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Huang WQ, Zou Y, Tian Y, Ma XF, Zhou QY, Li ZY, Gong SX, Wang AP. Mammalian Target of Rapamycin as the Therapeutic Target of Vascular Proliferative Diseases: Past, Present, and Future. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2022; 79:444-455. [PMID: 34983907 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000001208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT The abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a key pathological characteristic of vascular proliferative diseases. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that plays an important role in regulating cell growth, motility, proliferation, and survival, as well as gene expression in response to hypoxia, growth factors, and nutrients. Increasing evidence shows that mTOR also regulates VSMC proliferation in vascular proliferative diseases and that mTOR inhibitors, such as rapamycin, effectively restrain VSMC proliferation. However, the molecular mechanisms linking mTOR to vascular proliferative diseases remain elusive. In our review, we summarize the key roles of the mTOR and the recent discoveries in vascular proliferative diseases, focusing on the therapeutic potential of mTOR inhibitors to target the mTOR signaling pathway for the treatment of vascular proliferative diseases. In this study, we discuss mTOR inhibitors as promising candidates to prevent VSMC-associated vascular proliferative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qian Huang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yan Zou
- Department of Hand and Foot Surgery, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China ; and
| | - Ying Tian
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ma
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Qin-Yi Zhou
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Zhen-Yu Li
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Shao-Xin Gong
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Ai-Ping Wang
- Institute of Clinical Research, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience Research, Hengyang Key Laboratory of Neurodegeneration and Cognitive Impairment, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
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Zhang L, Yu Z, Qu Q, Li X, Lu X, Zhang H. Exosomal lncRNA HOTAIR Promotes the Progression and Angiogenesis of Endometriosis via the miR-761/HDAC1 Axis and Activation of STAT3-Mediated Inflammation. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:1155-1170. [PMID: 35321026 PMCID: PMC8935629 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s354314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and exosomes are implicated in endometriosis development. We measured the expression of an exosomal lncRNA, homeobox transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), and explored its molecular mechanism in endometriosis progression. Methods Expression of HOTAIR and microRNA (miR)-761 in different endometrial tissues was measured. Exosomes were isolated from a culture medium of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). RT-qPCR was used to measure HOTAIR expression in different exosome types. CCK-8, Edu, wound healing, transwell assays, flow cytometry and tube formation were used to detect the role of exosomal HOTAIR on ESCs and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The relationship among miR-761, HOTAIR, and histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assay. ESCs were transfected with miR-761 mimics or HDAC1 small interfering RNA (si-RNA) to ascertain if alterations in expression of miR-761 or HDAC1 could reverse the effect of exosomal HOTAIR. Then, we detected the effect of the HOTAIR/miR-761/HDAC1 axis on signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-mediated inflammation. In vivo experiments were conducted to verify in vitro results. Results HOTAIR expression was upregulated and miR-761 expression was downregulated in ectopic endometrium tissues. HOTAIR was packaged into exosomes and transported from ESCs to surrounding cells. Exosomal HOTAIR promoted the proliferation, migration, and invasion, and inhibited the apoptosis of ESCs. Angiogenesis of HUVECs was enhanced after cultured with exosomal HOTAIR. HOTAIR acted as a competing endogenous RNA to downregulate miR-761 and increase HDAC1 expression. miR-761 overexpression or HDAC1 knockdown reversed the role of exosomal HOTAIR on ESCs and HUVECs. The HOTAIR/miR-761/HDAC1 axis could activate STAT3-related proinflammatory cytokines and stattic (inhibitor of phosphorylated-STAT3) could reverse the effect of HOTAIR on ESCs and HUVECs. In vivo experiments suggested that exosomal HOTAIR promoted the growth of endometrial lesions in vivo. Conclusion Exosomal HOTAIR promoted the progression and angiogenesis of endometriosis by regulating the miR-761/HDAC1 axis and activating STAT3-mediated inflammation in vitro and in vivo, which may provide promising treatment for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zitong Yu
