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Yau J, Chukwu P, Jedlicka SS, Ramamurthi A. Assessing trans-endothelial transport of nanoparticles for delivery to abdominal aortic aneurysms. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:881-894. [PMID: 38192169 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) are localized, rupture-prone expansions of the abdominal aorta wall. In this condition, structural extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins of the aorta wall, elastic fibers and collagen fibers, that impart elasticity and stiffness respectively, are slowly degraded by overexpressed matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) following an injury stimulus. We are seeking to deliver therapeutics to the AAA wall using polymer nanoparticles (NPs) that are capable of stimulating on-site matrix regeneration and repair. This study aimed to determine how NP shape and size impacts endocytosis and transmigration past the endothelial cell (EC) layer from circulation into the medial layer of the AAA wall. First, rod-shaped NPs were shown to be created based mechanical stretching of PLGA NPs while embedded in a PVA film with longer rod-shaped NPs created based of the degree in which the PVA films are stretched. Live/dead assay reveals that our PLGA NPs are safe and do not cause cell death. Immunofluorescence staining reveal cytokine activation causes endothelial dysfunction in ECs by increasing expression of inflammatory marker Integrin αVβ3 and decreasing expression of adhesion protein vascular endothelial (VE)-cadherin. We showed this disruption enable greater EC uptake and translocation of NPs. Fluorescence studies demonstrate high endothelial transmigration and endocytosis with rod-shaped NPs in cytokine activated ECs compared to healthy control cells, arguing for the benefits of using higher aspect ratio (AR) NPs for accumulation at the aneurysm site. We also demonstrated that the mechanisms of NP transmigration across an activated EC layer depend on NP AR. These results show the potential of using shape as a modality for enhancing permeation of NPs into the aneurysm wall. These studies are also significance to understanding the mechanisms that are likely engaged by NPs for penetrating the endothelial lining of aneurysmal wall segments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimmy Yau
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patience Chukwu
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sabrina S Jedlicka
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anand Ramamurthi
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, USA
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2
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Gaunt JR, Zainolabidin N, Yip AKK, Tan JM, Low AYT, Chen AI, Ch'ng TH. Cytokine enrichment in deep cerebellar nuclei is contributed by multiple glial populations and linked to reduced amyloid plaque pathology. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:269. [PMID: 37978387 PMCID: PMC10656954 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02913-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology and amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaque deposition progress slowly in the cerebellum compared to other brain regions, while the entorhinal cortex (EC) is one of the most vulnerable regions. Using a knock-in AD mouse model (App KI), we show that within the cerebellum, the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN) has particularly low accumulation of Aβ plaques. To identify factors that might underlie differences in the progression of AD-associated neuropathology across regions, we profiled gene expression in single nuclei (snRNAseq) across all cell types in the DCN and EC of wild-type (WT) and App KI male mice at age 7 months. We found differences in expression of genes associated with inflammatory activation, PI3K-AKT signalling, and neuron support functions between both regions and genotypes. In WT mice, the expression of interferon-response genes in microglia is higher in the DCN than the EC and this enrichment is confirmed by RNA in situ hybridisation, and measurement of inflammatory cytokines by protein array. Our analyses also revealed that multiple glial populations are responsible for establishing this cytokine-enriched niche. Furthermore, homogenates derived from the DCN induced inflammatory gene expression in BV2 microglia. We also assessed the relationship between the DCN microenvironment and Aβ pathology by depleting microglia using a CSF1R inhibitor PLX5622 and saw that, surprisingly, the expression of a subset of inflammatory cytokines was increased while plaque abundance in the DCN was further reduced. Overall, our study revealed the presence of a cytokine-enriched microenvironment unique to the DCN that when modulated, can alter plaque deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Gaunt
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Norliyana Zainolabidin
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Alaric K K Yip
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Jia Min Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore
| | - Aloysius Y T Low
- Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Albert I Chen
- Center for Aging Research, Scintillon Institute, 6868 Nancy Ridge Drive, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
- Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory, Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Toh Hean Ch'ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Clinical Science Building, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore, 308232, Singapore.
