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Lima ES, dos Santos D, Souza AL, Macedo ME, Bandeira ME, Junior SSS, Fiuza BSD, Rocha VPC, dos Santos Fonseca LM, Nunes DDG, Hodel KVS, Machado BAS. RNA Combined with Nanoformulation to Advance Therapeutic Technologies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1634. [PMID: 38139761 PMCID: PMC10745936 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapies have the potential to address numerous diseases that pose significant challenges to more traditional methods. RNA-based therapies have emerged as a promising avenue, utilizing nanoformulation treatments to target a range of pathologies. Nanoformulation offers several advantages compared to other treatment modalities, including targeted delivery, low toxicity, and bioactivity suitable for drug loading. At present, various types of nanoformulations are available, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), magnetic NPs, nanoshells, and solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). RNA-based therapy utilizes intracellular gene nanoparticles with messenger RNA (mRNA) emerging prominently in cancer therapy and immunotechnology against infectious diseases. The approval of mRNA-based technology opens doors for future technological advancements, particularly self-amplifying replicon RNA (repRNA). RepRNA is a novel platform in gene therapy, comprising viral RNA with a unique molecular property that enables the amplification of all encoded genetic information countless times. As a result, repRNA-based therapies have achieved significant levels of gene expression. In this context, the primary objective of this study is to furnish a comprehensive review of repRNA and its applications in nanoformulation treatments, with a specific focus on encapsulated nanoparticles. The overarching goal is to provide an extensive overview of the use of repRNA in conjunction with nanoformulations across a range of treatments and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC (Integrated Manufacturing and Technology Campus), Salvador 41650-010, Brazil; (E.S.L.); (D.d.S.); (A.L.S.); (M.E.M.); (M.E.B.); (S.S.S.J.); (B.S.D.F.); (V.P.C.R.); (L.M.d.S.F.); (D.D.G.N.); (K.V.S.H.)
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2
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Danchuk O, Levchenko A, da Silva Mesquita R, Danchuk V, Cengiz S, Cengiz M, Grafov A. Meeting Contemporary Challenges: Development of Nanomaterials for Veterinary Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2326. [PMID: 37765294 PMCID: PMC10536669 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15092326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, nanotechnology has been rapidly advancing in various fields of human activity, including veterinary medicine. The review presents up-to-date information on recent advancements in nanotechnology in the field and an overview of the types of nanoparticles used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry, their characteristics, and their areas of application. Currently, a wide range of nanomaterials has been implemented into veterinary practice, including pharmaceuticals, diagnostic devices, feed additives, and vaccines. The application of nanoformulations gave rise to innovative strategies in the treatment of animal diseases. For example, antibiotics delivered on nanoplatforms demonstrated higher efficacy and lower toxicity and dosage requirements when compared to conventional pharmaceuticals, providing a possibility to solve antibiotic resistance issues. Nanoparticle-based drugs showed promising results in the treatment of animal parasitoses and neoplastic diseases. However, the latter area is currently more developed in human medicine. Owing to the size compatibility, nanomaterials have been applied as gene delivery vectors in veterinary gene therapy. Veterinary medicine is at the forefront of the development of innovative nanovaccines inducing both humoral and cellular immune responses. The paper provides a brief overview of current topics in nanomaterial safety, potential risks associated with the use of nanomaterials, and relevant regulatory aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Danchuk
- Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, National Academy of Agrarian Sciences, 24 Mayatska Road, Khlibodarske Village, 67667 Odesa, Ukraine;
| | - Anna Levchenko
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Yakutiye, Erzurum 25240, Turkey;
| | | | - Vyacheslav Danchuk
- Ukrainian Laboratory of Quality and Safety of Agricultural Products, Mashynobudivna Str. 7, Chabany Village, 08162 Kyiv, Ukraine;
| | - Seyda Cengiz
- Milas Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey; (S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Mehmet Cengiz
- Milas Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla 48000, Turkey; (S.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Andriy Grafov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, A.I. Virtasen Aukio 1 (PL 55), 00560 Helsinki, Finland
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Ding B, Lou W, Fan W, Pan J. Exosomal miR-374c-5p derived from mesenchymal stem cells suppresses epithelial-mesenchymal transition of hepatocellular carcinoma via the LIMK1-Wnt/β-catenin axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:1038-1052. [PMID: 36722453 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a leading cause to treatment failure in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Exosomes act as pivotal mediators in communication between different cells and exert effects on recipient cells by delivering bioactive cargoes, such as microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs function in multiple steps of HCC development, including metastasis. MiR-374c-5p was previously identified as a tumor suppressor in some malignancies, while the current knowledge of its role in HCC metastasis is still limited. Herein, miR-374c-5p was found to be downregulated in HCC cell lines and clinical samples, and positively related with favorable prognosis in HCC patients. MiR-374c-5p transferred by exosomes derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) suppressed migration, invasion and proliferation of HCC cells. LIMK1 was verified as downstream target gene of miR-374c-5p. Knockdown of LIMK1 reduced invasion, migration and proliferation of HCC cells, whereas overexpression functioned oppositely. The miR-374c-5p/LIMK1 axis suppressed epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by inactivating Wnt/β-catenin pathway. In addition, miR-374c-5p was downregulated and LIMK1 upregulated in TGF-β1 induced EMT. This EMT model could be reversed by LIMK1 silencing or miR-374c-5p overexpression. These results suggest that exo-miR-374c-5p suppresses EMT via targeting LIMK1-Wnt/β-catenin axis and the axis is involved in TGF-β1 induced metastasis of HCC, thereby identifying miR-374c-5p as a potential target for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bisha Ding
- Cancer Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiyang Lou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Pan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang, Hangzhou, China
