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Chen Y, Zhang KX, Liu H, Zhu Y, Bu QY, Song SX, Li YC, Zou H, You XY, Zhao GP. Impact of ginsenoside Rb1 on gut microbiome and associated changes in pharmacokinetics in rats. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21168. [PMID: 39256599 PMCID: PMC11387729 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-72225-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rb1 exhibits a wide range of biological activities, and gut microbiota is considered the main metabolic site for Rb1. However, the impact of gut microbiota on the pharmacokinetics of Rb1 are still uncertain. In this study, we investigated the gut microbiome changes and the pharmacokinetics after a 30 d Rb1 intervention. Results reveal that the systemic exposure and metabolic clearance rate of Rb1 and Rd were substantially affected after orally supplementing Rb1 (60 mg/kg) to rats. Significant increase in the relative abundance of Bacteroides cellulosilyticus in gut microbiota and specific glycoside hydrolase (GH) families, such as GH2, GH92, and GH20 were observed based on microbiome and metagenomic analysis. Moreover, a robust association was identified between the pharmacokinetic parameters of Rb1 and the relative abundance of specific Bacteroides species, and glycoside hydrolase families. Our study demonstrates that Rb1 administration significantly affects the gut microbiome, revealing a complex relationship between B. cellulosilyticus, key GH families, and Rb1 pharmacokinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Chen
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Kang-Xi Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Qing-Yun Bu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Xia Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Ya-Chun Li
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Hong Zou
- Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan You
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
- Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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2
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Qiao B, Xiao N, Deng N, Tan Z. Shenling Baizhu powder attenuates lard diet in a fatigued state-induced diarrhea via targeting microbial metabolites short chain fatty acids-mediated lipid metabolism. 3 Biotech 2024; 14:203. [PMID: 39157421 PMCID: PMC11329475 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-024-04045-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Shenling Baizhu Powder (SLBZP), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) prescription renowned for its efficacy, is specifically recognized for its therapeutic effects in managing diarrhea associated with spleen qi deficiency. Our previous research has demonstrated that a lard diet in a fatigued state induced diarrhea belonging to spleen qi deficiency in TCM. Through a comprehensive investigation, we aimed to provide insights into the intricate relationship between SLBZP and the modulation of gut microbiota in alleviating symptoms associated with spleen qi deficiency-induced diarrhea. We induced diarrhea in mice by subjecting them to continuous standing on a multiple-platform apparatus while administering lard through intragastric administration for 14 days. Subsequently, we conducted gavage administration of SLBZP at a concentration of 0.637 g/ml for seven days. We observed a therapeutic effect of SLBZP on diarrhea induced by a lard diet in a fatigued state. SLBZP mitigated disorders in lipid metabolism and diminished hepatic oxidative responses. Additionally, SLBZP reversed gut microbiota dysbiosis of diarrheic mice and notably increased the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), primarily acetic acid, butyric acid, and valeric acid. Through correlation analysis, we additionally identified Lactobacillus reuteri and Lactobacillus intestinalis as potentially pivotal species associated with the therapeutic effects of SLBZP. We demonstrated that SLBZP exerts therapeutic effects on diarrhea caused by a lard diet in a fatigued state by repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier, improving lipid metabolism disorders, and regulating gut microbiota and metabolites SCFAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qiao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Nenqun Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Na Deng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhoujin Tan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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3
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Fu X, Du B, Chen PA, Shama A, Chen B, Zhang X, Han X, Xu Y, Gong Y, Zeng X, Sun C, Yang W, Xing X, Li Z, Fu Y, Ke D, Wang N, Xia Y, Sun Y, Chen Q. Exploring the impact of gut microbial metabolites on inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine efficacy during pregnancy and mother-to-infant antibody transfer. Gut 2024; 73:1397-1400. [PMID: 37739779 PMCID: PMC11287518 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Fu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bingqian Du
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pei-An Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Aga Shama
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Baolan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xue Han
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yingxia Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajie Gong
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chongzhen Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenhan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohui Xing
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongjun Li
- Dongguan People's Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanyan Fu
- Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongyun Ke
- Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Niping Wang
- Guangzhou Baiyun District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Protein Function and Regulation in Agricultural Organisms, College of Life Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qingsong Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Public Health Detection and Assessment, NMPA Key Laboratory for Technology Research and Evaluation of Pharmacovigilance, Schoold of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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4
