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Vance-Chalcraft HD, Smith KC, Allen J, Bowser G, Cooper CB, Jelks NO, Karl C, Kodner R, Laslo M. Social Justice, Community Engagement, and Undergraduate STEM Education: Participatory Science as a Teaching Tool. CBE LIFE SCIENCES EDUCATION 2024; 23:es3. [PMID: 38728230 DOI: 10.1187/cbe.23-06-0123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Social justice is increasingly being seen as relevant to the science curriculum. We examine the intersection of participatory science, social justice, and higher education in the United States to investigate how instructors can teach about social justice and enhance collaborations to work toward enacting social justice. Participatory science approaches, like those that collect data over large geographic areas, can be particularly useful for teaching students about social justice. Conversely, local-scale approaches that integrate students into community efforts can create powerful collaborations to help facilitate social justice. We suggest a variety of large-scale databases, platforms, and portals that could be used as starting points to address a set of learning objectives about social justice. We also describe local-scale participatory science approaches with a social justice focus, developed through academic and community partnerships. Considerations for implementing participatory science with undergraduates are discussed, including cautions about the necessary time investment, cultural competence, and institutional support. These approaches are not always appropriate but can provide compelling learning experiences in the correct circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kalynda Chivon Smith
- Department of Psychology, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411
| | - Jessica Allen
- Department of Biological, Physical, and Health Sciences, Roosevelt University, Chicago, IL 60605
| | - Gillian Bowser
- Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523
| | - Caren B Cooper
- Forestry and Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | | | | | - Robin Kodner
- Environmental Sciences, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225
| | - Mara Laslo
- Biological Sciences, Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA 02481
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Kennedy AM, Tsakonas K, Berman-Hatch F, Conradi S, Thaysen M, Gillespie MA, Gislason MK. Promoting community health and climate justice co-benefits: insights from a rural and remote island climate planning process. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1309186. [PMID: 38532965 PMCID: PMC10964719 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1309186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Climate change is an environmental crisis, a health crisis, a socio-political and an economic crisis that illuminates the ways in which our human-environment relationships are arriving at crucial tipping points. Through these relational axes, social structures, and institutional practices, patterns of inequity are produced, wherein climate change disproportionately impacts several priority populations, including rural and remote communities. To make evidence-based change, it is important that engagements with climate change are informed by data that convey the nuance of various living realities and forms of knowledge; decisions are rooted in the social, structural, and ecological determinants of health; and an intersectional lens informs the research to action cycle. Our team applied theory- and equity-driven conceptualizations of data to our work with the community on Cortes Island-a remote island in the northern end of the Salish Sea in British Columbia, Canada-to aid their climate change adaptation and mitigation planning. This work was completed in five iterative stages which were informed by community-identified needs and preferences, including: An environmental scan, informal scoping interviews, attending a community forum, a scoping review, and co-development of questions for a community survey to guide the development of the Island's climate change adaptation and mitigation plan. Through this community-led collaboration we learned about the importance of ground truthing data inaccuracies and quantitative data gaps through community consultation; shifting planning focus from deficit to strengths- and asset-based engagement; responding to the needs of the community when working collaboratively across academic and community contexts; and, foregrounding the importance of, and relationship to, place when doing community engagement work. This suite of practices illuminates the integrative solution-oriented thinking needed to address complex and intersecting issues of climate change and community health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M. Kennedy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Kiera Tsakonas
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Academy, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Forrest Berman-Hatch
- Anthropology and Political Science, Faculty of Arts, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Community Foundation, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Sophia Conradi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Max Thaysen
- Friends of Cortes Island, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- BC Emergency Health Services, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Manda Aufochs Gillespie
- Cortes Island Academy, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- Cortes Island Community Foundation, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
- Folk University, Cortes Island, BC, Canada
| | - Maya K. Gislason
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
- Women’s Health Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Hoogeveen D, Atleo CG, Patrick L, Kennedy AM, Leduc M, Parkes MW, Takaro TK, Gislason MK. On the possibility of decolonising planetary health: exploring new geographies for collaboration. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e179-e183. [PMID: 36754474 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00334-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Decolonial planetary health aspires to centre the diversity and importance of Indigenous thought and stewardship. In this Viewpoint, we explore research in planetary health across holistic worldviews and western scientific approaches. We base our examination of decolonising interventions in planetary health by exploring how global trajectories play out in British Columbia, Canada. A central part of this analysis is highlighting intercultural thinking to promote an anti-colonial, anti-racist, and reciprocal approach to climate change and global health inequities across geographical space and within planetary health discourse. Our perspective encompasses an asset-based examination, which focuses on the Indigenous scholarship in planetary health that is already underway and considers how rigorous engagement with epistemic and geographical diversity can strengthen and advance planetary health. This is a place-based response to planetary health, as British Columbia experiences climate catastrophes that are impacting whole communities, cutting through major transportation systems, disrupting supply chains, and creating a further burden on public health agencies and authorities that are spread thin by COVID-19 response. We argue for a progressive acknowledgment of decolonising work that is pushing research and practice in planetary health forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawn Hoogeveen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
| | - Clifford G Atleo
- School of Resources and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Lyana Patrick
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Angel M Kennedy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Maëve Leduc
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Margot W Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC Canada
| | - Tim K Takaro
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Maya K Gislason
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
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Moro C, McLean M, Phelps C. Embedding planetary health concepts in a pre-medical physiology subject. MEDICAL TEACHER 2023; 45:179-186. [PMID: 36070483 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2022.2118041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE There are increasing calls for planetary health (which includes sustainable healthcare) to be included in tertiary health professions education. With already busy curricula, particularly in medicine, educators need to find innovative ways of integrating these important concepts without adding to learners' workload. This study investigated whether planetary health concepts could be integrated into a Physiology subject as a stop-gap approach while longitudinal planning for longitudinal curriculum integration was underway. MATERIALS AND METHODS Each week, a planetary health fact (Did you know?) with a corresponding link were embedded at the bottom of a relevant PowerPoint lecture slide to match the topic of the week in a health science and medicine Physiology subject. The embedded facts were a mix of effects on health and the environmental impacts of healthcare activities, such as medical imaging. No other formal planetary health teaching was conducted in the subject. At the end of the semester, 44% of 100 students completed a survey regarding their perceptions of the planetary health inclusions. RESULTS Participants reported an appreciation of the facts, found them helpful for their overall learning, and were interested in learning about healthcare's large environmental footprint. Seventy-one percent were able to provide a reasonable definition of planetary health. Half of the participants reported their actions, behaviours, and thoughts had changed as a result of the planetary health inclusions. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a relatively simple approach for individual educators to include planetary health concepts into existing health professions subjects until more longitudinal curriculum revisions can be undertaken. Based on our findings, we would, however, recommend providing students with a brief introduction in terms of why planetary health has been included either at the start of the first lecture or as a 10-min video.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Moro
