1
|
Ruiz-Mitjana A, Vidal-Sabanés M, Navaridas R, Perramon-Güell A, Yeramian A, Nicholson-Sabaté N, Egea J, Encinas M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Metformin exhibits antineoplastic effects on Pten-deficient endometrial cancer by interfering with TGF-β and p38/ERK MAPK signalling. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115817. [PMID: 37925934 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metformin is a widespread antidiabetic agent that is commonly used as a treatment against type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Regarding its therapeutic potential, multiple studies have concluded that Metformin exhibits antineoplastic activity on several types of cancer, including endometrial carcinoma. Although Metformin's antineoplastic activity is well documented, its cellular and molecular anticancer mechanisms are still a matter of controversy because a plethora of anticancer mechanisms have been proposed for different cancer cell types. In this study, we addressed the cellular and molecular mechanisms of Metformin's antineoplastic activity by using both in vitro and in vivo studies of Pten-loss driven carcinoma mouse models. In vivo, Metformin reduced endometrial neoplasia initiated by Pten-deficiency. Our in vitro studies using Pten-deficient endometrial organoids focused on both cellular and molecular levels in Metformin's tumor suppressive action. At cellular level, we showed that Metformin is involved in not only the proliferation of endometrial epithelial cells but also their regulation via a variety of mechanisms of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) as well as TGF-β-induced apoptosis. At the molecular level, Metformin was shown to affect the TGF-β signalling., a widely known signal that plays a pivotal role in endometrial carcinogenesis. In this respect, Metformin restored TGF-β-induced apoptosis of Pten-deficient endometrial organoids through a p38-dependent mechanism and inhibited TGF-β-induced EMT on no-polarized endometrial epithelial cells by inhibiting ERK/MAPK signalling. These results provide new insights into the link between the cellular and molecular mechanism for Metformin's antineoplastic activity in Pten-deficient endometrial cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Ruiz-Mitjana
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Vidal-Sabanés
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Aida Perramon-Güell
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Nathan Nicholson-Sabaté
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques and Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Navaridas R, Vidal‐Sabanés M, Ruiz‐Mitjana A, Altés G, Perramon‐Güell A, Yeramian A, Egea J, Encinas M, Gatius S, Matias‐Guiu X, Dolcet X. In Vivo Intra-Uterine Delivery of TAT-Fused Cre Recombinase and CRISPR/Cas9 Editing System in Mice Unveil Histopathology of Pten/p53-Deficient Endometrial Cancers. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023; 10:e2303134. [PMID: 37749866 PMCID: PMC10646277 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatase and TENsin homolog (Pten) and p53 are two of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes in endometrial cancer. However, the functional consequences and histopathological manifestation of concomitant p53 and Pten loss of function alterations in the development of endometrial cancer is still controversial. Here, it is demonstrated that simultaneous Pten and p53 deletion is sufficient to cause epithelial to mesenchymal transition phenotype in endometrial organoids. By a novel intravaginal delivery method using HIV1 trans-activator of transcription cell penetrating peptide fused with a Cre recombinase protein (TAT-Cre), local ablation of both p53 and Pten is achieved specifically in the uterus. These mice developed high-grade endometrial carcinomas and a high percentage of uterine carcinosarcomas resembling those found in humans. To further demonstrate that carcinosarcomas arise from epithelium, double Pten/p53 deficient epithelial cells are mixed with wild type stromal and myometrial cells and subcutaneously transplanted to Scid mice. All xenotransplants resulted in the development of uterine carcinosarcomas displaying high nuclear pleomorphism and metastatic potential. Accordingly, in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 disruption of Pten and p53 also triggered the development of metastatic carcinosarcomas. The results unfadingly demonstrate that simultaneous deletion of p53 and Pten in endometrial epithelial cells is enough to trigger epithelial to mesenchymal transition that is consistently translated to the formation of uterine carcinosarcomas in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Navaridas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Maria Vidal‐Sabanés
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Anna Ruiz‐Mitjana
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Gisela Altés
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Aida Perramon‐Güell
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Sonia Gatius
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical SciencesBiomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), CIBERONC.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Xavier Matias‐Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical SciencesBiomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), CIBERONC.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences and Department of Experimental MedicineInstitut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida. University of Lleida, UdL.Av. Rovira Roure 80LleidaCatalonia25198Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Navaridas R, Vidal-Sabanés M, Ruiz-Mitjana A, Perramon-Güell A, Megino-Luque C, Llobet-Navas D, Matias-Guiu X, Egea J, Encinas M, Bardia L, Colombelli J, Dolcet X. Transient and DNA-free in vivo CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing for flexible modeling of endometrial carcinogenesis. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2023; 43:620-624. [PMID: 36762520 PMCID: PMC10174088 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Navaridas
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Vidal-Sabanés
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Anna Ruiz-Mitjana
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Aida Perramon-Güell
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Megino-Luque
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Molecular Mechanisms and Experimental Therapy in Oncology-Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, 'L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Cancer Networking Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology, Bellvitge Hospital, University of Barcelona, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Arnau de Vilanova Hospital, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain.,Cancer Networking Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Molecular Developmental Neurobiology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Lídia Bardia
- Advanced Digital Microscopy Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Julien Colombelli
- Advanced Digital Microscopy Core Facility, Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncological Pathology Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Lleida, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Eritja N, Navaridas R, Ruiz-Mitjana A, Vidal-Sabanés M, Egea J, Encinas M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Endometrial PTEN Deficiency Leads to SMAD2/3 Nuclear Translocation. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13194990. [PMID: 34638474 PMCID: PMC8507901 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13194990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary PTEN is a protein highly altered in endometrial cancer. PTEN mutation or deficiency leads to the activation of other downstream proteins that are important to the development of cancers. In this study, we have identified the SMAD2/3 proteins as targets of PTEN deficiency. We have found that loss of PTEN in endometrial cells leads to SMAD2/3 activation. To investigate the role of SMAD2/3 activation downstream of PTEN deficiency, we have used endometrial cells lacking both PTEN and SMAD2/3 proteins. These cells display even more tumorigenic potential than cells lacking only PTEN. These results suggest that SMAD2/3 acts as an obstacle for cancer development triggered by PTEN loss. Abstract TGF-β has a dichotomous function, acting as tumor suppressor in premalignant cells but as a tumor promoter for cancerous cells. These contradictory functions of TGF-β are caused by different cellular contexts, including both intracellular and environmental determinants. The TGF-β/SMAD and the PI3K/PTEN/AKT signal transduction pathways have an important role in the regulation of epithelial cell homeostasis and perturbations in either of these two pathways’ contributions to endometrial carcinogenesis. We have previously demonstrated that both PTEN and SMAD2/3 display tumor-suppressive functions in the endometrium, and genetic ablation of either gene results in sustained activation of PI3K/AKT signaling that suppresses TGF-β-induced apoptosis and enhances cell proliferation of mouse endometrial cells. However, the molecular and cellular effects of PTEN deficiency on TGF-β/SMAD2/3 signaling remain controversial. Here, using an in vitro and in vivo model of endometrial carcinogenesis, we have demonstrated that loss of PTEN leads to a constitutive SMAD2/3 nuclear translocation. To ascertain the function of nuclear SMAD2/3 downstream of PTEN deficiency, we analyzed the effects of double deletion PTEN and SMAD2/3 in mouse endometrial organoids. Double PTEN/SMAD2/3 ablation results in a further increase of cell proliferation and enlarged endometrial organoids compared to those harboring single PTEN, suggesting that nuclear translocation of SMAD2/3 constrains tumorigenesis induced by PTEN deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Anna Ruiz-Mitjana
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Maria Vidal-Sabanés
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
| | - Joaquim Egea
- Molecular Developmental Neurobiology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Mario Encinas
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, Departament de Medicina Experimental, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain;
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Universitat de Lleida, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cáncer CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (N.E.); (R.N.); (A.R.-M.); (M.V.-S.); (X.M.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Barés G, Beà A, Hernández L, Navaridas R, Felip I, Megino C, Blasco N, Nadeu F, Campo E, Llovera M, Dolcet X, Sanchis D. ENDOG Impacts on Tumor Cell Proliferation and Tumor Prognosis in the Context of PI3K/PTEN Pathway Status. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3803. [PMID: 34359707 PMCID: PMC8345062 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
EndoG influences mitochondrial DNA replication and is involved in somatic cell proliferation. Here, we investigated the effect of ENDOG/Endog expression on proliferation in different tumor models. Noteworthy, ENDOG deficiency reduced proliferation of endometrial tumor cells expressing low PTEN/high p-AKT levels, and Endog deletion blunted the growth of PTEN-deficient 3D endometrial cultures. Furthermore, ENDOG silencing reduced proliferation of follicular thyroid carcinoma and glioblastoma cell lines with high p-AKT expression. High ENDOG expression was associated with a short time to treatment in a cohort of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a B-cell lymphoid neoplasm with activation of PI3K/AKT. This clinical impact was observed in the less aggressive CLL subtype with mutated IGHV in which high ENDOG and low PTEN levels were associated with worse outcome. In summary, our results show that reducing ENDOG expression hinders growth of some tumors characterized by low PTEN activity and high p-AKT expression and that ENDOG has prognostic value for some cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gisel Barés
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Aida Beà
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Luís Hernández
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
| | - Raul Navaridas
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Isidre Felip
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Cristina Megino
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Natividad Blasco
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Ferran Nadeu
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
| | - Elías Campo
- Lymphoid Neoplasm Program, Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques Agustí Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and CIBERONC, 08036 Barcelona, Spain; (F.N.); (E.C.)
