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Xiong Y, Luan Y, Yuan L, Hong W, Wang B, Zhao H, Zhang B. Aerobic exercise attenuates high-fat diet-induced renal injury through kidney metabolite modulation in mice. Ren Fail 2024; 46:2286330. [PMID: 38390733 PMCID: PMC10896126 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2023.2286330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the preventive effect of aerobic exercise on renal damage caused by obesity. METHODS The mice in the Control (Con) and Control + Exercise (Con + Ex) groups received a standard chow diet for the 21-week duration of the study, while the High-fat diet (HFD) group and High-fat diet + Exercise (HFD + Ex) group were fed an HFD. Mice were acclimated to the laboratory for 1 week, given 12 weeks of being on their respective diets, and then the Con + Ex and HFD + Ex groups were subjected to moderate intensity aerobic treadmill running 45 min/day, 5 days/week for 8 weeks. RESULTS We found that HFD-induced obesity mainly impacts kidney glycerin phospholipids, glycerides, and fatty acyls, and aerobic exercise mainly impacts kidney glycerides, amino acids and organic acids as well as their derivatives. We identified 18 metabolites with significantly altered levels that appear to be involved in aerobic exercise mediated prevention of HFD-induced obesity and renal damage, half of which were amino acids and organic acids and their derivatives. CONCLUSION Aerobic exercise rewires kidney metabolites to reduce high-fat diet-induced obesity and renal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingzhe Xiong
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yisheng Luan
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingfeng Yuan
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Weihao Hong
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hua Zhao
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Division of Sports Science and Physical Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Rizvi QUEH, Guiné RPF, Ahmed N, Sheikh MA, Sharma P, Sheikh I, Yadav AN, Kumar K. Effects of Soaking and Germination Treatments on the Nutritional, Anti-Nutritional, and Bioactive Characteristics of Adzuki Beans ( Vigna angularis L.) and Lima Beans ( Phaseolus lunatus L.). Foods 2024; 13:1422. [PMID: 38731793 PMCID: PMC11083788 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) and adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) are some of the most nutritious underutilized pulses that are significant in being used as basic ingredients for the preparation of various food products. The present study aimed to determine the impact of soaking and germination on nutritional and bioactive components, in vitro protein digestibility, reducing power, metal chelating capacity, antioxidant activity, and anti-nutritional components of lima and adzuki beans. The findings showed that during the germination treatment, the in vitro protein digestibility of lima and adzuki beans increased by 14.75 and 10.98%, respectively. There was an increase in the antioxidant activity of lima beans by 33.48% and adzuki beans by 71.14% after 72 h of germination, respectively. The reducing power assay of lima and adzuki beans indicated an increase of 49.52 and 36.42%, respectively, during germination. Similarly, the flavonoid and metal chelating activity increased in lima and adzuki beans after 72 h of germination. In contrast, the anti-nutrients, such as phytic acid, tannin content, and trypsin inhibitor activity, decreased significantly p < 0.05 after 72 h of germination. These results are encouraging and allow for utilizing the flour obtained from the germinated beans in functional bakery products, which can contribute to eradicating protein deficiency among some population groups. At the same time, promoting soaking and germination of the beans as a way to enhance the nutritional quality and reduce anti-nutrients can contribute to the interest in these underutilized pulses. They could be seen as an additional tool to improve food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurat Ul Eain Hyder Rizvi
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (Q.U.E.H.R.); (N.A.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Raquel P. F. Guiné
- CERNAS Research Centre, Polytechnic University of Viseu, 3504-510 Viseu, Portugal
| | - Naseer Ahmed
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (Q.U.E.H.R.); (N.A.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Mohd Aaqib Sheikh
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (Q.U.E.H.R.); (N.A.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769005, India
| | - Paras Sharma
- Department of Food Technology, Mizoram University, Aizawl 796004, India;
| | - Imran Sheikh
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (I.S.); (A.N.Y.)
| | - Ajar Nath Yadav
- Department of Biotechnology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (I.S.); (A.N.Y.)
