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Cooke SJ, Piczak ML, Singh NJ, Åkesson S, Ford AT, Chowdhury S, Mitchell GW, Norris DR, Hardesty-Moore M, McCauley D, Hammerschlag N, Tucker MA, Horns JJ, Reisinger RR, Kubelka V, Lennox RJ. Animal migration in the Anthropocene: threats and mitigation options. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024. [PMID: 38437713 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
Animal migration has fascinated scientists and the public alike for centuries, yet migratory animals are facing diverse threats that could lead to their demise. The Anthropocene is characterised by the reality that humans are the dominant force on Earth, having manifold negative effects on biodiversity and ecosystem function. Considerable research focus has been given to assessing anthropogenic impacts on the numerical abundance of species/populations, whereas relatively less attention has been devoted to animal migration. However, there are clear linkages, for example, where human-driven impacts on migration behaviour can lead to population/species declines or even extinction. Here, we explore anthropogenic threats to migratory animals (in all domains - aquatic, terrestrial, and aerial) using International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Threat Taxonomy classifications. We reveal the diverse threats (e.g. human development, disease, invasive species, climate change, exploitation, pollution) that impact migratory wildlife in varied ways spanning taxa, life stages and type of impact (e.g. from direct mortality to changes in behaviour, health, and physiology). Notably, these threats often interact in complex and unpredictable ways to the detriment of wildlife, further complicating management. Fortunately, we are beginning to identify strategies for conserving and managing migratory animals in the Anthropocene. We provide a set of strategies that, if embraced, have the potential to ensure that migratory animals, and the important ecological functions sustained by migration, persist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Cooke
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Morgan L Piczak
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Navinder J Singh
- Department of Wildlife, Fish and Environmental Studies, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, 90183, Sweden
| | - Susanne Åkesson
- Department of Biology, Centre for Animal Movement Research, Lund University, Ecology Building, Lund, 22362, Sweden
| | - Adam T Ford
- Department of Biology, University of British Columbia, 1177 Research Road, Kelowna, British Columbia, V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Shawan Chowdhury
- Institute of Biodiversity, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Dornburger Straße 159, Jena, 07743, Germany
- Department of Ecosystem Services, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstr, 15, Leipzig, 04318, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Puschstr, 4, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Greg W Mitchell
- Department of Biology and Institute of Environmental and Interdisciplinary Science, Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
- Wildlife Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0H3, Canada
| | - D Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Rd. E, Guelph, Ontario, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Molly Hardesty-Moore
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Douglas McCauley
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology and Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA
| | - Neil Hammerschlag
- Atlantic Shark Expeditions, 29 Wideview Lane, Boutiliers Point, Nova Scotia, B3Z 0M9, Canada
| | - Marlee A Tucker
- Radboud Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Radboud University, Houtlaan 4, Nijmegen, 6525, The Netherlands
| | - Joshua J Horns
- Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, UT, 84112, USA
| | - Ryan R Reisinger
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, National Oceanography Center Southampton, University Way, Southampton, SO14 3ZH, UK
| | - Vojtěch Kubelka
- Dept of Zoology and Centre for Polar Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Robert J Lennox
- Ocean Tracking Network, Faculty of Science, Dalhousie University, 1355 Oxford St, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3Z1, Canada
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Brown JM, Bouten W, Camphuysen KCJ, Nolet BA, Shamoun-Baranes J. Energetic and behavioral consequences of migration: an empirical evaluation in the context of the full annual cycle. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1210. [PMID: 36681726 PMCID: PMC9867707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28198-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Seasonal migrations are used by diverse animal taxa, yet the costs and benefits of migrating have rarely been empirically examined. The aim of this study was to determine how migration influences two ecological currencies, energy expenditure and time allocated towards different behaviors, in a full annual cycle context. We compare these currencies among lesser black-backed gulls that range from short- (< 250 km) to long-distance (> 4500 km) migrants. Daily time-activity budgets were reconstructed from tri-axial acceleration and GPS, which, in conjunction with a bioenergetics model to estimate thermoregulatory costs, enabled us to estimate daily energy expenditure throughout the year. We found that migration strategy had no effect on annual energy expenditure, however, energy expenditure through time deviated more from the annual average as migration distance increased. Patterns in time-activity budgets were similar across strategies, suggesting migration strategy does not limit behavioral adjustments required for other annual cycle stages (breeding, molt, wintering). Variation among individuals using the same strategy was high, suggesting that daily behavioral decisions (e.g. foraging strategy) contribute more towards energy expenditure than an individual's migration strategy. These findings provide unprecedented new understanding regarding the relative importance of fine versus broad-scale behavioral strategies towards annual energy expenditures.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Morgan Brown
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem Bouten
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kees C J Camphuysen
- Department of Coastal Systems, NIOZ Royal Institute for Sea Research, Texel, The Netherlands
| | - Bart A Nolet
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Judy Shamoun-Baranes
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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3
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Variation in migration behaviors used by Arctic Terns (Sterna paradisaea) breeding across a wide latitudinal gradient. Polar Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s00300-022-03043-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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4
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Schirmer S, Korner-Nievergelt F, von Rönn JAC, Liebscher V. Estimation in the multinomial reencounter model - Where do migrating animals go and how do they survive in their destination area? J Theor Biol 2022; 543:111108. [PMID: 35367238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2022.111108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Spatial variation in survival has individual fitness consequences and influences population dynamics. Which space animals use during the annual cycle determines how they are affected by this spatial variability. Therefore, knowing spatial patterns of survival and space use is crucial to understand demography of migrating animals. Extracting information on survival and space use from observation data, in particular dead recovery data, requires explicitly identifying the observation process. We build a fully stochastic model for animals marked in populations of origin, which were found dead in spatially discrete destination areas. The model acts on the population level and includes parameters for use of space, survival and recovery probability. It is based on the division coefficient and the multinomial reencounter model. We use a likelihood-based approach, derive Restricted Maximum Likelihood-like estimates for all parameters and prove their existence and uniqueness. In a simulation study we demonstrate the performance of the model by using Bayesian estimators derived by the Markov chain Monte Carlo method. We obtain unbiased estimates for survival and recovery probability if the sample size is large enough. Moreover, we apply the model to real-world data of European robins Erithacus rubecula ringed at a stopover site. We obtain annual survival estimates for different spatially discrete non-breeding areas. Additionally, we can reproduce already known patterns of use of space for this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Schirmer
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 47, 17489 Greifswald, Germany; Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland.
| | | | - Jan A C von Rönn
- Swiss Ornithological Institute, Seerose 1, 6204 Sempach, Switzerland
| | - Volkmar Liebscher
- Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Greifswald, Walther-Rathenau-Straße 47, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
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5
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Azar JF, Ferlat C, Landsmann C, Hingrat Y. Timing of Release Influence Breeding Success of Translocated Captive-Bred Migrant Asian Houbara Bustard. FRONTIERS IN CONSERVATION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fcosc.2022.815506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In conservation translocation, released animals should have comparable fitness to their wild counterparts to effectively contribute to the species demography. Captive-bred animals frequently exhibit lower fitness performances, which can often be attributed to an inadequate release strategy. Untimely release of migrant animals may interfere with key events such as their migration and breeding. In Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, declining wild populations of Asian houbara (Chlamydotis macqueenii) are reinforced in their breeding grounds with captive-bred individuals. Using data from 6 years of monitoring, we compare eight breeding traits and the productivity of wild and captive-bred females released in two distinct seasons (autumn vs. spring) considering the effects of age and time in the season. Females released in the spring nest prior to their first migration, and females released in the autumn nest following their first migration. Our results highlight that captive-bred and wild females have similar breeding traits and productivity. Breeding probability, laying date, and egg volume varied, depending on the release season and female age. One-year-olds released in autumn have a significantly lower breeding probability compared to wild and spring-released females. However, 1-year-old females released in the spring nest later and lay smaller eggs than wild and autumn-released birds; effects which appear to be carried over with age. Age has a positive effect on breeding probability, egg volume, re-clutching probability and advancement of nesting date. These findings suggest a complex interplay of release timing with migration and breeding, resulting in short- and long-term effects on population demography, emphasizing its importance in conservation translocation.