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Clinic of Barcelona, Universitat de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Llovera
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida–IRBLleida and CIBERONC, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (R.N.); (I.F.); (C.M.); (X.D.)
| | - Daniel Sanchis
- Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain; (G.B.); (A.B.); (N.B.); (M.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Blasco N, Beà A, Barés G, Girón C, Navaridas R, Irazoki A, López-Lluch G, Zorzano A, Dolcet X, Llovera M, Sanchis D. Involvement of the mitochondrial nuclease EndoG in the regulation of cell proliferation through the control of reactive oxygen species. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101736. [PMID: 33032073 PMCID: PMC7552104 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The apoptotic nuclease EndoG is involved in mitochondrial DNA replication. Previous results suggested that, in addition to regulate cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, EndoG could be involved in cell proliferation. Here, by using in vivo and cell culture models, we investigated the role of EndoG in cell proliferation. Genetic deletion of Endog both in vivo and in cultured cells or Endog silencing in vitro induced a defect in rodent and human cell proliferation with a tendency of cells to accumulate in the G1 phase of cell cycle and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The defect in cell proliferation occurred with a decrease in the activity of the AKT/PKB-GSK-3β-Cyclin D axis and was reversed by addition of ROS scavengers. EndoG deficiency did not affect the expression of ROS detoxifying enzymes, nor the expression of the electron transport chain complexes and oxygen consumption rate. Addition of the micropeptide Humanin to EndoG-deficient cells restored AKT phosphorylation and proliferation without lowering ROS levels. Thus, our results show that EndoG is important for cell proliferation through the control of ROS and that Humanin can restore cell division in EndoG-deficient cells and counteracts the effects of ROS on AKT phosphorylation. Reduced expression of the mitochondrial nuclease EndoG induces ROS production. EndoG deficiency hampers cell proliferation through ROS-dependent signaling. Increased ROS in EndoG-deficient cells limits the Akt/Gsk3/cyclin axis activity. Humanin sustains proliferation despite high ROS levels induced by Endog deficiency. Romo-1 deficiency reduces cell proliferation independently of EndoG and ROS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natividad Blasco
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Aida Beà
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Gisel Barés
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Cristina Girón
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Andrea Irazoki
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) & CIBERDEM & Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillermo López-Lluch
- Andalusian Center of Developmental Biology, Pablo de Olavide University, Sevilla, 41013, CIBERER, Spain
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) & CIBERDEM & Departament de Bioquímica I Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, CIBERONC, Spain
| | - Marta Llovera
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain
| | - Daniel Sanchis
- Cell Signaling & Apoptosis Group. Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida-IRBLleida, Lleida, 25198, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Barceló C, Sisó P, Maiques O, García-Mulero S, Sanz-Pamplona R, Navaridas R, Megino C, Felip I, Urdanibia I, Eritja N, Soria X, Piulats JM, Penin RM, Dolcet X, Matías-Guiu X, Martí RM, Macià A. T-Type Calcium Channels as Potential Therapeutic Targets in Vemurafenib-Resistant BRAF V600E Melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2019; 140:1253-1265. [PMID: 31877318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a malignant neoplasia that is highly resistant to chemotherapy and radiotherapy and is associated with poor prognosis in advanced stage. Targeting melanoma that harbors the common BRAFV600E mutation with kinase inhibitors, such as vemurafenib, reduces tumor burden, but these tumors frequently acquire resistance to these drugs. We previously proposed that T-type calcium channel (TTCC) expression may serve as a biomarker for melanoma progression and prognosis, and we showed that TTCC blockers reduce migration and invasion rates because of autophagy blockade only in BRAFV600E-mutant melanoma cells. Here, we demonstrated that high expression of the TTCC Cav3.1 isoform is related to autophagic status in vemurafenib-resistant BRAFV600E-mutant melanoma cells and human biopsies, and in silico analysis revealed an enrichment of Cav3.1 expression in post-treatment melanomas. We also demonstrated that the TTCC blocker mibefradil induces apoptosis and impairs migration and invasion via inhibition of autophagy in resistant melanoma cells and mouse xenograft models. Moreover, we identified an association between PTEN status and Cav3.1 expression in these cells as a marker of sensitivity to combination therapy in resistant cells. Together, our results suggest that TTCC blockers offer a potential targeted therapy in resistant BRAFV600E-mutant melanoma and a therapeutic strategy to reduce progression toward BRAF inhibitor resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Barceló
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Pol Sisó
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Centre for Cancer and Inflammation, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sandra García-Mulero
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rebeca Sanz-Pamplona
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristina Megino
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Izaskun Urdanibia
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Soria
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Josep M Piulats
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO-IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research on Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Penin
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matías-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, IDIBELL, l'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research on Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa M Martí
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain; Centre of Biomedical Research on Cancer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Anna Macià
- Oncologic Pathology Group, University of Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Cemeli T, Guasch-Vallés M, Nàger M, Felip I, Cambray S, Santacana M, Gatius S, Pedraza N, Dolcet X, Ferrezuelo F, Schuhmacher AJ, Herreros J, Garí E. Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 regulates glioblastoma dissemination. J Pathol 2019; 248:501-513. [PMID: 30957234 DOI: 10.1002/path.5277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly invasive brain neoplasia with an elevated recurrence rate after surgical resection. The cyclin D1 (Ccnd1)/Cdk4-retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) axis is frequently altered in GBM, leading to overproliferation by RB1 deletion or by Ccnd1-Cdk4 overactivation. High levels of Ccnd1-Cdk4 also promote GBM cell invasion by mechanisms that are not so well understood. The purpose of this work is to elucidate the in vivo role of cytoplasmic Ccnd1-Cdk4 activity in the dissemination of GBM. We show that Ccnd1 activates the invasion of primary human GBM cells through cytoplasmic RB1-independent mechanisms. By using GBM mouse models, we observed that evaded GBM cells showed cytoplasmic Ccnd1 colocalizing with regulators of cell invasion such as RalA and paxillin. Our genetic data strongly suggest that, in GBM cells, the Ccnd1-Cdk4 complex is acting upstream of those regulators. Accordingly, expression of Ccnd1 induces focal adhesion kinase, RalA and Rac1 activities. Finally, in vivo experiments demonstrated increased GBM dissemination after expression of membrane-targeted Ccnd1. We conclude that Ccnd1-Cdk4 activity promotes GBM dissemination through cytoplasmic and RB1-independent mechanisms. Therefore, inhibition of Ccnd1-Cdk4 activity may be useful to hinder the dissemination of recurrent GBM. © 2019 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tània Cemeli
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Marta Guasch-Vallés
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mireia Nàger
- Calcium Signaling, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Oncological Pathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Serafí Cambray
- Vascular and Renal Translational Group, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), Lleida, Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova (HUAV), Lleida, Spain
| | - Neus Pedraza
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncological Pathology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alberto J Schuhmacher
- Biomedical Research Center of Aragon, Aragon Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Judit Herreros
- Calcium Signaling, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Felip I, Moiola CP, Megino-Luque C, Lopez-Gil C, Cabrera S, Solé-Sánchez S, Muñoz-Guardiola P, Megias-Roda E, Pérez-Montoyo H, Alfon J, Yeste-Velasco M, Santacana M, Dolcet X, Reques A, Oaknin A, Rodríguez-Freixinos V, Lizcano JM, Domènech C, Gil-Moreno A, Matias-Guiu X, Colas E, Eritja N. Therapeutic potential of the new TRIB3-mediated cell autophagy anticancer drug ABTL0812 in endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2019; 153:425-435. [PMID: 30853360 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently overactivated in endometrial cancer (EC). We assessed the efficacy of ABTL0812, a novel first-in-class molecule presenting a unique mechanism of action inhibiting this pathway. METHODS We investigated the effects of ABTL0812 on proliferation, cell death and modulation of intracellular signaling pathways in a wide panel of endometrioid and non-endometrioid cell lines, an inducible PTEN knock-out murine model, and two patient-derived xenograft murine models of EC. Then, TRIB3 expression was evaluated as potential ABTL0812 pharmacodynamic biomarker in a Phase 1b/2a clinical trial. RESULTS ABTL0812 induced an upregulation of TRIB3 expression, resulting in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis inhibition and autophagy cell death induction on EC cells but not in healthy endometrial cells. ABTL0812 treatment also impaired PTEN knock-out cells to progress from hyperplasia to cancer. The therapeutic effects of ABTL0812 were demonstrated in vivo. ABTL0812 increased TRIB3 mRNA levels in whole blood samples of eight EC patients, demonstrating that TRIB3 mRNA could be used as a pharmacodynamic biomarker to monitor the ABTL0812 treatment. CONCLUSIONS ABTL0812 may represent a novel and highly effective therapeutic agent by inducing TRIB3 expression and autophagy in EC patients, including those with poorer prognosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isidre Felip
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Cristian Pablo Moiola
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain; Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Megino-Luque
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Carlos Lopez-Gil
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Cabrera
- Gynecological Oncology Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Pau Muñoz-Guardiola
- Ability Pharmaceuticals, SL, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Protein Kinases and Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisabet Megias-Roda
- Ability Pharmaceuticals, SL, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain; Protein Kinases and Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - José Alfon
- Ability Pharmaceuticals, SL, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - María Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain
| | - Armando Reques
- Pathology Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Oaknin
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victor Rodríguez-Freixinos
- Medical Oncology Department, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Miguel Lizcano
- Protein Kinases and Signal Transduction Laboratory, Institut de Neurociències and Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Domènech
- Ability Pharmaceuticals, SL, Cerdanyola Del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Gil-Moreno
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain; Gynecological Oncology Department, Vall Hebron University Hospital, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain; Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Eva Colas
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERONC, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Nuria Eritja