- Department of Obstetrics, Shouguang People’s Hospital, Shouguang, 262700, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingxi Qu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Hui Zhang, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, No. 107 Wenhua West Road, Jinan, 250012, People’s Republic of China, Email
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Mo L, Jiang HB, Tian GR, Lu GJ. The proliferation and migration of atherosclerosis-related HVSMCs were inhibited by downregulation of lncRNA XIST via regulation of the miR-761/BMP9 axis. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2021; 38:18-29. [PMID: 34595819 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease that can be caused by the proliferation and migration of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs). Here, we found that lncRNA XIST was related to the abnormal proliferation and migration of HVSMCs, and thus, the mechanism by which XIST regulated HVSMCs was further investigated. HVSMCs were treated with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL, 100 μg/ml) as AS models. CCK8 assays, flow cytometry, Transwell assays and wound healing assays were applied to evaluate cell viability, cell cycle analysis, and cell migration, respectively. A dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to verify the binding relationships between XIST and miR-761, miR-761, and BMP9. Ox-LDL induced the proliferation and migration of HVSMCs, upregulated the expression of XIST, downregulated miR-761 expression, and activated the BMP9/ALK1/endoglin pathway. Luciferase assays revealed that XIST sponged miR-761. XIST knockdown ameliorated ox-LDL-mediated effects in HVSMCs, which were largely abolished by miR-761 silencing. BMP9 was targeted-inhibited by miR-761. MiR-761 overexpression alleviated ox-LDL-mediated effects in HVSMCs. However, BMP9 overexpression abolished miR-761-mediated effects in HVSMCs treated with ox-LDL. Our findings suggested that XIST knockdown suppressed the proliferation and migration of HVSMCs by promoting miR-761, which targeted-inhibited the BMP9/ALK1/endoglin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Mo
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Heng-Bo Jiang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yongzhou Vocation & Technology College of Hunan Province, Yongzhou, Hunan Province, China
| | - Gui-Ru Tian
- Department of Cardiology, People's Hospital of Sangzhi County of Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China
| | - Gui-Jing Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
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MiR-377-3p inhibits atherosclerosis-associated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration via targeting neuropilin2. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:223827. [PMID: 32373927 PMCID: PMC7295640 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are vital to atherosclerosis (AS) development and plaque rupture. MicroRNA-377-3p (miR-377-3p) has been reported to inhibit AS in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice. Herein, the mechanism underlying the effect of miR-377-3p on alleviating AS is explored. In vivo experiments, ApoE−/− mice were fed with high-fat diet (HFD) to induce AS and treated with miR-377-3p agomir or negative control agomir (agomir-NC) on week 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 after HFD feeding. MiR-377-3p was found to restore HFD-induced AS lesions and expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, α-smooth muscle actin (α-actin) and calponin. In in vitro experiments, human VSMCs were tranfected with miR-377-3p agomir or agomir-NC, followed by treatment with oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). MiR-377-3p was observed to significantly inhibit ox-LDL-induced VSMC proliferation characterized by inhibited cell viability, expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1 and cyclin E and cell cycle transition from G1 to S phase accompanied with less 5-Ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU)-positive cells. Furthermore, MiR-377-3p significantly inhibited ox-LDL-induced VSMC migration characterized by inhibited wound closure and decreased relative VSMC migration. Besides, neuropilin2 (NRP2) was verified as a target of miR-377-3p. MiR-377-3p was observed to inhibit NRP2 expressions in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, miR-377-3p significantly inhibited MMP-2 and MMP-9 expressions in human VSMCs. Additionally, miR-377-3p-induced inhibition of VSMC proliferation and migration could be attenuated by NRP2 overexpression. These results indicated that miR-377-3p inhibited VSMC proliferation and migration via targeting NRP2. The present study provides an underlying mechanism for miR-377-3p-based AS therapy.
