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Cyske Z, Gaffke L, Rintz E, Wiśniewska K, Węgrzyn G, Pierzynowska K. Molecular mechanisms of the ambroxol action in Gaucher disease and GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease. Neurochem Int 2024; 178:105774. [PMID: 38797393 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2024.105774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Glucocerebrosidase (GCase), encoded by the GBA1 gene, is one of the lysosomal enzymes responsible for hydrolyzing the glycosphingolipids. Deficiency in GCase activity (in patients with two defective alleles of GBA1) leads to glucosylceramide storage in lysosomes which in turn results in the development of one of the Gaucher diseases, a lysosomal storage disorder, while a heterozygous state may be correlated with the GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease. One of the proposed forms of therapy for these two conditions is the use of pharmacological chaperones which work by facilitating the achievement of the correct conformation of abnormally coiled enzymes. Several compounds with chaperone activities against GCase have already been tested, one of which turned out to be ambroxol. Studies conducted on the action of this compound have indeed indicated its effectiveness in increasing GCase levels and activity. However, some data have begun to question its activity as a chaperone against certain GCase variants. Then, a number of articles appeared pointing to other mechanisms of action of ambroxol, which may also contribute to the improvement of patients' condition. This paper summarizes the biological mechanisms of action of ambroxol in Gaucher disease and GBA1 mutation-associated Parkinson disease, focused on its activity as a chaperone, modulator of ERAD pathways, inducer of autophagy, and pain reliever in cellular and animal models as well as in patients. The effects of these activities on the reduction of disease markers and symptoms in patients are also discussed. Consideration of all the properties of ambroxol can help in the appropriate choice of therapy and the determination of the effective drug dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzanna Cyske
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lidia Gaffke
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Estera Rintz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Wiśniewska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Węgrzyn
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Karolina Pierzynowska
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdansk, Poland.
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2
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Mohamed FE, Al-Jasmi F. Exploring the efficacy and safety of Ambroxol in Gaucher disease: an overview of clinical studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1335058. [PMID: 38414738 PMCID: PMC10896849 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1335058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is mainly caused by glucocerebrosidase (GCase) enzyme deficiency due to genetic variations in the GBA1 gene leading to the toxic accumulation of sphingolipids in various organs, which causes symptoms such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and neurological manifestations. GD is clinically classified into the non-neuronopathic type 1, and the acute and chronic neuronopathic forms, types 2 and 3, respectively. In addition to the current approved GD medications, the repurposing of Ambroxol (ABX) has emerged as a prospective enzyme enhancement therapy option showing its potential to enhance mutated GCase activity and reduce glucosylceramide accumulation in GD-affected tissues of different GBA1 genotypes. The variability in response to ABX varies across different variants, highlighting the diversity in patients' therapeutic outcomes. Its oral availability and safety profile make it an attractive option, particularly for patients with neurological manifestations. Clinical trials are essential to explore further ABX's potential as a therapeutic medication for GD to encourage pharmaceutical companies' investment in its development. This review highlights the potential of ABX as a pharmacological chaperone therapy for GD and stresses the importance of addressing response variability in clinical studies to improve the management of this rare and complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feda E. Mohamed
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Jasmi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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3
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Takeda K, Watanabe T, Smith JR, Vesey D, Tiberghien N, Lewis S, Powney B, Schapira AHV, Hoshikawa T, Takle AK. Identification of novel glucocerebrosidase chaperones by unexpected skeletal rearrangement reaction. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 96:129531. [PMID: 37866711 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Compound 5 was identified from a high-throughput screening campaign as a small molecule pharmacological chaperone of glucocerebrocidase (GCase), a lysosomal hydrolase encoded by the GBA1 gene, variants of which are associated with Gaucher disease and Parkinson's disease. Further investigations revealed that compound 5 was slowly transformed into a regio-isomeric compound (6) in PBS buffer, plausibly via a ring-opening at hemiaminal moiety accompanied by subsequent intramolecular CC bond formation. Utilising this unexpected skeletal rearrangement reaction, a series of compound 6 analogues was synthesized which yielded multiple potent GCase pharmacological chaperones with sub-micromolar EC50 values as exemplified by compound 38 (EC50 = 0.14 μM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunitoshi Takeda
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom
| | - Toru Watanabe
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom
| | - James R Smith
- Charles River Laboratories, 7-9 Spire Green Centre, Flex Meadow, Harlow, Essex CM19 5TR, United Kingdom
| | - David Vesey
- Charles River Laboratories, 7-9 Spire Green Centre, Flex Meadow, Harlow, Essex CM19 5TR, United Kingdom
| | - Nathalie Tiberghien
- Charles River Laboratories, 7-9 Spire Green Centre, Flex Meadow, Harlow, Essex CM19 5TR, United Kingdom
| | - Sian Lewis
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom
| | - Ben Powney
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tamaki Hoshikawa
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom.
| | - Andrew K Takle
- Hatfield Research Laboratories, Eisai Ltd., Hatfield AL10 9SN, United Kingdom
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4
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Meelua W, Thinkumrob N, Saparpakorn P, Pengthaisong S, Hannongbua S, Ketudat Cairns JR, Jitonnom J. Structural basis for inhibition of a GH116 β-glucosidase and its missense mutants by GBA2 inhibitors: Crystallographic and quantum chemical study. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 384:110717. [PMID: 37726065 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The crystal structure of the Thermoanaerobacterium xylanolyticum in glycoside hydrolase family 116 (TxGH116) β-glucosidase provides a structural model for human GBA2 glucosylceramidase, an enzyme defective in hereditary spastic paraplegia and a potential therapeutic target for treating Gaucher disease. To assess the therapeutic potential of known inhibitors, the X-ray structure of TxGH116 in complex with isofagomine (IFG) was determined at 2.0 Å resolution and showed the IFG bound in a relaxed chair conformation. The binding of IFG and 7 other iminosugar inhibitors to wild-type and mutant enzymes (Asp508His and Arg786His) mimicking GBA2 pathogenic variants was then evaluated computationally by two-layered ONIOM calculations (at the B3LYP:PM7 level). Calculations showed that six charged residues, Glu441, Asp452, His507, Asp593, Glu777, and Arg786 influence inhibitor binding most. His507, Glu777 and Arg786, form strong hydrogen bonds with the inhibitors (∼1.4-1.6 Å). Thus, the missense mutation of one of these residues in Arg786His has a greater effect on the interaction energies for all inhibitors compared to Asp508His. In line with the experimental data for the inhibitors that have been tested, the favorable interaction energy between the inhibitors and the TxGH116 protein followed the trend: isofagomine > 1-deoxynojirimycin > glucoimidazole > N-butyl-deoxynojirimycin ≈ N-nonyl-deoxynojirimycin > conduritol B epoxide ≈ azepane 1 > azepane 2. The obtained structural and energetic properties and comparison to the GBA2 model can lead to understanding of structural requirement for inhibitor binding in GH116 to aid the design of high potency GBA2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wijitra Meelua
- Demonstration School, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand; Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | - Natechanok Thinkumrob
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand
| | | | - Salila Pengthaisong
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, and School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand
| | - Supa Hannongbua
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - James R Ketudat Cairns
- Center for Biomolecular Structure, Function and Application, and School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, Thailand.
| | - Jitrayut Jitonnom
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao, Phayao, 56000, Thailand.