- School of Biological Science, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 63755, Singapore.
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3
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You L, Dou Y, Zhang Y, Xiao H, Lv H, Wei GH, Xu D. SDC2 Stabilization by USP14 Promotes Gastric Cancer Progression through Co-option of PDK1. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:3483-3498. [PMID: 37496999 PMCID: PMC10367555 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.84331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignancy and remains the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Oncogenic potential of SDC2 has been implicated in multiple types of cancers, yet its role and underlying molecular mechanisms in GC remain unknown. Here, we found that SDC2 was highly expressed in GC and its upregulation correlated with poor prognosis in GC patients. Depletion of SDC2 significantly suppressed the growth and invasive capability of GC cells, while overexpressing SDC2 exerts opposite effects. Combined bioinformatics and experimental analyses substantiated that overexpression of SDC2 activated the AKT signaling pathway in GC, mechanistically through the interaction between SDC2 and PDK1-PH domain, thereby facilitating PDK1 membrane translocation to promote AKT activation. Moreover, SDC2 could also function as a co-receptor for FGF2 and was profoundly involved in the FGF2-AKT signaling axis in GC. Lastly, we revealed a mechanism on the USP14-mediated stabilization of SDC2 that is likely to contribute to SDC2 upregulation in GC tissues. Furthermore, we showed that IU1, a potent USP14 inhibitor, decreased the abundance of SDC2 in GC cells. Our findings indicate that SDC2 functions as a novel GC oncogene and has potential utility as a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li You
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yi Dou
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Hongwei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering and Molecular Breeding of Hubei province, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Science, Wuhan 430064, China
| | - Hong Lv
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Pathology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gong-Hong Wei
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Dazhi Xu
- Department of Gastric Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer, Shanghai 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Roy T, Boateng ST, Uddin MB, Banang-Mbeumi S, Yadav RK, Bock CR, Folahan JT, Siwe-Noundou X, Walker AL, King JA, Buerger C, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. The PI3K-Akt-mTOR and Associated Signaling Pathways as Molecular Drivers of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Skin Diseases: Update on Therapeutic Strategy Using Natural and Synthetic Compounds. Cells 2023; 12:1671. [PMID: 37371141 PMCID: PMC10297376 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulated phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway has been implicated in various immune-mediated inflammatory and hyperproliferative dermatoses such as acne, atopic dermatitis, alopecia, psoriasis, wounds, and vitiligo, and is associated with poor treatment outcomes. Improved comprehension of the consequences of the dysregulated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in patients with inflammatory dermatoses has resulted in the development of novel therapeutic approaches. Nonetheless, more studies are necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and to create more effective preventive and treatment methods for a wide range of inflammatory skin diseases. Several studies have revealed that certain natural products and synthetic compounds can obstruct the expression/activity of PI3K/Akt/mTOR, underscoring their potential in managing common and persistent skin inflammatory disorders. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the role of the activated PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway and associated components in immune-mediated inflammatory dermatoses and discusses the potential of bioactive natural products, synthetic scaffolds, and biologic agents in their prevention and treatment. However, further research is necessary to validate the regulatory role of this pathway and develop more effective therapies for inflammatory skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Mohammad B. Uddin
- Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, Center for Research on Environmental Diseases, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Division for Research and Innovation, POHOFI Inc., Madison, WI 53744, USA
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA 71203, USA
| | - Rajesh K. Yadav
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Chelsea R. Bock
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Joy T. Folahan
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Xavier Siwe-Noundou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, P.O. Box 218, Pretoria 0208, South Africa;
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
- College of Medicine, Belmont University, 900 Belmont Boulevard, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Claudia Buerger
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Clinic of the Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA;
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA 71209, USA; (T.R.); (S.T.B.); (S.B.-M.); (R.K.Y.); (C.R.B.); (J.T.F.); (A.L.W.)
