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Kakar N, Rehman FU, Kaur R, Bhavani GS, Goyal M, Shah H, Kaur K, Sodhi KS, Kubisch C, Borck G, Panigrahi I, Girisha KM, Kornak U, Spielmann M. Multi-gene panel sequencing in highly consanguineous families and patients with congenital forms of skeletal dysplasias. Clin Genet 2024; 106:47-55. [PMID: 38378010 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias (SKDs) are a heterogeneous group of more than 750 genetic disorders characterized by abnormal development, growth, and maintenance of bones or cartilage in the human skeleton. SKDs are often caused by variants in early patterning genes and in many cases part of multiple malformation syndromes and occur in combination with non-skeletal phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate the underlying genetic cause of congenital SKDs in highly consanguineous Pakistani families, as well as in sporadic and familial SKD cases from India using multigene panel sequencing analysis. Therefore, we performed panel sequencing of 386 bone-related genes in 7 highly consanguineous families from Pakistan and 27 cases from India affected with SKDs. In the highly consanguineous families, we were able to identify the underlying genetic cause in five out of seven families, resulting in a diagnostic yield of 71%. Whereas, in the sporadic and familial SKD cases, we identified 12 causative variants, corresponding to a diagnostic yield of 44%. The genetic heterogeneity in our cohorts was very high and we were able to detect various types of variants, including missense, nonsense, and frameshift variants, across multiple genes known to cause different types of SKDs. In conclusion, panel sequencing proved to be a highly effective way to decipher the genetic basis of SKDs in highly consanguineous families as well as sporadic and or familial cases from South Asia. Furthermore, our findings expand the allelic spectrum of skeletal dysplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naseebullah Kakar
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and University of Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Fazal Ur Rehman
- Department of Pathology, Bolan Medical College, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Gandham SriLakshmi Bhavani
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Manisha Goyal
- Pediatrics Genetic & Research Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Hitesh Shah
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Karandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatrics, APC, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Christian Kubisch
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guntram Borck
- Institute of Human Genetics, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Katta Mohan Girisha
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Uwe Kornak
- Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Malte Spielmann
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, University of Lübeck and University of Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
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2
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José Alcaraz M. Control of articular degeneration by extracellular vesicles from stem/stromal cells as a potential strategy for the treatment of osteoarthritis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024:116226. [PMID: 38663683 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint condition that contributes to years lived with disability. Current therapeutic approaches are limited as there are no disease-modifying interventions able to delay or inhibit the progression of disease. In recent years there has been an increasing interest in the immunomodulatory and regenerative properties of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) to develop new OA therapies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) mediate many of the biological effects of these cells and may represent an alternative avoiding the limitations of cell-based therapy. There is also a growing interest in EV modifications to enhance their efficacy and applications. Recent preclinical studies have provided strong evidence supporting the potential of MSC EVs for the development of OA treatments. Thus, MSC EVs may regulate chondrocyte functions to avoid cartilage destruction, inhibit abnormal subchondral bone metabolism and synovial tissue alterations, and control pain behavior. EV actions may be mediated by the transfer of their cargo to target cells, with an important role for proteins and non-coding RNAs modulating signaling pathways relevant for OA progression. Nevertheless, additional investigations are needed concerning EV optimization, and standardization of preparation procedures. More research is also required for a better knowledge of possible effects on different OA phenotypes, pharmacokinetics, mechanism of action, long-term effects and safety profile. Furthermore, MSC EVs have a high potential as vehicles for drug delivery or as adjuvant therapy to potentiate or complement the effects of other approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Alcaraz
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent A. Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjasot, Valencia, Spain.
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3
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Rapp AE, Zaucke F. Cartilage extracellular matrix-derived matrikines in osteoarthritis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2023; 324:C377-C394. [PMID: 36571440 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00464.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is among the most frequent diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Degradation of cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) is a hallmark of OA. During the degradation process, intact/full-length proteins and proteolytic fragments are released which then might induce different downstream responses via diverse receptors, therefore leading to different biological consequences. Collagen type II and the proteoglycan aggrecan are the most abundant components of the cartilage ECM. However, over the last decades, a large number of minor components have been identified and for some of those, a role in the manifold processes associated with OA has already been demonstrated. To date, there is still no therapy able to halt or cure OA. A better understanding of the matrikine landscape occurring with or even preceding obvious degenerative changes in joint tissues is needed and might help to identify molecules that could serve as biomarkers, druggable targets, or even be blueprints for disease modifying drug OA drugs. For this narrative review, we screened PubMed for relevant literature in the English language and summarized the current knowledge regarding the function of selected ECM molecules and the derived matrikines in the context of cartilage and OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna E Rapp
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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4
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Rios JL, Sapède D, Djouad F, Rapp AE, Lang A, Larkin J, Ladel C, Mobasheri A. Animal Models of Osteoarthritis Part 1-Preclinical Small Animal Models: Challenges and Opportunities for Drug Development. Curr Protoc 2022; 2:e596. [PMID: 36342311 DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a major source of pain and disability in the adult population. There is a significant unmet medical need for the development of effective pharmacological therapies for the treatment of OA. In addition to spontaneously occurring animal models of OA, many experimental animal models have been developed to provide insights into mechanisms of pathogenesis and progression. Many of these animal models are also being used in the drug development pipeline. Here, we provide an overview of commonly used and emerging preclinical small animal models of OA and highlight the strengths and limitations of small animal models in the context of translational drug development. There is limited information in the published literature regarding the technical reliability of these small animal models and their ability to accurately predict clinical drug development outcomes. The cost and complexity of the available models however is an important consideration for pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology startups, and contract research organizations wishing to incorporate preclinical models in target validation, discovery, and development pipelines. Further considerations relevant to industry include timelines, methods of induction, the key issue of reproducibility, and appropriate outcome measures needed to objectively assess outcomes of experimental therapeutics. Preclinical small animal models are indispensable tools that will shine some light on the pathogenesis of OA and its molecular endotypes in the context of drug development. This paper will focus on small animal models used in preclinical OA research. © 2022 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Lourdes Rios
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Percuros BV, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Dora Sapède
- IRMB, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Farida Djouad
- IRMB, Université de Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Anna E Rapp
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Department of Orthopaedics (Friedrichsheim), University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Annemarie Lang
- McKay Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Departments of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Liege, Belgium
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5
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Xu L, Li Y. A Molecular Cascade Underlying Articular Cartilage Degeneration. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 21:838-848. [PMID: 32056522 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200214121323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Preserving of articular cartilage is an effective way to protect synovial joints from becoming osteoarthritic (OA) joints. Understanding of the molecular basis of articular cartilage degeneration will provide valuable information in the effort to develop cartilage preserving drugs. There are currently no disease-modifying OA drugs (DMOADs) available to prevent articular cartilage destruction during the development of OA. Current drug treatments for OA focus on the reduction of joint pain, swelling, and inflammation at advanced stages of the disease. However, based on discoveries from several independent research laboratories and our laboratory in the past 15 to 20 years, we believe that we have a functional molecular understanding of articular cartilage degeneration. In this review article, we present and discuss experimental evidence to demonstrate a sequential chain of the molecular events underlying articular cartilage degeneration, which consists of transforming growth factor beta 1, high-temperature requirement A1 (a serine protease), discoidin domain receptor 2 (a cell surface receptor tyrosine kinase for native fibrillar collagens), and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (an extracellularmatrix degrading enzyme). If, as we strongly suspect, this molecular pathway is responsible for the initiation and acceleration of articular cartilage degeneration, which eventually leads to progressive joint failure, then these molecules may be ideal therapeutic targets for the development of DMOADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Ave. Boston, MA 02115 & Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School 25 Shattuck St. Boston, MA 02115, United States
| | - Yefu Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Ave. Boston, MA 02115 & Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School 25 Shattuck St. Boston, MA 02115, United States
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6
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Pretemer Y, Kawai S, Nagata S, Nishio M, Watanabe M, Tamaki S, Alev C, Yamanaka Y, Xue JY, Wang Z, Fukiage K, Tsukanaka M, Futami T, Ikegawa S, Toguchida J. Differentiation of Hypertrophic Chondrocytes from Human iPSCs for the In Vitro Modeling of Chondrodysplasias. Stem Cell Reports 2021; 16:610-625. [PMID: 33636111 PMCID: PMC7940258 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrodysplasias are hereditary diseases caused by mutations in the components of growth cartilage. Although the unfolded protein response (UPR) has been identified as a key disease mechanism in mouse models, no suitable in vitro system has been reported to analyze the pathology in humans. Here, we developed a three-dimensional culture protocol to differentiate hypertrophic chondrocytes from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and examine the phenotype caused by MATN3 and COL10A1 mutations. Intracellular MATN3 or COL10 retention resulted in increased ER stress markers and ER size in most mutants, but activation of the UPR was dependent on the mutation. Transcriptome analysis confirmed a UPR with wide-ranging changes in bone homeostasis, extracellular matrix composition, and lipid metabolism in the MATN3 T120M mutant, which further showed altered cellular morphology in iPSC-derived growth-plate-like structures in vivo. We then applied our in vitro model to drug testing, whereby trimethylamine N-oxide led to a reduction of ER stress and intracellular MATN3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yann Pretemer
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kawai
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sanae Nagata
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Megumi Nishio
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Watanabe
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Life Science Research Center, Technology Research Laboratory, Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sakura Tamaki
- Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Cantas Alev
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Yamanaka
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jing-Yi Xue
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Zheng Wang
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan; McKusick-Zhang Center for Genetic Medicine and State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Kenichi Fukiage
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Bobath Memorial Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masako Tsukanaka
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Tohru Futami
- Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, Shiga Medical Center for Children, Moriyama, Japan
| | - Shiro Ikegawa
- Laboratory for Bone and Joint Diseases, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junya Toguchida
- Department of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Center for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan; Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Sciences, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
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7
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Seifer P, Hay E, Fleischhauer L, Heilig J, Bloch W, Sonntag S, Shmerling D, Clausen-Schaumann H, Aszodi A, Niehoff A, Cohen-Solal M, Paulsson M, Wagener R, Zaucke F. The Matrilin-3 T298M mutation predisposes for post-traumatic osteoarthritis in a knock-in mouse model. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:78-88. [PMID: 33227438 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The human matrilin-3 T303M (in mouse T298M) mutation has been proposed to predispose for osteoarthritis, but due to the lack of an appropriate animal model this hypothesis could not be tested. This study was carried out to identify pathogenic mechanisms in a transgenic mouse line by which the mutation might contribute to disease development. METHODS A mouse line carrying the T298M point mutation in the Matn3 locus was generated and features of skeletal development in ageing animals were characterized by immunohistology, micro computed tomography, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The effect of transgenic matrilin-3 was also studied after surgically induced osteoarthritis. RESULTS The matrilin-3 T298M mutation influences endochondral ossification and leads to larger cartilage collagen fibril diameters. This in turn leads to an increased compressive stiffness of the articular cartilage, which, upon challenge, aggravates osteoarthritis development. CONCLUSIONS The mouse matrilin-3 T298M mutation causes a predisposition for post-traumatic osteoarthritis and the corresponding knock-in mouse line therefore represents a valid model for investigating the pathogenic mechanisms involved in osteoarthritis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Seifer
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - E Hay
- Inserm UMR1132 and Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - L Fleischhauer
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany; Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - J Heilig
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - W Bloch
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Sports Medicine, Institute of Cardiology and Sports Medicine, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - S Sonntag
- ETH Phenomics Center (EPIC), Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - H Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany
| | - A Aszodi
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, Munich, Germany; Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - A Niehoff
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M Cohen-Solal
- Inserm UMR1132 and Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - M Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - R Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - F Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim GGmbH, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany.