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Food Technology, Dr. Khem Singh Gill Akal College of Agriculture, Eternal University, Baru Sahib, Sirmour 173101, India; (Q.U.E.H.R.); (N.A.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Food Technology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Doimukh 791112, India
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Moussa AY, Alanzi A, Luo J, Chung SK, Xu B. Potential anti-obesity effect of saponin metabolites from adzuki beans: A computational approach. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:3612-3627. [PMID: 38726452 PMCID: PMC11077217 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.4032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
In contrast to its widespread traditional and popular culinary use to reduce weight, Vigna angularis (adzuki beans) was not subjected to sufficient scientific scrutiny. Particularly, its saponins whose role was never investigated before to unveil the beans' antidiabetic and anti-obesity effects. Four vital pancreatic and intestinal carbohydrate enzymes were selected to assess the potency of the triterpenoidal saponins of V. angularis to bind and activate these proteins through high-precision molecular modeling and dynamics mechanisms with accurate molecular mechanics Generalized Born Surface Area (MMGBSA) energy calculations; thus, recognizing their anti-obesity potential. Our results showed that adzukisaponin VI and adzukisaponin IV were the best compounds in the α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymatic grooves, respectively. Adzukisaponin VI and angulasaponin C were the best fitting in the N-termini of sucrase-isomaltose (SI) enzyme, and angulasaponin C was the best scoring compound in maltase-glucoamylase C-termini. All of them outperformed the standard drug acarbose. These compounds in their protein complexes were selected to undergo molecular simulations of the drug-bound protein compared to the apo-protein through 100 ns, which confirmed the consistency of binding to the key amino acid residues in the four enzyme pockets with the least propensity of unfolding. Detailed analysis is given of the different polar and hydrophobic binding interactions of docked compounds. While maltase-adzukisaponin VI complex scored the lowest MMGBSA free energy of -67.77 Kcal/mol, α-amylase complex with angulasaponin B revealed the free binding energy of -74.18 Kcal/mol with a dominance of van der Waals energy (ΔEVDW) and the least change from the start to the end of the simulation time. This study will direct researchers to the significance of isolating the pure adzuki saponin components to conduct future in vitro and in vivo experimental works and even clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashaimaa Y. Moussa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of PharmacyAin Shams UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Abdullah Alanzi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of PharmacyKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia
| | - Jinhai Luo
- Department of Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology ProgramBNU‐HKBU United International CollegeZhuhaiGuangdongChina
| | - Sookja Kim Chung
- Medical FacultyMacau University of Science and TechnologyMacauChina
| | - Baojun Xu
- Department of Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology ProgramBNU‐HKBU United International CollegeZhuhaiGuangdongChina
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Kwan SH, Gonzalez de Mejia E. The Potential of the Adzuki Bean ( Vigna angularis) and Its Bioactive Compounds in Managing Type 2 Diabetes and Glucose Metabolism: A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2024; 16:329. [PMID: 38276567 PMCID: PMC10820388 DOI: 10.3390/nu16020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a common noncommunicable disease. In the United States alone, 37 million Americans had diabetes in 2017. The adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), a legume, has been reported to possess antidiabetic benefits. However, the extent and specific mechanisms through which adzuki bean consumption may contribute to T2D prevention and management remain unclear. Therefore, the aim of this narrative review is to analyze current evidence supporting the utilization of adzuki beans in the diet as a strategy for preventing and managing T2D. Animal studies have demonstrated a positive impact of adzuki beans on managing T2D. However, supporting data from humans are limited. Conversely, the potential of adzuki bean consumption in preventing T2D via modulating two T2D risk factors (obesity and dyslipidemia) also lacks conclusive evidence. Animal studies have suggested an inconsistent and even contradictory relationship between adzuki bean consumption and the management of obesity and dyslipidemia, in which both positive and negative relationships are reported. In sum, based on the existing scientific literature, this review found that the effects of adzuki bean consumption on preventing and managing T2D in humans remain undetermined. Consequently, human randomized controlled trials are needed to elucidate the potential benefits of the adzuki bean and its bioactive components in the prevention and management of T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Hang Kwan
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA;
| | - Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA;
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, USA
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5
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Liu S, Song S, Wang S, Cai T, Qin L, Wang X, Zhu G, Wang H, Yang W, Fang C, Wei Y, Zhou F, Yu Y, Lin S, Peng S, Li L. Hypothalamic FTO promotes high-fat diet-induced leptin resistance in mice through increasing CX3CL1 expression. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109512. [PMID: 37907171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Long-term consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) disrupts energy homeostasis and leads to weight gain. The fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene has been consistently identified to be associated with HFD-induced obesity. The hypothalamus is crucial for regulating energy balance, and HFD-induced hypothalamic leptin resistance contributes to obesity. FTO, an N6-methyladenosine (m6A) RNA methylation regulator, may be a key mediator of leptin resistance. However, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to investigate the association between FTO and leptin resistance. After HFD or standard diet (SD) feeding in male mice for 22 weeks, m6A-sequencing and western blotting assays were used to identify target genes and assess protein level, and molecular interaction changes. CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout system was employed to investigate the potential function of FTO in leptin resistance and obesity. Our data showed that chemokine (C-X3-C motif) ligand 1 (CX3CL1) was a direct downstream target of FTO-mediated m6A modification. Furthermore, upregulation of FTO/CX3CL1 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) in the hypothalamus impaired leptin-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling, resulting in leptin resistance and obesity. Compared to wild-type (WT) mice, FTO deficiency in leptin receptor-expressing neurons of the hypothalamus significantly inhibited the upregulation of CX3CL1 and SOCS3, and partially ameliorating leptin resistance under HFD conditions. Our findings reveal that FTO involved in the hypothalamic leptin resistance and provides novel insight into the function of FTO in the contribution to hypothalamic leptin resistance and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Song
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Shuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Tonghui Cai
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, P.R. China
| | - Lian Qin
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Xinzhuang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Guangming Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Chunlu Fang
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Fu Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China; School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China
| | - Shaozhang Lin
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, P.R. China.