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Ruiz-Pablos M, Paiva B, Zabaleta A. Hypocortisolemic ASIA: a vaccine- and chronic infection-induced syndrome behind the origin of long COVID and myalgic encephalomyelitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1422940. [PMID: 39044822 PMCID: PMC11263040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1422940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), long COVID (LC) and post-COVID-19 vaccine syndrome show similarities in their pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. These disorders are related to viral or adjuvant persistence, immunological alterations, autoimmune diseases and hormonal imbalances. A developmental model is postulated that involves the interaction between immune hyperactivation, autoimmune hypophysitis or pituitary hypophysitis, and immune depletion. This process might begin with a deficient CD4 T-cell response to viral infections in genetically predisposed individuals (HLA-DRB1), followed by an uncontrolled immune response with CD8 T-cell hyperactivation and elevated antibody production, some of which may be directed against autoantigens, which can trigger autoimmune hypophysitis or direct damage to the pituitary, resulting in decreased production of pituitary hormones, such as ACTH. As the disease progresses, prolonged exposure to viral antigens can lead to exhaustion of the immune system, exacerbating symptoms and pathology. It is suggested that these disorders could be included in the autoimmune/adjuvant-induced inflammatory syndrome (ASIA) because of their similar clinical manifestations and possible relationship to genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in the HLA-DRB1 gene. In addition, it is proposed that treatment with antivirals, corticosteroids/ginseng, antioxidants, and metabolic precursors could improve symptoms by modulating the immune response, pituitary function, inflammation and oxidative stress. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to suggest a possible autoimmune origin against the adenohypophysis and a possible improvement of symptoms after treatment with corticosteroid replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Ruiz-Pablos
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bruno Paiva
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Aintzane Zabaleta
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), IdiSNA, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Clinica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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5
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Zhao L, Zhang T, Zhang K. Pharmacological effects of ginseng and ginsenosides on intestinal inflammation and the immune system. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1353614. [PMID: 38698858 PMCID: PMC11064651 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1353614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Intestinal inflammatory imbalance and immune dysfunction may lead to a spectrum of intestinal diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastrointestinal tumors. As the king of herbs, ginseng has exerted a wide range of pharmacological effects in various diseases. Especially, it has been shown that ginseng and ginsenosides have strong immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory abilities in intestinal system. In this review, we summarized how ginseng and various extracts influence intestinal inflammation and immune function, including regulating the immune balance, modulating the expression of inflammatory mediators and cytokines, promoting intestinal mucosal wound healing, preventing colitis-associated colorectal cancer, recovering gut microbiota and metabolism imbalance, alleviating antibiotic-induced diarrhea, and relieving the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. In addition, the specific experimental methods and key control mechanisms are also briefly described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kai Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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6
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Ai Z, Liu S, Zhang J, Hu Y, Tang P, Cui L, Wang X, Zou H, Li X, Liu J, Nan B, Wang Y. Ginseng Glucosyl Oleanolate from Ginsenoside Ro, Exhibited Anti-Liver Cancer Activities via MAPKs and Gut Microbiota In Vitro/Vivo. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:7845-7860. [PMID: 38501913 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Ginseng is widely recognized for its diverse health benefits and serves as a functional food ingredient with global popularity. Ginsenosides with a broad range of pharmacological effects are the most crucial active ingredients in ginseng. This study aimed to derive ginseng glucosyl oleanolate (GGO) from ginsenoside Ro through enzymatic conversion and evaluate its impact on liver cancer in vitro and in vivo. GGO exhibited concentration-dependent HepG2 cell death and markedly inhibited cell proliferation via the MAPK signaling pathway. It also attenuated tumor growth in immunocompromised mice undergoing heterograft transplantation. Furthermore, GGO intervention caused a modulation of gut microbiota composition by specific bacterial populations, including Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Clostridium, Enterococcus, etc., and ameliorated SCFA metabolism and colonic inflammation. These findings offer promising evidence for the potential use of GGO as a natural functional food ingredient in the prevention and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Ai
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Sitong Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Junshun Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yue Hu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ping Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Linlin Cui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xinzhu Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Hongyang Zou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xia Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingsheng Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Bo Nan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
- Jilin Province Innovation Center for Food Biological Manufacture, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
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7
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Wang J, Guo Z, Shen M, Xie Q, Xiang H. Potential application mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1366489. [PMID: 38660314 PMCID: PMC11039877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1366489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer ranks among the foremost causes of mortality worldwide, posing a significant threat to human lives. The advent of tumor immunotherapy has substantially transformed the therapeutic landscape for numerous advanced malignancies, notably non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. However, as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are increasingly applied in clinical settings, a spectrum of undesired reactions, termed immune-related adverse events (irAEs), has emerged. These adverse reactions are associated with immunotherapy and can result in varying degrees of harm to the human body. Among these reactions, Immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis (ICIIC) stands out as one of the most prevalent clinical adverse events. In contemporary times, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has demonstrated remarkable efficacy in addressing various maladies. Consequently, investigating the potential application and mechanisms of Chinese medicine in countering immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced colitis assumes significant importance in the treatment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Ziyue Guo
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Mengyi Shen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Shangdong First Medical University & Shangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Hongjie Xiang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, China