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, LSU Health Shreveport, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA;
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Liu F, Liang Y, Sun R, Yang W, Liang Z, Gu J, Zhao F, Tang D. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge and Curcuma aromatica Salisb. inhibits liver metastasis of colon cancer by regulating EMT via the CXCL8/CXCR2 axis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Chin Med 2022; 17:91. [PMID: 35922850 PMCID: PMC9351103 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-022-00641-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the most challenging aspects of colon cancer (CC) prognosis and treatment is liver-tropic metastasis. Astragalus mongholicus Bunge-Curcuma aromatica Salisb. (AC) is a typical medication combination for the therapy of many malignancies. Our previous studies found that AC intervention inhibits liver metastasis of colon cancer (LMCC). Nevertheless, the comprehensive anti-metastasis mechanisms of AC have not been uncovered. METHODS In bioinformatics analysis, RNA-seq data of CC and LMCC patients were collected from TCGA and GEO databases, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. The biological processes and signaling pathways involved in DEGs were enriched by GO and KEGG. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of DEGs was established and visualized using the Cytocape software, followed by screening Hub genes in the PPI network using Degree value as the criterion. Subsequently, the expression and survival relevance of Hub gene in COAD patients were verified. In the experimental study, the effects of AC on the inhibition of colon cancer growth and liver metastasis were comprehensively evaluated by cellular and animal models. Finally, based on the results of bioinformatics analysis, the possible mechanisms of AC inhibition of colon cancer EMT and liver metastasis were explored by in vivo and in vitro pharmacological experiments. RESULTS In this study, we obtained 2386 DEGs relevant to LMCC from the COAD (colon adenocarcinoma) and GSE38174 datasets. Results of GO gene function and KEGG signaling pathway enrichment analysis suggested that cellular EMT (Epithelial-mesenchymal transition) biological processes, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways might be closely related to LMCC mechanism. We then screened for CXCL8, the core hub gene with the highest centrality within the PPI network of DEGs, and discovered that CXCL8 expression was negatively correlated with the prognosis of COAD patients. In vitro and in vivo experimental evidence presented that AC significantly inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion ability, and suppressed tumor growth and liver metastasis in colon cancer orthotopic transplantation mice models. Concomitantly, AC significantly reduced CXCL8 expression levels in cell supernatants and serum. Moreover, AC reduced the expression and transcription of genes related to the PI3K/AKT pathway while suppressing the EMT process in colon cancer cells and model mice. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our research predicted the potential targets and pathways of LMCC, and experimentally demonstrated that AC might inhibit the growth and liver metastasis in colon cancer by regulating EMT via the CXCL8/CXCR2 axis and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, which may facilitate the discovery of mechanisms and new therapeutic strategies for LMCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuyan Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruolan Sun
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weicheng Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongqing Liang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Junfei Gu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Fan Zhao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Decai Tang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine and School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Deng ZL, Zhou DZ, Cao SJ, Li Q, Zhang JF, Xie H. Development and Validation of an Inflammatory Response-Related Gene Signature for Predicting the Prognosis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma. Inflammation 2022; 45:1732-1751. [PMID: 35322324 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01657-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a highly dangerous malignant tumor of the digestive tract, and difficult to diagnose, treat, and predict the prognosis. As we all know, tumor and inflammation can affect each other, and thus the inflammatory response in the microenvironment can be used to affect the prognosis. So far, the prognostic value of inflammatory response-related genes in PAAD is still unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the inflammatory response-related genes for predicting the prognosis of PAAD. In this study, the mRNA expression profiles of PAAD patients and the corresponding clinical characteristics data of PAAD patients were downloaded from the public database. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) Cox analysis model was used to identify and construct the prognostic gene signature in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort. The PAAD patients used for verification are from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the overall survival (OS) between the high- and low-risk groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of OS. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was performed to obtain gene ontology (GO) terms and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, and the correlation between gene expression and immune infiltrates was investigated via single sample gene set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA). The GEPIA database was performed to examine prognostic genes in PAAD. LASSO Cox regression analysis was used to construct a model of inflammatory response-related gene signature. Compared with the low-risk group, patients in the high-risk group had significantly lower OS. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis confirmed the signature's predictive capacity. Multivariate Cox analysis showed that risk score is an independent predictor of OS. Functional analysis shows that the immune status between the two risk groups is significantly different, and the cancer-related pathways were abundant in the high-risk group. Moreover, the risk score is significantly related to tumor grade, stage, and immune infiltration types. It was also obtained that the expression level of prognostic genes was significantly correlated with the sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-tumor drugs. In addition, there are significant differences in the expression of PAAD tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues. The novel signature constructed from five inflammatory response-related genes can be used to predict prognosis and affect the immune status of PAAD. In addition, suppressing these genes may be a treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Liang Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ding-Zhong Zhou
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China
| | - Su-Juan Cao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Fang Zhang
- Department of Physical Examination, Beihu Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital (Clinical College) of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, 423000, People's Republic of China.
