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Zhang G, Fu Y, Li Y, Li Q, Wang S, Shi H. Oral Immunization with Attenuated Salmonella Choleraesuis Expressing the FedF Antigens Protects Mice against the Shiga-Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Challenge. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1726. [PMID: 38136597 PMCID: PMC10741478 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Edema disease (ED) is a severe and lethal infectious ailment in swine, stemming from Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). An efficient, user-friendly, and safe vaccine against ED is urgently required to improve animal welfare and decrease antibiotic consumption. Recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASV) administered orally induce both humoral and mucosal immune responses to the immunizing antigen. Their potential for inducing protective immunity against ED is significant through the delivery of STEC antigens. rSC0016 represents an enhanced recombinant attenuated vaccine vector designed for Salmonella enterica serotype Choleraesuis. It combines sopB mutations with a regulated delay system to strike a well-balanced equilibrium between host safety and immunogenicity. We generated recombinant vaccine strains, namely rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), and assessed their safety and immunogenicity in vivo. The findings demonstrated that the mouse models immunized with rSC0016 (pS-FedF) and rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA) generated substantial IgG antibody responses to FedF and rStx2eA, while also provoking robust mucosal and cellular immune responses against both FedF and rStx2eA. The protective impact of rSC0016 (pS-FedF) against Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli surpassed that of rSC0016 (pS-rStx2eA), with percentages of 83.3%. These findings underscore that FedF has greater suitability for vaccine delivery via recombinant attenuated Salmonella vaccines (RASVs). Overall, this study provides a promising candidate vaccine for infection with STEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yang Fu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yu’an Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Quan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shifeng Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0880, USA;
| | - Huoying Shi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (G.Z.); (Y.F.); (Q.L.)
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University (JIRLAAPS), Yangzhou 225009, China
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Mercado MAB, Li Q, Quick CM, Kim Y, Palmer R, Huang L, Li LX. BHLHE40 drives protective polyfunctional CD4 T cell differentiation in the female reproductive tract against Chlamydia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.02.565369. [PMID: 37961221 PMCID: PMC10635079 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.02.565369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The protein basic helix-loop-helix family member e40 (BHLHE40) is a transcription factor recently emerged as a key regulator of host immunity to infections, autoimmune diseases and cancer. In this study, we investigated the role of Bhlhe40 in protective T cell responses to the intracellular bacterium Chlamydia in the female reproductive tract (FRT). Mice deficient in Bhlhe40 exhibited severe defects in their ability to control Chlamydia muridarum shedding from the FRT. The heightened bacterial burdens in Bhlhe40-/- mice correlated with a marked increase in IL-10-producing T regulatory type 1 (Tr1) cells and decreased polyfunctional CD4 T cells co-producing IFN-γ, IL-17A and GM-CSF. Genetic ablation of IL-10 or functional blockade of IL-10R increased CD4 T cell polyfunctionality and partially rescued the defects in bacterial control in Bhlhe40-/- mice. Using single-cell RNA sequencing coupled with TCR profiling, we detected a significant enrichment of stem-like T cell signatures in Bhlhe40-deficient CD4 T cells, whereas WT CD4 T cells were further down on the differentiation trajectory with distinct effector functions beyond IFN-γ production by Th1 cells. Altogether, we identified Bhlhe40 as a key molecular driver of CD4 T cell differentiation and polyfunctional responses in the FRT against Chlamydia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. B. Mercado
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Charles M. Quick
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Yejin Kim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Rachel Palmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Lu Huang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Lin-Xi Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
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3
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Patankar YR, Sutiwisesak R, Boyce S, Lai R, Lindestam Arlehamn CS, Sette A, Behar SM. Limited recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-infected macrophages by polyclonal CD4 and CD8 T cells from the lungs of infected mice. Mucosal Immunol 2020; 13:140-148. [PMID: 31636345 PMCID: PMC7161428 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0217-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Immune responses following Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection or vaccination are frequently assessed by measuring T-cell recognition of crude Mtb antigens, recombinant proteins, or peptide epitopes. We previously showed that not all Mtb-specific T cells recognize Mtb-infected macrophages. Thus, an important question is what proportion of T cells elicited by Mtb infection recognize Mtb-infected macrophages. We address this question by developing a modified elispot assay using viable Mtb-infected macrophages, a low multiplicity of infection and purified T cells. In C57BL/6 mice, CD4 and CD8 T cells were classically MHC restricted. Comparable frequencies of T cells that recognize Mtb-infected macrophages were determined using interferon-γ elispot and intracellular cytokine staining, and lung CD4 T cells more sensitively recognized Mtb-infected macrophages than lung CD8 T cells. Compared to the relatively high frequencies of T cells specific for antigens such as ESAT-6 and TB10.4, low frequencies of total pulmonary T cells elicited by aerosolized Mtb infection recognize Mtb-infected macrophages. Finally, we demonstrate that BCG vaccination elicits T cells that recognize Mtb-infected macrophages. We propose that the frequency of T cells that recognize infected macrophages could correlate with protective immunity and may be an alternative approach to measuring T-cell responses to Mtb antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yash R. Patankar
