1
|
Roy S, Ghosh A, Majie A, Karmakar V, Das S, Dinda SC, Bose A, Gorain B. Terpenoids as potential phytoconstituent in the treatment of diabetes: From preclinical to clinical advancement. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 129:155638. [PMID: 38728916 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus, a hyperglycemic condition associated with multitudinous organ dysfunction, is a hallmark of the metabolic disorder. This life-threatening condition affects millions of individuals globally, harming them financially, physically and psychologically in the course of therapy. PURPOSES The course therapy for illnesses has undergone ground-breaking transformations due to recent technical advances and insights. Alternatively, the administration of hyperglycemia-reducing agents results in several complications, including severe cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, hepatic problems, and several dermatological conditions. Consideration of alternate diabetic therapy having minimal side effects or no adverse reactions has been driven by such problems. STUDY DESIGN An extensive literature study was conducted in authoritative scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to identify the studies elucidating the bioactivities of terpenoids in diabetic conditions. METHODS Keywords including 'terpenoids', 'monoterpenes', 'diterpenes', 'sesquiterpenes', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus', 'clinical trials', 'preclinical studies', and 'increased blood glucose' were used to identify the relevant research articles. The exclusion criteria, such as English language, duplication, open access, abstract only, and studies not involving preclinical and clinical research, were set. Based on these criteria, 937 relevant articles were selected for further evaluation. RESULTS Triterpenes can serve as therapeutic agents for diabetic retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy, and kidney dysfunction by inhibiting several pathways linked to hyperglycemia and its complications. Therefore, it is essential to draw special attention to these compounds' therapeutic effectiveness and provide scientific professionals with novel data. CONCLUSION This study addressed recent progress in research focussing on mechanisms of terpenoid, its by-products, physiological actions, and therapeutic applications, particularly in diabetic and associated disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanta Roy
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Diamond Harbour Rd, Sarisha, West Bengal, India
| | - Arya Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Ankit Majie
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Varnita Karmakar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
| | - Sourav Das
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Diamond Harbour Rd, Sarisha, West Bengal, India
| | - Subas Chandra Dinda
- School of Pharmacy, The Neotia University, Diamond Harbour Rd, Sarisha, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirbandeep Bose
- School of Medical Science, Adamas University, Barbaria, Jagannathpur, Kolkata, India.
| | - Bapi Gorain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bosso M, Haddad D, Al Madhoun A, Al-Mulla F. Targeting the Metabolic Paradigms in Cancer and Diabetes. Biomedicines 2024; 12:211. [PMID: 38255314 PMCID: PMC10813379 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated metabolic dynamics are evident in both cancer and diabetes, with metabolic alterations representing a facet of the myriad changes observed in these conditions. This review delves into the commonalities in metabolism between cancer and type 2 diabetes (T2D), focusing specifically on the contrasting roles of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis as primary energy-generating pathways within cells. Building on earlier research, we explore how a shift towards one pathway over the other serves as a foundational aspect in the development of cancer and T2D. Unlike previous reviews, we posit that this shift may occur in seemingly opposing yet complementary directions, akin to the Yin and Yang concept. These metabolic fluctuations reveal an intricate network of underlying defective signaling pathways, orchestrating the pathogenesis and progression of each disease. The Warburg phenomenon, characterized by the prevalence of aerobic glycolysis over minimal to no OXPHOS, emerges as the predominant metabolic phenotype in cancer. Conversely, in T2D, the prevailing metabolic paradigm has traditionally been perceived in terms of discrete irregularities rather than an OXPHOS-to-glycolysis shift. Throughout T2D pathogenesis, OXPHOS remains consistently heightened due to chronic hyperglycemia or hyperinsulinemia. In advanced insulin resistance and T2D, the metabolic landscape becomes more complex, featuring differential tissue-specific alterations that affect OXPHOS. Recent findings suggest that addressing the metabolic imbalance in both cancer and diabetes could offer an effective treatment strategy. Numerous pharmaceutical and nutritional modalities exhibiting therapeutic effects in both conditions ultimately modulate the OXPHOS-glycolysis axis. Noteworthy nutritional adjuncts, such as alpha-lipoic acid, flavonoids, and glutamine, demonstrate the ability to reprogram metabolism, exerting anti-tumor and anti-diabetic effects. Similarly, pharmacological agents like metformin exhibit therapeutic efficacy in both T2D and cancer. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms underlying these metabolic shifts and explores promising therapeutic strategies aimed at reversing the metabolic imbalance in both disease scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mira Bosso
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Dania Haddad
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
| | - Ashraf Al Madhoun
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
- Department of Animal and Imaging Core Facilities, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Health Science Center, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
- Department of Genetics and Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait; (D.H.); (A.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hoffman EG, D'Souza NC, Aiken J, Atherley S, Liggins R, Riddell MC. Effects of somatostatin receptor type 2 antagonism during insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in male rats with prediabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:1547-1556. [PMID: 36734462 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To examine if glucagon counterregulatory defects exist in a rat model of prediabetes (pre-T2D) and to assess if a selective somatostatin receptor 2 antagonist (SSTR2a), ZT-01, enhances the glucagon response to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia. MATERIALS AND METHODS Hyperglycaemia was induced in 8- to 9-week-old male, Sprague-Dawley rats via 7 weeks of high-fat diet followed by a single, low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (30 mg/kg). After 2 weeks of basal insulin therapy (0-4 U/d insulin glargine, administered subcutaneously [SC]) to facilitate partial glycaemic recovery and a pre-T2D phenotype, n = 17 pre-T2D and n = 10 normal chow-fed control rats underwent the first of two hypoglycaemic treatment-crossover experiments, separated by a 1-week washout period. On each experimental day, SSTR2a (3 mg/kg ZT-01, SC) or vehicle was administered 1 hour prior to insulin-induced hypoglycaemia (insulin aspart, 6 U/kg, SC). RESULTS Glucagon counterregulation was marginally reduced with the induction of pre-T2D. Treatment with SSTR2a raised peak plasma glucagon levels and glucagon area under the curve before and after insulin overdose in both and pre-T2D rats. Blood glucose concentration was elevated by 30 minutes after SSTR2a treatment in pre-T2D rats, and hypoglycaemia onset (≤3.9 mmol/L) was delayed by 15 ± 12 minutes compared with vehicle (P < 0.001), despite similar glucose nadirs in the two treatment groups (1.4 ± 0.3 mmol/L). SSTR2a treatment had no effect on blood glucose levels in the control group or on the hypoglycaemia-induced decline in plasma C-peptide levels in either group. CONCLUSIONS Treatment with an SSTR2a increases glucagon responsiveness and delays the onset of insulin-induced hypoglycaemia in this rat model of pre-T2D where only a modest deficiency in glucagon counterregulation exists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily G Hoffman
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ninoschka C D'Souza
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Julian Aiken
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Atherley
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Michael C Riddell
- School of Kinesiology and Health Science, Muscle Health Research Centre, York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mukai E, Fujimoto S, Inagaki N. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species in Glucose Metabolism Disorder in Diabetic Pancreatic β-Cells. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12091228. [PMID: 36139067 PMCID: PMC9496160 DOI: 10.3390/biom12091228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The dysfunction of pancreatic β-cells plays a central role in the onset and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Insulin secretory defects in β-cells are characterized by a selective impairment of glucose stimulation, and a reduction in glucose-induced ATP production, which is essential for insulin secretion. High glucose metabolism for insulin secretion generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria. In addition, the expression of antioxidant enzymes is very low in β-cells. Therefore, β-cells are easily exposed to oxidative stress. In islet studies using a nonobese T2DM animal model that exhibits selective impairment of glucose-induced insulin secretion (GSIS), quenching ROS generated by glucose stimulation and accumulated under glucose toxicity can improve impaired GSIS. Acute ROS generation and toxicity cause glucose metabolism disorders through different molecular mechanisms. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), a transcription factor, is a master regulator of antioxidant defense and a potential therapeutic target in oxidative stress-related diseases, suggesting the possible involvement of Nrf2 in β-cell dysfunction caused by ROS. In this review, we describe the mechanisms of insulin secretory defects induced by oxidative stress in diabetic β-cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eri Mukai
- Medical Physiology and Metabolism Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu 5258577, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Shimpei Fujimoto
- Department of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kochi 7838505, Japan
| | - Nobuya Inagaki
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 6068507, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Varney MJ, Steyaert W, Coucke PJ, Delanghe JR, Uehling DE, Joseph B, Marcellus R, Al-Awar R, Benovic JL. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) regulates insulin processing and secretion via effects on proinsulin conversion to insulin. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:102421. [PMID: 36030052 PMCID: PMC9526158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies identified a missense mutation in the gene coding for G protein–coupled receptor kinase 6 (GRK6) that segregates with type 2 diabetes (T2D). To better understand how GRK6 might be involved in T2D, we used pharmacological inhibition and genetic knockdown in the mouse β-cell line, MIN6, to determine whether GRK6 regulates insulin dynamics. We show inhibition of GRK5 and GRK6 increased insulin secretion but reduced insulin processing while GRK6 knockdown revealed these same processing defects with reduced levels of cellular insulin. GRK6 knockdown cells also had attenuated insulin secretion but enhanced proinsulin secretion consistent with decreased processing. In support of these findings, we demonstrate GRK6 rescue experiments in knockdown cells restored insulin secretion after glucose treatment. The altered insulin profile appears to be caused by changes in the proprotein convertases, the enzymes responsible for proinsulin to insulin conversion, as GRK6 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced convertase expression and activity. To identify how the GRK6-P384S mutation found in T2D patients might affect insulin processing, we performed biochemical and cell biological assays to study the properties of the mutant. We found that while GRK6-P384S was more active than WT GRK6, it displayed a cytosolic distribution in cells compared to the normal plasma membrane localization of GRK6. Additionally, GRK6 overexpression in MIN6 cells enhanced proinsulin processing, while GRK6-P384S expression had little effect. Taken together, our data show that GRK6 regulates insulin processing and secretion in a glucose-dependent manner and provide a foundation for understanding the contribution of GRK6 to T2D.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Varney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Wouter Steyaert
