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Gatius S, Jove M, Megino-Luque C, Albertí-Valls M, Yeramian A, Bonifaci N, Piñol M, Santacana M, Pradas I, Llobet-Navas D, Pamplona R, Matías-Guiu X, Eritja N. Metabolomic Analysis Points to Bioactive Lipid Species and Acireductone Dioxygenase 1 (ADI1) as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Poor Prognosis Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14122842. [PMID: 35740505 PMCID: PMC9220847 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14122842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Uterine serous carcinoma is considered a rare and aggressive variant of endometrial cancer that accounts for 10% of all endometrial cancers diagnosed but is responsible for 40% of endometrial cancer-related deaths. Unfortunately, current treatments for serous endometrial carcinoma are ineffective. Therefore, there is a need to find new therapeutic targets. The aim of this study was to analyse the metabolic profile of serous cancer in order to identify new molecules and thereby define potential therapeutic targets. We observed that most of the differential metabolites are lipid species (suggesting the important role of the lipid metabolism). In addition, we found an increase in 2-Oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid (synthesised by the ADI1 enzyme) in serous carcinomas. Using public database analysis and immunohistochemistry, we established a correlation between elevated ADI1 levels and serous carcinoma. Furthermore, the ectopic modification of ADI1 expression in vitro revealed the ability of ADI1 to induce pathological cell migration and invasion capabilities. Abstract Metabolomic profiling analysis has the potential to highlight new molecules and cellular pathways that may serve as potential therapeutic targets for disease treatment. In this study, we used an LC-MS/MS platform to define, for the first time, the specific metabolomic signature of uterine serous carcinoma (SC), a relatively rare and aggressive variant of endometrial cancer (EC) responsible for 40% of all endometrial cancer-related deaths. A metabolomic analysis of 31 ECs (20 endometrial endometrioid carcinomas (EECs) and 11 SCs) was performed. Following multivariate statistical analysis, we identified 232 statistically different metabolites among the SC and EEC patient samples. Notably, most of the metabolites identified (89.2%) were lipid species and showed lower levels in SCs when compared to EECs. In addition to lipids, we also documented metabolites belonging to amino acids and purine nucleotides (such as 2-Oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid, synthesised by acireductone dioxygenase 1 (ADI1) enzyme), which showed higher levels in SCs. To further investigate the role of ADI1 in SC, we analysed the expression protein levels of ADI1 in 96 ECs (67 EECs and 29 SCs), proving that the levels of ADI1 were higher in SCs compared to EECs. We also found that ADI1 mRNA levels were higher in p53 abnormal ECs compared to p53 wild type tumours. Furthermore, elevated ADI1 mRNA levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with overall survival and progression-free survival among EEC patients. Finally, we tested the ability of ADI1 to induce migration and invasion capabilities in EC cell lines. Altogether, these results suggest that ADI1 could be a potential therapeutic target in poor-prognosis SCs and other Ecs with abnormal p53 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sònia Gatius
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (N.E.); Tel.: +34-97370-5312 (S.G.); +34-97300-3750 (N.E.)
| | - Mariona Jove
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.J.); (I.P.); (R.P.)
| | - Cristina Megino-Luque
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
| | - Manel Albertí-Valls
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
| | - Nuria Bonifaci
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
| | - Miquel Piñol
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Maria Santacana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
- Scientific and Technical Service of Immunohistochemistry, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | - Irene Pradas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.J.); (I.P.); (R.P.)
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Gran via De l’Hospitalet 199, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Reinald Pamplona
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (M.J.); (I.P.); (R.P.)
| | - Xavier Matías-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (C.M.-L.); (M.A.-V.); (A.Y.); (N.B.); (M.P.); (X.M.-G.)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Gran via De l’Hospitalet 199, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, University of Barcelona, Av. Gran via de l’Hospitalet 199, 08908 L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Monforte de Lemos 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain; (M.S.); (D.L.-N.)
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, Av. Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.G.); (N.E.); Tel.: +34-97370-5312 (S.G.); +34-97300-3750 (N.E.)
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CSNK2B contributes to colorectal cancer cell proliferation by activating the mTOR signaling. J Cell Commun Signal 2021; 15:383-392. [PMID: 33928514 PMCID: PMC8222461 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-021-00619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of Casein kinase 2 beta (CSNK2B) in human malignancies has drawn increasing attention in recent years. However, its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to explore the expression and biological functions of CSNK2B in CRC. Public gene expression microarray data from online database and immunohistochemistry analysis demonstrated that CSNK2B was highly expressed in CRC tissues than in normal tissues. In vitro and in vivo cellular functional experiments showed that increased CSNK2B expression promoted CRC cell viability and tumorigenesis of CRC. Further western blots and rescue experiments confirmed that CSNK2B promoted CRC cell proliferation mainly by activating the mTOR signaling pathway. These findings identified CSNK2B as a novel oncogene contributing to the development of CRC.