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Biomedical Research Institute of Lleida (IRBLleida), University of Lleida, CIBERONC, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dosil MA, Navaridas R, Mirantes C, Tarragona J, Eritja N, Felip I, Urdanibia I, Megino C, Domingo M, Santacana M, Gatius S, Piñol C, Barceló C, Maiques O, Macià A, Velasco A, Vaquero M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Tumor suppressive function of E2F-1 on PTEN-induced serrated colorectal carcinogenesis. J Pathol 2018; 247:72-85. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Dosil
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Jordi Tarragona
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Izaskun Urdanibia
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Cristina Megino
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Mónica Domingo
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Carme Piñol
- Department de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida-Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida); Lleida Spain
| | - Carla Barceló
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Anna Macià
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Ana Velasco
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Marta Vaquero
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova; Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fusté NP, Castelblanco E, Felip I, Santacana M, Fernández-Hernández R, Gatius S, Pedraza N, Pallarés J, Cemeli T, Valls J, Tarres M, Ferrezuelo F, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X, Garí E. Characterization of cytoplasmic cyclin D1 as a marker of invasiveness in cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 7:26979-91. [PMID: 27105504 PMCID: PMC5053626 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.8876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) is a proto-oncogen amplified in many different cancers and nuclear accumulation of Ccnd1 is a characteristic of tumor cells. Ccnd1 activates the transcription of a large set of genes involved in cell cycle progress and proliferation. However, Ccnd1 also targets cytoplasmic proteins involved in the regulation of cell migration and invasion. In this work, we have analyzed by immunohistochemistry the localization of Ccnd1 in endometrial, breast, prostate and colon carcinomas with different types of invasion. The number of cells displaying membranous or cytoplasmic Ccnd1 was significantly higher in peripheral cells than in inner cells in both collective and pushing invasion patterns of endometrial carcinoma, and in collective invasion pattern of colon carcinoma. Also, the cytoplasmic localization of Ccnd1 was higher when tumors infiltrated as single cells, budding or small clusters of cells. To evaluate cytoplasmic function of cyclin D1, we have built a variant (Ccnd1-CAAX) that remains attached to the cell membrane therefore sequestering this cyclin in the cytoplasm. Tumor cells harboring Ccnd1-CAAX showed high levels of invasiveness and metastatic potential compared to those containing the wild type allele of Ccnd1. However, Ccnd1-CAAX expression did not alter proliferative rates of tumor cells. We hypothesize that the role of Ccnd1 in the cytoplasm is mainly associated with the invasive capability of tumor cells. Moreover, we propose that subcellular localization of Ccnd1 is an interesting guideline to measure cancer outcome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noel P Fusté
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Esmeralda Castelblanco
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics at Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics at Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rita Fernández-Hernández
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics at Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Pedraza
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Judit Pallarés
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics at Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tània Cemeli
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Joan Valls
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit of The Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLLEIDA), Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Tarres
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Oncological Pathology, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics at Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Department of Cell Cycle, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain.,Department of Basic Medical Sciences at University of Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yeramian A, García V, Bergadà L, Domingo M, Santacana M, Valls J, Martinez-Alonso M, Carceller JA, Cussac AL, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Bioluminescence Imaging to Monitor the Effects of the Hsp90 Inhibitor NVP-AUY922 on NF-κB Pathway in Endometrial Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2017; 18:545-56. [PMID: 26604096 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0907-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we first aimed to evaluate the effects in vitro and in vivo, of the Hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922, in endometrial cancer (EC). We also aimed to track nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signalling, a key pathway involved in endometrial carcinogenesis and to check whether NVP-AUY922 treatment modulates it both in vitro and in vivo. PROCEDURES I n vitro effects of NVP-AUY922 on EC cell growth and the signalling pathways were assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), clonogenic assays, Western Blot and luciferase assay. NVP-AUY922 effect on Ishikawa (IK) xenograft growth was evaluated in vivo, and NF-κB activity was monitored using bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS NVP-AUY922 inhibited the growth of three endometrial cell lines tested in vitro. In vivo, NVP-AUY922 reduced tumour growth of 47 % (p = 0.042) compared to control condition. Moreover, the bioluminescence signal of the tumours harbouring IK NF-κB-LUC cells was significantly reduced in NVP-AUY922-treated animals compared to untreated ones. CONCLUSIONS NVP-AUY922 reduced EC tumour growth and NF-κB signalling both in vitro and in vivo. As therapeutic resistance of EC remains a challenge for oncologists nowadays, we think that NVP-AUY922 represents a valid alternative to conventional chemotherapy, and we believe that this approach for assessing and tracking the activation of NF-κB pathway may be of therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andree Yeramian
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| | - Virginia García
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Laura Bergadà
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mónica Domingo
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Valls
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Montserrat Martinez-Alonso
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - José-Antonio Carceller
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Antonio Llombart Cussac
- Department of Oncology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics HUAV, Dept de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, Avenida Rovira Roure, No. 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Eritja N, Yeramian A, Chen BJ, Llobet-Navas D, Ortega E, Colas E, Abal M, Dolcet X, Reventos J, Matias-Guiu X. Endometrial Carcinoma: Specific Targeted Pathways. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 943:149-207. [PMID: 27910068 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-43139-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynecologic malignancy in the western world with more than 280,000 cases per year worldwide. Prognosis for EC at early stages, when primary surgical resection is the most common initial treatment, is excellent. Five-year survival rate is around 70 %.Several molecular alterations have been described in the different types of EC. They occur in genes involved in important signaling pathways. In this chapter, we will review the most relevant altered pathways in EC, including PI3K/AKT/mTOR, RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK, Tyrosine kinase, WNT/β-Catenin, cell cycle, and TGF-β signaling pathways. At the end of the chapter, the most significant clinical trials will be briefly discussed.This information is important to identify specific targets for therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Eritja
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Bo-Juen Chen
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, 10013, USA
| | - David Llobet-Navas
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Eugenia Ortega
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Eva Colas
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational and Pediatric Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miguel Abal
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
| | - Jaume Reventos
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain
- Research Unit in Biomedicine and Translational and Pediatric Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
- GEICEN Research Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Av Rovira Roure, 80, 25198, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Dosil MA, Mirantes C, Eritja N, Felip I, Navaridas R, Gatius S, Santacana M, Colàs E, Moiola C, Schoenenberger JA, Encinas M, Garí E, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Palbociclib has antitumour effects on Pten-
deficient endometrial neoplasias. J Pathol 2017; 242:152-164. [DOI: 10.1002/path.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alba Dosil
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Isidre Felip
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Raúl Navaridas
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Eva Colàs
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynaecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristian Moiola
- Biomedical Research Group in Gynaecology, Vall Hebron Research Institute (VHIR); Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Barcelona Spain
| | - Joan Antoni Schoenenberger
- Department of Pharmacology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova. Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Departament de Medicina Experimental, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida; Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida; Lleida Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología (CIBERONC); Madrid Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yeramian A, Vea A, Benítez S, Ribera J, Domingo M, Santacana M, Martinez M, Maiques O, Valls J, Dolcet X, Vilella R, Cabiscol E, Matias-Guiu X, Marti RM. 2-phenylethynesulphonamide (PFT-μ) enhances the anticancer effect of the novel hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 in melanoma, by reducing GSH levels. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2017; 29:352-71. [PMID: 26988132 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heat shock proteins (HSPs), are molecular chaperones that assist the proper folding of nascent proteins. This study aims to evaluate the antitumour effects of the hsp90 inhibitor NVP-AUY922 in melanoma, both in vitro and in vivo. Our results show that NVP-AUY922 inhibits melanoma cell growth in vitro, with down regulation of multiple signalling pathways involved in melanoma progression such as NF-ĸB and MAPK/ERK. However, NVP-AUY922 was unable to limit tumour growth in vivo. Cotreatment of A375M xenografts with NVP-AUY922 and PFT-μ, a dual inhibitor of both hsp70 and autophagy, induced a synergistic increase of cell death in vitro, and delayed tumour formation in A375M xenografts. PFT-μ depleted cells from the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) and increased oxidative stress. The oxidative stress induced by PFT-μ further enhanced NVP-AUY922-induced cytotoxic effects. These data suggest a potential therapeutic role for NVP-AUY922 used in combination with PFT-μ, in melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andree Yeramian
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Alvar Vea
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Sandra Benítez
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Ribera
- Developmental and Oncogenic Signalling Group, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Mónica Domingo
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Montserrat Martinez
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Joan Valls
- Biostatistics Unit, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ramón Vilella
- Department of Immunology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elisa Cabiscol
- Departament de Ciencies Mediques basiques, IRBlleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova HUAV, IRBLleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Rosa M Marti