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Alam SB, Kulka M. Internalization of benzylisoquinoline alkaloids by resting and activated bone marrow-derived mast cells utilizes energy-dependent mechanisms. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:343-356. [PMID: 35076750 PMCID: PMC8897387 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-021-01526-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective and design Drug delivery to inflammatory cells is dependent upon poorly understood, complex endocytic processes. Berberine (BBR), a benzylisoquinoline alkaloid, binds to heparin and targets glycosaminoglycan-rich granules in mast cells (MC), but the mechanism of BBR internalization is unknown. Methods BMMC were treated with various concentrations of BBR for different amounts of time and BBR internalization was assessed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. BMMC were pretreated with endocytic inhibitors or a growth factor (IL-3) prior to BBR exposure to access mechanisms of its internalization. Results After 24 h, 48 ± 0.8% of BMMC internalized BBR and this process was dependent upon temperature and the presence of glucose in the medium. Methanol fixation reduced BBR internalization, suggesting the involvement of an energy-dependent active transport mechanism. To determine mode of internalization, BBR was encapsulated into Lipofectamine TM lipoplexes since these are known to circumvent classical endocytic pathways. Incorporating BBR into lipoplexes decreased BBR internalization by 26% and 10% (10 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml Lipo-BBR respectively) by BMMC. BBR endocytosis was significantly reduced by Latrunculin B (88%), Cytochalasin B (87%), Chloroquine (86.5%) and 3-methyladenine (91%), indicating that actin polymerization, lysosomal pH and lysosomal self-degradation via the autophagy pathway was involved. In contrast, IL-3 treatment significantly enhanced BBR endocytosis (54% by 40 ng/ml IL-3) suggesting that IL-3 signaling pathways play a role in internalization. Conclusions Our data suggests that internalization of BBR by resting and IL-3-activated BMMC utilizes an energy-dependent pathway that is dependent upon glucose metabolism and temperature. Furthermore, this process requires actin polymerization and lysosomal trafficking. These data suggest internalization of benzylisoquinoline compounds is an active and complex process. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00011-021-01526-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Benazir Alam
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, 11421 Saskatchewan Dr NW, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2M9, Canada.
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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8
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Peerlings D, Mimpen M, Damoiseaux J. The IL-2 - IL-2 receptor pathway: Key to understanding multiple sclerosis. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 4:100123. [PMID: 35005590 PMCID: PMC8716671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development, progression, diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), are convoluted processes which remain incompletely understood. Multiple studies demonstrated that the interleukin (IL)-2 – IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) pathway plays a pivotal role within these processes. The most striking functions of the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway are the differential induction of autoimmune responses and tolerance. This paradoxical function of the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway may be an attractive therapeutic target for autoimmune diseases such as MS. However, the exact mechanisms that lead to autoimmunity or tolerance remain to be elucidated. Furthermore, another factor of this pathway, the soluble form of the IL-2R (sIL-2R), further complicates understanding the role of the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway in MS. The challenge is to unravel these mechanisms to prevent, diagnose and recover MS. In this review, first, the current knowledge of MS and the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway are summarized. Second, the key findings of the relation between the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway and MS have been highlighted. Eventually, this review may launch broad interest in the IL-2 – IL-2R pathway propelling further research in autoimmune diseases, including MS. The IL-2 – IL-2R pathway determines the balance between immunity and tolerance. The IL-2 – IL-2R pathway is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis. The role of soluble IL-2R is controversial and requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphne Peerlings
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Max Mimpen
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Damoiseaux
- Central Diagnostic Laboratory, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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9