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4
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Kolyasnikova NM, Pestov NB, Sanchez-Pimentel JP, Barlev NA, Ishmukhametov AA. Anti-cancer Virotherapy in Russia: Lessons from the Past, Current Challenges and Prospects for the Future. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 24:266-278. [PMID: 35578840 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220516121813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The idea of using the lytic power of viruses against malignant cells has been entertained for many decades. However, oncolytic viruses gained broad attention as an emerging anti-cancer therapy only recently with the successful implementation of several oncolytic viruses to treat advanced melanoma. Here we review the history of oncolytic viruses in the Russian Federation and recent biotechnological advances in connection with the perspectives of their practical use against aggressive tumors such as glioblastoma or pancreatic cancer. A particular emphasis is made on novel applications of safe non-lytic virus-derived vectors armed with prodrug-converting enzyme transgenes. Rational improvement of oncotropism by conjugation with biopolymers and nanoformulations is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda M Kolyasnikova
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Other Viral Encephalitides, Poselok Instituta Poliomielita 8 bd 17, Poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Nikolay B Pestov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Other Viral Encephalitides, Poselok Instituta Poliomielita 8 bd 17, Poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow, 108819, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Group of Cross-Linking Enzymes, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | - Jeanne P Sanchez-Pimentel
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Other Viral Encephalitides, Poselok Instituta Poliomielita 8 bd 17, Poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow, 108819, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Barlev
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Other Viral Encephalitides, Poselok Instituta Poliomielita 8 bd 17, Poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow, 108819, Russia.,Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, 9 Institutskiy per., Dolgoprudny, Moscow Region, 141701, Russia.,Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Pogodinskaya 10, Moscow, 119435, Russia
| | - Aidar A Ishmukhametov
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Laboratory of Tick-Borne Encephalitis and Other Viral Encephalitides, Poselok Instituta Poliomielita 8 bd 17, Poselenie Moskovskiy, Moscow, 108819, Russia
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Tawfik M, Chen F, Goldberg JL, Sabel BA. Nanomedicine and drug delivery to the retina: current status and implications for gene therapy. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 395:1477-1507. [PMID: 36107200 PMCID: PMC9630211 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
Blindness affects more than 60 million people worldwide. Retinal disorders, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma, are the leading causes of blindness. Finding means to optimize local and sustained delivery of drugs or genes to the eye and retina is one goal to advance the development of new therapeutics. Despite the ease of accessibility of delivering drugs via the ocular surface, the delivery of drugs to the retina is still challenging due to anatomic and physiologic barriers. Designing a suitable delivery platform to overcome these barriers should enhance drug bioavailability and provide a safe, controlled, and sustained release. Current inventions for posterior segment treatments include intravitreal implants and subretinal viral gene delivery that satisfy these criteria. Several other novel drug delivery technologies, including nanoparticles, micelles, dendrimers, microneedles, liposomes, and nanowires, are now being widely studied for posterior segment drug delivery, and extensive research on gene delivery using siRNA, mRNA, or aptamers is also on the rise. This review discusses the current state of retinal drug/gene delivery and highlights future therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tawfik
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Fang Chen
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey L Goldberg
- Spencer Center for Vision Research, Byers Eye Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Bernhard A Sabel
- Institute of Medical Psychology, Medical Faculty, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
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6
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Gong X, Gao Y, Shu J, Zhang C, Zhao K. Chitosan-Based Nanomaterial as Immune Adjuvant and Delivery Carrier for Vaccines. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1906. [PMID: 36423002 PMCID: PMC9696061 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
With the support of modern biotechnology, vaccine technology continues to iterate. The safety and efficacy of vaccines are some of the most important areas of development in the field. As a natural substance, chitosan is widely used in numerous fields-such as immune stimulation, drug delivery, wound healing, and antibacterial procedures-due to its good biocompatibility, low toxicity, biodegradability, and adhesion. Chitosan-based nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted extensive attention with respect to vaccine adjuvants and delivery systems due to their excellent properties, which can effectively enhance immune responses. Here, we list the classifications and mechanisms of action of vaccine adjuvants. At the same time, the preparation methods of chitosan, its NPs, and their mechanism of action in the delivery system are introduced. The extensive applications of chitosan and its NPs in protein vaccines and nucleic acid vaccines are also introduced. This paper reviewed the latest research progress of chitosan-based NPs in vaccine adjuvant and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochen Gong
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
| | - Jianhong Shu
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Hom-Sun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312366, China
| | - Chunjing Zhang
- School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar 161006, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
- Zhejiang Hom-Sun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shaoxing 312366, China
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7