- Department of Dermatology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, IRB-Lleida, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Eritja N, Chen BJ, Rodríguez-Barrueco R, Santacana M, Gatius S, Vidal A, Martí MD, Ponce J, Bergadà L, Yeramian A, Encinas M, Ribera J, Reventós J, Boyd J, Villanueva A, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X, Llobet-Navàs D. Autophagy orchestrates adaptive responses to targeted therapy in endometrial cancer. Autophagy 2017; 13:608-624. [PMID: 28055301 PMCID: PMC5361596 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1271512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapies in endometrial cancer (EC) using kinase inhibitors rarely result in complete tumor remission and are frequently challenged by the appearance of refractory cell clones, eventually resulting in disease relapse. Dissecting adaptive mechanisms is of vital importance to circumvent clinical drug resistance and improve the efficacy of targeted agents in EC. Sorafenib is an FDA-approved multitarget tyrosine and serine/threonine kinase inhibitor currently used to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, advanced renal carcinoma and radioactive iodine-resistant thyroid carcinoma. Unfortunately, sorafenib showed very modest effects in a multi-institutional phase II trial in advanced uterine carcinoma patients. Here, by leveraging RNA-sequencing data from the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia and cell survival studies from compound-based high-throughput screenings we have identified the lysosomal pathway as a potential compartment involved in the resistance to sorafenib. By performing additional functional biology studies we have demonstrated that this resistance could be related to macroautophagy/autophagy. Specifically, our results indicate that sorafenib triggers a mechanistic MAPK/JNK-dependent early protective autophagic response in EC cells, providing an adaptive response to therapeutic stress. By generating in vivo subcutaneous EC cell line tumors, lung metastatic assays and primary EC orthoxenografts experiments, we demonstrate that targeting autophagy enhances sorafenib cytotoxicity and suppresses tumor growth and pulmonary metastasis progression. In conclusion, sorafenib induces the activation of a protective autophagic response in EC cells. These results provide insights into the unopposed resistance of advanced EC to sorafenib and highlight a new strategy for therapeutic intervention in recurrent EC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Eritja
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | | | | | - Maria Santacana
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | - Sònia Gatius
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | - August Vidal
- e Department of Pathology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Maria Dolores Martí
- f Department of Gynecology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Jordi Ponce
- f Department of Gynecology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Laura Bergadà
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- g Department of Experimental Medicine , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.8 , Lleida , Spain
| | - Joan Ribera
- g Department of Experimental Medicine , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.8 , Lleida , Spain
| | - Jaume Reventós
- e Department of Pathology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.,f Department of Gynecology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Jeff Boyd
- h Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University , Miami , FL , USA
| | - Alberto Villanueva
- i Chemoresistance and Predictive Factors Group, Program Against Cancer Therapeutic Resistance (ProCURE) , Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain.,e Department of Pathology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain.,f Department of Gynecology , University Hospital of Bellvitge, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), L'Hospitalet de Llobregat , Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- a Department of Basic Sciences , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Edifici Biomedicina I, Lab 2.4 , Lleida , Spain.,b Department of Pathology , Universitat de Lleida/Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida/Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova , Lleida , Spain
| | - David Llobet-Navàs
- d Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University , Newcastle-Upon-Tyne , UK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Santacana M, Coronado P, Matias-Guiu X, Romero I, Casado A, Gil-Moreno A, Dosil MA, Mota A, Moreno-Bueno G, Dolcet X, Llombart-Cussac A, Poveda A. Biological Effects of Temsirolimus on the mTOR Pathway in Endometrial Carcinoma: A Pharmacodynamic Phase II Study. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2016:1. [PMID: 27258723 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is frequently aberrantly activated in endometrial carcinoma (EC). Temsirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor that has shown clinical activity in EC. We aimed to characterize the biological effects on mTOR pathway of temsirolimus in treatment-naive patients with primary EC, and to identify potential biomarkers associated with a short-term exposure to temsirolimus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients with EC were treated with 4 doses of temsirolimus previous to surgery. The primary objective was the analysis of paired endometrial aspirates and posttreatment (hysterectomy specimens) tumor tissue samples for mTOR downstream effectors p-S6K1 and p-4BEP1 levels by immunohistochemistry. Secondary objectives included analysis of expression of other mTOR-related biomarkers by immunohistochemistry, as well as analysis of the predictive value of mutations in mTOR-related genes. Toxicity was also assessed. RESULTS Eleven patients were included in the study. p-S6K1 expression was reduced after treatment with temsirolimus in all patients. Variations of the expression of other mTOR-related proteins including p-4BEP1, PTEN, p-AKT, p53, p27, BAD, Bcl-2, Ki67, and cyclin D1 were also observed. Interestingly, the biological effects of the drug were more evident 1 week after the last dose of temsirolimus. Effects were less evident on tumors harboring mutations in NRAS. Toxicity was acceptable, being mucositis the most frequent adverse event. CONCLUSIONS Short temsirolimus exposure effectively inhibits mTOR pathway in patients with endometrial cancer. p-S6K1 expression is a promising biomarker of sensitivity. The preoperative window opportunity in EC is a realistic scenario for biological knowledge and target development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Santacana
- *Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida; †Hospital Clínico Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid; ‡Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia; §Hospital Universitari Valle dHebron, Barcelona; ∥Foundation MD Anderson Cancer Centre Madrid, and Department of Biochemistry, Universidad Autonoma de Madrid (UAM), Instituto de Investigaciones Biomedicas "Alberto Sols" (CSIC-UAM), IdiPAZ, Madrid; and ¶MedSIR ARO, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Fusté NP, Fernández-Hernández R, Cemeli T, Mirantes C, Pedraza N, Rafel M, Torres-Rosell J, Colomina N, Ferrezuelo F, Dolcet X, Garí E. Cytoplasmic cyclin D1 regulates cell invasion and metastasis through the phosphorylation of paxillin. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11581. [PMID: 27181366 PMCID: PMC4873647 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 (Ccnd1) together with its binding partner Cdk4 act as a transcriptional regulator to control cell proliferation and migration, and abnormal Ccnd1·Cdk4 expression promotes tumour growth and metastasis. While different nuclear Ccnd1·Cdk4 targets participating in cell proliferation and tissue development have been identified, little is known about how Ccnd1·Cdk4 controls cell adherence and invasion. Here, we show that the focal adhesion component paxillin is a cytoplasmic substrate of Ccnd1·Cdk4. This complex phosphorylates a fraction of paxillin specifically associated to the cell membrane, and promotes Rac1 activation, thereby triggering membrane ruffling and cell invasion in both normal fibroblasts and tumour cells. Our results demonstrate that localization of Ccnd1·Cdk4 to the cytoplasm does not simply act to restrain cell proliferation, but constitutes a functionally relevant mechanism operating under normal and pathological conditions to control cell adhesion, migration and metastasis through activation of a Ccnd1·Cdk4-paxillin-Rac1 axis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noel P Fusté
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Rita Fernández-Hernández
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tània Cemeli
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Oncopathology Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Pedraza
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Rafel
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Torres-Rosell
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Colomina
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ferrezuelo
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncopathology Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eloi Garí
- Cell Cycle Lab, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida (IRBLleida), and Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques; Facultat de Medicina; Universitat de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Bozic M, Álvarez Á, de Pablo C, Sanchez-Niño MD, Ortiz A, Dolcet X, Encinas M, Fernandez E, Valdivielso JM. Impaired Vitamin D Signaling in Endothelial Cell Leads to an Enhanced Leukocyte-Endothelium Interplay: Implications for Atherosclerosis Development. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136863. [PMID: 26322890 PMCID: PMC4556440 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell activation leading to leukocyte recruitment and adhesion plays an essential role in the initiation and progression of atherosclerosis. Vitamin D has cardioprotective actions, while its deficiency is a risk factor for the progression of cardiovascular damage. Our aim was to assess the role of basal levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) on the early leukocyte recruitment and related endothelial cell-adhesion-molecule expression, as essential prerequisites for the onset of atherosclerosis. Knockdown of VDR in endothelial cells (shVDR) led to endothelial cell activation, characterized by upregulation of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6, decreased peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) rolling velocity and increased PBMC rolling flux and adhesion to the endothelium. shVDR cells showed decreased IκBα levels and accumulation of p65 in the nucleus compared to shRNA controls. Inhibition of NF-κB activation with super-repressor IκBα blunted all signs of endothelial cell activation caused by downregulation of VDR in endothelial cells. In vivo, deletion of VDR led to significantly larger aortic arch and aortic root lesions in apoE-/- mice, with higher macrophage content. apoE-/-VDR-/-mice showed higher aortic expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1 and IL-6 when compared to apoE-/-VDR+/+ mice. Our data demonstrate that lack of VDR signaling in endothelial cells leads to a state of endothelial activation with increased leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions that may contribute to the more severe plaque accumulation observed in apoE-/-VDR-/- mice. The results reveal an important role for basal levels of endothelial VDR in limiting endothelial cell inflammation and atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Milica Bozic
- Nephrology Research Department, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Ángeles Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carmen de Pablo
- Department of Pharmacology and CIBERehd, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Alberto Ortiz
- IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, School of Medicine, UAM and IRSIN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Pathology Group, Pathology and Molecular Genetics Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida and IRB Lleida, Spain
| | - Mario Encinas