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Michelle McLean
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | - Charlotte Phelps
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
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Greenwald L, Blanchard O, Hayden C, Sheffield P. Climate and health education: A critical review at one medical school. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1092359. [PMID: 36711353 PMCID: PMC9878448 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1092359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As medical schools continue to improve and refine their undergraduate curricula, they are also redefining the roadmap for preparing future generations of physicians. Climate change is a critical topic to integrate into medical education. This period of change for undergraduate medical education coincides with a surge in interest and design efforts for climate and health curricula in health professional education, but this nascent field has yet to be solidly institutionalized. To continue to grow the number of medical students who achieve competency in the effects of climate change on individual health and the health of the planet during their training, we must examine what has worked to date and continue to shift our approach as curricular changes are implemented for feasibility and relevancy. Objective and methods In the present study, we assessed the "climate and health" content at one northeastern U.S. medical school that is undergoing an overhaul of their entire curriculum to explore strategies to deliver more robust climate health education in the context of the educational redesign. We conducted 1) a retrospective review of the now four-year-old initiative to investigate the sustainability of the original content, and 2) semi-structured interviews with lecturers, course directors, and medical education coordinators involved in implementation, and with faculty tasked with developing the upcoming curricular redesign. Results and discussion Of the original implementation plan, the content was still present in nine of the 14 lectures. Themes determined from our conversations with involved faculty included the need for 1) a shared vision throughout the content arc, 2) further professional development for faculty, and 3) involvement of summative assessment for students and the content itself to ensure longevity. The interviews also highlighted the importance of developing climate-specific resources that fit within the school's new curricular priorities. This critical review can serve as a case study in curriculum to inform other schools undergoing similar changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Greenwald
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Olivia Blanchard
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Colleen Hayden
- The Leni and Peter W. May Department of Medical Education, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Perry Sheffield
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,Departments of Environmental Medicine, Public Health, and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Perry Sheffield ✉
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Cerceo E, Vasan N. Creating Environmental Health Leaders When Educators Are Learning Too. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL EDUCATION AND CURRICULAR DEVELOPMENT 2023; 10:23821205231219162. [PMID: 38130832 PMCID: PMC10734366 DOI: 10.1177/23821205231219162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The climate crisis is upon us, already exacting a health cost, with likely acceleration over our lifetimes. Our existing medical curricula do not adequately prepare medical students to deal with climate health nor to be leaders in the public health sphere. Current faculty have themselves not often been exposed to climate health training nor often to leadership training. This affords a unique opportunity for creative implementation of strategies to educate both faculty and students on how leadership skill building can complement the science and policy of climate health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Cerceo
- Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, Cooper University Healthcare, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
| | - Nagaswami Vasan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University, Camden, New Jersey, USA
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Redvers N, Faerron Guzmán CA, Parkes MW. Towards an educational praxis for planetary health: a call for transformative, inclusive, and integrative approaches for learning and relearning in the Anthropocene. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e77-e85. [PMID: 36608953 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00332-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Fuelled by the intersecting challenges of climate change, biodiversity loss, pollution, and profound social, economic, and environmental injustices, calls for new ways to work together for a healthy, just, and sustainable future are burgeoning. Consequently, there is a growing imperative and mandate across the higher education space for transformative, inclusive, integrative-and sometimes disruptive-approaches to learning that strengthen our capacity to work towards the goals and imperatives of planetary health. This educational transformation requires attention to pathways of societal, policy, and system change, prioritising different voices and perspectives across jurisdictions, cultures, and learning contexts. This Viewpoint seeks to explore the developing areas of education for planetary health, while additionally reflecting on a praxis for education in the Anthropocene that is rooted within the confluence of diverse knowledges and practice legacies that have paved the way to learning and relearning for planetary health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Redvers
- Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada; Arctic Indigenous Wellness Foundation, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | - Carlos A Faerron Guzmán
- Graduate School, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA; Planetary Health Alliance, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Margot W Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada; Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Mubareka S, Amuasi J, Banerjee A, Carabin H, Copper Jack J, Jardine C, Jaroszewicz B, Keefe G, Kotwa J, Kutz S, McGregor D, Mease A, Nicholson L, Nowak K, Pickering B, Reed MG, Saint-Charles J, Simonienko K, Smith T, Scott Weese J, Jane Parmley E. Strengthening a One Health approach to emerging zoonoses. Facets (Ott) 2023. [DOI: 10.1139/facets-2021-0190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the enormous global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in Canada, and manifold other zoonotic pathogen activity, there is a pressing need for a deeper understanding of the human-animal-environment interface and the intersecting biological, ecological, and societal factors contributing to the emergence, spread, and impact of zoonotic diseases. We aim to apply a One Health approach to pressing issues related to emerging zoonoses, and propose a functional framework of interconnected but distinct groups of recommendations around strategy and governance, technical leadership (operations), equity, education and research for a One Health approach and Action Plan for Canada. Change is desperately needed, beginning by reorienting our approach to health and recalibrating our perspectives to restore balance with the natural world in a rapid and sustainable fashion. In Canada, a major paradigm shift in how we think about health is required. All of society must recognize the intrinsic value of all living species and the importance of the health of humans, other animals, and ecosystems to health for all.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Amuasi
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ashanti Region, Ghana
| | | | | | - Joe Copper Jack
- Indigenous Knowledge Holder, Whitehorse, Yukon Territory, Canada
| | | | | | - Greg Keefe
- University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | | | - Susan Kutz
- University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Anne Mease
- Selkirk First Nation Citizen, Selkirk First Nation, Yukon Territory, Canada
| | | | | | - Brad Pickering