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Steenweg RJ, Crossin GT, Hennin HL, Gilchrist HG, Love OP. Favorable spring conditions can buffer the impact of winter carryover effects on a key breeding decision in an Arctic-breeding seabird. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e8588. [PMID: 35154656 PMCID: PMC8826066 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability and investment of energy among successive life-history stages is a key feature of carryover effects. In migratory organisms, examining how both winter and spring experiences carryover to affect breeding activity is difficult due to the challenges in tracking individuals through these periods without impacting their behavior, thereby biasing results.Using common eiders Somateria mollissima, we examined whether spring conditions at an Arctic breeding colony (East Bay Island, Nunavut, Canada) can buffer the impacts of winter temperatures on body mass and breeding decisions in birds that winter at different locations (Nuuk and Disko Bay, Greenland, and Newfoundland, Canada; assessed by analyzing stable isotopes of 13-carbon in winter-grown claw samples). Specifically, we used path analysis to examine how wintering and spring environmental conditions interact to affect breeding propensity (a key reproductive decision influencing lifetime fitness in female eiders) within the contexts of the timing of colony arrival, pre-breeding body mass (body condition), and a physiological proxy for foraging effort (baseline corticosterone).We demonstrate that warmer winter temperatures predicted lower body mass at arrival to the nesting colony, whereas warmer spring temperatures predicted earlier arrival dates and higher arrival body mass. Both higher body mass and earlier arrival dates of eider hens increased the probability that birds would initiate laying (i.e., higher breeding propensity). However, variation in baseline corticosterone was not linked to either winter or spring temperatures, and it had no additional downstream effects on breeding propensity.Overall, we demonstrate that favorable pre-breeding conditions in Arctic-breeding common eiders can compensate for the impact that unfavorable wintering conditions can have on breeding investment, perhaps due to greater access to foraging areas prior to laying.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Glenn T. Crossin
- Department of BiologyDalhousie UniversityHalifaxNova ScotiaCanada
| | - Holly L. Hennin
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
| | - H. Grant Gilchrist
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaNational Wildlife Research CentreCarleton UniversityOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Oliver P. Love
- Department of Integrative BiologyUniversity of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada
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7
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Cuesta-García M, Rodríguez A, Martins AM, Neves V, Magalhães M, Atchoi E, Fraga H, Medeiros V, Laranjo M, Rodríguez Y, Jones K, Bried J. Targeting efforts in rescue programmes mitigating light-induced seabird mortality: First the fat, then the skinny. J Nat Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnc.2021.126080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Wood MJ, Canonne C, Besnard A, Lachish S, Fairhurst SM, Liedvogel M, Boyle D, Patrick SC, Josey S, Kirk H, Dean B, Guilford T, McCleery RM, Perrins CM, Horswill C. Demographic profiles and environmental drivers of variation relate to individual breeding state in a long-lived trans-oceanic migratory seabird, the Manx shearwater. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260812. [PMID: 34914747 PMCID: PMC8675709 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the points in a species breeding cycle when they are most vulnerable to environmental fluctuations is key to understanding interannual demography and guiding effective conservation and management. Seabirds represent one of the most threatened groups of birds in the world, and climate change and severe weather is a prominent and increasing threat to this group. We used a multi-state capture-recapture model to examine how the demographic rates of a long-lived trans-oceanic migrant seabird, the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus, are influenced by environmental conditions experienced at different stages of the annual breeding cycle and whether these relationships vary with an individual's breeding state in the previous year (i.e., successful breeder, failed breeder and non-breeder). Our results imply that populations of Manx shearwaters are comprised of individuals with different demographic profiles, whereby more successful reproduction is associated with higher rates of survival and breeding propensity. However, we found that all birds experienced the same negative relationship between rates of survival and wind force during the breeding season, indicating a cost of reproduction (or central place constraint for non-breeders) during years with severe weather conditions. We also found that environmental effects differentially influence the breeding propensity of individuals in different breeding states. This suggests individual spatio-temporal variation in habitat use during the annual cycle, such that climate change could alter the frequency that individuals with different demographic profiles breed thereby driving a complex and less predictable population response. More broadly, our study highlights the importance of considering individual-level factors when examining population demography and predicting how species may respond to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matt J. Wood
- School of Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Coline Canonne
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélien Besnard
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Univ Paul Valéry Montpellier 3, Montpellier, France
| | - Shelly Lachish
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Stace M. Fairhurst
- School of Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
| | - Miriam Liedvogel
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Boyle
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Samantha C. Patrick
- School of Natural & Social Sciences, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham, United Kingdom
| | - Simon Josey
- National Oceanography Centre, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Holly Kirk
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Dean
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tim Guilford
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Robin M. McCleery
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Chris M. Perrins
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cat Horswill
- ZSL Institute of Zoology, London, United Kingdom
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environmental Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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9
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Ventura F, Granadeiro JP, Lukacs PM, Kuepfer A, Catry P. Environmental variability directly affects the prevalence of divorce in monogamous albatrosses. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20212112. [PMID: 34814753 PMCID: PMC8611344 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.2112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In many socially monogamous species, divorce is a strategy used to correct for sub-optimal partnerships and is informed by measures of previous breeding performance. The environment affects the productivity and survival of populations, thus indirectly affecting divorce via changes in demographic rates. However, whether environmental fluctuations directly modulate the prevalence of divorce in a population remains poorly understood. Here, using a longitudinal dataset on the long-lived black-browed albatross (Thalassarche melanophris) as a model organism, we test the hypothesis that environmental variability directly affects divorce. We found that divorce rate varied across years (1% to 8%). Individuals were more likely to divorce after breeding failures. However, regardless of previous breeding performance, the probability of divorce was directly affected by the environment, increasing in years with warm sea surface temperature anomalies (SSTA). Furthermore, our state-space models show that warm SSTA increased the probability of switching mates in females in successful relationships. For the first time, to our knowledge, we document the disruptive effects of challenging environmental conditions on the breeding processes of a monogamous population, potentially mediated by higher reproductive costs, changes in phenology and physiological stress. Environmentally driven divorce may therefore represent an overlooked consequence of global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Ventura
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM, Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Paul M. Lukacs
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W. A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA
| | - Amanda Kuepfer
- SAERI—South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute, Stanley, Falkland Islands FIQQ 1ZZ, UK
- Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Penryn TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA – Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, Lisboa 1149-041, Portugal
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10
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Bani Assadi S, Fraser KC. The Influence of Different Light Wavelengths of Anthropogenic Light at Night on Nestling Development and the Timing of Post-fledge Movements in a Migratory Songbird. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.735112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Many different aspects of an animal’s lifecycle such as its behavior, patterns of hormone activity, and internal clock time, can be affected by anthropogenic light at night (ALAN). Exposing an organism to ALAN during its early life could also have an impact on its development. Since photoperiod can trigger or schedule the migration timing of long-distance migratory birds, there is great potential for anthropogenic light to interact with photoperiod to affect timing. However, very little has been investigated regarding the impacts of ALAN on post-hatching development and migration timing. We investigated the impact of ALAN during nestling development in a long-distance migratory songbird to determine the potential impact on the timing of post-breeding movements in the wild. We experimentally manipulated the light by using programmable lighting, in the nest boxes of free-living nestlings of purple martin (Progne subis) in Manitoba, Canada. We exposed two groups of developing nestlings, from hatch to fledge date, to green or white LED lights (5 lux) during the night. We also included a control group that experienced natural, ambient light at night. We found that some adults abandoned their nests shortly after starting the experiment (4 of 15 nests in the white light treatment). For the nests that remained active, nestlings exposed to the white light treatment had higher weights (at day 20 or 22), later fledge dates (1.54 ± 0.37, 95% CI 0.80–2.28), and later colony departure date (2.84 ± 1.00, 95% CI 0.88–4.81), than young of the control group. Moreover, nestlings of both white and green light groups had longer nesting duration than nestlings of the control group. This study demonstrates the impact of ALAN on the development of post-breeding movement timing in nestlings of wild migratory birds. However, our results also indicate that green light may have less of an impact as compared to white light.
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11
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Deakin JE, Guglielmo CG, Morbey YE. Effect of the Social Environment on Spring Migration Timing of a Songbird. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.715418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the social environment on the timing of the annual cycle is poorly understood. Seasonally migratory birds are under pressure to accurately time their spring migration, and throughout the annual cycle, they may experience variability of the local sex-ratio. A population-level male-biased sex ratio is predicted to advance spring migration timing in males and is attributed to the increased intra-specific competition for access to females and/or breeding territories. The present study had two goals. First, to develop a method that utilizes digitally coded radio-transmitters to quantify the activity of flocked individuals in captivity. Second, to use this method to test the hypothesis that the social environment influences the spring migration traits of male yellow-rumped warblers (Setophaga coronata coronata). To accomplish this, birds were captured in the fall in Long Point, Ontario, and transferred to the Advanced Facility for Avian Research, London, Ontario. In the winter, they were assigned to a slightly male- or female-biased treatment and housed in flocks in large free-flight rooms. Throughout the experimental period, we took body mass measurements and standardized photos to monitor body condition and molt progression. To measure locomotor activity, the birds were outfitted with digitally coded radio-transmitters in April and photo-triggered to enter a migratory phenotype. The tagged birds were released at their capture site in May and the Motus Wildlife Tracking System was used to determine stopover departure timing and migratory movements. Sex ratio did not influence body mass or molt progression. However, males from the male-biased treatment had significantly less locomotor movement than those from the female-biased treatment. Additionally, a lower proportion of males from the male-biased treatment initiated migratory restlessness, an indicator of the urge to migrate. Overall, these findings suggest that the social environment can influence behavior of songbirds, but do not support the hypothesis that a male-biased sex ratio accelerates migration.
