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Gutierrez AP, Ponti L, Neteler M, Suckling DM, Cure JR. Invasive potential of tropical fruit flies in temperate regions under climate change. Commun Biol 2021; 4:1141. [PMID: 34593969 PMCID: PMC8484444 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02599-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tropical fruit flies are considered among the most economically important invasive species detected in temperate areas of the United States and the European Union. Detections often trigger quarantine and eradication programs that are conducted without a holistic understanding of the threat posed. Weather-driven physiologically-based demographic models are used to estimate the geographic range, relative abundance, and threat posed by four tropical tephritid fruit flies (Mediterranean fruit fly, melon fly, oriental fruit fly, and Mexican fruit fly) in North and Central America, and the European-Mediterranean region under extant and climate change weather (RCP8.5 and A1B scenarios). Most temperate areas under tropical fruit fly propagule pressure have not been suitable for establishment, but suitability is predicted to increase in some areas with climate change. To meet this ongoing challenge, investments are needed to collect sound biological data to develop mechanistic models to predict the geographic range and relative abundance of these and other invasive species, and to put eradication policies on a scientific basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Paul Gutierrez
- Center for the Analysis of Sustainable Agricultural Systems (www.casasglobal.org), Kensington, CA, USA.
- Division of Ecosystem Science, College of Natural Resources, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
| | - Luigi Ponti
- Center for the Analysis of Sustainable Agricultural Systems (www.casasglobal.org), Kensington, CA, USA.
- Agenzia nazionale per le nuove tecnologie, l'energia e lo sviluppo economico sostenibile (ENEA), Centro Ricerche Casaccia, Roma, Italy.
| | | | - David Maxwell Suckling
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd., Christchurch, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - José Ricardo Cure
- Center for the Analysis of Sustainable Agricultural Systems (www.casasglobal.org), Kensington, CA, USA
- Facultad de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
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2
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Dionysopoulou NK, Papanastasiou SA, Kyritsis GA, Papadopoulos NT. Effect of host fruit, temperature and Wolbachia infection on survival and development of Ceratitis capitata immature stages. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229727. [PMID: 32191724 PMCID: PMC7082022 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae), holds an impressive record of successful invasions promoted by the growth and development of international fruit trade. Hence, survival of immatures within infested fruit that are subjected to various conditions during transportation seems to be a crucial feature that promotes invasion success. Wolbachia pipientis is a common endosymbiont of insects and other arthropods generating several biological effects on its hosts. Existing information report the influence of Wolbachia on the fitness traits of insect host species, including the Mediterranean fruit fly. However, little is known regarding effects of Wolbachia infection on immature development in different host fruits and temperatures. This study was conducted to determine the development and survival of immature stages of four different Mediterranean fruit fly populations, either infected or uninfected with Wolbachia, in two hosts (apples, bitter oranges) under three constant temperatures (15, 25 and 30°C), constant relative humidity (45-55 ± 5%), and a photoperiod of 14L:10D. Our findings demonstrate both differential response of two fruit fly lines to Wolbachia infection and differential effects of the two Wolbachia strains on the same Mediterranean fruit fly line. Larva-to-pupa and larva-to-adult survival followed similar patterns and varied a lot among the four medfly populations, the two host fruits and the different temperatures. Pupation rates and larval developmental time were higher for larvae implanted in apples compared to bitter oranges. The survival rates of wildish medflies were higher than those of the laboratory adapted ones, particularly in bitter oranges. The Wolbachia infected medflies, expressed lower survival rates and higher developmental times, especially the wCer4 infected line. High temperatures constrained immature development and were lethal for the Wolbachia infected wCer4 medfly line. Lower temperatures inferred longer developmental times to immature stages of all medfly populations tested, in both host fruits. Implications on the ecology and survival of the fly in nature are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki K. Dionysopoulou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Stella A. Papanastasiou
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Georgios A. Kyritsis
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
| | - Nikos T. Papadopoulos
- Laboratory of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Department of Agriculture Crop Production and Rural Environment, University of Thessaly, Volos, Greece
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3