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Paul J Coucke
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University and Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joris R Delanghe
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - David E Uehling
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Babu Joseph
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Richard Marcellus
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada
| | - Rima Al-Awar
- Drug Discovery Program, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Ontario M5G 0A3, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Jeffrey L Benovic
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Takahara M, Shiraiwa T, Maeno Y, Yamamoto K, Shiraiwa Y, Yoshida Y, Nishioka N, Katakami N, Shimomura I. Improvement of beta-cell function in conjunction with glycemic control after medical nutrition therapy in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. BMC Endocr Disord 2022; 22:150. [PMID: 35658859 PMCID: PMC9167542 DOI: 10.1186/s12902-022-01064-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current study aimed to reveal the correlation of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity with glycemic control and weight control before and after medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed consecutive 68 patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus who started MNT without antihyperglycemic medications and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after the therapy. Beta-cell function was evaluated by the OGTT-derived disposition index, whereas insulin sensitivity was evaluated by Matsuda's insulin sensitivity index. RESULTS After 4.0 ± 1.5 months of MNT, mean HbA1c and body mass index significantly decreased from 9.6 ± 1.8% to 7.2 ± 1.0% and from 26.9 ± 4.1 to 25.4 ± 3.7 kg/m2 (both P < 0.001), while the median disposition index and Matsuda's index significantly increased from 0.34 (0.20-0.68) to 0.88 (0.53-1.52) (P < 0.001) and from 4.70 (2.95-5.93) to 5.17 (3.48-6.89) (P = 0.003), respectively. The disposition index was significantly correlated with HbA1c levels both before and after MNT (r = -0.61 and -0.68; both P < 0.001). The magnitude of the correlation after MNT was not different from that before MNT (P = 0.42). Matsuda's index was correlated not with HbA1c levels but with body mass index, both before (r = 0.07 [P = 0.57] and r = -0.58 [P < 0.001]) and after MNT (r = -0.01 [P = 0.95] and r = -0.52 [P < 0.001]). CONCLUSIONS Beta-cell function was improved in conjunction with glycemic control after MNT in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin sensitivity was linked with weight control rather than glycemic control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
| | - Toshihiko Shiraiwa
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Maeno
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Kaoru Yamamoto
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Yuka Shiraiwa
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Yoko Yoshida
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Norio Nishioka
- Shiraiwa Medical Clinic, 4-10-24 Hozenji, Kashiwara City, Osaka, 582-0005, Japan
| | - Naoto Katakami
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Blahova J, Martiniakova M, Babikova M, Kovacova V, Mondockova V, Omelka R. Pharmaceutical Drugs and Natural Therapeutic Products for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:806. [PMID: 34451903 PMCID: PMC8398612 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most widespread form of diabetes, characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia, insulin resistance, and inefficient insulin secretion and action. Primary care in T2DM is pharmacological, using drugs of several groups that include insulin sensitisers (e.g., biguanides, thiazolidinediones), insulin secretagogues (e.g., sulphonylureas, meglinides), alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and the newest incretin-based therapies and sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors. However, their long-term application can cause many harmful side effects, emphasising the importance of the using natural therapeutic products. Natural health substances including non-flavonoid polyphenols (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin, tannins, and lignans), flavonoids (e.g., anthocyanins, epigallocatechin gallate, quercetin, naringin, rutin, and kaempferol), plant fruits, vegetables and other products (e.g., garlic, green tea, blackcurrant, rowanberry, bilberry, strawberry, cornelian cherry, olive oil, sesame oil, and carrot) may be a safer alternative to primary pharmacological therapy. They are recommended as food supplements to prevent and/or ameliorate T2DM-related complications. In the advanced stage of T2DM, the combination therapy of synthetic agents and natural compounds with synergistic interactions makes the treatment more efficient. In this review, both pharmaceutical drugs and selected natural products, as well as combination therapies, are characterized. Mechanisms of their action and possible negative side effects are also provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jana Blahova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.B.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Babikova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.B.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Veronika Kovacova
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia;
| | - Vladimira Mondockova
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.B.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| | - Radoslav Omelka
- Department of Botany and Genetics, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, 949 74 Nitra, Slovakia; (J.B.); (M.B.); (V.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Merovci A, Tripathy D, Chen X, Valdez I, Abdul-Ghani M, Solis-Herrera C, Gastaldelli A, DeFronzo RA. Effect of Mild Physiologic Hyperglycemia on Insulin Secretion, Insulin Clearance, and Insulin Sensitivity in Healthy Glucose-Tolerant Subjects. Diabetes 2021; 70:204-213. [PMID: 33033064 PMCID: PMC7881846 DOI: 10.2337/db20-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of sustained physiologic increase of ∼50 mg/dL in plasma glucose concentration on insulin secretion in normal glucose-tolerant (NGT) subjects. Twelve NGT subjects without family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM; FH-) and 8 NGT with family history of T2DM (FH+) received an oral glucose tolerance test and two-step hyperglycemic clamp (100 and 300 mg/dL) followed by intravenous arginine bolus before and after 72-h glucose infusion. Fasting plasma glucose increased from 94 ± 2 to 142 ± 4 mg/dL for 72 h. First-phase insulin secretion (0-10 min) increased by 70%, while second-phase insulin secretion during the first (10-80 min) and second (90-160 min) hyperglycemic clamp steps increased by 3.8-fold and 1.9-fold, respectively, following 72 h of physiologic hyperglycemia. Insulin sensitivity during hyperglycemic clamp declined by ∼30% and ∼55% (both P < 0.05), respectively, during the first and second hyperglycemic clamp steps. Insulin secretion/insulin resistance (disposition) index declined by 60% (second clamp step) and by 62% following arginine (both P < 0.005) following 72-h glucose infusion. The effect of 72-h glucose infusion on insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity was similar in subjects with and without FH of T2DM. Following 72 h of physiologic hyperglycemia, metabolic clearance rate of insulin was markedly reduced (P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that sustained physiologic hyperglycemia for 72 h 1) increases absolute insulin secretion but impairs β-cell function, 2) causes insulin resistance, and 3) reduces metabolic clearance rate of insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Merovci
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Devjit Tripathy
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
- Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Heath Care System, Foundation for Advancing Veterans' Health Research, San Antonio, TX
| | - Xi Chen
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ivan Valdez
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Muhammad Abdul-Ghani
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Carolina Solis-Herrera
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
- Audie L. Murphy VA Hospital, South Texas Veterans Heath Care System, Foundation for Advancing Veterans' Health Research, San Antonio, TX
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hon HWH, Wong THT, Tse IMY, Louie JCY. The effect of a low glycaemic index diet on reducing day-long glycaemia in healthy young adults: A randomized crossover trial. Diabetes Obes Metab 2020; 22:2398-2407. [PMID: 32761737 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare the effect of a low glycaemic index (LGI) diet on reducing day-long glycaemia with a macronutrient-matched high glycaemic index (HGI) diet, using customized meal delivery to ensure compliance. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a single-blinded, randomized crossover trial in 14 healthy adults (57% female) with a mean ± SD age of 21.6 ± 1.7 years. A flash glucose monitoring sensor was installed on the subjects on day 1 to capture the interstitial glucose level every 15 minutes for 14 days. Subjects were randomized to receive an LGI (dietary GI = 40) or HGI (dietary GI = 60) diet (three meals and two snacks) from day 2 for 5 consecutive days, followed by a 2-day washout, then switched to the alternative diet for another 5 days. A paired t-test was used to test the differences in the incremental area under the curve (iAUC) of glucose, postprandial glucose (PPG) concentration and maximum postprandial glucose rise (MPGR) between the LGI and HGI periods. RESULTS Subjects had lower iAUC for average day-long glycaemia during the LGI intervention period compared with the HGI period (mean ± SD, 865 ± 297 vs. 1024 ± 267 mmol x min/L; P = .047). PPG for breakfast and snack 2, and MPGR for breakfast, snack 2 and dinner, were lower in the LGI period. CONCLUSIONS In young healthy adults, following an LGI diet resulted in lower average day-long glycaemia compared with a macronutrient-matched HGI diet. Our results support the use of LGI diets to reduce the risk of developing glucose intolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Wing Han Hon
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tommy Hon Ting Wong
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Iris Mei Ying Tse
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jimmy Chun Yu Louie
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Imeglimin is the first of the "glimins," a new class of drugs developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review highlights its mechanism of action and its context in the field of T2DM treatment. Preclinical data in multiple rodent models have detailed significant effects on mitochondria, particularly improved mitochondrial bioenergetics. This includes changes favoring complex II and complex III metabolism, a mechanism potentially promoting increased fatty acid oxidation, leading to the decrease in hepatic lipid accumulation observed in these mice. Imeglimin was also shown to increase muscle glucose uptake and decrease hepatic glucose production, both in vitro and in vivo. Though studies have also shown imeglimin to significantly improve insulin secretion and decrease β-cell death, whether its physiologic effects are purely insulin dependent remains unclear. Early preclinical studies have shown evidence for improvements in cardiac and renal function in rats with metabolic syndrome, effects not conferred by most currently available T2DM drugs. Clinical studies of imeglimin in humans have shown increased insulin secretion, along with decreased fasting plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin. Its observed efficacy was comparable to that of currently available agents metformin and sitagliptin and was increased when given in combination with either agent. When considered alongside its benign safety profile reported in patients with chronic kidney disease, imeglimin shows true promise to provide a novel mechanism for T2DM treatment, with potential application in a larger, more comprehensive patient population.