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Husain K, Williamson TT, Nelson N, Ghansah T. Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer. Immunol Med 2020; 44:159-174. [PMID: 33164702 DOI: 10.1080/25785826.2020.1843267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2, formally known as casein kinase II, is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine or tyrosine kinase enzyme that regulates diverse signaling pathways responsible for cellular processes (i.e., cell proliferation and apoptosis) via interactions with over 500 known substrates. The enzyme's physiological interactions and cellular functions have been widely studied, most notably in the blood and solid malignancies. CK2 has intrinsic role in carcinogenesis as overexpression of CK2 subunits (α, α`, and β) and deregulation of its activity have been linked to various forms of cancers. CK2 also has extrinsic role in cancer stroma or in the tumor microenvironment (TME) including the immune cells. However, very few research studies have focused on extrinsic role of CK2 in regulating immune responses as a therapeutic alternative for cancer. The following review discusses CK2's regulation of key signaling events [Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1α), Cyclooygenase-2 (COX-2), Extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), Notch, Protein kinase B/AKT, Ikaros and Wnt] that can influence the development and function of immune cells in cancer. Potential clinical trials using potent CK2 inhibitors will facilitate and improve the treatment of human malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazim Husain
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tanika T Williamson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nadine Nelson
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Tomar Ghansah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
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Chen T, Chen J, Zhu Y, Li Y, Wang Y, Chen H, Wang J, Li X, Liu Y, Li B, Sun X, Ke Y. CD163, a novel therapeutic target, regulates the proliferation and stemness of glioma cells via casein kinase 2. Oncogene 2018; 38:1183-1199. [PMID: 30258108 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0515-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is a devastating cancer with a dismal prognosis and there is an urgent need to discover novel glioma-specific antigens for glioma therapy. Previous studies have identified CD163-positive tumour cells in certain solid tumours, but CD163 expression in glioma remains unknown. In this study, via an analysis of public datasets, we demonstrated that CD163 overexpression in glioma specimens correlated with an unfavourable patient prognosis. CD163 expression was increased in glioma cells, especially primary glioma cells. The loss of CD163 expression inhibited both cell cycle progression and the proliferation of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cell lines and primary glioma cells. CD163 interacted directly with casein kinase 2 (CK2) and CD163 silencing reduced AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin/cyclin D1 pathway activity via CK2. Moreover, CD163 was upregulated in CD133-positive glioma stem cells (GSCs), and CD163 downregulation decreased the expression of GSC markers, including CD133, ALDH1A1, NANOG and OCT4. The knockdown of CD163 impaired GSC stemness by inhibiting the CK2/AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin pathway. Finally, a CD163 antibody successfully induced complement-dependent cytotoxicity against glioma cells. Our findings indicate that CD163 contributes to gliomagenesis via CK2 and provides preclinical evidence that CD163 and the CD163 pathway might serve as a therapeutic target for glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taoliang Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansheng Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yubo Zhu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Wang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 830054, Urumqi, China
| | - Huajian Chen
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jihui Wang
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baisheng Li
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Huizhou Central People's Hospital, 516001, Huizhou, China
| | - Xinlin Sun
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Yiquan Ke
- The National Key Clinical Specialty, The Engineering Technology Research Center of Education Ministry of China, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory on Brain Function Repair and Regeneration, Department of Neurosurgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 510282, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhou W, Quan JH, Gao FF, Ismail HAHA, Lee YH, Cha GH. Modulated Gene Expression of Toxoplasma gondii Infected Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Line (ARPE-19) via PI3K/Akt or mTOR Signal Pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2018; 56:135-145. [PMID: 29742868 PMCID: PMC5976016 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.2.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Due to the critical location and physiological activities of the retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell, it is constantly subjected to contact with various infectious agents and inflammatory mediators. However, little is known about the signaling events in RPE involved in Toxoplasma gondii infection and development. The aim of the study is to screen the host mRNA transcriptional change of 3 inflammation-related gene categories, PI3K/Akt pathway regulatory components, blood vessel development factors and ROS regulators, to prove that PI3K/Akt or mTOR signaling pathway play an essential role in regulating the selected inflammation-related genes. The selected genes include PH domain and leucine- rich-repeat protein phosphatases (PHLPP), casein kinase2 (CK2), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1). Using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), we found that T. gondii up-regulates PHLPP2, CK2β, VEGF, GCL, GST, and NQO1 gene expression levels, but down-regulates PHLPP1 and PEDF mRNA transcription levels. PI3K inhibition and mTOR inhibition by specific inhibitors showed that most of these host gene expression patterns were due to activation of PI3K/Akt or mTOR pathways with some exceptional cases. Taken together, our results reveal a new molecular mechanism of these gene expression change dependent on PI3K/Akt or mTOR pathways and highlight more systematical insight of how an intracellular T. gondii can manipulate host genes to avoid host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Institute of Immunology, Taishan Medical College, Tai'an 271-000, Shandong, China.,Department of Medical Science & Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Juan-Hua Quan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524-001, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Fei Gao
- Department of Medical Science & Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | | | - Young-Ha Lee
- Department of Medical Science & Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Guang-Ho Cha
- Department of Medical Science & Infection Biology, Chungnam National University, School of Medicine, Daejeon 34134, Korea