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Soltani Dehnavi S, Eivazi Zadeh Z, Harvey AR, Voelcker NH, Parish CL, Williams RJ, Elnathan R, Nisbet DR. Changing Fate: Reprogramming Cells via Engineered Nanoscale Delivery Materials. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2108757. [PMID: 35396884 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202108757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The incorporation of nanotechnology in regenerative medicine is at the nexus of fundamental innovations and early-stage breakthroughs, enabling exciting biomedical advances. One of the most exciting recent developments is the use of nanoscale constructs to influence the fate of cells, which are the basic building blocks of healthy function. Appropriate cell types can be effectively manipulated by direct cell reprogramming; a robust technique to manipulate cellular function and fate, underpinning burgeoning advances in drug delivery systems, regenerative medicine, and disease remodeling. Individual transcription factors, or combinations thereof, can be introduced into cells using both viral and nonviral delivery systems. Existing approaches have inherent limitations. Viral-based tools include issues of viral integration into the genome of the cells, the propensity for uncontrollable silencing, reduced copy potential and cell specificity, and neutralization via the immune response. Current nonviral cell reprogramming tools generally suffer from inferior expression efficiency. Nanomaterials are increasingly being explored to address these challenges and improve the efficacy of both viral and nonviral delivery because of their unique properties such as small size and high surface area. This review presents the state-of-the-art research in cell reprogramming, focused on recent breakthroughs in the deployment of nanomaterials as cell reprogramming delivery tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiva Soltani Dehnavi
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- ANU College of Engineering & Computer Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Zahra Eivazi Zadeh
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, 15875-4413, Iran
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Alan R Harvey
- School of Human Sciences, The University of Western Australia, and Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
| | - Nicolas H Voelcker
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
| | - Clare L Parish
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Richard J Williams
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Roey Elnathan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, 3052, Australia
- Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Victorian Node of the Australian National Fabrication Facility, 151 Wellington Road, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, Bayview Avenue, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia
- iMPACT, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - David R Nisbet
- ACRF Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, The John Curtin School of Medical Research, ANU College of Health & Medicine, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- Research School of Chemistry, ANU College of Science, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
- The Graeme Clark Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Science, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
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8
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Deng L, Liang P, Cui H. Pseudotyped lentiviral vectors: Ready for translation into targeted cancer gene therapy? Genes Dis 2022. [PMID: 37492721 PMCID: PMC10363566 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene therapy holds great promise for curing cancer by editing the deleterious genes of tumor cells, but the lack of vector systems for efficient delivery of genetic material into specific tumor sites in vivo has limited its full therapeutic potential in cancer gene therapy. Over the past two decades, increasing studies have shown that lentiviral vectors (LVs) modified with different glycoproteins from a donating virus, a process referred to as pseudotyping, have altered tropism and display cell-type specificity in transduction, leading to selective tumor cell killing. This feature of LVs together with their ability to enable high efficient gene delivery in dividing and non-dividing mammalian cells in vivo make them to be attractive tools in future cancer gene therapy. This review is intended to summarize the status quo of some typical pseudotypings of LVs and their applications in basic anti-cancer studies across many malignancies. The opportunities of translating pseudotyped LVs into clinic use in cancer therapy have also been discussed.
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9
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Thambi T, Lee J, Yoon AR, Kasala D, Yun CO. A pH- and Bioreducible Cationic Copolymer with Amino Acids and Piperazines for Adenovirus Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14030597. [PMID: 35335972 PMCID: PMC8950541 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoviruses (Ads) are attractive nonviral vectors and show great potential in cancer gene therapy. However, inherent properties of Ads, including immunogenicity, nonspecific toxicity, and coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-dependent cell uptake, limit their clinical use. To surmount these issues, we developed a pH- and glutathione-responsive poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ꞵ-aminoester)-polyethyleneimine (PPA) for conjugation with Ad. The pH sensitivity of the PPA copolymer was elegantly tuned by substitution with different amino acids (arginine, histidine, and tryptophan), piperazines (Pip1, Pip2, and Pip3), and guanidine residues in the backbone of the PPA conjugate. PPA copolymer was further functionalized with short-chain cross-linker succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate) (SPDP) to obtain PPA-SPDP for facile conjugation with Ad. The PPA-conjugated Ad (PPA-Ad) conjugate was obtained by reacting PPA-SPDP conjugate with thiolated Ad (Ad-SH). Ad-SH was prepared by reacting Ad with 2-iminothiolane. The size distribution and zeta potential results of PPA-Ad conjugate showed an increasing trend with an increase in copolymer dose. From in vitro test, it was found that the transduction efficiency of PPA-Ad conjugate in CAR-positive cells (A549 and H460 cells) was remarkably increased at the acidic pH condition (pH 6.2) when compared with PPA-Ad conjugate incubated under the physiological condition (pH 7.4). Interestingly, the increase in transduction efficiency was evidenced in CAR-negative cells (MDA-MB-231 and T24 cells). These results demonstrated that biocompatible and biodegradable PPA copolymers can efficiently cover the surface of Ad and can increase the transduction efficiency, and hence PPA copolymers can be a useful nanomaterial for viral vector delivery in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thavasyappan Thambi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (T.T.); (J.L.); (A.-R.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Jeongmin Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (T.T.); (J.L.); (A.-R.Y.); (D.K.)
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (T.T.); (J.L.); (A.-R.Y.); (D.K.)
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Dayananda Kasala
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (T.T.); (J.L.); (A.-R.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (T.T.); (J.L.); (A.-R.Y.); (D.K.)