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Webb J, Raez-Villanueva S, Carrière PD, Beauchamp AA, Bell I, Day A, Elton S, Feagan M, Giacinti J, Kabemba Lukusa JP, Kingsbury C, Torres-Slimming PA, Bunch M, Clow K, Gislason MK, Parkes MW, Jane Parmley E, Poland B, Vaillancourt C. Transformative learning for a sustainable and healthy future through ecosystem approaches to health: insights from 15 years of co-designed ecohealth teaching and learning experiences. Lancet Planet Health 2023; 7:e86-e96. [PMID: 36608955 DOI: 10.1016/s2542-5196(22)00305-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents insights from the work of the Canadian Community of Practice in Ecosystem Approaches to Health (CoPEH-Canada) and 15 years (2008-2022) of land-based, transdisciplinary, learner-centred, transformative learning and training. We have oriented our learning approaches to Head, Hands, and Heart, which symbolise cognitive, psychomotor, and affective learning, respectively. Psychomotor and affective learning are necessary to grapple with and enact far-reaching structural changes (eg, decolonisation) needed to rekindle healthier, reciprocal relationships with nature and each other. We acknowledge that these approaches have been long understood by Indigenous colleagues and communities. We have developed a suite of teaching techniques and resources through an iterative and evolving pedagogy based on participatory approaches and operating reciprocal, research-pedagogical cycles; integrated different approaches and ways of knowing into our pedagogy; and built a networked Community of Practice for continued learning. Planetary health has become a dominant framing for health-ecosystem interactions. This Viewpoint underscores the depth of existing scholarship, collaboration, and pedagogical expertise in ecohealth teaching and learning that can inform planetary health education approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jena Webb
- Canadian Community of Practice in Ecosystem Approaches to Health, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | | | - Paul D Carrière
- Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QB, Canada
| | - Audrey-Anne Beauchamp
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isaac Bell
- Institute of the Environment, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Angela Day
- Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Sarah Elton
- Department of Sociology, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mathieu Feagan
- Department of Knowledge Integration, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada
| | - Jolene Giacinti
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | | | - Celia Kingsbury
- Département de Médecine sociale et préventive, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QB, Canada
| | - Paola A Torres-Slimming
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, Peru; Red Internacional América Latina, África, Europa, El Caríbe, Faculté des Lettres et Sciences Humaines, Université de Limoges, France
| | - Martin Bunch
- Faculty of Environmental & Urban Change, York University, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Katie Clow
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Maya K Gislason
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Margot W Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - E Jane Parmley
- Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cathy Vaillancourt
- Institut national de la recherche scientifique, Centre Armand Frappier Santé Biotechnologie, Laval, France
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Kutalek R, Lahlal M, Kaawa-Mafigiri D, Ryan-Coker M, Böll S, Parisi S, Cheah PY, Pritsch M. Putting global health high on the agenda of medical schools. Wien Med Wochenschr 2022; 173:131-137. [PMID: 36229742 PMCID: PMC9559117 DOI: 10.1007/s10354-022-00974-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this opinion paper, we reflect on global health and global health education as well as challenges that the coming generation are likely to face. As the field is rapidly changing, it is vital to critically reflect categories of “global south” and “global north” as geographical boundaries, and rather think in terms of inequalities that are present in all countries. Global perspectives on health are useful to analyze structural challenges faced in all health care systems and help understand the diversity of cultures and patients’ concepts of disease. We first discuss burning questions and important challenges in the field and how those challenges are tackled. Rather than going into detail on topical issues, we reflect on approaches and attitudes that we think are important in global health education and present opportunities and challenges for young scholars who are interested in working in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Kutalek
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Unit Medical Anthropology and Global Health, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Mina Lahlal
- Department of Trauma Surgery, Wilhelminenspital, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Kaawa-Mafigiri
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, School of Social Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Marcella Ryan-Coker
- Department of Surgery, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.,College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simone Böll
- Medical University of Vienna, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Unit Medical Anthropology and Global Health, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sandra Parisi
- Department for General Practice, Universitätsklinikum Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Phaik Yeong Cheah
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Michael Pritsch
- Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany
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Capetola T, Noy S, Patrick R. Planetary health pedagogy: Preparing health promoters for 21st-century environmental challenges. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 33 Suppl 1:17-21. [PMID: 35866385 PMCID: PMC9804771 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED Multiple interconnected drivers threaten the health and wellbeing of humans and the environment, including biodiversity loss, climate change, pollution, rapid urbanisation and displacement. This requires enhanced literacy on health of the environment and innovation in problem conceptualisation and cross-sectoral solutions. Contemporary mandates (eg, Ottawa Charter) task health promoters to tackle the human and environmental health crisis. To address the complex determinants across multiple settings, health promotion graduates require competencies in interdisciplinary collaboration grounded in systems thinking. They also require knowledge and agility to leverage multiple gains from health promotion action that benefits people and planet. Similarly, health promotion practitioners are currently aware of the need for skills to deliver co-benefits to people and planet. Planetary health, as theory and framework, provides a socio-ecological focus, systems thinking approach, co-benefits framework for action and foundational basis to enhance health promotion graduates' skills and competencies to address multiple health and planetary challenges. To date, there have been limited practical attempts to address these challenges. METHOD A desktop review and synthesis of teaching and learning scholarship in planetary health were coupled with iterative critical reflections of teaching practice, and the use of two case studies, to illuminate innovations in health promotion competencies. RESULTS Two examples of how planetary health promotion challenges are addressed through teaching and learning scholarship are presented to illustrate the use of a tailored sustainability tool and a deliberative interdisciplinary approach to collaboration, delivered within a course that constructively aligns curriculum content and assessment. CONCLUSION A bespoke model, the Sustainability Wheel of Fortune, combined with constructive interactive teaching approaches, adds interdisciplinary collaboration and systems thinking approaches to the knowledge and practice of planetary health. A postgraduate microcredential fast-tracks knowledge and skills acquisition for recent graduates and established practitioners interested in upskilling for planning planet and population health co-benefits. SO WHAT?: The Sustainability Wheel of Fortune provides health promotion students with a model for understanding, and addressing, complex global and local challenges. The microcredential builds on health promotion competencies to develop interdisciplinary and systems-based approaches to planetary health challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Capetola
- School of Health and Social DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVICAustralia
| | - Sue Noy
- School of Health and Social DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVICAustralia
| | - Rebecca Patrick
- School of Health and Social DevelopmentDeakin UniversityGeelongVICAustralia
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12
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Hickman AC, Johnson RL, Lawler SP. Health-promoting pedagogy: Using reflexivity to support learning and action in planetary health education. Health Promot J Austr 2022; 33 Suppl 1:22-26. [PMID: 35922693 PMCID: PMC9826018 DOI: 10.1002/hpja.648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
ISSUE ADDRESSED International competencies for health promotion education require ethical practice that is supported by reflexive health promotion practitioners, yet professional bodies do not codify how health promotion curriculum should support students' skill development in reflexive practice. METHODS Reflexivity in teaching and learning was scaffolded through short, progressive reflective blogs assessments, supportive feedback/feedforward mechanisms, and nested assessment design. RESULTS Student feedback is offered to demonstrate the impact of reflexive pedagogy in health promotion education. CONCLUSION Reflexivity in teaching and learning supports students in learning the role of health promotion in planetary health and developing skills in planetary health advocacy. SO WHAT Explicitly teaching the practice and process of critical reflexivity can help students develop personal insight, support professional practice, and promote positive change in the health of people and our planet.