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Tilli TM, Carels N, Tuszynski JA, Pasdar M. Validation of a network-based strategy for the optimization of combinatorial target selection in breast cancer therapy: siRNA knockdown of network targets in MDA-MB-231 cells as an in vitro model for inhibition of tumor development. Oncotarget 2018; 7:63189-63203. [PMID: 27527857 PMCID: PMC5325356 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Network-based strategies provided by systems biology are attractive tools for cancer therapy. Modulation of cancer networks by anticancer drugs may alter the response of malignant cells and/or drive network re-organization into the inhibition of cancer progression. Previously, using systems biology approach and cancer signaling networks, we identified top-5 highly expressed and connected proteins (HSP90AB1, CSNK2B, TK1, YWHAB and VIM) in the invasive MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. Here, we have knocked down the expression of these proteins, individually or together using siRNAs. The transfected cell lines were assessed for in vitro cell growth, colony formation, migration and invasion relative to control transfected MDA-MB-231, the non-invasive MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line and the non-tumoral mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A. The knockdown of the top-5 upregulated connectivity hubs successfully inhibited the in vitro proliferation, colony formation, anchorage independence, migration and invasion in MDA-MB-231 cells; with minimal effects in the control transfected MDA-MB-231 cells or MCF-7 and MCF-10A cells. The in vitro validation of bioinformatics predictions regarding optimized multi-target selection for therapy suggests that protein expression levels together with protein-protein interaction network analysis may provide an optimized combinatorial target selection for a highly effective anti-metastatic precision therapy in triple-negative breast cancer. This approach increases the ability to identify not only druggable hubs as essential targets for cancer survival, but also interactions most susceptible to synergistic drug action. The data provided in this report constitute a preliminary step toward the personalized clinical application of our strategy to optimize the therapeutic use of anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana M Tilli
- Laboratory of Biological System Modeling, National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nicolas Carels
- Laboratory of Biological System Modeling, National Institute for Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Diseases (INCT/IDN), Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jack A Tuszynski
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Physics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Manijeh Pasdar
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Vilardell J, Alcaraz E, Sarró E, Trilla E, Cuadros T, de Torres I, Plana M, Ramón Y Cajal S, Pinna LA, Ruzzene M, Morote J, Meseguer A, Itarte E. Under-expression of CK2β subunit in ccRCC represents a complementary biomarker of p-STAT3 Ser727 that correlates with patient survival. Oncotarget 2017; 9:5736-5751. [PMID: 29464030 PMCID: PMC5814170 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common and aggressive subtype of renal cancer. STAT3 pathway is altered in these tumors and p-STAT3 Ser727 is an independent prognostic factor for ccRCC. Protein kinase CK2 is altered in different types of tumors and overexpression of CK2α is considered predictive of bad prognosis and metastatic risk. CK2 subunits analyses in ccRCC samples showed increased CK2α/α’ nuclear content in all cases, but decreased cytosolic CK2β (CK2βcyt) levels in the more advanced tumors. Stable downregulation of CK2β in renal proximal tubular (HK-2) and clear cell adenocarcinoma (786-O) cells triggered changes in E-cadherin, vimentin and Snail1 protein levels indicative of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and increased HIF-α. Moreover, CK2β was required in order to observe STAT3 Ser727 phosphorylation in HK-2 but not in 786-O cells. We also observed that CK2β improved the prognostic value of p-STAT3 Ser727, as CK2βcyt>41 (median value) discriminates patients free of disease for a period of 10 years upon surgery, from those with CK2βcyt<41, when p-STAT3 Ser727levels are low. We conclude that CK2β down-regulation might represent a mechanism to support EMT and angiogenesis and that CK2βcyt levels are instrumental to refine prognosis of ccRCC patients with low p-STAT3 Ser727 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Vilardell
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estefania Alcaraz
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Eduard Sarró
- Fisiopatología Renal, CIBBIM, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Enric Trilla
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Thaïs Cuadros
- Fisiopatología Renal, CIBBIM, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inés de Torres
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Plana
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Santiago Ramón Y Cajal
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain.,Spanish Biomedical Research Network Centre in Oncology (CIBERONC), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lorenzo A Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Maria Ruzzene
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and CNR Institute of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Juan Morote
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Meseguer
- Fisiopatología Renal, CIBBIM, VHIR, Barcelona, Spain.,Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Fundación Renal Íñigo Álvarez de Toledo, Madrid, Spain.,Red de Investigación Renal (REDINREN), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emilio Itarte
- Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Unitat de Bioquímica, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Madrid, Spain
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A computational strategy to select optimized protein targets for drug development toward the control of cancer diseases. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0115054. [PMID: 25625699 PMCID: PMC4308075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In this report, we describe a strategy for the optimized selection of protein targets suitable for drug development against neoplastic diseases taking the particular case of breast cancer as an example. We combined human interactome and transcriptome data from malignant and control cell lines because highly connected proteins that are up-regulated in malignant cell lines are expected to be suitable protein targets for chemotherapy with a lower rate of undesirable side effects. We normalized transcriptome data and applied a statistic treatment to objectively extract the sub-networks of down- and up-regulated genes whose proteins effectively interact. We chose the most connected ones that act as protein hubs, most being in the signaling network. We show that the protein targets effectively identified by the combination of protein connectivity and differential expression are known as suitable targets for the successful chemotherapy of breast cancer. Interestingly, we found additional proteins, not generally targeted by drug treatments, which might justify the extension of existing formulation by addition of inhibitors designed against these proteins with the consequence of improving therapeutic outcomes. The molecular alterations observed in breast cancer cell lines represent either driver events and/or driver pathways that are necessary for breast cancer development or progression. However, it is clear that signaling mechanisms of the luminal A, B and triple negative subtypes are different. Furthermore, the up- and down-regulated networks predicted subtype-specific drug targets and possible compensation circuits between up- and down-regulated genes. We believe these results may have significant clinical implications in the personalized treatment of cancer patients allowing an objective approach to the recycling of the arsenal of available drugs to the specific case of each breast cancer given their distinct qualitative and quantitative molecular traits.
