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Ojha S, Bhargava A, Bhargava A, Singh S, Yadav S. Oral health assessment and treatment needs of 12- and 15-year-old children residing in tribal welfare and private hostels - A comparative study. J Family Med Prim Care 2024; 13:1303-1310. [PMID: 38827660 PMCID: PMC11141977 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1283_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Oral health is an integral part of general health. Providing oral health care facilities and creating awareness about the oral health problem in under-served children and communities may lead to a better oral-health-related quality of life of the individual. The present study aims to assess and compare the oral health status and treatment needs of 12- and 15-year-old children residing in tribal welfare hostels and other private hostels of Bhopal district, Madhya Pradesh. Materials and Methods The present descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of a total sample size of 800 children, 400 in each group (tribal welfare hostel and private hostel groups). Oral health status and treatment needs were assessed using World Health Organization proforma 1997. Oral health behavior including health of teeth and gums, oral hygiene aids, brushing frequency, consumption of sweets in between meals, and present general and oral health was assessed. Utilization of dental services was also assessed using a pre-designed questionnaire, which was completed by the study participants. Results Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square test. Significant differences were noted between the groups in regarding oral health behaviors and visit to a dentist during the past 12 months (P = 0.002*), which were lower in tribal children. Tribal children were having higher dental fluorosis as compared to the private hostel children (P = 0.043*). Decay in permanent teeth (P = 0.006*) and missing of permanent teeth (P = 0.05*) were higher among tribal children. Conclusion The present study revealed a poor oral health status and treatment needs of tribal children. Tribal children were having higher dental fluorosis as compared to the private hostel children. Decay in permanent teeth and missing of permanent teeth were higher among tribal children. Oral health behaviors and utilization of dental services were lower in tribal children. Good oral health has a definitive influence on general health and thus contributes to self-image and social interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Ojha
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Private Clinician, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ananya Bhargava
- Assistant Professor, Department of Dentistry, Ruxmaniben Deepchand Gardi Medical College, Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Apoorva Bhargava
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,Consultant Endodontist, New Delhi, India
| | - Swapnil Singh
- Department of Periodontics, Senior Resident, Anugrah Narayan Magadh Medical College, Gaya (Bihar) Bihar, India
| | - Siddhi Yadav
- Reader, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, People’s College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Martín-Rodríguez A, Bustamante-Sánchez Á, Martínez-Guardado I, Navarro-Jiménez E, Plata-SanJuan E, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Infancy Dietary Patterns, Development, and Health: An Extensive Narrative Review. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9071072. [PMID: 35884056 PMCID: PMC9319947 DOI: 10.3390/children9071072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Correct dietary patterns are important for a child’s health from birth to adulthood. Understanding a child’s health as a state of entire physical, mental, and social well-being is essential. However, reaching adulthood in a complete health proper state is determined by feeding and dietary habits during preconception, pregnancy, or children infancy. Different factors, such as the mother’s lifestyle, culture, or socioeconomic status, are crucial during all these phases. In this review, we aimed to assess the long-term associations between infancy dietary patterns and health and their influence on development and growth. To reach this objective, a consensus critical review was carried out using primary sources such as scientific articles, and secondary bibliographic indexes, databases, and web pages. PubMed, SciELO, and Google Scholar were the tools used to complete this research. We found that high-income countries promote high-calorie foods and, consequently, obesity problems among children are rising. However, undernutrition is a global health issue concerning children in low- and middle-income countries; thus, parental socioeconomic status in early life is essential to children’s health and development, showing that biological, social, and environmental influences are increased risk factors for chronic diseases. This narrative review is aimed to collect evidence for early nutritional intervention and future disease prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Álvaro Bustamante-Sánchez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Correspondence: (Á.B.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.); Fax: +34-911-413-585 (J.F.T.-A.)
| | | | | | | | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Correspondence: (Á.B.-S.); (J.F.T.-A.); Fax: +34-911-413-585 (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (V.J.C.-S.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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Kumar G, Rai S, Jalaluddin M, Tripathi RM, Bagchi A, Tiwari R. Assessment of oral health status and treatment needs amongst the tribals residing in Northern Bhubaneswar, Odisha. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:3051-3055. [PMID: 34660446 PMCID: PMC8483115 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_420_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Odisha has the third highest percentage of tribal population in India. This study was conducted to evaluate the oral health status and treatment needs of tribal population residing in northern Bhubaneswar. Material and Methods: A crosssectional household survey was conducted using the modified WHO Oral Health Assessment Form (2013). Cluster random sampling technique was employed. Type III clinical examination was done. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi square test, t test and ANOVA. Results: A total of 877 participants were examined out of which 589 were males and 288 females with age ranging from 2–74 years. The mean dmft score was 4.13 ± 0.73 in 2–5-year-old participants, and in the age groups of 35–44 years and 65–74 years, the scores were 5.32 ± 2.36 and 7.56 ± 4.29 respectively. Statistically significant differences were observed in the presence of healthy gums, bleeding gums and presence of shallow pockets across the different age groups. Preventive treatment was required mostly by the participants in the age group 13-15 years. Conclusion: The present study showed a high prevalence of dental caries and periodontal disease among the study participants. Preventive treatment was required mostly by the participants in the age group 13-15 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Kumar
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Shilpa Rai
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Mohammad Jalaluddin
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Implantology, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Ranjan M Tripathi
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Index Institute of Dental Sciences, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Anandamoy Bagchi
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Rahul Tiwari
- Bachelor of Dental Surgery, Private Practioner, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Gasmi Benahmed A, Gasmi A, Dadar M, Arshad M, Bjørklund G. The role of sugar-rich diet and salivary proteins in dental plaque formation and oral health. J Oral Biosci 2021; 63:134-141. [PMID: 33497842 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2021.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental plaque is a complex colorless film of bacteria that develops on the surfaces of teeth. Different mechanisms of microbial adhesion to tooth surfaces exist. Both non-specific and specific types of adherence have been anticipated. HIGHLIGHT The present review evaluated the effect of sugar-rich diet and salivary proteins on oral hygiene and dental plaque development. CONCLUSION The oral microbiota is essential for maintaining and reestablishing a healthy oral cavity. Different types of sugars have different effects on the inhibition and formation of dental plaque. The peptides, proteins, and amino acids secreted by parotid glands in the oral cavity facilitate neutralizing the acidity in dental plaque and preventing dental caries. A properly balanced diet is crucial for both a healthy oral cavity and the oral microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amin Gasmi
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Maryam Dadar
- Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - Maria Arshad
- Société Francophone de Nutrithérapie et de Nutrigénétique Appliquée, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo I Rana, Norway.
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Pinheiro SADA, Rodrigues HB, Santos JTL, Granja GL, Lussi A, Leal SC, Diniz MB. Association of dental caries morbidity stages with oral health-related quality of life in children and adolescents. Int J Paediatr Dent 2020; 30:293-302. [PMID: 31834963 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dental caries morbidity stages and their impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) have not yet been established. AIM To compare the association of dental caries morbidity stages with OHRQoL in children and adolescents from public schools of Patos-PB, Brazil. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was performed on 461 students at 8-10 years and 454 at 11-14 years. Caries was evaluated by Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment (CAST) instrument. The maximum CAST code per individual was registered. OHRQoL was assessed using the Child Perceptions Questionnaires for children (CPQ8-10 ) and adolescents (CPQ11-14 ). RESULTS Morbidity stage was the most prevalent caries condition in children (40.8%) and adolescents (38.1%). Factors associated with higher CPQ8-10 scores in the multivariate regression analysis after adjustments were age [9 years, prevalence ratio (PR): 1.24; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06-1.45; and 10 years, PR: 1.32, CI: 1.13-1.55] and dental caries status [morbidity, PR: 1.23, CI: 1.03-1.48; and severe morbidity, PR: 1.30, CI: 1.04-1.61]. The factor associated with higher CPQ11-14 scores was dental caries status [morbidity, PR: 1.20, CI: 1.00-1.44]. CONCLUSIONS The OHRQoL of children was negatively associated with morbidity and severe morbidity stages of dental caries, while for adolescents, only morbidity had a negative association with their OHRQoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammia Anacleto de Albuquerque Pinheiro
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Integrated Faculty of Patos - FIP, Patos-PB, Brazil
| | - Hermanda Barbosa Rodrigues
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.,School of Dentistry, Integrated Faculty of Patos - FIP, Patos-PB, Brazil
| | | | - Gélica Lima Granja
- School of Dentistry, Integrated Faculty of Patos - FIP, Patos-PB, Brazil
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Operative Dentistry & Periodontology, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Soraya Coelho Leal
