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Okumuş ÖF, Orbak R, Özkan Karasu Y, Gül P. The Evaluation of Different Polishing Techniques' Effects on the Post-operative External Staining of Enamel in Primary and Permanent Tooth. Cureus 2023; 15:e39690. [PMID: 37398829 PMCID: PMC10308449 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.39690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to examine patient complaints on recoloration development after polishing applications in primary and permanent teeth that differed in enamel composition and to determine the ideal polishing method. Methods A total of 30 permanent upper incisors and 30 primary molars were randomly divided into three groups of 10 using three different polishing techniques. Each polishing method (rubber, brush, and air polishing) was applied to the test surface of its own group. Milk and coffee were used in the coloring processes. A spectrophotometer was used for color measurements. Color change (∆E) was calculated between control and test surfaces and between the three measurement points. Results In the primary teeth's test surfaces, the rubber and brush groups were significantly more colored than the air-polishing group, when compared between after polishing and after coloration (p ˂ 0.05). Furthermore, the color difference of the permanent teeth between the initial measurements and after coloration was significantly higher in the rubber group's test surface compared to the air-polished group (p ˂ 0.05). The average ∆E values in both primary and permanent teeth were as follows: rubber > brush > air polishing. Conclusions Compared to rubber or brush polishing, air polishing seems safer to avoid predisposition to postoperative enamel discoloration. Primary teeth are more colored than permanent teeth. The effect of polishing on postoperative coloring should always be considered, and air polishing should be preferred whenever possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Faruk Okumuş
- Department of Periodontology, Erzincan University Faculty of Dentistry, Erzincan, TUR
| | - Recep Orbak
- Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry, Erzurum, TUR
| | - Yerda Özkan Karasu
- Department of Periodontology, Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry, Erzurum, TUR
| | - Pınar Gül
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Atatürk University Faculty of Dentistry, Erzurum, TUR
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Sultan F, Joshi N, Rathod V. In vitro Analysis of Surface Roughness Produced by an Air Polishing Device and Conventional Root Planing on Cementum: A Profilometric Study. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2022; 26:110-116. [PMID: 35321304 PMCID: PMC8936017 DOI: 10.4103/jisp.jisp_594_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Tooth surface polishing is an integral part of periodontal therapy. Enamel and cementum show a smooth surface clinically after debridement with the naked eye, but numerous surface irregularities can be detected microscopically. Air polishing is safe and effective when used by trained professionals. Aims: The aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the surface roughness of cementum by using an air polishing device and conventional root planing with hand instruments. Materials and Methods: A total of 45 extracted teeth stored in saline were divided into three groups randomly – Group A (conventional root planing), Group B (hand instrumentation and air polishing), and Group C (air polishing alone) – with 15 samples each. Samples were evaluated for surface roughness by using profilometer. Six parameters were checked for surface roughness. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were collected, charted, and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with post hoc LSD method for pairwise comparisons. Results: Least amount of surface roughness was achieved with Group C when compared with Group A and Group B. These differences were statistical significant (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Air polishing can effectively smoothen the root surface by removing surface irregularities which are produced hand/ultrasonic instruments. Profilometer can be effectively used to measure the surface roughness.