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (HY-IBB), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2220-0491; Fax: +82-2-2220-4850
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10
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Yun CO, Kasala D, Lee SH, Hong JW, Oh E, Yoon AR. Bioreducible polymer-mediated delivery of oncolytic adenovirus can attenuate antiviral immune response and concurrently enhance induction of antitumor immune response to effectively prevent metastasis. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:4293-4308. [DOI: 10.1039/d2bm00200k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic virotherapy is highly promising and novel treatment modality for cancer. Several clinical trials with oncolytic viruses have illustrated that the potent antitumor efficacy of these viruses may rely on...
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11
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Guerra-Rebollo M, Stampa M, Lázaro MÁ, Cascante A, Fornaguera C, Borrós S. Electrostatic Coating of Viral Particles for Gene Delivery Applications in Muscular Dystrophies: Influence of Size on Stability and Antibody Protection. J Neuromuscul Dis 2021; 8:815-825. [PMID: 34366365 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-210662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is one of the most common muscular dystrophies, caused by mutated forms of the dystrophin gene. Currently, the only treatment available is symptoms management. Novel approximations are trying to treat these patients with gene therapy, namely, using viral vectors. However, these vectors can be recognized by the immune system decreasing their therapeutic activity and making impossible a multidose treatment due to the induction of the humoral immunity following the first dose. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of using a hybrid vector to avoid immune clearance, based on the electrostatic coating of adeno-associated virus (AAVs) vectors with our proprietary polymers. METHODS We coated model adeno-associated virus vectors by electrostatic interaction of our cationic poly (beta aminoester) polymers with the viral anionic capsid and characterized biophysical properties. Once the nanoformulations were designed, we studied their in vivo biodistribution by bioluminescence analysis and we finally studied the capacity of the polymers as potential coatings to avoid antibody neutralization. RESULTS We tested two polymer combinations and we demonstrated the need for poly(ethylene glycol) addition to avoid vector aggregation after coating. In vivo biodistribution studies demonstrated that viral particles are located in the liver (short times) and also in muscles (long times), the target organ. However, we did not achieve complete antibody neutralization shielding using this electrostatic coating. CONCLUSIONS The null hypothesis stands: although it is feasible to coat viral particles by electrostatic interaction with a proprietary polymer, this strategy is not appropriate for AAVs due to their small size, so other alternatives are required as a novel treatment for DMD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Guerra-Rebollo
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarriá (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain.,Sagetis Biotech, Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Stampa
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarriá (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Anna Cascante
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarriá (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain.,Sagetis Biotech, Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarriá (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain.,Sagetis Biotech, Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Salvador Borrós
- Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat), Institut Químic de Sarriá (IQS), Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain.,Sagetis Biotech, Via Augusta, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Lee JY, Hong JW, Thambi T, Yoon AR, Choi JW, Li Y, Bui QN, Lee DS, Yun CO. Optimizing Active Tumor Targeting Biocompatible Polymers for Efficient Systemic Delivery of Adenovirus. Cells 2021; 10:1896. [PMID: 34440666 PMCID: PMC8392276 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) has risen to be a promising alternative to conventional cancer therapy. However, systemic delivery of Ad, which is necessary for the treatment of metastatic cancer, remains a major challenge within the field, owing to poor tumor tropism and nonspecific hepatic tropism of the virus. To address this limitation of Ad, we have synthesized two variants of folic acid (FA)-conjugated methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly{N-[N-(2-aminoethyl)-2-aminoethyl]-L-glutamate (P5N2LG-FA and P5N5LG-FA) using 5 kDa poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with a different level of protonation (N2 < N5 in terms of charge), along with a P5N5LG control polymer without FA. Our findings demonstrate that P5N5LG, P5N2LG-FA, and P5N5LG-FA exert a lower level of cytotoxicity compared to 25 kDa polyethyleneimine. Furthermore, green fluorescent protein (GFP)-expressing Ad complexed with P5N2LG-FA and P5N5LG-FA (Ad/P5N2LG-FA and Ad/P5N5LG-FA, respectively) exerted superior transduction efficiency compared to naked Ad or Ad complexed with P5N5LG (Ad/P5N5LG) in folate receptor (FR)-overexpressing cancer cells (KB and MCF7). All three nanocomplexes (Ad/P5N5LG, Ad/P5N2LG-FA, and Ad/P5N5LG-FA) internalized into cancer cells through coxsackie adenovirus receptor-independent endocytic mechanism and the cell uptake was more efficient than naked Ad. Importantly, the cell uptake of the two FA functionalized nanocomplexes (Ad/P5N2LG-FA and Ad/P5N5LG-FA) was dependent on the complementary interaction of FA-FR. Systemically administered Ad/P5N5LG, Ad/P5N2LG-FA, and Ad/P5N5LG-FA showed exponentially higher retainment of the virus in blood circulation up to 24 h post-administration compared with naked Ad. Both tumor-targeted nanocomplexes (Ad/P5N2LG-FA and Ad/P5N5LG-FA) showed significantly higher intratumoral accumulation than naked Ad or Ad/P5N5LG via systemic administration. Both tumor-targeted nanocomplexes accumulated at a lower level in liver tissues compared to naked Ad. Notably, the nonspecific accumulation of Ad/P5N2LG-FA was significantly lower than Ad/P5N5LG-FA in several normal organs, while exhibiting a significantly higher intratumoral accumulation level, showing that careful optimization of polyplex surface charge is critical to successful tumor-targeted systemic delivery of Ad nanocomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Young Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (T.T.); (A.-R.Y.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Jin Woo Hong
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea;
| | - Thavasyappan Thambi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (T.T.); (A.-R.Y.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - A-Rum Yoon
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (T.T.); (A.-R.Y.); (J.-W.C.)