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12
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Imlay TL, Mann HA, Taylor PD. Autumn migratory timing and pace are driven by breeding season carryover effects. Anim Behav 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Akresh ME, King DI, Marra PP. Hatching date influences winter habitat occupancy: Examining seasonal interactions across the full annual cycle in a migratory songbird. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:9241-9253. [PMID: 34306620 PMCID: PMC8293775 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Birds experience a sequence of critical events during their life cycle, and past events can subsequently determine future performance via carry-over effects. Events during the non-breeding season may influence breeding season phenology or productivity. Less is understood about how events during the breeding season affect individuals subsequently in their life cycle. Using stable carbon isotopes, we examined carry-over effects throughout the annual cycle of prairie warblers (Setophaga discolor), a declining Nearctic-Neotropical migratory passerine bird. In drier winters, juvenile males that hatched earlier at our study site in Massachusetts, USA, occupied wetter, better-quality winter habitat in the Caribbean, as indicated by depleted carbon isotope signatures. For juveniles that were sampled again as adults, repeatability in isotope signatures indicated similar winter habitat occupancy across years. Thus, hatching date of juvenile males appears to influence lifetime winter habitat occupancy. For adult males, reproductive success did not carry over to influence winter habitat occupancy. We did not find temporally consecutive "domino" effects across the annual cycle (breeding to wintering to breeding) or interseasonal, intergenerational effects. Our finding that a male's hatching date can have a lasting effect on winter habitat occupancy represents an important contribution to our understanding of seasonal interactions in migratory birds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Akresh
- Department of Environmental StudiesAntioch University New EnglandKeeneNHUSA
- Department of Environmental ConservationUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA
| | - David I. King
- U.S. Forest Service Northern Research StationUniversity of Massachusetts AmherstAmherstMAUSA
| | - Peter P. Marra
- Department of Biology and McCourt School of Public PolicyGeorgetown UniversityWashingtonDCUSA
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14
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Sung YH, Pang CC, Li TCH, Wong PPY, Yu YT. Ecological Correlates of 20-Year Population Trends of Wintering Waterbirds in Deep Bay, South China. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.658084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Along the East Asian-Australasian flyway (EAAF), waterbirds are threatened by a wide range of human activities. Studies have shown that wintering populations of many species have declined in Australia and Japan; however, long term data along China’s coast are limited. In this study, we analyzed data collected from monthly bird surveys to quantify population trends of wintering waterbirds from 1998 to 2017 in the Deep Bay area, South China. Of the 42 species studied, 12 declined, while nine increased significantly. Phylogenetic comparative analysis revealed that population trends were negatively correlated to reliance on the Yellow Sea and body size. Further, waterbird species breeding in Southern Siberia declined more than those breeding in East Asia. These findings, coupled with a relatively high number of increasing species, support the continual preservation of wetlands in the Deep Bay area. This study provides another case study showing that data collected from wintering sites provide insights on the threats along migratory pathway and inform conservation actions. As such, we encourage population surveys in the EAAF to continue, particularly along the coast of China.
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Harris SM, Descamps S, Sneddon LU, Cairo M, Bertrand P, Patrick SC. Personality-specific carry-over effects on breeding. Proc Biol Sci 2020; 287:20202381. [PMID: 33290675 PMCID: PMC7739942 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.2381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carry-over effects describe the phenomenon whereby an animal's previous conditions influence its subsequent performance. Carry-over effects are unlikely to affect individuals uniformly, but the factors modulating their strength are poorly known. Variation in the strength of carry-over effects may reflect individual differences in pace-of-life: slow-paced, shyly behaved individuals are thought to favour an allocation to self-maintenance over current reproduction, compared to their fast-paced, boldly behaved conspecifics (the pace-of-life syndrome hypothesis). Therefore, detectable carry-over effects on breeding should be weaker in bolder individuals, as they should maintain an allocation to reproduction irrespective of previous conditions, while shy individuals should experience stronger carry-over effects. We tested this prediction in black-legged kittiwakes breeding in Svalbard. Using miniature biologging devices, we measured non-breeding activity of kittiwakes and monitored their subsequent breeding performance. We report a number of negative carry-over effects of non-breeding activity on breeding, which were generally stronger in shyer individuals: more active winters were followed by later breeding phenology and poorer breeding performance in shy birds, but these effects were weaker or undetected in bolder individuals. Our study quantifies individual variability in the strength of carry-over effects on breeding and provides a mechanism explaining widespread differences in individual reproductive success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M. Harris
- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Cornell University, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, USA
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Lynne U. Sneddon
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Milena Cairo
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Philip Bertrand
- Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Biology and Centre for Northern Studies, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Canada
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Gatt MC, Versteegh M, Bauch C, Tieleman BI, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Costs of reproduction and migration are paid in later return to the colony, not in physical condition, in a long-lived seabird. Oecologia 2020; 195:287-297. [PMID: 33040163 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-020-04775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Life history theory suggests a trade-off between costly activities such as breeding and migration and somatic self-maintenance. However, how the short-term cost of parental effort is expressed in species with a slow pace-of-life is not well understood. Also, investigating carry-over effects of migration is most meaningful when comparing migratory strategies within the same population, but this has rarely been done. We explore this hypothesis in a long-lived, pelagic seabird, the Cory's Shearwater, Calonectris borealis, where males display partial migration. By manipulating reproductive effort and taking advantage of the natural variation in migratory strategy, we investigate whether early reproductive failure and migratory strategy had implications on the physical condition of males on return to the colony the following year. We experimentally induced breeding failure from mid-incubation, tracked the over-winter movements of these males and of males that invested in parental effort, and assessed innate immunity, stress, and residual body mass the following year. Early breeding failure resulted in earlier return to the colony among all males, associated with greater probability of reproductive success. Residents had a lower tail feather fault bar intensity, an indicator of stress during the non-breeding period, compared to migrants. Reproductive effort and migratory strategy had no impact on physiological condition otherwise. Our results provide evidence that in species with a slow-pace of life, such as the Cory's Shearwater, somatic maintenance is prioritised, with the costs of reproduction and migration paid in delayed arrival date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Claire Gatt
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Maaike Versteegh
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Christina Bauch
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - B Irene Tieleman
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar (CESAM), Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
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Anderson CM, Gilchrist HG, Ronconi RA, Shlepr KR, Clark DE, Fifield DA, Robertson GJ, Mallory ML. Both short and long distance migrants use energy-minimizing migration strategies in North American herring gulls. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2020; 8:26. [PMID: 32549986 PMCID: PMC7294659 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-020-00207-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have proposed that birds migrating short distances migrate at an overall slower pace, minimizing energy expenditure, while birds migrating long distances minimize time spent on migration to cope with seasonal changes in environmental conditions. METHODS We evaluated variability in the migration strategies of Herring Gulls (Larus argentatus), a generalist species with flexible foraging and flight behaviour. We tracked one population of long distance migrants and three populations of short distance migrants, and compared the directness of their migration routes, their overall migration speed, their travel speed, and their use of stopovers. RESULTS Our research revealed that Herring Gulls breeding in the eastern Arctic migrate long distances to spend the winter in the Gulf of Mexico, traveling more than four times farther than gulls from Atlantic Canada during autumn migration. While all populations used indirect routes, the long distance migrants were the least direct. We found that regardless of the distance the population traveled, Herring Gulls migrated at a slower overall migration speed than predicted by Optimal Migration Theory, but the long distance migrants had higher speeds on travel days. While long distance migrants used more stopover days overall, relative to the distance travelled all four populations used a similar number of stopover days. CONCLUSIONS When taken in context with other studies, we expect that the migration strategies of flexible generalist species like Herring Gulls may be more influenced by habitat and food resources than migration distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Anderson
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Ave, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6 Canada
| | - H. Grant Gilchrist
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6 Canada
| | - Robert A. Ronconi
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 45 Alderney Dr, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2N6 Canada
| | - Katherine R. Shlepr
- Atlantic Lab for Avian Research, Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, P.O. Box 4400, 10 Bailey Drive, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3 Canada
| | - Daniel E. Clark
- Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Water Supply Protection, 485 Ware Road, Belchertown, MA 01007 USA
| | - David A. Fifield
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3 Canada
| | - Gregory J. Robertson
- Wildlife Research Division, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 6 Bruce Street, Mount Pearl, NL A1N 4T3 Canada
| | - Mark L. Mallory
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, 33 Westwood Ave, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6 Canada
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18
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Gilsenan C, Valcu M, Kempenaers B. Timing of arrival in the breeding area is repeatable and affects reproductive success in a non‐migratory population of blue tits. J Anim Ecol 2020; 89:1017-1031. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Gilsenan
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Mihai Valcu
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
| | - Bart Kempenaers
- Department of Behavioural Ecology and Evolutionary Genetics Max Planck Institute for Ornithology Seewiesen Germany
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Bauch C, Gatt MC, Granadeiro JP, Verhulst S, Catry P. Sex-specific telomere length and dynamics in relation to age and reproductive success in Cory's shearwaters. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:1344-1357. [PMID: 32141666 PMCID: PMC7216837 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Individuals in free‐living animal populations generally differ substantially in reproductive success, lifespan and other fitness‐related traits, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this variation are poorly understood. Telomere length and dynamics are candidate traits explaining this variation, as long telomeres predict a higher survival probability and telomere loss has been shown to reflect experienced “life stress.” However, telomere dynamics among very long‐lived species are unresolved. Additionally, it is generally not well understood how telomeres relate to reproductive success or sex. We measured telomere length and dynamics in erythrocytes to assess their relationship to age, sex and reproduction in Cory's shearwaters (Calonectris borealis), a long‐lived seabird, in the context of a long‐term study. Adult males had on average 231 bp longer telomeres than females, independent of age. In females, telomere length changed relatively little with age, whereas male telomere length declined significantly. Telomere shortening within males from one year to the next was three times higher than the interannual shortening rate based on cross‐sectional data of males. Past long‐term reproductive success was sex‐specifically reflected in age‐corrected telomere length: males with on average high fledgling production were characterized by shorter telomeres, whereas successful females had longer telomeres, and we discuss hypotheses that may explain this contrast. In conclusion, telomere length and dynamics in relation to age and reproduction are sex‐dependent in Cory's shearwaters and these findings contribute to our understanding of what characterises individual variation in fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bauch