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5
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Leppert HG, Anderson JT, Timm KJ, Davoli C, Pratt MA, Booth CD, White KA, Rechtzigel MJ, Meyerink BL, Johnson TB, Brudvig JJ, Weimer JM. Sortilin inhibition treats multiple neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.22.559064. [PMID: 37790379 PMCID: PMC10543011 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.22.559064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a genetically and clinically diverse group of diseases characterized by lysosomal dysfunction. Batten disease is a family of severe LSDs primarily impacting the central nervous system. Here we show that AF38469, a small molecule inhibitor of sortilin, improves lysosomal and glial pathology across multiple LSD models. Live-cell imaging and comparative transcriptomics demonstrates that the transcription factor EB (TFEB), an upstream regulator of lysosomal biogenesis, is activated upon treatment with AF38469. Utilizing CLN2 and CLN3 Batten disease mouse models, we performed a short-term efficacy study and show that treatment with AF38469 prevents the accumulation of lysosomal storage material and the development of neuroinflammation, key disease associated pathologies. Tremor phenotypes, an early behavioral phenotype in the CLN2 disease model, were also completely rescued. These findings reveal sortilin inhibition as a novel and highly efficacious therapeutic modality for the treatment of multiple forms of Batten disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah G. Leppert
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | | | - Kaylie J. Timm
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Cristina Davoli
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Melissa A. Pratt
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Clarissa D. Booth
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | | | | | | | - Tyler B. Johnson
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Jon J. Brudvig
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
| | - Jill M. Weimer
- Pediatrics and Rare Diseases Group, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD
- Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA
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6
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Spanos F, Deleidi M. Glycolipids in Parkinson's disease: beyond neuronal function. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:1558-1579. [PMID: 37219461 PMCID: PMC10476577 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycolipid balance is key to normal body function, and its alteration can lead to a variety of diseases involving multiple organs and tissues. Glycolipid disturbances are also involved in Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis and aging. Increasing evidence suggests that glycolipids affect cellular functions beyond the brain, including the peripheral immune system, intestinal barrier, and immunity. Hence, the interplay between aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental exposures could initiate systemic and local glycolipid changes that lead to inflammatory reactions and neuronal dysfunction. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the link between glycolipid metabolism and immune function and how these metabolic changes can exacerbate immunological contributions to neurodegenerative diseases, with a focus on PD. Further understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that control glycolipid pathways and their impact on both peripheral tissues and the brain will help unravel how glycolipids shape immune and nervous system communication and the development of novel drugs to prevent PD and promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fokion Spanos
- Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163Paris Cité UniversityFrance
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research NetworkChevy ChaseMDUSA
| | - Michela Deleidi
- Institut Imagine, INSERM UMR1163Paris Cité UniversityFrance
- Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research NetworkChevy ChaseMDUSA
- Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center of Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain ResearchUniversity of TübingenGermany
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7
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Chatterjee D, Krainc D. Mechanisms of Glucocerebrosidase Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease. J Mol Biol 2023; 435:168023. [PMID: 36828270 PMCID: PMC10247409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2023.168023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Beta-glucocerebrosidase is a lysosomal hydrolase, encoded by GBA1 that represents the most common risk gene associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy Body Dementia. Glucocerebrosidase dysfunction has been also observed in the absence of GBA1 mutations across different genetic and sporadic forms of PD and related disorders, suggesting a broader role of glucocerebrosidase in neurodegeneration. In this review, we highlight recent advances in mechanistic characterization of glucocerebrosidase function as the foundation for development of novel therapeutics targeting glucocerebrosidase in PD and related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diptaman Chatterjee
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. https://twitter.com/NeilChatterBox
| | - Dimitri Krainc
- Ken and Ruth Davee Department of Neurology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Simpson Querrey Center for Neurogenetics, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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8
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Chwiszczuk LJ, Breitve MH, Kirsebom BEB, Selnes P, Fløvig JC, Knapskog AB, Skogseth RE, Hubbers J, Holst-Larsen E, Rongve A. The ANeED study - ambroxol in new and early dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): protocol for a phase IIa multicentre, randomised, double-blinded and placebo-controlled trial. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1163184. [PMID: 37304077 PMCID: PMC10250712 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1163184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Currently, there are no disease-modifying pharmacological treatment options for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). The hallmark of DLB is pathological alpha-synuclein (aS) deposition. There are growing amounts of data suggesting that reduced aS clearance is caused by failure in endolysosomal and authophagic pathways, as well as and glucocerebrosidase (GCase) dysfunction and mutations in the GCase gene (GBA). The population's studies demonstrated that the incidence of GBA mutations is higher among Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and carriers of such mutations have a higher risk of developing PD. The incidence of GBA mutations is even higher in DLB and a genome-wide association study (GWAS) confirmed the correlation between GBA mutations and DLB. In vivo experiments have shown that ambroxol (ABX) may increase GCase activity and GCase levels and therefore enhance aS autophagy-lysosome degradation pathways. Moreover, there is an emerging hypothesis that ABX may have an effect as a DLB modifying drug. The aims of the study "Ambroxol in new and early Dementia with Lewy Bodies (ANeED) are to investigate the tolerability, safety and effects of ABX in patients with DLB. Methods This is a multicentre, phase IIa, double-blinded, randomised and placebo-controlled clinical trial, using a parallel arm design for 18 months' follow-up. The allocation ratio is 1:1 (treatment:placebo). Discussion The ANeED study is an ongoing clinical drug trial with ABX. The unique, but not fully understood mechanism of ABX on the enhancement of lysosomal aS clearance may be promising as a possible modifying treatment in DLB. Trial Registration The clinical trial is registered in the international trials register - clinicaltrials.com (NCT0458825) and nationally at the Current Research Information System in Norway (CRISTIN 2235504).