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Li W, Li L. Exploration and Analysis of Educational History from the Perspective of Educational Environmental History and Environmental History. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 2022:3366343. [PMID: 35967474 PMCID: PMC9365606 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3366343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of environmental historiography, for the first time, organically combined the history of the environment and human history and began to pay attention to the close relationship between human social changes and environmental changes. This paper explores the impact of environmental history on education from the perspective of environmental history. This paper explores and analyzes the history of the educational environment from the perspective of environmental history and studies the laws and characteristics behind the evolution of the relationship between education and environment. This paper analyzes the influence of environmental history on the three views of college students under environmental education. Further analysis of educational environmental history is improved to improve the three views of college students and promote the social development of research significance. The study of educational environmental history is of great significance to enlarge the field of educational history research, enrich the content of educational history research, and perfect the discipline construction of educational history. At the same time, the environmental perspective and ecological consciousness of educational environmental history research are the embodiment and adherence of Marxist historical materialism and environmental view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Graduate School, University of Perpetual Help System DALTA, Las Piñas 1740, Philippines
| | - Li Li
- Graduate School, University of Perpetual Help System DALTA, Las Piñas 1740, Philippines
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14
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Buse CG, Allison S, Cole DC, Fumerton R, Parkes MW, Woollard RF. Patient- and Community-Oriented Primary Care Approaches for Health in Rural, Remote and Resource-Dependent Places: Insights for Eco-Social Praxis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:867397. [PMID: 35692331 PMCID: PMC9178183 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.867397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Accelerating ecological and societal changes require re-imagining the role of primary care and public health to address eco-social concerns in rural and remote places. In this narrative review, we searched literatures on: community-oriented primary care, patient-oriented research engagement, public health and primary care synergies, and primary care addressing social determinants of health. Our analysis was guided by questions oriented to utility for addressing concerns of social-ecological systems in rural, remote contexts characterized by a high degree of reliance on resource extraction and development (e.g., forestry, mining, oil and gas, fisheries, agriculture, ranching and/or renewables). We describe a range of useful frameworks, processes and tools that are oriented toward bolstering the resilience and engagement of both primary care and public health, though few explicitly incorporated considerations of eco-social approaches to health or broader eco-social context(s). In synthesizing the existing evidence base for integration between primary care and public health, the results signal that for community-oriented primary care and related frameworks to be useful in rural and remote community settings, practitioners are required to grapple with complexity, durable relationships, sustainable resources, holistic approaches to clinician training, Indigenous perspectives, and governance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris G. Buse
- Centre for Environmental Assessment Research, University of British Columbia (Okanagan Campus), Kelowna, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Chris G. Buse
| | | | - Donald C. Cole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Margot Winifred Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Robert F. Woollard
- Department of Family Practice, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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15
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Onabola CO, Andrews N, Gislason MK, Harder HG, Parkes MW. Exploring Cross-Sectoral Implications of the Sustainable Development Goals: Towards a Framework for Integrating Health Equity Perspectives With the Land-Water-Energy Nexus. Public Health Rev 2022; 43:1604362. [PMID: 35646419 PMCID: PMC9131490 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1604362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: To assess existing evidence and identify gaps in the integrative framework of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for their potential to advance cross-sectoral perspectives and actions that connect health equity with the land-water-energy nexus in a watershed context.Methods: Five bibliographic databases were searched from 2016 to 2021. This yielded an initial 226 publications, which were screened for titles, abstracts, and full texts on DistillerSR; resulting in a final 30 publications that were studied. These keywords defined the search terms: “health equity,” “SDGs,” “watershed,” “resource nexus,” and “cross-sectoral.”Results: Thematic syntheses of debates and gaps point to the relevance of the SDGs as a cross-sectoral, integrative platform for place-based programming of the land-water-energy nexus, and to account for negative externalities and cascaded impacts on human and environmental health.Conclusion: For the purpose of monitoring health equity in the contexts of interactions of land, water, and energy in rural, remote, and Indigenous contexts, and on the basis of the SDGs, this paper generates evidence to inform health equity-oriented policies, programs and practices, and to enhance health for equity-seeking populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana O. Onabola
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Christiana O. Onabola,
| | - Nathan Andrews
- Department of Global and International Studies, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Maya K. Gislason
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Henry G. Harder
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Margot W. Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
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16
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Tu'itahi S, Watson H, Egan R, Parkes MW, Hancock T. Waiora: the importance of Indigenous worldviews and spirituality to inspire and inform Planetary Health Promotion in the Anthropocene. Glob Health Promot 2021; 28:73-82. [PMID: 34931576 PMCID: PMC8821976 DOI: 10.1177/17579759211062261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We now live in a new geological age, the Anthropocene – the age of humans – the start of which coincides with the founding of the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) 70 years ago. In this article, we address the fundamental challenge facing health promotion in its next 70 years, which takes us almost to 2100: how do we achieve planetary health? We begin with a brief overview of the massive and rapid global ecological changes we face, the social, economic and technological driving forces behind those changes, and their health implications. At the heart of these driving forces lie a set of core values that are incompatible with planetary health. Central to our argument is the need for a new set of values, which heed and privilege the wisdom of Indigenous worldviews, as well as a renewed sense of spirituality that can re-establish a reverence for nature. We propose an Indigenous-informed framing to inspire and inform what we call planetary health promotion so that, as the United Nations Secretary General wrote recently, we can make peace with nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sione Tu'itahi
- Health Promotion Forum of New Zealand/Runanga Whakapiki Ake i te Hauora o Aotearoa (HPF), New Zealand
| | - Huti Watson
- Ngati Porou Hauora Trust, Te Puia Springs, New Zealand
| | - Richard Egan
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine/Te Tari Hauora Tūmatanui, Dunedin School of Medicine/Te Kura Hauora O Ōtepoti, University of Otago/Te Whare Wānanga O Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Margot W Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Trevor Hancock
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada
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17
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Coghlan S, Coghlan BJ, Capon A, Singer P. A bolder One Health: expanding the moral circle to optimize health for all. ONE HEALTH OUTLOOK 2021; 3:21. [PMID: 34872624 PMCID: PMC8650417 DOI: 10.1186/s42522-021-00053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
One Health is a ground-breaking philosophy for improving health. It imaginatively challenges centuries-old assumptions about wellbeing and is now widely regarded as the 'best solution' for mitigating human health problems, including pandemic zoonotic diseases. One Health's success is imperative because without big changes to the status quo, great suffering and ill-health will follow. However, even in its more ambitious guises, One Health is not radical enough. For example, it has not embraced the emerging philosophical view that historical anthropocentrism is an unfounded ethical prejudice against other animals. This paper argues that One Health should be more imaginative and adventurous in its core philosophy and ultimately in its recommendations and activities. It must expand the circle of moral concern beyond a narrow focus on human interests to include nonhuman beings and the environment. On this bolder agenda, progressive ethical and practical thinking converge for the benefit of the planet and its diverse inhabitants-human and nonhuman.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anthony Capon