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Lleida and IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Maiques O, Cuevas D, García Dios DA, Coenegrachts L, Santacana M, Velasco A, Romero M, Gatius S, Lambrechts D, Müller S, Pedersen HC, Dolcet X, Amant F, Matias-Guiu X. FISH analysis of PTEN in endometrial carcinoma. Comparison with SNP arrays and MLPA. Histopathology 2015; 65:371-88. [PMID: 25353038 PMCID: PMC4282383 DOI: 10.1111/his.12396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To check the usefulness of a standardized protocol of PTEN FISH in 31 endometrial carcinomas (ECs) in comparison with SNP array (SNPA), multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA), and immunohistochemistry. METHODS AND RESULTS Fluorescence in-situ hybridization analysis showed two PTEN copies in 17 cases, three copies in nine cases, hemizygous deletion in two cases, and diverse cell populations with different PTEN copy number in three cases. A good correlation was seen between FISH and SNPA, particularly in cases with three copies. FISH identified two cases with entire deletion of chromosome 10, but did not identify a focal deletion of PTEN. Five cases with PTEN deletion and duplication of the second allele by SNPA were interpreted as normal by FISH. Concordance between FISH and MLPA was seen in 15 cases with two copies, and in two cases with PTEN deletion. Six cases were interpreted as amplified by MLPA, but showed polyploidy by FISH. FISH was superior to SNPA and MLPA in assessing the tumours with diverse cell populations with different PTEN copies. CONCLUSIONS The results show good concordance between FISH, SNPA and MLPA. SNPA was superior in tumours with deletion of one copy and duplication of the second allele. FISH was superior in assessing tumour heterogeneity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Maiques
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Dolors Cuevas
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Diego Andrés García Dios
- Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Lieve Coenegrachts
- Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Ana Velasco
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Marta Romero
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Sónia Gatius
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Diether Lambrechts
- Vesalius Research Centre, Vlaams Instituut voor BiotechnologieLeuven, Belgium
- Laboratory for Translational Genetics, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Sven Müller
- Research and Development, Dako DenmarkGlostrup, Denmark
| | | | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
| | - Frederic Amant
- Gynaecological Oncology, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Department of Oncology, Katholieke Universiteit LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncological Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRB LleidaLleida, Spain
- Address for correspondence: X Matias-Guiu, PhD, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Av. Rovira Roure, 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain. e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Santacana M, Maiques O, Valls J, Gatius S, Abó AI, López-García MÁ, Mota A, Reventós J, Moreno-Bueno G, Palacios J, Bartosch C, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. A 9-protein biomarker molecular signature for predicting histologic type in endometrial carcinoma by immunohistochemistry. Hum Pathol 2014; 45:2394-403. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2014.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Revised: 06/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
22
|
Eritja N, Santacana M, Maiques O, Gonzalez-Tallada X, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Modeling glands with PTEN deficient cells and microscopic methods for assessing PTEN loss: endometrial cancer as a model. Methods 2014; 77-78:31-40. [PMID: 25461816 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2014.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PTEN is an important tumor suppressor gene. Interpreting PTEN deficiency in the appropriate microscopic context of cancer may be important to understand its role in tumor development and progression. This may be particularly relevant in heterogeneous tumors. Here, we discuss the usefulness of 3D cultures in understanding the consequences of PTEN inactivation in tissue architecture. Afterwards, we discuss the role of immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization in assessing PTEN loss in tumors. In this review, endometrial carcinoma is used as a model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Eritja
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Oscar Maiques
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Gonzalez-Tallada
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology Group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Alonso-Alconada L, Santacana M, Garcia-Sanz P, Muinelo-Romay L, Colas E, Mirantes C, Monge M, Cueva J, Oliva E, Soslow RA, Lopez MA, Palacios J, Prat J, Valls J, Krakstad C, Salvesen H, Gil-Moreno A, Lopez-Lopez R, Dolcet X, Moreno-Bueno G, Reventos J, Matias-Guiu X, Abal M. Annexin-A2 as predictor biomarker of recurrent disease in endometrial cancer. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1863-73. [PMID: 25219463 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Revised: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometrial carcinomas, the most common malignant tumour of the female genital tract, are usually diagnosed at an early stage with uterine-confined disease and an overall favourable prognosis. However, up to 20% of endometrial carcinomas will end up in recurrent disease, associated with a drop in survival and representing the major clinical challenge. Management of this group of risk patients relies on robust biomarkers that may predict which endometrial carcinomas will relapse. For this, we performed a proteomic analysis comparing primary lesions with recurrences and identified ANXA2 as a potential biomarker associated with recurrent disease that we further validated in an independent series of samples by immunohistochemistry. We demonstrated in vitro a role for ANXA2 in the promotion of metastasis rather than interfering with sensitivity to radio/chemotherapy. In addition, ANXA2 silencing resulted in a reduced metastatic pattern in a mice model of endometrial cancer dissemination, with a limited presence of circulating tumor cells. Finally, a retrospective study in a cohort of 93 patients showed that ANXA2 effectively predicted those endometrioid endometrial carcinomas that finally recurred. Importantly, ANXA2 demonstrated a predictive value also among low risk Stage I endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, highlighting the clinical utility of ANXA2 biomarker as predictor of recurrent disease in endometrial cancer. Retrospective and prospective studies are ongoing to validate ANXA2 as a potential tool for optimal stratification of patients susceptible to receive radical surgery and radio/chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Alonso-Alconada
- Translational Medical Oncology, Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), Fundacion Ramon Dominguez, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Alonso-Alconada L, Muinelo-Romay L, Madissoo K, Diaz-Lopez A, Krakstad C, Trovik J, Wik E, Hapangama D, Coenegrachts L, Cano A, Gil-Moreno A, Chiva L, Cueva J, Vieito M, Ortega E, Mariscal J, Colas E, Castellvi J, Cusido M, Dolcet X, Nijman HW, Bosse T, Green JA, Romano A, Reventos J, Lopez-Lopez R, Salvesen HB, Amant F, Matias-Guiu X, Moreno-Bueno G, Abal M. Molecular profiling of circulating tumor cells links plasticity to the metastatic process in endometrial cancer. Mol Cancer 2014; 13:223. [PMID: 25261936 PMCID: PMC4190574 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 20% of patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer (EC) are considered high-risk with unfavorable prognosis. In the framework of the European Network for Individualized Treatment in EC (ENITEC), we investigated the presence and phenotypic features of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in high-risk EC patients. METHODS CTC isolation was carried out in peripheral blood samples from 34 patients, ranging from Grade 3 Stage IB to Stage IV carcinomas and recurrences, and 27 healthy controls using two methodologies. Samples were subjected to EpCAM-based immunoisolation using the CELLection™ Epithelial Enrich kit (Invitrogen, Dynal) followed by RTqPCR analysis. The phenotypic determinants of endometrial CTC in terms of pathogenesis, hormone receptor pathways, stem cell markers and epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) drivers were asked. Kruskal-Wallis analysis followed by Dunn's post-test was used for comparisons between groups. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. RESULTS EpCAM-based immunoisolation positively detected CTC in high-risk endometrial cancer patients. CTC characterization indicated a remarkable plasticity phenotype defined by the expression of the EMT markers ETV5, NOTCH1, SNAI1, TGFB1, ZEB1 and ZEB2. In addition, the expression of ALDH and CD44 pointed to an association with stemness, while the expression of CTNNB1, STS, GDF15, RELA, RUNX1, BRAF and PIK3CA suggested potential therapeutic targets. We further recapitulated the EMT phenotype found in endometrial CTC through the up-regulation of ETV5 in an EC cell line, and validated in an animal model of systemic dissemination the propensity of these CTC in the accomplishment of metastasis. CONCLUSIONS Our results associate the presence of CTC with high-risk EC. Gene-expression profiling characterized a CTC-plasticity phenotype with stemness and EMT features. We finally recapitulated this CTC-phenotype by over-expressing ETV5 in the EC cell line Hec1A and demonstrated an advantage in the promotion of metastasis in an in vivo mouse model of CTC dissemination and homing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Miguel Abal
- Translational Medical Oncology; Health Research Institute of Santiago (IDIS), SERGAS, Trav, Choupana s/n 15706, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Alonso-Alconada L, Eritja N, Muinelo-Romay L, Barbazan J, Lopez-Lopez R, Matias-Guiu X, Gil-Moreno A, Dolcet X, Abal M. ETV5 transcription program links BDNF and promotion of EMT at invasive front of endometrial carcinomas. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2679-86. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
26
|
Bergadà L, Yeramian A, Sorolla A, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Antioxidants impair anti-tumoral effects of Vorinostat, but not anti-neoplastic effects of Vorinostat and caspase-8 downregulation. PLoS One 2014; 9:e92764. [PMID: 24651472 PMCID: PMC3961419 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that histone deacetylase inhibitor, Vorinostat, applied as a single therapy or in combination with caspase-8 downregulation exhibits high anti-tumoral activity on endometrial carcinoma cell lines. In the present study, we have assessed the signalling processes underlying anti-tumoral effects of Vorinostat. Increasing evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species are responsible for histone deacetylase inhibitor-induced cell killing. We have found that Vorinostat induces formation of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage. To investigate the role of oxidative stress as anti-neoplastic mechanism, we have evaluated the effects of different antioxidants (Bha, Nac and Tiron) on endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa treated with Vorinostat. We show that Bha, Nac and Tiron markedly inhibited the cytotoxic effects of Vorinostat, increasing cell viability in vitro. We found that all three antioxidants did not inhibited accumulation of acetyl Histone H4, so that antioxidants did not inhibit Vorinostat activity. Finally, we have evaluated the effects of antioxidants on anti-tumoral activity of Vorinostat as monotherapy or in combination with caspase-8 downregulation in vivo. Interestingly, antioxidants blocked the reduction of tumour growth caused by Vorinostat, but they were unable to inhibit anti-tumoral activity of Vorinostat plus caspase-8 inhibition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Bergadà
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Andree Yeramian
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Annabel Sorolla
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - Xavier Dolcet
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Eritja N, Domingo M, Dosil MA, Mirantes C, Santacana M, Valls J, Llombart-Cussac A, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Combinatorial Therapy Using Dovitinib and ICI182.780 (Fulvestrant) Blocks Tumoral Activity of Endometrial Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Ther 2014; 13:776-87. [DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-13-0794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
28
|