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
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8
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Chargo NJ, Kang HJ, Das S, Jin Y, Rockwell C, Cho JY, McCabe LR, Parameswaran N. Korean red ginseng extract prevents bone loss in an oral model of glucocorticoid induced osteoporosis in mice. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1268134. [PMID: 38533264 PMCID: PMC10963623 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1268134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota and barrier function play important roles in bone health. We previously demonstrated that chronic glucocorticoid (GC)-induced bone loss in mice is associated with significant shifts in gut microbiota composition and impaired gut barrier function. Korean Red Ginseng (KRG, Panax Ginseng Meyer, Araliaceae) extract has been shown to prevent glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO) in a subcutaneous pellet model in mice, but its effect on gut microbiota and barrier function in this context is not known. The overall goal of this study was to test the effect of KRG extract in a clinically relevant, oral model of GIO and further investigate its role in modulating the gut-bone axis. Growing male mice (CD-1, 8 weeks) were treated with 75 μg/mL corticosterone (∼9 mg/kg/day) or 0.4% ethanol vehicle in the drinking water for 4 weeks. During this 4-week period, mice were treated daily with 500 mg/kg/day KRG extract dissolved in sterile water or an equal amount of sterile water via oral gastric gavage. After 4 weeks of treatment, we assessed bone volume, microbiota composition, gut barrier integrity, and immune cells in the bone marrow (BM) and mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs). 4 weeks of oral GC treatment caused significant distal femur trabecular bone loss, and this was associated with changes in gut microbiota composition, impaired gut barrier function and altered immune cell composition. Importantly, KRG extract prevented distal femur trabecular bone loss and caused significant alterations in gut microbiota composition but had only modest effects on gut barrier function and immune cell populations. Taken together, these results demonstrate that KRG extract significantly modulates the gut microbiota-bone axis and prevents glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Chargo
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Ho Jun Kang
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Subhashari Das
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Yining Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Cheryl Rockwell
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Laura R. McCabe
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- College of Osteopathic Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Narayanan Parameswaran
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
- College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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9
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Zhang KX, Zhu Y, Song SX, Bu QY, You XY, Zou H, Zhao GP. Ginsenoside Rb1, Compound K and 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol Attenuate High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Rats via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Bile Acid Metabolism. Molecules 2024; 29:1108. [PMID: 38474620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia, characterized by elevated serum lipid concentrations resulting from lipid metabolism dysfunction, represents a prevalent global health concern. Ginsenoside Rb1, compound K (CK), and 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD), bioactive constituents derived from Panax ginseng, have shown promise in mitigating lipid metabolism disorders. However, the comparative efficacy and underlying mechanisms of these compounds in hyperlipidemia prevention remain inadequately explored. This study investigates the impact of ginsenoside Rb1, CK, and PPD supplementation on hyperlipidemia in rats induced by a high-fat diet. Our findings demonstrate that ginsenoside Rb1 significantly decreased body weight and body weight gain, ameliorated hepatic steatosis, and improved dyslipidemia in HFD-fed rats, outperforming CK and PPD. Moreover, ginsenoside Rb1, CK, and PPD distinctly modified gut microbiota composition and function. Ginsenoside Rb1 increased the relative abundance of Blautia and Eubacterium, while PPD elevated Akkermansia levels. Both CK and PPD increased Prevotella and Bacteroides, whereas Clostridium-sensu-stricto and Lactobacillus were reduced following treatment with all three compounds. Notably, only ginsenoside Rb1 enhanced lipid metabolism by modulating the PPARγ/ACC/FAS signaling pathway and promoting fatty acid β-oxidation. Additionally, all three ginsenosides markedly improved bile acid enterohepatic circulation via the FXR/CYP7A1 pathway, reducing hepatic and serum total bile acids and modulating bile acid pool composition by decreasing primary/unconjugated bile acids (CA, CDCA, and β-MCA) and increasing conjugated bile acids (TCDCA, GCDCA, GDCA, and TUDCA), correlated with gut microbiota changes. In conclusion, our results suggest that ginsenoside Rb1, CK, and PPD supplementation offer promising prebiotic interventions for managing HFD-induced hyperlipidemia in rats, with ginsenoside Rb1 demonstrating superior efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Xi Zhang
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Shu-Xia Song
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qing-Yun Bu
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Xiao-Yan You
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Hong Zou
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Guo-Ping Zhao
- Master Lab for Innovative Application of Nature Products, National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nutrition, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
- CAS-Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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10
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Wang J, Ouyang B, Cao R, Xu Y. An UHPLC-QTOF-MS-based strategy for systematic profiling of chemical constituents and associated in vivo metabolites of a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula, Yinchenhao decoction. Biomed Chromatogr 2024; 38:e5784. [PMID: 38009806 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.5784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Yinchenhao decoction (YCHD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine formula, has been applied for relieving jaundice in China for more than 1800 years. However, the material basis for YCHD is still unclear, and the chemical composition and metabolism characteristic in vivo are undefined, making the potential effective constituents and mechanism of action unclear. Herein, an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QTOF-MS)-based strategy was applied for the chemical profiling of YCHD, as well as their in vivo prototypes and global metabolites that defined the metabolome. Our results showed that a total of 139 chemicals were identified in YCHD, including 28 organic acids, 12 monoterpenoids, five diterpenes, three triterpenoids, 17 iridoids, 23 anthraquinones, 26 flavonoids, four coumarins and 21 other types. Moreover, 58 prototypes and 175 metabolites were found in rat biological samples after oral administration of YCHD; those distributed in plasma, liver, intestine and feces were suggested to be potentially effective substances. Oxidation, hydrogenation, decarboxylation and conjugations with methyl, sulfate and glucuronate were considered as the predominant metabolic pathways in vivo. In conclusion, this is a systemic study of chemical constituents and in vivo metabolome profiles of YCHD, contributing to the material basis understanding and further mechanism research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bingchen Ouyang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Cao