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8
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Muttigi MS, Kim BJ, Choi B, Han I, Park H, Lee SH. Matrilin-3-Primed Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Spheroids Prevent Mesenchymal Stromal-Cell-Derived Chondrocyte Hypertrophy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21238911. [PMID: 33255398 PMCID: PMC7727796 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (Ad-MSCs) are a promising tool for articular cartilage repair and regeneration. However, the terminal hypertrophic differentiation of Ad-MSC-derived cartilage is a critical barrier during hyaline cartilage regeneration. In this study, we investigated the role of matrilin-3 in preventing Ad-MSC-derived chondrocyte hypertrophy in vitro and in an osteoarthritis (OA) destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) model. Methacrylated hyaluron (MAHA) (1%) was used to encapsulate and make scaffolds containing Ad-MSCs and matrilin-3. Subsequently, the encapsulated cells in the scaffolds were differentiated in chondrogenic medium (TGF-β, 1-14 days) and thyroid hormone hypertrophic medium (T3, 15-28 days). The presence of matrilin-3 with Ad-MSCs in the MAHA scaffold significantly increased the chondrogenic marker and decreased the hypertrophy marker mRNA and protein expression. Furthermore, matrilin-3 significantly modified the expression of TGF-β2, BMP-2, and BMP-4. Next, we prepared the OA model and transplanted Ad-MSCs primed with matrilin-3, either as a single-cell suspension or in spheroid form. Safranin-O staining and the OA score suggested that the regenerated cartilage morphology in the matrilin-3-primed Ad-MSC spheroids was similar to the positive control. Furthermore, matrilin-3-primed Ad-MSC spheroids prevented subchondral bone sclerosis in the mouse model. Here, we show that matrilin-3 plays a major role in modulating Ad-MSCs' therapeutic effect on cartilage regeneration and hypertrophy suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Byoung Ju Kim
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea;
| | - Bogyu Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-ro, Bundang-gu, 13488 Seongnam, Korea;
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea;
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (S.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5804 (H.P.); +82-31-961-5153 (S.-H.L.); Fax: +82-2-813-8159 (H.P.); +82-31-961-5108 (S.-H.L.)
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Korea;
- Correspondence: (H.P.); (S.-H.L.); Tel.: +82-2-820-5804 (H.P.); +82-31-961-5153 (S.-H.L.); Fax: +82-2-813-8159 (H.P.); +82-31-961-5108 (S.-H.L.)
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9
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Dennis EP, Greenhalgh-Maychell PL, Briggs MD. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia and related disorders: Molecular genetics, disease mechanisms, and therapeutic avenues. Dev Dyn 2020; 250:345-359. [PMID: 32633442 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
For the vast majority of the 6000 known rare disease the pathogenic mechanisms are poorly defined and there is little treatment, leading to poor quality of life and high healthcare costs. Genetic skeletal diseases (skeletal dysplasias) are archetypal examples of rare diseases that are chronically debilitating, often life-threatening and for which no treatments are currently available. There are more than 450 unique phenotypes that, although individually rare, have an overall prevalence of at least 1 per 4000 children. Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder characterized by disproportionate short stature, joint pain, and early-onset osteoarthritis. MED is caused by mutations in the genes encoding important cartilage extracellular matrix proteins, enzymes, and transporter proteins. Recently, through the use of various cell and mouse models, disease mechanisms underlying this diverse phenotypic spectrum are starting to be elucidated. For example, ER stress induced as a consequence of retained misfolded mutant proteins has emerged as a unifying disease mechanisms for several forms of MED in particular and skeletal dysplasia in general. Moreover, targeting ER stress through drug repurposing has become an attractive therapeutic avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ella P Dennis
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | | | - Michael D Briggs
- Biosciences Institute, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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10
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Jensen VFH, Mølck AM, Bøgh IB, Nowak J, Viuff BM, Rasmussen CLM, Pedersen L, Fels JJ, Madsen SH, McGuigan FE, Tveden-Nyborg P, Lykkesfeldt J, Akesson KE. Inner histopathologic changes and disproportionate zone volumes in foetal growth plates following gestational hypoglycaemia in rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5609. [PMID: 32221393 PMCID: PMC7101337 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62554-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation until gestation day (GD)20 delays foetal growth and skeletal development. While partially prevented by return to normoglycaemia after completed organogenesis (GD17), underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we investigated the pathogenesis of these changes and significance of maternal hypoglycaemia extending beyond organogenesis in non-diabetic rats. Pregnant rats received insulin-infusion until GD20 or GD17, with sacrifice on GD20. Hypoglycaemia throughout gestation increased maternal corticosterone levels, which correlated with foetal levels. Growth plates displayed central histopathologic changes comprising disrupted cellular organisation, hypertrophic chondrocytes, and decreased cellular density; expression of pro-angiogenic factors, HIF-1α and VEGF-A increased in surrounding areas. Disproportionately decreased growth plate zone volumes and lower expression of the structural protein MATN-3 were seen, while bone ossification parameters were normal. Ending maternal/foetal hypoglycaemia on GD17 reduced incidence and severity of histopathologic changes and with normal growth plate volume. Compromised foetal skeletal development following maternal hypoglycaemia throughout gestation is hypothesised to result from corticosterone-induced hypoxia in growth plates, where hypoxia disrupts chondrocyte maturation and growth plate structure and volume, decreasing long bone growth. Maternal/foetal hypoglycaemia lasting only until GD17 attenuated these changes, suggesting a pivotal role of glucose in growth plate development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivi F H Jensen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Toxicology, Safety Pharmacology and Pathology, Maaloev, Denmark. .,University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö and Skåne University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Anne-Marie Mølck
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Toxicology, Safety Pharmacology and Pathology, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Ingrid B Bøgh
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Toxicology, Safety Pharmacology and Pathology, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Jette Nowak
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Toxicology, Safety Pharmacology and Pathology, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Birgitte M Viuff
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Toxicology, Safety Pharmacology and Pathology, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Charlotte L M Rasmussen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Pedersen
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Johannes J Fels
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Research Bioanalysis, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Suzi H Madsen
- Novo Nordisk A/S, Department of Research Bioanalysis, Maaloev, Denmark
| | - Fiona E McGuigan
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö and Skåne University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Pernille Tveden-Nyborg
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Lykkesfeldt
- University of Copenhagen, Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Section for Experimental Animal Models, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kristina E Akesson
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö and Skåne University Hospital, Department of Orthopedics, Malmö, Sweden
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11
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Yilmaz EN, Zeugolis DI. Electrospun Polymers in Cartilage Engineering-State of Play. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:77. [PMID: 32133352 PMCID: PMC7039817 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage defects remain a clinical challenge. Articular cartilage defects progress to osteoarthritis, which negatively (e.g., remarkable pain, decreased mobility, distress) affects millions of people worldwide and is associated with excessive healthcare costs. Surgical procedures and cell-based therapies have failed to deliver a functional therapy. To this end, tissue engineering therapies provide a promise to deliver a functional cartilage substitute. Among the various scaffold fabrication technologies available, electrospinning is continuously gaining pace, as it can produce nano- to micro- fibrous scaffolds that imitate architectural features of native extracellular matrix supramolecular assemblies and can deliver variable cell populations and bioactive molecules. Herein, we comprehensively review advancements and shortfalls of various electrospun scaffolds in cartilage engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Nur Yilmaz
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Dimitrios I Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland.,Science Foundation Ireland, Centre for Research in Medical Devices, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
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12
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Li P, Fleischhauer L, Nicolae C, Prein C, Farkas Z, Saller MM, Prall WC, Wagener R, Heilig J, Niehoff A, Clausen-Schaumann H, Alberton P, Aszodi A. Mice Lacking the Matrilin Family of Extracellular Matrix Proteins Develop Mild Skeletal Abnormalities and Are Susceptible to Age-Associated Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21020666. [PMID: 31963938 PMCID: PMC7013758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrilins (MATN1, MATN2, MATN3 and MATN4) are adaptor proteins of the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM), which bridge the collagen II and proteoglycan networks. In humans, dominant-negative mutations in MATN3 lead to various forms of mild chondrodysplasias. However, single or double matrilin knockout mice generated previously in our laboratory do not show an overt skeletal phenotype, suggesting compensation among the matrilin family members. The aim of our study was to establish a mouse line, which lacks all four matrilins and analyze the consequence of matrilin deficiency on endochondral bone formation and cartilage function. Matn1-4−/− mice were viable and fertile, and showed a lumbosacral transition phenotype characterized by the sacralization of the sixth lumbar vertebra. The development of the appendicular skeleton, the structure of the growth plate, chondrocyte differentiation, proliferation, and survival were normal in mutant mice. Biochemical analysis of knee cartilage demonstrated moderate alterations in the extractability of the binding partners of matrilins in Matn1-4−/− mice. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed comparable compressive stiffness but higher collagen fiber diameters in the growth plate cartilage of quadruple mutant compared to wild-type mice. Importantly, Matn1-4−/− mice developed more severe spontaneous osteoarthritis at the age of 18 months, which was accompanied by changes in the biomechanical properties of the articular cartilage. Interestingly, Matn4−/− mice also developed age-associated osteoarthritis suggesting a crucial role of MATN4 in maintaining the stability of the articular cartilage. Collectively, our data provide evidence that matrilins are important to protect articular cartilage from deterioration and are involved in the specification of the vertebral column.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Lutz Fleischhauer
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Nicolae
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Max Planck Institute for Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany;
| | - Carina Prein
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
| | - Zsuzsanna Farkas
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Maximilian Michael Saller
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Wolf Christian Prall
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Cologne, 50923 Cologne, Germany;
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Juliane Heilig
- Center for Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Hauke Clausen-Schaumann
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians University Munich, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Paolo Alberton
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
| | - Attila Aszodi
- Experimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine (ExperiMed), Department of General, Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Munich University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 80336 Munich, Germany; (P.L.); (L.F.); (C.P.); (Z.F.); (M.M.S.); (W.C.P.); (P.A.)