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Silencing of Long Noncoding RNA Zinc Finger Antisense 1 Protects Against Hypoxia/Reoxygenation-induced Injury in HL-1 Cells Through Targeting the miR-761/Cell Death Inducing p53 Target 1 Axis. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 76:564-573. [DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Wang C, Yang W, Liang X, Song W, Lin J, Sun Y, Guan X. MicroRNA-761 modulates foam cell formation and inflammation through autophagy in the progression of atherosclerosis. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 474:135-146. [PMID: 32772311 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03839-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage-derived foam cells formation is the initial stage of atherosclerosis, and lipid-laden macrophage accumulation is also considered as the symbol of unstable plaque. Autophagy is a subcellular process responsible for the degradation of damaged organelles and aggregated proteins in cells (Grootaert in Oxid Med Cell Longev: 7687083, 2018). Macrophage autophagy plays an important role in atherosclerosis under various stress conditions, and microRNAs are involved in this complicated process. The present study was programmed to explore the effects of microRNA-761 on macrophage-derived foam cell formation, focusing on the role of autophagy in this pathological process. The differentiated human THP-1 macrophages were used in the study. THP-1-derived macrophages were treated with miR-761 mimics or inhibitors and cultured with oxidized low-density lipoprotein to mimic the lipid-rich environment in blood vessel. The expression of miR-761 and mRNA levels of IL-1β and IL-18 were analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR. The effect of miR-761 on autophagy was evaluated by the protein levels of Beclin1, p62/SQSTM1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1 (ULK1), determined by immunoblot and autophagic flux detected by fluorescent staining. The secretion of IL-1β and IL-18 was tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent reaction kit. Lipid accumulation in foam cells was detected by oil red "O" staining. We demonstrated that miR-761 was able to repress foam cell formation and reduce the production of atherogenic inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18 in an autophagy-dependent manner in atherosclerosis, possibly via mTOR-ULK1 signaling pathway. In summary, we described an athero-protective function of miR-761 in macrophages incubated with excess ox-LDL and identified an important novel modulator of mTOR signaling and autophagy in macrophage-derived foam cells. This finding may provide a potential target for the prevention and early treatment in high-risk group of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofei Liang
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Lin
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuru Guan
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, NanGang, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Ni YQ, Lin X, Zhan JK, Liu YS. Roles and Functions of Exosomal Non-coding RNAs in Vascular Aging. Aging Dis 2020; 11:164-178. [PMID: 32010490 PMCID: PMC6961769 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a progressive loss of physiological integrity and functionality process which increases susceptibility and mortality to diseases. Vascular aging is a specific type of organic aging. The structure and function changes of endothelial cells (ECs) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are the main cause of vascular aging, which could influence the threshold, process, and severity of vascular related diseases. Accumulating evidences demonstrate that exosomes serve as novel intercellular information communicator between cell to cell by delivering variety biologically active cargos, especially exosomal non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which are associated with most of aging-related biological and functional disorders. In this review, we will summerize the emerging roles and mechanisms of exosomal ncRNAs in vascular aging and vascular aging related diseases, focusing on the role of exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs in regulating the functions of ECs and VSMCs. Moreover, the relationship between the ECs and VSMCs linked by exosomes, the potential diagnostic and therapeutic application of exosomes in vascular aging and the clinical evaluation and treatment of vascular aging and vascular aging related diseases will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jun-Kun Zhan
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - You-Shuo Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Institute of Aging and Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