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Shen Y, Gao Y, Yang G, Zhao Z, Zhao Y, Gao L, Zhao L, Li S. Transformation of Ginsenosides by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MB11 Fermentation: Minor Ginsenosides Conversion and Enhancement of Anti-Colorectal Cancer Activity. Molecules 2023; 29:27. [PMID: 38202610 PMCID: PMC10780060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to increase the content of minor ginsenosides and enhance the anti-colorectal cancer activity of ginsenosides via biotransformation by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum MB11 screened from fermented foods. A subcutaneous transplantation tumor model of murine colorectal cancer CT26 cells was established in mice to study the anticarcinogenic activities and mechanism of fermented total ginsenosides (FTGs). The results showed that L. plantarum MB11 fermentation increased the content of minor ginsenosides and decreased that of major ginsenosides. FTGs reduced the tumor weight and size compared with the model group. Immunofluorescence and TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) analysis showed that FTGs significantly increase the number of caspase-3 cells in tumor tissue and induce cell apoptosis. Mechanically, FTGs activate AMPK/mTOR autophagy pathway and regulate JAK2/STAT3 and Bax/Bcl-2/caspase-3 apoptosis pathway. Overall, fermentation with L. plantarum MB11 enhanced minor ginsenosides in total ginsenosides, and FTGs induced subcutaneous transplantation tumor autophagy and apoptosis in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Shen
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Yansong Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Ge Yang
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Yujuan Zhao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Lei Gao
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China;
| | - Shengyu Li
- Institute of Agricultural Products Processing Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences (Northeast Agriculture Research Center of China), Changchun 130033, China; (Y.S.); (Y.G.); (G.Y.); (Z.Z.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.)
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12
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Zhong Y, Xiao Q, Huang J, Yu S, Chen L, Wan Q, Zhang Z, Luo L, Song L, Zhao H, Zhou W, Liu D. Ginsenoside Rg1 Alleviates Ulcerative Colitis in Obese Mice by Regulating the Gut Microbiota-Lipid Metabolism-Th1/Th2/Th17 Cells Axis. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:20073-20091. [PMID: 38064669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg1 (G-Rg1) has various pharmacological properties including antiobesity, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of G-Rg1 on colitis complicated by obesity. The results indicate that G-Rg1 effectively alleviates colitis in obese mice and improves serum lipid levels and liver function. Importantly, G-Rg1 improved the composition of gut microbiota in obese mice with colitis, with increases in alpha diversity indexes Sobs, Ace, and Chao, a significant down-regulation of the relative abundance of Romboutsia, and a significant up-regulation of Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Enterorhabdus, Desulfovibrio, and Alistipes. Meanwhile, G-Rg1 improved lipid metabolism in the colonic contents of obese mice with colitis. Additionally, G-Rg1 significantly reduced the percentages of helper T (Th)1, Th17, central memory T (TCM), and effector memory T (TEM) cells in obese mice with colitis while significantly increasing Naïve T and Th2 cells. In conclusion, G-Rg1 could be a promising therapeutic option for alleviating obesity complicated by colitis through regulation of the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism as well as Th1/Th2/Th17 cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbao Zhong
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Health Industry, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qiuping Xiao
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Songren Yu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Liling Chen
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Qi Wan
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zheyan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Luo
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lizhao Song
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Haimei Zhao
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- Nanchang Medical College, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330004, China
| | - Duanyong Liu
- Formula-Pattern Research Center, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- Institute of Chinese Medicine and Health Industry, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
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13
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Zeng SY, Liu YF, Liu JH, Zeng ZL, Xie H, Liu JH. Potential Effects of Akkermansia Muciniphila in Aging and Aging-Related Diseases: Current Evidence and Perspectives. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2015-2027. [PMID: 37199577 PMCID: PMC10676789 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is an anaerobic bacterium that widely colonizes the mucus layer of the human and animal gut. The role of this symbiotic bacterium in host metabolism, inflammation, and cancer immunotherapy has been extensively investigated over the past 20 years. Recently, a growing number of studies have revealed a link between A. muciniphila, and aging and aging-related diseases (ARDs). Research in this area is gradually shifting from correlation analysis to exploration of causal relationships. Here, we systematically reviewed the association of A. muciniphila with aging and ARDs (including vascular degeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoporosis, chronic kidney disease, and type 2 diabetes). Furthermore, we summarize the potential mechanisms of action of A. muciniphila and offer perspectives for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Yu Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Yi-Fu Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhao-Lin Zeng
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
- Movement System Injury and Repair Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
| | - Jiang-Hua Liu
- Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, Hunan, China.