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Health Sciences, University of Brasília - UnB, Brasília-DF, Brazil
| | - Michele Baffi Diniz
- Post-graduate Program in Dentistry, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo-SP, Brazil
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Ganesh A, Muthu MS, Mohan A, Kirubakaran R. Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in India - A Systematic Review. Indian J Pediatr 2019; 86:276-286. [PMID: 30284117 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-018-2793-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a serious public health problem in developed as well as developing nations, with high prevalence among children around the world. This systematic review of the national literature was undertaken to document the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries. Studies evaluating the prevalence of Early Childhood Caries (ECC) in the Indian population were investigated. The method under evaluation was the use of a caries experience index to calculate the prevalence of ECC. An extensive literature search was done in the following databases: PubMed, IndMED and Cochrane upto June 2016. A modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for cross-sectional studies was used for assessment of the quality of the studies. A systematic literature search yielded 503 publications from the various databases searched. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the final number of included studies were 54. Among the included studies, 19 studies were carried out in the state of Karnataka. Analysis of all the included studies revealed the overall prevalence of ECC in India to be 49.6%. Andhra Pradesh was found to have the highest prevalence of ECC at 63%, and the lowest prevalence was reported in Sikkim (41.92%). This review has reported a high prevalence of ECC in India. None of the states reported prevalence below 40%. The government should identify ECC as a national priority which requires significant attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila Ganesh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - M S Muthu
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India.
| | - Anusha Mohan
- Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600116, India
| | - Richard Kirubakaran
- South Asian Cochrane Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Kundu H, Patthi B, Singla A, Jankiram C, Jain S, Singh K. Dental Caries Scenario Among 5, 12 and 15-Year-old Children in India- A Retrospective Analysis. J Clin Diagn Res 2015; 9:ZE01-5. [PMID: 26393229 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2015/12439.6150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental caries is the most prevalent dental disease and children are one of the most affected groups. Thus, the present study was conducted to assess the average dental caries prevalence across different WHO index age groups (5, 12 & 15 years) for the past fifteen years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search was performed electronically in various search engines like google scholar, PubMed, Copernicus, etc. using Dental caries and India as MeSH terms. Articles from the past 15 years reporting on dental caries prevalence and experience in India were searched and this online searching strategy collected and listed 781 articles. After evaluating their titles and abstracts, only 30 articles fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria & were finally selected for complete review and data collection. Five articles which were hand searched were also included. Pooled estimates were calculated for different index age groups and different regions (Northern and Southern) separately with a confidence interval of 95% both for prevalence and experience of dental caries. RESULTS The pooled prevalence of dental caries was found to be highest in 15 year olds followed by 5 and 12 years (62.02%, 48.11% & 43.34% respectively). Weighted mean was also found to be highest for 15 years, followed by 5 and 12 years (2.56±6.508, 2.49±7.78, 1.48±3.292 respectively). Pooled prevalence and weighted mean for the Northernern India region was found to be more in all the index age groups as compared to the Southernern India region. CONCLUSION More than 40% of the children in India have shown dental caries in both primary and permanent teeth in the past 15 years. Also, Northernern region was found to be more affected by dental caries than Southern region. Since children are seen as the future of the nation, this data could be helpful in the planning of oral health care services by the concerned authorities in the community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansa Kundu
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Basavaraj Patthi
- Professor and HOD, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashish Singla
- Reader, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad,Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chandrashekar Jankiram
- Professor and HOD, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita Sschool of Dentistry , Cochin, Kerala, India
| | - Swati Jain
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khushboo Singh
- Tutor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, D.J College of Dental Sciences and Research , Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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John JB, Asokan S, Aswanth KP, Priya PRG, Shanmugaavel AK. Dental caries and the associated factors influencing it in tribal, suburban and urban school children of Tamil Nadu, India: a cross sectional study. J Public Health Res 2015; 4:361. [PMID: 25918690 PMCID: PMC4407035 DOI: 10.4081/jphr.2015.361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The study was planned to assess the prevalence of dental caries among tribal, suburban and urban children of Tiruchengode and Erode of Tamil Nadu state, India. The objective of the study was to assess the association of dental caries with family background, dental service availability, transportation and knowledge on preventive dental measures among these three groups Design and methods Cross-sectional study. A total of 1028 school children in the age range of 9-12 years from various government schools located in Palamalai and Kolli Hills (tribal), Tiruchengode (suburban) and Erode (urban), Tamil Nadu, were included in the study. Decayed, filled, and missing teeth (DMFT), decayed and filled teeth (dft) and Significant Caries Index were recorded. A specially prepared questionnaire was