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal.,Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Claire Gatt
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Faculty of Science, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simon Verhulst
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Lisbon, Portugal
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20
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Pelletier D, Seyer Y, Garthe S, Bonnefoi S, Phillips RA, Guillemette M. So far, so good… Similar fitness consequences and overall energetic costs for short and long-distance migrants in a seabird. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230262. [PMID: 32176713 PMCID: PMC7075593 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although there is a consensus about the evolutionary drivers of animal migration, considerable work is necessary to identify the mechanisms that underlie the great variety of strategies observed in nature. The study of differential migration offers unique opportunities to identify such mechanisms and allows comparisons of the costs and benefits of migration. The purpose of this study was to compare the characteristics of short and long-distance migrations, and fitness consequences, in a long-lived seabird species. We combined demographic monitoring (survival, phenology, hatching success) of 58 Northern Gannets (Morus bassanus) breeding on Bonaventure Island (Canada) and biologging technology (Global Location Sensor or GLS loggers) to estimate activity and energy budgets during the non-breeding period for three different migration strategies: to the Gulf of Mexico (GM), southeast (SE) or northeast (NE) Atlantic coast of the U.S. Survival, timing of arrival at the colony and hatching success are similar for short (NE, SE) and long-distance (GM) migrants. Despite similar fitness consequences, we found, as expected, that the overall energetic cost of migration is higher for long-distance migrants, although the daily cost during migration was similar between strategies. In contrast, daily maintenance and thermoregulation costs were lower for GM migrants in winter, where sea-surface temperature of the GM is 4-7o C warmer than SE and NE. In addition, GM migrants tend to fly 30 min less per day in their wintering area than other migrants. Considering lower foraging effort and lower thermoregulation costs during winter for long-distance migrants, this suggests that the energetic benefits during the winter of foraging in the GM outweigh any negative consequences of the longer-distance migration. These results support the notion that the costs and benefits of short and long-distance migration is broadly equal on an annual basis, i.e. there are no apparent carry-over effects in this long-lived bird species, probably because of the favourable conditions in the furthest wintering area.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pelletier
- Département de biologie, Cégep de Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
- Département de biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Yannick Seyer
- Département de biologie and Centre d’études nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Stefan Garthe
- Research and Technology Centre (FTZ), University of Kiel, Buesum, Germany
| | - Salomé Bonnefoi
- Département de biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
| | - Richard A. Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Magella Guillemette
- Département de biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada
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21
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Whelan S, Hatch SA, Irons DB, McKnight A, Elliott KH. Increased summer food supply decreases non-breeding movement in black-legged kittiwakes. Biol Lett 2020; 16:20190725. [PMID: 31937217 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2019.0725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Individual condition at one stage of the annual cycle is expected to influence behaviour during subsequent stages, yet experimental evidence of food-mediated carry-over effects is scarce. We used a food supplementation experiment to test the effects of food supply during the breeding season on migration phenology and non-breeding behaviour. We provided an unlimited supply of fish to black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) during their breeding season on Middleton Island, Alaska, monitored reproductive phenology and breeding success, and used light-level geolocation to observe non-breeding behaviour. Among successful breeders, fed kittiwakes departed the colony earlier than unfed controls. Fed kittiwakes travelled less than controls during the breeding season, contracting their non-breeding range. Our results demonstrate that food supply during the breeding season affects non-breeding phenology, movement and distribution, providing a potential behavioural mechanism underlying observed survival costs of reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Whelan
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
| | - Scott A Hatch
- Institute for Seabird Research and Conservation, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - David B Irons
- Migratory Bird Management, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Alyson McKnight
- School of Biodiversity Conservation, Unity College, Unity, ME, USA
| | - Kyle H Elliott
- Department of Natural Resources Sciences, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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22
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Pastor-Prieto M, Ramos R, Zajková Z, Reyes-González JM, Rivas ML, Ryan PG, González-Solís J. Spatial ecology, phenological variability and moulting patterns of the Endangered Atlantic petrel Pterodroma incerta. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2019. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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23
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Morrill A, Provencher JF, Gilchrist HG, Mallory ML, Forbes MR. Anti-parasite treatment results in decreased estimated survival with increasing lead (Pb) levels in the common eider Somateria mollissima. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191356. [PMID: 31480973 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Field experiments where parasites are removed through treatment and contaminant levels in host tissues are recorded can provide insight into the combined effects of parasitism and contaminants in wild populations. In 2013 and 2014, we treated northern common eider ducks (Somateria mollissima) arriving at a breeding colony with either a broad-spectrum antihelminthic (PANACUR®) or distilled water, and measured their blood lead (Pb) levels. Breeding propensity and clutch sizes were inversely related to Pb in both treatment groups. In comparison, a negative effect of Pb on resight probability the following year was observed only in the anti-parasitic treatment (APT) group. These contrasting patterns suggest a long-term benefit to survival of intestinal parasitism in eiders experiencing Pb exposure. The arrival date of hens explained some, but not all, of the effects of Pb. We weigh the merits of different hypotheses in explaining our results, including protective bioaccumulation of Pb by parasites, condition-linked thresholds to costly reproduction and the direct effects of APT on eider health. We conclude that variation in helminth parasitism influences survival in this migratory bird in counterintuitive ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Morrill
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
| | - J F Provencher
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada.,Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Gatineau, Canada
| | - H G Gilchrist
- Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - M L Mallory
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, Canada
| | - M R Forbes
- Biology Department, Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada
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24
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De Felipe F, Reyes‐González JM, Militão T, Neves VC, Bried J, Oro D, Ramos R, González‐Solís J. Does sexual segregation occur during the nonbreeding period? A comparative analysis in spatial and feeding ecology of three Calonectris shearwaters. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:10145-10162. [PMID: 31624542 PMCID: PMC6787824 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual segregation (SS) is widespread among animal taxa, with males and females segregated in distribution, behavior, or feeding ecology but so far, most studies on birds have focused on the breeding period. Outside this period, the relevance of segregation and the potential drivers of its persistence remain elusive, especially in the marine environment, where animals can disperse over vast areas and are not easily observed. We evaluated the degree of SS in spatio-temporal distribution and phenology, at-sea behavior, and feeding ecology during the nonbreeding period among three closely related shearwaters: Scopoli's, Cory's, and Cape Verde shearwaters (Calonectris diomedea, C. borealis, and C. edwardsii, respectively). We tracked 179 birds (92 males and 87 females) from 2008 to 2013 using geolocation-immersion loggers and collected the 13th secondary remige (molted in winter) for stable isotope analyses as a proxy of trophic level and diet. The global nonbreeding distribution did not differ between sexes for the three species, but one specific nonbreeding area was visited only by males. Cory's shearwater males remained in areas closer to the colony in a larger proportion compared to females and returned earlier to the colony, probably to defend their nests. Males presented a slightly lower nocturnal flying activity and slightly (but consistently) higher isotopic values of δ13C and δ15N compared to females. These differences suggest subtle sexual differences in diet and a slightly higher trophic level in males, but the extent to which sexual dimorphism in bill size can determine them remains unclear. Our study showed that SS in ecological niche in seabirds can persist year-round consistently but at a different extent when comparing the breeding and nonbreeding periods. Based on our findings, we propose that SS in these seabird species might have its origin in an ecological specialization derived from the different roles of males and females during reproduction, rather than from social dominance during the nonbreeding period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda De Felipe
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - José M. Reyes‐González
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Teresa Militão
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Verónica C. Neves
- Centro OkeanosMARE (Marine and Environmental Science Centre)IMAR (Institute of Marine Research)Universidade dos AçoresHortaPortugal
| | - Joël Bried
- Centro OkeanosMARE (Marine and Environmental Science Centre)IMAR (Institute of Marine Research)Universidade dos AçoresHortaPortugal
| | - Daniel Oro
- Institut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avancats, CSIC‐UIBEsporlesSpain
- Centre d'Estudis Avancats de Blanes‐CSICBlanesSpain
| | - Raül Ramos
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
| | - Jacob González‐Solís
- Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències AmbientalsFacultat de BiologiaInstitut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio)Universitat de BarcelonaBarcelonaSpain
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25
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Berg M, Linnebjerg JF, Taylor G, Ismar-Rebitz SMH, Bell M, Gaskin CP, Åkesson S, Rayner MJ. Year-round distribution, activity patterns and habitat use of a poorly studied pelagic seabird, the fluttering shearwater Puffinus gavia. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219986. [PMID: 31386672 PMCID: PMC6684076 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the first study to examine the year-round distribution, activity patterns, and habitat use of one of New Zealand’s most common seabirds, the fluttering shearwater (Puffinus gavia). Seven adults from Burgess Island, in the Hauraki Gulf, and one individual from Long Island, in the Marlborough Sounds, were successfully tracked with combined light-saltwater immersion loggers for one to three years. Our tracking data confirms that fluttering shearwaters employ different overwintering dispersal strategies, where three out of eight individuals, for at least one of the three years when they were being tracked, crossed the Tasman Sea to forage over coastal waters along eastern Tasmania and southeastern Australia. Resident birds stayed confined to waters of northern and central New Zealand year-round. Although birds frequently foraged over pelagic shelf waters, the majority of tracking locations were found over shallow waters close to the coast. All birds foraged predominantly in daylight and frequently visited the colony at night throughout the year. We found no significant inter-seasonal differences in the activity patterns, or between migratory and resident individuals. Although further studies of inter-colony variation in different age groups will be necessary, this study presents novel insights into year-round distribution, activity patterns and habitat use of the fluttering shearwater, which provide valuable baseline information for conservation as well as for further ecological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Berg