| | - Shuang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China; School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.
| | - Liangming Li
- Key Laboratory of Sports Technique, Tactics and Physical Function of General Administration of Sport of China, Scientific Research Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, P.R. China; School of Sport and Health Sciences, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China.
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6
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D DD, Padhi SR, Gore PG, Tripathi K, Katral A, Chandora R, Abhishek GJ, Kondal V, Singh R, Bharadwaj R, Bhatt KC, Rana JC, Riar A. Nutritional Potential of Adzuki Bean Germplasm and Mining Nutri-Dense Accessions through Multivariate Analysis. Foods 2023; 12:4159. [PMID: 38002217 PMCID: PMC10670495 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), known for its rich nutritional composition, holds significant promise in addressing food and nutritional security, particularly for low socioeconomic classes and the predominantly vegetarian and vegan populations worldwide. In this study, we assessed a total of 100 diverse adzuki bean accessions, analyzing essential nutritional compounds using AOAC's official analysis procedures and other widely accepted standard techniques. Our analysis of variance revealed significant genotype variations for all the traits studied. The variability range among different traits was as follows: moisture: 7.5-13.3 g/100 g, ash: 1.8-4.2 g/100 g, protein: 18.0-23.9 g/100 g, starch: 31.0-43.9 g/100 g, total soluble sugar: 3.0-8.2 g/100 g, phytic acid: 0.65-1.43 g/100 g, phenol: 0.01-0.59 g/100 g, antioxidant: 11.4-19.7 mg/100 g GAE. Noteworthy accessions included IC341955 and EC15256, exhibiting very high protein content, while IC341957 and IC341955 showed increased antioxidant activity. To understand intertrait relationships, we computed correlation coefficients between the traits. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the first four principal components contributed to 63.6% of the variation. Further, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identified nutri-dense accessions, such as IC360533, characterized by high ash (>4.2 g/100 g) and protein (>23.4 g/100 g) content and low phytic acid (0.652 g/100 g). These promising compositions provide practical support for the development of high-value food and feed varieties using effective breeding strategies, ultimately contributing to improved global food security.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika D D
- The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Siddhant Ranjan Padhi
- The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Padmavati G Gore
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Kuldeep Tripathi
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ashvinkumar Katral
- The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rahul Chandora
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - G J Abhishek
- The Graduate School, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New Delhi 110012, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Vishal Kondal
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rakesh Singh
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Rakesh Bharadwaj
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Kailash C Bhatt
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resource, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
- Division of Plant Exploration and Germplasm Collection, ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Jai Chand Rana
- The Alliance of Bioversity International & CIAT-India Office, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Amritbir Riar
- Department of International Cooperation, Research Institute of Organic Agriculture FiBL, 5070 Frick, Switzerland
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Siddiqui SA, Azmy Harahap I, Suthar P, Wu YS, Ghosh N, Castro-Muñoz R. A Comprehensive Review of Phytonutrients as a Dietary Therapy for Obesity. Foods 2023; 12:3610. [PMID: 37835263 PMCID: PMC10572887 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a complex medical condition mainly caused by eating habits, genetics, lifestyle, and medicine. The present study deals with traditional diets like the Mediterranean diet, Nordic diet, African Heritage diet, Asian diet, and DASH, as these are considered to be sustainable diets for curing obesity. However, the bioavailability of phytonutrients consumed in the diet may vary, depending on several factors such as digestion and absorption of phytonutrients, interaction with other substances, cooking processes, and individual differences. Hence, several phytochemicals, like polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, terpenoids, etc., have been investigated to assess their efficiencies and safety in the prevention and treatment of obesity. These phytochemicals have anti-obesity effects, mediated via modulation of many pathways, such as decreased lipogenesis, lipid absorption, accelerated lipolysis, energy intake, expenditure, and preadipocyte differentiation and proliferation. Owing to these anti-obesity effects, new food formulations incorporating these phytonutrients were introduced that can be beneficial in reducing the prevalence of obesity and promoting public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology and Sustainability, Technical University of Munich, Essigberg 3, 94315 Straubing, Germany
- German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-von-Klitzing Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany
| | | | - Priyanka Suthar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Dr. Y. S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, Solan 173230, Himachal Pradesh, India;
| | - Yuan Seng Wu
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Subang Jaya 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Nibedita Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Girijananda Chowdhury University, Guwahati 781017, Assam, India;
| | - Roberto Castro-Muñoz
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Toluca, Av. Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, Mexico