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Asimakis ED, Khan M, Stathopoulou P, Caceres C, Bourtzis K, Tsiamis G. The effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of the melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett). BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:88. [PMID: 31847902 PMCID: PMC6918631 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0578-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Symbiotic bacteria contribute to a multitude of important biological functions such as nutrition and reproduction and affect multiple physiological factors like fitness and longevity in their insect hosts. The melon fly, Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett), is an important agricultural pest that affects a variety of cultivated plants belonging mostly to the Cucurbitaceae family. It is considered invasive and widespread in many parts of the world. Several approaches are currently being considered for the management of its populations including the environmentally friendly and effective sterile insect technique (SIT), as a component of an integrated pest management (IPM) strategy. In the present study, we examined the effect of diet and radiation on the bacterial symbiome of Z. cucurbitae flies with the use of Next Generation Sequencing technologies. Results Melon flies were reared on two diets at the larval stage, an artificial bran-based diet and on sweet gourd, which affected significantly the development of the bacterial profiles. Significant differentiation was also observed based on gender. The effect of radiation was mostly diet dependent, with irradiated melon flies reared on the bran diet exhibiting a significant reduction in species diversity and richness compared to their non-irradiated controls. Changes in the bacterial symbiome of the irradiated melon flies included a drastic reduction in the number of sequences affiliated with members of Citrobacter, Raoultella, and Enterobacteriaceae. At the same time, an increase was observed for members of Enterobacter, Providencia and Morganella. Interestingly, the irradiated male melon flies reared on sweet gourd showed a clear differentiation compared to their non-irradiated controls, namely a significant reduction in species richness and minor differences in the relative abundance for members of Enterobacter and Providencia. Conclusions The two diets in conjunction with the irradiation affected significantly the formation of the bacterial symbiome. Melon flies reared on the bran-based artificial diet displayed significant changes in the bacterial symbiome upon irradiation, in all aspects, including species richness, diversity and composition. When reared on sweet gourd, significant changes occurred to male samples due to radiation, only in terms of species richness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias D Asimakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Mahfuza Khan
- Insect Biotechnology Division, Institute of Food and Radiation Biology (IFRB), Atomic Energy Research Establishment (AERE), Ganak bari, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Panagiota Stathopoulou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece
| | - Carlos Caceres
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Centre, P.O. Box 100, 1400, Vienna, Austria
| | - George Tsiamis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Patras, 2 Seferi St., 30131, Agrinio, Greece.
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Gu X, Zhao Y, Su Y, Wu J, Wang Z, Hu J, Liu L, Zhao Z, Hoffmann AA, Chen B, Li Z. A transcriptional and functional analysis of heat hardening in two invasive fruit fly species, Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera correcta. Evol Appl 2019; 12:1147-1163. [PMID: 31293628 PMCID: PMC6597872 DOI: 10.1111/eva.12793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Many insects have the capacity to increase their resistance to high temperatures by undergoing heat hardening at nonlethal temperatures. Although this response is well established, its molecular underpinnings have only been investigated in a few species where it seems to relate at least partly to the expression of heat shock protein (Hsp) genes. Here, we studied the mechanism of hardening and associated transcription responses in larvae of two invasive fruit fly species in China, Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera correcta. Both species showed hardening which increased resistance to 45°C, although the more widespread B. dorsalis hardened better at higher temperatures compared to B. correcta which hardened better at lower temperatures. Transcriptional analyses highlighted expression changes in a number of genes representing different biochemical pathways, but these changes and pathways were inconsistent between the two species. Overall B. dorsalis showed expression changes in more genes than B. correcta. Hsp genes tended to be upregulated at a hardening temperature of 38°C in both species, while at 35°C many Hsp genes tended to be upregulated in B. correcta but not B. dorsalis. One candidate gene (the small heat shock protein gene, Hsp23) with a particularly high level of upregulation was investigated functionally using RNA interference (RNAi). We found that RNAi may be more efficient in B. dorsalis, in which suppression of the expression of this gene removed the hardening response, whereas in B. correcta RNAi did not decrease the hardening response. The different patterns of gene expression in these two species at the two hardening temperatures highlight the diverse mechanisms underlying hardening even in closely related species. These results may provide target genes for future control efforts against such pest species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Gu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yun Su