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9
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Lussier MP, Gu X, Lu W, Roche KW. Casein kinase 2 phosphorylates GluA1 and regulates its surface expression. Eur J Neurosci 2014; 39:1148-58. [PMID: 24712994 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the density of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs) at synapses is essential for regulating the strength of excitatory neurotransmission. In particular, the phosphorylation of AMPARs is important for defining both synaptic expression and intracellular routing of receptors. Phosphorylation is a post-translational modification known to regulate many cellular events and the C-termini of glutamate receptors are important targets. Recently, the first intracellular loop1 region of the GluA1 subunit of AMPARs was reported to regulate synaptic targeting through phosphorylation of S567 by Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII). Intriguingly, the loop1 region of all four AMPAR subunits contains many putative phosphorylation sites (S/T/Y), leaving the possibility that other kinases may regulate AMPAR surface expression via phosphorylation of the loop regions. To explore this hypothesis, we used in vitro phosphorylation assays with a small panel of purified kinases and found that casein kinase 2 (CK2) phosphorylates the GluA1 and GluA2 loop1 regions, but not GluA3 or GluA4. Interestingly, when we reduced the endogenous expression of CK2 using a specific short hairpin RNA against the regulatory subunit CK2β, we detected a reduction of GluA1 surface expression, whereas GluA2 was unchanged. Furthermore, we identified S579 of GluA1 as a substrate of CK2, and the expression of GluA1 phosphodeficient mutants in hippocampal neurons displayed reduced surface expression. Therefore, our study identifies CK2 as a regulator of GluA1 surface expression by phosphorylating the intracellular loop1 region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc P Lussier
- Receptor Biology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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10
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Xu W, Yang Z, Zhou SF, Lu N. Posttranslational regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and its functional impact on cancer behaviors. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2014; 8:1745-51. [PMID: 25336918 PMCID: PMC4199979 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s71061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of cancer is increasing worldwide, but the biochemical mechanisms for the occurrence of cancer is not fully understood, and there is no cure for advanced tumors. Defects of posttranslational modifications of proteins are linked to a number of important diseases, such as cancer. This review will update our knowledge on the critical role of posttranscriptional regulation of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) and its activities and the functional impact on cancer behaviors. PTEN is a tumor suppressor gene that occupies a key position in regulating cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, mobility, signal transduction, and other crucial cellular processes. The activity and function of PTEN are regulated by coordinated epigenetic, transcriptional, posttranscriptional, and posttranslational modifications. In particular, PTEN is subject to phosphorylation, ubiquitylation, somoylation, acetylation, and active site oxidation. Posttranslational modifications of PTEN can dynamically change its activity and function. Deficiency in the posttranslational regulation of PTEN leads to abnormal cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and adhesion, which are associated with cancer initiation, progression, and metastasis. With increasing information on how PTEN is regulated by multiple mechanisms and networked proteins, its exact role in cancer initiation, growth, and metastasis will be revealed. PTEN and its functionally related proteins may represent useful targets for the discovery of new anticancer drugs, and gene therapy and the therapeutic potentials should be fully explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Feng Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nonghua Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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11
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Aissani B, Boehme AK, Wiener HW, Shrestha S, Jacobson LP, Kaslow RA. SNP screening of central MHC-identified HLA-DMB as a candidate susceptibility gene for HIV-related Kaposi's sarcoma. Genes Immun 2014; 15:424-9. [PMID: 25008864 PMCID: PMC4174341 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2014.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region on chromosome 6p21.3 is suspected to host susceptibility loci for HIV-related Kaposi’s sarcoma (HIV-KS). A nested case-control study in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study was designed to conduct fine genetic association mapping across central MHC. Individuals co-infected with HIV-1 and HHV-8 who later developed KS were defined as cases (n=354) and were matched 1:1 with co-infected KS-free controls. We report data for new independent MHC class II and III susceptibility loci. In particular, class II HLA-DMB emerged as a strong candidate, with the intronic variant rs6902982 A>G associated with a 4-fold increase of risk (OR= 4.09; 95% CI: 1.90–8.80; p= 0.0003). A striking multiplicative effect on the estimated risk was associated with further carriage of two non-synonymous variants, rs1800453 A>G (Asp697Gly) and rs4148880 A>G (Ile393Val), in the linked TAP1 gene (OR=10.5; 95% CI: 2.54–43.6; p=0.0012). The class III susceptibility variant is moderately associated with HIV-KS and lies within a 120 Kb-long haplotype (OR=1.52; 95% CI: 1.01–2.28; p=0.047) formed by rs7029 A>G (GPANK1 3’UTR), rs1065356 G>A (LY6G6C), rs3749953 A>G (MSH5-SAPCD1 readthrough) and rs707926 G>A (VARS). Our data suggest that antigen processing by MHC class II molecules is a target pathway in the pathogenesis of HIV-KS.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Aissani
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - A K Boehme
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - H W Wiener
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - S Shrestha
- Departments of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - L P Jacobson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R A Kaslow
- 1] Departments of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA [2] Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Eritja N, Mirantes C, Llobet D, Yeramian A, Bergadà L, Dosil MA, Domingo M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Long-Term Estradiol Exposure Is a Direct Mitogen for Insulin/EGF-Primed Endometrial Cells and Drives PTEN Loss-Induced Hyperplasic Growth. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:277-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Matias-Guiu X, Prat J. Molecular pathology of endometrial carcinoma. Histopathology 2013; 62:111-23. [PMID: 23240673 DOI: 10.1111/his.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review paper discusses the main molecular alterations of endometrial carcinoma, the most common cancer of the female genital tract. Two clinicopathological variants are recognized: the oestrogen-related (type I, endometrioid carcinoma) and the non-oestrogen-related (type II, non-endometrioid carcinoma). Whereas type I shows microsatellite instability and mutations in PTEN, PIK3CA, K-RAS and CTNNB1 (beta-catenin), type II exhibits TP53 mutations and chromosomal instability. Recent investigations regarding the role of non-coding RNA have provided important information regarding tumour progression. Understanding pathogenesis at the molecular level is essential for identifying biomarkers of potential use in targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain.