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Wu YT, Bi YM, Tan ZB, Xie LP, Xu HL, Fan HJ, Chen HM, Li J, Liu B, Zhou YC. Tanshinone I inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by targeting insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signaling pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:93-102. [PMID: 30878387 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a critical role in arterial remodeling during various vascular diseases including atherosclerosis and hypertension. Tanshinone I, a major component of Salvia miltiorrhiza, exerts protective effects against cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the effects of tanshinone I on VSMC proliferation, as well as the underlying mechanisms. We found that this compound inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs in a dose-dependent manner, based on 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) and 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine (EdU) assays. Western blotting demonstrated that tanshinone I inhibited the expression of proliferation-related proteins, including cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cyclin D3, and cyclin D1, in a dose-dependent manner. Molecular docking showed that this compound docked to the inhibitor-binding site of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) receptor (IGF-1R), and the binding energy between tanshinone I and IGF-1R was -9.021 kcal/mol. Molecular dynamic simulations showed that the IGF-1R-tanshinone I binding was stable. We also found that tanshinone I dose-dependently inhibited IGF-1R activation and its downstream molecules, insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, phosphatidylinositol-3-Kinase (PI3K), Akt, glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (GSK3β), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), 70S6K, and ribosomal protein S6 (RPS6). Notably, activation of IGF-1R by recombinant IGF-1 rescued the activity of IGF-1R and its downstream molecules, and the proliferation of tanshinone I-treated VSMC. In addition, blocking PI3K signaling with LY294002 showed the important role of this pathway in tanshinone I-mediated suppression of VSMC proliferation. Collectively, these data demonstrated that tanshinone I might inhibit VSMC proliferation by inhibiting IGF-1R/PI3K signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yi-Ming Bi
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhang-Bin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ling-Peng Xie
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hong-Lin Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hui-Jie Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hong-Mei Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Guangzhou Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510260, China.
| | - Ying-Chun Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Pietruczuk P, Jain A, Simo-Cheyou ER, Anand-Srivastava MB, Srivastava AK. Protein kinase B/AKT mediates insulin-like growth factor 1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear export of histone deacetylase 5 via NADPH oxidase 4 activation in vascular smooth muscle cells. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:17337-17350. [PMID: 30793765 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) mediates the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activation of growth promoting signaling pathways. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) regulate gene transcription by deacetylating lysine residues in histone and nonhistone proteins and a heightened HDAC activation, notably of HDAC5, is associated with vascular disorders, such as atherosclerosis. Although the contribution of IGF-1 in these pathologies is well documented, its role in HDAC phosphorylation and activation remains unexplored. Here, we examined the effect of IGF-1 on HDAC5 phosphorylation in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and identified the signaling pathways involved in controlling HDAC5 phosphorylation and nuclear export. Treatment of A10 VSMCs with IGF-1 enhanced HDAC5 phosphorylation. Blockade of the IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinase (TK) activity with the specific pharmacological inhibitor, AG1024, significantly inhibited IGF-1-induced HDAC5 phosphorylation, whereas the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TK antagonist, AG1478, had no effect. Inhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway with U0126, SP600125, or SB203580, did not affect HDAC5 phosphorylation, whereas two inhibitors of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathways, wortmannin and SC66, almost completely attenuated IGF-1-induced responses as confirmed by immunoblotting of phospho-HDAC5 and by small interfering RNA (siRNA)-induced AKT silencing. Moreover, the NAD(P)H oxidase (Nox) inhibitor, diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), and Nox4 siRNA, attenuated IGF-1-induced phosphorylation of HDAC5 and AKT. The HDAC5 phosphorylation resulted in its nuclear export, which was reversed by SC66 and DPI. Our results indicate that IGF-1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear export of HDAC5 involve Nox4-dependent ROS generation and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Pietruczuk
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Montreal Diabetes Research Center and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Ashish Jain
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Montreal Diabetes Research Center and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Estelle R Simo-Cheyou
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Montreal Diabetes Research Center and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada
| | - Madhu B Anand-Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ashok K Srivastava
- Laboratory of Cellular Signaling, Montreal Diabetes Research Center and Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada