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Joung-Woo Choi
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (T.T.); (A.-R.Y.); (J.-W.C.)
| | - Yi Li
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (Y.L.); (Q.N.B.)
| | - Quang Nam Bui
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (Y.L.); (Q.N.B.)
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center, School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (Y.L.); (Q.N.B.)
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea; (J.Y.L.); (T.T.); (A.-R.Y.); (J.-W.C.)
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd., 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Korea;
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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13
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Kasala D, Hong J, Yun CO. Overcoming the barriers to optimization of adenovirus delivery using biomaterials: Current status and future perspective. J Control Release 2021; 332:285-300. [PMID: 33626335 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) is emerging as a promising modality for cancer gene therapy due to its ability to induce high level of therapeutic transgene expression with no risk of insertional mutagenesis, ability to be facilely produced at a high titer, and capacity to induce robust antitumor immune response. Despite these excellent attributes of human serotype 5 Ad, poor systemic administration capability, coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR)-dependent endocytic mechanism limiting potentially targetable cell types, nonspecific shedding to normal organs, and poor viral persistence in tumor tissues are major hindrances toward maximizing the therapeutic benefit of Ad in clinical setting. To address the abovementioned shortcomings, various non-immunogenic nanomaterials have been explored to modify Ad surface via physical or chemical interactions. In this review, we summarize the recent developments of different types of nanomaterials that had been utilized for modification of Ad and how tumor-targeted local and system delivery can be achieved with these nanocomplexes. Finally, we conclude by highlighting the key features of various nanomaterials-coated Ads and their prospects to optimize the delivery of virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayananda Kasala
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - JinWoo Hong
- GeneMedicine Co., Ltd, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST), Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; GeneMedicine Co., Ltd, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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14
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van den Berg AIS, Yun CO, Schiffelers RM, Hennink WE. Polymeric delivery systems for nucleic acid therapeutics: Approaching the clinic. J Control Release 2021; 331:121-141. [PMID: 33453339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gene therapy using nucleic acids has many clinical applications for the treatment of diseases with a genetic origin as well as for the development of innovative vaccine formulations. Since nucleic acids in their free form are rapidly degraded by nucleases present in extracellular matrices, have poor pharmacokinetics and hardly pass cellular membranes, carrier systems are required. Suitable carriers that protect the nucleic acid payload against enzymatic attack, prolong circulation time after systemic administration and assist in cellular binding and internalization are needed to develop nucleic acid based drug products. Viral vectors have been investigated and are also clinically used as delivery vehicles. However, some major drawbacks are associated with their use. Therefore there has been substantial attention on the use of non-viral carrier systems based on cationic lipids and polymers. This review focuses on the properties of polymer-based nucleic acid formulations, also referred as polyplexes. Different polymeric systems are summarized, and the cellular barriers polyplexes encounter and ways to tackle these are discussed. Finally attention is given to the clinical status of non-viral nucleic acid formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette I S van den Berg
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584, CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wim E Hennink
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584, CG, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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15
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Wang Y, Bruggeman KF, Franks S, Gautam V, Hodgetts SI, Harvey AR, Williams RJ, Nisbet DR. Is Viral Vector Gene Delivery More Effective Using Biomaterials? Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2001238. [PMID: 33191667 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202001238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gene delivery has been extensively investigated for introducing foreign genetic material into cells to promote expression of therapeutic proteins or to silence relevant genes. This approach can regulate genetic or epigenetic disorders, offering an attractive alternative to pharmacological therapy or invasive protein delivery options. However, the exciting potential of viral gene therapy has yet to be fully realized, with a number of clinical trials failing to deliver optimal therapeutic outcomes. Reasons for this include difficulty in achieving localized delivery, and subsequently lower efficacy at the target site, as well as poor or inconsistent transduction efficiency. Thus, ongoing efforts are focused on improving local viral delivery and enhancing its efficiency. Recently, biomaterials have been exploited as an option for more controlled, targeted and programmable gene delivery. There is a growing body of literature demonstrating the efficacy of biomaterials and their potential advantages over other delivery strategies. This review explores current limitations of gene delivery and the progress of biomaterial-mediated gene delivery. The combination of biomaterials and gene vectors holds the potential to surmount major challenges, including the uncontrolled release of viral vectors with random delivery duration, poorly localized viral delivery with associated off-target effects, limited viral tropism, and immune safety concerns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Kiara F. Bruggeman
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Stephanie Franks
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Vini Gautam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering The University of Melbourne Melbourne Victoria 3010 Australia
| | - Stuart I. Hodgetts
- School of Human Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Alan R. Harvey
- School of Human Sciences The University of Western Australia Perth WA 6009 Australia
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science Perth WA 6009 Australia
| | - Richard J. Williams
- The Institute for Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT) School of Medicine Deakin University Waurn Ponds VIC 3216 Australia