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14
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Xue H, Zhou S, Lu W, Zhao Z. [The targets research of non-small cell lung cancer targeted therapy]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2013; 16:107-13. [PMID: 23425904 PMCID: PMC6000387 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2013.02.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongsheng Xue
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Dalian University, Dalian 116001, China
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15
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Zhang N, Wang X, Huo Q, Li X, Wang H, Schneider P, Hu G, Yang Q. The oncogene metadherin modulates the apoptotic pathway based on the tumor necrosis factor superfamily member TRAIL (Tumor Necrosis Factor-related Apoptosis-inducing Ligand) in breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:9396-407. [PMID: 23408429 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.395913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Metadherin (MTDH), the newly discovered gene, is overexpressed in more than 40% of breast cancers. Recent studies have revealed that MTDH favors an oncogenic course and chemoresistance. With a number of breast cancer cell lines and breast tumor samples, we found that the relative expression of MTDH correlated with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) sensitivity in breast cancer. In this study, we found that knockdown of endogenous MTDH cells sensitized the MDA-MB-231 cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Conversely, stable overexpression of MTDH in MCF-7 cells enhanced cell survival with TRAIL treatment. Mechanically, MTDH down-regulated caspase-8, decreased caspase-8 recruitment into the TRAIL death-inducing signaling complex, decreased caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-2 processing, increased Bcl-2 expression, and stimulated TRAIL-induced Akt phosphorylation, without altering death receptor status. In MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells, sensitization to TRAIL upon MTDH down-regulation was inhibited by the caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-fmk (benzyloxycarbonyl-VAD-fluoromethyl ketone), suggesting that MTDH depletion stimulates activation of caspases. In MCF-7 breast cancer cells, resistance to TRAIL upon MTDH overexpression was abrogated by depletion of Bcl-2, suggesting that MTDH-induced Bcl-2 expression contributes to TRAIL resistance. We further confirmed that MTDH may control Bcl-2 expression partly by suppressing miR-16. Collectively, our results point to a protective function of MTDH against TRAIL-induced death, whereby it inhibits the intrinsic apoptosis pathway through miR-16-mediated Bcl-2 up-regulation and the extrinsic apoptosis pathway through caspase-8 down-regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Wenhua Xi Road 107, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China
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16
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Huang Y, Zhou S, Xue H, Zhao Z, Wang L. [Protein kinase CK2 and human malignant tumors]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2012; 15:439-45. [PMID: 22814265 PMCID: PMC6000077 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2012.07.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yixuan Huang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital-Dalian University, Dalian, China
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17
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Endometrial carcinoma: molecular alterations involved in tumor development and progression. Oncogene 2012; 32:403-13. [PMID: 22430211 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the western world, endometrial carcinoma (EC) is the most common cancer of the female genital tract. The annual incidence has been estimated at 10-20 per 100,000 women. Two clinicopathological variants are recognized: the estrogen related (type I, endometrioid) and the non-estrogen related (type II, non-endometrioid).The clinicopathological differences are paralleled by specific genetic alterations, with type I showing microsatellite instability and mutations in phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10, PIK3CA, K-RAS and CTNNB1 (β-catenin), and type II exhibiting TP53 mutations and chromosomal instability. Some non-endometrioid carcinomas probably arise from pre-existing endometrioid carcinomas as a result of tumor progression and, not surprisingly, some tumors exhibit combined or mixed features at the clinical, pathological and molecular levels. In EC, apoptosis resistance may have a role in tumor progression. Understanding pathogenesis at the molecular level is essential in identifying biomarkers for successful targeted therapies. In this review, the genetic changes of endometrial carcinogenesis are discussed in the light of the morphological features of the tumors and their precursors.
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Santacana M, Yeramian A, Velasco A, Bergada L, Gatius S, García V, Azueta A, Palacios J, Dolcet X, Oliva E, Matias-Guiu X. Immunohistochemical features of post-radiation vaginal recurrences of endometrioid carcinomas of the endometrium: role for proteins involved in resistance to apoptosis and hypoxia. Histopathology 2012; 60:460-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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19
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Protein kinase CK2 increases glutamatergic input in the hypothalamus and sympathetic vasomotor tone in hypertension. J Neurosci 2011; 31:8271-9. [PMID: 21632948 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1147-11.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased glutamatergic input in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is important for high sympathetic outflow in hypertension, but the associated molecular mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we determined the role of protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II) in increased N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) activity in spinally projecting PVN neurons and sympathetic vasomotor tone in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The selective CK2 inhibitors 5,6-dichloro-1-β-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DRB) or 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole (TBB) significantly decreased the frequency of miniature EPSCs (mEPSCs) of labeled PVN neurons in SHRs but not in Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats. Also, DRB abolished the inhibitory effect of the NMDAR antagonist AP5 on the frequency of mEPSCs in SHRs. Treatment with DRB or TBB significantly reduced the amplitude of evoked NMDA-EPSCs but not AMPA-EPSCs in SHRs. Furthermore, DRB significantly decreased the firing activity of PVN neurons in SHRs but not in WKY rats. The membrane protein level of CK2α in the PVN, but not brainstem and prefrontal cortex, was significantly higher in SHRs than in WKY rats. Lowering blood pressure with celiac ganglionectomy in SHRs did not alter the increased CK2α level and the effects of DRB on mEPSCs and NMDA-EPSCs. In addition, intracerebroventricular injection of DRB not only significantly reduced blood pressure and lumbar sympathetic nerve discharges but also eliminated the inhibitory effect of AP5 microinjected into the PVN on sympathetic nerve activity in SHRs. Our findings suggest that augmented CK2 activity critically contributes to increased presynaptic and postsynaptic NMDAR activity in the PVN and elevated sympathetic vasomotor tone in essential hypertension.