- 0000 0001 0742 0364grid.168645.8Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Rujapak Sutiwisesak
- 0000 0001 0742 0364grid.168645.8Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Shayla Boyce
- 0000 0001 0742 0364grid.168645.8Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Rocky Lai
- 0000 0001 0742 0364grid.168645.8Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
| | - Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn
- 0000 0004 0461 3162grid.185006.aDepartment of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- 0000 0004 0461 3162grid.185006.aDepartment of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA ,0000 0001 2107 4242grid.266100.3Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA
| | - Samuel M. Behar
- 0000 0001 0742 0364grid.168645.8Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655 USA
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Whiteside SK, Snook JP, Ma Y, Sonderegger FL, Fisher C, Petersen C, Zachary JF, Round JL, Williams MA, Weis JJ. IL-10 Deficiency Reveals a Role for TLR2-Dependent Bystander Activation of T Cells in Lyme Arthritis. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:1457-1470. [PMID: 29330323 PMCID: PMC5809275 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
T cells predominate the immune responses in the synovial fluid of patients with persistent Lyme arthritis; however, their role in Lyme disease remains poorly defined. Using a murine model of persistent Lyme arthritis, we observed that bystander activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells leads to arthritis-promoting IFN-γ, similar to the inflammatory environment seen in the synovial tissue of patients with posttreatment Lyme disease. TCR transgenic mice containing monoclonal specificity toward non-Borrelia epitopes confirmed that bystander T cell activation was responsible for disease development. The microbial pattern recognition receptor TLR2 was upregulated on T cells following infection, implicating it as marker of bystander T cell activation. In fact, T cell-intrinsic expression of TLR2 contributed to IFN-γ production and arthritis, providing a mechanism for microbial-induced bystander T cell activation during infection. The IL-10-deficient mouse reveals a novel TLR2-intrinsic role for T cells in Lyme arthritis, with potentially broad application to immune pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K Whiteside
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Jeremy P Snook
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Ying Ma
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - F Lynn Sonderegger
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Colleen Fisher
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Charisse Petersen
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - James F Zachary
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802
| | - June L Round
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Matthew A Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
| | - Janis J Weis
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112; and
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Furlong S, Power Coombs MR, Hoskin DW. Thy-1 stimulation of mouse T cells induces a delayed T cell receptor-like signal that results in Ca2+‑independent cytotoxicity. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:5683-5692. [PMID: 28849009 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibody-mediated crosslinking of Thy-1 [also known as cluster of differentiation (CD)90], results in a T cell receptor (TcR)‑like signal; however, the impact of Thy‑1 stimulation in comparison to TcR stimulation on T cell activation and effector function has yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, the outcome of Thy‑1‑ and TcR‑induced stimulation of T cells was investigated in mice, using fragment crystalizable (Fc) receptor‑bound antibodies and costimulatory signals provided by syngeneic lipopolysaccharide‑matured bone marrow‑derived dendritic cells. Compared with TcR signaling, Thy‑1 signaling initiated a less robust proliferative response in T cells, as determined by tritiated‑thymidine incorporation. In addition, enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assays revealed that interleukin‑2 production was reduced, and the expression of CD25 and cyclin D3 was weaker in Thy‑1‑stimulated cells, as determined by western blotting; however, the expression of cyclin‑dependent kinase 6 was similar to that in TcR‑induced T cells. Furthermore, western blotting demonstrated that the phosphorylation of ζ-chain‑associated protein kinase 70 and extracellular signal‑regulated kinase 1/2 was delayed following Thy‑1 stimulation. DNA fragmentation assays revealed that cytotoxic effector function was also slower to develop in Thy‑1‑stimulated T cells, required more time to be effective and was largely Ca2+‑independent; these findings suggested that Fas ligand rather than granule‑associated perforin was involved in T cell effector function. In conclusion, the present results suggested that Thy‑1 signaling may contribute to the regulation of T cell homeostasis and the development of non‑specific T cell‑mediated cytotoxicity. However, further studies are required to elucidate the exact physiological roles of TcR‑like signals that result from Thy‑1 crosslinking and to investigate the molecular mechanisms that are involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Furlong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | | | - David W Hoskin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