- Biofab3D St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy 3065 Australia
| | - David R. Nisbet
- Laboratory of Advanced Biomaterials Research School of Engineering The Australian National University Canberra ACT 2601 Australia
- Biofab3D St. Vincent's Hospital Fitzroy 3065 Australia
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16
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Gold Nanoparticle-Assisted Virus Formation by Means of the Delivery of an Oncolytic Adenovirus Genome. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10061183. [PMID: 32560474 PMCID: PMC7353451 DOI: 10.3390/nano10061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenoviruses are a therapeutic alternative to treat cancer based on their ability to replicate selectively in tumor cells. However, their use is limited mainly by the neutralizing antibody (Nab) immune response that prevents repeated dosing. An alternative to facilitate the DNA access to the tumor even in the presence of anti-viral Nabs could be gold nanoparticles able to transfer DNA molecules. However, the ability of these nanoparticles to carry large DNA molecules, such as an oncolytic adenovirus genome, has not been studied. In this work, gold nanoparticles were functionalized with different amounts of polyethylenimine to transfer in a safe and efficient manner a large oncolytic virus genome. Their transfer efficacy and final effect of the oncolytic virus in cancer cells are studied. For each synthesized nanoparticle, (a) DNA loading capacity, (b) complex size, (c) DNA protection ability, (d) transfection efficacy and (e) cytotoxic effect were studied. We observed that small gold nanoparticles (70–80 nm in diameter) protected DNA against nucleases and were able to transfect the ICOVIR-15 oncolytic virus genome encoded in pLR1 plasmid. In the present work, efficient transgene RNA expression, luciferase activity and viral cytopathic effect on cancer cells are reported. These results suggest gold nanoparticles to be an efficient and safe vector for oncolytic adenovirus genome transfer.
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17
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Sosa-Acosta JR, Iriarte-Mesa C, Ortega GA, Díaz-García AM. DNA–Iron Oxide Nanoparticles Conjugates: Functional Magnetic Nanoplatforms in Biomedical Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:13. [DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0277-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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18
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Abstract
This chapter is a brief overview of use of nanobiotechnology in drug delivery. Several types of nanoparticles are available. Nanoparticulate formulations of normally used drugs have increased efficacy due to improved absorption and require lower dosage with less side effects than standard formulations. Nanobiotechnology also facilitates targeted drug delivery of anticancer drugs, which is important for the management of cancer. Nanoparticles also facilitate crossing of biological barriers in the human body for drug delivery to targeted organs, for example, crossing the blood-brain barrier to reach the brain. Nanobiotechnology applications in delivery of biological therapies are expanding in areas such as cell and gene therapies, siRNAs, and monoclonal antibodies. Some nanoparticles can carry more than one therapeutic molecule enabling multimodal therapy and combination with physical modalities such as radiotherapy in cancer. Nanorobotics is developing with applications in drug delivery, particularly for cancer. Other anticipated developments in this area include use of nanotechnology for creating intelligent drug release devices.
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19
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Sun Y, Lv X, Ding P, Wang L, Sun Y, Li S, Zhang H, Gao Z. Exploring the functions of polymers in adenovirus-mediated gene delivery: Evading immune response and redirecting tropism. Acta Biomater 2019; 97:93-104. [PMID: 31386928 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) is a promising viral carrier in gene therapy because of its unique attribution. However, clinical applications of Ad vectors are currently restricted by their immunogenicity and broad native tropism. To address these obstacles, a variety of nonimmunogenic polymers are utilized to modify Ad vectors chemically or physically. In this review, we systemically discuss the functions of polymers in Ad-mediated gene delivery from two aspects: evading the host immune responses to Ads and redirecting Ad tropism. With polyethylene glycol (PEG) first in order, a variety of polymers have been developed to shield the surface of Ad vectors and well accomplished to evade the host immune response, block CAR-dependant cellular uptake, and reduce accumulation in the liver. In addition, shielding Ad vectors with targeted polymers (including targeting ligand-conjugated polymers and bio-responsive polymers) can also efficiently retarget Ad vectors to tumor tissues and reduce their distribution in nontargeted tissues. With its potential to evade the immune response and retarget Ad vectors, modification with polymers has been generally regarded as a promising strategy to facilitate the clinical applications of Ad vectors for virotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: There is no doubt that Adenovirus (Ads) are attractive vectors for gene therapy, with high sophistication and effectiveness in overcoming both extra- and intracellular barriers, which cannot be exceeded by any other nonviral gene vectors. Unfortunately, their clinical applications are still restricted by some critical hurdles, including immunogenicity and native broad tropism. Therefore, a variety of elegant strategies have been developed from various angles to address these hurdles. Among these various strategies, coating Ads with nonimmunogenic polymers has attracted much attention. In this review, we systemically discuss the functions of polymers in Ad-mediated gene delivery from two aspects: evading the host immune responses to Ads and redirecting Ad tropism. In addition, the key factors in Ad modification with polymers have been highlighted and summarized to provide guiding theory for the design of more effective and safer polymer-Ad hybrid gene vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Xiaoqian Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Pingtian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Long Wang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, California State University, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Yongjun Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Shuo Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China
| | - Zibin Gao
- Department of Pharmacy, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; State Key Laboratory Breeding Base - Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry for Drugs, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China; Hebei Research Center of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang 050018, China.