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza Jadwiga Chwiszczuk
- Department of Old Age Related Medicine, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
| | - Monica Haraldseid Breitve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
- Department of Clinical Neuropsychology, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
| | | | - Per Selnes
- Department of Neurology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway
| | | | | | - Ragnhild E. Skogseth
- Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jessica Hubbers
- Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
| | | | - Arvid Rongve
- Department of Research and Innovation, Haugesund Hospital, Helse Fonna Trust, Haugesund, Norway
- Sant Olavs Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University in Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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9
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Kopytova AE, Rychkov GN, Cheblokov AA, Grigor'eva EV, Nikolaev MA, Yarkova ES, Sorogina DA, Ibatullin FM, Baydakova GV, Izyumchenko AD, Bogdanova DA, Boitsov VM, Rybakov AV, Miliukhina IV, Bezrukikh VA, Salogub GN, Zakharova EY, Pchelina SN, Emelyanov AK. Potential Binding Sites of Pharmacological Chaperone NCGC00241607 on Mutant β-Glucocerebrosidase and Its Efficacy on Patient-Derived Cell Cultures in Gaucher and Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24109105. [PMID: 37240451 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24109105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in the GBA1 gene, encoding the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), cause Gaucher disease (GD) and are the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD). Pharmacological chaperones (PCs) are being developed as an alternative treatment approach for GD and PD. To date, NCGC00241607 (NCGC607) is one of the most promising PCs. Using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation we identified and characterized six allosteric binding sites on the GCase surface suitable for PCs. Two sites were energetically more preferable for NCGC607 and located nearby to the active site of the enzyme. We evaluated the effects of NCGC607 treatment on GCase activity and protein levels, glycolipids concentration in cultured macrophages from GD (n = 9) and GBA-PD (n = 5) patients as well as in induced human pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)-derived dopaminergic (DA) neurons from GBA-PD patient. The results showed that NCGC607 treatment increased GCase activity (by 1.3-fold) and protein levels (by 1.5-fold), decreased glycolipids concentration (by 4.0-fold) in cultured macrophages derived from GD patients and also enhanced GCase activity (by 1.5-fold) in cultured macrophages derived from GBA-PD patients with N370S mutation (p < 0.05). In iPSC-derived DA neurons from GBA-PD patients with N370S mutation NCGC607 treatment increased GCase activity and protein levels by 1.1-fold and 1.7-fold (p < 0.05). Thus, our results showed that NCGC607 could bind to allosteric sites on the GCase surface and confirmed its efficacy on cultured macrophages from GD and GBA-PD patients as well as on iPSC-derived DA neurons from GBA-PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena E Kopytova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - George N Rychkov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Institute of Biomedical Systems and Biotechnology, Peter the Great St.Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint-Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Alexander A Cheblokov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - Elena V Grigor'eva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Meshalkin National Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk 630055, Russia
| | - Mikhail A Nikolaev
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Elena S Yarkova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Diana A Sorogina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Farid M Ibatullin
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | | | - Artem D Izyumchenko
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Daria A Bogdanova
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - Vitali M Boitsov
- Laboratory of Nanobiotechnology, Saint-Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint-Petersburg 194021, Russia
| | - Akim V Rybakov
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain RAS, Saint-Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Irina V Miliukhina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- N.P. Bechtereva Institute of the Human Brain RAS, Saint-Petersburg 197376, Russia
| | - Vadim A Bezrukikh
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | - Galina N Salogub
- Almazov National Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg 197341, Russia
| | | | - Sofya N Pchelina
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
| | - Anton K Emelyanov
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute Named by B.P. Konstantinov of National Research Center «Kurchatov Institute», Gatchina 188300, Russia
- Department of Molecular Genetic and Nanobiological Technologies, Pavlov First Saint-Petersburg State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg 197022, Russia
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10
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Gehrlein A, Udayar V, Anastasi N, Morella ML, Ruf I, Brugger D, von der Mark S, Thoma R, Rufer A, Heer D, Pfahler N, Jochner A, Niewoehner J, Wolf L, Fueth M, Ebeling M, Villaseñor R, Zhu Y, Deen MC, Shan X, Ehsaei Z, Taylor V, Sidransky E, Vocadlo DJ, Freskgård PO, Jagasia R. Targeting neuronal lysosomal dysfunction caused by β-glucocerebrosidase deficiency with an enzyme-based brain shuttle construct. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2057. [PMID: 37045813 PMCID: PMC10097658 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37632-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutations in glucocerebrosidase cause the lysosomal storage disorder Gaucher's disease and are the most common risk factor for Parkinson's disease. Therapies to restore the enzyme's function in the brain hold great promise for treating the neurological implications. Thus, we developed blood-brain barrier penetrant therapeutic molecules by fusing transferrin receptor-binding moieties to β-glucocerebrosidase (referred to as GCase-BS). We demonstrate that these fusion proteins show significantly increased uptake and lysosomal efficiency compared to the enzyme alone. In a cellular disease model, GCase-BS rapidly rescues the lysosomal proteome and lipid accumulations beyond known substrates. In a mouse disease model, intravenous injection of GCase-BS leads to a sustained reduction of glucosylsphingosine and can lower neurofilament-light chain plasma levels. Collectively, these findings demonstrate the potential of GCase-BS for treating GBA1-associated lysosomal dysfunction, provide insight into candidate biomarkers, and may ultimately open a promising treatment paradigm for lysosomal storage diseases extending beyond the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gehrlein
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Vinod Udayar
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nadia Anastasi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martino L Morella
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam University Medical Center | VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Iris Ruf
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Doris Brugger
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sophia von der Mark
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ralf Thoma
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Arne Rufer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Heer
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nina Pfahler
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities, Lead Discovery, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry & Structural Biology Biochemistry (IFIB), Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anton Jochner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Jens Niewoehner
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Therapeutic Modalities Large Molecule Research, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany
| | - Luise Wolf
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Data & Analytics, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Fueth
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Ebeling
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Science, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Villaseñor
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yanping Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Matthew C Deen
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Xiaoyang Shan
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Zahra Ehsaei
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Verdon Taylor
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Molecular Neurogenetics Section, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David J Vocadlo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Per-Ola Freskgård
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- BioArctic AB, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ravi Jagasia
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Neuroscience and Rare Diseases Discovery and Translational Area, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
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11
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Roecker AJ, Schirripa KM, Loughran HM, Tong L, Liang T, Fillgrove KL, Kuo Y, Bleasby K, Collier H, Altman MD, Ford MC, Drolet RE, Cosden M, Jinn S, Hatcher NG, Yao L, Kandebo M, Vardigan JD, Flick RB, Liu X, Minnick C, Price LA, Watt ML, Lemaire W, Burlein C, Adam GC, Austin LA, Marcus JN, Smith SM, Fraley ME. Pyrazole Ureas as Low Dose, CNS Penetrant Glucosylceramide Synthase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:146-155. [PMID: 36793422 PMCID: PMC9923837 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most prevalent progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Loss-of-function mutations in GBA, the gene that encodes for the lysosomal enzyme glucosylcerebrosidase, are a major genetic risk factor for the development of Parkinson's disease potentially through the accumulation of glucosylceramide and glucosylsphingosine in the CNS. A therapeutic strategy to reduce glycosphingolipid accumulation in the CNS would entail inhibition of the enzyme responsible for their synthesis, glucosylceramide synthase (GCS). Herein, we report the optimization of a bicyclic pyrazole amide GCS inhibitor discovered through HTS to low dose, oral, CNS penetrant, bicyclic pyrazole urea GCSi's with in vivo activity in mouse models and ex vivo activity in iPSC neuronal models of synucleinopathy and lysosomal dysfunction. This was accomplished through the judicious use of parallel medicinal chemistry, direct-to-biology screening, physics-based rationalization of transporter profiles, pharmacophore modeling, and use a novel metric: volume ligand efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J. Roecker