used to record all the data regarding oral hygiene practices, socioeconomic background, dental treatment availability, parent’s education level were used for the study. ANOVA t-test and post hoc test were used for comparing quantitative variables between the 3 subgroups. Results The tribal school children had 89.3% caries prevalence, where as it was 77% in suburban and 55% in urban school children. The mean DMFT score among tribal, suburban and urban school children were statistically significant different (P=0.001) between the three groups. There was a highly significant difference (P=0.001) in the mean DMFT score based on brushing frequency. There was a statistically significant difference (P=0.018) in the mean DMFT scores in the urban group based on the mothers education status. There were no statistically significant differences in the mean DMFT scores based on the presence or absence of television in their house and the parents’ income. Conclusions Oral hygiene practices, dietary habits and access to dental care services played an important role in prevalence of dental caries. It was observed that the socioeconomic status, parents’ educational status and mass media influenced the oral health of these children but without a significant contribution. Significance for public health It was observed from the present study that the socioeconomic status, parents’ educational status, media and family structure influence the oral health of children in under-privileged communities. Oral hygiene practices, dietary habits and access to dental care services also play an important role in the prevalence of dental caries among children. Children of government schools in Tamil Nadu, India, don’t get adequate information on oral health, related diseases and methods of prevention. Oral health education and health promotion should be mandatory for all school children.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Baby John
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sharath Asokan
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K P Aswanth
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P R Geetha Priya
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A K Shanmugaavel
- Department of Paediatric Dentistry, KSR Institute of Dental Science and Research, Tiruchengode , Tamil Nadu, India
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Hongal S, Torwane NA, Goel P, Byarakele C, Mishra P, Jain S. Oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practices among eunuchs (hijras) residing in Bhopal City, Madhya Pradesh, India: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014; 18:624-31. [PMID: 25425825 PMCID: PMC4239753 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.142459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The current cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the oral health-related knowledge, attitude and practices among eunuchs (hijras) residing in Bhopal city, Madhya Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: Based on a convenient non-probability snow ball sampling technique, all the self-identified eunuchs residing in the city of Bhopal who were present at the time of study and who fulfilled the selection criteria were approached. A cross section of the general population was also surveyed. An interviewer-based, predesigned, structured, close-ended 18-item questionnaire that had been designed based on the primary objective of the study was used. All the obtained data were analyzed using software, Statistical Package for Social Science version 20. Results: According to 188 (86.2%) males, 187 (87.4%) females and 168 (81.2%) eunuchs, good oral health can improve the general health. Most of the study participants including 211 (98.6%) females, 210 (96.3%) males and 205 (99%) eunuchs use either tooth paste or tooth powder to clean their teeth. While, a majority of eunuchs, i.e., 113 (54.6%), were having habit of chewing smokeless tobacco containing products such as betel nut, betel quid, gutkha, etc., The difference in use of tobacco products was statistically significant. Conclusion: The information presented in this study adds to our understanding of the common oral hygiene practices which are performed among eunuch population. Efforts to increase the awareness of oral effects of tobacco use and to eliminate the habit are needed to improve oral and general health of this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhir Hongal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Nilesh Arjun Torwane
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Goel
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Chandrashekar Byarakele
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Priyesh Mishra
- Department of Conservative and Endodontics, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shubham Jain
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, People's Dental Academy, People's University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Caries Distribution, Prevalence, and Treatment Needs among 12–15-Year-Old Secondary School Students in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/483760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective. There is a change in the trends and distribution of dental caries in established and nonestablished market economies. The aim of this study was to describe caries distribution, prevalence, and treatment needs among school children in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Materials and Methods. The study was a cross-sectional survey of students between the ages of 12 and 15 years. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and clinical oral examination. Analysis of data was done using statistical package for social science version 20.0. Association between variables was tested using chi-square, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. Results. The study population consisted of 195 school children of mean age 13.21±1.09 years. The prevalence of dental caries was 15.4% (n=30). The mean DMFT score for the entire group was 0.25±0.66. Dental caries occurred more significantly (P<0.005) on the mandible (66.7%) than on the maxilla (33.3%) and was significantly (P<0.005) more prevalent on the first molars (66.7%) than on the second molars (26.6%). Conclusion. The number of untreated dental caries was high and the restorative index was low among the students. The overall caries prevalence and mean DMFT were low even when compared to other studies in similar populations in Nigeria.