- Center for Applied Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Munich University of Applied Sciences, 80533 Munich, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-89-4400-55481
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13
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Comparative analysis demonstrates cell type-specific conservation of SOX9 targets between mouse and chicken. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12560. [PMID: 31467356 PMCID: PMC6715657 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48979-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SRY (sex-determining region Y)-box 9 (SOX9) is a transcription factor regulating both chondrogenesis and sex determination. Among vertebrates, SOX9’s functions in chondrogenesis are well conserved, while they vary in sex determination. To investigate the conservation of SOX9’s regulatory functions in chondrogenesis and gonad development among species, we performed chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) using developing limb buds and male gonads from embryos of two vertebrates, mouse and chicken. In both mouse and chicken, SOX9 bound to intronic and distal regions of genes more frequently in limb buds than in male gonads, while SOX9 bound to the proximal upstream regions of genes more frequently in male gonads than in limb buds. In both species, SOX palindromic repeats were identified more frequently in SOX9 binding regions in limb bud genes compared with those in male gonad genes. The conservation of SOX9 binding regions was significantly higher in limb bud genes. In addition, we combined RNA expression analysis (RNA sequencing) with the ChIP-seq results at the same stage in developing chondrocytes and Sertoli cells and determined SOX9 target genes in these cells of the two species and disclosed that SOX9 targets showed high similarity of targets in chondrocytes, but not in Sertoli cells.
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14
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Yip RK, Chan D, Cheah KS. Mechanistic insights into skeletal development gained from genetic disorders. Curr Top Dev Biol 2019; 133:343-385. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctdb.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Liu Q, Wang J, Chen Y, Zhang Z, Saunders L, Schipani E, Chen Q, Ma PX. Suppressing mesenchymal stem cell hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in 3D cartilage regeneration with nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) scaffold and matrilin-3. Acta Biomater 2018; 76:29-38. [PMID: 29940371 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Revised: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Articular cartilage has a very limited ability to self-heal after injury or degeneration due to its low cellularity, poor proliferative activity, and avascular nature. Current clinical options are able to alleviate patient suffering, but cannot sufficiently regenerate the lost tissue. Biomimetic scaffolds that recapitulate the important features of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage are hypothesized to be advantageous in supporting cell growth, chondrogenic differentiation, and integration of regenerated cartilage with native cartilage, ultimately restoring the injured tissue to its normal function. It remains a challenge to support and maintain articular cartilage regenerated by bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), which are prone to hypertrophy and endochondral ossification after implantation in vivo. In the present work, a nanofibrous poly(l-lactic acid) (NF PLLA) scaffold developed by our group was utilized because of the desired highly porous structure, high interconnectivity, and collagen-like NF architecture to support rabbit BMSCs for articular cartilage regeneration. We further hypothesized that matrilin-3 (MATN3), a non-collagenous, cartilage-specific ECM protein, would enhance the microenvironment of the NF PLLA scaffold for cartilage regeneration and maintain the cartilage property. To test this hypothesis, we seeded BMSCs on the NF PLLA scaffold with or without MATN3. We found that MATN3 suppresses hypertrophy in this 3D culture system in vitro. Subcutaneous implantation of the chondrogenic cell/scaffold constructs in a nude mouse model showed that pretreatment with MATN3 was able to maintain chondrogenesis and prevent hypertrophy and endochondral ossification in vivo. These results demonstrate that the porous NF PLLA scaffold treated with MATN3 represents an advantageous 3D microenvironment for cartilage regeneration and phenotype maintenance, and is a promising strategy for articular cartilage repair. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Articular cartilage defects, caused by trauma, inflammation, or joint instability, may ultimately lead to debilitating pain and disability. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are an attractive cell source for articular cartilage tissue engineering. However, chondrogenic induction of BMSCs is often accompanied by undesired hypertrophy, which can lead to calcification and ultimately damage the cartilage. Therefore, a therapy to prevent hypertrophy and endochondral ossification is of paramount importance to adequately regenerate articular cartilage. We hypothesized that MATN3 (a non-collagenous ECM protein expressed exclusively in cartilage) may improve regeneration of articular cartilage with BMSCs by maintaining chondrogenesis and preventing hypertrophic transition in an ECM mimicking nanofibrous scaffold. Our results showed that the administration of MATN3 to the cell/nanofibrous scaffold constructs favorably maintained chondrogenesis and prevented hypertrophy/endochondral ossification in the chondrogenic constructs in vitro and in vivo. The combination of nanofibrous PLLA scaffolds and MATN3 treatment provides a very promising strategy to generate chondrogenic grafts with phenotypic stability for articular cartilage repair.
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16
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Wiggenhauser PS, Schwarz S, Rotter N. The distribution patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 in septal, alar and triangular cartilages of the human nose. Histochem Cell Biol 2018; 150:291-300. [PMID: 29721643 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-018-1672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The biomechanical characteristics of septal cartilage depend strongly on the distinct extracellular matrix of cartilage tissue; therefore, it is essential that the components of this matrix are identified and understood. Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrilin-3 are localised in articular cartilage. This study was the first to examine all subtypes of mature human nasal cartilages (alar, triangular and septal) with specific attention to the distribution of COMP and matrilin-3. Three whole fresh-frozen noses from human donors were dissected, and exemplary biopsies were examined using histochemical staining (haematoxylin and eosin and Alcian blue) and immunohistochemistry (collagen II, COMP and matrilin-3). The following three zones within the nasal cartilage were identified: superficial, intermediate and central. COMP was detected as highest in the intermediate zones in all three subtypes of nasal cartilage, whereas matrilin-3 was detected with pericellular deposition mainly within septal cartilage predominantly in the superficial zones. The distinct staining patterns of COMP and matrilin-3 underscore the different functional roles of both proteins in nasal cartilage. According to the literature, COMP might be involved with collagen II in the formation of networks, whereas matrilin-3 is reported to prevent ossification or regulate mechanosensitivity. The predominant staining observed in septal cartilage suggests matrilin-3's modulatory role because of its presence in the osteochondral junctional zone and given that the biomechanical load in septal cartilage is different from that in alar or triangular cartilage. In conclusion, COMP and matrilin-3 were detected in mature human nasal cartilage but displayed different staining patterns that might be explained by the functional roles of the respective matrix protein; however, further research is necessary to identify and define the functional aspects of this morphological difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Severin Wiggenhauser
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany.
- Department of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstr. 8a, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Silke Schwarz
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Anatomy, Paracelsus Medical University, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, Salzburg, 90419, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Nicole Rotter
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ulm University Medical Center, Frauensteige 12, 89075, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, University Hospital Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68167, Mannheim, Germany
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17
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Ripmeester EGJ, Timur UT, Caron MMJ, Welting TJM. Recent Insights into the Contribution of the Changing Hypertrophic Chondrocyte Phenotype in the Development and Progression of Osteoarthritis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:18. [PMID: 29616218 PMCID: PMC5867295 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is an extremely prevalent age-related condition. The economic and societal burden due to the cost of symptomatic treatment, inability to work, joint replacement, and rehabilitation is huge and increasing. Currently, there are no effective medical therapies that delay or reverse the pathological manifestations of OA. Current treatment options are, without exception, focused on slowing down progression of the disease to postpone total joint replacement surgery for as long as possible and keeping the associated pain and joint immobility manageable. Alterations in the articular cartilage chondrocyte phenotype might be fundamental in the pathological mechanisms of OA development. In many ways, the changing chondrocyte phenotype in osteoarthritic cartilage resembles the process of endochondral ossification as seen, for instance, in developing growth plates. However, the relative contribution of endochondral ossification to the changing chondrocyte phenotype in the development and progression of OA remains poorly described. In this review, we will discuss the current knowledge regarding the cartilage endochondral phenotypic changes occurring during OA development and progression, as well as the molecular and environmental effectors driving these changes. Understanding how these molecular mechanisms determine the chondrocyte cell fate in OA will be essential in enabling cartilage regenerative approaches in future treatments of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen G J Ripmeester
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Ufuk Tan Timur
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Tim J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, Netherlands
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18
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Abstract
Marilins mediate interactions between macromolecular components of the extracellular matrix, e.g., collagens and proteoglycans. They are composed of von Willebrand factor type A and epidermal growth factor-like domains and the subunits oligomerize via coiled-coil domains. Matrilin-1 and -3 are abundant in hyaline cartilage, whereas matrilin-2 and -4 are widespread but less abundant. Mutations in matrilin genes have been linked to chondrodysplasias and osteoarthritis and recently characterization of matrilin-deficient mice revealed novel functions in mechanotransduction, regeneration, or inflammation. Due to their intrinsic adhesiveness and partially also low abundance, the study of matrilins is cumbersome. In this chapter, we describe methods for purification of matrilins from tissue, analysis of matrilins in tissue extracts, recombinant expression, and generation of matrilin-specific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mats Paulsson
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Raimund Wagener
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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19
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Diab SM, Kamal HM, Mansour AI, Fawzy RM, Azab BS. Clinical significance of Matrilin-3 gene polymorphism in Egyptian patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. Eur J Rheumatol 2017; 4:200-204. [PMID: 28983412 PMCID: PMC5621842 DOI: 10.5152/eurjrheum.2016.16107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial, degenerative, and inflammatory disorder of joints causing damage of the articular cartilage, formation of osteophytes, and eburination of the subchondral bone. Matrilin-3 (MATN-3) is a non-collagenous oligomeric extracellular matrix protein (ECM), which is the smallest member of the matrilin family. This study was conducted to identify the potential association and clinical significance of MATN-3 rs8176070 (SNP6) polymorphism in a series of Egyptian patients with primary knee OA. MATERIAL AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine genotypes of MATN-3 SNP6 for 50 primary knee OA patients in addition to 50 healthy subjects of the same sex and age range. Full history was obtained from OA patients, followed by clinical examination, together with clinical assessment of the severity of knee OA using Lequesne Algofunctional Index score and radiological grading using the Kellgren-Lawrence grade scale (KL). RESULTS With regard to genotypes of MATN-3 gene SNP6 (rs8176070), a statistically significant difference between OA patients and healthy control subjects was found for the B\b genotype and b allele (p=0.046 and 0.042 respectively), with the prevalence being higher in OA patients with a high risk to develop OA (Odds Ratio [OR]=2.250, 95% CI=1.011-5.008). Patients with the B\b genotype had worse clinical and radiological findings than those with B\B and b\b genotypes. CONCLUSION The investigated polymorphism in the MATN-3 gene may reflect the risk and severity of knee OA in Egyptian patients, particularly with the B\b genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safia M. Diab
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Howyda M. Kamal
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Amira I. Mansour