- Centre for Animal Movement Research, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail: (MB); (SÅ)
| | - Jannie F. Linnebjerg
- Centre for Animal Movement Research, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Graeme Taylor
- New Zealand Department of Conservation, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Stefanie M. H. Ismar-Rebitz
- Experimental Ecology - Benthos Ecology, GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mike Bell
- Wildlife Management International Limited, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Susanne Åkesson
- Centre for Animal Movement Research, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- * E-mail: (MB); (SÅ)
| | - Matt J. Rayner
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Auckland Museum, Auckland, New Zealand
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26
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Ponchon A, Cornulier T, Hedd A, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. Effect of breeding performance on the distribution and activity budgets of a predominantly resident population of black-browed albatrosses. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:8702-8713. [PMID: 31410273 PMCID: PMC6686306 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelagic seabirds breeding at high latitudes generally split their annual cycle between reproduction, migration, and wintering. During the breeding season, they are constrained in their foraging range due to reproduction while during winter months, and they often undertake long-distance migrations. Black-browed albatrosses (Thalassarche melanophris) nesting in the Falkland archipelago remain within 700 km from their breeding colonies all year-round and can therefore be considered as resident. Accordingly, at-sea activity patterns are expected to be adjusted to the absence of migration. Likewise, breeding performance is expected to affect foraging, flying, and floating activities, as failed individuals are relieved from reproduction earlier than successful ones. Using geolocators coupled with a saltwater immersion sensor, we detailed the spatial distribution and temporal dynamics of at-sea activity budgets of successful and failed breeding black-browed albatrosses nesting in New Island, Falklands archipelago, over the breeding and subsequent nonbreeding season. The 90% monthly kernel distribution of failed and successful breeders suggested no spatial segregation. Both groups followed the same dynamics of foraging effort both during daylight and darkness all year, except during chick-rearing, when successful breeders foraged more intensively. Failed and successful breeders started decreasing flying activities during daylight at the same time, 2-3 weeks after hatching period, but failed breeders reached their maximum floating activity during late chick-rearing, 2 months before successful breeders. Moon cycle had a significant effect on activity budgets during darkness, with individuals generally more active during full moon. Our results highlight that successful breeders buffer potential reproductive costs during the nonbreeding season, and this provides a better understanding of how individuals adjust their spatial distribution and activity budgets according to their breeding performance in absence of migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Ponchon
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreISPA – Insituto UniversitárioLisboaPortugal
- School of Biological SciencesUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK
| | | | - April Hedd
- Psychology DepartmentMemorial University of NewfoundlandSt. John'sNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
- Environment and Climate Change CanadaMount PearlNewfoundland and LabradorCanada
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de CiênciasCESAM, Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences CentreISPA – Insituto UniversitárioLisboaPortugal
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27
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Campioni L, Dias MP, Granadeiro JP, Catry P. An ontogenetic perspective on migratory strategy of a long‐lived pelagic seabird: Timings and destinations change progressively during maturation. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:29-43. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Campioni
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
| | - Maria Peixe Dias
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
- Birdlife International Cambridge UK
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- Departamento de Biologia Animal, CESAM Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa Portugal
| | - Paulo Catry
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Center ISPA – Instituto Universitário Lisboa Portugal
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28
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Dhanjal‐Adams KL, Fuller RA, Murray NJ, Studds CE, Wilson HB, Milton DA, Kendall BE. Distinguishing local and global correlates of population change in migratory species. DIVERS DISTRIB 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kiran L. Dhanjal‐Adams
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Swiss Ornithological Institute Sempach Switzerland
| | - Richard A. Fuller
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Murray
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science University of New South Wales Sydney New South Wales Australia
| | - Colin E. Studds
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
- Department of Geography and Environmental Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County Baltimore Maryland
| | - Howard B. Wilson
- School of Biological Sciences University of Queensland Brisbane Queensland Australia
| | | | - Bruce E. Kendall
- Bren School of Environmental Science & Management University of California Santa Barbara California
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29
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Gow EA, Burke L, Winkler DW, Knight SM, Bradley DW, Clark RG, Bélisle M, Berzins LL, Blake T, Bridge ES, Dawson RD, Dunn PO, Garant D, Holroyd G, Horn AG, Hussell DJT, Lansdorp O, Laughlin AJ, Leonard ML, Pelletier F, Shutler D, Siefferman L, Taylor CM, Trefry H, Vleck CM, Vleck D, Whittingham LA, Norris DR. A range-wide domino effect and resetting of the annual cycle in a migratory songbird. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20181916. [PMID: 30963870 PMCID: PMC6367182 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2018.1916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Latitudinal differences in timing of breeding are well documented but how such differences carry over to influence timing of events in the annual cycle of migratory birds is not well understood. We examined geographical variation in timing of events throughout the year using light-level geolocator tracking data from 133 migratory tree swallows ( Tachycineta bicolor) originating from 12 North American breeding populations. A swallow's breeding latitude influenced timing of breeding, which then carried over to affect breeding ground departure. This resulted in subsequent effects on the arrival and departure schedules at autumn stopover locations and timing of arrival at non-breeding locations. This 'domino effect' between timing events was no longer apparent by the time individuals departed for spring migration. Our range-wide analysis demonstrates the lasting impact breeding latitude can have on migration schedules but also highlights how such timing relationships can reset when individuals reside at non-breeding sites for extended periods of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A. Gow
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
| | - Lauren Burke
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | - David W. Winkler
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Museum of Vertebrates, Laboratory of Ornithology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Samantha M. Knight
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
| | | | - Robert G. Clark
- Environment and Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, CanadaS7N 0X4
| | - Marc Bélisle
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Lisha L. Berzins
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, CanadaV2N 4Z9
| | - Tricia Blake
- Alaska Songbird Institute, Fairbanks, AK 99708, USA
| | - Eli S. Bridge
- Oklahoma Biological Survey, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019, USA
| | - Russell D. Dawson
- Ecosystem Science and Management Program, University of Northern British Columbia, Prince George, British Columbia, CanadaV2N 4Z9
| | - Peter O. Dunn
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - Dany Garant
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Geoff Holroyd
- Beaverhill Bird Observatory, Box 1418, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT5J 2N5
| | - Andrew G. Horn
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | | | - Olga Lansdorp
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CanadaV5A 1S6
| | - Andrew J. Laughlin
- Department of Environmental Studies, UNC Asheville, Asheville, NC 28804, USA
| | - Marty L. Leonard
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, CanadaB3H 4R2
| | - Fanie Pelletier
- Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Québec, CanadaJ1K 2R1
| | - Dave Shutler
- Department of Biology, Acadia University, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, CanadaB4P 2R6
| | - Lynn Siefferman
- Department of Biology, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
| | - Caz M. Taylor
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
| | - Helen Trefry
- Beaverhill Bird Observatory, Box 1418, Edmonton, Alberta, CanadaT5J 2N5
| | - Carol M. Vleck
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020, USA
| | - David Vleck
- Department of Ecology, Evolution and Organismal Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1020, USA
| | - Linda A. Whittingham
- Behavioral and Molecular Ecology Group, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA
| | - D. Ryan Norris
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaN1G 2W1
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30
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Ramos R, Llabrés V, Monclús L, López-Béjar M, González-Solís J. Costs of breeding are rapidly buffered and do not affect migratory behavior in a long-lived bird species. Ecology 2018; 99:2010-2024. [DOI: 10.1002/ecy.2435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Raül Ramos
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA); Faculty of Biology; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Universitat de Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Victoria Llabrés
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA); Faculty of Biology; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Universitat de Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Laura Monclús
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy; Veterinary Faculty; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Manel López-Béjar
- Department of Animal Health and Anatomy; Veterinary Faculty; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; 08193 Bellaterra Spain
| | - Jacob González-Solís
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences (BEECA); Faculty of Biology; Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Universitat de Barcelona; Av Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
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31
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Kristensen NP, Johansson J, Chisholm RA, Smith HG, Kokko H. Carryover effects from natal habitat type upon competitive ability lead to trait divergence or source-sink dynamics. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1341-1352. [PMID: 29938889 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Local adaptation to rare habitats is difficult due to gene flow, but can occur if the habitat has higher productivity. Differences in offspring phenotypes have attracted little attention in this context. We model a scenario where the rarer habitat improves offspring's later competitive ability - a carryover effect that operates on top of local adaptation to one or the other habitat type. Assuming localised dispersal, so the offspring tend to settle in similar habitat to the natal type, the superior competitive ability of offspring remaining in the rarer habitat hampers immigration from the majority habitat. This initiates a positive feedback between local adaptation and trait divergence, which can thereafter be reinforced by coevolution with dispersal traits that match ecotype to habitat type. Rarity strengthens selection on dispersal traits and promotes linkage disequilibrium between locally adapted traits and ecotype-habitat matching dispersal. We propose that carryover effects may initiate isolation by ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ryan A Chisholm
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore City, Singapore
| | - Henrik G Smith
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Centre of Environmental and Climate Research, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Hanna Kokko
- Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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32