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Ayyadevara VSSA, Ahmadi A, Roh KH. Targeted Association and Intracellular Delivery of Nanocargoes into Primary T Lymphocytes via Interleukin-2 Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis. Bioconjug Chem 2021; 32:1675-1687. [PMID: 34242003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.1c00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Despite the tremendous progress in immunotherapy regimens using T cells, efforts to modulate the functions of T cells are still significantly hampered by the lack of reliable methods to deliver various cargoes into the T cells. This ongoing challenge originates from the intrinsic resistance of T cells in taking up exogenous materials. Here, we strategically aimed to hijack the natural endocytosis of Interleukin-2 (IL2) by the activated T cells for the targeted association and intracellular delivery of cargoes in varying sizes. First, we carefully characterized the fluctuations in the expression levels of IL2 receptor (IL2R) subunits (CD25, CD122, and CD132) during the murine primary T cell cultures over 12 days. We identified the highest fraction of T cells that would express the high-affinity trimeric IL2R on Day 3. By examining the association and uptake efficiencies of IL2 molecules that are biotinylated via either random lysine-targeting chemical reaction (using NHS-PEG4-Biotin) or site-specific enzymatic modification (using Avitag sequence), we demonstrated that the most efficient delivery of cargo can be achieved by C-terminal conjugation. Upon confirmation of successful delivery of a small model cargo, streptavidin, we employed superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) as bigger model cargoes having core diameters of 50, 100, and 200 nm. We examined the association and intracellular delivery of the IL2-conjugated nanocargoes using flow cytometry, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. While cargoes of all tested sizes were successfully associated with the IL2R-expressing T cells in comparable efficiencies, the uptake efficiencies were inversely proportional to the sizes of the cargoes. Nevertheless, our current definitive report confirms that nanocargoes with a practical maximum size limit around 100-200 nm can be intracellularly delivered into activated primary T cells using IL2R-mediated endocytosis, which opens a new horizon for engineering and manufacturing of various T cell immunotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- V S S Abhinav Ayyadevara
- Department of Biotechnology Science and Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Armin Ahmadi
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
| | - Kyung-Ho Roh
- Department of Biotechnology Science and Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States.,Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, United States
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10
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Barrenäs F, Hansen SG, Law L, Driscoll C, Green RR, Smith E, Chang J, Golez I, Urion T, Peng X, Whitmore L, Newhouse D, Hughes CM, Morrow D, Randall KT, Selseth AN, Ford JC, Gilbride RM, Randall BE, Ainslie E, Oswald K, Shoemaker R, Fast R, Bosche WJ, Axthelm MK, Fukazawa Y, Pavlakis GN, Felber BK, Fourati S, Sekaly RP, Lifson JD, Komorowski J, Kosmider E, Shao D, Song W, Edlefsen PT, Picker LJ, Gale M. Interleukin-15 response signature predicts RhCMV/SIV vaccine efficacy. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009278. [PMID: 34228762 PMCID: PMC8284654 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenge of rhesus macaques (RMs) vaccinated with strain 68–1 Rhesus Cytomegalovirus (RhCMV) vectors expressing SIV proteins (RhCMV/SIV) results in a binary outcome: stringent control and subsequent clearance of highly pathogenic SIV in ~55% of vaccinated RMs with no protection in the remaining 45%. Although previous work indicates that unconventionally restricted, SIV-specific, effector-memory (EM)-biased CD8+ T cell responses are necessary for efficacy, the magnitude of these responses does not predict efficacy, and the basis of protection vs. non-protection in 68–1 RhCMV/SIV vector-vaccinated RMs has not been elucidated. Here, we report that 68–1 RhCMV/SIV vector administration strikingly alters the whole blood transcriptome of vaccinated RMs, with the sustained induction of specific immune-related pathways, including immune cell, toll-like receptor (TLR), inflammasome/cell death, and interleukin-15 (IL-15) signaling, significantly correlating with subsequent vaccine efficacy. Treatment of a separate RM cohort with IL-15 confirmed the central involvement of this cytokine in the protection signature, linking the major innate and adaptive immune gene expression networks that correlate with RhCMV/SIV vaccine efficacy. This change-from-baseline IL-15 response signature was also demonstrated to significantly correlate with vaccine efficacy in an independent validation cohort of vaccinated and challenged RMs. The differential IL-15 gene set response to vaccination strongly correlated with the pre-vaccination activity of this pathway, with reduced baseline expression of IL-15 response genes significantly correlating with higher vaccine-induced induction of IL-15 signaling and subsequent vaccine protection, suggesting that a robust de novo vaccine-induced IL-15 signaling response is needed to program vaccine efficacy. Thus, the RhCMV/SIV vaccine imparts a coordinated and persistent induction of innate and adaptive immune pathways featuring IL-15, a known regulator of CD8+ T cell function, that support the ability of vaccine-elicited unconventionally restricted CD8+ T cells to mediate protection against SIV challenge. SIV insert-expressing vaccine vectors based on strain 68–1 RhCMV elicit robust, highly effector-memory-biased, unconventionally restricted T cell responses that are associated with an unprecedented level of SIV control after challenge (replication arrest leading to clearance) in slightly over half of vaccinated monkeys. Since efficacy among monkeys vaccinated with the effective 68–1 vaccine is not predicted by standard measures of immunogenicity, we used functional genomics analysis of RhCMV/SIV vaccinated monkeys with known challenge outcomes to identify immune correlates of protection. We found that vaccine efficacy significantly correlates with a vaccine-induced response to IL-15 that includes modulation of immune cell, inflammation, TLR signaling, and cell death programming response pathways. These data suggest that RhCMV/SIV efficacy results from a coordinated and sustained vaccine-mediated induction of innate and adaptive immune pathways featuring IL-15, a known regulator of CD8+ effector-memory T cell function, that cooperates with vaccine-elicited CD8+ T cells to mediate efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrik Barrenäs