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Li HY, Leu YL, Wu YC, Wang SH. Melatonin Inhibits in Vitro Smooth Muscle Cell Inflammation and Proliferation and Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:1889-1901. [PMID: 30661353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b06217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and proliferation play important roles in atherosclerosis progression. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms responsible for the anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative effects of melatonin on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)- and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB)-treated rat aortic smooth muscle cells (RASMCs). Melatonin reduced TNF-α-induced RASMC inflammation by decreasing vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) P65 activity by inhibiting P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation ( P < 0.05). Additionally, melatonin inhibited PDGF-BB-induced RASMC proliferation by reducing mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) phosphorylation ( P < 0.05) but not migration in vitro. Melatonin also reduced TNF-α- and PDGF-BB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin treatment (prevention and treatment groups) significantly repressed high cholesterol diet-stimulated atherosclerotic lesions in vivo (19.59 ± 4.11%, 20.28 ± 5.63%, 32.26 ± 12.06%, respectively, P < 0.05). Taken together, the present study demonstrated that melatonin attenuated TNF-α-induced RASMC inflammation and PDGF-BB-induced RASMC proliferation in cells and reduced atherosclerotic lesions in mice. These results showed that melatonin has anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties and may be a novel therapeutic target in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Yuan Li
- Department of Internal Medicine , National Taiwan University Hospital , Taipei , Taiwan
| | - Yann-Lii Leu
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chang Gung Memorial Hospital , Taoyuan , Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chieh Wu
- Department of Nursing , Ching-Kuo Institute of Management and Health , Keelung , Taiwan
| | - Shu-Huei Wang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology , College of Medicine, National Taiwan University , Taipei , Taiwan
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Xu MM, Deng HY, Li HH. MicroRNA-27a regulates angiotensin II-induced vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by targeting α-smooth muscle-actin in vitro. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 509:973-977. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.01.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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The microRNAs Regulating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation: A Minireview. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020324. [PMID: 30646627 PMCID: PMC6359109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation plays a critical role in atherosclerosis. At the beginning of the pathologic process of atherosclerosis, irregular VSMC proliferation promotes plaque formation, but in advanced plaques VSMCs are beneficial, promoting the stability and preventing rupture of the fibrous cap. Recent studies have demonstrated that microRNAs (miRNAs) expressed in the vascular system are involved in the control of VSMC proliferation. This review summarizes recent findings on the miRNAs in the regulation of VSMC proliferation, including miRNAs that exhibit the inhibition or promotion of VSMC proliferation, and their targets mediating the regulation of VSMC proliferation. Up to now, most of the studies were performed only in cultured VSMC. While the modulation of miRNAs is emerging as a promising strategy for the regulation of VSMC proliferation, most of the effects of miRNAs and their targets in vivo require further investigation.
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Lee J, Heo J, Kang H. miR-92b-3p-TSC1 axis is critical for mTOR signaling-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation induced by hypoxia. Cell Death Differ 2018; 26:1782-1795. [PMID: 30518907 PMCID: PMC6748132 DOI: 10.1038/s41418-018-0243-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) undergo proliferation by the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway under hypoxia. Hypoxia induces expression of a specific set of microRNAs (miRNAs) in a variety of cell types. We integrated genomic analyses of both small non-coding RNA and coding transcripts using next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based RNA sequencing with the molecular mechanism of the mTOR signaling pathway in hypoxic PASMCs. These analyses revealed hypoxia-induced miR-92b-3p as a potent regulator of the mTOR signaling pathway. We demonstrated that miR-92b-3p directly targets the 3′-UTR of a negative regulator in the mTOR signaling pathway, TSC1. mTOR signaling and consequent cell proliferation were promoted by enforced expression of miR-92b-3p but inhibited by knocking down endogenous miR-92b-3p. Furthermore, inhibition of miR-92b-3p attenuated hypoxia-induced proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Therefore, this study elucidates a novel role of miR-92b-3p as a hypoxamir in the regulation of the mTOR signaling pathway and the pathological VSMC proliferative response under hypoxia. These findings will help us better understand the miRNA-mediated molecular mechanism of the proliferative response of hypoxic VSMCs through the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongyeon Heo
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 406-772, Republic of Korea
| | - Hara Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, 406-772, Republic of Korea.