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Briedis M, Krist M, Král M, Voigt CC, Adamík P. Linking events throughout the annual cycle in a migratory bird—non-breeding period buffers accumulation of carry-over effects. Behav Ecol Sociobiol 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00265-018-2509-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Desprez M, Jenouvrier S, Barbraud C, Delord K, Weimerskirch H. Linking oceanographic conditions, migratory schedules and foraging behaviour during the non‐breeding season to reproductive performance in a long‐lived seabird. Funct Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marine Desprez
- Biology Department MS‐50 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole Massachusetts
| | - Stéphanie Jenouvrier
- Biology Department MS‐50 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Woods Hole Massachusetts
| | - Christophe Barbraud
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS/Université La Rochelle Villiers en Bois France
| | - Karine Delord
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS/Université La Rochelle Villiers en Bois France
| | - Henri Weimerskirch
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé UMR 7372 CNRS/Université La Rochelle Villiers en Bois France
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34
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Reid JM, Travis JMJ, Daunt F, Burthe SJ, Wanless S, Dytham C. Population and evolutionary dynamics in spatially structured seasonally varying environments. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1578-1603. [PMID: 29575449 PMCID: PMC6849584 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly imperative objectives in ecology are to understand and forecast population dynamic and evolutionary responses to seasonal environmental variation and change. Such population and evolutionary dynamics result from immediate and lagged responses of all key life‐history traits, and resulting demographic rates that affect population growth rate, to seasonal environmental conditions and population density. However, existing population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary theory and models have not yet fully encompassed within‐individual and among‐individual variation, covariation, structure and heterogeneity, and ongoing evolution, in a critical life‐history trait that allows individuals to respond to seasonal environmental conditions: seasonal migration. Meanwhile, empirical studies aided by new animal‐tracking technologies are increasingly demonstrating substantial within‐population variation in the occurrence and form of migration versus year‐round residence, generating diverse forms of ‘partial migration’ spanning diverse species, habitats and spatial scales. Such partially migratory systems form a continuum between the extreme scenarios of full migration and full year‐round residence, and are commonplace in nature. Here, we first review basic scenarios of partial migration and associated models designed to identify conditions that facilitate the maintenance of migratory polymorphism. We highlight that such models have been fundamental to the development of partial migration theory, but are spatially and demographically simplistic compared to the rich bodies of population dynamic theory and models that consider spatially structured populations with dispersal but no migration, or consider populations experiencing strong seasonality and full obligate migration. Second, to provide an overarching conceptual framework for spatio‐temporal population dynamics, we define a ‘partially migratory meta‐population’ system as a spatially structured set of locations that can be occupied by different sets of resident and migrant individuals in different seasons, and where locations that can support reproduction can also be linked by dispersal. We outline key forms of within‐individual and among‐individual variation and structure in migration that could arise within such systems and interact with variation in individual survival, reproduction and dispersal to create complex population dynamics and evolutionary responses across locations, seasons, years and generations. Third, we review approaches by which population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary models could be developed to test hypotheses regarding the dynamics and persistence of partially migratory meta‐populations given diverse forms of seasonal environmental variation and change, and to forecast system‐specific dynamics. To demonstrate one such approach, we use an evolutionary individual‐based model to illustrate that multiple forms of partial migration can readily co‐exist in a simple spatially structured landscape. Finally, we summarise recent empirical studies that demonstrate key components of demographic structure in partial migration, and demonstrate diverse associations with reproduction and survival. We thereby identify key theoretical and empirical knowledge gaps that remain, and consider multiple complementary approaches by which these gaps can be filled in order to elucidate population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary responses to spatio‐temporal seasonal environmental variation and change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Reid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | - Justin M J Travis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | - Francis Daunt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Sarah J Burthe
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Sarah Wanless
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Calvin Dytham
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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35
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Yagi KT, Green DM. Post-Metamorphic Carry-Over Effects in a Complex Life History: Behavior and Growth at Two Life Stages in an Amphibian,Anaxyrus fowleri. COPEIA 2018. [DOI: 10.1643/ce-17-593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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36
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Flexible migratory choices of Cory's shearwaters are not driven by shifts in prevailing air currents. Sci Rep 2018; 8:3376. [PMID: 29463896 PMCID: PMC5820337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21608-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Wind conditions strongly affect migratory costs and shape flyways and detours for many birds, especially soaring birds. However, whether winds also influence individual variability in migratory choices is an unexplored question. Cory’s shearwaters (Calonectris borealis) exhibit migratory flexibility, changing non-breeding destination across the Atlantic Ocean within and between years. Here, we investigated how wind dynamics affect the spatiotemporal migratory behaviour and whether they influence individual choices of non-breeding destination. We analysed 168 GLS tracks of migratory Cory’s shearwaters over five years in relation to concurrent wind data. We found no evidence for an association of the use of specific paths or destinations with particular wind conditions. Our results suggest that shearwaters deliberately choose their non-breeding destination, even when the choice entails longer distances and higher energetic costs for displacement due to unfavourable wind conditions en route. Favourable winds trigger migration only when directed towards specific areas but not to others. Despite their dependence on wind for dynamic soaring, Cory’s shearwaters show a high individuality in migratory behaviour that cannot be explained by individual birds encountering different meteorological conditions at departure or during migratory movements.
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37
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Souchay G, van Wijk RE, Schaub M, Bauer S. Identifying drivers of breeding success in a long-distance migrant using structural equation modelling. OIKOS 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Souchay
- Swiss Ornithological Inst.; Sempach Switzerland
- ONCFS - DRE Unité Faune de Plaine, Parc d'Affaires la Rivière 8 Bd Albert Einstein Bât. B - CS 42355; FR-44323 Nantes France
| | - Rien E. van Wijk
- Swiss Ornithological Inst.; Sempach Switzerland
- Inst. of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, Univ. of Zürich; Zürich Switzerland
| | - Michael Schaub
- Swiss Ornithological Inst.; Sempach Switzerland
- Inst. of Ecology and Evolution, Division of Conservation Biology, Univ. of Bern; Bern Switzerland
| | - Silke Bauer
- Swiss Ornithological Inst.; Sempach Switzerland
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38
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Baylis AMM, Orben RA, Costa DP, Tierney M, Brickle P, Staniland IJ. Habitat use and spatial fidelity of male South American sea lions during the nonbreeding period. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:3992-4002. [PMID: 28616194 PMCID: PMC5468127 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.2972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Conditions experienced during the nonbreeding period have profound long‐term effects on individual fitness and survival. Therefore, knowledge of habitat use during the nonbreeding period can provide insights into processes that regulate populations. At the Falkland Islands, the habitat use of South American sea lions (Otaria flavescens) during the nonbreeding period is of particular interest because the population is yet to recover from a catastrophic decline between the mid‐1930s and 1965, and nonbreeding movements are poorly understood. Here, we assessed the habitat use of adult male (n = 13) and juvenile male (n = 6) South American sea lions at the Falkland Islands using satellite tags and stable isotope analysis of vibrissae. Male South American sea lions behaved like central place foragers. Foraging trips were restricted to the Patagonian Shelf and were typically short in distance and duration (127 ± 66 km and 4.1 ± 2.0 days, respectively). Individual male foraging trips were also typically characterized by a high degree of foraging site fidelity. However, the isotopic niche of adult males was smaller than juvenile males, which suggested that adult males were more consistent in their use of foraging habitats and prey over time. Our findings differ from male South American sea lions in Chile and Argentina, which undertake extended movements during the nonbreeding period. Hence, throughout their breeding range, male South American sea lions have diverse movement patterns during the nonbreeding period that intuitively reflects differences in the predictability or accessibility of preferred prey. Our findings challenge the long‐standing notion that South American sea lions undertake a winter migration away from the Falkland Islands. Therefore, impediments to South American sea lion population recovery likely originate locally and conservation measures at a national level are likely to be effective in addressing the decline and the failure of the population to recover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alastair M M Baylis
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney NSW Australia.,Icelandic Seal Centre Hvammstangi Iceland.,South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute Stanley Falkland Islands
| | - Rachael A Orben
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Hatfield Marine Science Center Oregon State University Newport OR USA
| | - Daniel P Costa
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology University of California Santa Cruz CA USA
| | - Megan Tierney
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute Stanley Falkland Islands
| | - Paul Brickle
- South Atlantic Environmental Research Institute Stanley Falkland Islands.,School of Biological Science (Zoology) University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK
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39
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Krüger L, Ramos JA, Xavier JC, Grémillet D, González-Solís J, Kolbeinsson Y, Militão T, Navarro J, Petry MV, Phillips RA, Ramírez I, Reyes-González JM, Ryan PG, Sigurðsson IA, Van Sebille E, Wanless RM, Paiva VH. Identification of candidate pelagic marine protected areas through a seabird seasonal-, multispecific- and extinction risk-based approach. Anim Conserv 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/acv.12339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Krüger
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Science Centre; Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais INCT-APA; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
| | - J. A. Ramos
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Science Centre; Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
| | - J. C. Xavier
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Science Centre; Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
| | - D. Grémillet
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; UMR 5175; CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; Montpellier France
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; DST-NRF Centre of Excellence; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch South Africa
| | - J. González-Solís
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Y. Kolbeinsson
- Northeast Iceland Nature Research Centre; Húsavík Iceland
| | - T. Militão
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - J. Navarro
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive; UMR 5175; CNRS - Université de Montpellier - Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier - EPHE; Montpellier France
- Conservation Biology Department; Estación Biológica de Doñana; Sevilla Spain
| | - M. V. Petry
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Antártico de Pesquisas Ambientais INCT-APA; Rio de Janeiro Brasil
- Laboratório de Ornitologia e Animais Marinhos; Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos; São Leopoldo Brasil