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Rasha M. Fawzy
- Department of Rheumatology & Rehabilitation, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
| | - Basma S. Azab
- Department of Clinical & Chemical Pathology, Benha University School Medicine, Benha, Egypt
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20
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Firner S, Zaucke F, Michael J, Dargel J, Schiwy-Bochat KH, Heilig J, Rothschild MA, Eysel P, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Extracellular Distribution of Collagen II and Perifibrillar Adapter Proteins in Healthy and Osteoarthritic Human Knee Joint Cartilage. J Histochem Cytochem 2017; 65:593-606. [PMID: 28846474 DOI: 10.1369/0022155417729154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Perifibrillar adapter proteins, interconnecting collagen fibrils, and linking the collagen network with the aggrecan matrix seem to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, we examined immunohistochemically the extracellular distribution of collagen II and the main perifibrillar adapter proteins-collagen IX, decorin, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and matrilin-3-in human samples of healthy (n=4) and OA (n=42) knee joint cartilage. Histopathology assessment was performed using an OA score. Staining patterns were evaluated in relation to the disease stage. The perifibrillar adapter proteins were uniformly distributed in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. In moderate OA (n=8; score 14.3 ± 4.7), all proteins analyzed were locally absent in the fibrillated area or the superficial and upper mid zone. In advanced OA (n=20; score 18.9 ± 5.3), they were uniformly distributed in these zones and accumulated pericellularly. Perifibrillar adapter proteins are important for the stabilization of the collagen network in the upper zones of healthy cartilage. Their degradation might be a critical event in early OA. In advanced OA, there are indications for an increased synthesis in an attempt to regenerate the lost tissue and to protect the remaining cartilage from further destruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Firner
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Dr. Rolf M. Schwiete Research Unit for Osteoarthritis, Orthopaedic University Hospital Friedrichsheim gGmbH, Frankfurt, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Joern Michael
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jens Dargel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Juliane Heilig
- Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | | | - Peer Eysel
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Gert-Peter Brüggemann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Anja Niehoff
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics (CCMB), Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
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21
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Stock M, Menges S, Eitzinger N, Geßlein M, Botschner R, Wormser L, Distler A, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Dietel K, Distler J, Beyer C, Gelse K, Engelke K, Koenders MI, van den Berg W, von der Mark K, Schett G. A Dual Role of Upper Zone of Growth Plate and Cartilage Matrix-Associated Protein in Human and Mouse Osteoarthritic Cartilage: Inhibition of Aggrecanases and Promotion of Bone Turnover. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 69:1233-1245. [PMID: 28086000 DOI: 10.1002/art.40042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage damage and subchondral bone changes are closely connected in osteoarthritis. Nevertheless, how these processes are interlinked is, to date, incompletely understood. This study was undertaken to investigate the mechanistic role of a cartilage-derived protein, upper zone of growth plate and cartilage matrix-associated protein (UCMA), in osteoarthritis-related cartilage and bone changes. METHODS UCMA expression was assessed in healthy and osteoarthritic human and mouse cartilage. For analysis of cartilage and bone changes, osteoarthritis was induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) in wild-type (WT) and Ucma-deficient mice. UCMA-collagen interactions, the effect of UCMA on aggrecanase activity, and the impact of recombinant UCMA on osteoclast differentiation were studied in vitro. RESULTS UCMA was found to be overexpressed in human and mouse osteoarthritic cartilage. DMM-triggered cartilage changes, including increased structural damage, proteoglycan loss, and chondrocyte cell death, were aggravated in Ucma-deficient mice compared to WT littermates, thereby demonstrating the potential chondroprotective effects of UCMA. Moreover, UCMA inhibited ADAMTS-dependent aggrecanase activity and directly interacted with cartilage-specific collagen types. In contrast, osteoarthritis-related bone changes were significantly reduced in Ucma-deficient mice, showing less pronounced osteophyte formation and subchondral bone sclerosis. Mechanistically, UCMA directly promoted osteoclast differentiation in vitro. CONCLUSION UCMA appears to link cartilage with bone changes in osteoarthritis by supporting cartilage integrity as an endogenous inhibitor of aggrecanases while also promoting osteoclastogenesis and subchondral bone turnover. Thus, UCMA represents an important link between cartilage and bone in osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Stock
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Menges
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Eitzinger
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maria Geßlein
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Renate Botschner
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Laura Wormser
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Alfiya Distler
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Katharina Dietel
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Distler
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Beyer
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kolja Gelse
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klaus Engelke
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Georg Schett
- Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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22
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Wang H, Zhang H, Sun Q, Wang Y, Yang J, Yang J, Zhang T, Luo S, Wang L, Jiang Y, Zeng C, Cai D, Bai X. Intra-articular Delivery of Antago-miR-483-5p Inhibits Osteoarthritis by Modulating Matrilin 3 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase 2. Mol Ther 2017; 25:715-727. [PMID: 28139355 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as important regulators in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis. In our study, a real-time PCR assay revealed that miR-483-5p was upregulated in articular cartilage from OA patients and experimental OA mice induced by destabilization of the medial meniscus compared to their controls. Overexpression of miR-483-5p by intra-articular injection of lentivirus LV3-miR-483-5p significantly enhanced the severity of experimental OA. Consequently, we synthesized antago-miR-483-5p to silence the endogenous miR-483-5p and delivered it intra-articularly, which revealed that antago-miR-483-5p delayed the progression of experimental OA. To investigate the functional mechanism of miR-483-5p in OA development, we generated doxycycline-inducible miR-483 transgenic (TG483) mice. TG483 mice exhibited significant acceleration and increased severity of OA, and age-related OA occurred with higher incidence and greater severity in TG483 mice compared with their controls. Furthermore, our results revealed miR-483-5p directly targeted to the cartilage matrix protein matrilin 3 (Matn3) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 2 (Timp2) to stimulate chondrocyte hypertrophy, extracellular matrix degradation, and cartilage angiogenesis, and it consequently initiated and accelerated the development of OA. In conclusion, our findings reveal an miRNA functional pathway important for OA development. Targeting of miR-483-5p by intra-articular injection of antago-miR-483-5p represents an approach that could prevent the onset of OA and delay its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Diseases and Translational Medicine of The Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical College, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Qiuyi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jincheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Guangzhou Military Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Shenqiu Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Yu Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Chun Zeng
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Daozhang Cai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
| | - Xiaochun Bai
- Academy of Orthopedics, Guangdong Province, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510630, China.
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Yilmaz AD, Yazicioğlu D, Tuzuner Oncul MA, Ereş G, Sayan NB. Association of Matrilin-3 Gene Polymorphism with Temporomandibular Joint Internal Derangement. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2016; 20:563-568. [PMID: 27533128 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2016.0037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Temporomandibular joint internal derangement (TMJ ID) is a multifactorial complex disease characterised by articular disc degeneration. Matrilin-3 is a cartilage and bone-specific adaptor protein, and amino-acid substitutions in the protein are associated with skeletal diseases and joint disorders. We aimed to detect the variants of Matrilin-3 gene (MATN3) in a TMJ ID case-control group and to investigate the risk association of the detected variants with TMJ ID. MATERIALS AND METHODS A case control study was conducted consisting of 57 unrelated TMJ ID patients (32.7 ± 8.2) and 96 unrelated healthy controls (26.63 ± 3.05) without TMJ ID to look for associations with variants of the MATN3 gene. DNA from individual subjects was extracted and each of the eight exons was amplified by polymerase chain reaction using and analyzed by single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis. SSCP variants were subjected to DNA sequence analysis, which yielded band pattern variations in exon 2 of the gene. We further analyzed exon 2 by DNA sequencing to determine the sequence of these variants. RESULTS We identified SSCP band patterns variants in exon 2 of the MATN3 gene which upon sequencing revealed a single C to T transition mutation (rs28598872) c.447 C>T (g.11608 C>T). This polymorphism is predicted to result in a synonymous mutation (pAla149 = ). The TT and CT genotypes were more prevalent than the CC genotype in TMJ ID patients compared to the control group with a risk factor of 2.12 (confidence intervals [CI] :0.88-5.08) and 2.0 (CI:0.726-5.508). In addition, TMJ ID patients were divided into two groups as anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDWR) and anterior disc displacement without reduction (ADDWOR) and compared with the controls. The TT and CT genotypes were more prevalent than the CC genotype in ADDWR patients compared to the control group with a risk factor of 3.85 (CI:0.927-16.048) and 3.75 (1.02-13.786), respectively. We found that, among ADDWR patients, the T allele is a risk factor both in homozygous and heterozygous carriers (p < 0.052, p < 0.036). CONCLUSION The results of the study indicate a potential role for the MATN3 rs28598872 polymorphism in the pathogenesis of TMJ ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayça Dilara Yilmaz
- 1 Molecular Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Duygu Yazicioğlu
- 2 Private Practice , Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mine Aysegul Tuzuner Oncul
- 3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülden Ereş
- 4 Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University , Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nejat Bora Sayan
- 2 Private Practice , Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Ankara, Turkey
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Kamper M, Paulsson M, Zaucke F. Absence of collagen IX accelerates hypertrophic differentiation in the embryonic mouse spine through a disturbance of the Ihh-PTHrP feedback loop. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 367:359-367. [DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2501-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Muttigi MS, Han I, Park HK, Park H, Lee SH. Matrilin-3 Role in Cartilage Development and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17040590. [PMID: 27104523 PMCID: PMC4849044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17040590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of cartilage performs essential functions in differentiation and chondroprogenitor cell maintenance during development and regeneration. Here, we discuss the vital role of matrilin-3, an ECM protein involved in cartilage development and potential osteoarthritis pathomechanisms. As an adaptor protein, matrilin-3 binds to collagen IX to form a filamentous network around cells. Matrilin-3 is an essential component during cartilage development and ossification. In addition, it interacts directly or indirectly with transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) eventually regulates chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophic differentiation. Interestingly, matrilin-3 increases interleukin receptor antagonists (IL-Ra) in chondrocytes, suggesting its role in the suppression of IL-1β-mediated inflammatory action. Matrilin-3 downregulates the expression of matrix-degrading enzymes, such as a disintegrin metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs 4 (ADAMTS4) and ADAMTS5, matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13), and collagen X, a hypertrophy marker during development and inflammatory conditions. Matrilin-3 essentially enhances collagen II and aggrecan expression, which are required to maintain the tensile strength and elasticity of cartilage, respectively. Interestingly, despite these attributes, matrilin-3 induces osteoarthritis-associated markers in chondrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Existing data provide insights into the critical role of matrilin-3 in inflammation, matrix degradation, and matrix formation in cartilage development and osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunatha S Muttigi
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea.