Collapse
|
11
|
Takahara M, Shiraiwa T, Matsuoka TA, Yamamoto K, Maeno Y, Shiraiwa Y, Yoshida Y, Katakami N, Iijima H, Katsumata H, Arakawa K, Hashimoto T, Shimomura I. Investigation of the Effect of Canagliflozin on the Disposition Index, a Marker of Pancreatic Beta Cell Function, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2020; 13:4457-4468. [PMID: 33244248 PMCID: PMC7683829 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s273396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to investigate the effects of add-on canagliflozin with glimepiride dose adjustment or glimepiride dose adjustment on pancreatic beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and inadequate glycemic control despite stable triple therapy (metformin, teneligliptin, and glimepiride) plus diet/exercise therapy. METHODS Forty patients on stable triple therapy were randomized to glimepiride dose adjustment without (glimepiride group) or with add-on canagliflozin 100 mg (canagliflozin group) for 24 weeks. The glimepiride dose was adjusted every 4 weeks based on continuous glucose monitoring over the previous 2 weeks according to a prespecified algorithm. After the 24-week treatment period, the patients returned to the pre-intervention regimen for 1 week (wash-out period). Patients underwent 75 g OGTTs at the start of the run-in period and at the end of the wash-out period. The primary endpoint was the change in disposition index (DI). RESULTS Thirty-nine patients completed the study (canagliflozin, n = 19; glimepiride, n = 20). The change in DI was +5.1% and -11.0% in the canagliflozin and glimepiride groups, respectively, with a between-group difference ratio of 18.0% (P = 0.330). HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, body weight, and daily-life continuous glucose monitoring-derived parameters improved in the canagliflozin group. Hypoglycemia occurred in 60% (44 episodes) and 70% (79 episodes) of patients in the canagliflozin and glimepiride groups, respectively. The change in DI was significantly correlated with the changes in glycemic control and variability in overall cohort. CONCLUSION Adding canagliflozin to the triple therapy improved beta cell function by 18%, but it did not reach statistical significance. This study also demonstrated a correlation between the change in DI and glycemic control. As canagliflozin improved both glucose level and variability with relatively lower risk of hypoglycemia compared with glimepiride dose adjustment, adding canagliflozin to the triple therapy may be clinically beneficial. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN000030208/jRCTs051180036.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Diabetes Care Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Taka-aki Matsuoka
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Correspondence: Taka-aki Matsuoka Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka565-0871, JapanTel +81-6-6879-3732Fax +81-6-6879-3739 Email
| | | | | | | | | | - Naoto Katakami
- Department of Metabolism and Atherosclerosis, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Iijima
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Katsumata
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kenji Arakawa
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshio Hashimoto
- Ikuyaku. Integrated Value Development Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iichiro Shimomura
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Recent Updates in Pharmacological Properties of Chitooligosaccharides. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:4568039. [PMID: 31781615 PMCID: PMC6875261 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4568039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chemical structures derived from marine foods are highly diverse and pharmacologically promising. In particular, chitooligosaccharides (COS) present a safe pharmacokinetic profile and a great source of new bioactive polymers. This review describes the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic properties of COS from recent publications. Thus, COS constitute an effective agent against oxidative stress, cellular damage, and inflammatory pathogenesis. The mechanisms of action and targeted therapeutic pathways of COS are summarized and discussed. COS may act as antioxidants via their radical scavenging activity and by decreasing oxidative stress markers. The mechanism of COS antidiabetic effect is characterized by an acceleration of pancreatic islets proliferation, an increase in insulin secretion and sensitivity, a reduction of postprandial glucose, and an improvement of glucose uptake. COS upregulate the GLUT2 and inhibit digestive enzyme and glucose transporters. Furthermore, they resulted in reduction of gluconeogenesis and promotion of glucose conversion. On the other hand, the COS decrease inflammatory mediators, suppress the activation of NF-κB, increase the phosphorylation of kinase, and stimulate the proliferation of lymphocytes. Overall, this review brings evidence from experimental data about protective effect of COS.
Collapse
|
13
|
Liu X, Wang W, Chen HL, Zhang HY, Zhang NX. Interplay between Alzheimer's disease and global glucose metabolism revealed by the metabolic profile alterations of pancreatic tissue and serum in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2019; 40:1259-1268. [PMID: 31089202 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-019-0239-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that there is a correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Increased Aβ polypeptide production in AD patients would promote metabolic abnormalities, insulin signaling dysfunction and perturbations in glucose utilization, thus leading to the onset of T2D. However, the metabolic mechanisms underlying the interplay between AD and its diabetes-promoting effects are not fully elucidated. Particularly, systematic metabolomics analysis has not been performed for the pancreas tissues of AD subjects, which play key roles in the glucose metabolism of living systems. In the current study, we characterized the dynamic metabolic profile alterations of the serum and the pancreas of APP/PS1 double-transgenic mice (an AD mouse model) using the untargeted metabolomics approaches. Serum and pancreatic tissues of APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wild-type mice were extracted and subjected to NMR analysis to evaluate the functional state of pancreas in the progress of AD. Multivariate analysis of principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were conducted to define the global and the local (pancreas) metabolic features associated with the possible initiation of T2D in the progress of AD. Our results showed the onset of AD-induced global glucose metabolism disorders in AD mice. Hyperglycemia and its accompanying metabolic disorders including energy metabolism down-regulation and oxidative stress were observed in the serum of AD mice. Meanwhile, global disturbance of branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism was detected, and the change of BCAA (leucine) was positively correlated to the alteration of glucose. Moreover, increased level of glucose and enhanced energy metabolism were observed in the pancreas of AD mice. The results suggest that the diabetes-promoting effects accompanying the progress of AD are achieved by down-regulating the global utilization of glucose and interfering with the metabolic function of pancreas. Since T2D is a risk factor for the pathogenesis of AD, our findings suggest that targeting the glucose metabolism dysfunctions might serve as a supplementary therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kornicka K, Śmieszek A, Szłapka-Kosarzewska J, Irwin Houston JM, Roecken M, Marycz K. Characterization of Apoptosis, Autophagy and Oxidative Stress in Pancreatic Islets Cells and Intestinal Epithelial Cells Isolated from Equine Metabolic Syndrome (EMS) Horses. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3068. [PMID: 30297648 PMCID: PMC6212973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endocrine disorders are becoming an increasing problem in both human and veterinary medicine. In recent years, more and more horses worldwide have been suffering from equine metabolic syndrome (EMS). This metabolic disorder is characterized by pathological obesity, hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance. Although metabolic disorders, including diabetes, have been extensively studied, there are still no data on the molecular effects of EMS in horses. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate apoptosis, oxidative stress, autophagy and microRNA (miR) expression in multipotent intestinal epithelial stem cells (IECs) and pancreatic islets (PIs) isolated post mortem form healthy and EMS diagnosed horses. Our group was the first to describe how EMS affects IEC and PI aging and senescence. First, we evaluated isolation and culture protocol for these cells and subsequently established their metabolic status in vitro. Both IECs and PIs isolated from EMS horses were characterized by increased apoptosis and senescence. Moreover, they accumulated elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we have observed that autophagy/mitophagy may be a protective mechanism which allows those cells to maintain their physiological function, clear protein aggregates and remove damaged organelles. Furthermore, it may play a crucial role in reducing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. This protective mechanism may help to overcome the harmful effects of ROS and provide building blocks for protein and ATP synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Kornicka
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Śmieszek
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jolanta Szłapka-Kosarzewska
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Jennifer M Irwin Houston
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
- PferdePraxis Dr. Med. Vet. Daniel Weiss, Postmatte 14, CH-8807 Freienbach, Switzerland.