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Scott G. Hansen
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Lynn Law
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Connor Driscoll
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Richard R. Green
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Elise Smith
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jean Chang
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Inah Golez
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Taryn Urion
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Xinxia Peng
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Bioinformatics Research Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Leanne Whitmore
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Daniel Newhouse
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Colette M. Hughes
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - David Morrow
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kurt T. Randall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Andrea N. Selseth
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Julia C. Ford
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Roxanne M. Gilbride
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Bryan E. Randall
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Emily Ainslie
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Kelli Oswald
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rebecca Shoemaker
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Randy Fast
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - William J. Bosche
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael K. Axthelm
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - Yoshinori Fukazawa
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
| | - George N. Pavlakis
- Human Retrovirus Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Barbara K. Felber
- Human Retrovirus Pathogenesis Section, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Slim Fourati
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rafick-Pierre Sekaly
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey D. Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, SAIC Frederick, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Jan Komorowski
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ewelina Kosmider
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Danica Shao
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Wenjun Song
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Paul T. Edlefsen
- Statistical Center for HIV/AIDS Research and Prevention, Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Louis J. Picker
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute and Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (MG)
| | - Michael Gale
- Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail: (LP); (MG)
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11
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Mercurio L, Albanesi C, Madonna S. Recent Updates on the Involvement of PI3K/AKT/mTOR Molecular Cascade in the Pathogenesis of Hyperproliferative Skin Disorders. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:665647. [PMID: 33996865 PMCID: PMC8119789 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.665647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PhosphoInositide-3 Kinase (PI3K) represents a family of different classes of kinases which control multiple biological processes in mammalian cells, such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. Class IA PI3Ks, the main regulators of proliferative signals, consists of a catalytic subunit (α, β, δ) that binds p85 regulatory subunit and mediates activation of AKT and mammalian Target Of Rapamycin (mTOR) pathways and regulation of downstream effectors. Dysregulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway in skin contributes to several pathological conditions characterized by uncontrolled proliferation, including skin cancers, psoriasis, and atopic dermatitis (AD). Among cutaneous cancers, basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) display PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling hyperactivation, implicated in hyperproliferation, and tumorigenesis, as well as in resistance to apoptosis. Upregulation of mTOR signaling proteins has also been reported in psoriasis, in association with enhanced proliferation, defective keratinocyte differentiation, senescence-like growth arrest, and resistance to apoptosis, accounting for major parts of the overall disease phenotypes. On the contrary, PI3K/AKT/mTOR role in AD is less characterized, even though recent evidence demonstrates the relevant function for mTOR pathway in the regulation of epidermal barrier formation and stratification. In this review, we provide the most recent updates on the role and function of PI3K/AKT/mTOR molecular axis in the pathogenesis of different hyperproliferative skin disorders, and highlights on the current status of preclinical and clinical studies on PI3K-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mercurio