Maiques O, Santacana M, Valls J, Pallares J, Mirantes C, Gatius S, García Dios DA, Amant F, Pedersen HC, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Optimal protocol for PTEN immunostaining; role of analytical and preanalytical variables in PTEN staining in normal and neoplastic endometrial, breast, and prostatic tissues. Hum Pathol 2013; 45:522-32. [PMID: 24457075 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In some tumors, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) inactivation may have prognostic importance and predictive value for targeted therapies. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) may be an effective method to demonstrate PTEN loss. It was claimed that PTEN IHC showed poor reproducibility, lack of standardization, and variable effects of preanalytical factors. In this study, we developed an optimal protocol for PTEN IHC, with clone 6H2.1, by checking the relevance of analytical variables in normal tissue and tumors of endometrium, breast, and prostate. Pattern and intensity of cellular staining and background nonspecific staining were quantified and subjected to statistical analysis by linear mixed models. The proposed protocol showed a statistically best performance (P < .05) and included a high target retrieval solution, 1:100 primary antibody dilution (2.925 mg/L), FLEX diluent, and EnVisionFLEX+ detection method, with a sensitivity and specificity of 72.33% and 78.57%, respectively. Staining specificity was confirmed in cell lines and animal models. Endometrial carcinomas with PTEN genetic abnormalities showed statistically lower staining than tumors without alterations (mean histoscores, 34.66 and 119.28, respectively; P = .01). Controlled preanalytical factors (delayed fixation and overfixation) did not show any statistically significant effect on staining with optimal protocol (P > .001). However, there was a trend of significance for decreased staining and fixation under high temperature. Moreover, staining was better in endometrial aspirates than in matched hysterectomy specimens, subjected to less controlled preanalytical variables (mean histoscores, 80 and 40, respectively; P = .002). A scoring system combining intensity of staining and percentage of positive cells was statistically associated with PTEN alterations (P = .01).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Maiques
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Maria Santacana
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Joan Valls
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Judit Pallares
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Cristina Mirantes
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Sónia Gatius
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | | | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg, Leuven 3000, Belgium
| | | | - Xavier Dolcet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain
| | - Xavier Matias-Guiu
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics/Oncologic Pathology group, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Universitat de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida 25198, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Eritja N, Mirantes C, Llobet D, Yeramian A, Bergadà L, Dosil MA, Domingo M, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. Long-Term Estradiol Exposure Is a Direct Mitogen for Insulin/EGF-Primed Endometrial Cells and Drives PTEN Loss-Induced Hyperplasic Growth. The American Journal of Pathology 2013; 183:277-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
30
|
Eritja N, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Three-dimensional epithelial cultures: a tool to model cancer development and progression. Histol Histopathol 2013; 28:1245-56. [PMID: 23719713 DOI: 10.14670/hh-28.1245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Loss of cell polarity is a hallmark of cancer, and although this feature is commonly observed in advanced tumors; growing evidence indicates that loss of cell-cell adhesion and cell polarity may also be important in early stages of cancer. Despite recent important advances, much remains unclear about the molecular and biophysical mechanisms involved in phenotypic changes observed in epithelial architecture during carcinogenesis. Over the past decade the use of three dimensional cultures (3D) has emerged as a valuable tool to study the functions of cancer genes and pathways in an adequate polarized context. 3D cultures are an outstanding tool to understand the morphologic consequences of molecular alterations. In other words, 3D cultures allow a much better understanding of the pathological features of tumours, with the microscope. In this review we will focus on how 3D models have provided unique insights into how basic cell biological processes impact in higher-order tissue architecture and how these models have enhanced our understanding of carcinoma biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Eritja
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Department de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Mirantes C, Eritja N, Dosil MA, Santacana M, Pallares J, Gatius S, Bergadà L, Maiques O, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. An inducible knockout mouse to model the cell-autonomous role of PTEN in initiating endometrial, prostate and thyroid neoplasias. Dis Model Mech 2013; 6:710-20. [PMID: 23471917 PMCID: PMC3634654 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.011445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PTEN is one of the most frequently mutated tumor suppressor genes in human cancers. The role of PTEN in carcinogenesis has been validated by knockout mouse models. PTEN heterozygous mice develop neoplasms in multiple organs. Unfortunately, the embryonic lethality of biallelic excision of PTEN has inhibited the study of complete PTEN deletion in the development and progression of cancer. By crossing PTEN conditional knockout mice with transgenic mice expressing a tamoxifen-inducible Cre-ERT under the control of a chicken actin promoter, we have generated a tamoxifen-inducible mouse model that allows temporal control of PTEN deletion. Interestingly, administration of a single dose of tamoxifen resulted in PTEN deletion mainly in epithelial cells, but not in stromal, mesenchymal or hematopoietic cells. Using the mT/mG double-fluorescent Cre reporter mice, we demonstrate that epithelial-specific PTEN excision was caused by differential Cre activity among tissues and cells types. Tamoxifen-induced deletion of PTEN resulted in extremely rapid and consistent formation of endometrial in situ adenocarcinoma, prostate intraepithelial neoplasia and thyroid hyperplasia. We also analyzed the role of PTEN ablation in other epithelial cells, such as the tubular cells of the kidney, hepatocytes, colonic epithelial cells or bronchiolar epithelium, but those tissues did not exhibit neoplastic growth. Finally, to validate this model as a tool to assay the efficacy of anti-tumor drugs in PTEN deficiency, we administered the mTOR inhibitor everolimus to mice with induced PTEN deletion. Everolimus dramatically reduced the progression of endometrial proliferations and significantly reduced thyroid hyperplasia. This model could be a valuable tool to study the cell-autonomous mechanisms involved in PTEN-loss-induced carcinogenesis and provides a good platform to study the effect of anti-neoplastic drugs on PTEN-negative tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Mirantes
- Oncologic Pathology Group, Departament de Ciències Mèdiques Bàsiques, Universitat de Lleida, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, IRBLleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sorolla A, Yeramian A, Valls J, Dolcet X, Bergadà L, Llombart-Cussac A, Martí RM, Matias-Guiu X. Blockade of NFκB activity by Sunitinib increases cell death in Bortezomib-treated endometrial carcinoma cells. Mol Oncol 2012; 6:530-41. [PMID: 22819259 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/29/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies in the female genital tract, usually treated by surgery and radiotherapy. Chemotherapy is used when endometrial carcinoma is associated with widespread metastasis or when the tumor recurs after radiation therapy. In the present study, we demonstrate that the tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor Sunitinib reduces cell viability, proliferation, clonogenicity and induces apoptotic cell death in endometrial carcinoma cell lines, which is not due to its action through the most known targets like VEGFR, nor through EGFR as demonstrated in this work. Interestingly, Sunitinib reduces NFκB transcriptional activity either at basal level or activation by EGF or TNF-α. We observed that Sunitinib was able to inhibit the Bortezomib-induced NFκB transcriptional activity which correlates with a decrease of the phosphorylated levels of IKKα and β, p65 and IκBα. We evaluated the nature of the interaction between Sunitinib and Bortezomib by the dose effect method and identified a synergistic effect (combination index < 1). Analogously, silencing of p65 expression by lentiviral-mediated short-hairpin RNA delivery in Bortezomib treated cells leads to a strongly increased sensitivity to Bortezomib apoptotic cell death. Altogether our results suggest that the combination of Sunitinib and Bortezomib could be considered a promising treatment for endometrial carcinoma after failure of surgery and radiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anabel Sorolla
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Santacana M, Yeramian A, Velasco A, Bergada L, Gatius S, García V, Azueta A, Palacios J, Dolcet X, Oliva E, Matias-Guiu X. Immunohistochemical features of post-radiation vaginal recurrences of endometrioid carcinomas of the endometrium: role for proteins involved in resistance to apoptosis and hypoxia. Histopathology 2012; 60:460-71. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.04106.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
|
34
|
Gatius S, Velasco A, Azueta A, Santacana M, Pallares J, Valls J, Dolcet X, Prat J, Matias-Guiu X. FGFR2 alterations in endometrial carcinoma. Mod Pathol 2011; 24:1500-10. [PMID: 21725289 DOI: 10.1038/modpathol.2011.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is a tyrosine kinase receptor involved in many biological processes such as embryogenesis, adult tissue homeostasis and cell proliferation. Mutations in FGFR2 have been reported in up to 10-12% of endometrial carcinomas identical to those found in congenital craniofacial disorders. Inhibition of FGFR2 could be a new therapeutic target in endometrial carcinoma. FGFR2 immunostaining was assessed in three tissue microarrays: one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 60 samples of normal endometrium in different phases of menstrual cycle, and two tissue microarrays containing endometrial carcinoma samples (95 and 62 cases). FGFR2 expression was correlated with stage, histological type and grade as well as with immunostaining of PTEN, RASSF1A, estrogen and progesterone receptors, KI67, Cyclin D1, STAT-3 and SPRY2. FGFR2 mutations were assessed by PCR and direct sequencing, with DNA obtained from 31 paraffin-embedded endometrial carcinoma samples. In normal endometrium, FGFR2 expression was higher in the secretory than in the proliferative phase (P=0.001), with an inverse correlation with Ki67 (P=0.00032), suggesting a tumor-suppressor role for FGFR2 in normal endometrium. Cytoplasmic expression of FGFR2 was higher in endometrial carcinoma when compared with the atrophic endometrium from the same patients (P=0.0283), but was lower in comparison with normal endometrium from women in the menstrual cycle. Interestingly, nuclear staining was observed in some cases, and it was less frequent in endometrial carcinoma when compared with the adjacent atrophic endometrium (P=0.0465). There were no statistical differences when comparing superficial and myoinvasive endometrial carcinoma samples. Endometrioid endometrial carcinomas showed higher expression of FGFR2 than nonendometrioid endometrial carcinomas (fold change 2.56; P=0.0015). Grade III endometrioid endometrial carcinomas showed decreased FGFR2 expression when compared with grade II endometrioid endometrial carcinomas (P=0.0055). No differences were found regarding pathological stage. Two missense mutations of FGFR2 gene were detected in exons 6 and 11 (S252W and N549K, respectively; 6.45%). Results support the hypothesis that FGFR2 has a dual role in the endometrium, by inhibiting cell proliferation in normal endometrium during the menstrual cycle, but acting as an oncogene in endometrial carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Gatius
