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Mahdavi M, Ghaderi A, Hazegh P, Baseri MHK, Vahed N, Nazemi S, Aghajani A, Ghoreishi FS, Sadeghi-Gandomani H, Kashani AT. Oral supplementation with crocin (a constituent of saffron) in subjects with cigarette smoking: a clinical trial. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5689-5699. [PMID: 38294505 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-02970-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Smoking is one of the main causes of death in the world. Cigarette use is related with various components of metabolic syndrome (e.g., insulin resistance, raised blood pressure, dyslipidemia, oxidative stress, inflammation state) and psychiatric disorders. This study was conducted to determine the effect of crocin (Cro) supplementation on nicotine dependence, anxiety, depression, and metabolic indices in smokers. A total of 50 smokers were selected and randomly categorized into two groups (crocin and placebo). The intervention group received crocin (30 mg per day; n = 25) and placebo (containing Avicel; n = 25) once a day. The primary (nicotine dependence, depression, and anxiety inventory) and secondary (metabolic indices) outcomes were assessed at the start of the intervention and after the 3 months. Multiple linear regression models were used to assess the treatment effects on the outcomes adjusting for confounding variables. The primary outcome results such as nicotine dependence, depression, and anxiety inventory did not have a significant difference among the intervention groups (P > 0.05). Also in the secondary outcomes, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) levels did indicate a significant difference by Cro intervention (β - 3.27 mg/dL; 95% CI, - 5.23, - 1.31; P = 0.002; β - 0.76 μIU/mL; 95% CI, - 1.38, - 0.15; P = 0.01; β - 0.18; 95% CI, - 0.29, - 0.07; P = 0.002), respectively. There were also significant reductions in serum levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (β - 0.72 mg/L; 95% CI, - 1.37, - 0.07; P = 0.03), compared with the placebo. Cro intake may have favorable effects on the level of FPG, insulin, HOMA-IR, and hs-CRP in smokers. However, due to the small sample size and limited scientific reports on smokers, further studies are necessary. ClinicalTrial.gov Identifier: IRCT20170420033551N11.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Mahdavi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medical, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Amir Ghaderi
- Department of Addiction Studies, School of Medical, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Clinical Research Development Unit-Matini, Kargarnejad Hospital, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Pooya Hazegh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Karimipour Baseri
- Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Vahed
- Research Center for Addiction and Risky Behaviors (ReCARB), Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shekoofeh Nazemi
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ali Aghajani
- Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | | | - Hamidreza Sadeghi-Gandomani
- Department of Nursing, Borujen Faculty of Nursing, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Amene Taghdisi Kashani
- Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Dentistry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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Faraji S, Moosavi SA, Neshasteh-Riz A, Cheraghi S, Mayahi MSc S. Radioprotective Effect of Resveratrol, Crocin, and Their Combination on Cytogenetic Alterations in Human Lymphocytes. J Biomed Phys Eng 2024; 14:255-266. [PMID: 39027705 PMCID: PMC11252554 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.2109-1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Background High-dose radiation altering the genetic material in patients' bone marrow cells can lead to hematopoietic radiation syndrome. Accordingly, the presence of radiation protections agents is critical to preventing these adverse effects. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the radioprotection of the exclusive or combination effect of resveratrol and crocin extracts at various concentrations on irradiated human lymphocytes. Material and Methods In this experimental study, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) method was used to evaluate the cell viability in pre-treatment with resveratrol, crocin, or a combination of both, using a concentration range of 5 to 4800 μM / ml in 24 h. The chromosomal aberration test was employed to determine the aberration frequency in 48 h. This study was performed on human peripheral blood lymphocytes treated with 2 Gy radiation and reliability of measurements performed by the triplicate repeat. Results MTT results showed that the groups treated with either resveratrol or crocin at concentrations of 5 to 4800 µM had no significant reduction in cell viability. The cytogenetic analysis of irradiated lymphocytes with 2 Gy X-rays revealed a reduction in the frequency of dicentric chromosomes in all treated groups in contrast with the control group. The most significant reduction occurred in those treated with a single agent at the concentration of 100 µM and a combined drug at the concentration of 50 µM. Conclusion The combination of resveratrol and crocin is considered a potential radioprotector and prophylactic for patients before radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahab Faraji
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Akbar Moosavi