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20
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Overcoming the limitations of locally administered oncolytic virotherapy. BMC Biomed Eng 2019; 1:17. [PMID: 32903299 PMCID: PMC7422506 DOI: 10.1186/s42490-019-0016-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenovirus (Ad) has been most extensively evaluated gene transfer vector in clinical trials due to facile production in high viral titer, highly efficient transduction, and proven safety record. Similarly, an oncolytic Ad, which replicates selectively in cancer cells through genetic modifications, is actively being evaluated in various phases of clinical trials as a promising next generation therapeutic against cancer. Most of these trials with oncolytic Ads to date have employed intratumoral injection as the standard administration route. Although these locally administered oncolytic Ads have shown promising outcomes, the therapeutic efficacy is not yet optimal due to poor intratumoral virion retention, nonspecific shedding of virion to normal organs, variable infection efficacy due to heterogeneity of tumor cells, adverse antiviral immune response, and short biological activity of oncolytic viruses in situ. These inherent problems associated with locally administered Ad also holds true for other oncolytic viral vectors. Thus, this review will aim to discuss various nanomaterial-based delivery strategies to improve the intratumoral administration efficacy of oncolytic Ad as well as other types of oncolytic viruses.
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21
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Caronia JM, Sorensen DW, Leslie HM, van Berlo JH, Azarin SM. Adhesive thermosensitive gels for local delivery of viral vectors. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2353-2363. [PMID: 31038193 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Local delivery of viral vectors can enhance the efficacy of therapies by selectively affecting necessary tissues and reducing the required vector dose. Pluronic F127 is a thermosensitive polymer that undergoes a solution-gelation (sol-gel) transition as temperature increases and can deliver vectors without damaging them. While pluronics can be spread over large areas, such as the surface of an organ, before gelation, they lack sufficient adhesivity to remain attached to some tissues, such as the surface of the heart or mucosal surfaces. Here, we utilized blends of pluronic F127 and polycarbophil (PCB), a mucoadhesive agent, to provide the necessary adhesivity for local delivery of viral vectors to the cardiac muscle. The effects of PCB concentration on adhesive properties, sol-gel temperature transition and cytocompatibility were evaluated. Rheological studies showed that PCB decreased the sol-gel transition temperature at concentrations >1% and increased the adhesive properties of the gel. Furthermore, these gels were able to deliver viral vectors and transduce cells in vitro and in vivo in a neonatal mouse apical resection model. These gels could be a useful platform for delivering viral vectors over the surface of organs where increased adhesivity is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette M Caronia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Daniel W Sorensen
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Hope M Leslie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Jop H van Berlo
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Division and Lillehei Heart Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
| | - Samira M Azarin
- Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota
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22
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Na Y, Nam JP, Hong J, Oh E, Shin HC, Kim HS, Kim SW, Yun CO. Systemic administration of human mesenchymal stromal cells infected with polymer-coated oncolytic adenovirus induces efficient pancreatic tumor homing and infiltration. J Control Release 2019; 305:75-88. [PMID: 31071373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Oncolytic adenovirus (oAd)-mediated gene therapy is a promising approach for cancer treatment because of its cancer cell-restricted replication and therapeutic gene expression. However, systemic administration of oAd is severely restricted by their immunogenic nature and poor tumor homing ability, thus oAd cannot be utilized to treat disseminated metastases. In this study, human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (hMSCs) was used as a viral replication-permissive carrier for oAd with an aim to improve the systemic delivery of the virus to tumor tissues. To overcome the poor delivery of oAd into hMSCs, a relaxin (RLX)-expressing oncolytic Ad (oAd/RLX), which degrades dense tumor extracellular matrix of highly desmoplastic pancreatic cancer, was complexed with biodegradable polymer (poly (ethyleneimine)-conjugated poly(CBA-DAH); PCDP), generating oAd/RLX-PCDP complex. oAd/RLX-PCDP complex enhanced the internalization of oAd into hMSC, leading to superior viral production and release from hMSCs, along with high RLX expression. Furthermore, systemic administration of oAd/RLX-PCDP-treated hMSCs elicited more potent antitumor effect compared to naked oAd/RLX or oAd/RLX-treated hMSC in pancreatic tumor model. This potent antitumor effect of systemically administered oAd/RLX-PCDP-treated hMSCs was achieved by superior viral replication in tumor tissues than any other treatment group. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that hMSCs are effective carriers for the systemic delivery of oAd to tumor sites and treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youjin Na
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Joung-Pyo Nam
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - JinWoo Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Oh
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Sung Wan Kim
- Center for Controlled Chemical Delivery, Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Le TMD, Jung BK, Li Y, Duong HTT, Nguyen TL, Hong JW, Yun CO, Lee DS. Physically crosslinked injectable hydrogels for long-term delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses for cancer treatment. Biomater Sci 2019; 7:4195-4207. [DOI: 10.1039/c9bm00992b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
A dual pH- and temperature-responsive physically crosslinked and injectable hydrogel system was developed for efficient and long-term delivery of oncolytic adenoviruses (Ads).