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20
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Ström CE, Mortusewicz O, Finch D, Parsons JL, Lagerqvist A, Johansson F, Schultz N, Erixon K, Dianov GL, Helleday T. CK2 phosphorylation of XRCC1 facilitates dissociation from DNA and single-strand break formation during base excision repair. DNA Repair (Amst) 2011; 10:961-9. [PMID: 21840775 DOI: 10.1016/j.dnarep.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2011] [Revised: 07/05/2011] [Accepted: 07/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
CK2 phosphorylates the scaffold protein XRCC1, which is required for efficient DNA single-strand break (SSB) repair. Here, we express an XRCC1 protein (XRCC1(ckm)) that cannot be phosphorylated by CK2 in XRCC1 mutated EM9 cells and show that the role of this post-translational modification gives distinct phenotypes in SSB repair and base excision repair (BER). Interestingly, we find that fewer SSBs are formed during BER after treatment with the alkylating agent dimethyl sulfate (DMS) in EM9 cells expressing XRCC1(ckm) (CKM cells) or following inhibition with the CK2 inhibitor 2-dimethylamino-4,5,6,7-tetrabromo-1H-benzimidazole (DMAT). We also show that XRCC1(ckm) protein has a higher affinity for DNA than wild type XRCC1 protein and resides in an immobile fraction on DNA, in particular after damage. We propose a model whereby the increased affinity for DNA sequesters XRCC1(ckm) and the repair enzymes associated with it, at the repair site, which retards kinetics of BER. In conclusion, our results indicate that phosphorylation of XRCC1 by CK2 facilitates the BER incision step, likely by promoting dissociation from DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia E Ström
- Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Toxicology, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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21
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Llobet D, Eritja N, Domingo M, Bergada L, Mirantes C, Santacana M, Pallares J, Macià A, Yeramian A, Encinas M, Moreno-Bueno G, Palacios J, Lewis RE, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. KSR1 is overexpressed in endometrial carcinoma and regulates proliferation and TRAIL-induced apoptosis by modulating FLIP levels. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2011; 178:1529-43. [PMID: 21435442 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2010.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway participates in many processes altered in development and progression of cancer in human beings such as proliferation, transformation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) can interact with various kinases of the Raf/MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway to enhance its activation. The role of KSR1 in endometrial carcinogenesis was investigated. cDNA and tissue microarrays demonstrated that expression of KSR1 was up-regulated in endometrial carcinoma. Furthermore, inhibition of KSR1 expression by specific small hairpin RNA resulted in reduction of both proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth properties of endometrial cancer cells. Because inhibition of apoptosis has a pivotal role in endometrial carcinogenesis, the effects of KSR1 in regulation of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis were investigated. KSR1 knock-down sensitized resistant endometrial cell lines to both TRAIL- and Fas-induced apoptosis. Sensitization to TRAIL and agonistic anti-Fas antibody was caused by down-regulation of FLIP (FLICE-inhibitory protein). Also investigated was the molecular mechanism by which KSR1 regulates FLIP protein levels. It was demonstrated that KSR1 small hairpin RNA did not affect FLIP transcription or degradation. Rather, FLIP down-regulation was caused by Fas-associated death domain protein-dependent inhibition of FLIP translation triggered after TRAIL stimulation in KSR1-silenced cells. Re-expression of heterologous KSR1 in cells with down-regulated endogenous KSR1 restored FLIP protein levels and TRAIL resistance. In conclusion, KSR1 regulates endometrial sensitivity to TRAIL by regulating FLIP levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Llobet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Departament de Ciencies Mediques Basiques, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), Lleida, Spain
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Meng X, Brachova P, Yang S, Xiong Z, Zhang Y, Thiel KW, Leslie KK. Knockdown of MTDH sensitizes endometrial cancer cells to cell death induction by death receptor ligand TRAIL and HDAC inhibitor LBH589 co-treatment. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20920. [PMID: 21687633 PMCID: PMC3110819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2010] [Accepted: 05/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the molecular underpinnings of chemoresistance is vital to design therapies to restore chemosensitivity. In particular, metadherin (MTDH) has been demonstrated to have a critical role in chemoresistance. Over-expression of MTDH correlates with poor clinical outcome in breast cancer, neuroblastoma, hepatocellular carcinoma and prostate cancer. MTDH is also highly expressed in advanced endometrial cancers, a disease for which new therapies are urgently needed. In this present study, we focused on the therapeutic benefit of MTDH depletion in endometrial cancer cells to restore sensitivity to cell death. Cells were treated with a combination of tumor necrosis factor-α-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which promotes death of malignant cells of the human reproductive tract, and histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors, which have been shown to increase the sensitivity of cancer cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Our data indicate that depletion of MTDH in endometrial cancer cells resulted in sensitization of cells that were previously resistant in response to combinatorial treatment with TRAIL and the HDAC inhibitor LBH589. MTDH knockdown reduced the proportion of cells in S and increased cell arrest in G2/M in cells treated with LBH589 alone or LBH589 in combination with TRAIL, suggesting that MTDH functions at the cell cycle checkpoint to accomplish resistance. Using microarray technology, we identified 57 downstream target genes of MTDH, including calbindin 1 and galectin-1, which may contribute to MTDH-mediated therapeutic resistance. On the other hand, in MTDH depleted cells, inhibition of PDK1 and AKT phosphorylation along with increased Bim expression and XIAP degradation correlated with enhanced sensitivity to cell death in response to TRAIL and LBH589. These findings indicate that targeting or depleting MTDH is a potentially novel avenue for reversing therapeutic resistance in patients with endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Meng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