- Department of Sanitary Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Gdansk University of Technology, G. Narutowicza St. 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland
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Gao J, Liu M, Liu J, Shi P, Cui H, Zhao S, Zhang X, Tao C. Effect of high-fat diet on the lipid profile of ovarian granulosa cells and female reproduction in mice. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287534. [PMID: 37368884 PMCID: PMC10298767 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, comorbidities of obesity are becoming increasingly frequent. For example, obese women are more susceptible to reproductive diseases; however, the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. The present study aimed to explore the effect of obesity on female reproduction and discuss changes of the lipid profile in ovarian granulosa cells. Fifty female mice were randomly divided into two groups, one group was fed high-fat diet, the other group was fed standard control diet, food and water freely. After 12 weeks of feeding, the average body weight of the high-fat diet mice (19.027g) was significantly higher than that of the standard control diet mice (36.877g) (P < 0.05). The tissue sections were stained with oil red O, and the online software mage Pro plus 6.0 analyzed the staining results, the lipids in the ovaries and endometria were found to be different between the two groups. Liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS) analysis of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) was performed, with a total of 228 different lipids being identified, the abundant of 147 were increased and 81 were decreased in the high-fat diet group. Among them, PI (18:1/20:1) was the most different lipid, and high-fat feeding was 85 times higher than standard control group. Among these different lipids, 44% in phospholipid metabolism, 30% in glycerolipid metabolism, and 30% in fat digestion and absorption. The results of this study laid a theoretical foundation of the effects of diet-induced obesity on female reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchun Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Mingchao Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingge Liu
- College of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Jinling Institute of Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Peihua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Haoliang Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Shunran Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xinbo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
| | - Chenyu Tao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China
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9
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de la Peña I, Afable T, Dahilig-Talan VR, Cruz P. Review of Plant Extracts and Active Components: Mechanisms of Action for the Treatment of Obesity-Induced Cognitive Impairment. Brain Sci 2023; 13:929. [PMID: 37371407 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13060929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been shown to negatively impact cognitive functions, but effective treatments for obesity-induced cognitive impairment are lacking. Natural dietary and plant products, functional foods, and plant-derived compounds have gained attention as potential remedies in part due to the nootropic properties of plants and certain plant-derived agents. This review discusses plant extracts and plant-derived substances that have been shown to ameliorate obesity-induced cognitive impairment in animal models. Mechanistic evaluations of their therapeutic effects are also summarized. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases, resulting in the review of 27 English language articles meeting the inclusion criteria. The nine plants (e.g., Ashwagandha, Adzuki bean, and olive) and 18 plant-derived substances (e.g., curcumin, Huperzine A, and Roxburgh's jewel orchid polysaccharides) included in this review improved obesity-induced cognitive impairment through several mechanisms, including attenuation of neuroinflammation, improvement in both central and peripheral insulin resistance, enhancement of neuroprotection and neurogenesis, and modulation of the synthesis and release of cognition-associated neurotransmitters. Based on these findings, plants and plant-derived substances may hold promise for the prevention and treatment of obesity-induced cognitive impairment. Further research is warranted to explore the clinical potential of these plant-derived treatments and to elucidate their underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ike de la Peña
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | - Timothy Afable
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
| | | | - Philip Cruz
- Herbanext Laboratories, Inc., Negros South Road, Bago City 6101, Philippines
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Kuriya K, Goto S, Kobayashi E, Nishio M, Nakamura M, Umekawa H. Cholesterol-lowering activity of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) polyphenols. Mol Biol Rep 2023:10.1007/s11033-023-08481-7. [PMID: 37160631 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08481-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adzuki beans (ABs; Vigna angularis) were reported to show potential for prevention of cholesterol absorption and lowering of the blood cholesterol level. However, the main active compounds and some cellular effects remain unknown. In this study, we evaluated the potential cholesterol-lowering effects of (+)-catechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (C7G) and (+)-epicatechin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (E7G), identified as abundant polyphenols in ABs. METHODS AND RESULTS To investigate the cholesterol-lowering activity in vitro, cholesterol micelles, bile acids, and Caco-2 cells as an intestinal model were used in the study. C7G and E7G each inhibited micellar solubility in a dose-dependent manner, and their inhibitory activity was as strong as that of (+)-catechin (IC50 values: C7G, 0.23 ± 0.03 mg/ml; E7G, 0.22 ± 0.02 mg/ml; (+)-catechin, 0.26 ± 0.11 mg/ml). The AB polyphenols showed binding activity toward bile acids and changed them into an insoluble form. When Caco-2 cells were treated with C7G or E7G, the amount of incorporated cholesterol was significantly decreased compared with vehicle-treated control cells, and no cytotoxicity was observed under the experimental conditions used. Meanwhile, quantitative real-time PCR revealed that the mRNA level of the cholesterol transporter NPC1L1 remained unchanged in the treated cells. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, the present findings suggest that C7G and E7G are the main active compounds in ABs, and have the ability to inhibit micellar solubility, bind to bile acids, and suppress cholesterol absorption. The present study supports the health benefits of ABs as a medicinal food and the application of AB polyphenols as medicinal supplements to suppress cholesterol elevation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Kuriya
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
| | - Sayaka Goto
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Erina Kobayashi
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishio
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
| | | | - Hayato Umekawa
- Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, 1577 Kurimamachiya, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan
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11
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Zhang Z, Liang Y, Zou L, Xu Y, Li M, Xing B, Zhu M, Hu Y, Ren G, Zhang L, Qin P. Individual or mixing extrusion of Tartary buckwheat and adzuki bean: Effect on quality properties and starch digestibility of instant powder. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1113327. [PMID: 37025611 PMCID: PMC10070833 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1113327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Tartary buckwheat and adzuki bean, which are classified as coarse grain, has attracted increasing attention as potential functional ingredient or food source because of their high levels of bioactive components and various health benefits. Methods This work investigated the effect of two different extrusion modes including individual extrusion and mixing extrusion on the phytochemical compositions, physicochemical properties and in vitro starch digestibility of instant powder which consists mainly of Tartary buckwheat and adzuki bean flour. Results Compared to mixing extrusion, instant powder obtained with individual extrusion retained higher levels of protein, resistant starch, polyphenols, flavonoids and lower gelatinization degree and estimated glycemic index. The α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (35.45%) of the instant powder obtained with individual extrusion was stronger than that obtained with mixing extrusion (26.58%). Lower levels of digestibility (39.65%) and slower digestion rate coefficient (0.25 min-1) were observed in the instant powder obtained with individual extrusion than in mixing extrusion (50.40%, 0.40 min-1) by logarithm-of-slope analysis. Moreover, two extrusion modes had no significant impact on the sensory quality of instant powder. Correlation analysis showed that the flavonoids were significantly correlated with physicochemical properties and starch digestibility of the instant powder. Discussion These findings suggest that the instant powder obtained with individual extrusion could be used as an ideal functional food resource with anti-diabetic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yongqiang Liang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunan Xu
- Seed Administration Station of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Mengzhuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bao Xing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Manli Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yichen Hu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guixing Ren
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Guixing Ren,
| | - Lizhen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Lizhen Zhang,
| | - Peiyou Qin
- Key Laboratory of Quality Evaluation and Nutrition Health of Agro-Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peiyou Qin,
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12
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Huang M, Yu L, Wang X, Wang M, Li W, Tang J, Ling G, Wei X, Wang Y, Wang W, Wu Y, Lu L. Evaluation of the transverse aortic constriction model in ICR and C57BL/6J mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1026884. [DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1026884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) is a frequently used model to investigate pressure overload-induced progressive heart failure (HF); however, there is considerable phenotypic variation among different mouse strains and even sub-strains. Moreover, less is known about the TAC model in ICR mice. Therefore, to determine the suitability of the ICR strain for TAC-induced HF research, we compared the effects of TAC on ICR and C57BL/6J mice at one, two and four weeks post-TAC via echocardiography, organ index, morphology, and histology. At the end of the study, behavior and gene expression patterns were assessed, and overall survival was monitored. Compared to the sham-operated mice, ICR and C57BL/6J mice displayed hypertrophic phenotypes with a significant increase in ventricle wall thickness, heart weight and ratio, and cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes after a 2-week TAC exposure. In addition, ICR mice developed reduced systolic function and severe lung congestion 4 weeks post-TAC, whereas C57BL/6J did not. Besides, ICR mice demonstrated comparable survival, similar gene expression alteration but severer fibrotic remodeling and poor behavioral performance compared to the C57BL/6J mice. Our data demonstrated that ICR was quite sensitive to TAC-induced heart failure and can be an ideal research tool to investigate mechanisms and drug intervention for pressure overload-induced HF.