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Gupta R, Arkatkar T, Keck J, Koundinya GKL, Castillo K, Hobel S, Chambers JP, Yu JJ, Guentzel MN, Aigner A, Christenson LK, Arulanandam BP. Antigen specific immune response in Chlamydia muridarum genital infection is dependent on murine microRNAs-155 and -182. Oncotarget 2016; 7:64726-64742. [PMID: 27556515 PMCID: PMC5323111 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-chlamydial immunity involves efficient presentation of antigens (Ag) to effector cells resulting in Ag-specific immune responses. There is limited information on inherent underlying mechanisms regulating these events. Previous studies from our laboratory have established that select microRNAs (miRs) function as molecular regulators of immunity in Chlamydia muridarum (Cm) genital infection. In this report, we investigated immune cell type-specific miRs, i.e. miR-155 and -182, and the role in Ag-specific immunity. We observed significant up-regulation of miR-155 in C57BL/6 bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC), and miR-182 in splenic Ag-specific CD4+ T-cells. Using mimics and inhibitors, we determined that miR-155 contributed to BMDC activation following Cm infection. Co-cultures of miR-155 over-expressed in BMDC and miR-182 over-expressed in Ag-specific CD4+ T-cells, or miR-155-/- BMDC with miR-182 inhibitor treated Ag-specific CD4+ T-cells, resulted in IFN-γ production comparable to Ag-specific CD4+ T-cells isolated from Cm infected mice. Additionally, miR-182 was significantly up-regulated in intranasally vaccinated mice protected against Cm infection. In vivo depletion of miR-182 resulted in reduction in Ag-specific IFN-γ and genital pathology in Cm infected mice. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report an interaction of miR-155 (in Cm infected DC) and miR-182 (in CD4+ T-cell) resulting in Ag specific immune responses against genital Cm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishein Gupta
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tanvi Arkatkar
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jonathon Keck
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gopala Krishna Lanka Koundinya
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Castillo
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sabrina Hobel
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, HärtelstraΔe, Leipzig, Germany
| | - James P. Chambers
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jieh-Juen Yu
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M. Neal Guentzel
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, University of Leipzig, HärtelstraΔe, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lane K. Christenson
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Bernard P. Arulanandam
- South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Center of Excellence in Infection Genomics, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Arleevskaya MI, Kravtsova OA, Lemerle J, Renaudineau Y, Tsibulkin AP. How Rheumatoid Arthritis Can Result from Provocation of the Immune System by Microorganisms and Viruses. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1296. [PMID: 27582741 PMCID: PMC4987382 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), similar to development of a majority of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders, is largely due to an inappropriate or inadequate immune response to environmental challenges. Among these challenges, infectious agents are the undisputed leaders. Since the 1870s, an impressive list of microorganisms suspected of provoking RA has formed, and the list is still growing. Although a definite causative link between a specific infectious agent and the disease has not been established, several arguments support such a possibility. First, in the absence of a defined pathogen, the spectrum of triggering agents may include polymicrobial communities or the cumulative effect of several bacterial/viral factors. Second, the range of infectious episodes (i.e., clinical manifestations caused by pathogens) may vary in the process of RA development from preclinical to late-stage disease. Third, infectious agents might not trigger RA in all cases, but trigger it in a certain subset of the cases, or the disease onset may arise from an unfortunate combination of infections along with, for example, psychological stress and/or chronic joint tissue microtrauma. Fourth, genetic differences may have a role in the disease onset. In this review, two aspects of the problem of “microorganisms and RA” are debated. First, is there an acquired immune deficiency and, in turn, susceptibility to infections in RA patients due to the too frequent and too lengthy infections, which at last break the tolerance of self antigens? Or, second, is there a congenital deficiency in tolerance and inflammation control, which may occur even with ordinary infection frequency and duration?
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina I Arleevskaya
- Central Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Kazan State Medical Academy Kazan, Russia
| | - Olga A Kravtsova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Kazan Federal University Kazan, Russia
| | - Julie Lemerle
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CHU Morvan Brest, France
| | - Yves Renaudineau
- Laboratory of Immunology and Immunotherapy, CHU Morvan Brest, France
| | - Anatoly P Tsibulkin
- Central Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Kazan State Medical Academy Kazan, Russia
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Schluns KS, Klonowski KD. Protecting the borders: tissue-resident memory T cells on the front line. Front Immunol 2015; 6:90. [PMID: 25784912 PMCID: PMC4347502 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly S Schluns
- Department of Immunology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center , Houston, TX , USA
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