| | - R. A. Phillips
- British Antarctic Survey; Natural Environment Research Council; Cambridge UK
| | - I. Ramírez
- Head of Conservation for Europe and Central Asia; Birdlife International; Cambridge UK
| | - J. M. Reyes-González
- Department of Animal Biology and Biodiversity Research Institute (IRBio); Faculty of Biology; University of Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - P. G. Ryan
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; DST-NRF Centre of Excellence; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch South Africa
| | | | - E. Van Sebille
- Grantham Institute & Department of Physics; Imperial College London; London UK
| | - R. M. Wanless
- Percy FitzPatrick Institute of African Ornithology; DST-NRF Centre of Excellence; University of Cape Town; Rondebosch South Africa
- Seabird Conservation Programme; BirdLife South Africa; Johannesburg South Africa
| | - V. H. Paiva
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Science Centre; Department of Life Sciences; University of Coimbra; Coimbra Portugal
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40
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Ponchon A, Iliszko L, Grémillet D, Tveraa T, Boulinier T. Intense prospecting movements of failed breeders nesting in an unsuccessful breeding subcolony. Anim Behav 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Saino N, Ambrosini R, Caprioli M, Romano A, Romano M, Rubolini D, Scandolara C, Liechti F. Sex-dependent carry-over effects on timing of reproduction and fecundity of a migratory bird. J Anim Ecol 2017; 86:239-249. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Saino
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
| | - Roberto Ambrosini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences; University of Milano-Bicocca; Piazza della Scienza 2 I-20126 Milan Italy
| | - Manuela Caprioli
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
| | - Andrea Romano
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
| | - Maria Romano
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
| | - Diego Rubolini
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
| | - Chiara Scandolara
- Department of Biosciences; University of Milan; Via Celoria 26 I-20133 Milan Italy
- Swiss Ornithological Insititute; Seerose 1 CH-6204 Sempach Switzerland
| | - Felix Liechti
- Swiss Ornithological Insititute; Seerose 1 CH-6204 Sempach Switzerland
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42
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Shoji A, Aris-Brosou S, Culina A, Fayet A, Kirk H, Padget O, Juarez-Martinez I, Boyle D, Nakata T, Perrins CM, Guilford T. Breeding phenology and winter activity predict subsequent breeding success in a trans-global migratory seabird. Biol Lett 2016; 11:rsbl.2015.0671. [PMID: 26510674 PMCID: PMC4650180 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inter-seasonal events are believed to connect and affect reproductive performance (RP) in animals. However, much remains unknown about such carry-over effects (COEs), in particular how behaviour patterns during highly mobile life-history stages, such as migration, affect RP. To address this question, we measured at-sea behaviour in a long-lived migratory seabird, the Manx shearwater (Puffinus puffinus) and obtained data for individual migration cycles over 5 years, by tracking with geolocator/immersion loggers, along with 6 years of RP data. We found that individual breeding and non-breeding phenology correlated with subsequent RP, with birds hyperactive during winter more likely to fail to reproduce. Furthermore, parental investment during one year influenced breeding success during the next, a COE reflecting the trade-off between current and future RP. Our results suggest that different life-history stages interact to influence RP in the next breeding season, so that behaviour patterns during winter may be important determinants of variation in subsequent fitness among individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shoji
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - S Aris-Brosou
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - A Culina
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - A Fayet
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - H Kirk
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - O Padget
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - I Juarez-Martinez
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - D Boyle
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - T Nakata
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - C M Perrins
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - T Guilford
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
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43
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Graham CH, Supp SR, Powers DR, Beck P, Lim MCW, Shankar A, Cormier T, Goetz S, Wethington SM. Winter conditions influence biological responses of migrating hummingbirds. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine H. Graham
- Ecology and Evolution Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Sarah R. Supp
- Ecology and Evolution Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Donald R. Powers
- Biology Department George Fox University Newberg Oregon 97132 USA
| | - Pieter Beck
- Woods Hole Research Center Falmouth Massachusetts 02540 USA
| | - Marisa C. W. Lim
- Ecology and Evolution Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Anusha Shankar
- Ecology and Evolution Department Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Tina Cormier
- Woods Hole Research Center Falmouth Massachusetts 02540 USA
| | - Scott Goetz
- Woods Hole Research Center Falmouth Massachusetts 02540 USA
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44
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Catry P, Campos AR, Granadeiro JP, Neto JM, Ramos J, Newton J, Bearhop S. Provenance does matter: links between winter trophic segregation and the migratory origins of European robins. Oecologia 2016; 182:985-994. [PMID: 27638183 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3725-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amongst migratory species, it is common to find individuals from different populations or geographical origins sharing staging or wintering areas. Given their differing life histories, ecological theory would predict that the different groups of individuals should exhibit some level of niche segregation. This has rarely been investigated because of the difficulty in assigning migrating individuals to breeding areas. Here, we start by documenting a broad geographical gradient of hydrogen isotopes (δ 2H) in robin Erithacus rubecula feathers across Europe. We then use δ 2H, as well as wing-tip shape, as surrogates for broad migratory origin of birds wintering in Iberia, to investigate the ecological segregation of populations. Wintering robins of different sexes, ages and body sizes are known to segregate between habitats in Iberia. This has been attributed to the despotic exclusion of inferior competitors from the best patches by dominant individuals. We find no segregation between habitats in relation to δ 2H in feathers, or to wing-tip shape, which suggests that no major asymmetries in competitive ability exist between migrant robins of different origins. Trophic level (inferred from nitrogen isotopes in blood) correlated both with δ 2H in feathers and with wing-tip shape, showing that individuals from different geographic origins display a degree of ecological segregation in shared winter quarters. Isotopic mixing models indicate that wintering birds originating from more northerly populations consume more invertebrates. Our multi-scale study suggests that trophic-niche segregation may result from specializations (arising in the population-specific breeding areas) that are transported by the migrants into the shared wintering grounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Catry
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Ana R Campos
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Júlio M Neto
- CIBIO/UP, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Ecology and Evolution Lab, MEMEG, Department of Biology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jaime Ramos
- MARE, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3000-456, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jason Newton
- NERC Life Sciences Mass Spectrometry Facility, SUERC, Rankine Avenue, East Kilbride, Glasgow, G75 0QF, UK.,Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
| | - Stuart Bearhop
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Cornwall Campus, Exeter, TR10 9FE, UK
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45
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Fayet AL, Freeman R, Shoji A, Kirk HL, Padget O, Perrins CM, Guilford T. Carry-over effects on the annual cycle of a migratory seabird: an experimental study. J Anim Ecol 2016; 85:1516-1527. [PMID: 27576353 PMCID: PMC5298041 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Long‐lived migratory animals must balance the cost of current reproduction with their own condition ahead of a challenging migration and future reproduction. In these species, carry‐over effects, which occur when events in one season affect the outcome of the subsequent season, may be particularly exacerbated. However, how carry‐over effects influence future breeding outcomes and whether (and how) they also affect behaviour during migration and wintering is unclear. Here we investigate carry‐over effects induced by a controlled, bidirectional manipulation of the duration of reproductive effort on the migratory, wintering and subsequent breeding behaviour of a long‐lived migratory seabird, the Manx shearwater Puffinus puffinus. By cross‐fostering chicks of different age between nests, we successfully prolonged or shortened by ∼25% the chick‐rearing period of 42 breeding pairs. We tracked the adults with geolocators over the subsequent year and combined migration route data with at‐sea activity budgets obtained from high‐resolution saltwater‐immersion data. Migratory behaviour was also recorded during non‐experimental years (the year before and/or two years after manipulation) for a subset of birds, allowing comparison between experimental and non‐experimental years within treatment groups. All birds cared for chicks until normal fledging age, resulting in birds with a longer breeding period delaying their departure on migration; however, birds that finished breeding earlier did not start migrating earlier. Increased reproductive effort resulted in less time spent at the wintering grounds, a reduction in time spent resting daily and a delayed start of breeding with lighter eggs and chicks and lower breeding success the following breeding season. Conversely, reduced reproductive effort resulted in more time resting and less time foraging during the winter, but a similar breeding phenology and success compared with control birds the following year, suggesting that ‘positive’ carry‐over effects may also occur but perhaps have a less long‐lasting impact than those incurred from increased reproductive effort. Our results shed light on how carry‐over effects can develop and modify an adult animal's behaviour year‐round and reveal how a complex interaction between current and future reproductive fitness, individual condition and external constraints can influence life‐history decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette L Fayet
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Robin Freeman
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, UK
| | - Akiko Shoji
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Holly L Kirk
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Padget
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Chris M Perrins
- Edward Grey Institute, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Tim Guilford
- Oxford Navigation Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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46
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Proximate drivers of spatial segregation in non-breeding albatrosses. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29932. [PMID: 27443877 PMCID: PMC4956756 DOI: 10.1038/srep29932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many animals partition resources to avoid competition, and in colonially-breeding species this often leads to divergent space or habitat use. During the non-breeding season, foraging constraints are relaxed, yet the patterns and drivers of segregation both between and within populations are poorly understood. We modelled habitat preference to examine how extrinsic (habitat availability and intra-specific competition) and intrinsic factors (population, sex and breeding outcome) influence the distributions of non-breeding grey-headed albatrosses Thalassarche chrysostoma tracked from two major populations, South Georgia (Atlantic Ocean) and the Prince Edward Islands (Indian Ocean). Spatial segregation was greater than expected, reflecting distinct seasonal differences in habitat selection and accessibility, and avoidance of intra-specific competition with local breeders. Previously failed birds segregated spatially from successful birds during summer, when they used less productive waters, suggesting a link between breeding outcome and subsequent habitat selection. In contrast, we found weak evidence of sexual segregation, which did not reflect a difference in habitat use. Our results indicate that the large-scale spatial structuring of albatross distributions results from interactions between extrinsic and intrinsic factors, with important implications for population dynamics. As habitat preferences differed substantially between colonies, populations should be considered independently when identifying critical areas for protection.