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ÖZKAN KARACA E, TUNAR OL. In Vitro Evaluation of Root Surface Roughness in The Use of an Ultrasonic Device with Different Tips Having Different Mechanism of Action: A Profilometric Study. CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1010944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Karacaoglu F, Orhan K. Comparison of the effects of different instrumentation techniques on root surface roughness and cement loss using micro-computerized tomography: An in-vitro study. Int J Dent Hyg 2021; 20:339-346. [PMID: 34390126 DOI: 10.1111/idh.12543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of three different instruments on the cement loss and roughness of the root surface following scaling and root planning (SRP) using micro-computerized tomography (micro-CT). METHODS In this experimental study, 60 single-rooted extracted human teeth were used and divided into three groups. All teeth were scanned with micro-CT before and after SRP. Group 1: SRP was performed by Gracey-curette, Group 2: SRP was performed by using an ultrasonic device and Group 3: SRP was performed by using a piezo ultrasonic device. Cement loss and porosity of the root surface were analysed by micro-computerized tomography, which is a current imaging technique that provides high-quality images and allows for qualitative and quantitative analysis of samples. RESULTS Results of our study revealed that initial porosity values were 1.60%, 1.25%, 1.59% for the group 1, 2, 3, and 0.93%, 0.86 and 0.80 after SRP respectively. Although Group 3 had the least surface roughness, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Cement loss following SRP was 47.15 μmin the piezo ultrasonic device group, 59.44 µm in the ultrasonic device, and 134.163 µm in the Gracey-curette group respectively. The highest cement loss was seen in the Gracey-curette group, and there was a significant difference between the three groups. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, it was observed that surface roughness decreased and similar surface roughness was obtained with all three methods, but more cementum loss was observed with Gracey-curette. Therefore, ultrasonic devices appear to be a viable alternative to manual instrumentation with curettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Karacaoglu
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.,Ankara University Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara, Turkey
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Yildirim TT, Oztekin F, Keklik E, Tozum MD. Surface roughness of enamel and root surface after scaling, root planning and polishing procedures: An in-vitro study. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2021; 11:287-290. [PMID: 33948429 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate enamel and root surface roughness on exracted human teeth by using different tecniques (ultrasonic scaler, hand instruments, polishing paste, pumice and air powder system). Materials and methods A total of 200 samples were divided into two groups (enamel and root) randomly with 100 samples for each enamel and root groups. The groups were divided into 5 subgroups: Group I: ultrasonic scaler, group II: hand instruments, group III: polishing paste, group IV: pumice, group V: air-powder. Surface roughness (Ra) was assessed with Mitutoyo SJ-410 device. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test along with the Tukey test was used for statistical analysis. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results The use of ultrasonic scalers caused the highest roughness increase on the enamel surface (0.935 ± 0.010), whereas the use of pumice was the least (0.896 ± 0.018) (p < 0.05). There was a significant difference between ultrasonic scalers and all the groups (hand instruments, polishing paste, pumice and air powder system) on enamel surface (p < 0.05). Maximum surface roughness increase was observed in the ultrasonic scalers on root surface. There was a significant difference between ultrasonic scalers and polishing paste, pumice and air powder on root surface, respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusion The use of ultrasonic scalers cause more rough enamel and root surfaces than hand instrumentation and polishing tecniques. Clinical relevance Uneven surfaces adversely affect the intended periodontal healing by creating a retention area of microbial dental plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuba Talo Yildirim
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Faruk Oztekin
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Esra Keklik
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Melek Didem Tozum
- Pre-Doctoral Clinics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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Bühler J, Amato M, Weiger R, Walter C. A systematic review on the effects of air polishing devices on oral tissues. Int J Dent Hyg 2015; 14:15-28. [DOI: 10.1111/idh.12120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Bühler
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - M Amato
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - R Weiger
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - C Walter
- Department of Periodontology, Endodontology and Cariology; School of Dental Medicine; University of Basel; Basel Switzerland