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Jiajiao Wu
- Guangdong Inspection and Quarantine Technology CenterGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziya Wang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Juntao Hu
- Redpath MuseumMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of BiologyMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Lijun Liu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Zihua Zhao
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 InstituteUniversity of MelbourneParkvilleVictoriaAustralia
| | - Bing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- Present address:
College of Life SciencesHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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Mkiga A, Mohamed S, du Plessis H, Khamis F, Ekesi S. Field and Laboratory Performance of False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia Leucotreta (Lepidoptera: Troticidae) on Orange and Selected Vegetables. INSECTS 2019; 10:insects10030063. [PMID: 30823473 PMCID: PMC6468387 DOI: 10.3390/insects10030063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
False codling moth (FCM), Thaumatotibia leucotreta is a key pest of citrus orange and other plants causing fruit loss through larval feeding. Although this pest is native to sub-Saharan Africa little is known on its performance on orange and vegetables in Kenya and Tanzania. Our objective was to assess the incidence, oviposition preference and offspring performance of FCM on orange and vegetables, namely, okra, African eggplant, chili and sweet peppers. A higher percentage of orange with FCM damage symptoms was recorded from the ground than from the tree sampled fruit. However, FCM larval incidence was higher for the latter (tree sampled fruit). The highest FCM larval incidence amongst the vegetables was recorded on African eggplant (12%) while the lowest was on okra (3%). Orange was the most while African eggplant was the least preferred for oviposition by FCM. Among the vegetables tested, strong oviposition preference was found for sweet pepper; however, larval survival was lowest (62%) on this crop. Highest larval survival (77%) was recorded on orange. Most demographic parameters (i.e., intrinsic rate of increase, doubling time) were comparable among the studied host plants. The results are discussed in line of FCM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Mkiga
- Plant Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Samira Mohamed
- Plant Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
| | - Hannalene du Plessis
- Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom 2520, South Africa.
| | - Fathiya Khamis
- Plant Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- Plant Health Division, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
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Chia SY, Tanga CM, Khamis FM, Mohamed SA, Salifu D, Sevgan S, Fiaboe KKM, Niassy S, van Loon JJA, Dicke M, Ekesi S. Threshold temperatures and thermal requirements of black soldier fly Hermetia illucens: Implications for mass production. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206097. [PMID: 30383771 PMCID: PMC6211680 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Efforts to recycle organic wastes using black soldier fly (BSF) Hermetia illucens into high-nutrient biomass that constitutes a sustainable fat (biodiesel) and high-quality protein ingredient in animal feeds have recently gained momentum worldwide. However, there is little information on the most suitable rearing conditions for growth, development and survivorship of these flies, which is a prerequisite for mass production technologies. We evaluated the physiological requirements for growth and reproduction of H. illucens on two diets [spent grains supplemented with brewers’ yeast (D1) and un-supplemented (D2)]. Development rates at nine constant temperatures (10–42°C) were fitted to temperature-dependent linear and non-linear day-degree models. Thereafter, life history table parameters were determined within a range of favourable temperatures. The thermal maximum (TM) estimates for larval, pre-pupal and pupal development using non-linear model ranged between 37.2 ± 0.3 and 44.0 ± 2.3°C. The non-linear and linear day-degree model estimations of lower developmental temperature threshold for larvae were 11.7 ± 0.9 and 12.3 ± 1.4°C for D1, and 10.4 ± 1.7 and 11.7 ± 3.0°C for D2, respectively. The estimated thermal constant of immature life stages development of BSF was higher for the larval stage (250±25 DD for D1 and 333±51 for D2) than the other stages evaluated. Final larval wet weight was higher on D1 compared to D2. The population growth rate was most favourable at 30-degree celsius (°C) with higher intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm = 0.127 for D1 and 0.122 for D2) and shorter doubling time (5.5 days for D1 and 5.7 days for D2) compared to the other temperatures. These results are valuable for the optimization of commercial mass rearing procedures of BSF under various environmental conditions and prediction of population dynamics patterns using computer simulation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaphan Yong Chia
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Chrysantus Mbi Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
- * E-mail:
| | - Fathiya M. Khamis
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Samira A. Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Daisy Salifu