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14
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Kim JK, Choi MS, Park HS, Kee KH, Kim DH, Yoo HH. Pharmacokinetic Profiling of Ginsenosides, Rb1, Rd, and Rg3, in Mice with Antibiotic-Induced Gut Microbiota Alterations: Implications for Variability in the Therapeutic Efficacy of Red Ginseng Extracts. Foods 2023; 12:4342. [PMID: 38231867 DOI: 10.3390/foods12234342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Ginsenoside Rg3 is reported to contribute to the traditionally known diverse effects of red ginseng extracts. Significant individual variations in the therapeutic efficacy of red ginseng extracts have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the effect of amoxicillin on the pharmacokinetics of ginsenosides Rb1, Rd, and Rg3 in mice following the oral administration of red ginseng extracts. We examined the α-diversity and β-diversity of gut microbiota and conducted pharmacokinetic studies to measure systemic exposure to ginsenoside Rg3. We also analyzed the microbiome abundance and microbial metabolic activity involved in the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1. Amoxicillin treatment reduced both the α-diversity and β-diversity of the gut microbiota and decreased systemic exposure to ginsenoside Rg3 in mice. The area under the curve (AUC) values for Rg3 in control and amoxicillin-treated groups were 247.7 ± 96.6 ng·h/mL and 139.2 ± 32.9 ng·h/mL, respectively. The microbiome abundance and microbial metabolic activity involved in the biotransformation of ginsenoside Rb1 were also altered by amoxicillin treatment. The metabolizing activity was reduced from 0.13 to 0.05 pmol/min/mg on average. Our findings indicate that amoxicillin treatment potentially reduces the gut-microbiota-mediated metabolism of ginsenoside Rg3 in mice given red ginseng extracts, altering its pharmacokinetics. Gut microbiome variations may thus influence individual ginsenoside pharmacokinetics, impacting red ginseng extract's efficacy. Our results suggest that modulating the microbiome could enhance the efficacy of red ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeon-Kyung Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of New Drug Development, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sun Choi
- Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seo Park
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hwa Kee
- Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Neurobiota Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Hyun Yoo
- Pharmacomicrobiomics Research Center, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea
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15
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Ma L, Ji L, Wang T, Zhai Z, Su P, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhao W, Wu Z, Yu H, Zhao H. Research progress on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine regulating intestinal microbiota to combat influenza a virus infection. Virol J 2023; 20:260. [PMID: 37957630 PMCID: PMC10644525 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02228-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses (IAV) are a prevalent respiratory pathogen that can cause seasonal flu and global pandemics, posing a significant global public health threat. Emerging research suggests that IAV infections may disrupt the balance of gut microbiota, while gut dysbiosis can affect disease progression in IAV patients. Therefore, restoring gut microbiota balance may represent a promising therapeutic target for IAV infections. Traditional Chinese medicine, with its ability to regulate gut microbiota, offers significant potential in preventing and treating IAV. This article provides a comprehensive review of the relationship between IAV and gut microbiota, highlighting the impact of gut microbiota on IAV infections. It also explores the mechanisms and role of traditional Chinese medicine in regulating gut microbiota for the prevention and treatment of IAV, presenting novel research avenues for traditional Chinese medicine-based IAV treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- LanYing Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
| | - Lingyun Ji
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tong Wang
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Zhe Zhai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
| | - PeiWei Su
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
| | - YaNan Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - WenXiao Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
- School of Nursing, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - ZhiChun Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - HuaYun Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - HaiJun Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shangdong Province, China.
- Shandong Co-innovation Center of Classic Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China.