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Albanesi
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Madonna
- Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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12
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Li J, Kaneda MM, Ma J, Li M, Shepard RM, Patel K, Koga T, Sarver A, Furnari F, Xu B, Dhawan S, Ning J, Zhu H, Wu A, You G, Jiang T, Venteicher AS, Rich JN, Glass CK, Varner JA, Chen CC. PI3Kγ inhibition suppresses microglia/TAM accumulation in glioblastoma microenvironment to promote exceptional temozolomide response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2009290118. [PMID: 33846242 PMCID: PMC8072253 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2009290118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Precision medicine in oncology leverages clinical observations of exceptional response. Toward an understanding of the molecular features that define this response, we applied an integrated, multiplatform analysis of RNA profiles derived from clinically annotated glioblastoma samples. This analysis suggested that specimens from exceptional responders are characterized by decreased accumulation of microglia/macrophages in the glioblastoma microenvironment. Glioblastoma-associated microglia/macrophages secreted interleukin 11 (IL11) to activate STAT3-MYC signaling in glioblastoma cells. This signaling induced stem cell states that confer enhanced tumorigenicity and resistance to the standard-of-care chemotherapy, temozolomide (TMZ). Targeting a myeloid cell restricted an isoform of phosphoinositide-3-kinase, phosphoinositide-3-kinase gamma isoform (PI3Kγ), by pharmacologic inhibition or genetic inactivation disrupted this signaling axis by reducing microglia/macrophage-associated IL11 secretion in the tumor microenvironment. Mirroring the clinical outcomes of exceptional responders, PI3Kγ inhibition synergistically enhanced the anti-neoplastic effects of TMZ in orthotopic murine glioblastoma models. Moreover, inhibition or genetic inactivation of PI3Kγ in murine glioblastoma models recapitulated expression profiles observed in clinical specimens isolated from exceptional responders. Our results suggest key contributions from tumor-associated microglia/macrophages in exceptional responses and highlight the translational potential for PI3Kγ inhibition as a glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Megan M Kaneda
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Ryan M Shepard
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Kunal Patel
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Tomoyuki Koga
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Aaron Sarver
- Institute for Health Informatics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Frank Furnari
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Beibei Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Sanjay Dhawan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Jianfang Ning
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - Hua Zhu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Anhua Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Gan You
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
- Department of Molecular Neuropathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | | | - Jeremy N Rich
- Department of Medicine, Division of Regenerative Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Christopher K Glass
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Judith A Varner
- Department of Pathology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92161
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455;
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13
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Gurianov DS, Antonenko SV, Telegeev GD. Colocalization of BCR Protein with Clathrin, Actin, and Cortactin Suggests Its Possible Role in the Regulation of Actin Branching and Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis. CYTOL GENET+ 2021. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452721020055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Chekalin E, Rubanovich A, Tatarinova TV, Kasianov A, Bender N, Chekalina M, Staub K, Koepke N, Rühli F, Bruskin S, Morozova I. Changes in Biological Pathways During 6,000 Years of Civilization in Europe. Mol Biol Evol 2019; 36:127-140. [PMID: 30376122 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The beginning of civilization was a turning point in human evolution. With increasing separation from the natural environment, mankind stimulated new adaptive reactions in response to new environmental factors. In this paper, we describe direct signs of these reactions in the European population during the past 6,000 years. By comparing whole-genome data between Late Neolithic/Bronze Age individuals and modern Europeans, we revealed biological pathways that are significantly differently enriched in nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms in these two groups and which therefore could be shaped by cultural practices during the past six millennia. They include metabolic transformations, immune response, signal transduction, physical activity, sensory perception, reproduction, and cognitive functions. We demonstrated that these processes were influenced by different types of natural selection. We believe that our study opens new perspectives for more detailed investigations about when and how civilization has been modifying human genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny Chekalin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexandr Rubanovich