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Neshasteh-Riz
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Susan Cheraghi
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Radiation Biology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Mayahi MSc
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Paramedicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hajinejad M, Narouiepour A, Alipour F, Ebrahimzadeh bideskan A. Investigation of the neuroprotective effect of crocin against electromagnetic field-induced cerebellar damage in male Balb/c mice. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2024; 14:289-296. [PMID: 39086867 PMCID: PMC11287030 DOI: 10.22038/ajp.2023.23005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective Mobile devices are sources of electromagnetic fields (EMFs) that cause increasing concern among scientists about human health, especially with the long-term use of mobile phones. With regard to this issue, the potential adverse health effects, particularly on brain function have raised public concern. There is considerable evidence that natural compounds have neuro-protective effects due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Growing evidence suggests that crocin as a natural bioactive compound can be considered a potential therapeutic agent against various neurologic disorders. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of crocin on the cerebellum after exposure to EMF. Materials and Methods Twenty-four Male Balb/c mice were divided into control group, EMF group (2100 MHZ), EMF +Crocin group (2100 MHZ+50 mg/kg), and crocin group (50 mg/kg). The animals in the EMF and EMF+Crocin groups were exposed continuously for 30 days to an EMF 120 min/day. After 30 days, cerebellar cortex was evaluated by histomorphometric and immunohistochemical methods. Results The results showed that 30 days of exposure to EMF had no significant effect on Purkinje cell size. However, EMF reduced significantly the diameter of astrocytes and increased Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression compared to the controls (p<0.05). Our findings also indicated that crocin treatment could improve the diameter of astrocytes and normalize GFAP expression (p<0.05). Conclusion This study concluded that 2100-MHz EMF caused adverse effects on the cerebellum through astrocyte damage and crocin could partially reverse the EMF-related adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hajinejad
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Narouiepour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Alipour
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Mohammadi A, Oroojan AA, Hashemi M, Poormoosavi SM, Dolatshahi M, Golshokouh F. Hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of corn silk extract in nicotine-administered male mice. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2024; 17:64-73. [PMID: 38737932 PMCID: PMC11080695 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v17i1.2806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Aim This study is done to investigate the hypolipidemic and hepatoprotective effects of corn silk extract in nicotine-administered male mice. Background Nicotine can induce pathophysiological effects in the liver tissue through oxidative stress and damage cells. Corn silk can improve liver function with its antioxidant effects. Methods In this experimental study, 30 male NMRI mice (25-30 gr) were divided into 5 groups: controls, sham, nicotine 2.5 mg/kg, nicotine+aqueous extract of corn silk 400 mg/kg, and nicotine+methanolic extract of corn silk 400 mg/kg for 1 month. One day after the last nicotine and extracts consumption, the serum samples were performed for biochemical measurement, and the supernatant of the homogenized liver was administered for antioxidant variables assessment. Results There was no significant difference in the body weight of different groups. Liver weight and GSH decreased in the nicotine group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, liver enzymes, and MDA increased in the nicotine group compared to the control group (P<0.05). Also, the expansion of sinusoids, the presence of inflammatory cells, and necrosis of liver cells were observed in the nicotine group compared to the control group. Using aqueous and methanolic extracts of corn silk in mice receiving nicotine led to the improvement of the mentioned variables (P<0.05). Conclusion The results of this study showed that the use of nicotine can lead to the induction of hepatotoxicity. The use of aqueous and methanolic extracts of corn silk improved them through its antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Mohammadi
- School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Oroojan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hashemi
- Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Mahsa Poormoosavi
- Department of Histology, School of Medicine, Research and Clinical Center for Infertility, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Dolatshahi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Golshokouh
- School of Medicine, Student Research Committee, Dezful University of Medical Sciences, Dezful, Iran