- Monash Sustainable Development Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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18
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Hoare E, Collins S, Marx W, Callaly E, Moxham-Smith R, Cuijpers P, Holte A, Nierenberg AA, Reavley N, Christensen H, Reynolds CF, Carvalho AF, Jacka F, Berk M. Universal depression prevention: An umbrella review of meta-analyses. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 144:483-493. [PMID: 34768070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a disabling, highly prevalent, frequently chronic, and difficult-to-treat disorder with an immense cognitive, social, and economic burden. Given that many of the advances in other non-communicable disorders like cancer have been in prevention rather than treatment, the prevention of depression is currently an unmet public health priority. We sought to provide an overview of the meta-analytic literature through conducting a systematic umbrella review of universally delivered preventive interventions for depression. The search was conducted on March 18, 2021 utilising the following databases (all accessed through EBSCOHost); Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, CINAHL Complete, Global Health, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE Complete and APA PsychArticles. The following search terms related to depression, prevention, and trial study design. Two authors independently screened articles and a third resolved discrepancies. Eligibility criteria sought to identify meta-analyses that investigated the prevention of depression (i.e., reduced incidence) through intervention studies that were universal, in that they were designed to be delivered to entire populations Six meta-analyses on psychological interventions, two school-based meta-analyses, and one eHealth meta-analysis were included in this umbrella review. Findings indicated that all identified studies were of good quality and one was of fair quality. One previous meta-review that examined physical activity to prevent depression was included in results, comprising eight meta-analyses. Preventive interventions have primarily and successfully utilized psychological therapeutic components, delivered at the school, community, and workplace settings. Both school- and eHealth-based interventions hold some utility for depression prevention. There is meta-analytic evidence that physical activity is efficacious for depression prevention. However, universal prevention is inconsistently defined. There is a pressing need for well-designed randomized controlled preventative interventions for depression before recommendations can be universally accepted with convincing level of evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin Hoare
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia.
| | - Sam Collins
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Wolfgang Marx
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Edward Callaly
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Ryan Moxham-Smith
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia
| | - Pim Cuijpers
- Department of Clinical, Neuro and Developmental Psychology, Centre for Mental Health, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arne Holte
- Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Andrew A Nierenberg
- Dauten Family Center for Bipolar Treatment Innovation, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA
| | - Nicola Reavley
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Charles F Reynolds
- University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Medicine and Graduate School of Public Health, Mindstrong, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Andre F Carvalho
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Centre of Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Felice Jacka
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
| | - Michael Berk
- Deakin University, IMPACT - the Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation, School of Medicine, Barwon Health, Geelong, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, Parkville, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, Australia
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19
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Gallagher CA, Keehner JR, Hervé-Claude LP, Stephen C. Health promotion and harm reduction attributes in One Health literature: A scoping review. One Health 2021; 13:100284. [PMID: 34381864 PMCID: PMC8339253 DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2021.100284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One Health faces enormous pressure and challenges as it attempts to mitigate dynamic, surprising and complex global events that threaten the health and sustainability of human and animal populations and the biosphere. One Health practitioners and researchers need every advantage to developing working solutions to the world's imminent complex issues. Heath promotion and harm reduction, interrelated approaches that have seen much success over decades of use in global public health, may be important models to consider. Both use an upstream socioecological determinant of health approach to reach beyond the health sector in all health efforts, and encourage active community participation and empowerment to attain and sustain human and ecological health. This scoping review of 411 documents, believed to be the first to relate health promotion and harm reduction to One Health, searched self-declared One Health research literature for evidence of health promotion and harm reduction policies, principles and methodologies. It sought to answer the questions: "What is the scope of practice of One Health in self-declared One Health publications?" and "Are attributes of health promotion and harm reduction found in self-declared One Health-reviewed research literature?" Over half of the papers revealed no health promotion or harm reduction attributes while 7% were well-endowed with these attributes. These 7% of papers focused on deep-seated, complex health issues with systemic knowledge gaps and decision-making issues revolving around specific population vulnerabilities, social inequities and competing stakeholders. Implementing 'on the ground change' was a common theme in the strongest health promotion/harm reduction papers we identified. Alternatively, papers lacking health promotion or harm reduction attributes focused on managing proximate risks, primarily for infectious diseases. The addition of health promotion and harm reduction to One Health practices may help the field rise to the growing expectations for its involvement in complex global issues like pandemics and climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christa A Gallagher
- Center for Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Main Street, West Farm, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Jon R Keehner
- Center for Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Main Street, West Farm, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Luis Pablo Hervé-Claude
- One Health Center for Zoonoses and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Main Street, West Farm, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Craig Stephen
- Center for Conservation Medicine and Ecosystem Health, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Main Street, West Farm, Saint Kitts and Nevis.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
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20
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The National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy in times of COVID-19: Building skills to "Build Back Better". ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 47:232-236. [PMID: 34035671 DOI: 10.14745/ccdr.v47i04a08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This article, the second in a series on the six National Collaborating Centres for Public Health, focuses on the National Collaborating Centre for Healthy Public Policy (NCCHPP), a centre of expertise, and knowledge synthesis and sharing that supports public health actors in Canada in their efforts to develop and promote healthy public policy. The article briefly describes the NCCHPP's mandate and programming, noting some of the resources that are particularly relevant in the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) context. It then discusses how the NCCHPP's programming has been adapted to meet the changing needs of public health actors throughout the pandemic. These needs have been strongly tied to decisions aimed at containing the spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and mitigating its immediate impacts in various societal sectors since the beginning of the crisis. Needs have also gradually emerged related to how public health is expected to help inform the development of public policies that will allow us to "build back better" societies as we recover from the pandemic. The article concludes by discussing the orientation of the NCCHPP's future work as we emerge from the COVID-19 crisis.