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Korea.
| | - Inbo Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam-si 13496, Korea.
| | - Hun-Kuk Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collage of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.
| | - Hansoo Park
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06911, Korea.
| | - Soo-Hong Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-Si 13488, Korea.
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26
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Zhang Y, Strehin I, Bedelbaeva K, Gourevitch D, Clark L, Leferovich J, Messersmith PB, Heber-Katz E. Drug-induced regeneration in adult mice. Sci Transl Med 2016; 7:290ra92. [PMID: 26041709 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3010228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Whereas amphibians regenerate lost appendages spontaneously, mammals generally form scars over the injury site through the process of wound repair. The MRL mouse strain is an exception among mammals because it shows a spontaneous regenerative healing trait and so can be used to investigate proregenerative interventions in mammals. We report that hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is a central molecule in the process of regeneration in adult MRL mice. The degradation of HIF-1α protein, which occurs under normoxic conditions, is mediated by prolyl hydroxylases (PHDs). We used the drug 1,4-dihydrophenonthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid (1,4-DPCA), a PHD inhibitor, to stabilize constitutive expression of HIF-1α protein. A locally injectable hydrogel containing 1,4-DPCA was designed to achieve controlled delivery of the drug over 4 to 10 days. Subcutaneous injection of the 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel into Swiss Webster mice that do not show a regenerative phenotype increased stable expression of HIF-1α protein over 5 days, providing a functional measure of drug release in vivo. Multiple peripheral subcutaneous injections of the 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel over a 10-day period led to regenerative wound healing in Swiss Webster mice after ear hole punch injury. Increased expression of the HIF-1α protein may provide a starting point for future studies on regeneration in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Iossif Strehin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Khamilia Bedelbaeva
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Dmitri Gourevitch
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lise Clark
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - John Leferovich
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Ellen Heber-Katz
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Aury-Landas J, Marcelli C, Leclercq S, Boumédiene K, Baugé C. Genetic Determinism of Primary Early-Onset Osteoarthritis. Trends Mol Med 2016; 22:38-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2015.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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28
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Wang YC, Liu JS, Chen JY, Wu SQ, Wang GR, Nie J, Zhang SK, Guo QL, Luo JM. Multiple functions of the first EGF domain in matrilin-3: Secretion and endoplasmic reticulum stress. Int J Mol Med 2015; 36:1648-56. [PMID: 26499313 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2015.2377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in matrilin-3 are associated with common skeletal diseases, such as hand osteoarthritis (HOA), as well as rare chondrodysplasias, such as multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) and spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia (SEMD). In the present study, we constructed the mutations R116W [at the von Willebrand factor, type A (vWFA) domain], T298M [at the first epidermal growth factor (EGF) domain] and C299S (at the first EGF domain), according to the mouse sequence, which are associated with human MED, HOA and SEMD, respectively, by overlap extension PCR and inserted them into an expression vector (pcDNA3.1/v5-His). We transfected these contructs into the COS-1 or MCT cells, and the results revealed that the HOA-related matrilin-3 mutation (T298M) leads to a high expression level of growth arrest DNA damage-inducible gene 153 (GADD153, also known as CHOP; an endoplasmic reticulum stress marker), as shown by western blot analysis and does not significantly affect protein secretion, as shown by immunofluorescence staining; however, osteochondroplasia, i.e., MED-related (R116W) and SEMD-related (C299S) mutations lead to both high levels of GADD153 expression and protein trafficking into the cytoplasm and form multiple vacuoles in cells, which in turn leads to insufficient protein secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Shi Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Yi Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Qi Wu
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Gui-Rong Wang
- Department of Surgery, SUNY Upstate Medical University College of Medicine, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Jing Nie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Kun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai People's Provincial Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007, P.R. China
| | - Qu-Lian Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Ming Luo
- Department of Pathology, Qinghai People's Provincial Hospital, Xining, Qinghai 810007, P.R. China
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29
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Abstract
Cartilage remodeling is currently among the most popular topics in osteoarthritis research. Remodeling includes removal of the existing cartilage and replacement by neo-cartilage. As a loss of balance between removal and replacement of articular cartilage develops (particularly, the rate of removal surpasses the rate of replacement), joints will begin to degrade. In the last few years, significant progress in molecular understanding of the cartilage remodeling process has been made. In this brief review, we focus on the discussion of some current "controversial" observations in articular cartilage degeneration: (1) the biological effect of transforming growth factor-beta 1 on developing and mature articular cartilages, (2) the question of whether aggrecanase 1 (ADAMTS4) and aggrecanase 2 (ADAMTS5) are key enzymes in articular cartilage destruction, and (3) chondrocytes versus chondron in the development of osteoarthritis. It is hoped that continued discussion and investigation will follow to better clarify these topics. Clarification will be critical for those in search of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefu Li
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA ; Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA ; Faculty of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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30
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Garciadiego-Cázares D, Aguirre-Sánchez HI, Abarca-Buis RF, Kouri JB, Velasquillo C, Ibarra C. Regulation of α5 and αV Integrin Expression by GDF-5 and BMP-7 in Chondrocyte Differentiation and Osteoarthritis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127166. [PMID: 26010756 PMCID: PMC4443976 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The Integrin β1 family is the major receptors of the Extracellular matrix (ECM), and the synthesis and degradation balance of ECM is seriously disrupted during Osteoarthritis (OA). In this scenario, integrins modify their pattern expression and regulate chondrocyte differentiation in the articular cartilage. Members of the Transforming growth factor beta (Tgf-β) Superfamily, such as Growth differentiation factor 5 (Gdf-5) and Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (Bmp-7), play a key role in joint formation and could regulate the integrin expression during chondrocyte differentiation and osteoarthritis progression in an experimental OA rat model. Decrease of α5 integrin expression in articular cartilage was related with chondrocyte dedifferentiation during OA progression, while increase of α1, α2, and α3 integrin expression was related with fibrous areas in articular cartilage during OA. Hypertrophic chondrocytes expressed αV integrin and was increased in the articular cartilage of rats with OA. Integrin expression during chondrocyte differentiation was also analyzed in a micromass culture system of mouse embryo mesenchymal cells, micromass cultures was treated with Gdf-5 or Bmp-7 for 4 and 6 days, respectively. Gdf-5 induced the expression of the α5 sub-unit, while Bmp-7 induced the expression of the αV sub-unit. This suggests a switch in signaling for prehypertrophic chondrocyte differentiation towards hypertrophy, where Gdf-5 could maintain the articular chondrocyte phenotype and Bmp-7 would induce hypertrophy. Decrease of Ihh expression during late stages of OA in rat model suggest that the ossification in OA rat knees and endochondral ossification could be activated by Bmp-7 and αV integrin in absence of Ihh. Thus, chondrocyte phenotype in articular cartilage is similar to prehypetrophic chondrocyte in growth plate, and is preserved due to the presence of Indian hedgehog (Ihh), Gdf-5 and α5 integrin to maintain articular cartilage and prevent hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Garciadiego-Cázares
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda I. Aguirre-Sánchez
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - René F. Abarca-Buis
- Laboratorio de Tejido Conjuntivo, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan B. Kouri
- Departamento de Infectómica y Patogénesis Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cristina Velasquillo
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Clemente Ibarra
- Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos, Terapia Celular y Medicina Regenerativa, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación (INR), Secretaría de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
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31
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Karsdal MA, Manon-Jensen T, Genovese F, Kristensen JH, Nielsen MJ, Sand JMB, Hansen NUB, Bay-Jensen AC, Bager CL, Krag A, Blanchard A, Krarup H, Leeming DJ, Schuppan D. Novel insights into the function and dynamics of extracellular matrix in liver fibrosis. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2015; 308:G807-30. [PMID: 25767261 PMCID: PMC4437019 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00447.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that altered components and posttranslational modifications of proteins in the extracellular matrix (ECM) may both initiate and drive disease progression. The ECM is a complex grid consisting of multiple proteins, most of which play a vital role in containing the essential information needed for maintenance of a sophisticated structure anchoring the cells and sustaining normal function of tissues. Therefore, the matrix itself may be considered as a paracrine/endocrine entity, with more complex functions than previously appreciated. The aims of this review are to 1) explore key structural and functional components of the ECM as exemplified by monogenetic disorders leading to severe pathologies, 2) discuss selected pathological posttranslational modifications of ECM proteins resulting in altered functional (signaling) properties from the original structural proteins, and 3) discuss how these findings support the novel concept that an increasing number of components of the ECM harbor signaling functions that can modulate fibrotic liver disease. The ECM entails functions in addition to anchoring cells and modulating their migratory behavior. Key ECM components and their posttranslational modifications often harbor multiple domains with different signaling potential, in particular when modified during inflammation or wound healing. This signaling by the ECM should be considered a paracrine/endocrine function, as it affects cell phenotype, function, fate, and finally tissue homeostasis. These properties should be exploited to establish novel biochemical markers and antifibrotic treatment strategies for liver fibrosis as well as other fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten A. Karsdal
- 1Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade, Herlev, Denmark; ,2University of Southern Denmark, SDU, Odense, Denmark;
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aleksander Krag
- 3Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;
| | - Andy Blanchard
- 4GlaxoSmithKline, Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, United Kingdom;
| | - Henrik Krarup
- 5Section of Molecular Biology, Clinical Biochemistry, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark;
| | | | - Detlef Schuppan
- 6Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immunotherapy, University of Mainz Medical Center, Mainz, Germany; ,7Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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32