- Department of Oral Surgery; School of Dentistry; University of Birmingham; Birmingham UK
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Li YQ, Wang H, Wang YJ, Chen JH. Effect of different grit sizes of diamond rotary instruments for tooth preparation on the retention and adaptation of complete coverage restorations. J Prosthet Dent 2012; 107:86-93. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(12)60029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Ribeiro FV, Casarin RCV, Nociti Júnior FH, Sallum EA, Sallum AW, Casati MZ. Comparative in vitro study of root roughness after instrumentation with ultrasonic and diamond tip sonic scaler. J Appl Oral Sci 2009; 14:124-9. [PMID: 19089043 PMCID: PMC4327454 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572006000200011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the root surface roughness after instrumentation with hand curette and diamond-coated sonic and universal ultrasonic tips. Materials and Methods: Forty root surfaces of human teeth were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: control group (without instrumentation), curette instrumentation, ultrasonic instrumentation with universal tip and sonic instrumentation with diamond-coated tip. Each sample was instrumented with fifteen strokes. Before and after instrumentation, surface roughness was measured. In addition, the root surface topography was examined after treatment under the scanning electron microscope. Results: Significant statistical differences (p<0.05) were observed when comparing the control group (0.48±0.07mm) to the treated groups (hand - 1.246±0.279mm, ultrasonic - 1.468±0.177mm and sonic instrumentation - 1.576±0.20mm). The highest roughness was produced by diamond-coated sonic tip and by ultrasonic universal tip (p>0.05). Conclusion: The diamond-coated tip with sonic scaler instrumentation and ultrasonic instrumentation produce similar root surface roughness, higher than curette instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Vieira Ribeiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Division of Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas - UNICAMP
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Folwaczny M, Merkel U, Mehl A, Hickel R. Influence of Parameters on Root Surface Roughness Following Treatment With a Magnetostrictive Ultrasonic Scaler: An In Vitro Study. J Periodontol 2004; 75:1221-6. [PMID: 15515337 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2004.75.9.1221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of different parameters, i.e., lateral force, instrument power setting, and the shape of the working tip, on the roughness of root surfaces following treatment with a magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaling device. METHODS The study sample comprised a total of 102 extracted human molars, premolars, canines, and incisors. The samples were randomly divided into 10 equal units of 10 each for treatment with the ultrasonic device at a lateral force of 0.5 N and 2.0 N, a low and high instrument power setting, and with a straight and angulated shaped working tip. Twenty samples were treated manually using curets at a lateral force of 0.5 N and 2.0 N. Two samples were left untreated as controls. The mean (Ra) and maximum (Rmax) surface roughness of each sample was recorded. The statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance (three-way ANOVA) at a level of significance of 5% (P < 0.05). RESULTS The mean surface roughness (+/-SD) using different parameters ranged from 0.6 +/- 0.1 microm to 1.8 +/- 0.3 microm. The maximum surface roughness (+/-SD) was between 4.8 +/- 1.3 microm and 17.2 +/- 4.3 microm. The mean surface roughness (+/-SD) for samples treated with curets at a lateral force of 0.5 N was 0.5 +/- 0.0 microm and 0.4 +/- 0.1 microm at 2.0 N. The maximum surface roughness (+/-SD) was 3.7 +/- 0.8 microm at 0.5 N and 3.9 +/- 1.4 microm at 2.0 N. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study indicate that the shape of the working tip and the lateral force significantly influence the mean and maximum surface roughness of root surfaces treated with a magnetostrictive ultrasonic scaling device. At any specific parameter, the surface roughness was significantly higher for the ultrasonic scaling device as compared to the hand curet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Folwaczny
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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Bollen CM, Lambrechts P, Quirynen M. Comparison of surface roughness of oral hard materials to the threshold surface roughness for bacterial plaque retention: a review of the literature. Dent Mater 1997; 13:258-69. [PMID: 11696906 DOI: 10.1016/s0109-5641(97)80038-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 838] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The roughness of intraoral hard surfaces can influence bacterial plague retention. The present review evaluates the initial surface roughness of several intraoral hard materials, as well as changes in this surface roughness as a consequence of different treatment modalities. METHODS Articles found through Medline searches were included in this review if they met the following criteria: 1) stated threshold surface roughness values and reputed change in surface roughness due to different manipulation techniques; or 2) included standardized surface conditions that could be compared