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Salahshoor MR, Azari P, Roshankhah S, Zokaei A, Foroughinia A. The effect of Crocin on sperm parameters disorders induced by peripheral administration of nitrosamines in male rats. J Med Life 2022; 15:362-367. [PMID: 35450005 PMCID: PMC9015181 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2019-0144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrosamines are carcinogenic agents which can unfavorably affect some male reproductive parameters. Humans are exposed to nitrosamines through various routes, the most important of which is the diet. Crocin is a carotenoid and is accountable for the red color of saffron. Crocin has numerous pharmacological actions, such as antioxidant roles and radical scavenging. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Crocin against Nitrosamine - induced damage to the reproductive parameter of male rats. In this experimental study, 48 male rats were randomly assigned to 8 groups: control normal and Nitrosamine control groups (40 mg/kg); Crocin (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) and Nitrosamine + Crocin (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally and gavaged daily for 28 days. The sperm parameters, total antioxidant capacity, testosterone level, and seminiferous tube diameter were assessed. Nitrosamine significantly decreased sperm parameters (p<0.001). The Crocin and Crocin + Nitrosamine treatments at complete doses significantly improved all parameters (p<0.001). Crocin compensated for the toxic effect of Nitrosamine on reproductive parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Paria Azari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Abdolhamid Zokaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azadeh Foroughinia
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran,Corresponding Author: Azadeh Foroughinia, Cardiovascular Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran. E-mail:
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Mesbahzadeh B, Hassanzadeh-Taheri M, Aliparast MS, Baniasadi P, Hosseini M. The protective effect of crocin on cisplatin-induced testicular impairment in rats. BMC Urol 2021; 21:117. [PMID: 34470647 PMCID: PMC8411509 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-021-00889-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Side effects of cisplatin (CIS) such as testicular toxicity restrict its clinical use. Instead, evidence indicates that crocin (CR) has synergistic anti-cancer potential with CIS and exhibited beneficial effects on CIS-induced hepatorenal damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective potential of CR against CIS-induced testicular toxicity in rats. METHODS Fifty adult male Wistar rats randomly assigned to five equal groups including control, CIS, and CIS plus CR at doses of 6.25 mg/kg (CIS + CR6.25), 25 mg/kg (CIS + CR25), and 100 mg/kg (CIS + CR100). CIS and CIS + CR groups received a single intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection of CIS (7 mg/kg). CR (6.25-100 mg/kg i.p.) injections were started three days before the CIS injection and continued once a day for up to 13 days. On the 14th day, all animals were sacrificed and their blood samples and testes were removed for biochemical and histological analyses. RESULTS Compared to the control group, CIS significantly decreased relative testis weight (0.28 vs. 0.39, p < 0.001), testosterone level (0.3 vs. 2.31 ng/mL, p < 0.001), germinal layer area (25,886 vs. 35,320 µm2, p < 0.001), superoxide dismutase (SOD) (0.9 vs.1.73 U/mg, p < 0.001) and increased testicular lipid peroxidation (3.05 vs. 15.35 nmol/mg, p < 0.001). CR at 25 mg/kg ameliorated testicular lipid peroxidation and enhanced SOD activity compared to CIS group (p < 0.05). Besides, CR treatment at the maximum dose (100 mg/kg) resulted in reversing CIS effects on testis weight, testosterone level, SOD, lipid peroxidation, and germinal layer area. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrated that CR co-treatment could prevent CIS-induced testicular toxicity in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Mesbahzadeh
- Department of Physiology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mohammadmehdi Hassanzadeh-Taheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | | | - Pardis Baniasadi
- Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Mehran Hosseini
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran.
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Crocin Improves Oxidative Stress in Testicular Tissues of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1308:273-281. [PMID: 33861450 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-64872-5_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Crocin has been shown to have potent antioxidant properties, but its potential antioxidative effects on testicular tissue during uncontrolled diabetes is unknown. Wistar rats were randomly divided into four separate groups; normal, normal-treated, diabetic and diabetic treated (n = 6 per group). Diabetes was induced by a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg). Two treated groups of animals (diabetic and non-diabetic) received Crocin daily for 56 days (40 mg/kg/intraperitoneally). At the end of the 56th day, animals were sacrificed and blood and testicular tissue obtained. The level of nitrate, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase enzymes were determined. Crocin therapy moderated the increased oxidative stress in testicular tissue induced by diabetes with a significant reduction in nitrate and malondialdehyde, whilst reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities in diabetes (p < 0.001), though glutathione was unaffected. Treatment by Crocin in normal rats also modestly improved parameters of oxidative stress (p < 0.05). Crocin has a protective effect on diabetes induced oxidative stress in testicular tissue in an animal model, though it is unclear if this is a direct antioxidant effect.