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21
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Niang M, Dupéré S, Alami H, Gagnon MP. Why is repositioning public health innovation towards a social paradigm necessary? A reflection on the field of public health through the examples of Ebola and Covid-19. Global Health 2021; 17:46. [PMID: 33853631 PMCID: PMC8045578 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-021-00695-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Health innovations are generally oriented on a techno-economic vision. In this perspective, technologies are seen as an end in themselves, and there is no arrangement between the technical and the social values of innovation. This vision prevails in sanitary crises, in which management is carried out based on the search for punctual, reactive, and technical solutions to remedy a specific problem without a systemic/holistic, sustainable, or proactive approach. This paper attempts to contribute to the literature on the epistemological orientation of innovations in the field of public health. Taking the Covid-19 and Ebola crises as examples, the primary objective is to show how innovation in health is oriented towards a techno-economic paradigm. Second, we propose a repositioning of public health innovation towards a social paradigm that will put more emphasis on the interaction between social and health dimensions in the perspective of social change. We will conclude by highlighting the roles that public health could play in allowing innovations to have more social value, especially during sanitary crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marietou Niang
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Université Laval, 1050, Avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Sophie Dupéré
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Université Laval, 1050, Avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - Hassane Alami
- Center for Public Health Research, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec Canada
| | - Marie-Pierre Gagnon
- Faculty of Nursing Science, Université Laval, 1050, Avenue de la Médecine, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Québec, QC G1V 0A6 Canada
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22
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Brisbois B, Hoogeveen D, Allison S, Cole D, Fyfe TM, Harder HG, Parkes MW. Storylines of research on resource extraction and health in Canada: A modified metanarrative synthesis. Soc Sci Med 2021; 277:113899. [PMID: 33895709 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.113899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Patterns of research on resource extraction's health effects display problematic gaps and underlying assumptions, indicating a need to situate health knowledge production in the context of disciplinary, corporate and neocolonial influences and structures. This paper reports on a modified metanarrative synthesis of 'storylines' of research on resource extraction and health in the Canadian context. Peer-reviewed articles on mining or petroleum extraction and health published between 2000 and 2018 and dealing with Canadian populations or policies (n = 87) were identified through a systematic literature search. Coding identified main disciplinary traditions, methodologies and approaches for judging high-quality research. Underlying assumptions were analyzed in terms of models of health and well-being; resource extraction's political economic drivers; and representations of Indigenous peoples, territories and concerns. Findings included a preponderance of occupational and environmental health studies; frequent presentation of resource extraction without political economic antecedents, and as a major contributor to Canadian society; sustainable development aspirations to mitigate health impacts through voluntary private-sector governance activities; representations of Indigenous peoples and concerns ranging from complete absence to engagement with legacies of historical trauma and environmental dispossession; and indictment of corporate (especially asbestos industry) and government malfeasance in a subset of studies. Canada's world-leading mining sector, petroleum reserves and population health traditions, coupled with colonial legacies in both domestic and overseas mining and petroleum development, make these insights relevant to broader efforts for health equity in relation to resource extraction. They suggest a need for strengthened application of the precautionary principle in relation to resource extraction; nuanced attention to corporate influences on the production of health science; more profound challenges to dominant economic development models; and extension of well-intentioned efforts of researchers and policymakers working within flawed institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Brisbois
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
| | - Dawn Hoogeveen
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada; Geography Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Sandra Allison
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada; School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada; Northern Health Authority, Prince George, BC, Canada; Vancouver Island Health Authority, Nanaimo, BC, Canada
| | - Donald Cole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Trina M Fyfe
- Northern Medical Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Henry G Harder
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | - Margot W Parkes
- School of Health Sciences, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada; Northern Medical Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, BC, Canada
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23
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Shaw E, Walpole S, McLean M, Alvarez-Nieto C, Barna S, Bazin K, Behrens G, Chase H, Duane B, El Omrani O, Elf M, Faerron Guzmán CA, Falceto de Barros E, Gibbs TJ, Groome J, Hackett F, Harden J, Hothersall EJ, Hourihane M, Huss NM, Ikiugu M, Joury E, Leedham-Green K, MacKenzie-Shalders K, Madden DL, McKimm J, Nayna Schwerdtle P, Peters S, Redvers N, Sheffield P, Singleton J, Tun S, Woollard R. AMEE Consensus Statement: Planetary health and education for sustainable healthcare. MEDICAL TEACHER 2021; 43:272-286. [PMID: 33602043 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1860207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this Consensus Statement is to provide a global, collaborative, representative and inclusive vision for educating an interprofessional healthcare workforce that can deliver sustainable healthcare and promote planetary health. It is intended to inform national and global accreditation standards, planning and action at the institutional level as well as highlight the role of individuals in transforming health professions education. Many countries have agreed to 'rapid, far-reaching and unprecedented changes' to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 45% within 10 years and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, including in healthcare. Currently, however, health professions graduates are not prepared for their roles in achieving these changes. Thus, to reduce emissions and meet the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), health professions education must equip undergraduates, and those already qualified, with the knowledge, skills, values, competence and confidence they need to sustainably promote the health, human rights and well-being of current and future generations, while protecting the health of the planet.The current imperative for action on environmental issues such as climate change requires health professionals to mobilize politically as they have before, becoming strong advocates for major environmental, social and economic change. A truly ethical relationship with people and the planet that we inhabit so precariously, and to guarantee a future for the generations which follow, demands nothing less of all health professionals.This Consensus Statement outlines the changes required in health professions education, approaches to achieve these changes and a timeline for action linked to the internationally agreed SDGs. It represents the collective vision of health professionals, educators and students from various health professions, geographic locations and cultures. 'Consensus' implies broad agreement amongst all individuals engaged in discussion on a specific issue, which in this instance, is agreement by all signatories of this Statement developed under the auspices of the Association for Medical Education in Europe (AMEE).To ensure a shared understanding and to accurately convey information, we outline key terms in a glossary which accompanies this Consensus Statement (Supplementary Appendix 1). We acknowledge, however, that terms evolve and that different terms resonate variably depending on factors such as setting and audience. We define education for sustainable healthcare as the process of equipping current and future health professionals with the knowledge, values, confidence and capacity to provide environmentally sustainable services through health professions education. We define a health professional as a person who has gained a professional qualification for work in the health system, whether in healthcare delivery, public health or a management or supporting role and education as 'the system comprising structures, curricula, faculty and activities contributing to a learning process'. This Statement is relevant to the full continuum of training - from undergraduate to postgraduate and continuing professional development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Shaw
- Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Sarah Walpole
- Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare, Oxford, UK
| | - Michelle McLean
- Faculty of Health Sciences & Medicine, Bond University, Gold Coast, Australia
| | | | - Stefi Barna
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate Bazin
- Department of Physiotherapy, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Georgia Behrens
- School of Medicine Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Brett Duane
- School of Dentistry, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Omnia El Omrani
- International Federation of Medical Students' Associations, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie Elf
- School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Department of Nursing, Dalarna University, Falun, Sweden
| | - Carlos A Faerron Guzmán
- Planetary Health Alliance, Harvard University T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jonny Groome
- Greener Anaesthesia & Sustainability Project, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
| | - Finola Hackett
- University of Calgary, CFMS Health and Environment, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeni Harden
- University of Edinburgh Usher Institute of Population Health Sciences and Informatics, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Maca Hourihane
- Irish Society of Chartered Physiotherapists Special Interest Group for Healthcare Professionals in International Health and Development and Irish Red Cross Society, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Moses Ikiugu
- Occupational Therapy, University of South Dakota School of Health Sciences, Vermillion, SD, USA
| | - Easter Joury
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Kathleen Leedham-Green
- Medical Education Research Unit, Imperial College London Faculty of Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Diana Lynne Madden
- School of Medicine Sydney, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia
| | - Judy McKimm
- Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, UK
| | | | | | - Nicole Redvers
- Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Perry Sheffield
- Departments of Environmental Medicine and Public Health and Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Judith Singleton
- Pharmacy, School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - SanYuMay Tun
- Imperial College London Centre for Environmental Policy, London, UK
| | - Robert Woollard
- Family Practice, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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24
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Kenyon C. Emergence of zoonoses such as COVID-19 reveals the need for health sciences to embrace an explicit eco-social conceptual framework of health and disease. Epidemics 2020; 33:100410. [PMID: 33152622 PMCID: PMC7577274 DOI: 10.1016/j.epidem.2020.100410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
An accurate understanding of why zoonoses such as SARS-CoV-2 are emerging at an increased rate, is vital to prevent future pandemics from the approximately 700,000 viruses with zoonotic potential. Certain authors have argued that the consumption of wildlife, or human contact with bats was responsible for the emergence of SARS-CoV-2. Others argue that a range of anthropogenic environmental degradations have played a vital role in the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and other zoonoses. In this opinion piece, I argue that these divergent viewpoints stem, in part, from different foundational conceptual frameworks - biomedical individualist and eco-social frameworks, respectively. Based on the fact that the eco-social framework provides a more complete account of the different types of causal factors underpinning the emergence of zoonoses, I propose that the COVID-19 pandemic provides an additional reason for the health sciences to ground its theory of health and disease in an eco-social conceptual framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Kenyon
- HIV/STI Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, University of Cape Town, Anzio Road, Observatory 7700, South Africa.
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25
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Di Ruggiero E, Papadopoulos A, Steinberg M, Blais R, Frandsen N, Valcour J, Penney G. Strengthening collaborations at the public health system-academic interface: a call to action. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:921-925. [PMID: 33175335 PMCID: PMC7656888 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00436-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In Canada and globally, the COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of reliable and responsive public health systems. The pandemic has required decisive leadership and collaboration across all sectors of society informed by the best available evidence. In this commentary, we argue that in order to create a robust public health system equipped to address current and future public health challenges, we must prioritize and invest in stronger relationships between public health practice and academia. We briefly review key recommendations following the SARS outbreak, particularly those calling for stronger linkages between public health academia and practice settings in Canada. We then propose key actions for strengthening these linkages. Echoing other COVID-19-related calls, which request long-term reinvestment in public health education and training, we recommend the following actions: (1) Improve collaboration between education programs and public health agencies to address system needs (e.g., surge capacity) and persisting health inequities; (2) Fund a pan-Canadian public health training initiative that builds on a renewed set of public health competencies to address priority training needs (e.g., equity-oriented leadership); and (3) Prepare a cadre of certified public health leaders who can progress along public health career pathways, including those already in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Di Ruggiero
- Social and Behavioural Health Sciences Division & Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, Suite 408, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Andrew Papadopoulos
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Population Medicine Building, Room 212, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Malcolm Steinberg
- Public Health Programs, Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Blusson Hall, Rm 11018, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Régis Blais
- School of Public Health, Université de Montréal, PO Box 6128, Station Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Natalie Frandsen
- School of Public Health and Social Policy, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - James Valcour
- Division of Community Health and Humanities, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Greg Penney
- Canadian Public Health Association, 404-1525 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1Z 8R9, Canada
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26
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Poland B, Mashford-Pringle A, Bowra A. Many lenses for planetary health: seeding citizen engagement for sustainable futures visioning with new ways of seeing. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:901-911. [PMID: 33140230 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This pilot project sought to seed citizen engagement processes for sustainable futures visioning with ideas, perspectives, and processes informed by Indigenous ways of knowing. METHODS Five circle dialogues were convened with students, faculty, and members of the public, in the spring of 2019, using Indigenous talking circle methodology and intentionally seeded with "disruptive" ideas to encourage reflexivity and open space for "out-of-the-box" thinking. These were complemented by a series of one-on-one dialogues with members of the pan-Canadian research team. Pre- and post-dialogue surveys, notes taken by participants, team members, and co-facilitators, as well as notes from one-on-one interviews, constituted the data drawn upon for this paper. RESULTS Participants were overwhelmingly positive about their experience, noting they were able to go further and deeper in their thinking and listening, and that they valued the Indigenous talking circle methodology, even if they stopped short of claiming the experience had transformed their way of seeing the world. Key points raised in the dialogues included the need for a more relational worldview, the need to repair severed relations with the land and nature, the importance of Indigenous ways of knowing, the importance of community building, and the need to question the fundamental assumptions undergirding contemporary Western societies. CONCLUSIONS While caution must be exercised in drawing conclusions and extrapolating from this modest pilot project, our experience underscores the value of processes that intentionally catalyze critical reflexivity and openness to other ways of seeing, informed by Indigenous ways of knowing and talking circle methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake Poland
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.