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Kathy M. Schirripa
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - H. Marie Loughran
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Ling Tong
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Tao Liang
- Discovery
Process Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey 07033, United States
| | - Kerry L. Fillgrove
- ADME
& Discovery Toxicology, Merck &
Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Yuhsin Kuo
- ADME
& Discovery Toxicology, Merck &
Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Kelly Bleasby
- ADME
Transporters, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Hannah Collier
- ADME
Transporters, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Michael D. Altman
- Computational
and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co.,
Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Melissa C. Ford
- Computational
and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co.,
Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Robert E. Drolet
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Mali Cosden
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Sarah Jinn
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Nathan G. Hatcher
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Lihang Yao
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Monika Kandebo
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Joshua D. Vardigan
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Rosemarie B. Flick
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Xiaomei Liu
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Christina Minnick
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Laura A. Price
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Marla L. Watt
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Wei Lemaire
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Christine Burlein
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Gregory C. Adam
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Lauren A. Austin
- Discovery
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck & Co.,
Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Jacob N. Marcus
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Sean M. Smith
- Discovery
Biology, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
| | - Mark E. Fraley
- Discovery
Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania 19486, United States
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12
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Chen C, Hertz E, Chen Y, Sidransky E. Targeting protein clearance pathways in GBA1-associated Parkinson disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2022; 26:1031-1035. [PMID: 36628605 PMCID: PMC9909737 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2022.2166828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chase Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ellen Hertz
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Yu Chen
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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13
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Al-Taie ZS, Bartholomew B, Coles SJ, Evans DM, Hollinshead J, Jones LF, Kraehenbuehl R, Murphy PJ, Nash RJ, Penkova YB, Tizzard GJ. Cyclic guanidine containing amino acids that promote glucocerebrosidase. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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14
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Del Grosso A, Parlanti G, Mezzena R, Cecchini M. Current treatment options and novel nanotechnology-driven enzyme replacement strategies for lysosomal storage disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 188:114464. [PMID: 35878795 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a vast group of more than 50 clinically identified metabolic diseases. They are singly rare, but they affect collectively 1 on 5,000 live births. They result in most of the cases from an enzymatic defect within lysosomes, which causes the subsequent augmentation of unwanted substrates. This accumulation process leads to plenty of clinical signs, determined by the specific substrate and accumulation area. The majority of LSDs present a broad organ and tissue engagement. Brain, connective tissues, viscera and bones are usually afflicted. Among them, brain disease is markedly frequent (two-thirds of LSDs). The most clinically employed approach to treat LSDs is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT), which is practiced by administering systemically the missed or defective enzyme. It represents a healthful strategy for 11 LSDs at the moment, but it solves the pathology only in the case of Gaucher disease. This approach, in fact, is not efficacious in the case of LSDs that have an effect on the central nervous system (CNS) due to the existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Additionally, ERT suffers from several other weak points, such as low penetration of the exogenously administered enzyme to poorly vascularized areas, the development of immunogenicity and infusion-associated reactions (IARs), and, last but not least, the very high cost and lifelong needed. To ameliorate these weaknesses lot of efforts have been recently spent around the development of innovative nanotechnology-driven ERT strategies. They may boost the power of ERT and minimize adverse reactions by loading enzymes into biodegradable nanomaterials. Enzyme encapsulation into biocompatible liposomes, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles, for example, can protect enzymatic activity, eliminating immunologic reactions and premature enzyme degradation. It can also permit a controlled release of the payload, ameliorating pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the drug. Additionally, the potential to functionalize the surface of the nanocarrier with targeting agents (antibodies or peptides), could promote the passage through biological barriers. In this review we examined the clinically applied ERTs, highlighting limitations that do not allow to completely cure the specific LSD. Later, we critically consider the nanotechnology-based ERT strategies that have beenin-vitroand/orin-vivotested to improve ERT efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambra Del Grosso
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Parlanti
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Roberta Mezzena
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Cecchini
- NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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15
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Grottelli S, Annunziato G, Pampalone G, Pieroni M, Dindo M, Ferlenghi F, Costantino G, Cellini B. Identification of Human Alanine-Glyoxylate Aminotransferase Ligands as Pharmacological Chaperones for Variants Associated with Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1. J Med Chem 2022; 65:9718-9734. [PMID: 35830169 PMCID: PMC9340776 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Primary hyperoxaluria type I (PH1) is a rare kidney disease
due
to the deficit of alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal-5′-phosphate-dependent
enzyme responsible for liver glyoxylate detoxification, which in turn
prevents oxalate formation and precipitation as kidney stones. Many
PH1-associated missense mutations cause AGT misfolding. Therefore,
the use of pharmacological chaperones (PCs), small molecules that
promote correct folding, represents a useful therapeutic option. To
identify ligands acting as PCs for AGT, we first performed a small
screening of commercially available compounds. We tested each molecule
by a dual approach aimed at defining the inhibition potency on purified
proteins and the chaperone activity in cells expressing a misfolded
variant associated with PH1. We then performed a chemical optimization
campaign and tested the resulting synthetic molecules using the same
approach. Overall, the results allowed us to identify a promising
hit compound for AGT and draw conclusions about the requirements for
optimal PC activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Grottelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giannamaria Annunziato
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gioena Pampalone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Pieroni
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Mirco Dindo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Ferlenghi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Gabriele Costantino
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Barbara Cellini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, P.le L. Severi 1, 06132 Perugia, Italy
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16
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Picache JA, Zheng W, Chen CZ. Therapeutic Strategies For Tay-Sachs Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:906647. [PMID: 35865957 PMCID: PMC9294361 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.906647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) is an autosomal recessive disease that features progressive neurodegenerative presentations. It affects one in 100,000 live births. Currently, there is no approved therapy or cure. This review summarizes multiple drug development strategies for TSD, including enzyme replacement therapy, pharmaceutical chaperone therapy, substrate reduction therapy, gene therapy, and hematopoietic stem cell replacement therapy. In vitro and in vivo systems are described to assess the efficacy of the aforementioned therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, we discuss using MALDI mass spectrometry to perform a high throughput screen of compound libraries. This enables discovery of compounds that reduce GM2 and can lead to further development of a TSD therapy.