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Vafaei S, Motejaded F, Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan A. Protective effect of crocin on electromagnetic field-induced testicular damage and heat shock protein A2 expression in male BALB/c mice. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:102-110. [PMID: 32395207 PMCID: PMC7206838 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2019.38896.9229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) emitted from mobile phones may cause a deleterious effect on human health and may affect the male reproductive system. Crocin, a carotenoid isolated from Crocus Sativus L. (Saffron), is a phar¬macologically active component of saffron. So, this study was conducted to investigate the protective effect of crocin on the male reproductive system of 60 day old mice after EMF exposure. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: 1. Em group (2100 MHZ); 2. Cr group (50 mg/kg); 3. Em+Cr group (2100 MHZ+50 mg/kg), and 4. Control group. Sperm parameters (count, and abnormal percent), testis weight index, testis volume, seminiferous tubule diam¬eter, germinal epithelium thickness, LH, FSH and testosterone serum level, testicular Heat shock protein A2 (HspA2) immunoreactivity, and apoptosis were evaluated. Results: HspA2 immunoreactivity, apoptosis in the germinal epithelium and abnormal sperm were increased in Em group compared with the control group (P<0.05). Sperm count, LH, and testosterone serum level were decreased in the Em group compared with the control group (P<0.05). These parameters were improved in the Em+Cr group compared with Em group significantly (P<0.05). Conclusion: our findings revealed that EMF exposure leads to harmful impressions on the male reproductive system, while crocin can attenuate EMF-induced destructive effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shayan Vafaei
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Motejaded
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alireza Ebrahimzadeh-Bideskan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Microanatomy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Reza Salahshoor M, Faramarzi A, Roshankhah S, Jalili C. The protective effect of Pentoxifylline on testopathy in male rats following Dimethyl Nitrosamine administration: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2019; 17:727-738. [PMID: 31807721 PMCID: PMC6844288 DOI: 10.18502/ijrm.v17i10.5292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nitrosamines as a carcinogenic agent has unfavorable effects on some of the male reproductive parameters. Pentoxifylline (PX) is a xanthine derivative used as a drug inhibiting the inflammatory factors, reducing blood viscosity, improving peripheral blood flow, and so on.
Objective: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the effects of PX against Dimethyl nitrosamine (DMN)-inducing the damage to the reproductive parameter of male rats. Materials and Methods In this experimental study, 48 male Wistar rats (8 wk, 220-250 gr) were randomly assigned to eight groups (n = 6/each): normal control and DMN control groups (40 mg/kg); PX groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg), and DMN + PX groups (25, 50, 100 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally and the gavage applied daily for 28 days. The sperm parameters, spermatogenesis index, total antioxidant capacity, testosterone level, and seminiferous tube diameter were assessed. Results The values of all parameters reduced significantly in the DMN control group compared to the normal control group (p < 0.001). The PX and PX + DMN treatments at all entirely doses improved all parameters significantly compared to the DMN control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion DMN caused detrimental effects on reproductive parameters. Also, no significant modifications were observed in PX treatments at all doses compared to the normal control group. PX compensated the toxic effect of DMN on reproductive parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Azita Faramarzi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Jalili C, Arji Rodsari B, Roshankhah S, Salahshoor MR. Effect of curcumin on hippocampus dentate gyrus injury induced by nicotine in rats. JOURNAL OF HERBMED PHARMACOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15171/jhp.2019.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Nicotine is the most important alkaloid compound in tobacco and is a major risk factor in the development of functional disorder of several organ systems. Some plants produce Curcumin, which has antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects of curcumin against nicotine injury on the hippocampus CA1 region of rats. Methods: In this study, 48 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to eight groups: Normal control (saline) group, Nicotine control group (0.5 mg/kg); Curcumin groups (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg) and Nicotine + Curcumin groups (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg). Treatments were administered intraperitoneally daily for 28 days. Golgi staining technique investigated the number of dendritic spines. Cresyl violet staining method was used to determine the number of neurons in hippocampal region CA1. Griess technique was assessed to determine serum nitrite oxide level. Also, the Ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) method was applied to determine the total antioxidant capacity. Results: Nicotine administration significantly