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Martins MT, Sardenberg F, Abreu MH, Vale MP, Paiva SM, Pordeus IA. Factors associated with dental caries in Brazilian children: a multilevel approach. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2013; 42:289-99. [DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- MT Martins
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - F Sardenberg
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - MH Abreu
- Department of Social and Preventive Dentistry; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - MP Vale
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - SM Paiva
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
| | - IA Pordeus
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry; Federal University of Minas Gerais; Belo Horizonte Brazil
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Singh A, Purohit BM. Addressing oral health disparities, inequity in access and workforce issues in a developing country. Int Dent J 2013; 63:225-9. [PMID: 24074015 DOI: 10.1111/idj.12035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The health sector challenges in India like those in other low and middle income countries are formidable. India has almost one-third of the world's dental schools. However, provisions of oral health-care services are few in rural parts of India where the majority of the Indian population resides. Disparities exist between the oral health status in urban and rural areas. The present unequal system of mainly private practice directed towards a minority of the population and based on reparative services needs to be modified. National oral health policy needs to be implemented as a priority, with an emphasis on strengthening dental care services under public health facilities. A fast-changing demographic profile and its implications needs to be considered while planning for the future oral health-care workforce. Current oral health status in developing countries, including India, is a result of government public health policies, not lack of dentists. The aim of the article is to discuss pertinent issues relating to oral health disparities, equity in health-care access, dental workforce planning and quality concerns pertaining to the present-day dental education and practices in India, which have implications for other developing countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Singh
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, ESIC Dental College & Hospital, New Delhi, India
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Prasai Dixit L, Shakya A, Shrestha M, Shrestha A. Dental caries prevalence, oral health knowledge and practice among indigenous Chepang school children of Nepal. BMC Oral Health 2013; 13:20. [PMID: 23672487 PMCID: PMC3655880 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6831-13-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Accepted: 05/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chepang communities are one of the most deprived ethnic communities in Nepal. According to the National Pathfinder Survey, dental caries is a highly prevalent childhood disease in Nepal. There is no data concerning the prevalence of caries along with knowledge, attitude and oral hygiene practices among Chepang schoolchildren. The objectives of this study were to 1) record the prevalence of dental caries 2) report experience of dental pain 3) evaluate knowledge, attitude and preventive practices on oral health of primary Chepang schoolchildren. METHOD A cross sectional epidemiological study was conducted in 5 government Primary schools of remote Chandibhanjyang Village Development Committee (VDC) in Chitwan district. Ethical approval was taken from the Institutional Review Board within the Research Department of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) Tribhuvan University. Consent was obtained from parents for conducting clinical examination and administrating questionnaire. Permission was taken from the school principal in all schools. Data was collected using a pretested questionnaire on 131 schoolchildren aged 8-16-year- olds attending Grade 3-5. Clinical examination was conducted on 361 school children aged 5-16 -year-olds attending grade 1-5. Criteria set by the World Health Organization (1997) was used for caries diagnosis. The questionnaires, originally constructed in English and translated into Nepali were administered to the schoolchildren by the researchers. SPSS 11software was used for data analysis. RESULTS Caries prevalence for 5-6 -year-old was above the goals recommended by WHO and Federation of Dentistry international (FDI) of less than 50% caries free children. Caries prevalence in 5-6-year-olds was 52% and 12-13-year-olds was 41%. The mean dmft/DMFT score of 5-6 -year-olds and 12 -13-year -olds was 1.59, 0.31 and 0.52, 0.84 respectively. The DMFT scores increased with age and the d/D component constituted almost the entire dmft/DMFT index. About 31% of 8-16-year-olds school children who participated in the survey reported having suffered from oral pain. Further, the need for treatment of decayed teeth was reported at 100%. About 76% children perceived teeth as an important component of general health and 75% reported it was required to eat. A total 93% children never visited a dentist or a health care service. Out of 56% children reporting cleaning their teeth daily, only 24% reported brushing their teeth twice daily. About 86% of the children reported using toothbrush and toothpaste to clean their teeth. Although 61% children reported to have received oral health education, 82% children did not know about fluoride and its benefit on dental health. About 50% children reported bacteria as the main cause of tooth decay and 23% as not brushing teeth for gingivitis. Frequency of sugar exposure was low; 75% of children reported eating sugar rich food once daily. CONCLUSIONS Caries prevalence of 5-6 -year- old Chepang school children is above the recommended target set by FDI/WHO. The study reported 31% schoolchildren aged 8-16-year old suffered oral pain and decayed component constituted almost the entire dmft/DMFT index. The brushing habit was reportedly low with only 24% of the children brushing twice daily. A nationwide scientifically proven, cost effective school based interventions is needed for prevention and control of caries in schoolchildren in Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonim Prasai Dixit
- Department of Community Dentistry, Peoples Dental College and Hospital (PDCH), Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Ajay Shakya
- Department of Community Dentistry, Peoples Dental College and Hospital (PDCH), Kathmandu, Nepal
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Leal SC, Bronkhorst EM, Fan M, Frencken JE. Untreated cavitated dentine lesions: impact on children's quality of life. Caries Res 2012; 46:102-6. [PMID: 22398411 DOI: 10.1159/000336387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation was to assess the impact of dental caries prevalence and the consequences of untreated cavitated dentine lesions on quality of life of 6- and 7-year-old Brazilian children. A total of 826 schoolchildren were assessed using ICDAS and pufa (to score consequences of dental caries on soft tissues) indices. History of extraction and toothache was recorded. Oral health-related quality of life was assessed using the Brazilian version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (B-ECOHIS). A multiple logistic regression model was used to analyze the relationship between the prevalence of dentine carious lesions, pufa, history of extraction and toothache with the B-ECOHIS scores. A total of 587 questionnaires were analyzed. The prevalence of cavitated dentine lesions and pufa was 74.8 and 26.2%, respectively. Some 21.8% of children reported toothache and 9.2% had had at least one tooth extraction. The chance (OR) for children with cavitated dentine lesions, pufa ≥1, history of extraction and toothache of having higher B-ECOHIS scores than those not affected was 1.90 (95% CI: 1.18-3.06), 6.26 (95% CI: 3.63-10.83), 6.87 (95% CI: 2.75-17.16) and 3.68 (95% CI: 2.12-6.39), respectively. Children's quality of life was negatively influenced by untreated cavitated dentine lesions and their consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Leal
- Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasília, Asa Norte, Brazil.
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Good oral health and diet. J Biomed Biotechnol 2012; 2012:720692. [PMID: 22363174 PMCID: PMC3272860 DOI: 10.1155/2012/720692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An unhealthy diet has been implicated as risk factors for several chronic diseases that are known to be associated with oral diseases. Studies investigating the relationship between oral diseases and diet are limited. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the relationship between healthy eating habits and oral health status. The dentistry has an important role in the diagnosis of oral diseases correlated with diet. Consistent nutrition guidelines are essential to improve health. A poor diet was significantly associated with increased odds of oral disease. Dietary advice for the prevention of oral diseases has to be a part of routine patient education practices. Inconsistencies in dietary advice may be linked to inadequate training of professionals. Literature suggests that the nutrition training of dentists and oral health training of dietitians and nutritionists is limited.
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