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17
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GCase Enhancers: A Potential Therapeutic Option for Gaucher Disease and Other Neurological Disorders. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15070823. [PMID: 35890122 PMCID: PMC9325019 DOI: 10.3390/ph15070823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmaceutical chaperones (PCs) are small compounds able to bind and stabilize misfolded proteins, allowing them to recover their native folding and thus their biological activity. In particular, lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), a class of metabolic disorders due to genetic mutations that result in misfolded lysosomal enzymes, can strongly benefit from the use of PCs able to facilitate their translocation to the lysosomes. This results in a recovery of their catalytic activity. No PC for the GCase enzyme (lysosomal acid-β-glucosidase, or glucocerebrosidase) has reached the market yet, despite the importance of this enzyme not only for Gaucher disease, the most common LSD, but also for neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s disease. This review aims to describe the efforts made by the scientific community in the last 7 years (since 2015) in order to identify new PCs for the GCase enzyme, which have been mainly identified among glycomimetic-based compounds.
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18
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Lyadova I, Vasiliev A. Macrophages derived from pluripotent stem cells: prospective applications and research gaps. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:96. [PMID: 35725499 PMCID: PMC9207879 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00824-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) represent a valuable cell source able to give rise to different cell types of the body. Among the various pathways of iPSC differentiation, the differentiation into macrophages is a recently developed and rapidly growing technique. Macrophages play a key role in the control of host homeostasis. Their dysfunction underlies many diseases, including hereditary, infectious, oncological, metabolic and other disorders. Targeting macrophage activity and developing macrophage-based cell therapy represent promising tools for the treatment of many pathological conditions. Macrophages generated from human iPSCs (iMphs) provide great opportunities in these areas. The generation of iMphs is based on a step-wise differentiation of iPSCs into mesoderm, hematopoietic progenitors, myeloid monocyte-like cells and macrophages. The technique allows to obtain standardizable populations of human macrophages from any individual, scale up macrophage production and introduce genetic modifications, which gives significant advantages over the standard source of human macrophages, monocyte-derived macrophages. The spectrum of iMph applications is rapidly growing. iMphs have been successfully used to model hereditary diseases and macrophage-pathogen interactions, as well as to test drugs. iMph use for cell therapy is another promising and rapidly developing area of research. The principles and the details of iMph generation have recently been reviewed. This review systemizes current and prospective iMph applications and discusses the problem of iMph safety and other issues that need to be explored before iMphs become clinically applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Lyadova
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrei Vasiliev
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
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19
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GBA1-dependent membrane glucosylceramide reprogramming promotes liver cancer metastasis via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:508. [PMID: 35637196 PMCID: PMC9151913 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04968-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The effect of glucosylceramide (GlcCer) reprogramming on liver cancer metastasis remains poorly understood. In this study, we demonstrated that the protein expression of GBA1, which catalyses the conversion of GlcCer to ceramide, was downregulated in liver cancer tissue. A clinical relevance analysis revealed that low expression of GBA1 was associated with the metastatic potential of liver cancer cells. Furthermore, loss- and gain-of-function studies confirmed that low expression of GBA1 promoted metastasis of liver cancer both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic studies indicated that low expression of GBA1 enhanced the metastatic ability of liver cancer by promoting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), in which Wnt signalling pathway is involved. In the plasma membrane (PM), GBA1-dependent GlcCer reprogramming increased LRP6 location in the PM leading to an interaction between GlcCer and LRP6, subsequently promoting LRP6 phosphorylation at Ser1490, and finally activating the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway. To our knowledge, this is the first time to be found that GlcCer interacted with a protein. In addition, the results of mass spectrometry indicated that GlcCer d18:1/18:0 was the most notably increased studied species in the PM when GBA1 was downregulated, suggesting that GlcCer d18:1/18:0 may be the major functional lipid that promotes GBA1-dependent liver cancer metastasis. Thus, GBA1-mediated GlcCer reprogramming in the PM promotes metastasis of liver cancer via activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway, upregulation of GBA1 may be a potential therapeutic strategy to combat liver cancer metastasis.