increased nitrite oxide level and decreased total antioxidant capacity as well as the number of neuronal dendritic spines and neurons compared to the normal control group (P < 0.01). In all Curcumin and Nicotine + Curcumin groups, the number of neurons, neuronal dendritic spines, and total antioxidant capacity increased significantly compared to the nicotine control group, while nitrite oxide level decreased significantly compared to the nicotine control group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Curcumin administration can improve hippocampal CA1 region injury induced by nicotine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Medical Biology Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Babak Arji Rodsari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Roshankhah S, Jalili C, Salahshoor MR. Effects of Crocin on Sperm Parameters and Seminiferous Tubules in Diabetic Rats. Adv Biomed Res 2019; 8:4. [PMID: 30820425 PMCID: PMC6385561 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_124_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes can increase the generation of free radicals and can be harmfully effective in spermatogenesis. Crocin is a carotenoid and is accountable for the red color of saffron. Crocin has shown numerous pharmacological actions such as antioxidant roles and radical scavenging. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of crocin on sperm parameters and the diameter of seminiferous tubules in diabetic rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, diabetic rats were induced by Streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg). Sixty-four rats were equally divided into the following eight groups; (1) normal control group, (2–4) crocin groups, receiving various doses of crocin (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg), (5) diabetic control group, and (6–8) diabetic groups, receiving STZ plus crocin (12.5, 25, and 50 mg/kg) injected intraperitoneally once a day for 28 consecutive days. The sperm count, motility, morphology, viability, spermatogenesis index (SI), and the diameter of seminiferous tubules were examined and compared. Results: The results demonstrated that count, motility, viability, normal sperm morphology, SI, and the diameter of seminiferous tubules decreased significantly in the diabetic control group compared to the normal control group (P < 0.05). However, in the diabetic groups, count, motility, normal morphology, viability, SI, and the diameter of seminiferous tubules enhanced significantly in total doses compared to those of the diabetic control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: It seems that, as a strong antioxidant, crocin could compensate for the toxicity induced through STZ and raise the quality of some sperm parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Roshankhah
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Sefidgar SM, Ahmadi-hamedani M, Jebelli Javan A, Narenji Sani R, Javaheri Vayghan A. Effect of crocin on biochemical parameters, oxidative/antioxidative profiles, sperm characteristics and testicular histopathology in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2019; 9:347-361. [PMID: 31309073 PMCID: PMC6612253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Chronic hyperglycemia and overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are strong predictors of the development of reproductive complications of diabetes. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of crocin on biochemical parameters, oxidative stress, and sperm characteristics as well as testes histopathology in diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four rats were divided into the four groups as follows: control, untreated diabetic and two crocin (40 and 60 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced by injection of a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 60 mg/kg). Administration of crocin (intraperitoneally) was started three days after STZ injection and was continued until the 28th day. At the end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized after weighing. Blood samples and epididymal sperm were subsequently collected to measure biochemical parameters (glucose and lipid profile), total oxidant and antioxidant status (TOS and TAS, respectively), oxidative stress index (OSI), and sperm characteristics (count, motility, and viability); also, testes were dissected out for histopathology examination. RESULTS Our result indicated that blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol levels, as well as TOS, and OSI decreased, but body weight, sperm counts, motility and viability, as well as TAS and HDL levels increased significantly in the crocin-treated diabetic rats (P˂0.05). In testis sections from diabetic rats treated with crocin (40 and 60 mg/kg), seminiferous tubules exhibited normal shape and restoration of testis architecture was observed. CONCLUSION Administration of crocin in the present study, ameliorated blood glucose, lipid abnormalities, oxidative stress, sperm characteristics and testis damage in STZ-diabetic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mersad Sefidgar
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Mahmood Ahmadi-hamedani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Tel: 02331533612, Fax: 02331533636,
| | - Ashkan Jebelli Javan
- Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Reza Narenji Sani
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
| | - Abbas Javaheri Vayghan
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.