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NAUREEN ZAKIRA, BONETTI GABRIELE, MEDORI MARIACHIARA, AQUILANTI BARBARA, VELLUTI VALERIA, MATERA GIUSEPPINA, IACONELLI AMERIGO, BERTELLI MATTEO. Foods of the Mediterranean diet: garlic and Mediterranean legumes. JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE AND HYGIENE 2022; 63:E12-E20. [PMID: 36479501 PMCID: PMC9710409 DOI: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2s3.2741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a dietary regime derived from the one followed by the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean region. It is characterized by many healthy constituents, among which are cereals, legumes, fruits, vegetables, olives, and white meat. Many studies suggest that this dietary regime is the key to obtaining a healthy and long life, like that of the Mediterranean peoples. Despite its popularity among health professionals, this diet is still confined to a certain geographical area of the world. Due to globalization and the modern busy lifestyle, this cultural diet is losing ground even in its home region, with more and more people embracing the so-called Western diet. An awareness of health benefits of the individual components of the Mediterranean diet will therefore draw attention from all over the world to this healthy and affordable dietary pattern, which can not only improve the overall health, but also reduce the risk of developing chronic and infectious diseases. In this regard, garlic and Mediterranean legumes present a huge repertoire of phytochemicals having both nutritive and nutraceutical properties, which therefore should be included in our daily dietary routines in moderate proportions. This narrative review aims at summarizing the principal components and health benefits of the Mediterranean diet, in particular of garlic and legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - MARIA CHIARA MEDORI
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- Correspondence: Maria Chiara Medori, MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), 38068, Italy. E-mail:
| | - BARBARA AQUILANTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - VALERIA VELLUTI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - GIUSEPPINA MATERA
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - AMERIGO IACONELLI
- UOSD Medicina Bariatrica, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - MATTEO BERTELLI
- MAGI EUREGIO, Bolzano, Italy
- MAGI’S LAB, Rovereto (TN), Italy
- MAGISNAT, Peachtree Corners (GA), USA
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14
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Desta KT, Yoon H, Shin MJ, Lee S, Wang XH, Choi YM, Yi JY. Variability of Anthocyanin Concentrations, Total Metabolite Contents and Antioxidant Activities in Adzuki Bean Cultivars. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061134. [PMID: 35740028 PMCID: PMC9220110 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, adzuki bean cultivars including Arari, Chilbopat, Geomguseul, and Hongeon were recently cultivated, and the concentrations of seven individual anthocyanins were determined in their seed coats for the first time. Moreover, the variations of total saponin content (TSC), total phenolic content (TPC), 1,1-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) between defatted and undefatted extracts of whole seeds, seed coats, and dehulled seeds of each were analyzed. The anthocyanins were detected only in the black seed-coated cultivars and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside was dominant in both Geomguseul (12.46 mg/g) and Chilbopat (10.88 mg/g) followed by delphinidin-3-O-galactoside. TSC and TPC were in the ranges of 16.20−944.78 mg DE/g and 0.80−57.35 mg GAE/g, respectively, and each decreased in the order of seed coats > whole seeds > dehulled seeds regardless of extract type. The antioxidant activities also showed similar patterns of variation. Geomguseul seed coats outweighed the remaining cultivars in terms of TPC and FRAP activity (p < 0.05). Generally, significant variations of metabolite contents and antioxidant activities were observed between cultivars and across their seed parts (p < 0.05). Thence, black seed-coated adzuki beans could be excellent sources of anthocyanins and antioxidants.