| | - Michael Roecken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, The Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic-Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chen C, Cohrs CM, Stertmann J, Bozsak R, Speier S. Human beta cell mass and function in diabetes: Recent advances in knowledge and technologies to understand disease pathogenesis. Mol Metab 2017; 6:943-957. [PMID: 28951820 PMCID: PMC5605733 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plasma insulin levels are predominantly the product of the morphological mass of insulin producing beta cells in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and the functional status of each of these beta cells. Thus, deficiency in either beta cell mass or function, or both, can lead to insufficient levels of insulin, resulting in hyperglycemia and diabetes. Nonetheless, the precise contribution of beta cell mass and function to the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the past, this was largely due to the restricted number of technologies suitable for studying the scarcely accessible human beta cells. However, in recent years, a number of new platforms have been established to expand the available techniques and to facilitate deeper insight into the role of human beta cell mass and function as cause for diabetes and as potential treatment targets. SCOPE OF REVIEW This review discusses the current knowledge about contribution of human beta cell mass and function to different stages of type 1 and type 2 diabetes pathogenesis. Furthermore, it highlights standard and newly developed technological platforms for the study of human beta cell biology, which can be used to increase our understanding of beta cell mass and function in human glucose homeostasis. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS In contrast to early disease models, recent studies suggest that in type 1 and type 2 diabetes impairment of beta cell function is an early feature of disease pathogenesis while a substantial decrease in beta cell mass occurs more closely to clinical manifestation. This suggests that, in addition to beta cell mass replacement for late stage therapies, the development of novel strategies for protection and recovery of beta cell function could be most promising for successful diabetes treatment and prevention. The use of today's developing and wide range of technologies and platforms for the study of human beta cells will allow for a more detailed investigation of the underlying mechanisms and will facilitate development of treatment approaches to specifically target human beta cell mass and function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunguang Chen
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christian M. Cohrs
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Stertmann
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Robert Bozsak
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Speier
- Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden (PLID) of Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München-Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), München-Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
El-Far YM, Zakaria MM, Gabr MM, El Gayar AM, Eissa LA, El-Sherbiny IM. Nanoformulated natural therapeutics for management of streptozotocin-induced diabetes: potential use of curcumin nanoformulation. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The goal of this study was to improve curcumin (CUR) aqueous solubility and bioavailability via nanoformulation, and then study its activity and mechanism of action as an antidiabetic agent. Methods: CUR-loaded pluronic nanomicelles (CURnp) were prepared and characterized. Biochemical assessments were performed as well as histological, confocal and RTPCR studies on pancreatic target tissues. Results: CURnp with a diameter of 333 ± 6 nm and ζ potential of -26.1 mv were obtained. Antidiabetic action of CURnp was attributed to significant upregulation of Pdx-1 and NKx6.1 gene expression and achievement of optimum redox balance, which led to alleviation of streptozotocin-induced β-cell damage via a significant upregulation in insulin gene expression proved by RTPCR studies and by the presence of 40% insulin positive cells through confocal microscope studies on pancreatic tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousra M El-Far
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | | | | | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science & Technology, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 6th October City, 12588 Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tang W, Yuan Q, Xu B, Osei K, Wang J. Exenatide substantially improves proinsulin conversion and cell survival that augment Ins2 +/Akita beta cell function. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 439:297-307. [PMID: 27658750 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 09/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proinsulin folding imperfections cause extensive beta-cell defects known in diabetes. Here, we investigated whether exenatide can alleviate such defects in proinsulin conversion, beta-cell survival, and insulin secretion, in the Ins2+/Akita beta-cells that have a spontaneous mutation (Cys 96 Tyr) in the insulin 2 gene caused dominant negative misfolding problem. 15 or 120 min exenatide administration substantially improves glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, marked in the secreted insulin levels and proinsulin/insulin ratio. This improvement is mainly due to enhanced conversion of proinsulin to insulin, having nothing to do with the prohormone convertase PC1/3 and PC2 levels. The 15 min improvement is calcium-independent. The 120 min improvement is linked to calcium and/or cAMP dependent mechanisms. This efficacy is validated during longer treatment and in Akita islets. Exenatide improves Ins2+/Akita beta-cell survival and Akita mouse's glucose tolerance. The results suggest a potential of incretin mimetics in alleviating defective proinsulin conversion and other proinsulin misfolding consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tang
- Department of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Geriatric Institute Islet Cell Senescence and Function Research Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Official Hospital, 65 Jiangsu Road, Nanjing 210024, China.
| | - Qingxin Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
| | - Bo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Kwame Osei
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jie Wang
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Division of Endocrinology, Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210028, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim JW, Park SY, You YH, Ham DS, Lee SH, Yang HK, Jeong IK, Ko SH, Yoon KH. Suppression of ROS Production by Exendin-4 in PSC Attenuates the High Glucose-Induced Islet Fibrosis. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163187. [PMID: 27977690 PMCID: PMC5157943 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a major role to fibrotic islet destruction observed in diabetic patients and animal model of diabetes. Exendin-4 (Ex-4) is a potent insulinotropic agent and has been approved for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. However, there have been no reports demonstrating the effects of Ex-4 on pancreatic islet fibrosis. In this study, Ex-4 treatment clearly attenuated fibrotic islet destruction and improved glucose tolerance and islet survival. GLP-1 receptor expression was upregulated during activation and proliferation of PSCs by hyperglycemia. The activation of PKA pathway by Ex-4 plays a role in ROS production and angiotensin II (Ang II) production. Exposure to high glucose stimulated ERK activation and Ang II-TGF- β1 production in PSCs. Interestingly, Ex-4 significantly reduced Ang II and TGF-β1 production by inhibition of ROS production but not ERK phosphorylation. Ex-4 may be useful not only as an anti-diabetic agent but also as an anti-fibrotic agent in type 2 diabetes due to its ability to inhibit PSC activation and proliferation and improve islet fibrosis in OLETF rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Won Kim
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Shin-Young Park
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young-Hye You
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Sik Ham
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Lee
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Kyung Yang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - In-Kyung Jeong
- Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Hyun Ko
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Convergent Research Consortium for Immunologic Disease, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
A novel formula Sang-Tong-Jian improves glycometabolism and ameliorates insulin resistance by activating PI3K/AKT pathway in type 2 diabetic KKAy mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:1585-1594. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.10.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
20
|
Nagai Y, Ohta A, Sada Y, Kato H, Tanaka Y. Effect of 24-week treatment with ipragliflozin on proinsulin/C-peptide ratio in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2016; 18:13-17. [DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2016.1261110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Nagai
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Akio Ohta
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yukiyoshi Sada
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Kato
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yasushi Tanaka
- Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kawasaki, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
In spite of modern techniques, the burden for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus will not disappear, and type 1 diabetes will remain a life-threatening disease causing severe complications and increased mortality. We have to learn of ways to stop the destructive process, preserve residual insulin secretion or even improve the disease via β-cell regeneration. This will give a milder disease, a more stable metabolism, simpler treatment and perhaps even cure. Therapies based on single drugs have not shown sufficient efficacy; however, there are several treatments with encouraging efficacy and no apparent, or rather mild, adverse events. As the disease process is heterogeneous, treatments have to be chosen to fit relevant subgroups of patients, and step by step efficacy can possibly be improved by the use of combination therapies. Thus immunosuppressive therapies like anti-CD3 and anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies might be combined with fusion proteins such as etanercept [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α inhibitor] and/or abatacept (CTLA4-Ig) early after onset to stop the destructive process, supported by β-cell protective agents. The effect may be prolonged by using autoantigen therapy [glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) proinsulin], and by adding agents facilitating β-cell regeneration [e.g. glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)] there should be a good chance to make the disease milder, perhaps leading to cure in some patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johnny Ludvigsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, 58185, Linköping, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
El-Far YM, Zakaria MM, Gabr MM, El Gayar AM, El-Sherbiny IM, Eissa LA. A newly developed silymarin nanoformulation as a potential antidiabetic agent in experimental diabetes. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2016; 11:2581-602. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2016-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to develop a new stable nanoformulation of silymarin (SM) with optimum enhanced oral bioavailability and to evaluate its effect as well as mechanism of action as a superior antidiabetic agent over native SM using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Materials and methods: SM-loaded pluronic nanomicelles (SMnp) were prepared and fully characterized. Biochemical parameters were performed as well as histological, confocal and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction studies on pancreatic target tissues. Results & conclusion: SMnp were found to improve significantly the antihyperglycemic, antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic properties as compared with native SM. In addition, SMnp was found to be a more efficient agent over SM in the management of diabetes and its associated complications due to its superior bioavailability in vivo, and the controlled release profile of SM. [Formula: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yousra M El-Far