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16
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Xu P, Cui C, Liu Y, Fang K, Wang Q, Liu C, Tan R. Case report: Herbal treatment of neutropenic enterocolitis after chemotherapy for breast cancer. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220753. [PMID: 37941783 PMCID: PMC10628586 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In this case report, a 53-year-old woman was diagnosed with severe NE after receiving chemotherapy for breast cancer. The patient with breast cancer was treated with a single cycle of docetaxel (140 mg) + epirubicin (130 mg) + cyclophosphamide (0.9 g) chemotherapy. However, the woman presented with symptoms of fatigue and diarrhea 5 days later accompanied with severe neutropenia according to the routine blood test. The computed tomography examination displayed the thickening and swelling of the colorectal wall. After the diagnosis of NE, the woman received antibiotics and supportive treatment, but her symptoms were not improved. The Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) diagnostic pattern was then designed for the patient. The patient was administered with two CHM decoctions. One decoction contained 24 kinds of herbal materials, and the other one was called pure ginseng decoction. These two decoctions were administered to the patient 2 or 3 times per day to tonify the spleen, nourish Qi and blood, and remove phlegm and damp heat symptoms. After the CHM treatment lasting for 10 days, the symptoms of the patient were improved, and she was discharged. In conclusion, CHM treatment played an indispensable role in curing the woman with chemotherapy-induced NE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xu
- Galactophore Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Chaoxiong Cui
- Ophthalmology Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Yukun Liu
- Galactophore Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Kun Fang
- Galactophore Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Qitang Wang
- Galactophore Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Health Management Department, Ophthalmology Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, China
| | - Ruixia Tan
- Health Management Department, The Affiliated Qingdao Central Hospital of Qingdao University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Qingdao University, No. 127, Si-Liu South Road, Qingdao266042, Shandong, China
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17
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Wang P, Gao Y, Yang G, Zhao Y, Zhao Z, Gao G, Zhao L, Li S. Enhancing the inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis in H22 hepatoma cells through biotransformation of notoginsenoside R1 by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S165 into 20( S/ R)-notoginsenoside R2. RSC Adv 2023; 13:29773-29783. [PMID: 37829710 PMCID: PMC10565556 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06029b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Notoginsenoside R2 is a crucial active saponin in Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, but its natural content is relatively low. In this study, we investigated the biotransformation of notoginsenoside R1 to 20(S/R)-notoginsenoside R2 using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S165, compared the inhibitory effects on cancer cell proliferation and conducted a mechanistic study. Notoginsenoside R1 was transformed using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S165 at 37 °C for 21 days. The fermentation products were identified using a combination of HPLC, UPLC-MS/MS, and 13C-NMR methods. The inhibition effects of 20(S/R)-notoginsenoside R2 on H22 hepatoma cells were assessed by CCK-8 and TUNEL assays, and the underlying mechanism was investigated by Western blotting. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum S165 could effectively transform notoginsenoside R1 to 20(S/R)-notoginsenoside R2 with a conversion yield of 82.85%. Our results showed that 20(S/R)-notoginsenoside R2 inhibited H22 hepatoma cells proliferation and promoted apoptosis. The apoptosis of H22 hepatoma cells was promoted by 20(S/R)-notoginsenoside R2 through the blockade of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. The biotransformation method used in this study resulted in the production of 20(S)-notoginsenoside R2 and 20(R)-notoginsenoside R2 from notoginsenoside R1, and the anti-tumor activity of the transformed substance markedly improved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penghui Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130117 P. R. China
| | - Yansong Gao
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 P. R. China +86 431 87063075 +86 431 87063289
| | - Ge Yang
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 P. R. China +86 431 87063075 +86 431 87063289
| | - Yujuan Zhao
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 P. R. China +86 431 87063075 +86 431 87063289
| | - Zijian Zhao
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 P. R. China +86 431 87063075 +86 431 87063289
| | - Ge Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130117 P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine Changchun 130117 P. R. China
| | - Shengyu Li
- Institute of Agro-Food Technology, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changchun 130033 P. R. China +86 431 87063075 +86 431 87063289
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18
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Jiang RY, Fang ZR, Zhang HP, Xu JY, Zhu JY, Chen KY, Wang W, Jiang X, Wang XJ. Ginsenosides: changing the basic hallmarks of cancer cells to achieve the purpose of treating breast cancer. Chin Med 2023; 18:125. [PMID: 37749560 PMCID: PMC10518937 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-023-00822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2021, breast cancer accounted for a substantial proportion of cancer cases and represented the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. Although tumor cells originate from normal cells in the human body, they possess distinct biological characteristics resulting from changes in gene structure and function of cancer cells in contrast with normal cells. These distinguishing features, known as hallmarks of cancer cells, differ from those of normal cells. The hallmarks primarily include high metabolic activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and resistance to cell death. Current evidence suggests that the fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells affect the tissue structure, function, and metabolism of tumor cells and their internal and external environment. Therefore, these fundamental hallmarks of tumor cells enable tumor cells to proliferate, invade and avoid apoptosis. Modifying these hallmarks of tumor cells represents a new and potentially promising approach to tumor treatment. The key to breast cancer treatment lies in identifying the optimal therapeutic agent with minimal toxicity to normal cells, considering the specific types of tumor cells in patients. Some herbal medicines contain active ingredients which can precisely achieve this purpose. In this review, we introduce Ginsenoside's mechanism and research significance in achieving the therapeutic effect of breast cancer by changing the functional hallmarks of tumor cells, providing a new perspective for the potential application of Ginsenoside as a therapeutic drug for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Yuan Jiang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zi-Ru Fang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huan-Ping Zhang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jun-Yao Xu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Yu Zhu
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke-Yu Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, NO. 548, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China
- Wenzhou Medical University, No. 270, Xueyuan West Road, Lucheng District, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, NO. 13, Wuhe Road, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530022, Guangxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Jia Wang
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, 310022, Zhejiang, China.