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15
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Oh SM, Song SB, Lee JS, Oh YG, Choi YC, Lee JH, Kwak J. Effect of Microwave Treatment on Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis L.) under Dry State—Analyzing Microstructure, Water Absorption, and Antioxidant Properties. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111653. [PMID: 35681403 PMCID: PMC9180810 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, a microwave was used on adzuki beans (Arari and Geomguseul) without water, in order to investigate their changes in microstructure, water absorption, and antioxidative properties. As the microwave treatment time increased (2450 MHz, 0 to 60 s), the lightness, redness, and yellowness were reduced, and moisture content significantly decreased in both varieties. The microstructure space between the seed coat, cotyledon, and pores within the cotyledon were observed, due to the loss of moisture. Regardless of microwave treatment, the water absorption behavior of the adzuki beans was sigmoidal. However, the water absorption kinetics of Arari increased after microwave treatment, whereas with microwave-treated Geomguseul, the water absorption rate decreased, compared to the control, except for the sample treated for 30 s. During soaking, the water absorption and softening rates in the microwave-treated adzuki bean were twice as fast as the untreated beans. Antioxidant activity, total phenolic compounds, and total flavonoid compounds were greatly improved by microwave treatment. These results indicate that microwave treatment affects the color, hydration, and bioactive compounds, and it can be used as a pretreatment method before processing adzuki beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Min Oh
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Seok-Bo Song
- Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Korea;
| | - Jeom-Sig Lee
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - You-Geun Oh
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Yu-Chan Choi
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jeong-Heui Lee
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
| | - Jieun Kwak
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development of Administration (RDA), Suwon 16613, Korea; (S.-M.O.); (J.-S.L.); (Y.-G.O.); (Y.-C.C.); (J.-H.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-695-0608; Fax: +82-31-695-0609
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16
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Li H, Zou L, Li XY, Wu DT, Liu HY, Li HB, Gan RY. Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis): Chemical compositions, physicochemical properties, health benefits, and food applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2022; 21:2335-2362. [PMID: 35365946 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis), also called red bean, is a legume of Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family. This crop is native to East Asia and is also commercially available in other parts of the world. It is becoming a research focus owing to its distinct nutritional properties (e.g., abundant in polyphenols). The diverse health benefits and multiple utilization of this pulse are associated with its unique composition. However, there is a paucity of reviews focusing on the nutritional properties and potent applications of adzuki beans. This review summarizes the chemical compositions, physicochemical properties, health benefits, processing, and applications of adzuki beans. Suggestions on how to better utilize the adzuki bean are also provided to facilitate its development as a functional grain. Adzuki bean and its components can be further developed into value-added and nutritionally enhanced products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Li
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yan Li
- Department of Neonatology, Longquanyi District of Chengdu Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu National Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing (Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs), Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Li X, Zhang Y, Wang S, Shi C, Wang S, Wang X, Lü X. A review on the potential use of natural products in overweight and obesity. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1990-2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuxuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Caihong Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Shuang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
| | - Xin Lü
- College of Food Science and Engineering Northwest A&F University Yangling China
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18
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Zhao Q, Fu Y, Zhang F, Wang C, Yang X, Bai S, Xue Y, Shen Q. Heat-treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates reduce obesity in mice fed a high-fat diet via remodeling gut microbiota and improving metabolic function. Mol Nutr Food Res 2022; 66:e2100907. [PMID: 35072343 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Heat-treated adzuki bean protein hydrolysates (APH) reduced cholesterol in vitro. However, it is unclear if APH have anti-obesity effects in vivo and, if so, the relationship between the effects and the improvement of gut microbiota composition and metabolic function. METHODS AND RESULTS Four groups of mice were fed either a normal control diet (NCD) or a high-fat diet (HFD) with or without APH for 12 weeks. In HFD-fed mice, APH supplementation significantly alleviated fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and inflammation. In addition, APH supplementation regulated gut microbiota composition, reduced the abundance of harmful bacteria (Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1, Romboutsia, Blautia, Mucispirillum, Bilophila, and Peptococcus), enriched Lactobacillus and SCFA-producing bacteria (Lactobacillaceae, Eisenbergiella, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, Tannerellaceae, Eubacterium_nodatum_group, Acetatifactor, Rikenellaceae, and Odoribacter), and increased fecal SCFAs concentration. Importantly, APH supplementation significantly regulated the levels of serum metabolites, especially Lactobacillus-derived metabolites and tryptophan derivatives, which helped to alleviate obesity and its complications. CONCLUSION APH improved gut microbiota composition and metabolic function in mice and may help to prevent and treat obesity and related complications. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yongxia Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuehao Yang