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The effect of crocin on testicular tissue and sperm parameters of mice offspring from mothers exposed to atrazine during pregnancy and lactation periods: An experimental study. Int J Reprod Biomed 2018; 16:519-528. [PMID: 30288486 PMCID: PMC6163052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atrazine as a herbicide may affect the human's health. Crocin may protect atrazine-induced damages. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of atrazine on mice testicular tissue and sperm parameters and protective effects of Crocin on probably atrazine-induced damages. MATERIALS AND METHODS in this experimental study, 24 pregnant Balb/c mice were randomly divided to 4 groups: I: Atrazine (10 mg/kg), II: Atrazine-Crocin, III: Crocin (10mg/kg) and IV: Normal saline. Administrations were done daily by gavage during pregnancy and lactation. In the end, two male offspring were randomly selected from every mother and sacrificed respectively on 23 and 75 postnatal days. Then, their epididymides were removed for sperm parameters investigation and their testes were prepared to evaluate apoptosis by means of TUNEL technique. RESULTS The mean number of sperms in the atrazine group was lower compared to other groups and increased in the atrazine-crocin group compared with atrazine group significantly (p=0.001). Sperm abnormality was increased in the atrazine group compared with the normal saline group and decreased in the atrazine-crocin group compared with atrazine group significantly (p≤0.001). TUNEL-positive spermatogonia in 23 days old offspring increased significantly in the atrazine group compared with other groups (p=0.03). TUNEL-positive spermatogenic cells in 75 days old offspring was significantly increased in the atrazine group compared with the saline group (p≤0.001). CONCLUSION Atrazine exposure may lead to decrease the number of sperms, increase sperms abnormality, spermatogenic cell apoptosis and height of germinal epithelium. These complications may improve by crocin administration.
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Salahshoor MR, Haghjoo M, Roshankhah S, Makalani F, Jalili C. Effect of Thymoquinone on Reproductive Parameter in Morphine-treated Male Mice. Adv Biomed Res 2018; 7:18. [PMID: 29456989 PMCID: PMC5812093 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_69_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymoquinone as the main active component of Nigella sativa might have a various pharmacological effects such as antiapoptotic and antioxidant. Morphine is commonly used for the treatment of severe pain that can increase the generation of free radicals and affects the spermatogenesis. This study was designed to evaluate protective effects of thymoquinone against morphine-induced damages, sperm viability, count, motility, morphology and testis histology, and nitric oxide and testosterone hormone of the mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this experimental study, we divided 48 mice into eight groups (n = 6); various doses of thymoquinone (2, 10, and 20 mg/kg) and morphine (20 mg/kg) plus thymoquinone (2, 10, and 20 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to 48 male mice for 30 consequent days. Male reproductive parameters including testis weight, testosterone hormone, serum nitric oxide, germinal thickness, sperm morphology, count, viability, and motility were analyzed and compared. RESULTS The results indicated that morphine administration significantly decreased germinal thickness, testis weight, testosterone level, viability, morphology, count, and motility of sperm and increased nitric oxide as compared to saline group (P < 0.05). However, increasing the dose of thymoquinone in the thymoquinone and thymoquinone plus morphine groups significantly decreases nitric oxide level (P < 0.05) while significantly boosted motility, morphology, count, viability of sperm cells, germinal thickness, and testosterone hormone in all groups as compared to morphine group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION It seems that thymoquinone administration could increase the quality some of spermatozoa and improves morphine-induced adverse effects on reproductive parameters in male mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Salahshoor
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojdeh Haghjoo
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shiva Roshankhah
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Makalani
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Cyrus Jalili
- From the Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Jalili C, Salahshoor MR, Moradi MT, Ahookhash M, Taghadosi M, Sohrabi M. Expression Changes of Apoptotic Genes in Tissues from Mice Exposed to Nicotine. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:239-244. [PMID: 28240526 PMCID: PMC5563107 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.1.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Smoking is the leading preventable cause of various diseases such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cardiovascular disease. Nicotine, one of the major toxic components of tobacco, contributes to the pathogenesis of different diseases. Methods: Given the controversy about nicotine toxicity, the present study was conducted to determine apoptotic effects of nicotine on the heart, kidney, lung and liver of male mice. Real-time PCR was performed to identify mRNA expression changes in apoptotic-related genes between nicotine treated and control mice. Result: In the heart and lung, nicotine caused significant decrease in P53, Bax and Caspase-3 mRNA expression levels compared to the control group. However, in the kidney and liver, the result was significant increase in Bax, Caspase-2, Caspase-3 and a significant decrease in P53 mRNA expression (p<0.01). DNA fragmentation assays indicated no fragmentation in the heart and lung, but in the kidney and liver of nicotine treated mice, isolated DNA was fragmented. Conclusion: Our study provided insight into the molecular mechanisms of nicotine anti-apoptotic effects on the heart and lung as well as pro-apoptotic effects on kidney and liver via a P53-independent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrus Jalili
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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