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Xin W, Heilig J, Paulsson M, Zaucke F. Collagen II regulates chondroycte integrin expression profile and differentiation. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:307-14. [PMID: 25803621 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1026965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Collagen II is the major fibril-forming collagen in cartilage. Complete absence of collagen II in mice is not compatible with life and in humans mutations in the COL2A1 gene lead to osteochondrodysplasias with diverse phenotypes. However, mechanistic studies on how chondrocytes respond to a lack of collagen II in their extracellular matrix are limited. Primary mouse chondrocytes were isolated from knee joints of newborn mice and transfected with siRNA targeting Col2α1 to suppress collagen II expression. The expression of integrin receptors and matrix proteins was investigated by RT-PCR and immunoblots. The localization of matrix components was evaluated by immunostaining. Signaling pathways and the differentiation state of chondrocytes was monitored by RT-PCR and flow cytometry. We demonstrate that in the absence of collagen II chondrocytes start to produce collagen I. Some binding partners of collagen II are partially lost from the matrix while other proteins, e.g. COMP, were still found associated with the newly formed collagen network. The lack of collagen II induced changes in the expression profile of integrins. Further, we detected alterations in the Indian hedgehog/parathyroid hormone-related protein (Ihh/PTHrP) pathway that were accompanied by changes in the differentiation state of chondrocytes. Collagen II seems not to be essential for chondrocyte survival in culture but it plays an important role in maintaining chondrocyte differentiation. We suggest that a crosstalk between extracellular matrix and cells via integrins and the Ihh/PTHrP pathway is involved in regulating the differentiation state of chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xin
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University , Jinan , China
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33
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Bleuel J, Zaucke F, Brüggemann GP, Heilig J, Wolter ML, Hamann N, Firner S, Niehoff A. Moderate cyclic tensile strain alters the assembly of cartilage extracellular matrix proteins in vitro. J Biomech Eng 2015; 137:061009. [PMID: 25782164 DOI: 10.1115/1.4030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical loading influences the structural and mechanical properties of articular cartilage. The cartilage matrix protein collagen II essentially determines the tensile properties of the tissue and is adapted in response to loading. The collagen II network is stabilized by the collagen II-binding cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), collagen IX, and matrilin-3. However, the effect of mechanical loading on these extracellular matrix proteins is not yet understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate if and how chondrocytes assemble the extracellular matrix proteins collagen II, COMP, collagen IX, and matrilin-3 in response to mechanical loading. Primary murine chondrocytes were applied to cyclic tensile strain (6%, 0.5 Hz, 30 min per day at three consecutive days). The localization of collagen II, COMP, collagen IX, and matrilin-3 in loaded and unloaded cells was determined by immunofluorescence staining. The messenger ribo nucleic acid (mRNA) expression levels and synthesis of the proteins were analyzed using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blots. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the pattern of collagen II distribution was altered by loading. In loaded chondrocytes, collagen II containing fibrils appeared thicker and strongly co-stained for COMP and collagen IX, whereas the collagen network from unloaded cells was more diffuse and showed minor costaining. Further, the applied load led to a higher amount of COMP in the matrix, determined by western blot analysis. Our results show that moderate cyclic tensile strain altered the assembly of the extracellular collagen network. However, changes in protein amount were only observed for COMP, but not for collagen II, collagen IX, or matrilin-3. The data suggest that the adaptation to mechanical loading is not always the result of changes in RNA and/or protein expression but might also be the result of changes in matrix assembly and structure.
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Hintermann E, Bayer M, Pfeilschifter JM, Deák F, Kiss I, Paulsson M, Christen U. Upregulation of matrilin-2 expression in murine hepatic stellate cells during liver injury has no effect on fibrosis formation and resolution. Liver Int 2015; 35:1265-73. [PMID: 24905825 DOI: 10.1111/liv.12604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Matrilins are a family of four oligomeric adaptor proteins whose functions in extracellular matrix assembly during pathophysiological events still need to be explored in more detail. Matrilin-2 is the largest family member and the only matrilin expressed in the naive liver. Several studies demonstrate that matrilin-2 interacts with collagen I, fibronectin or laminin-111-nidogen-1 complexes. All these matrix components get upregulated during hepatic scar tissue formation. Therefore, we tested whether matrilin-2 has an influence on the formation and/or the resolution of fibrotic tissue in the mouse liver. METHODS Fibrosis was induced by infection with an adenovirus encoding cytochrome P450 2D6 (autoimmune liver damage) or by exposure to the hepatotoxin carbon tetrachloride. Fibrosis severity and matrilin-2 expression were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) were isolated and analysed by immunocytochemistry and Transwell migration assays. RESULTS Both autoimmune as well as chemically induced liver damage led to simultaneous upregulation of matrilin-2 and collagen I expression. Discontinuation of carbon tetrachloride exposure resulted in concomitant dissolution of both proteins. Activated HSCs were the source of de novo matrilin-2 expression. Comparing wild type and matrilin-2-deficient mice, no differences were detected in fibronectin and collagen I upregulation and resolution kinetics as well as amount or location of fibronectin and collagen I production and degradation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that the absence of matrilin-2 has no effect on HSC activation and regression kinetics, synthetic activity, proliferative capacity, motility, or HSC apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith Hintermann
- Pharmazentrum Frankfurt / ZAFES, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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He W, Kienzle A, Liu X, Müller WEG, Feng Q. In vitro 30 nm silver nanoparticles promote chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra06386h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles positively influence chondrogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells through promoting expression of chondrogenic markers while reducing hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Arne Kienzle
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Xujie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- Institute for Physiological Chemistry
- Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz
- D-55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Qingling Feng
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- China
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Abstract
Growth plate is a specialized cartilaginous structure that mediates the longitudinal growth of skeletal bones. It consists of ordered zones of chondrocytes that secrete an extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of specific types of collagens and proteoglycans. Several heritable human skeletal dysplasias are caused by mutations in these ECM components and this review focuses on the roles of type II, IX, X, and XI collagens, aggrecan, matrilins, perlecan, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the growth plate as deduced from human disease phenotypes and mouse models. Substantial advances have been achieved in deciphering the interaction networks and individual roles of these components in the construction of the growth plate ECM. Furthermore, ER stress and other cellular responses have been identified as key downstream effects of the ECM mutations contributing to abnormal growth plate development. The next challenge is to utilize the molecular level knowledge for the development of potential therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Myllyharju
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, FIN-90014, Oulu, Finland,
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Yang X, Trehan SK, Guan Y, Sun C, Moore DC, Jayasuriya CT, Chen Q. Matrilin-3 inhibits chondrocyte hypertrophy as a bone morphogenetic protein-2 antagonist. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:34768-79. [PMID: 25331953 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.583104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased chondrocyte hypertrophy is often associated with cartilage joint degeneration in human osteoarthritis patients. Matrilin-3 knock-out (Matn3 KO) mice exhibit these features. However, the underlying mechanism is unknown. In this study, we sought a molecular explanation for increased chondrocyte hypertrophy in the mice prone to cartilage degeneration. We analyzed the effects of Matn3 on chondrocyte hypertrophy and bone morphogenetic protein (Bmp) signaling by quantifying the hypertrophic marker collagen type X (Col X) gene expression and Smad1 activity in Matn3 KO mice in vivo and in Matn3-overexpressing chondrocytes in vitro. The effect of Matn3 and its specific domains on BMP activity were quantified by Col X promoter activity containing the Bmp-responsive element. Binding of MATN3 with BMP-2 was determined by immunoprecipitation, solid phase binding, and surface plasmon resonance assays. In Matn3 KO mice, Smad1 activity was increased more in growth plate chondrocytes than in wild-type mice. Conversely, Matn3 overexpression in hypertrophic chondrocytes led to inhibition of Bmp-2-stimulated, BMP-responsive element-dependent Col X expression and Smad1 activity. MATN3 bound BMP-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Multiple epidermal growth factor (EGF)-like domains clustered together by the coiled coil of Matn3 is required for Smad1 inhibition. Hence, as a novel BMP-2-binding protein and antagonist in the cartilage extracellular matrix, MATN3 may have the inherent ability to inhibit premature chondrocyte hypertrophy by suppressing BMP-2/Smad1 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Yang
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Samir K Trehan
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Yingjie Guan
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Changqi Sun
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Douglas C Moore
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Chathuraka T Jayasuriya
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
| | - Qian Chen
- From the Cell and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics, Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island 02903
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Shahzad M, Gao J, Qin P, Liu J, Wang Z, Zhang D, Li J. Expression of Genes Encoding Matrilin-3 and Cyclin-I During the Impairment and Recovery of Chicken Growth Plate in Tibial Dyschondroplasia. Avian Dis 2014; 58:468-73. [DOI: 10.1637/10781-012614-resnote.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Matrilin-2 is a widely distributed extracellular matrix protein and a potential biomarker in the early stage of osteoarthritis in articular cartilage. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:986127. [PMID: 24741569 PMCID: PMC3967717 DOI: 10.1155/2014/986127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Revised: 01/09/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we first generated and characterized a polyclonal antibody against unique domain of matrlin-2 and then used this specific antibody to assess the expression pattern of matrilin-2 by immunohistochemistry. We found that marilin-2 is widely distributed in the connective tissues of many mouse tissues including heart, colon, penis, esophagus, lung, kidney, tracheal cartilage, developmental bone, and adult bone. The expression level of matrilin-2 was remarkably increased in the tissues of osteoarthritis developmental articular cartilage, compared to normal healthy tissues. Furthermore, we determined matrilin-2 expression in specific epithelial cells in stomach and ductal epithelial cells of salivary gland. In other tissues, the positive signals were mainly located around cardiac muscle cells and Purkinje fibers in the heart; corpus spongiosum in the penis; submucosa in the colon and esophagus; extracellular matrix of cartilage in the tracheal cartilage; and, glomerulus, the basement membrane of distal convoluted tubule and renal matrix in kidney. These observations indicated that the distribution pattern of matrilin-2 is heterogeneous in each tissue. Matrilin-2 may play an important role in the communication of matrix to matrix and matrix to cells and will be used as a potential biomarker in the early stage of osteoarthritis of articular cartilage.