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Kucklaender U, Bollig R, Frank W, Gratz A, Jose J. A novel application of DDQ as electrophile in the Nenitzescu reaction. Bioorg Med Chem 2011; 19:2666-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2011.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2010] [Revised: 02/24/2011] [Accepted: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang L, Fujita T, Wu G, Xiao X, Wan Y. Phosphorylation of the anaphase-promoting complex/Cdc27 is involved in TGF-beta signaling. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:10041-50. [PMID: 21209074 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.205518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of TGF-β-induced growth inhibition is a hallmark of many human tumors. Previous studies implied that activation of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/cyclosome) is involved in the TGF-β signaling pathway, which facilitates the destruction of SnoN, a transcriptional co-suppressor, which leads in turn to the transactivation of TGF-β-responsive genes for cell cycle arrest. The function of APC was demonstrated in TGF-β signal transduction, but the mechanism by which it is activated in response to TGF-β signaling remains unclear. We report here that phosphorylation of Cdc27, a core subunit of APC, in response to TGF-β signaling can facilitate the activation of APC. We have demonstrated that casein kinase II (CKII) is involved in the phosphorylation of Cdc27 in response to TGF-β signaling. Depletion of CKII by shRNA abolishes the TGF-β-induced phosphorylation of Cdc27 and subsequent degradation of SnoN. Disruptive mutation of Cdc27 (S154A) attenuates TGF-β-induced SnoN degradation. In addition, expression of a phosphorylation-resistant Cdc27 mutant significantly attenuates TGF-β-induced growth inhibition. Together, the results suggest that phosphorylation of Cdc27 by CKII is involved in TGF-β-induced activation of APC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyong Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine and University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Protein kinase CK2α subunit over-expression correlates with metastatic risk in breast carcinomas: quantitative immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays. Eur J Cancer 2010; 47:792-801. [PMID: 21194925 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.11.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 11/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CK2α is a signalling molecule that participates in major events in solid tumour progression. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of the immunohistochemical expression of CK2α in breast carcinomas. METHODS Quantitative measurements of immunohistochemical expression of 33 biomarkers using high-throughput densitometry, assessed on digitised microscopic tissue micro-array images were correlated with clinical outcome in 1000 breast carcinomas using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS In univariate analysis, CK2α was a significant prognostic indicator (p<0.001). Moreover, a multivariable model allowed the selection of the best combination of the 33 biomarkers to predict patients' outcome through logistic regression. A nine-marker signature highly predictive of metastatic risk, associating SHARP-2, STAT1, eIF4E, pmapKAPk-2, pAKT, caveolin, VEGF, FGF-1 and CK2α permitted to classify well 82.32% of patients (specificity 81.59%, sensitivity 92.55%, area under ROC curve 0.939). Importantly, in a node negative subset of patients an even more (86%) clinically relevant association of eleven markers was found predictive of poor outcome. CONCLUSION A strong quantitative CK2α immunohistochemical expression in breast carcinomas is individually a significant indicator of poor prognosis. Moreover, an immunohistochemical signature of 11 markers including CK2α accurately (86%) well classifies node negative patients in good and poor outcome subsets. Our results suggest that CK2α evaluation together with key downstream CK2 targets might be a useful tool to identify patients at high risk of distant metastases and that CK2 can be considered as a relevant target for potential specific therapy.
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Ganguly S, Basu B, Shome S, Jadhav T, Roy S, Majumdar J, Dasgupta PS, Basu S. Dopamine, by acting through its D2 receptor, inhibits insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)-induced gastric cancer cell proliferation via up-regulation of Krüppel-like factor 4 through down-regulation of IGF-IR and AKT phosphorylation. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 177:2701-7. [PMID: 21075859 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.100617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The overexpression of insulin-like growth factor receptor-I (IGF-IR) and the activation of its signaling pathways both play critical roles in the development and progression of gastric cancer. Dopamine (DA), a major enteric neurotransmitter, has been reported to have a wide variety of physiological functions in the gastrointestinal tract, including the stomach. We have previously reported that both DA and tyrosine hydroxylase, the rate-limiting enzyme required for the synthesis of DA, are lost in malignant gastric tissues. The effect of this loss of DA on IGF-IR-induced growth of gastric cancer has not yet been elucidated; we therefore investigated the role of DA, if any, on IGF-IR-induced proliferation of malignant gastric cells. There was a significant increase in the expression of phosphorylated IGF-IR and its downstream signaling molecule AKT in human malignant gastric tissues compared with normal nonmalignant tissues. Furthermore, to determine whether this loss of DA has any effect on the activation of IGF-IR signaling pathways in malignant gastric tumors, in vitro experiments were undertaken, using AGS gastric cancer cells. Our results demonstrated that DA acting through its D(2) receptor, inhibits IGF-I-induced proliferation of AGS cells by up-regulating KLF4, a negative regulator of the cell cycle through down regulation of IGF-IR and AKT phosphorylation. Our results suggest that DA is an important regulator of IGF-IR function in malignant gastric cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhalakshmi Ganguly
- Signal Transduction and Biogenic Amines Department, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37 S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India
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Azueta A, Gatius S, Matias-Guiu X. Endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium: pathologic and molecular features. Semin Diagn Pathol 2010; 27:226-40. [DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Eritja N, Llobet D, Domingo M, Santacana M, Yeramian A, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. A novel three-dimensional culture system of polarized epithelial cells to study endometrial carcinogenesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2010; 176:2722-31. [PMID: 20395448 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2010.090974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Development of three-dimensional (3D) cultures that mimic in vivo tissue organization has a pivotal role in the investigation of the involvement of cell adhesion and polarity genes in the pathogenesis of epithelial cancers. Here we describe a novel 3D culture model with primary mouse endometrial epithelial cells. In this model, isolated endometrial epithelial cells develop single-lumened, polarized glandular structures resembling those observed in endometrial tissue. Our in vitro 3D culture model of endometrial glands requires the use of serum-free defined medium with only epidermal growth factor and insulin as growth supplements and 3% Matrigel as reconstituted extracellular matrix. Under these culture