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Tatarinova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Biology, University of La Verne, La Verne, CA.,A. A. Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Artem Kasianov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,Center for Data-Intensive Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicole Bender
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marina Chekalina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kaspar Staub
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nikola Koepke
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Frank Rühli
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergey Bruskin
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina Morozova
- Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Zhou YD, Hou JG, Yang G, Jiang S, Chen C, Wang Z, Liu YY, Ren S, Li W. Icariin ameliorates cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity in human embryonic kidney 293 cells by suppressing ROS-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 109:2309-2317. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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16
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Liu Y, Ma S, Wang X, Feng Y, Zhang S, Wang S, Zhang X. The role of β2 integrin associated heparin-binding protein release in ARDS. Life Sci 2018; 203:92-98. [PMID: 29679701 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
AIMS PMNs (polymorphonuclear neutrophil) play important roles in early stage of inflammation induced ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). Both HBP (Heparin-Binding Protein) released from active PMNs and β2 integrins on the surface of PMNs are involved in vascular leakage. The role and relationship of HBP and β2 integrins on ARDS still requires study. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established ARDS model using C57BL/6 mice with cecal ligation and puncture and eliminating HBP and β2 integrin with respective antibodies. The mice were also challenged with HBP endotracheal instillation. Histopathology score, lung wet/dry ratio, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid protein, plasma HBP and β2 integrin on PMNs from all groups were measured. β2 integrin and HBP were analyzed after incubated PMNs with streptococcal and pretreat with anti-CD18, anti-HBP, 1-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor. KEY FINDINGS All lung injury indicatrix accompanied with HBP and β2 integrin elevated in CLP group, and HBP and β2 integrin were in correlation with each other and both were in correlation with the severity of lung injury. Endotracheal instillation HBP induced lung injury in CLP mice. Inhibiting both HBP and integrin ameliorated lung injury. HBP release was suppressed by inhibiting integrin and PI3K pathway, while integrin level did not decrease after eliminating HBP. SIGNIFICANCE Both HBP and β2 integrin play important roles in ARDS. HBP released from PMNs is β2 integrin-PI3K signaling pathway dependent process revealing potential novel therapeutic targets for ARDS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Critical Care Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaolin Ma
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebin Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yajing Feng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shouqin Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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17
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Icariin Prevents IL-1 β-Induced Apoptosis in Human Nucleus Pulposus via the PI3K/AKT Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2198323. [PMID: 29259641 PMCID: PMC5702406 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2198323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To explore the effect and possible mechanism of icariin, a prenylated flavonol glycoside derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium sagittatum that was applied to IL-1β pretreated human nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. Methods Human NP cells were isolated from intervertebral discs of patients with scoliosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis. The cells were divided into five groups: A (blank control); B (20 ng/ml IL-1β); C (20 ng/ml IL-1β + 20 μM icariin); D (20 μM icariin + 20 ng/ml IL-1β + 25 μM LY294002); E (20 ng/ml IL-1β + 25 μM LY294002). For each of the five groups, the CCK8, apoptosis rates, ROS rates, and JC-1 rates were determined and an electron micrograph was performed. Different expression levels of apoptosis proteins and proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathway were detected via western blot. Results We found that the damage effects on human nucleus pulposus cells from 20 ng/ml of IL-1β exposure were attenuated by icariin. When the PI3K/AKT pathway was blocked by LY294002, a specific inhibitor of this pathway, the protective effect of icariin was impaired. In summary, icariin might be a protective traditional Chinese medicine, which prevents inflammation-induced degeneration of intervertebral discs partly through the PI3K/AKT pathway.
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