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Montserrat N, Mozos A, Llobet D, Dolcet X, Pons C, de Herreros AG, Matias-Guiu X, Prat J. Epithelial to mesenchymal transition in early stage endometrioid endometrial carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2011; 43:632-43. [PMID: 21940036 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2011.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2011] [Revised: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 06/27/2011] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition is thought to be implicated in tumor invasion and metastasis. To investigate its role in myometrial invasion, samples from 42 stage I (confined to the corpus) endometrioid endometrial carcinomas were analyzed. All E-cadherin repressors (SNAI1, SNAI2 (SLUG), ZEB1, HMGA2, and TWIST1) had a higher expression in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas than in normal endometrium (P < .0001), whereas CDH1 (E-cadherin gene) tended to be lower. In comparison with nonmyoinvasive (stage IA) tumors, those with deep myometrial invasion (stage IC) had increased messenger RNA expression of SLUG, ZEB1, and HMGA2 (P < .001). Furthermore, samples from the myoinvasive front of deeply invasive tumors had higher levels of SLUG, ZEB1, and HMGA2 than the corresponding superficial samples. Immunohistochemical analysis of these cases revealed that the decrease in E-cadherin was concordant with an increase in Snail and Twist protein expression. Trying to induce epithelial to mesenchymal transition in endometrioid endometrial carcinomas, we initially produced persistent activation of this pathway in Ishikawa cells. The cell line was infected with lentiviruses carrying the V600E mutation of BRAF, inducing loss of β-catenin, E-cadherin, and cytokeratin and increase in vimentin and Snail. These changes were mediated by ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which was also increased at the myoinvasive front. Furthermore, MEK1/2 inhibitor UO126 reversed the mesenchymal phenotype. Our findings suggest that epithelial to mesenchymal transition regulators are implicated in myometrial invasion of endometrioid endometrial carcinoma and may be potential therapeutic targets through the MAPK/ERK pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Montserrat
- Department of Pathology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Llauradó M, Abal M, Castellví J, Cabrera S, Gil-Moreno A, Pérez-Benavente A, Colás E, Doll A, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X, Vazquez-Levin M, Reventós J, Ruiz A. ETV5 transcription factor is overexpressed in ovarian cancer and regulates cell adhesion in ovarian cancer cells. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:1532-43. [DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
37
|
Yeramian A, Sorolla A, Velasco A, Santacana M, Dolcet X, Valls J, Abal L, Moreno S, Egido R, Casanova JM, Puig S, Vilella R, Llombart-Cussac A, Matias-Guiu X, Martí RM. Inhibition of activated receptor tyrosine kinases by Sunitinib induces growth arrest and sensitizes melanoma cells to Bortezomib by blocking Akt pathway. Int J Cancer 2011; 130:967-78. [PMID: 21445974 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Accepted: 03/07/2011] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the use of multiple therapeutic strategies, metastatic melanoma remains a challenge for oncologists. Thus, new approaches using combinational treatment may be used to try to improve the prognosis of this disease. In this report, we have analyzed the expression of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in melanoma specimens and in four metastatic melanoma cell lines. Both melanoma specimens and cell lines expressed RTKs, suggesting that they may represent eventual targets for multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor, Suntinib. Sunitinib reduced the proliferation of two melanoma cell lines (M16 and M17) and increased apoptosis in one of them (M16). Moreover, the two metastatic melanoma cell lines harbored an activated receptor (PDGFRα and VEGFR, respectively), and Sunitinib suppressed the phosphorylation of the RTKs and their downstream targets Akt and ribosomal protein S6, in these two cell lines. Similar results were obtained when either PDGFRα or VEGFR2 expression was silenced by lentiviral-mediated short-hairpin RNA delivery in M16 and M17, respectively. To evaluate the interaction between Sunitinib and Bortezomib, median dose effect analysis using MTT assay was performed, and combination index was calculated. Bortezomib synergistically enhanced the Sunitinib-induced growth arrest in Sunitinib-sensitive cells (combination index < 1). Moreover, LY294002, a PI3K inhibitor, sensitized melanoma cells to Bortezomib treatment, suggesting that downregulation of phospho-Akt by Sunitinib mediates the synergy obtained by Bortezomib + Sunitinib cotreatment. Altogether, our results suggest that melanoma cells harboring an activated RTK may be clinically responsive to pharmacologic RTK inhibition by Sunitinib, and a strategy combining Sunitinib and Bortezomib, may provide therapeutic benefit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andree Yeramian
- Pathology Group, Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Yeramian A, Santacana M, Sorolla A, Llobet D, Encinas M, Velasco A, Bahi N, Eritja N, Domingo M, Oliva E, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Nuclear factor-κB2/p100 promotes endometrial carcinoma cell survival under hypoxia in a HIF-1α independent manner. J Transl Med 2011; 91:859-71. [PMID: 21537326 DOI: 10.1038/labinvest.2011.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometrial carcinoma (EC) is a common female cancer, treated mainly by surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. Relapse following treatment is associated with increased risk of metastases. Hypoxia, a common microenvironment in solid tumors, correlates with malignant progression, rendering tumors resistant to ionizing therapy. Hence, we assessed here the immunohistochemical expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and members of the NF-κB family in 82 primary EC and 10 post-radiation recurrences of EC. Post-radiation recurrences were highly hypoxic, with a higher expression of HIF-1α and also RelA (p65) and p52 when compared with primary EC. We next investigated the effects of hypoxia on EC cell lines. We found that EC cell lines are highly resistant to hypoxia-induced apoptosis. We thus focused on the molecular mechanisms involved in conferring hypoxic cell death resistance. We show that in addition to the classical NF-κB, hypoxia activates the alternative NF-κB pathway. To characterize the upstream kinases involved in the activation of these pathways, we used lentiviral-mediated knockdown and mouse embryonic fibroblasts lacking IKKα and IKKβ kinases. Both IKKα and IKKβ kinases are required for RelA (p65) and p100 accumulation, whereas p52 processing under hypoxia is IKKα dependent. Furthermore, Ishikawa endometrial cell line harboring either RelA (p65) or p52 short-hairpin RNA was sensitive to hypoxia-induced cell death, indicating that, in addition to the known prosurvival role of RelA (p65) under hypoxia, alternative NF-κB pathway also enhances hypoxic survival of EC cells. Interestingly, although HIF-1α controlled classical NF-κB activation pathway and survival under hypoxia through RelA (p65) nuclear accumulation, the alternative pathway was HIF-1α independent. These findings have important clinical implications for the improvement of EC prognosis before radiotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andree Yeramian
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Laboratori de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Lleida, Univeristy of Lleida, IRBLleida, lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Velasco A, Pallares J, Santacana M, Gatius S, Fernandez M, Domingo M, Valls J, Yeramian A, Encinas M, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Promoter hypermethylation and expression of sprouty 2 in endometrial carcinoma. Hum Pathol 2011; 42:185-93. [PMID: 21111454 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2010.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2010] [Revised: 08/02/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
40
|
Martinez-Alonso M, Llecha N, Mayorga ME, Sorolla A, Dolcet X, Sanmartin V, Abal L, Casanova JM, Baradad M, Yeramian A, Egido R, Puig S, Vilella R, Matias-Guiu X, Marti RM. Expression of somatostatin receptors in human melanoma cell lines: effect of two different somatostatin analogues, octreotide and SOM230, on cell proliferation. J Int Med Res 2010; 37:1813-22. [PMID: 20146879 DOI: 10.1177/147323000903700617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatostatin analogues (SAs) are potential anticancer agents. This study was designed to investigate the expression of somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) in melanoma cells and the effect of two SAs on cell proliferation and viability. Eighteen primary and metastatic human cutaneous melanoma cell lines were treated with octreotide and SOM230. Expression of SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3 and SSTR5 was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Proliferation, viability and cell death were assessed using standard assays. Inhibition was modelled by mixed-effect regression. Melanoma cells expressed one or more SSTR. Both SAs inhibited proliferation of most melanoma cell lines, but inhibition was < 50%. Neither SA affected cell viability or induced cell death. The results suggest that melanoma cell lines express SSTRs. The SAs investigated, under the conditions used in this study, did not, however, significantly inhibit melanoma growth or induce cell death. Novel SAs, combination therapy with SAs and their anti-angiogenic properties should be further investigated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Martinez-Alonso
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRB-Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Llobet D, Eritja N, Yeramian A, Pallares J, Sorolla A, Domingo M, Santacana M, Gonzalez-Tallada F, Matias-Guiu X, Dolcet X. The multikinase inhibitor Sorafenib induces apoptosis and sensitises endometrial cancer cells to TRAIL by different mechanisms. Eur J Cancer 2010; 46:836-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2009.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
|
42
|
Monge M, Doll A, Colas E, Gil-Moreno A, Castellvi J, Garcia A, Colome N, Perez-Benavente A, Pedrola N, Lopez-Lopez R, Dolcet X, Ramon y Cajal S, Xercavins J, Matias-Guiu X, Canals F, Reventos J, Abal M. Subtractive proteomic approach to the endometrial carcinoma invasion front. J Proteome Res 2010; 8:4676-84. [PMID: 19691290 DOI: 10.1021/pr900390t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Tumor invasion defines the transition between tissue-restricted carcinomas, related to good outcome as optimal surgery becomes possible, and metastatic tumors associated with poor prognosis and a dramatic decrease in survival. In endometrial cancer, myometrial infiltration represents a determinant parameter highly valuable in prognosis. To date, the identification of proteins involved in endometrial carcinoma invasion has been essentially conducted by immunohistochemical methods, without a global perception on the invasive front. Laser microdissection presents nowadays limitations to the profound spatiotemporal regulation from both the tumor and the surrounding stroma occurring at the invasive front. In this work, we attempted an alternative proteomic approach to characterize specific components of the tumor invasive front or its reactive stroma, by comparing the invasive area of an endometrial carcinoma with the noninvasive superficial tumor area and normal tissue from the same patients. This strategy led us to identify proteins involved in cellular morphology, assembly and movement, differentially expressed at the invasive front, as well as pathways like cell-to-cell signaling and interaction and a modulated response to oxidative stress as events related to endometrial carcinoma invasion. In conclusion, we could identify new players of myometrial infiltration by applying a subtractive proteomic approach to the endometrial carcinoma invasion front.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Monge
- Biomedical Research Unit, Research Institute Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Pg. Vall d'Hebron 119-129, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tarragona J, Llecha N, Santacana M, Lopez S, Gatius S, Llobet D, Dolcet X, Palomar-Asenjo V, Gonzalez-Tallada FJ, Matias-Guiu X. DcR1 expression in endometrial carcinomas. Virchows Arch 2009; 456:39-44. [PMID: 19936781 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-009-0855-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2009] [Revised: 09/21/2009] [Accepted: 10/22/2009] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a member of the TNF family, which mediates apoptosis by the extrinsic pathway. Up-regulation of decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2, may result in diminished binding of TRAIL to their functional receptors. DcR1 expression was assessed in normal endometrial tissue (NE) and endometrial carcinoma (EC) samples by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IHC was performed in two tissue microarrays; one composed of 80 samples of NE and a second one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 62 EC. For quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis, RNA was obtained from 19 NE and 28 EC samples using Trizol. mRNA expression of DcR1 was assessed with Taqman-based assays in an Abi-Prism 700 SDS. Results were correlated with stage, histological type, and grade. By IHC, cytoplasmic expression of DcR1 was frequently seen in NE (79.6%) and varied according to the menstrual cycle. Positive DcR1 immunostaining was also detected in EC (98.1% of the cases) without any specific statistical association with histological type, grade, and stage. By quantitative real-time PCR, all NE had similar levels of DcR1expression (0.8-1.7 RQ), which were considered the basal levels of DcR1 expression in NE. Increased DcR1 expression (> or =5-fold higher than the basal levels) was detected in 13 of 28 EC (46.4%). High DcR1 expression levels were found in ECs of different stages: IA, four of 12 (33%); IB, two of four (50%); IC, four of six (66%); and IIA and IIB three of six (50%). Results suggest that DcR1 expression occurs in a subset of EC and may contribute to resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Tarragona