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | | | | | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center for Materials Science, University of Science & Technology, Zewail City of Science & Technology, 6th October City, 12588 Giza, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, 35516, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Maia-Ceciliano TC, Barreto-Vianna ARC, Barbosa-da-Silva S, Aguila MB, Faria TS, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA. Maternal vitamin D-restricted diet has consequences in the formation of pancreatic islet/insulin-signaling in the adult offspring of mice. Endocrine 2016; 54:60-69. [PMID: 27142413 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-016-0973-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The maternal deficiency of vitamin D can act on organogenesis in mice offspring, being a risk factor for chronic diseases in adulthood. This study investigates the effects of maternal deficiency of vitamin D on structural islet remodeling and insulin-signaling pathway in the offspring. We studied male C57Bl/6 offspring at 3-month old (n = 10/group) from mother fed one of the two diets: control diet (C) or vitamin D-restricted diet (VitD-). After weaning, offspring only fed the control diet ad libitum. In the offspring, we studied insulin production, islet remodeling, and islet protein expression of the insulin-signaling pathway (Western blotting, isolated islet, n = 5/group). VitD- offspring showed greater glycemia (P = 0.012), smaller beta-cell mass (P = 0.014), and hypoinsulinemia (P = 0.024) than C offspring. Comparing VitD- offspring with C offspring, we observed lower protein levels in islet of insulin (P = 0.003), insulin receptor substrate-1 (P = 0.025), phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases (P = 0.045), 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (P = 0.017), protein kinase B (P = 0.028), with reduced expression of pancreas/duodenum homeobox-1 (PDX-1) (P = 0.016), glucose transporter-2 (P = 0.003), and glucokinase (P = 0.045). The maternal vitamin D-restricted diet modifies the development of the pancreas of the offspring, leading to islet remodeling and altered insulin-signaling pathway. The decrease of PDX-1 is probably significant to the changes in the beta-cell mass and insulin secretion in adulthood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais C Maia-Ceciliano
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Andre R C Barreto-Vianna
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Sandra Barbosa-da-Silva
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Marcia B Aguila
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Tatiane S Faria
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Mandarim-de-Lacerda
- Laboratorio de Morfometria, Metabolismo e Doenca Cardiovascular, Centro Biomedico, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade do Estado de Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Av. 28 de Setembro, 87 fds, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20551-030, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is epidemic in most developed and many developing countries. The associated morbidity, mortality and high costs of care, make type 2 diabetes an important global public health challenge and target for prevention. Patients at high risk for type 2 diabetes can be diagnosed by fasting glucose levels or responses to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Such patients are also at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Since obesity and physical inactivity are important risk factors for type 2 diabetes, lifestyle interventions, emphasising modest weight loss and increases in physical activity, should be recommended for most patients with pre-diabetes. Such interventions are safe and effective and also reduce risk factors for CVD. Several oral antidiabetic agents have been shown to be effective at delaying onset of type 2 diabetes. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) reduced incident diabetes by ~60%, whilst metformin, acarbose and orlistat are only about half as effective as the TZDs. Pharmacological interventions may be appropriate for patients at particular risk for developing diabetes, but the benefits of treatment need to be balanced against the safety and tolerability of the intervention. If pharmacological treatment is warranted, metformin should be considered first because of its favourable overall safety, tolerability, efficacy, and cost profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard E Pratley
- Diabetes and Metabolism Translational Medicine Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Vermont College of Medicine,
| | - Glenn Matfin
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Zhou S, Meng X, Wang S, Ren R, Hou W, Huang K, Shi H. A 3-year follow-up study of β-cell function in patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:1097-1102. [PMID: 27446326 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance and reduced β-cell glucose sensitivity are present in patients with type 2 diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the changes in β-cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes during a 3-year follow-up study. A total of 48 patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOD) and 55 patients with late-onset type 2 diabetes (LOD) were enrolled. Weight, height, waist circumference, hip circumference, blood pressure and plasma levels of lipids, glucose, fasting serum C-peptide (CPR0) and serum C-peptide 6 min after glucagon stimulation (CPR6) were measured. In addition, islet β-cell secretory activity was detected. Subjects with EOD had lower Systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), body mass index (BMI), fasting CPR0, CPR6 and greater glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG) compared with subjects with LOD. CPR0, CPR6 and TG were decreased in both EOD and LOD groups 3 years later. The ratio of β-cell function failure was 29.17 and 10.91% in the EOD and LOD groups, respectively, and there was significant difference between the two groups. A positive correlation was identified between the CPR0 and waist-hip ratio, HbA1c in the EOD group. A similar positive correlation was observed between CPR0 and BMI in the LOD group. Collectively, islet β-cell function has declined in patients with EOD, and this change may be more evident when compared with those with LOD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoling Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China; Department of Endocrinology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Meng
- Department of Endocrinology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Shuyan Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Ruizhen Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Weikai Hou
- Department of Endocrinology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Kuixiang Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| | - Hongli Shi
- Department of Endocrinology, Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Tomita T. Apoptosis in pancreatic β-islet cells in Type 2 diabetes. Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2016; 16:162-79. [PMID: 27209071 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2016.919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis plays important roles in the pathophysiology of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The etiology of T2DM is multifactorial, including obesity-associated insulin resistance, defective insulin secretion, and loss of β-cell mass through β-cell apoptosis. β-cell apoptosis is mediated through a milliard of caspase family cascade machinery in T2DM. The glucose-induced insulin secretion is the principle pathophysiology of diabetes and insufficient insulin secretion results in chronic hyperglycemia, diabetes. Recently, hyperglycemia-induced β-cell apoptosis has been extensively studied on the balance of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 proteins (Bad, Bid, Bik, and Bax) and anti-apoptotic Bcl family (Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL) toward apoptosis in vitro isolated islets and insulinoma cell culture. Apoptosis can only occur when the concentration of pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 exceeds that of anti-apoptotic proteins at the mitochondrial membrane of the intrinsic pathway. A bulk of recent research on hyperglycemia-induced apoptosis on β-cells unveiled complex details on glucose toxicity on β-cells in molecular levels coupled with cell membrane potential by adenosine triphosphate generation through K+ channel closure, opening Ca2+ channel and plasma membrane depolarization. Furthermore, animal models using knockout mice will shed light on the basic understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetes as a glucose metabolic disease complex, on the balance of anti-apoptotic Bcl family and pro-apoptotic genes. The cumulative knowledge will provide a better understanding of glucose metabolism at a molecular level and will lead to eventual prevention and therapeutic application for T2DM with improving medications.
Collapse
|
27
|
Cavelti-Weder C, Li W, Zumsteg A, Stemann-Andersen M, Zhang Y, Yamada T, Wang M, Lu J, Jermendy A, Bee YM, Bonner-Weir S, Weir GC, Zhou Q. Hyperglycaemia attenuates in vivo reprogramming of pancreatic exocrine cells to beta cells in mice. Diabetologia 2016; 59:522-32. [PMID: 26693711 PMCID: PMC4744133 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3838-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Reprogramming of pancreatic exocrine to insulin-producing cells by viral delivery of the genes encoding transcription factors neurogenin-3 (Ngn3), pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1 (Pdx1) and MafA is an efficient method for reversing diabetes in murine models. The variables that modulate reprogramming success are currently ill-defined. METHODS Here, we assess the impact of glycaemia on in vivo reprogramming in a mouse model of streptozotocin-induced beta cell ablation, using subsequent islet transplantation or insulin pellet implantation for creation of groups with differing levels of glycaemia before viral delivery of transcription factors. RESULTS We observed that hyperglycaemia significantly impaired reprogramming of exocrine to insulin-producing cells in their quantity, differentiation status and function. With hyperglycaemia, the reprogramming of acinar towards beta cells was less complete. Moreover, inflammatory tissue changes within the exocrine pancreas including macrophage accumulation were found, which may represent the tissue's response to clear the pancreas from insufficiently reprogrammed cells. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings shed light on normoglycaemia as a prerequisite for optimal reprogramming success in a diabetes model, which might be important in other tissue engineering approaches and disease models, potentially facilitating their translational applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Cavelti-Weder
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weida Li
- Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Life Sciences and Technology, Shanghai, The People's Republic of China
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Adrian Zumsteg
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Marianne Stemann-Andersen
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuemei Zhang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Takatsugu Yamada
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Max Wang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Jiaqi Lu
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA
| | - Agnes Jermendy
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yong Mong Bee
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Susan Bonner-Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gordon C Weir
- Section on Islet Cell and Regenerative Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Qiao Zhou
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Sherman Fairchild 258C, 7 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Antidiabetic effect of polysaccharides from Pleurotus ostreatus in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 83:126-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
29
|
Zheng S, Zhao M, Wu Y, Wang Z, Ren Y. Suppression of pancreatic beta cell apoptosis by Danzhi Jiangtang capsule contributes to the attenuation of type 1 diabetes in rats. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:31. [PMID: 26819084 PMCID: PMC4729167 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-0993-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Danzhi Jiangtang Capsule (DJC), a Chinese medicinal formula, has been clinically used for treatment of diabetes for many years. Previous studies have demonstrated that DJC was able to improve pancreatic islet function in diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms remained unclear. METHODS Streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 1 diabetic rats were treated with DJC for 6 weeks. Fasting plasma insulin and fasting plasma glucose were determined at the end of experiment. Antioxidant status was evaluated by measuring total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde content in plasma and pancreas. Paraffin sections of pancreas were subjected to H&E staining, TUNEL staining and immunohistochemical examination. Protein levels of Bcl-2, Bax and pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX-1) were measured by western blot analysis. Activities of Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were determined with commercially available kits. RESULTS Supplementation with DJC resulted in a significant amelioration of type 1 diabetes as manifested by reduced blood glucose, increased fasting plasma insulin and improved body weight gains. The atrophy and reduction of pancreatic islets were also alleviated in DJC supplemented groups. DJC markedly reduced pancreatic beta cell apoptosis, with Bax protein down-regulated and Bcl-2 protein up-regulated significantly. The activities of caspase-3 and caspase-9 in pancreas were decreased evidently by DJC treatment. DJC effectively ameliorated oxidative stress in type 1 diabetic rats, with the expression of PDX-1 protein increased markedly. CONCLUSIONS DJC was capable of attenuating STZ induced type 1 diabetes in rats, which might be attributed to the suppression of pancreatic beta cell apoptosis. This study would provide further evidence for clinical use of DJC in the management of diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Mengqiu Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| | - Yuanjie Wu
- Department of Basic Theory of Chinese Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China.
| | - Zheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, China
| | - Younan Ren
- Department of Pharmacology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241002, China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hosokawa M, Katsukawa M, Tanaka H, Fukuda H, Okuno S, Tsuda K, Iritani N. Okara ameliorates glucose tolerance in GK rats. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2016; 58:216-22. [PMID: 27257347 PMCID: PMC4865602 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.15-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Okara, a food by-product from the production of tofu and soy milk, is rich in three beneficial components: insoluble dietary fiber, β-conglycinin, and isoflavones. Although isoflavones and β-conglycinin have recently been shown to improve glucose tolerance, the effects of okara have not yet been elucidated. Therefore, we herein investigated the effects of okara on glucose tolerance in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a representative animal model of Japanese type 2 diabetes. Male GK rats were fed a 10% lard diet with or without 5% dry okara powder for 2 weeks and an oral glucose tolerance test was performed. Rats were then fed each diet for another week and sacrificed. The expression of genes that are the master regulators of glucose metabolism in adipose tissue was subsequently examined. No significant differences were observed in body weight gain or food intake between the two groups of GK rats. In the oral glucose tolerance test, increases in plasma glucose levels were suppressed by the okara diet. The mRNA expression levels of PPARγ, adiponectin, and GLUT4, which up-regulate the effects of insulin, were increased in epididymal adipose tissue by the okara diet. These results suggest that okara provides a useful means for treating type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masaya Hosokawa
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Michiko Katsukawa
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Tanaka
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Hitomi Fukuda
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Sonomi Okuno
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Kinsuke Tsuda
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| | - Nobuko Iritani
- Faculty of Human Sciences, Tezukayama-gakuin University, 4-2-2 Harumidai, Minami-ku, Sakai, Osaka 590-0113, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Park JH, Cho KI, Nam H, Choe NH, Suh JG. Anti-apoptotic effects of silk fibroin hydrolysate in RIN5F cell on high glucose condition. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2015.1042045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
32
|
Oguma T, Nakayama K, Kuriyama C, Matsushita Y, Yoshida K, Hikida K, Obokata N, Tsuda-Tsukimoto M, Saito A, Arakawa K, Ueta K, Shiotani M. Intestinal Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 1 Inhibition Enhances Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Secretion in Normal and Diabetic Rodents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2015; 354:279-89. [PMID: 26105952 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.115.225508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The sodium glucose cotransporter (SGLT) 1 plays a major role in glucose absorption and incretin hormone release in the gastrointestinal tract; however, the impact of SGLT1 inhibition on plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels in vivo is controversial. We analyzed the effects of SGLT1 inhibitors on GLP-1 secretion in normoglycemic and hyperglycemic rodents using phloridzin, CGMI [3-(4-cyclopropylphenylmethyl)-1-(β-d-glucopyranosyl)-4-methylindole], and canagliflozin. These compounds are SGLT2 inhibitors with moderate SGLT1 inhibitory activity, and their IC50 values against rat SGLT1 and mouse SGLT1 were 609 and 760 nM for phloridzin, 39.4 and 41.5 nM for CGMI, and 555 and 613 nM for canagliflozin, respectively. Oral administration of these inhibitors markedly enhanced and prolonged the glucose-induced plasma active GLP-1 (aGLP-1) increase in combination treatment with sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibitor, in normoglycemic mice and rats. CGMI, the most potent SGLT1 inhibitor among them, enhanced glucose-induced, but not fat-induced, plasma aGLP-1 increase at a lower dose compared with canagliflozin. Both CGMI and canagliflozin delayed intestinal glucose absorption after oral administration in normoglycemic rats. The combined treatment of canagliflozin and a DPP4 inhibitor increased plasma aGLP-1 levels and improved glucose tolerance compared with single treatment in both 8- and 13-week-old Zucker diabetic fatty rats. These results suggest that transient inhibition of intestinal SGLT1 promotes GLP-1 secretion by delaying glucose absorption and that concomitant inhibition of intestinal SGLT1 and DPP4 is a novel therapeutic option for glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Oguma
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kuriyama
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuaki Matsushita
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshida
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kumiko Hikida
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Obokata
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | | | - Akira Saito
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kenji Arakawa
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kiichiro Ueta
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masaharu Shiotani
- Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Toda-shi, Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Vangipurapu J, Stančáková A, Kuulasmaa T, Kuusisto J, Laakso M. Both fasting and glucose-stimulated proinsulin levels predict hyperglycemia and incident type 2 diabetes: a population-based study of 9,396 Finnish men. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124028. [PMID: 25853252 PMCID: PMC4390238 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hyperproinsulinemia is an indicator of β-cell dysfunction, and fasting proinsulin levels are elevated in patients with hyperglycemia. It is not known whether proinsulin levels after a glucose load are better predictors of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes than fasting proinsulin. Methods Participants were 9,396 Finnish men (mean±SD, age 57.3±7.1 years, BMI 27.0±4.0 kg/m2) of the population-based METabolic Syndrome In Men Study who were non-diabetic at the recruitment, and who participated in a 6-year follow-up study. Proinsulin and insulin levels were measured in the fasting state and 30 and 120 min after an oral glucose load. Area under the curve (AUC) and proinsulin to insulin ratios were calculated. Results Fasting proinsulin, proinsulin at 30 min and proinsulin AUC during the first 30 min of an oral glucose tolerance test significantly predicted both the worsening of hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes after adjustment for confounding factors. Further adjustment for insulin sensitivity (Matsuda index) or insulin secretion (Disposition index) weakened these associations. Insulin sensitivity had a major impact on these associations. Conclusion Our results suggest that proinsulin in the fasting state and after an oral glucose load similarly predict the worsening of hyperglycemia and conversion to type 2 diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jagadish Vangipurapu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Alena Stančáková
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Teemu Kuulasmaa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Johanna Kuusisto
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Markku Laakso
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Yao XG, Xu X, Wang GH, Lei M, Quan LL, Cheng YH, Wan P, Zhou JP, Chen J, Hu LH, Shen X. BBT improves glucose homeostasis by ameliorating β-cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetic mice. J Endocrinol 2015; 224:327-41. [PMID: 25572265 DOI: 10.1530/joe-14-0721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Impaired glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and increasing β-cell death are two typical dysfunctions of pancreatic β-cells in individuals that are destined to develop type 2 diabetes, and improvement of β-cell function through GSIS enhancement and/or inhibition of β-cell death is a promising strategy for anti-diabetic therapy. In this study, we discovered that the small molecule, N-(2-benzoylphenyl)-5-bromo-2-thiophenecarboxamide (BBT), was effective in both potentiating GSIS and protecting β-cells from cytokine- or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced cell death. Results of further studies revealed that cAMP/PKA and long-lasting (L-type) voltage-dependent Ca(2) (+) channel/CaMK2 pathways were involved in the action of BBT against GSIS, and that the cAMP/PKA pathway was essential for the protective action of BBT on β-cells. An assay using the model of type 2 diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet combined with STZ (STZ/HFD) demonstrated that BBT administration efficiently restored β-cell functions as indicated by the increased plasma insulin level and decrease in the β-cell loss induced by STZ/HFD. Moreover, the results indicated that BBT treatment decreased fasting blood glucose and HbA1c and improved oral glucose tolerance further highlighting the potential of BBT in anti-hyperglycemia research.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology
- Diet, High-Fat
- Drug Evaluation, Preclinical
- Glucose/metabolism
- HEK293 Cells
- Homeostasis/drug effects
- Humans
- Hypoglycemic Agents/pharmacology
- Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/drug effects
- Insulin-Secreting Cells/physiology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Streptozocin
- Thiophenes/pharmacology
- Thiophenes/therapeutic use
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-gang Yao
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gai-hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Min Lei
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ling-ling Quan
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yan-hua Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jin-pei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Li-hong Hu
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xu Shen
- Key Laboratory of Receptor ResearchShanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental SciencesShanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, ChinaDepartment of PharmacologyChina Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Katsuta H, Ozawa S, Suzuki K, Takahashi K, Tanaka T, Sumitani Y, Nishida S, Kondo T, Hosaka T, Inukai K, Ishida H. The association between impaired proinsulin processing and type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-obese Japanese individuals. Endocr J 2015; 62:485-92. [PMID: 25892189 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to examine the association between impaired proinsulin processing in pancreatic beta cells and type 2 diabetes mellitus in non-obese Japanese patients. Participants were divided into groups for normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes, and type 2 diabetes based on the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Activities of prohormone convertase (PC) 1/3 and PC2 in fasting states were estimated. Multiple regression analysis was undertaken to ascertain if alteration of the activities of these enzymes contributes to the development of impaired glucose tolerance by comparison with HOMA-β and the oral disposition index (DI(O)). Overall, 452 subjects were included. PC1/3 activity tended to decrease in type 2 diabetes compared with normal glucose tolerance. PC2 activity showed no difference among the three groups. Decreased estimated PC1/3 activity was significantly associated with type 2 diabetes after adjustment for sex, age, creatinine, triglycerides, HOMA-β and DI(O). Odds ratios (95% CI) of PC1/3, HOMA-β, and DI(O) were 2.16 (1.12-4.19), 3.44 (1.82-6.52) and 14.60 (7.87-27.11), respectively. Furthermore, decreased PC1/3(≤1.7) combined with decreased HOMA-β (≤30) had a sensitivity of 73% and specificity of 62%. Decreased PC1/3 activity may be a useful measurement of beta-cell function alongside decreased HOMA-β or DI(O). A combined decrease in estimated fasting PC1/3 activity and HOMA-β measurement led to suspicion of type 2 diabetes in the non-obese Japanese population studied.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Katsuta