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Subramanian Sevgan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Komi K. M. Fiaboe
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Saliou Niassy
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Joop J. A. van Loon
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Dicke
- Laboratory of Entomology, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
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Hafsi A, Facon B, Ravigné V, Chiroleu F, Quilici S, Chermiti B, Duyck PF. Host plant range of a fruit fly community (Diptera: Tephritidae): does fruit composition influence larval performance? BMC Ecol 2016; 16:40. [PMID: 27650549 PMCID: PMC5030732 DOI: 10.1186/s12898-016-0094-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Phytophagous insects differ in their degree of specialisation on host plants, and range from strictly monophagous species that can develop on only one host plant to extremely polyphagous species that can develop on hundreds of plant species in many families. Nutritional compounds in host fruits affect several larval traits that may be related to adult fitness. In this study, we determined the relationship between fruit nutrient composition and the degree of host specialisation of seven of the eight tephritid species present in La Réunion; these species are known to have very different host ranges in natura. In the laboratory, larval survival, larval developmental time, and pupal weight were assessed on 22 fruit species occurring in La Réunion. In addition, data on fruit nutritional composition were obtained from existing databases. Results For each tephritid, the three larval traits were significantly affected by fruit species and the effects of fruits on larval traits differed among tephritids. As expected, the polyphagous species Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis catoirii, C. rosa, and C. capitata were able to survive on a larger range of fruits than the oligophagous species Zeugodacus cucurbitae, Dacus demmerezi, and Neoceratitis cyanescens. Pupal weight was positively correlated with larval survival and was negatively correlated with developmental time for polyphagous species. Canonical correspondence analysis of the relationship between fruit nutrient composition and tephritid survival showed that polyphagous species survived better than oligophagous ones in fruits containing higher concentrations of carbohydrate, fibre, and lipid. Conclusion Nutrient composition of host fruit at least partly explains the suitability of host fruits for larvae. Completed with female preferences experiments these results will increase our understanding of factors affecting tephritid host range. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12898-016-0094-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Hafsi
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 97410, Saint Pierre, France.,Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Laboratoire d'Entomologie et de Lutte Biologique, Université de Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Benoit Facon
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 97410, Saint Pierre, France.,UMR « Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion des Populations », INRA-SPE, 755 avenue du Campus, Agropolis, CS 30016, 34988, Montferrier sur Lez, Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | - Brahim Chermiti
- Institut Supérieur Agronomique de Chott-Mariem, Laboratoire d'Entomologie et de Lutte Biologique, Université de Sousse, 4042, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Pierre-François Duyck
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 97410, Saint Pierre, France. .,UMR « Peuplements Végétaux et Bio-agresseurs en Milieu Tropical », CIRAD Pôle de Protection des Plantes, 7 chemin de l'Irat, 97410, Saint Pierre, La Réunion, France.
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Tanga CM, Manrakhan A, Daneel JH, Mohamed SA, Fathiya K, Ekesi S. Comparative analysis of development and survival of two Natal fruit fly Ceratitis rosa Karsch (Diptera, Tephritidae) populations from Kenya and South Africa. Zookeys 2015:467-87. [PMID: 26798273 PMCID: PMC4714083 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.540.9906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Comparative analysis of development and survivorship of two geographically divergent populations of the Natal fruit fly Ceratitis rosa Karsch designated as Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 from Kenya and South Africa were studied at seven constant temperatures (10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 33, 35 °C). Temperature range for development and survival of both populations was 15-35 °C. The developmental duration was found to significantly decrease with increasing temperature for Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 from both countries. Survivorship of all the immature stages of Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 from Kenya was highest over the range of 20-30 °C (87-95%) and lowest at 15 and 35 °C (61-76%). Survivorship of larvae of Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 from South Africa was lowest at 35 °C (22%) and 33 °C (0.33%), respectively. Results from temperature summation models showed that Ceratitis rosa R2 (egg, larva and pupa) from both countries were better adapted to low temperatures than R1, based on lower developmental threshold. Minimum larval temperature threshold for Kenyan populations were 11.27 °C and 6.34 °C (R1 and R2, respectively) compared to 8.99 °C and 7.74 °C (R1 and R2, respectively) for the South African populations. Total degree-day (DD) accumulation for the Kenyan populations were estimated at 302.75 (Ceratitis rosa R1) and 413.53 (Ceratitis rosa R2) compared to 287.35 (Ceratitis rosa R1) and 344.3 (Ceratitis rosa R2) for the South African populations. These results demonstrate that Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 from both countries were physiologically distinct in their response to different temperature regimes and support the existence of two genetically distinct populations of Ceratitis rosa. It also suggests the need for taxonomic revision of Ceratitis rosa, however, additional information on morphological characterization of Ceratitis rosa R1 and Ceratitis rosa R2 is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysantus M Tanga