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Neacsu CD, Ko YP, Tagariello A, Røkenes Karlsen K, Neiss WF, Paulsson M, Wagener R. Matrilin-1 is essential for zebrafish development by facilitating collagen II secretion. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:1505-18. [PMID: 24293366 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.529933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrilin-1 is the prototypical member of the matrilin protein family and is highly expressed in cartilage. However, gene targeting of matrilin-1 in mouse did not lead to pronounced phenotypes. Here we used the zebrafish as an alternative model to study matrilin function in vivo. Matrilin-1 displays a multiphasic expression during zebrafish development. In an early phase, with peak expression at about 15 h post-fertilization, matrilin-1 is present throughout the zebrafish embryo with exception of the notochord. Later, when the skeleton develops, matrilin-1 is expressed mainly in cartilage. Morpholino knockdown of matrilin-1 results both in overall growth defects and in disturbances in the formation of the craniofacial cartilage, most prominently loss of collagen II deposition. In fish with mild phenotypes, certain cartilage extracellular matrix components were present, but the tissue did not show features characteristic for cartilage. The cells showed endoplasmic reticulum aberrations but no activation of XBP-1, a marker for endoplasmic reticulum stress. In severe phenotypes nearly all chondrocytes died. During the early expression phase the matrilin-1 knockdown had no effects on cell morphology, but increased cell death was observed. In addition, the broad deposition of collagen II was largely abolished. Interestingly, the early phenotype could be rescued by the co-injection of mRNA coding for the von Willebrand factor C domain of collagen IIα1a, indicating that the functional loss of this domain occurs as a consequence of matrilin-1 deficiency. The results show that matrilin-1 is indispensible for zebrafish cartilage formation and plays a role in the early collagen II-dependent developmental events.
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Gualeni B, de Vernejoul MC, Marty-Morieux C, De Leonardis F, Franchi M, Monti L, Forlino A, Houillier P, Rossi A, Geoffroy V. Alteration of proteoglycan sulfation affects bone growth and remodeling. Bone 2013; 54:83-91. [PMID: 23369989 PMCID: PMC3607217 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2013.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2013] [Accepted: 01/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Diastrophic dysplasia (DTD) is a chondrodysplasia caused by mutations in the SLC26A2 gene, leading to reduced intracellular sulfate pool in chondrocytes, osteoblasts and fibroblasts. Hence, proteoglycans are undersulfated in the cartilage and bone of DTD patients. To characterize the bone phenotype of this skeletal dysplasia we used the Slc26a2 knock-in mouse (dtd mouse), that was previously validated as an animal model of DTD in humans. X-rays, bone densitometry, static and dynamic histomorphometry, and in vitro studies revealed a primary bone defect in the dtd mouse model. We showed in vivo that this primary bone defect in dtd mice is due to decreased bone accrual associated with a decreased trabecular and periosteal appositional rate at the cell level in one month-old mice. Although the osteoclast number evaluated by histomorphometry was not different in dtd compared to wild-type mice, urine analysis of deoxypyridinoline cross-links and serum levels of type I collagen C-terminal telopeptides showed a higher resorption rate in dtd mice compared to wild-type littermates. Electron microscopy studies showed that collagen fibrils in bone were thinner and less organized in dtd compared to wild-type mice. These data suggest that the low bone mass observed in mutant mice could possibly be linked to the different bone matrix compositions/organizations in dtd mice triggering changes in osteoblast and osteoclast activities. Overall, these results suggest that proteoglycan undersulfation not only affects the properties of hyaline cartilage, but can also lead to unbalanced bone modeling and remodeling activities, demonstrating the importance of proteoglycan sulfation in bone homeostasis.
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Key Words
- ber, bone elongation rate
- bfr, bone formation rate
- bmc, bone mineral content
- bmd, bone mineral density
- brdu, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine
- ctx, c-terminal telopeptides of type i collagen
- dexa, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry
- dls/bs, double labeled surface per bone surface
- dpd, deoxypyridinoline
- dtd, diastrophic dysplasia
- dtdst, diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter
- fcs, fetal calf serum
- mar, mineral apposition rate
- m-csf, macrophage colony-stimulating factor
- p, postnatal day
- pbs, phosphate buffer saline
- pth, parathyroid hormone
- rank-l, receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-b ligand
- slc26a2, solute carrier family 26 member 2
- trap, tartrate resistant acid phosphatase
- diastrophic dysplasia
- proteoglycan
- bone histomorphometry
- animal models
- osteoclasts
- osteoblasts
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedetta Gualeni
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | | | - Fabio De Leonardis
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Marco Franchi
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Monti
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Antonella Forlino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Pascal Houillier
- Department of Physiology, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
| | - Antonio Rossi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Section of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Corresponding author at: Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare, Sezione di Biochimica “Alessandro Castellani”, Via Taramelli, 3/B, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. Fax: + 39 0382 423108.
| | - Valerie Geoffroy
- INSERM U606, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Paris, France
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Bai JPF, Alekseyenko AV, Statnikov A, Wang IM, Wong PH. Strategic applications of gene expression: from drug discovery/development to bedside. AAPS J 2013; 15:427-37. [PMID: 23319288 PMCID: PMC3675744 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-012-9447-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Gene expression is useful for identifying the molecular signature of a disease and for correlating a pharmacodynamic marker with the dose-dependent cellular responses to exposure of a drug. Gene expression offers utility to guide drug discovery by illustrating engagement of the desired cellular pathways/networks, as well as avoidance of acting on the toxicological pathways. Successful employment of gene-expression signatures in the later stages of drug development depends on their linkage to clinically meaningful phenotypic characteristics and requires a biologically meaningful mechanism combined with a stringent statistical rigor. Much of the success in clinical drug development is hinged on predefining the signature genes for their fitness for purposes of application. Specific examples are highlighted to illustrate the breadth and depth of the potential utility of gene-expression signatures in drug discovery and clinical development to targeted therapeutics at the bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane P F Bai
- Office of Clinical Pharmacology, Office of Translational Science, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, US Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA.
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Groma G, Xin W, Grskovic I, Niehoff A, Brachvogel B, Paulsson M, Zaucke F. Abnormal bone quality in cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and matrilin 3 double-deficient mice caused by increased tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 deposition and delayed aggrecan degradation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 64:2644-54. [PMID: 22378539 DOI: 10.1002/art.34435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrilin 3 are extracellular matrix proteins that are abundant in cartilage. As adaptor molecules, both proteins bridge and stabilize macromolecular networks consisting of fibrillar collagens and proteoglycans. Mutations in the genes coding for COMP and matrilin 3 have been linked to human chondrodysplasias, while in mice, deficiency in COMP or matrilin 3 does not cause any pronounced skeletal abnormalities. Given the similar functions of COMP and matrilin 3 in the assembly and stabilization of the extracellular matrix, our aim was to determine whether these proteins could functionally compensate for each other. METHODS To assess this putative redundancy of COMP and matrilin 3, we generated COMP/matrilin 3 double-deficient mice and performed an in-depth analysis of their skeletal development. RESULTS At the newborn stage, the overall skeletal morphology of the double mutants was normal, but at 1 month of age, the long bones were shortened and the total body length reduced. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography revealed increased metaphyseal trabecular bone mineral density in the femora. Moreover, the degradation of aggrecan in the cartilage remnants in the metaphyseal trabecular bone was delayed, paralleled by increased deposition of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 3 (TIMP-3). The structure and morphology of the growth plate were grossly normal, but in the center, focal closures were observed, a phenotype very similar to that described in matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP-13)-deficient mice. CONCLUSION We propose that a lack of COMP and matrilin 3 leads to increased deposition of TIMP-3, which causes partial inactivation of MMPs, including MMP-13, a mechanism that would explain the similarities in phenotype between COMP/matrilin 3 double-deficient and MMP-13-deficient mice.
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Hamann N, Zaucke F, Dayakli M, Brüggemann GP, Niehoff A. Growth-related structural, biochemical, and mechanical properties of the functional bone-cartilage unit. J Anat 2012; 222:248-59. [PMID: 23083449 DOI: 10.1111/joa.12003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Articular cartilage and subchondral bone act together, forming a unit as a weight-bearing loading-transmitting surface. A close interaction between both structures has been implicated during joint cartilage degeneration, but their coupling during normal growth and development is insufficiently understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine growth-related changes of cartilage mechanical properties and to relate these changes to alterations in cartilage biochemical composition and subchondral bone structure. Tibiae and femora of both hindlimbs from 7- and 13-week-old (each n = 12) female Sprague-Dawley rats were harvested. Samples were processed for structural, biochemical and mechanical analyses. Immunohistochemical staining and protein expression analyses of collagen II, collagen IX, COMP and matrilin-3, histomorphometry of cartilage thickness and COMP staining height were performed. Furthermore, mechanical testing of articular cartilage and micro-CT analysis of subchondral bone was conducted. Growth decreased cartilage thickness, paralleled by a functional condensation of the underlying subchondral bone due to enchondral ossification. Cartilage mechanical properties seem to be rather influenced by growth-related changes in the assembly of major ECM proteins such as collagen II, collagen IX and matrilin-3 than by growth-related alterations in its underlying subchondral bone structure. Importantly, the present study provides a first insight into the growth-related structural, biochemical and mechanical interaction of articular cartilage and subchondral bone. Finally, these data contribute to the general knowledge about the cooperation between the articular cartilage and subchondral bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Hamann
- Institute of Biomechanics and Orthopaedics, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
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Jayasuriya CT, Goldring MB, Terek R, Chen Q. Matrilin-3 induction of IL-1 receptor antagonist is required for up-regulating collagen II and aggrecan and down-regulating ADAMTS-5 gene expression. Arthritis Res Ther 2012; 14:R197. [PMID: 22967398 PMCID: PMC3580507 DOI: 10.1186/ar4033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Deletion or mutation of the gene encoding the cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) protein matrilin-3 (MATN3) results in the early onset of osteoarthritis (OA), suggesting chondroprotective properties of MATN3. To understand the mechanisms underlying these properties, we determined the effects of MATN3 protein on the expression of several key anabolic and catabolic genes involved in chondrocyte homeostasis, and the dependence of such regulation on the anti-inflammatory cytokine: IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra). Methods The effects of recombinant human (rh) MATN3 protein were examined in C28/I2 immortalized human chondrocytes, primary human chondrocytes (PHCs), and primary mouse chondrocytes (PMCs). Messenger RNA levels of IL-1Ra, COL2A1, ACAN, MMP-13, and ADAMTS-4 and -5 were determined using real-time RT-PCR. Knocking down IL-1Ra was achieved by siRNA gene silencing. IL-1Ra protein levels were quantified by ELISA and the Bio-Plex Suspension Array System. COL2A1 protein level was quantified using Western blot analysis. Statistic analysis was done using the two-tailed t-test or one-way ANOVA. Results rhMATN3 protein induced gene expression of IL-1Ra in C28/I2 cells, PHCs, and PMCs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of C28/I2 cells and PHCs with MATN3 protein stimulated gene expression of COL2A1 and ACAN. Conversely, mRNA levels of COL2A1 and ACAN were decreased in MATN3 KO mice. MATN3 protein treatment inhibited IL-1β-induced MMP-13, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5 in C28/I2 cells and PHCs. Knocking down IL-1Ra abolished the MATN3-mediated stimulation of COL2A1 and ACAN and inhibition of ADAMTS-5, but had no effect on MATN3 inhibition of MMP-13 mRNA. Conclusion Our findings point to a novel regulatory role of MATN3 in cartilage homeostasis due to its capacity to induce IL-1Ra, to upregulate gene expression of the major cartilage matrix components, and to downregulate the expression of OA-associated matrix-degrading proteinases in chondrocytes. The chondroprotective properties of endogenous MATN3 depend partly on its induction of IL-1Ra. Our findings raise a possibility to use rhMATN3 protein for anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective therapy.