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Takahara M, Shiraiwa T, Matsuoka TA, Katakami N, Shimomura I. Ameliorated pancreatic β cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients treated with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor ipragliflozin. Endocr J 2015; 62:77-86. [PMID: 25328035 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains to be seen whether pancreatic β cell dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients can be ameliorated just by correcting hyperglycemia. The current pilot study investigated β cell function after a four-week treatment with a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Ten participants (age, 51±13 years; hemoglobin A1c levels, 9.4±1.0%) took 50 mg of ipragliflozin L-proline for four weeks and thereafter discontinued the agent for one week. A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed at 0 (baseline), 4 (end of medication), and 5 weeks (end of washout). The β cell function was evaluated using the disposition index, which was calculated as the product of the ΔIns₀₋₁₂₀/ΔGlu₀₋₁₂₀ and the Matsuda index, where ΔIns₀₋₁₂₀/ΔGlu₀₋₁₂₀ represents the ratio of the incremental concentrations of insulin to those of glucose during the 0- to 120-min time period of the OGTT. The fasting glucose level was 182±34 mg/dL at 0 week, 137±20 mg/dL at 4 weeks (p<0.001), and 154±31 mg/dL at 5 weeks (p=0.001). Compared to baseline, the disposition index was significantly elevated not only at 4 weeks (p<0.001) but also at 5 weeks (p=0.008). In conclusion, the current pilot study showed that the β cell function assessed by the OGTT-derived disposition index was significantly improved after a four-week treatment with ipragliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuyoshi Takahara
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tucker LA, Erickson A, LeCheminant JD, Bailey BW. Dairy consumption and insulin resistance: the role of body fat, physical activity, and energy intake. J Diabetes Res 2015; 2015:206959. [PMID: 25710041 PMCID: PMC4325471 DOI: 10.1155/2015/206959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Revised: 12/26/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between dairy consumption and insulin resistance was ascertained in 272 middle-aged, nondiabetic women using a cross-sectional design. Participants kept 7-day, weighed food records to report their diets, including dairy intake. Insulin resistance was assessed using the homeostatic model assessment (HOMA). The Bod Pod was used to measure body fat percentage, and accelerometry for 7 days was used to objectively index physical activity. Regression analysis was used to determine the extent to which mean HOMA levels differed across low, moderate, and high dairy intake categories. Results showed that women in the highest quartile of dairy consumption had significantly greater log-transformed HOMA values (0.41 ± 0.53) than those in the middle-two quartiles (0.22 ± 0.55) or the lowest quartile (0.19 ± 0.58) (F = 6.90, P = 0.0091). The association remained significant after controlling for each potential confounder individually and all covariates simultaneously. Adjusting for differences in energy intake weakened the relationship most, but the association remained significant. Of the 11 potential confounders, only protein intake differed significantly across the dairy categories, with those consuming high dairy also consuming more total protein than their counterparts. Apparently, high dairy intake is a significant predictor of insulin resistance in middle-aged, nondiabetic women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larry A. Tucker
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- *Larry A. Tucker:
| | - Andrea Erickson
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | | | - Bruce W. Bailey
- College of Life Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Kandasamy N, Ashokkumar N. Protective effect of bioflavonoid myricetin enhances carbohydrate metabolic enzymes and insulin signaling molecules in streptozotocin–cadmium induced diabetic nephrotoxic rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 279:173-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Revised: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/28/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
|
39
|
Hlavaty KA, Gibly RF, Zhang X, Rives CB, Graham JG, Lowe WL, Luo X, Shea LD. Enhancing human islet transplantation by localized release of trophic factors from PLG scaffolds. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:1523-32. [PMID: 24909237 PMCID: PMC4232190 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Islet transplantation represents a potential cure for type 1 diabetes, yet the clinical approach of intrahepatic delivery is limited by the microenvironment. Microporous scaffolds enable extrahepatic transplantation, and the microenvironment can be designed to enhance islet engraftment and function. We investigated localized trophic factor delivery in a xenogeneic human islet to mouse model of islet transplantation. Double emulsion microspheres containing exendin-4 (Ex4) or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were incorporated into a layered scaffold design consisting of porous outer layers for islet transplantation and a center layer for sustained factor release. Protein encapsulation and release were dependent on both the polymer concentration and the identity of the protein. Proteins retained bioactivity upon release from scaffolds in vitro. A minimal human islet mass transplanted on Ex4-releasing scaffolds demonstrated significant improvement and prolongation of graft function relative to blank scaffolds carrying no protein, and the release profile significantly impacted the duration over which the graft functioned. Ex4-releasing scaffolds enabled better glycemic control in animals subjected to an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Scaffolds releasing IGF-1 lowered blood glucose levels, yet the reduction was insufficient to achieve euglycemia. Ex4-delivering scaffolds provide an extrahepatic transplantation site for modulating the islet microenvironment to enhance islet function posttransplant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K. A. Hlavaty
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - R. F. Gibly
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Integrated Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - X. Zhang
- Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - C. B. Rives
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
| | - J. G. Graham
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Integrated Graduate Program, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| | - W. L. Lowe
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - X. Luo
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - L. D. Shea
- The Institute for BioNanotechnology in Medicine (IBNAM), Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Wright JR, Xu BY. That which does not kill us makes us stronger--does Nietzsche's quote apply to islets? A re-evaluation of the passenger leukocyte theory, free radicals, and glucose toxicity in islet cell transplantation. Med Hypotheses 2014; 83:92-8. [PMID: 24767938 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2014.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 03/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In clinical islet transplantation, isolated islets are embolized into the liver via the portal vein (PV); however, up to 70% of the islets are lost in the first few days after transplantation (i.e., too quickly to be mediated by the adaptive immune system). Part of early loss is due to instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction, an immune/thrombotic process caused by islets interacting with complement. We have shown that glucose toxicity (GT) also plays a critical role based upon the observation that islets embolized into the PVs of diabetic athymic mice are rapidly lost but, if recipients are not diabetic, the islet grafts persist. Using donor islets resistant to the β-cell toxin streptozotocin, we have shown that intraportal islets engrafted in non-diabetic athymic mice for as little as 3 days will maintain normoglycemia when streptozotocin is administered destroying the recipient's native pancreas β-cells. What is the mechanism of GT in β-cells? Chronic exposure to hyperglycemia over-exerts β-cells and their electron transport chains leak superoxide radicals during aerobic metabolism. Here we reinterpret old data and present some compelling new data supporting a new model of early intraportal islet graft loss. We hypothesize that diabetes stimulates overproduction of superoxide in both the β-cells of the islet grafts and the endothelial cells lining the intraportal microvasculature adjacent to where the embolized islets become lodged. This double dose of oxidant damage stresses both the islets, which are highly susceptible to free radicals because of inherent low levels of scavenging enzymes, and the adjacent hepatic endothelial cells. This, superimposed upon localized endothelial damage caused by embolization, precipitates inflammation and coagulation which further damages islet grafts. Based upon this model, we predict that pre-exposing islets to sub-lethal hyperoxia should up-regulate islet free radical scavenging enzyme levels and promote initial engraftment; reinterpretation of 30 years old "passenger leukocyte" data and preliminary new data support this. Other data suggests that pre-exposure of recipients to hyperoxia could up-regulate antioxidant enzymes in the hepatic endothelium. The combination of both effects could markedly enhance early intraportal islet graft survival and engraftment. Finally, if our model is correct, current in vitro and in vivo tests used to test batches of harvested islets for viability and function prior to transplantation are poorly conceived (n.b., it is already well-known that results using these tests often do not predict clinical islet transplantation success) and a different testing paradigm is suggested.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J R Wright
- University of Calgary, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| | - B-Y Xu
- University of Calgary, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Calgary Laboratory Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several studies have revealed that posttransplant insulin treatment is beneficial to rest the islet grafts. However, insulin infusion per se is not enough to completely suppress the heavy workload arising caused by postprandial hyperglycemia. Therefore, the present study examined whether short-term fasting combined with insulin treatment could effectively prevent graft exhaustion after intraportal islet transplantation. METHODS A marginal dose of syngeneic rat islet grafts were transplanted intraportally into the control, insulin-treated, and insulin+rest groups of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The control group fed freely without insulin treatment, and the other groups were continuously treated with an optimal amount of insulin to maintain normoglycemia. In addition, the insulin+rest group fasted and received total parenteral nutrition during the 2 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS The curative rate was significantly higher in both the insulin and insulin+rest groups than the control group (P<0.0001). The glucose tolerance, residual graft mass, and graft function were significantly ameliorated in the insulin+rest group, but not in the insulin group, compared to the control group (P<0.01, P=0.03, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that short-term fasting combined with insulin treatment, especially during the avascular period of the grafts, could therefore be a promising regimen for improving pancreatic islet engraftment in the liver.