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida IRBLLEIDA, Av Alcalde Rovira Roure 80, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Pallares J, Santacana M, Puente S, Lopez S, Yeramian A, Eritja N, Sorolla A, Llobet D, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. A review of the applications of tissue microarray technology in understanding the molecular features of endometrial carcinoma. Anal Quant Cytol Histol 2009; 31:217-226. [PMID: 19736869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review the literature regarding the use of tissue microarray (TMA) technology in understanding the biology, diagnosis and prognosis of endometrial carcinoma (EC). STUDY DESIGN This review of TMA technology in EC was based on a large number of published articles. We focused on the use of TMA technology as a tool to gain insight in endometrial carcinogenesis and to validate data obtained from DNA microarrays, proteomics and cellular models. RESULTS We summarized the technical aspects of the 37 articles that were reviewed. The number of EC cases in each series varied from 32-485 (median, 128). The number of cores ranged from 1-4 (median, 2), and the size of the cores ranged from 0.6-2 mm (median, 0.6 mm). Only 3 studies applied fluorescence in situ hybridization technology, while the remaining 34 studies used immunohistochemistry. CONCLUSION TMA can help to establish new prognostic markers and to define protein biomarkers that help in differential diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Pallares
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Matias-guiu X, Dolcet X, Llobet D, Poveda A, Pallares J, Eritia N, Yeramian A, Sorolla A, Ortega E, Llombart-Cussac A. Targeting the extrinsic apoptotic pathway in endometrial carcinoma cell lines and tumor cell explants. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e16555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
e16555 Background: Endometrial carcinoma (EC) frequently shows deregulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. One of the critical regulators of apoptosis resistance in EC is FLIP, under the control of NFkB and a cellular complex composed of CK2, KSR1, and BRAF. Methods: Four different EC cell lines, which are known to exhibit resistance to TRAIL/FAS-induced apoptosis (Ishikawa, KLE, HEC1A, and RL-95) were exposed to various pharmacologic substances that target proteins involved in the regulation of the extrinsic apoptotic pathway and receptor tyrosine kinases including bortezomib, sorafenib, sunitinib, DRB, apigenin, MG-132, epoxomicin, and ALLN. Moreover, EC cell lines were subjected to down-regulation of several of these genes (FLIP, CK2, KSR1, and BRAF) by shRNA. Cell viability and apoptotic morphology was determined. Results were validated in tumor cell explants. Results: Bortezomib induced cell death on EC cells and primary explants to a 70% extent. However, 100% of treated explants and cell lines activated NF-kB instead of blocking its transcriptional potential. Combination of sunitinib plus bortezomib induced 75% fold reduction in NFkB activity and induced a 5% of synergistic increse of apoptotic cell death in Ishikawa cells. Treatment of the four cell lines with TRAIL failed to induce cell death. However, FLIP knock-down sensitized the cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis (80%). Moreover, down-regulation of CK2, KSR1, and BRAF by pharmacological inhibition, or shRNA, reduced FLIP cellular levels, and induced TRAIL-dependent apoptosis in 70%-100% of EC cell lines tested. Sorafenib induced a dose-dependent cell death in all four cell lines, to a 70%-100% extent at 48 hours. Conclusions: In vitro pharmacologic targeting of the apoptotic pathway effectively induces cell death in EC cell lines. These findings justify clinical trials with these agents in EC. [Table: see text]
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X. Matias-guiu
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - X. Dolcet
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - D. Llobet
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Poveda
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - J. Pallares
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - N. Eritia
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Yeramian
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Sorolla
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - E. Ortega
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| | - A. Llombart-Cussac
- Hospital Universitario Arnau Vilanova, IRB_Lleida, Lleida, Spain; Fundación Instituto Valenciano Oncologia, Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Ortega E, Marti RM, Yeramian A, Sorolla A, Dolcet X, Llobet D, Abal L, Santacana M, Pallares J, Llombart-Cussac A, Matias-Guiu X. Targeted therapies in gynecologic cancers and melanoma. Semin Diagn Pathol 2008; 25:262-73. [PMID: 19013892 DOI: 10.1053/j.semdp.2008.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The article reviews the main molecular pathology alterations of endometrial and ovarian carcinomas and melanoma. Several promising drugs targeting the genes most frequently altered in these tumors are under consideration. The most promising signaling pathways to be targeted for therapies in these tumors are the tyrosine kinase receptor (EGFR, HER2, c-KIT), the RAS/B-RAF/MAPK, the PI3K-mTOR, and apoptosis signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Ortega
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dermatology, and Pathology, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida-IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Pallares J, Llobet D, Santacana M, Eritja N, Velasco A, Cuevas D, Lopez S, Palomar-Asenjo V, Yeramian A, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. CK2beta is expressed in endometrial carcinoma and has a role in apoptosis resistance and cell proliferation. The American Journal of Pathology 2008; 174:287-96. [PMID: 19056846 DOI: 10.2353/ajpath.2009.080552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that participates in important cellular processes. We have recently demonstrated that CK2 plays a role in resistance to TRAIL/Fas-induced apoptosis in endometrial carcinoma (EC) by regulating FLIP. Here, we assessed the immunohistochemical expression of CK2beta in EC and checked its role in cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth. CK2beta immunostaining was assessed in two tissue microarrays, one constructed from paraffin-embedded blocks of 95 ECs and another from 70 samples of normal endometrium. CK2beta expression was correlated with histological type; grade and stage; cell proliferation (Ki-67) and apoptotic index; immunostaining for cyclin D1, PTEN, AKT, beta-catenin, and FLIP. Moreover, the Ishikawa EC cell line was subjected to down-regulation of CK2 by shRNA. CK2beta expression was frequent in EC (nuclear, 100%; cytoplasmic, 87.5%). The staining was more intense in EC than in normal endometrium (P = 0.000), and statistically correlated with AKT, PTEN, beta-catenin, and FLIP. In EC, CK2beta expression correlated with cell proliferation. Knock-down of CK2beta blocked colony formation of EC in soft agar, and also resulted in decreased expression of cyclin D1 and ERK phosphorylation. The results confirm that CK2beta is widely expressed in EC, and suggest a role in cell proliferation and anchorage-independent cell growth.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Pallares
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Renal morphogenesis requires a balance between positive and negative signals, which are provided in part by the receptor tyrosine kinase Ret and the putative tumor suppressor Sprouty1, respectively. Tyrosine 1062 of Ret is a binding site for several adaptor and effector proteins, such as Grb2/Sos/Ras, which activate the ERK pathway. Mice lacking Ret tyrosine 1062 nearly mimic the phenotype of Ret-knockout mice, which includes renal agenesis. Sprouty1 regulates Ret activity by modulating the ERK pathway, but the mechanism by which this occurs is uncertain. Here, we show that loss of Sprouty1 rescues the renal agenesis and early postnatal lethality caused by lack of Ret tyrosine 1062. The kidneys and lower urinary tracts of double-mutant mice developed normally. This effect was specific to the urinary system, because loss of Sprouty1 did not rescue the defects in the enteric nervous system characteristic of animals lacking Ret tyrosine 1062. These results suggest that Sprouty1 can modulate ERK signaling downstream of Ret, independent of Grb2/Sos/Ras, during renal morphogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esteban J Rozen
- Cell Signaling and Apoptosis Group, Institut de Recerca Biomedica de Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Llobet D, Pallares J, Yeramian A, Santacana M, Eritja N, Velasco A, Dolcet X, Matias-Guiu X. Molecular pathology of endometrial carcinoma: practical aspects from the diagnostic and therapeutic viewpoints. J Clin Pathol 2008; 62:777-85. [PMID: 18977806 DOI: 10.1136/jcp.2008.056101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the main molecular alterations involved in endometrial carcinoma. Five molecular features (microsatellite instability, and mutations in the PTEN, k-RAS, PIK3CA and beta-catenin genes) are characteristic of endometrioid carcinomas, whereas non-endometrioid carcinomas show alterations of p53, loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on several chromosomes, as well as other molecular alterations (STK15, p16, E-cadherin and C-erb B2). The review also covers the phenomenon of apoptosis resistance, as well as the results obtained from cDNA array studies, and the perspectives for targeted therapies. A group of practical applications of molecular pathology techniques are also mentioned: diagnosis of hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer syndrome in patients with endometrial carcinoma; evaluation of precursor lesions; prognosis; diagnosis, particularly for synchronous endometrioid carcinomas of the uterus and the ovaries; and targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Llobet
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Genetics and Research Laboratory, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova, University of Lleida, Irblleida, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Cardus A, Panizo S, Encinas M, Dolcet X, Gallego C, Aldea M, Fernandez E, Valdivielso JM. 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulates VEGF production through a vitamin D response element in the VEGF promoter. Atherosclerosis 2008; 204:85-9. [PMID: 18834982 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2008.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2008] [Revised: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 08/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies we have demonstrated that the active form of vitamin D (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) increases vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and release in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in vitro. However, the mechanism by which 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) increases VEGF production is currently unknown. In this work, we demonstrated binding of vitamin D receptor to two response elements in the VEGF promoter. We performed promoter transactivation analysis and we observed that, in 293T cells, VEGF promoter was activated after vitamin D treatment. Using site-directed mutagenesis we have shown that both response elements are important for VEGF promoter activity. Therefore, the increase in VEGF expression and secretion induced by 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) in VSMC in vitro could be explained by direct binding of the vitamin D receptor, as a transcription factor, to VEGF promoter. These results could explain part of the beneficial effects of vitamin D treatment in renal patients by a possible VEGF-mediated improvement of the endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cardus
- Laboratorio de Investigación, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLLEIDA, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|