| | - Angela Mashford-Pringle
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.,Waakebiness-Bryce Institute for Indigenous Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrea Bowra
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, 155 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5T 3M7, Canada.,Waakebiness-Bryce Institute for Indigenous Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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27
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Barna S, Maric F, Simons J, Kumar S, Blankestijn PJ. Education for the Anthropocene: Planetary health, sustainable health care, and the health workforce. MEDICAL TEACHER 2020; 42:1091-1096. [PMID: 32805141 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1798914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few centuries, human activity has wrought dramatic changes in the natural systems that support human life. Planetary health is a useful concept for health profession education (HPE) teaching and practice because it situates health within a broader understanding of the interdependent socio-ecological drivers of human and planetary health. It facilitates novel ways of protecting both population health and the natural environment on which human health and well-being depends. This paper focuses on the climate crisis as an example of the relationship between environmental change, healthcare, and education. We analyze how HPE can help decarbonize the healthcare sector to address both climate change and inequity in health outcomes. Based on the healthcare practitioner's mandate of beneficence, we propose simple learning objectives to equip HPE graduates with the knowledge, skills, and values to create a sustainable health system, using carbon emission reductions as an example. These learning objectives can be integrated into HPE without adding unduly to the curriculum load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefi Barna
- Centre for Sustainable Healthcare, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Primary Care and Public Health, Queen Mary University, London, UK
| | - Filip Maric
- Environmental Physiotherapy Association, Oslo, Norway
| | - Julia Simons
- University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Shashank Kumar
- School of Arts and Sciences, Azim Premji University, Bengaluru, India
- Ontario Institute for Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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28
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McKimm J, Redvers N, El Omrani O, Parkes MW, Elf M, Woollard R. Education for sustainable healthcare: Leadership to get from here to there. MEDICAL TEACHER 2020; 42:1123-1127. [PMID: 32776858 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1795104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The current global crises, including climate, COVID-19, and environmental change, requires global collective action at all scales. These broad socio-ecological challenges require the engagement of diverse perspectives and ways of knowing and the meaningful engagement of all generations and stages of personal and professional development. The combination of systems thinking, change management, quality improvement approaches and models, appreciative/strength-based approaches, narratives, storytelling and the strengths of Indigenous knowledges, offer synergies and potential that can set the stage for transformative, strengths-based education for sustainable healthcare (ESH). The need for strong leadership to enact a vision for ESH is outlined here with the intent to enable and nurture the conditions for change, ultimately improving health and well-being across generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy McKimm
- Swansea University Medical School, Swansea, UK
| | - Nicole Redvers
- University of North Dakota School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Omnia El Omrani
- International Federation of Medical Students' Association (IFMSA), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Margot W Parkes
- University of Northern British Columbia School of Health Sciences and Northern Medical Program, Prince George, Canada
| | - Marie Elf
- Dalarna University School of Education, Health and Social Studies, Falun, Sweden
| | - Robert Woollard
- Department of Family Practice, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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29
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Omrani OE, Dafallah A, Paniello Castillo B, Amaro BQRC, Taneja S, Amzil M, Sajib MRUZ, Ezzine T. Envisioning planetary health in every medical curriculum: An international medical student organization's perspective. MEDICAL TEACHER 2020; 42:1107-1111. [PMID: 32757869 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2020.1796949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With deteriorating ecosystems, the health of mankind is at risk. Future health care professionals must be trained to recognize the interdependence of health and ecosystems to address the needs of their patients and communities. Health issues related to, e.g. climate change and air pollution, are not, however, generally included in medical education. OBJECTIVES To assess the inclusion of climate change and air pollution in medical curricula and to guide the International Federation of Medical Students' Associations' (IFMSA) Vision of Climate Change in the Medical Curriculum. METHODS A study comprising three surveys (March 2019, August 2019, March 2020) explored medical students' perceptions of the current status of formal and non-formal elements of climate change and air pollution and health in their medical programs. RESULTS Respondents originated from 2817 medical schools in 112 countries. Only 15% of medical schools have incorporated climate change and health into the curriculum. Students led climate-related activities in an additional 12% of medical schools. With regard to air pollution and health, only 11% of medical schools have formal education on the topic. CONCLUSIONS It is crucial to acknowledge the current omissions from medical curricula and the importance of meaningful student involvement in curriculum transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia El Omrani
- International Federation of Medical Students' Association, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alaa Dafallah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | | | | | - Sanjana Taneja
- Lady Hardinge Medical College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Marouane Amzil
- Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie de Casablanca, University Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Md Refat Uz-Zaman Sajib
- Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tarek Ezzine
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
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30
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Gardner C, Cole DC, Ryan L. Public health for the hunter-gatherer in us all. Canadian Journal of Public Health 2020; 111:701-704. [PMID: 32761544 PMCID: PMC7408970 DOI: 10.17269/s41997-020-00341-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
In evolutionary terms, the transformations which humans have engendered in social, ecological and built environments are increasingly out of step with their biological makeup. We briefly review the evidence on health-relevant practices and status of our Paleolithic ancestors and contrast these with current food, transportation, work and governance systems with their associated impacts on human health. As public health and planning practitioners engaged in the EcoHealth Ontario Collaborative, we argue for recognition of our hunter-gatherer nature to promote joint efforts in building sustainable and equitable community infrastructures, both built and green. Although such efforts are underway at multiple jurisdictional levels across Canada, the pace is frustratingly slow for the burden of endemic chronic diseases and global environmental change which humans face. Reminding reluctant stakeholders of the hunter-gatherers in us all could bring about deeper reflection on the urgent work in redirecting community planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gardner
- Simcoe Muskoka District Health Unit, 15 Sperling Drive, Barrie, Ontario, L4M 6K9, Canada.
| | - Donald C Cole
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Health Sciences Building, 155 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 3M7, Canada
| | - Loretta Ryan
- Association of Local Public Health Agencies (alPHa), 480 University Avenue, Suite 300, Toronto, ON, M5G 1V2, Canada
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