In this mixed-gender group of 1,586 students, the prevalence of HTN was 6.2% (95% CI: 4.6-8.2%) in girls and 14.0% (95% CI: 10.2-18.8%) in boys-about twice as high in boys as in girls (p <0.001). Obesity was independently associated with HTN in both genders. Being overweight was a risk factor for HTN. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the SBP/SBP percentile and the BMI Z-score/Nutritional status (NS)in both genders. A high prevalence of physical inactivity was also observed in the adolescents investigated, especially in the girls. On the other hand, more boys than girls were found to be obese. CONCLUSION The results of this investigation revealed the need for strategies to prevent and control HTN and its risk factors, especially in Brazil's schools. In addition to the constant surveillance of HTN prevalence and risk factors (in particular, being overweight or obese), information should be distributed to promote beneficial health behaviors among adolescents.
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High School Students Residing in Educational Public Institutions: Health-Risk Behaviors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161652. [PMID: 27560808 PMCID: PMC4999216 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Although several health-risk behaviors of adolescents have been described in the literature, data of high school students who reside at educational institutions in developing countries are scarce. This study aimed to describe behaviors associated with health risks among high school students who reside at an educational public institution and to associate these variables with the length of stay at the institution. This cross-sectional study was conducted during the year 2015 and included 122 students aged 14–19 years at a federal educational institution in the Midwest of Brazil; students were divided into residents of <8 months and those of >20 months. Information concerning the family socioeconomic status and anthropometric, dietary and behavioral profiles was investigated. Despite being physically active, students exhibited risk-associated behaviors such as cigarette and alcohol use and risky sexual behaviors that were exacerbated by fragile socioeconomic conditions and distance from family. A longer time in residence at the institution was associated with an older age (p ≤ 0.001), adequate body mass index (BMI; p = 0.02), nutritional knowledge (p = 0.01), and less doses of alcohol consumption (p ≤ 0.01) compared with those with shorter times in residence. In conclusion, the students exhibited different health-risk behaviors, and a longer institutional residence time, compared with a shorter time, was found to associate with the reduction of health-risk behaviors.
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