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Affiliation(s)
- Thai Minh Duy Le
- School of Chemical Engineering and Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Kyeong Jung
- Department of Bioengineering
- College of Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Yi Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Huu Thuy Trang Duong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Thanh Loc Nguyen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Woo Hong
- Department of Bioengineering
- College of Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering
- College of Engineering
- Hanyang University
- Seoul
- Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Sung Lee
- School of Chemical Engineering and Theranostic Macromolecules Research Center
- Sungkyunkwan University
- Suwon
- Republic of Korea
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24
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Prondzynski M, Mearini G, Carrier L. Gene therapy strategies in the treatment of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Pflugers Arch 2018; 471:807-815. [PMID: 29971600 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-018-2173-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an inherited myocardial disease with an estimated prevalence of 1:200 caused by mutations in sarcomeric proteins. It is associated with hypertrophy of the left ventricle, increased interstitial fibrosis, and diastolic dysfunction for heterozygous mutation carriers. Carriers of double heterozygous, compound heterozygous, and homozygous mutations often display more severe forms of cardiomyopathies, ultimately leading to premature death. So far, there is no curative treatment against HCM, as current therapies are focused on symptoms relief by pharmacological intervention and not on the cause of HCM. In the last decade, several strategies have been developed to remove genetic defects, including genome editing, exon skipping, allele-specific silencing, spliceosome-mediated RNA trans-splicing, and gene replacement. Most of these technologies have already been tested for efficacy and efficiency in animal- or human-induced pluripotent stem cell models of HCM with promising results. We will summarize recent technological advances and their implication as gene therapy options in HCM with a special focus on treating MYBPC3 mutations and its potential for being a successful bench to bedside example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksymilian Prondzynski
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Giulia Mearini
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. .,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany.
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25
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Melinek BJ, Dessoy S, Wright B, Bracewell DG, Mukhopadhyay TK. Ultra scale-down approaches to study the centrifugal harvest for viral vaccine production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2018; 115:1226-1238. [PMID: 29315484 DOI: 10.1002/bit.26546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Large scale continuous cell-line cultures promise greater reproducibility and efficacy for the production of influenza vaccines, and adenovirus for gene therapy. This paper seeks to use an existing validated ultra scale-down tool, which is designed to mimic the commercial scale process environment using only milliliters of material, to provide some initial insight into the performance of the harvest step for these processes. The performance of industrial scale centrifugation and subsequent downstream process units is significantly affected by shear. The properties of these cells, in particular their shear sensitivity, may be changed considerably by production of a viral product, but literature on this is limited to date. In addition, the scale-down tool used here has not previously been applied to the clarification of virus production processes. The results indicate that virus infected cells do not actually show any increase in sensitivity to shear, and may indeed become less shear sensitive, in a similar manner to that previously observed in old or dead cell cultures. Clarification may be most significantly dependent on the virus release mechanism, with the budding influenza virus producing a much greater decrease in clarification than the lytic, non-enveloped adenovirus. A good match was also demonstrated to the industrial scale performance in terms of clarification, protein release, and impurity profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice J Melinek
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz building, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Bernice Wright
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Dan G Bracewell
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz building, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tarit K Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, Bernard Katz building, University College London, London, UK
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26
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Jung BK, Oh E, Hong J, Lee Y, Park KD, Yun CO. A hydrogel matrix prolongs persistence and promotes specific localization of an oncolytic adenovirus in a tumor by restricting nonspecific shedding and an antiviral immune response. Biomaterials 2017; 147:26-38. [PMID: 28923683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Currently, intratumoral injection of an oncolytic adenovirus (Ad) is the conventional administration route in clinical trials. Nonetheless, the locally administered Ad disseminates to the surrounding nontarget tissues and has short biological activity due to immunogenicity of Ad, thus necessitating multiple injections to achieve a sufficient therapeutic index. In the present study, a tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-expressing oncolytic Ad (oAd-TRAIL) was encapsulated in a gelatin hydrogel (oAd-TRAIL/gel) to enhance and prolong antitumor efficacy of the virus after a single intratumoral injection. oAd-TRAIL/gel showed greater antitumor efficacy than naked oAd-TRAIL did due to enhanced and prolonged intratumoral accumulation of Ad up to a 20-day period, showing potent induction of apoptosis and inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Furthermore, the gel system effectively prevented shedding of oncolytic Ad from the injection site to hepatic and other healthy tissues. oAd-TRAIL/gel treatment resulted in a markedly weaker antiviral immune response against Ad relative to naked oAd-TRAIL, further contributing to prolonged persistence of the oncolytic Ad in tumor tissue. Moreover, the hydrogel matrix preserved oAd-TRAIL's ability to induce an antitumor immune response, resulting in higher intratumoral infiltration by CD4+/CD8+ T cells. Taken together, these findings show that single intratumoral administration of the Ad/hydrogel modality may prolong and potentiate the therapeutic efficacy of Ad, modulate the immune reaction in favor of the virotherapy, and enhance intratumoral localization of the virus, ultimately overcoming limitations of oncolytic virotherapy revealed in recent clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Kyeong Jung
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Eonju Oh
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - JinWoo Hong
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunki Lee
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 5 Woncheon, Yeongtong, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Dong Park
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, 5 Woncheon, Yeongtong, Suwon 443-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae-Ok Yun
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
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