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Aruna Manrakhan
- Citrus Research International, P.O. Box 28, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa
| | - John-Henry Daneel
- Citrus Research International, P.O. Box 28, Nelspruit 1200, South Africa
| | - Samira A Mohamed
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Khamis Fathiya
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Sunday Ekesi
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772 - 00100, Nairobi, Kenya
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De Meyer M, Delatte H, Mwatawala M, Quilici S, Vayssières JF, Virgilio M. A review of the current knowledge on Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera, Tephritidae) in Africa, with a list of species included in Zeugodacus. Zookeys 2015:539-57. [PMID: 26798277 PMCID: PMC4714087 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.540.9672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper reviews all available information regarding the occurrence and biology of the melon fly, Zeugodacuscucurbitae (Coquillett), in the Afrotropical Region, including data on invasion history, distribution patterns, population genetics, host range, and interspecific competition. Although limited intraspecific variability has been observed within the region regarding the above mentioned aspects, there seems to be no indication that Zeugodacuscucurbitae represents a species complex. A checklist of all of the species included in Zeugodacus as recently proposed by Virgilio et al. (2015) is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc De Meyer
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Invertebrates Unit, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium
| | - Hélène Delatte
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 7, ch de l'IRAT, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Maulid Mwatawala
- Sokoine University of Agriculture, Dept of Crop Science and Production, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Serge Quilici
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT, 7, ch de l'IRAT, 97410 Saint-Pierre, La Réunion, France
| | - Jean-François Vayssières
- CIRAD, UPR HortSys, 34398, Montpellier, France and IITA, Biocontrol Unit for Africa, 08 BP 0932, Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Massimiliano Virgilio
- Royal Museum for Central Africa, Invertebrates Unit, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium; Royal Museum for Central Africa, JEMU, Leuvensesteenweg 13, B3080 Tervuren, Belgium
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10
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Identification of host blends that attract the African invasive fruit fly, Bactrocera invadens. J Chem Ecol 2014; 40:966-76. [PMID: 25236383 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-014-0501-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Bactrocera invadens, an invasive fruit fly species in the Afro-tropical region belonging to the Bactrocera dorsalis complex, causes considerable damage to fruit production and productivity. We sought to find attractants from hosts of B. invadens that could serve as baits in traps for monitoring and management of this pest. The attractiveness of volatiles from four different fruit species (mango, guava, banana and orange) at two stages of ripeness (ripe or unripe) was tested in an olfactometer assay. All fruits were attractive against a clean air control. Using hexane extracts of volatile collections of fruits, we demonstrated that male flies preferred the volatiles of ripe guava and orange over unripe fruit extracts. There was a slight difference in preference between females and males; females preferred orange to guava and mango, whereas males preferred mango and guava to orange. Gas chromatography/electroantennographic detection (GC/EAD) and GC/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) were used to identify compounds to which B. invadens antennae were sensitive. GC/EAD recordings from distal and medio-central parts of the fly antenna showed responses to a number of compounds from each fruit species, with esters dominating the responses. Synthetic blends were made for each fruit species using the shared antennally active compounds in ratios found in the extracts. In the olfactometer, B. invadens was most attracted to the banana and orange blends, followed by the mango and guava blends. The synthetic banana blend was as attractive as the volatile collection of banana, although both were less attractive than the fruit. The results demonstrate that composing attractive blends from GC/EAD-active constituents shared by host fruits can be effective for formulating attractive synthetic host mimics for generalist fruit fly species, such as B. invadens.