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20
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Weinreb NJ, Goker-Alpan O, Kishnani PS, Longo N, Burrow TA, Bernat JA, Gupta P, Henderson N, Pedro H, Prada CE, Vats D, Pathak RR, Wright E, Ficicioglu C. The diagnosis and management of Gaucher disease in pediatric patients: Where do we go from here? Mol Genet Metab 2022; 136:4-21. [PMID: 35367141 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is an autosomal recessive inherited lysosomal storage disease that often presents in early childhood and is associated with damage to multiple organ systems. Many challenges associated with GD diagnosis and management arise from the considerable heterogeneity of disease presentations and natural history. Phenotypic classification has traditionally been based on the absence (in type 1 GD) or presence (in types 2 and 3 GD) of neurological involvement of varying severity. However, patient management and prediction of prognosis may be best served by a dynamic, evolving definition of individual phenotype rather than by a rigid system of classification. Patients may experience considerable delays in diagnosis, which can potentially be reduced by effective screening programs; however, program implementation can involve ethical and practical challenges. Variation in the clinical course of GD and an uncertain prognosis also complicate decisions concerning treatment initiation, with differing stakeholder perspectives around efficacy and acceptable cost/benefit ratio. We review the challenges faced by physicians in the diagnosis and management of GD in pediatric patients. We also consider future directions and goals, including acceleration of accurate diagnosis, improvements in the understanding of disease heterogeneity (natural history, response to treatment, and prognosis), the need for new treatments to address unmet needs for all forms of GD, and refinement of the tools for monitoring disease progression and treatment efficacy, such as specific biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neal J Weinreb
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
| | - Ozlem Goker-Alpan
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, USA.
| | - Priya S Kishnani
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Nicola Longo
- Division of Medical Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
| | - T Andrew Burrow
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Hospital, Little Rock, AR, USA.
| | - John A Bernat
- Division of Medical Genetics and Genomics, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Punita Gupta
- St Joseph's University Hospital, Paterson, NJ, USA.
| | - Nadene Henderson
- Division of Genetic and Genomic Medicine, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
| | - Helio Pedro
- Center for Genetic and Genomic Medicine, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA.
| | - Carlos E Prada
- Division of Genetics, Birth Defects & Metabolism, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Divya Vats
- Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| | - Ravi R Pathak
- Takeda Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., Lexington, MA, USA.
| | | | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia and the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, PA, USA.
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21
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Yan NL, Nair R, Chu A, Wilson IA, Johnson KA, Morgan GJ, Kelly JW. Amyloidogenic immunoglobulin light chain kinetic stabilizers comprising a simple urea linker module reveal a novel binding sub-site. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2022; 60:128571. [PMID: 35065233 PMCID: PMC8857066 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2022.128571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In immunoglobulin light chain (LC) amyloidosis, the misfolding, or misfolding and misassembly of LC a protein or fragments thereof resulting from aberrant endoproteolysis, causes organ damage to patients. A small molecule "kinetic stabilizer" drug could slow or stop these processes and improve prognosis. We previously identified coumarin-based kinetic stabilizers of LCs that can be divided into four components, including a "linker module" and "distal substructure". Our prior studies focused on characterizing carbamate, hydantoin, and spirocyclic urea linker modules, which bind in a solvent-exposed site at the VL-VL domain interface of the LC dimer. Here, we report structure-activity relationship data on 7-diethylamino coumarin-based kinetic stabilizers. This substructure occupies the previously characterized "anchor cavity" and the "aromatic slit". The potencies of amide and urea linker modules terminating in a variety of distal substructures attached at the 3-position of this coumarin ring were assessed. Surprisingly, crystallographic data on a 7-diethylamino coumarin-based kinetic stabilizer reveals that the urea linker module and distal substructure attached at the 3-position bind a solvent-exposed region of the full-length LC dimer distinct from previously characterized sites. Our results further elaborate the small-molecule binding surface of LCs that could be occupied by potent and selective LC kinetic stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas L Yan
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Reji Nair
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alan Chu
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Ian A Wilson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Kristen A Johnson
- California Institute for Biomedical Research, 11119 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Gareth J Morgan
- Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA; The Amyloidosis Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Jeffery W Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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22
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Sepúlveda D, Cisternas-Olmedo M, Arcos J, Nassif M, Vidal RL. Contribution of Autophagy-Lysosomal Pathway in the Exosomal Secretion of Alpha-Synuclein and Its Impact in the Progression of Parkinson’s Disease. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:805087. [PMID: 35250476 PMCID: PMC8891570 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.805087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is caused by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons due to an accumulation of intraneuronal abnormal alpha-synuclein (α-syn) protein aggregates. It has been reported that the levels of exosomal α-syn of neuronal origin in plasma correlate significantly with motor dysfunction, highlighting the exosomes containing α-syn as a potential biomarker of PD. In addition, it has been found that the selective autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) contributes to the secretion of misfolded proteins involved in neurodegenerative diseases. In this review, we describe the evidence that supports the relationship between the ALP and α-syn exosomal secretion on the PD progression and its implications in the diagnosis and progression of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denisse Sepúlveda
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marisol Cisternas-Olmedo
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Javiera Arcos
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Melissa Nassif
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
| | - René L. Vidal
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
- *Correspondence: René L. Vidal,
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23
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Zhou H, Wu Z, Wang Y, Wu Q, Hu M, Ma S, Zhou M, Sun Y, Yu B, Ye J, Jiang W, Fu Z, Gong Y. Rare Diseases in Glycosphingolipid Metabolism. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1372:189-213. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-0394-6_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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24
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Shen W, Jiang L, Zhao J, Wang H, Hu M, Chen L, Chen Y. Bioactive lipids and their metabolism: new therapeutic opportunities for Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 2021; 55:846-872. [PMID: 34904314 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurological disorder characterized by motor dysfunction, which can also be associated with non-motor symptoms. Its pathogenesis is thought to stem from a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the formation of Lewy bodies containing aggregated α-synuclein. Recent works suggested that lipids might play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of PD. In particular, the so-called "bioactive" lipids whose changes in the concentration may lead to functional consequences and affect many pathophysiological processes, including neuroinflammation, are closely related to PD in terms of symptoms, disease progression, and incidence. This study aimed to explore the molecular metabolism and physiological functions of bioactive lipids, such as fatty acids (mainly unsaturated fatty acids), eicosanoids, endocannabinoids, oxysterols, representative sphingolipids, diacylglycerols, and lysophosphatidic acid, in the development of PD. The knowledge of bioactive lipids in PD gained through preclinical and clinical studies is expected to improve the understanding of disease pathogenesis and provide novel therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Shen
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingyi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, China
| | - Meng Hu