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Emerging Role of mTOR Signaling-Related miRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:6141902. [PMID: 30305865 PMCID: PMC6165581 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6141902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanistic/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), an atypical serine/threonine kinase of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase- (PI3K-) related kinase family, elicits a vital role in diverse cellular processes, including cellular growth, proliferation, survival, protein synthesis, autophagy, and metabolism. In the cardiovascular system, the mTOR signaling pathway integrates both intracellular and extracellular signals and serves as a central regulator of both physiological and pathological processes. MicroRNAs (miRs), a class of short noncoding RNA, are an emerging intricate posttranscriptional modulator of critical gene expression for the development and maintenance of homeostasis across a wide array of tissues, including the cardiovascular system. Over the last decade, numerous studies have revealed an interplay between miRNAs and the mTOR signaling circuit in the different cardiovascular pathophysiology, like myocardial infarction, hypertrophy, fibrosis, heart failure, arrhythmia, inflammation, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we provide a comprehensive state of the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of interactions between the mTOR signaling pathway and miRs. We have also highlighted the latest advances on mTOR-targeted therapy in clinical trials and the new perspective therapeutic strategies with mTOR-targeting miRs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 2 Inhibits Angiotensin II-Induced Proliferation and Inflammation in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:1547452. [PMID: 30186848 PMCID: PMC6110007 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1547452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Protein arginine methyltransferase 2 (PRMT2) protects against vascular injury-induced intimal hyperplasia; however, little is known about the role of PRMT2 in angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced VSMCs proliferation and inflammation. This research aims to determine whether PRMT2 inhibits Ang II-induced proliferation and inflammation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Materials and Methods PRMT2 overexpression was used to elucidate the role of PRMT2 in Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation and inflammation. Western blotting and reverse transcriptional PCR were adopted to detect protein and mRNA expression severally. Cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay and cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry. Results Ang II significantly reduced mRNA and protein levels of PRMT2 in VSMCs in time-dependent and dose-dependent manner. Results of PRMT2 overexpression indicated that PRMT2 inhibited proliferation of VSMCs stimulated with 100 nmol/L Ang II for 24 hours. Furthermore, overexpression of PRMT2 reduced Ang II-induced production of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in VSMCs. Conclusions These findings suggest that PRMT2 alleviates Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation and inflammation, providing a new mechanism about how Ang II mediated VSMCs proliferation and inflammation.
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Samul-Tang Regulates Cell Cycle and Migration of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells against TNF- α Stimulation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:1024974. [PMID: 30046331 PMCID: PMC6036829 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1024974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Samul-Tang (SMT), consisting of four medicinal herbs, is a well-known herbal prescription treating hematological disorders related symptoms. Our previous study demonstrated that SMT attenuated inflammation of vascular endothelial cells. In condition of retained vascular dysfunction, vascular inflammation is initiated and results in activation of smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Activated SMCs lose control of cell cycle regulation and migrate into intima, resulting in formation of atheroma. Here, we further investigated whether SMT suppresses proliferation and migration of SMCs. SMT showed antiproliferative effects on SMCs by suppressing [3H]-thymidine incorporation against TNF-α stimulation. Underlying mechanisms of antiproliferative effects were found to be resulting from cell cycle regulation. SMT downregulated expression of cyclin D1-CDK4 and cyclin E-CDK2 complexes and upregulated p21waf1/cip1 and p27kip1. SMT also suppressed migration of SMCs against TNF-α stimulation. This is thought to have resulted from suppressing MMP2 and MMP9 expressions and ROS production. In summary, SMT attenuates abnormal migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via regulating cell cycle and suppressing MMPs expression and ROS production. Our study suggests that SMT, a traditionally used herbal formula, protects vascular smooth muscle cells and might be used as an antiatherosclerotic drug.