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47
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Pérez C, Granadeiro JP, Dias MP, Catry P. Sex and migratory strategy influence corticosterone levels in winter-grown feathers, with positive breeding effects in a migratory pelagic seabird. Oecologia 2016; 181:1025-33. [PMID: 27053322 DOI: 10.1007/s00442-016-3625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
To overcome unpredictable stressful transitory events, animals trigger an allostatic response involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal cortex. This hormonal response, which involves the release of glucocorticoids which in turn mediate between the main physiological mechanisms that regulate the energetic demands and resource allocation trade-off with behavioural responses to environmental perturbations and may ultimately lead to variation in fitness. We have used the Cory's shearwater Calonectris borealis, a sexually dimorphic pelagic seabird with a partial migratory strategy, as a model bird species to analyse a number of traits related to the stress response. We investigated whether the activation of a stressful response, mediated by corticosterone, during the wintering period (1) correlated with the previous breeding success, (2) was affected by the migratory behaviour of male birds and (3) had consequences in the fitness of the birds. Corticosterone levels in feathers grown overwinter were analysed in 61 adult birds during three consecutive migratory periods (2009-2012) and in 14 immature birds in the wintering period 2010-2011. Moreover, the levels of corticosterone were analysed in experimental birds which were freed from their reproductive duties and compared with control birds which raised fledglings to the end of the breeding period. The results show that the levels of corticosterone were sex dependent, differed between years and were affected by the migratory strategy performed by the birds. The activation of the stressful response over the wintering period generated residual carry-over effects that positively affected the reproductive output in the subsequent breeding stage, a phenomenon previously undescribed in a long-lived pelagic seabird. Our study provides evidence that the analysis of corticosterone from feathers is a useful tool to evaluate carry-over effects in birds far away from breeding sites, opening new possibilities for future studies in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Pérez
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal.
- Department of Ecology and Animal Biology, University of Vigo, 36310, Pontevedra, Spain.
| | - José Pedro Granadeiro
- CESAM and Departamento de Biologia Animal, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria P Dias
- BirdLife International, Wellbrook Court, Girton Road, Cambridge, CB3 0NA, UK
| | - Paulo Catry
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre (MARE), ISPA-Instituto Universitário, Rua Jardim do Tabaco 34, 1149-041, Lisbon, Portugal
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48
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Paiva VH, Fagundes AI, Romão V, Gouveia C, Ramos JA. Population-Scale Foraging Segregation in an Apex Predator of the North Atlantic. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0151340. [PMID: 27003687 PMCID: PMC4803222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work we investigated the between-colony spatial, behavioural and trophic segregation of two sub-populations of the elusive Macaronesian shearwaters Puffinus baroli breeding only ~340 km apart in Cima Islet (Porto Santo Island) and Selvagem Grande Island. Global location sensing (gls) loggers were used in combination with the trophic ecology of tracked individuals, inferred from the isotopic signatures of wing feathers. Results suggest that these two Macaronesian shearwater sub-populations do segregate during the non-breeding period in some ‘sub-population-specific’ regions, by responding to different oceanographic characteristics (habitat modelling). Within these disparate areas, both sub-populations behave differently (at-sea activity) and prey on disparate trophic niches (stable isotope analysis). One hypothesis would be that each sub-population have evolved and adapted to feed on particular and ‘sub-population-specific’ resources, and the segregation observed at the three different levels (spatial, behavioural and trophic) might be in fact a result of such adaptation, from the emergence of ‘cultural foraging patterns’. Finally, when comparing to the results of former studies reporting on the spatial, behavioural and trophic choices of Macaronesian shearwater populations breeding on Azores and Canary Islands, we realized the high ecological plasticity of this species inhabiting and foraging over the North-East Atlantic Ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitor H. Paiva
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004–517 Coimbra, Portugal
- * E-mail:
| | - Ana I. Fagundes
- SPEA – Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Travessa das Torres 2A 1°, 9060–314 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Vera Romão
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004–517 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cátia Gouveia
- SPEA – Sociedade Portuguesa para o Estudo das Aves, Travessa das Torres 2A 1°, 9060–314 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Jaime A. Ramos
- MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, 3004–517 Coimbra, Portugal
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49
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Yamamoto T, Watanuki Y, Hazen EL, Nishizawa B, Sasaki H, Takahashi A. Statistical integration of tracking and vessel survey data to incorporate life history differences in habitat models. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2015; 25:2394-2406. [PMID: 26910963 DOI: 10.1890/15-0142.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Habitat use is often examined at a species or population level, but patterns likely differ within a species, as a function of the sex, breeding colony, and current breeding status of individuals. Hence, within-species differences should be considered in habitat models when analyzing and predicting species distributions, such as predicted responses to expected climate change scenarios. Also, species' distribution data obtained by different methods (vessel-survey and individual tracking) are often analyzed separately rather than integrated to improve predictions. Here, we eventually fit generalized additive models for Streaked Shearwaters Calonectris leuconelas using tracking data from two different breeding colonies in the Northwestern Pacific and visual observer data collected during a research cruise off the coast of western Japan. The tracking-based models showed differences among patterns of relative density distribution as a function of life history category (colony, sex, and breeding conditions). The integrated tracking-based and vessel-based bird count model incorporated ecological states rather than predicting a single surface for the entire species. This study highlights both the importance of including ecological and life history data and integrating multiple data types (tag-based tracking and vessel count) when examining species-environment relationships, ultimately advancing the capabilities of species distribution models.
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50
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Goutte A, Barbraud C, Herzke D, Bustamante P, Angelier F, Tartu S, Clément-Chastel C, Moe B, Bech C, Gabrielsen GW, Bustnes JO, Chastel O. Survival rate and breeding outputs in a high Arctic seabird exposed to legacy persistent organic pollutants and mercury. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 200:1-9. [PMID: 25686882 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Revised: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Chronic exposure to pollutants may represent a threat for wildlife. We tested whether adult survival rate, breeding probability and breeding success the year of sampling and the following year were affected by blood levels of mercury or persistent organic pollutants in Svalbard black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, by using capture-mark-recapture models over a five-year period. Survival rate was negatively linked to HCB levels in females, to chlordane mixture and oxychlordane, tended to decrease with increasing PCBs or DDE levels, but was unrelated to mercury. Breeding probability decreased with increasing mercury levels during the sampling year and with increasing CHL or HCB levels during the following year, especially in males observed as breeders. Surprisingly, the probability of raising two chicks increased with increasing HCB levels. Although levels of these legacy pollutants are expected to decline, they represent a potential threat for adult survival rate and breeding probability, possibly affecting kittiwake population dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Goutte
- École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), SPL, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR 7619, METIS, F-75005 Paris, France; Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France.
| | - Christophe Barbraud
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Dorte Herzke
- NILU - Norwegian Institute for Air Research, FRAM, High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Paco Bustamante
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), UMR 7266 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, 2 rue Olympe de Gouges, 17000 La Rochelle, France
| | - Frédéric Angelier
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Sabrina Tartu
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Céline Clément-Chastel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Børge Moe
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, FRAM, High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Claus Bech
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Geir W Gabrielsen
- Norwegian Polar Research Institute, FRAM Centre High North Research on Climate and the Environment, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Jan Ove Bustnes
- Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, FRAM, High North Research Centre on Climate and the Environment, N-9296 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Olivier Chastel
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 CNRS-Université de La Rochelle, BP 14, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
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