- The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central Sounth University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yingzhu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Clinical Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, China
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25
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Zhang P, Zheng MF, Cui SY, Zhang W, Gao RP. Ambroxol chaperone therapy for Gaucher disease type I-associated liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension: a case report. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:658-662. [PMID: 34802413 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666211119145230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gaucher disease (GD) is a rare autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by the deficiency of glucocerebrosidase and characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, including hepatosplenomegaly, bone infiltration, and cytopenia. Moreover, it is even involved in the central nervous system. GD is classified into three phenotypes on the ground of neurologic involvement: type 1 (GD1), the commonly adult-onset, non-neuropathic variant; type 2 (GD2), the acute neuropathic form; and type 3 (GD3), the severe chronic neuro-visceral form. Recently, several studies have shown a promising outcome of ambroxol chaperone therapy for the treatment of GD, but its therapeutic role in GD1-associated liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension was not verified. CASE PRESENTATION A 36-year-old male patient was admitted for esophageal varices lasting for one year with a 34-year history of liver and spleen enlargement. The patient was diagnosed with GD1 with cirrhosis and portal hypertension based on the identification of Gaucher cells and advanced fibrosis in the liver biopsy tissue and two known pathogenic mutations on the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene. The patient received 660 mg/d of ambroxol for up to two years. At his six-month follow-up, the patient exhibited a remarkable increase in GBA activity (+35.5%) and decrease in liver stiffness (-19.5%) and portal vein diameter (-41.2%) as examined by ultrasound elastography and computer tomography, respectively. At two-year follow-up, the liver stiffness was further reduced (-55.5%) in comparison with untreated patients. CONCLUSION This case report suggests that long-term treatment with high dose ambroxol may play a role in the reduction of hepatic fibrosis in GD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021. China
| | - Mei-Fang Zheng
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021. China
| | - Shi-Yuan Cui
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021. China
| | - Run-Ping Gao
- Department of Hepatic Biliary Pancreatic Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021. China
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26
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Menon S, Kofoed RH, Nabbouh F, Xhima K, Al-Fahoum Y, Langman T, Mount HTJ, Shihabuddin LS, Sardi SP, Fraser PE, Watts JC, Aubert I, Tandon A. Viral alpha-synuclein knockdown prevents spreading synucleinopathy. Brain Commun 2021; 3:fcab247. [PMID: 34761222 PMCID: PMC8576194 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The accumulation of aggregated alpha-synuclein (α-syn) in Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies and multiple system atrophy is thought to involve a common prion-like mechanism, whereby misfolded α-syn provides a conformational template for further accumulation of pathological α-syn. We tested whether silencing α-syn gene expression could reduce native non-aggregated α-syn substrate and thereby disrupt the propagation of pathological α-syn initiated by seeding with synucleinopathy-affected mouse brain homogenates. Unilateral intracerebral injections of adeno-associated virus serotype-1 encoding microRNA targeting the α-syn gene reduced the extent and severity of both the α-syn pathology and motor deficits. Importantly, a moderate 50% reduction in α-syn was sufficient to prevent the spread of α-syn pathology to distal brain regions. Our study combines behavioural, immunohistochemical and biochemical data that strongly support α-syn knockdown gene therapy for synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sindhu Menon
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Rikke H Kofoed
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Fadl Nabbouh
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Kristiana Xhima
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Yasmeen Al-Fahoum
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Tammy Langman
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
| | - Howard T J Mount
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Lamya S Shihabuddin
- Sanofi, Framingham, MA 01701, USA
- Present address: 5AM Ventures, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Paul E Fraser
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Joel C Watts
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Isabelle Aubert
- Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
| | - Anurag Tandon
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Correspondence to: Anurag Tandon, PhD Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Krembil Discovery Tower Rm. 4KD481, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada E-mail:
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27
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Ivanova MM, Dao J, Kasaci N, Adewale B, Nazari S, Noll L, Fikry J, Sanati AH, Goker-Alpan O. Cellular and biochemical response to chaperone versus substrate reduction therapies in neuropathic Gaucher disease. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247211. [PMID: 34695170 PMCID: PMC8544834 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is caused by deficiency of the lysosomal membrane enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase) and the subsequent accumulation of its substrate, glucosylceramide (GC). Mostly missense mutations of the glucocerebrosidase gene (GBA) cause GCase misfolding and inhibition of proper lysosomal trafficking. The accumulated GC leads to lysosomal dysfunction and impairs the autophagy pathway. GD types 2 and 3 (GD2-3), or the neuronopathic forms, affect not only the Central Nervous System (CNS) but also have severe systemic involvement and progressive bone disease. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) successfully treats the hematologic manifestations; however, due to the lack of equal distribution of the recombinant enzyme in different organs, it has no direct impact on the nervous system and has minimal effect on bone involvement. Small molecules have the potential for better tissue distribution. Ambroxol (AMB) is a pharmacologic chaperone that partially recovers the mutated GCase activity and crosses the blood-brain barrier. Eliglustat (EGT) works by inhibiting UDP-glucosylceramide synthase, an enzyme that catalyzes GC biosynthesis, reducing GC influx load into the lysosome. Substrate reduction therapy (SRT) using EGT is associated with improvement in GD bone marrow burden score and bone mineral density parallel with the improvement in hematological parameters. We assessed the effects of EGT and AMB on GCase activity and autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in primary cell lines derived from patients with GD2-3 and compared to cell lines from healthy controls. We found that EGT, same as AMB, enhanced GCase activity in control cells and that an individualized response, that varied with GBA mutations, was observed in cells from patients with GD2-3. EGT and AMB enhanced the formation of lysosomal/late endosomal compartments and improved autophagy, independent of GBA mutations. Both AMB and EGT increased mitochondrial mass and density in GD2-3 fibroblasts, suggesting enhancement of mitochondrial function by activating the mitochondrial membrane potential. These results demonstrate that EGT and AMB, with different molecular mechanisms of action, enhance GCase activity and improve autophagy-lysosome dynamics and mitochondrial functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita M. Ivanova
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Julia Dao
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Neil Kasaci
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Adewale
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Shaista Nazari
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Lauren Noll
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline Fikry
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Armaghan Hafez Sanati
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
| | - Ozlem Goker-Alpan
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, VA, United States of America
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28
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Senkevich K, Rudakou U, Gan-Or Z. New therapeutic approaches to Parkinson's disease targeting GBA, LRRK2 and Parkin. Neuropharmacology 2021; 202:108822. [PMID: 34626666 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is defined as a complex disorder with multifactorial pathogenesis, yet a more accurate definition could be that PD is not a single entity, but rather a mixture of different diseases with similar phenotypes. Attempts to classify subtypes of PD have been made based on clinical phenotypes or biomarkers. However, the most practical approach, at least for a portion of the patients, could be to classify patients based on genes involved in PD. GBA and LRRK2 mutations are the most common genetic causes or risk factors of PD, and PRKN is the most common cause of autosomal recessive form of PD. Patients carrying variants in GBA, LRRK2 or PRKN differ in some of their clinical characteristics, pathology and biochemical parameters. Thus, these three PD-associated genes are of special interest for drug development. Existing therapeutic approaches in PD are strictly symptomatic, as numerous clinical trials aimed at modifying PD progression or providing neuroprotection have failed over the last few decades. The lack of precision medicine approach in most of these trials could be one of the reasons why they were not successful. In the current review we discuss novel therapeutic approaches targeting GBA, LRRK2 and PRKN and discuss different aspects related to these genes and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Senkevich