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Chen Y, Cao J, Zhao Q, Luo H, Wang Y, Dai W. Silencing MR-1 attenuates atherosclerosis in ApoE -/- mice induced by angiotensin II through FAK-Akt-mTOR-NF-kappaB signaling pathway. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29520165 PMCID: PMC5840071 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2018.22.2.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Myofibrillogenesis regulator-1 (MR-1) is a novel protein involved in cellular proliferation, migration, inflammatory reaction and signal transduction. However, little information is available on the relationship between MR-1 expression and the progression of atherosclerosis. Here we report atheroprotective effects of silencing MR-1 in a model of Ang II-accelerated atherosclerosis, characterized by suppression focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and atherosclerotic lesion macrophage content. In this model, administration of the siRNA-MR-1 substantially attenuated Ang II-accelerated atherosclerosis with stabilization of atherosclerotic plaques and inhibited FAK, Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and NF-kB activation, which was associated with suppression of inflammatory factor and atherogenic gene expression in the artery. In vitro studies demonstrated similar changes in Ang II-treated vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and macrophages: siRNA-MR-1 inhibited the expression levels of proinflammatory factor. These studies uncover crucial proinflammatory mechanisms of Ang II and highlight actions of silencing MR-1 to inhibit Ang II signaling, which is atheroprotective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixi Chen
- Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic College, Hengyang Hunan 421005, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic College, Hengyang Hunan 421005, China
| | - Qihui Zhao
- Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic College, Hengyang Hunan 421005, China
| | - Haiyong Luo
- Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic College, Hengyang Hunan 421005, China
| | - Yiguang Wang
- Key Lab of Antibiotic Biotechnology, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenjian Dai
- Hunan Environment-Biological Polytechnic College, Hengyang Hunan 421005, China
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Lu QB, Wan MY, Wang PY, Zhang CX, Xu DY, Liao X, Sun HJ. Chicoric acid prevents PDGF-BB-induced VSMC dedifferentiation, proliferation and migration by suppressing ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade. Redox Biol 2017; 14:656-668. [PMID: 29175753 PMCID: PMC5716955 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic switch of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is characterized by increased expressions of VSMC synthetic markers and decreased levels of VSMC contractile markers, which is an important step for VSMC proliferation and migration during the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases including atherosclerosis. Chicoric acid (CA) is identified to exert powerful cardiovascular protective effects. However, little is known about the effects of CA on VSMC biology. Herein, in cultured VSMCs, we showed that pretreatment with CA dose-dependently suppressed platelet-derived growth factor type BB (PDGF-BB)-induced VSMC phenotypic alteration, proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, PDGF-BB-treated VSMCs exhibited higher mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and P70S6K phosphorylation, which was attenuated by CA pretreatment, diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI), reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) and nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) inhibitor Bay117082. PDGF-BB-triggered ROS production and p65-NFκB activation were inhibited by CA. In addition, both NAC and DPI abolished PDGF-BB-evoked p65-NFκB nuclear translocation, phosphorylation and degradation of Inhibitor κBα (IκBα). Of note, blockade of ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade prevented PDGF-BB-evoked VSMC phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration. CA treatment prevented intimal hyperplasia and vascular remodeling in rat models of carotid artery ligation in vivo. These results suggest that CA impedes PDGF-BB-induced VSMC phenotypic switching, proliferation, migration and neointima formation via inhibition of ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling cascade. Chicoric acid attenuated PDGF-BB-evoked VSMC phenotypic transformation, proliferation and migration. Chicoric acid antagonized the activated ROS/NFκB/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway in VSMCs. Chicoric acid treatment prevented intimal hyperplasia in rat models of carotid artery ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Bo Lu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated ZhongDa Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Ming-Yu Wan
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Pei-Yao Wang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Chen-Xing Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Dong-Yan Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China
| | - Xiang Liao
- Department of Medical Imaging, General Hospital of Nanjing Military Area Command, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, PR China.