Collapse
|
42
|
Ohkura T, Fujioka Y, Izawa S, Sumi K, Yamamoto N, Shiochi H, Matsuzawa K, Kinoshita H, Ohkura H, Kato M, Taniguchi SI, Yamamoto K. Endogenous insulin secretion ability in meal tolerance test correlated with body mass index (BMI) in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients. Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s13410-013-0181-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
|
43
|
Yamamoto Y, Takahara M, Yasuda T, Katakami N, Matsuoka TA, Kaneto H, Shimomura I. Predictive factors for the efficacy of switch to oral hypoglycemic agents in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with intensive insulin therapy temporarily introduced. Endocr J 2014; 61:911-9. [PMID: 25048394 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej14-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Some type 2 diabetic patients can maintain optimal glycemic control by oral hypoglycemic agents (OHA) after their uncontrolled hyperglycemia is corrected by a temporary introduction of insulin therapy. The objective of this study was to investigate the clinical predictors for the efficacy of OHA after intensive insulin therapy was temporarily introduced. We analyzed a retrospective database of 108 Japanese type 2 diabetic patients who underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) after the temporary introduction of intensive insulin therapy, and tried the switch to OHA. The multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that shorter diabetic duration, higher body mass index, and lower 2-h post meal glucose levels were independently associated with the efficacy of OHA (all p < 0.001). The C statistic of the multivariate model was calculated to be 0.86. The addition of 120-min insulinogenic index, calculated from 0-, 30-, 60-, and 120-min data during an OGTT, to the model significantly increased the C statistic to 0.91 (p = 0.025). Interestingly, omitting 30- and 60-min data from the calculation of the index did not reduce the predictive performance. Furthermore, the ratio of 120-min insulin levels to 120-min glucose levels also provided a comparable predictive performance. In conclusion, 0- and 120-min data during an OGTT, or even 120-min data alone, in combination with diabetic duration, body mass index, and 2-h post meal glucose levels were useful in predicting the efficacy of OHA after intensive insulin therapy in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Yamamoto
- Department of Metabolic Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Cheng AS, Cheng YH, Chang TL. Resveratrol protects RINm5F pancreatic cells from methylglyoxal-induced apoptosis. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
45
|
Xu W, Weng J. Current role of short-term intensive insulin strategies in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes 2013; 5:268-74. [PMID: 23551748 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a progressive disease characterized by worsening insulin resistance and a decline in β-cell function. Achieving good glycemic control becomes more challenging as β-cell function continues to deteriorate throughout the disease process. The traditional management paradigm emphasizes a stepwise approach, and insulin has generally been reserved as a final armament. However, mounting evidence indicates that short-term intensive insulin therapy used in the early stages of type 2 diabetes could improve β-cell function, resulting in better glucose control and more extended glycemic remission than oral antidiabetic agents. Improvements in insulin sensitivity and lipid profile were also seen after the early initiation of short-term intensive insulin therapy. Thus, administering short-term intensive insulin therapy to patients with newly diagnosed T2DM has the potential to delay the natural process of this disease, and should be considered when clinicians initiate treatment. Although the early use of insulin is advocated by some guidelines, the optimal time to initiate insulin therapy is not clearly defined or easily recognized, and a pragmatic approach is lacking. Herein we summarize the current understanding of early intensive insulin therapy in patients with newly diagnosed T2DM, focusing on its clinical benefit and problems, as well as possible biological mechanisms of action, and discuss our perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Effects of SGLT2 selective inhibitor ipragliflozin on hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, oxidative stress, inflammation, and obesity in type 2 diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 715:246-55. [PMID: 23707905 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 229] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 05/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is responsible for most glucose reabsorption in the kidney and has been proposed as a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, the therapeutic effects of SGLT2 selective inhibitor ipragliflozin were examined in high-fat diet and streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced type 2 diabetic mice which exhibit impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and obesity. Single administration of ipragliflozin dose-dependently increased urinary glucose excretion, reduced blood glucose and plasma insulin levels, and improved glucose intolerance. Four-week repeated administration of ipragliflozin improved not only glucose tolerance, hyperglycemia, and hyperinsulinemia but also impaired insulin secretion, hyperlipidemia, hepatic steatosis, and obesity with a concomitant increase in urinary glucose excretion. In addition, ipragliflozin reduced plasma and liver levels of oxidative stress biomarkers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and protein carbonyl) and inflammatory markers (interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor α, monocyte chemotactic protein-1, and c-reactive protein), and improved liver injury as assessed by plasma levels of aminotransferases. These results demonstrate that SGLT2 selective inhibitor ipragliflozin improves not only hyperglycemia but also diabetes/obesity-associated metabolic abnormalities in type 2 diabetic mice and suggest that ipragliflozin may be useful in treating type 2 diabetes with metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee BH, Hsu WH, Hsu YW, Pan TM. Dimerumic acid protects pancreas damage and elevates insulin production in methylglyoxal-treated pancreatic RINm5F cells. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2012.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
48
|
Abstract
The International Diabetes Federation estimates that there are currently 336 million people worldwide who have type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the global prevalence of diabetes has more than doubled since 1980. The rapid rise in rates of T2DM echoes a similar rise in rates of obesity, which causes insulin resistance and places an increased insulin secretory demand on pancreatic β cells. While diabetes is diagnosed clinically by elevated plasma glucose levels, loss of β-cell function is progressive over time and β-cell dysfunction is far advanced by the time diabetes is diagnosed. Methods for preserving or restoring β-cell function are important for the prevention and treatment of T2DM. Interventions that reduce body fat or that change fat biology provide the best evidence for slowing or arresting the deterioration of β-cell function that causes T2DM. These interventions should form the basis of interventions to prevent and treat T2DM, particularly early in its course.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen A. Page
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Street; BMT-B11, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Tamar Reisman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ávila DDL, Araújo GRD, Silva M, Miranda PHDA, Diniz MF, Pedrosa ML, Silva ME, Lima WGD, Costa DC. Vildagliptin Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Pancreatic Beta Cell Destruction in Type 1 Diabetic Rats. Arch Med Res 2013; 44:194-202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2013.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
50
|
Chung HK, Cho Y, Shin MJ. Alcohol use behaviors, fat intake and the function of pancreatic β-cells in non-obese, healthy Korean males: findings from 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2013; 62:129-36. [PMID: 23392227 DOI: 10.1159/000345587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 10/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS In the present study, we aimed to identify dietary factors related to insulin secretion function especially in healthy, non-obese Korean males. METHODS Data were obtained from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-1 (KNHANES V-1). Nine hundred and twenty male adults aged >30 years of normal weight were included, excluding those with type 2 diabetes mellitus and liver disease. Alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) score which represents alcohol use behaviors and nutrient intakes was used, and homeostasis model assessment of β-cell function (HOMA-B score) was calculated. RESULTS HOMA-B score was associated with age (p < 0.001), AUDIT score (p = 0.030), and percentage of fat from total energy intake (p = 0.002). HOMA-B scores in the problematic AUDIT group were significantly lower than those in the normal AUDIT group. In addition, HOMA-B scores in the lowest fat intake group were significantly lower than those in the medium fat intake group, but similar to those in the highest fat intake group. There was an interaction between alcohol use behaviors and percentage of fat from energy intake in determining HOMA-B score (p for interaction = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS Alcohol use behaviors and percentage of fat from energy intake were found to be associated with HOMA-B score in healthy, non-obese Korean males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Kyung Chung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | |
Collapse
|