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Uladzislau Rudakou
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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29
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Park JH, Marquardt T. Treatment Options in Congenital Disorders of Glycosylation. Front Genet 2021; 12:735348. [PMID: 34567084 PMCID: PMC8461064 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.735348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the identification and diagnosis of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG), treatment options remain limited and are often constrained to symptomatic management of disease manifestations. However, recent years have seen significant advances in treatment and novel therapies aimed both at the causative defect and secondary disease manifestations have been transferred from bench to bedside. In this review, we aim to give a detailed overview of the available therapies and rising concepts to treat these ultra-rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien H Park
- Department of General Pediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thorsten Marquardt
- Department of General Pediatrics, Metabolic Diseases, University Children's Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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30
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Rodrigues PS, Kale PP. Mini review - The role of Glucocerebrosidase and Progranulin as possible targets in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 177:1082-1089. [PMID: 34175090 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2021.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
As per recent reports, there is an association between glucocerebrosidase (Gcase) enzyme and Parkinson's disease (PD). In addition, certain mutations in the Gcase gene (GBA) and the progranulin (PGRN) gene are found to be linked with the imbalance in the levels of Gcase enzyme. This imbalance or decrease or impairment in Gcase activity can lead to Gaucher disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), dementia, etc. Recent evidences suggest that the drugs used to treat these diseases can be used for PD. The present review has focused on the therapeutic approaches used for diseases linked with Gcase enzyme, which can be used for PD. The review also considered possible target specific novel strategies, which may help to meet the unmet needs in the treatment of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Rodrigues
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle west, 400056 Mumbai, India
| | - P P Kale
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V L M Road, Vile Parle west, 400056 Mumbai, India.
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31
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Marchetti M, Faggiano S, Mozzarelli A. Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Genetic Disorders Associated with Enzyme Deficiency. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:489-525. [PMID: 34042028 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210526144654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in human genes might lead to loss of functional proteins, causing diseases. Among these genetic disorders, a large class is associated with the deficiency in metabolic enzymes, resulting in both an increase in the concentration of substrates and a loss in the metabolites produced by the catalyzed reactions. The identification of therapeutic actions based on small molecules represents a challenge to medicinal chemists because the target is missing. Alternative approaches are biology-based, ranging from gene and stem cell therapy, CRISPR/Cas9 technology, distinct types of RNAs, and enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). This review will focus on the latter approach that since the 1990s has been successfully applied to cure many rare diseases, most of them being lysosomal storage diseases or metabolic diseases. So far, a dozen enzymes have been approved by FDA/EMA for lysosome storage disorders and only a few for metabolic diseases. Enzymes for replacement therapy are mainly produced in mammalian cells and some in plant cells and yeasts and are further processed to obtain active, highly bioavailable, less degradable products. Issues still under investigation for the increase in ERT efficacy are the optimization of enzymes interaction with cell membrane and internalization, the reduction in immunogenicity, and the overcoming of blood-brain barrier limitations when neuronal cells need to be targeted. Overall, ERT has demonstrated its efficacy and safety in the treatment of many genetic rare diseases, both saving newborn lives and improving patients' life quality, and represents a very successful example of targeted biologics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marialaura Marchetti
- Biopharmanet-TEC Interdepartmental Center, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze, Bldg 33., 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Serena Faggiano
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 23/A, 43124, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Mozzarelli
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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32
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Revel-Vilk S, Szer J, Zimran A. Hematological manifestations and complications of Gaucher disease. Expert Rev Hematol 2021; 14:347-354. [PMID: 33759681 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1908120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Gaucher disease (GD), although pan-ethnic and rare (common in Ashkenazi Jews), is of great importance to hematologists both for diagnosis and management. The need for increased awareness of GD is that delayed diagnosis may lead to preventable irreversible complications (mainly skeletal) or unnecessary invasive procedures (e.g. bone marrow biopsy), and the birth of another affected sibling due to lack of genetic consulting.Areas covered: The review outlines the common hematological manifestations of GD, including splenomegaly, thrombocytopenia, and anemia. Other hematological manifestations such as coagulation abnormalities, platelet dysfunction, gammopathy, and other hematological malignancies associated with GD are also discussed. Current and future treatment modalities are delineated, including enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapy, pharmacological chaperon, and gene therapy. A literature search was conducted to identify original research articles relevant to hematology manifestations and GD published before November 2020.Expert opinion: Patients with GD should be ideally followed and treated in a center of excellence where the GD expert benefits from experienced consultants in relevant disciplines. Due to the availability of several very expensive treatment options, it is important to have an unbiased expert who can select the most suitable management for the individual patients (including withholding prescription in asymptomatic patients).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Gaucher Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeff Szer
- Clinical Haematology at Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and The Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Unit, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Jerusalem, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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33
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Daykin EC, Ryan E, Sidransky E. Diagnosing neuronopathic Gaucher disease: New considerations and challenges in assigning Gaucher phenotypes. Mol Genet Metab 2021; 132:49-58. [PMID: 33483255 PMCID: PMC7884077 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD), resulting from biallelic mutations in the gene GBA1, is a monogenic recessively inherited Mendelian disorder with a wide range of phenotypic presentations. The more severe forms of the disease, acute neuronopathic GD (GD2) and chronic neuronopathic GD (GD3), also have a continuum of disease severity with an overlap in manifestations and limited genotype-phenotype correlation. In very young patients, assigning a definitive diagnosis can sometimes be challenging. Several recent studies highlight specific features of neuronopathic GD that may provide diagnostic clues. Distinguishing between the different GD types has important therapeutic implications. Currently there are limited treatment options specifically for neuronopathic GD due to the difficulty in delivering therapies across the blood-brain barrier. In this work, we present both classic and newly appreciated aspects of the Gaucher phenotype that can aid in discriminating between acute and chronic neuronopathic GD, and highlight the continuing therapeutic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily C Daykin
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Emory Ryan
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Ellen Sidransky
- Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA.
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