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19
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Zhong Y, Li L, Chen W, Xing D, Wu X. Effects of Ilicis Chinensis folium extract supplementation on growth performance, serum parameters, intestinal morphology, and antioxidant capacity of broiler chickens. BMC Vet Res 2023; 19:94. [PMID: 37496032 PMCID: PMC10373348 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-023-03667-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ilicis chinensis folium extract (ICFE) is a powder extracted and processed with Ilex chinensis Sims (ICS) which has numerous bioactivities and is conventionally used in traditional Chinese medicine. Nonetheless, there has been no definitive study evaluating ICFE's application as a feed supplement for broilers. This research sought to determine the chemical composition and evaluate how dietary ICFE supplementation affects the growth performance, serum metrics, intestinal structure, and antioxidant capacity of broilers. METHODS A total of 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were assigned to four treatments (with 9 replicates of 10 chicks, each) of dietary supplementation with ICFE at 0, 250, 500, and 1,000 mg /kg for 42 days. RESULTS Ten polyphenolic compounds and two triterpenoid glycosides were detected by HPLC. In the grower stage and overall, broilers supplemented with 500 and 1,000 mg/kg ICFE exhibited a higher ADFI (P < 0.05) than the controls. Additionally, compared to the controls, broilers receiving low, medium, or high dosages of ICFE exhibited higher average daily gains (P < 0.05) throughout the starter stage and overall. Organ indices showed no significant variation, suggesting that ICFE was non-toxic. ICFE supplementation increased the height of villi in the duodenum and jejunum, reduced crypt depth, and increased the villus/crypt ratio in the duodenum (P < 0.05). Serum concentrations of IL-4 and IgA were increased in ICFE-supplemented broilers. The serum malondialdehyde concentration was reduced, whereas superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity increased through supplementation with ICFE. CONCLUSION ICFE supplementation can improve intestinal morphology, antioxidant capacity, and growth performance of broilers. Hence, ICFE is a promising and safe alternative to antibiotics in broilers, and 500 mg/kg appears to be the optimal dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjie Zhong
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Liang Li
- Foss Analytical Co.Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Wujun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dongming Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Cancer Institute, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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20
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Liu Y, Jin ZY, Wang JX, Wang D, Liu H, Li D, Zhu J, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Chang SY, Yang LH, Kang JD, Quan LH. Ginsenoside Rg1 activates brown adipose tissue to counteract obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition. Food Funct 2023; 14:4696-4705. [PMID: 37186251 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem strongly linked to gut microbes and their metabolites. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) reduced lipid droplet size and hepatic lipid accumulation by activating uncoupling protein 1 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), which in turn inhibited high-fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain in mice. Furthermore, the intestinal flora of mice was altered, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium was upregulated, and the concentrations of fecal bile acids were altered, with cholic acid and taurocholic acid concentrations being significantly increased. In addition, the beneficial effects of Rg1 were eliminated in mice treated with a combination of antibiotics. In conclusion, these results suggest that Rg1 activates BAT to counteract obesity by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Danqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Dongxu Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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21
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Li Z, Fang X, Hu X, Li C, Wan Y, Yu D. Amelioration of alcohol-induced acute liver injury in C57BL/6 mice by a mixture of TCM phytochemicals and probiotics with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1144589. [PMID: 36960204 PMCID: PMC10027757 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1144589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There are many causes of acute liver injury (ALI), such as alcohol, drugs, infection, and toxic materials, which have caused major health problems around the world. Among these causes, alcohol consumption induced liver injury is a common alcoholic liver disease, which can further lead to liver failure even liver cancer. A number of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and TCM derived compounds have been used in treating the liver-associated diseases and combination use of probiotics with TCM phytochemicals has attracted interests for enhanced biological effects. Methods This study investigated the hepatoprotective effect of TCM-probiotics complex (TCMPC) and its underlying mechanism for the treatment of ALI in mice. The TCMPC is composed of TCM phytochemicals puerarin, curcumin, ginsenosides, and 5 lactobacteria strains. We first established a mouse model of alcohol-induced ALI, then the therapeutic effects of TCMPC on alcohol-induced ALI were monitored. A series of measurements have been performed on antioxidation, anti-inflammation, and lipid metabolism regulation. Results The results showed that TCMPC can reduce the level of liver injury biomarkers and regulate oxidative stress. Histopathological results indicated that TCMPC could ameliorate ALI in mice. In addition, it can also significantly reduce the production of inflammatory cytokines caused by ALI. Conclusion Our research has proved the therapeutic effect of TCMPC on alcohol-induced ALI. The potential mechanism of hepatoprotective effects of TCMPC may be related to its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects. Our research might provide a new way for liver disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Li
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xuexun Fang
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Hu
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Congcong Li
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Youzhong Wan
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Youzhong Wan,
| | - Dahai Yu
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Dahai Yu,
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22