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, PR China.
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Huang J, Song J, Qu M, Wang Y, An Q, Song Y, Yan W, Wang B, Wang X, Zhang S, Chen X, Zhao B, Liu P, Xu T, Zhang Z, Greenberg DA, Wang Y, Gao P, Zhu W, Yang GY. MicroRNA-137 and microRNA-195* inhibit vasculogenesis in brain arteriovenous malformations. Ann Neurol 2017; 82:371-384. [PMID: 28802071 DOI: 10.1002/ana.25015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are the most common cause of nontraumatic intracerebral hemorrhage in young adults. The genesis of brain AVM remains enigmatic. We investigated microRNA (miRNA) expression and its contribution to the pathogenesis of brain AVMs. METHODS We used a large-scale miRNA analysis of 16 samples including AVMs, hemangioblastoma, and controls to identify a distinct AVM miRNA signature. AVM smooth muscle cells (AVMSMCs) were isolated and identified by flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, and candidate miRNAs were then tested in these cells. Migration, tube formation, and CCK-8-induced proliferation assays were used to test the effect of the miRNAs on phenotypic properties of AVMSMCs. A quantitative proteomics approach was used to identify protein expression changes in AVMSMCs treated with miRNA mimics. RESULTS A distinct AVM miRNA signature comprising a large portion of lowly expressed miRNAs was identified. Among these miRNAs, miR-137 and miR-195* levels were significantly decreased in AVMs and constituent AVMSMCs. Experimentally elevating the level of these microRNAs inhibited AVMSMC migration, tube formation, and survival in vitro and the formation of vascular rings in vivo. Proteomics showed the protein expression signature of AVMSMCs and identified downstream proteins regulated by miR-137 and miR-195* that were key signaling proteins involved in vessel development. INTERPRETATION Our results indicate that miR-137 and miR-195* act as vasculogenic suppressors in AVMs by altering phenotypic properties of AVMSMCs, and that the absence of miR-137 and miR-195* expression leads to abnormal vasculogenesis. Ann Neurol 2017;82:371-384.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Huang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Song
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meijie Qu
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingzhu An
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaying Song
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bingshun Wang
- Institute of Systemic Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojin Wang
- Institute of Systemic Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- Emergency Department, Ruijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Peixi Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongyi Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Yongting Wang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingjin Gao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Department of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital and Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Yuan Yang
- Neuroscience and Neuroengineering Research Center, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Rujijin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Gu Q, Zhao G, Wang Y, Xu B, Yue J. Silencing miR-16 Expression Promotes Angiotensin II Stimulated Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Growth. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 6. [PMID: 29104843 DOI: 10.4172/2168-9296.1000181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
miRNAs are a class of non-coding endogenous small RNAs that control gene expression at the posttranscriptional level and involved in cell proliferation, migration and differentiation. Dysregulation of miRNA expression is involved in a variety of human diseases including cardiovascular diseases. miRNAs have been shown to regulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) function and play vital roles in hypertension, restenosis and atherosclerosis. Here we reported that miR-16 as one of miRNAs in the miR-15 family was highly expressed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and involved in angiotensin II (Ang II) mediated VSMC signaling pathways. Ang II downregulated miR-16 expression in VSMCs. Lentiviral vector mediated miR-16 knockdown promoted Ang II-induced cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, silencing miR-16 enhanced Ang II induced cell cycle associated gene expression and promoted Ang II-activated cell proliferative pathways ERK1/2 and p38. Our finding demonstrated for the first time that miR-16 was a potential therapeutic target by participating in the Ang II-associated multiple signaling pathways in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Gu
- Department of Cardiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu.,Department of Pathology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, Memphis, USA
| | - Guannan Zhao
- Department of Pathology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, Memphis, USA
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Pathology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, Memphis, USA
| | - Biao Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, P. R. China
| | - Junming Yue
- Department of Pathology, the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, TN, Memphis, USA
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