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Gu J, Rong J, Guan F, Jiang L, Tao S, Guan G, Tao T. MATN3 gene polymorphism is associated with osteoarthritis in Chinese Han population: a community-based case-control study. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:656084. [PMID: 22973175 PMCID: PMC3432353 DOI: 10.1100/2012/656084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 08/01/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. The matrilin, especially matrilin-3 (MATN3), are reported to play important roles in the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). To explore the relationship between MATN3 SNP6 (rs8176070) and primary OA, we conducted a community-based case-control study. Methods. A total of 732 community residents aged 40–84 years participated in the community-based study in Northeast China. After taking physical and radiographic examinations, 420 of the residents were diagnosed OA (216 women and 204 men). The other 312 individuals without any symptoms of osteoarthritis or signs in the radiographs (156 women and 156 men) were considered as healthy controls. After obtaining the DNA of case and control groups, genotypes of the MATN3 SNP6 were determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. The numbers of patients with different OA subtypes were also calculated. Results. The distribution of genotypes and alleles of the MATN3 SNP6 between OA patients and controls was different significantly. The BB carrier tends to be associated with the increased osteoarthritis (P = 0.025, OR = 1.724, 95% CI = 1.071–2.77), especially the knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.021, OR = 2.402, 95% CI = 1.141–5.060) and lumber osteoarthritis (P = 0.020, OR = 1.880, 95% CI = 1.103–3.204). Bb carrier increased hand osteoarthritis risk (P = 0.002, OR = 5.380, 95% CI = 1.828–15.835). The B allele might have an effect on the increased knee osteoarthritis (P = 0.000, OR = 3.143, 95% CI = 2.283–4.328). Conclusion. These findings suggest that the MATN3 gene polymorphism might be associated with osteoarthritis in the Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaao Gu
- Department of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150086, China
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Vincourt JB, Etienne S, Grossin L, Cottet J, Bantsimba-Malanda C, Netter P, Mainard D, Libante V, Gillet P, Magdalou J. Matrilin-3 switches from anti- to pro-anabolic upon integration to the extracellular matrix. Matrix Biol 2012; 31:290-8. [PMID: 22521401 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2012.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2012] [Revised: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has long been viewed primarily as an organized network of solid-phase ligands for integrin receptors. During degenerative processes, such as osteoarthritis, the ECM undergoes deterioration, resulting in its remodeling and in the release of some of its components. Matrilin-3 (MATN3) is an almost cartilage specific, pericellular protein acting in the assembly of the ECM of chondrocytes. In the past, MATN3 was found required for cartilage homeostasis, but also involved in osteoarthritis-related pro-catabolic functions. Here, to better understand the pathological and physiological functions of MATN3, its concentration as a circulating protein in articular fluids of human osteoarthritic patients was determined and its functions as a recombinant protein produced in human cells were investigated with particular emphasis on the physical state under which it is presented to chondrocytes. MATN3 down-regulated cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and up-regulated catabolism when administered as a soluble protein. When artificially immobilized, however, MATN3 induced chondrocyte adhesion via a α5β1 integrin-dependent mechanism, AKT activation and favored survival and ECM synthesis. Furthermore, MATN3 bound directly to isolated α5β1 integrin in vitro. TGFβ1 stimulation of chondrocytes allowed integration of exogenous MATN3 into their ECM and ECM-integrated MATN3 induced AKT phosphorylation and improved ECM synthesis and accumulation. In conclusion, the integration of MATN3 to the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes critically determines the direction toward which MATN3 regulates cartilage metabolism. These data explain how MATN3 plays either beneficial or detrimental functions in cartilage and highlight the important role played by the physical state of ECM molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Vincourt
- UMR 7561 CNRS-Université de Lorraine, Faculté de Médecine, 9, Avenue de la Forêt de Haye, BP 184, 54505 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Zhao J, Xia W, Nie M, Zheng X, Wang Q, Wang X, Wang W, Ning Z, Huang W, Jiang Y, Li M, Wang O, Xing X, Sun Y, Luo L, He S, Yu W, Lin Q, Pei Y, Zhang F, Han Y, Tong Y, Che Y, Shen R, Hu Y, Zhou X, Chen Q, Xu L. A haplotype of MATN3 is associated with vertebral fracture in Chinese postmenopausal women: Peking Vertebral Fracture (PK-VF) study. Bone 2012; 50:917-24. [PMID: 22270056 PMCID: PMC6122846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2012.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 01/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Matrilin3 gene (MATN3) encodes an extracellular matrix protein, which modulates chondrocyte differentiation. The aim of this study was to test for association of MATN3 polymorphisms with bone mineral density (BMD), fracture, vertebral fracture, bone turnover or 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in postmenopausal women. A community-based population of 1488 postmenopausal women was randomly selected in Beijing. The history of fracture and vertebral fracture was obtained via questionnaire and vertebral X-ray respectively. BMD of lumbar spine (2-4), femoral neck and total hip were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum N-terminal procollagen of type 1 collagen (P1NP), β-isomerized type I collagen C-telopeptide breakdown products (β-CTX) and 25(OH)D were quantified. Binary logistic regression revealed that Haplotype-4 was significantly associated with vertebral fracture risk in both additive model (p=0.023, OR=1.521) and dominant model (p=0.028, OR=1.623). The significance remained after 10,000 permutation tests to correct multiple testing (p=0.042). Re-selected age matched vertebral fracture case-control groups revealed similar associations in additive model (p=0.014, OR=1.927, 95%CI=1.142-3.253) and in dominant model (p=0.011, OR=2.231, 95%CI=1.200-4.148). However, no significant association was found between MATN3 polymorphisms and serum β-CTX, P1NP, 25(OH)D levels, or BMD. In linear regression, Haplotype-2 approached marginal significance in association with femoral neck BMD T-score (p=0.050), but this would account for only 0.2% of BMD variation in our sample. This study suggests that Haplotype-4 of MATN3 is associated with vertebral fracture risk independent of BMD in Chinese postmenopausal women. Efforts should be made to replicate our finding in other, similar and ethnically diverse, populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Weibo Xia
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
- Corresponding author. Fax: +86 10 6529 5358., (W. Xia)
| | - Min Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing 102401, China
| | - Xiran Wang
- Department of Cadre Unit, General Hospital of the Second Artillery Force, Beijing 100088, China
| | - Wenbo Wang
- Department Endocrinology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Zhiwei Ning
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yan Jiang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Mei Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ou Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xiaoping Xing
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yue Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Lianmei Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Shuli He
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qiang Lin
- Department of Radiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Yu Pei
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Liangxiang Hospital, Beijing 102401, China
| | - Youxia Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Haidian Hospital, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yanmin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Beijing 100068, China
| | - Ying Che
- Department Endocrinology, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
| | - Ruixin Shen
- Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yingying Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Xueying Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Key Laboratory of Endocrinology, Ministry of Health, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, USA
| | - Ling Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, China
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van der Kraan PM, van den Berg WB. Chondrocyte hypertrophy and osteoarthritis: role in initiation and progression of cartilage degeneration? Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2012; 20:223-32. [PMID: 22178514 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 468] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 11/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/04/2011] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the literature on the role and regulation of chondrocyte terminal differentiation (hypertrophy-like changes) in osteoarthritis (OA) and to integrate this in a conceptual model of primary OA development. METHODS Papers investigating chondrocyte terminal differentiation in human OA cartilage and experimental models of OA were recapitulated and discussed. Focus has been on the occurrence of hypertrophy-like changes in chondrocytes and the factors described to play a role in regulation of chondrocyte hypertrophy-like changes in OA. RESULTS Chondrocyte hypertrophy-like changes are reported in both human OA and experimental OA models by most investigators. These changes play a crucial part in the OA disease process by protease-mediated cartilage degradation. We propose that altered chondrocyte behavior and concomitant cartilage degradation result in a disease-amplifying loop, leading to a mixture of disease stages and cellular responses within an OA joint. CONCLUSION Chondrocyte hypertrophy-like changes play a role in early and late stage OA. Since not all cells in an OA joint are synchronized, inhibition of hypertrophy-like changes might be a therapeutic target to slow down further OA progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M van der Kraan
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboud University, Medical Centre, Geert Grooteplein 28, 6525 Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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50
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Xu L, Polur I, Servais JM, Hsieh S, Lee PL, Goldring MB, Li Y. Intact pericellular matrix of articular cartilage is required for unactivated discoidin domain receptor 2 in the mouse model. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 179:1338-46. [PMID: 21855682 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2011.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2010] [Revised: 04/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased expression of the discoidin domain receptor 2 (DDR2) results from its interaction with collagen type II. This induces expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13, leading to osteoarthritis (OA). To investigate the impact of the pericellular matrix of chondrocytes on DDR2, we generated a mouse model with inducible overexpression of DDR2 in cartilage. Conditional overexpression of DDR2 in mature mouse articular cartilage was controlled via the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein promoter using the Tet-Off-inducible system. Doxycycline was withdrawn at 1 month of age, and knee joints were examined at 2, 3, and 4 months of age. Microsurgery was performed on 3-month-old transgenic mice overexpressing DDR2 to destabilize the medial meniscus, and serial paraffin sections were examined at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. DDR2 expression increased in the knee joints of transgenic mice. However, the increased DDR2 did not induce MMP-13 expression. No OA-like changes were observed in the transgenic mice at the age of 4 months. When transgenic mice were subjected to destabilizing of the medial meniscus, we observed accelerated progression to OA, which was associated with DDR2 activation. Therefore, conditionally overexpressing DDR2 in the mature articular cartilage of mouse knee joints requires activation to induce OA, and altered biomechanical stress can accelerate the onset of cartilage loss and progression to OA in transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Department of Developmental Biology, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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