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Bao Y, Han X, Liu D, Tan Z, Deng Y. Gut microbiota: The key to the treatment of metabolic syndrome in traditional Chinese medicine - a case study of diabetes and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1072376. [PMID: 36618372 PMCID: PMC9816483 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1072376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome mainly includes obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2DM), alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and cardiovascular diseases. According to the ancient experience philosophy of Yin-Yang, monarch-minister compatibility of traditional Chinese medicine, prescription is given to treat diseases, which has the advantages of small toxic and side effects and quick effect. However, due to the diversity of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients and doubts about the treatment theory of traditional Chinese medicine, the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine is still in doubt. Gastrointestinal tract is an important part of human environment, and participates in the occurrence and development of diseases. In recent years, more and more TCM researches have made intestinal microbiome a new frontier for understanding and treating diseases. Clinically, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) often co-occur. Our aim is to explain the mechanism of interaction between gastrointestinal microbiome and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) or traditional Chinese medicine formula to treat DM and NAFLD. Traditional Chinese medicine may treat these two diseases by influencing the composition of intestinal microorganisms, regulating the metabolism of intestinal microorganisms and transforming Chinese medicinal compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Bao
- Department of Endosecretory Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Department of Endosecretory Metabolic Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Da Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Yongzhi Deng, ; Zhaolin Tan, ; Da Liu,
| | - Zhaolin Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Yongzhi Deng, ; Zhaolin Tan, ; Da Liu,
| | - Yongzhi Deng
- Department of Acupuncture and Massage, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China,*Correspondence: Yongzhi Deng, ; Zhaolin Tan, ; Da Liu,
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Zeng X, Zheng Y, He Y, Zhang J, Peng W, Su W. Microbial Metabolism of Naringin and the Impact on Antioxidant Capacity. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14183765. [PMID: 36145140 PMCID: PMC9502552 DOI: 10.3390/nu14183765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringin is a dietary flavonoid glycoside with broad bioactivities, and it has been found to undergo extensive microbial metabolism in human gut. Microbial metabolites are believed to play an important role in the overall bioactivity of naringin. However, knowledge is scarce about its microbial metabolism in laboratory rats, which are the most commonly used animal model for naringin-related biomedical studies. Herein, we profiled the microbial metabolism of naringin in rat by an in vitro anaerobic fermentation combined with LC-MS/MS methods. A total of 35 microbial metabolites were identified, and corresponding metabolic pathways were proposed. Naringin and its metabolites were further quantified in fermentation samples. Rhoifolin, neoeriocitrin, neohesperidin, naringenin, methylated naringin, and hydroxylated naringin were detected as the primary microbial metabolites. Moreover, antioxidant capacity assays suggested that fermentation-associated microbial metabolites exhibited higher antioxidant activity than original naringin. Obtained results contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the microbial metabolism and antioxidant capacity of naringin.
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24
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Wu H, Ganguly S, Tollefsbol TO. Modulating Microbiota as a New Strategy for Breast Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10091727. [PMID: 36144329 PMCID: PMC9503838 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10091727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer in women in the United States. There has been an increasing incidence and decreasing mortality rate of BC cases over the past several decades. Many risk factors are associated with BC, such as diet, aging, personal and family history, obesity, and some environmental factors. Recent studies have shown that healthy individuals and BC patients have different microbiota composition, indicating that microbiome is a new risk factor for BC. Gut and breast microbiota alterations are associated with BC prognosis. This review will evaluate altered microbiota populations in gut, breast tissue, and milk of BC patients, as well as mechanisms of interactions between microbiota modulation and BC. Probiotics and prebiotics are commercially available dietary supplements to alleviate side-effects of cancer therapies. They also shape the population of human gut microbiome. This review evaluates novel means of modulating microbiota by nutritional treatment with probiotics and prebiotics as emerging and promising strategies for prevention and treatment of BC. The mechanistic role of probiotic and prebiotics partially depend on alterations in estrogen metabolism, systematic immune regulation, and epigenetics regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixin Wu
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sebanti Ganguly
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Trygve O. Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Integrative Center for Aging Research, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1802 6th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1675 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 1825 University Boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- University Wide Microbiome Center, University of Alabama Birmingham, 845 19th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-205-934-4573; Fax: +1-205-975-6097
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25
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Medicinal Plants and Their Impact on the Gut Microbiome in Mental Health: A Systematic Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102111. [PMID: 35631252 PMCID: PMC9144835 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Various neurocognitive and mental health-related conditions have been associated with the gut microbiome, implicating a microbiome–gut–brain axis (MGBA). The aim of this systematic review was to identify, categorize, and review clinical evidence supporting medicinal plants for the treatment of mental disorders and studies on their interactions with the gut microbiota. Methods: This review included medicinal plants for which clinical studies on depression, sleeping disorders, anxiety, or cognitive dysfunction as well as scientific evidence of interaction with the gut microbiome were available. The studies were reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Results: Eighty-five studies met the inclusion criteria and covered thirty mental health-related medicinal plants with data on interaction with the gut microbiome. Conclusion: Only a few studies have been specifically designed to assess how herbal preparations affect MGBA-related targets or pathways. However, many studies provide hints of a possible interaction with the MGBA, such as an increased abundance of health-beneficial microorganisms, anti-inflammatory effects, or MGBA-related pathway effects by gut microbial metabolites. Data for Panax ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, and Salvia rosmarinus indicate that the interaction of their constituents with the gut microbiota could mediate mental health benefits. Studies specifically assessing the effects on MGBA-related pathways are still required for most medicinal plants.
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