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Danjuma S, Thaochan N, Permkam S, Satasook C. Effect of temperature on the development and survival of immature stages of the carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae, and the Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae, reared on guava diet. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2014; 14:126. [PMID: 25368070 PMCID: PMC4222308 DOI: 10.1093/jis/14.1.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Members of the Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel (Diptera: Tephritidae) complex constitute well-recognized destructive pests of fruits in peninsular Thailand. The development and survival of immature stages of the carambola fruit fly, Bactrocera carambolae Drew & Hancock, and the Asian papaya fruit fly, Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock, were compared at six constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 27, 30, and 35°C, 70 ± 5% relative humidity, and a photoperiod of 12:12 (L:D). The objectives were to determine the effect of temperature on the developmental stages for optimizing rearing and to understand the geographical pattern of occurrence of these fruit fly species. A strong and positive linear relationship was observed between temperature and developmental rate of immature stages of B. carambolae. Similarly, a strong and positive linear relationship was observed between temperature and developmental rate of B. papayae. A temperature summation model was used to estimate the lower threshold temperature and the thermal constant. Bactrocera papayae was significantly faster in development and higher in survival and appeared to be better adapted to low temperatures than B. carambolae, as it exhibited the lowest threshold temperatures at all immature stages. The observed differences in response to various temperatures revealed to some extent the impact of temperature on these species' distribution in peninsular Thailand and other parts of the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solomon Danjuma
- Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, P.M.B 11, Lapai, Niger State, Nigeria Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112
| | - Narit Thaochan
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112
| | - Surakrai Permkam
- Department of Pest Management, Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112
| | - Chutamas Satasook
- Current address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand 90112
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Prabhakar CS, Mehta PK, Sood P, Singh SK, Sharma P, Sharma PN. Population genetic structure of the melon fly, Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase (COI) gene sequences. Genetica 2012; 140:83-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-012-9660-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Geurts K, Mwatawala M, De Meyer M. Indigenous and invasive fruit fly diversity along an altitudinal transect in Eastern Central Tanzania. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2012; 12:12. [PMID: 22935017 PMCID: PMC3467091 DOI: 10.1673/031.012.1201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The relative abundance of indigenous and invasive frugivorous fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) was evaluated spatially and temporally along an altitudinal transect between 581-1650 m in the Uluguru Mountains near Morogoro, Tanzania. The polyphagous invasive fruit fly Bactrocera invadens Drew, Tsuruta, and White and the indigenous fruit fly Ceratitis rosa Karsch show a similar temporal pattern, but are largely separated spatially, with B. invadens being abundant at lower elevation and C. rosa predominant at higher elevation. The polyphagous indigenous C. cosyra (Walker) coincides with B. invadens but shows an inverse temporal pattern. The cucurbit feeders B. cucurbitae (Coquillett) and Dacus bivittatus (Bigot) show a similar temporal pattern, but the former is restricted to lower elevations. Host availability and climatic differences seem to be the determining factors to explain the differences in occurrence and abundance in time and space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Geurts
- Terrestrial Ecology Unit, Faculty of Sciences, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
| | - Maulid Mwatawala
- Department of Crop Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Marc De Meyer
- Entomology Section, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Tervuren, Belgium
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Deguine JP, Atiama-Nurbel T, Douraguia E, Chiroleu F, Quilici S. Species diversity within a community of the curcurbit fruit flies Bactrocera cucurbitae, Dacus ciliatus, and Dacus demmerezi roosting in corn borders near cucurbit production areas of Reunion Island. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2012; 12:32. [PMID: 22958393 PMCID: PMC3471796 DOI: 10.1673/031.012.3201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/22/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to better control fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) attacking Cucurbitaceae on Reunion Island (21°6 S/ 55°36 E), biological characteristics (seasonal fluctuation, relative abundance, sex ratio) of communities roosting in corn borders were investigated. The study was conducted in austral summer across a range of altitudes (750-1150 m) corresponding to the main areas of cucurbit cropping. Living adults were recorded roosting on corn planted within or around cucurbit fields. Results showed a high variability in seasonal fluctuation of populations according to local conditions. Bactrocera Cucurbitae (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) was the least abundant species (27%) compared to Dacus ciliatus Loew (36%) and Dacus demmerezi Bezzi (37%). Relative abundance of B. Cucurbitae was lowest (< 18%) in high altitude sites (above 1000 m), where D. demmerezi was the most prevalent species (> 56%). Dacus ciliatus showed variable relative abundance (from 18 to 51%) depending on the experimental design (varying in location and in year). Sex ratio was also very variable from one species to another and from one experimental design to another.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Deguine
- CIRAD, UMR PVBMT ClRAD/University of La Réunion, 7 chemin de l'Irat, Ligne Paradis, 97410 Saint-Pierre (La Réunion), France.
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