conditions, glands of epithelial cells displaying typical apicobasal polarity and proper positioning of tight and adherent junctions are formed by hollowing as early as 7 to 8 days in culture. Addition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor LY294002 completely inhibits bromodeoxyuridine incorporation and cyclinD1 expression, confirming that in vitro growth of endometrial glands depends on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling. To prove that our culture method is a good model to study endometrial carcinogenesis, we knocked down E-cadherin or phosphatase and tensin homolog expression by lentivirus-delivered short hairpin RNAs. Down-regulation of E-cadherin resulted in complete loss of epithelial cell polarity and glandular formation, whereas phosphatase and tensin homolog down-regulation resulted in increased proliferation of glandular epithelial cells. These properties indicate that our 3D culture model is suitable to study the effect of growth factors, drugs, and gene alterations in endometrial carcinogenesis and to study normal endometrial biology/physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
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Lin KY, Fang CL, Chen Y, Li CF, Chen SH, Kuo CY, Tai C, Uen YH. Overexpression of nuclear protein kinase CK2 Beta subunit and prognosis in human gastric carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17:1695-702. [PMID: 20087779 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-0911-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the world, yet little is known about the molecular process of its development and progression. The aims of this study are to correlate the expression of nuclear protein kinase CK2 beta subunit (CK2beta) with clinicopathologic parameters and patient survival. METHODS Expression levels of nuclear CK2beta were analyzed in 104 gastric tissues from patients with gastric carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. A paired t test was used to analyze the differences in nuclear CK2beta expression between tumor and nontumor tissues in the same patient. A two-tailed chi (2) test was performed to determine the significance of the difference between nuclear CK2beta expression and clinicopathologic parameters. All time-to-event endpoints according to various clinicopathologic parameters were plotted by Kaplan-Meier method, and significance was then determined by univariate log-rank test. Cox proportional-hazards model was used for multivariate analysis to determine the independence of prognostic impact of nuclear CK2beta expression. RESULTS Overexpression of nuclear CK2beta was significantly correlated with depth of invasion (P = 0.042). Patients with high expression levels of nuclear CK2beta had a significantly poorer overall survival rate compared with patients with low expression levels of nuclear CK2beta (P = 0.0006). On multivariate Cox regression analysis, overexpression of nuclear CK2beta and stage were proven to be independent prognostic markers for gastric carcinoma (P = 0.0036 and 0.0005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of nuclear CK2beta can be a useful marker for predicting the outcome of patients with gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Yuan Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Casein kinase 2 inhibition differentially modulates apoptotic effect of trichostatin A against epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell lines. Mol Cell Biochem 2009; 338:157-66. [PMID: 20020183 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-009-0349-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors and casein kinase 2 inhibitors have been shown to induce apoptosis. However, the combined effect of casein kinase 2 inhibition on the apoptotic effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor is unknown. We assessed the effect of casein kinase 2 inhibition on the apoptotic effect of trichostatin A in human epithelial carcinoma cell lines with respect to cell death signaling pathways. At concentrations that did not induce cell death, the casein kinase 2 inhibitor 4,5,6,7-tetrabromobenzotriazole inhibited activation of apoptotic proteins and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability induced by the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A. These results suggest that casein kinase 2 inhibition may reduce trichostatin A-induced apoptosis in ovarian carcinoma cell lines by suppressing activation of apoptotic proteins and changes in mitochondrial membrane permeability, which both lead to caspase-3 activation. Casein kinase 2 inhibition, which does not induce a cytotoxic effect, may prevent histone deacetylase inhibitor-mediated apoptosis.
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Tarragona J, Llecha N, Santacana M, Lopez S, Gatius S, Llobet D, Dolcet X, Palomar-Asenjo V, Gonzalez-Tallada FJ, Matias-Guiu X. DcR1 expression in endometrial carcinomas. Virchows Arch 2009; 456:39-44. [PMID: 19936781 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-009-0855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family, which mediates apoptosis by the extrinsic pathway. Up-regulation of decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2, may result in diminished binding of TRAIL to their functional receptors. DcR1 expression was assessed in normal endometrial tissue (NE) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IHC was performed in two tissue microarrays; one composed of 80 samples of NE and a second one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 62 EC. For quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis, RNA was obtained from 19 NE and 28 EC samples using Trizol. mRNA expression of DcR1 was assessed with Taqman-based assays in an Abi-Prism 700 SDS. Results were correlated with stage, histological type, and grade. By IHC, cytoplasmic expression of DcR1 was frequently seen in NE (79.6%) and varied according to the menstrual cycle. Positive DcR1 immunostaining was also detected in EC (98.1% of the cases) without any specific statistical association with histological type, grade, and stage. By quantitative real-time PCR, all NE had similar levels of DcR1expression (0.8-1.7 RQ), which were considered the basal levels of DcR1 expression in NE. Increased DcR1 expression (> or =5-fold higher than the basal levels) was detected in 13 of 28 EC (46.4%). High DcR1 expression levels were found in ECs of different stages: IA, four of 12 (33%); IB, two of four (50%); IC, four of six (66%); and IIA and IIB three of six (50%). Results suggest that DcR1 expression occurs in a subset of EC and may contribute to resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Tarragona
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida IRBLLEIDA, Av Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
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Gratz A, Götz C, Jose J. A FRET-based microplate assay for human protein kinase CK2, a target in neoplastic disease. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2009; 25:234-9. [DOI: 10.3109/14756360903170038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Gratz
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia Götz
- Medicinal Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Homburg-Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Bioanalytics, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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