to the treated surface. RESULTS Recently, some in vivo studies suggested a threshold surface roughness for bacterial retention (Ra = 0.2 micron) below which no further reduction in bacterial accumulation could be expected. An increase in surface roughness above this threshold roughness, however, resulted in a simultaneous increase in plaque accumulation, thereby increasing the risk for both caries and periodontal inflammation. The initial surface roughness of different dental materials (e.g., teeth, abutments, gold, amalgam, acrylic resin, resin composite, glass ionomer or compomer and ceramics) and the effect of different treatment modalities (e.g., polishing, scaling, brushing, condensing, glazing or finishing) on this initial surface roughness were analyzed and compared to the threshold surface roughness of 0.2 micron. The microbiological effects of these treatment modalities, if reported, are also discussed and compared to recent in vivo data. SIGNIFICANCE Based on this review, the range in surface roughness of different intraoral hard surfaces was found to be wide, and the impact of dental treatments on the surface roughness is material-dependent. Some clinical techniques result in a very smooth surface (compressing of composites against matrices), whereas others made the surface rather rough (application of hand instruments on gold). These findings indicated that every dental material needs its own treatment modality in order to obtain and maintain a surface as smooth as possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Bollen
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Cobb
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry. University of Missouri, Kansas City, USA
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12
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Drisko CH, Lewis LH. Ultrasonic instruments and antimicrobial agents in supportive periodontal treatment and retreatment of recurrent or refractory periodontitis. Periodontol 2000 1996; 12:90-115. [PMID: 9567998 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0757.1996.tb00085.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C H Drisko
- Department of Periodontics, Endodontics, and Dental Hygiene, University of Louisville, School of Dentistry, Kentucky, USA
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Ayad MF, Rosenstiel SF, Hassan MM. Surface roughness of dentin after tooth preparation with different rotary instrumentation. J Prosthet Dent 1996; 75:122-8. [PMID: 8667268 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3913(96)90087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Although surface finish can be a critical variable in clinical performance, there is a dearth of information regarding surface characteristics of teeth prepared for artificial crowns. This study characterized teeth prepared for complete cast restorations using three representative types of rotary instruments. One hundred and five standardized tooth preparations for complete crowns were performed using a modified milling machine on extracted human teeth with diamond, tungsten carbide, and tungsten carbide finishing burs of similar shape (n = 35). The prepared dentin was analyzed with a surface profilometer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Differences between rotary instrument groups were determined with parametric ANOVA and Tukey's Studentized Range (HSD). Statistically significant differences in the surface topography of prepared teeth were open. Mean surface roughnesses (Ra) were 8.6 and 6.8 mum for teeth prepared with diamond and tungsten carbide burs. Teeth completed with finishing burs appeared to result in a smoother surface (1.2 mum).
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Ayad
- Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, USA
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Gantes BG, Nilvéus R, Lie T, Leknes KN. The effect of hygiene instruments on dentin surfaces: scanning electron microscopic observations. J Periodontol 1992; 63:151-7. [PMID: 1593408 DOI: 10.1902/jop.1992.63.3.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The present study consists of two separate parts. The first section is an in vitro evaluation of the relative abrasiveness of some hygiene instrumentations commonly used during maintenance therapy. In the second section, one of the instruments, a recently developed plastic tip for use on a sonic scaler, was examined for its ability to remove dental plaque from root surface specimens instead for 5 weeks in the oral cavities of dogs. The in vitro study was performed on recently obtained dentin specimens where a ridge had been machined parallel to the long axis of the tooth. The sonic scaler fitted with the plastic tip gave considerably less removal of dentin and a smoother dentin surface than the curet, the rubber cup with polishing paste, or the sonic scaler with an ordinary metal tip. These findings further demonstrated that the plastic tip was able to efficiently remove 5-week old dental plaque from experimental root surface areas within a time frame of 5 seconds. The new plastic tip may be valuable in maintenance therapy giving less risks for iatrogenic effects on the root surfaces than other debridement methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- B G Gantes
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, CA
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