- Cofco Nutrition & Health Research Institute Co. LTD, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Shuqun Bai
- Cofco Nutrition & Health Research Institute Co. LTD, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, Beijing, 100083, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Beijing, 100083, China.,Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing, Beijing, 100083, China
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Jiang X, Xu Q, Zhang A, Liu Y, Li Z, Tang H, Cao D, Zhang D. Revealing the Hypoglycemic Effects and Mechanism of GABA-Rich Germinated Adzuki Beans on T2DM Mice by Untargeted Serum Metabolomics. Front Nutr 2022; 8:791191. [PMID: 34970582 PMCID: PMC8712313 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.791191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the most common metabolic diseases, and exploring strategies to prevent and treat diabetes has become extremely important. In recent decades the search for new therapeutic strategies for T2DM involving dietary interventions has attracted public attention. We established a diabetic mouse model by feeding mice a high-fat diet combined with injection of low-dose streptozotocin, intending to elucidate the effects and possible mechanisms of different dosages of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-rich germinated adzuki beans on the treatment of diabetes in mice. The mice were treated for 6 weeks either with increasing doses of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans, with non-germinated adzuki beans, with GABA, or with the positive control drug metformin. Then, the blood glucose levels and blood lipid biochemical indicators of all the mice were measured. At the same time, serum differential metabolite interactions were explored by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS-based serum metabolomic analysis. The results showed that body weight and fasting blood glucose levels were significantly reduced (P < 0.05). We also report improved levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, urea, and serum creatinine. We observed a significant improvement in the homeostasis model assessment of the beta cell function and insulin resistance (HOMA-β and HOMA-IR) scores (P < 0.05) in the group of mice treated with the highest dose of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans. In addition, the metabolic profiles of the serum were analyzed, and 31 differential metabolites including amino acids and lipids were obtained. According to the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analysis, this was found to be correlated with nine significantly enriched metabolic pathways involving the up-regulation of levels of L-serine, SM (d18:1/22:1(13Z)), L-histidine, creatine, and 3-indoleacetic acid. Our data suggest that the hypoglycemic effect of GABA-enriched germinated adzuki beans on diabetic mice may be related to improving tryptophan metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, sphingosline metabolism, and the glycine, serine, and threonine metabolic pathways. This study provides a reference for the application of GABA-enriched germinated foods in type 2 diabetes and could provide a cue for searching biomarkers to be adopted for T2DM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujie Jiang
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.,College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Qingpeng Xu
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Aiwu Zhang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yong Liu
- Experimental Equipment Management Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhijiang Li
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Huacheng Tang
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.,College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dongmei Cao
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.,College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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20
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Li R, Xue Z, Li S, Zhou J, Liu J, Zhang M, Panichayupakaranant P, Chen H. Mulberry leaf polysaccharides ameliorate obesity through activation of brown adipose tissue and modulation of the gut microbiota in high-fat diet fed mice. Food Funct 2021; 13:561-573. [PMID: 34951619 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02324a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Improving energy homeostasis and the gut microbiota is a promising strategy to improve obesity and related metabolic disorders. Mulberry leaf is one of the traditional Chinese medicines and functional diets. In this work, a mouse model induced by high-fat diet (HFD) was used to reveal the role of mulberry leaf polysaccharides (MLP). It was found that MLP had a significant effect in limiting body weight gain (reduced by 19.95%, 35.47% and 52.46%, respectively), ameliorating hepatic steatosis and regulating lipid metabolism in HFD induced obese mice (P < 0.05). RT-PCR and western blot analysis suggested that these metabolic improvements were mediated by inducing the development of brown-like adipocytes in inguinal white adipose tissue and enhancing brown adipose tissue activity. Besides, 16S rRNA sequencing results led to the inference that MLP could mitigate the composition and function of the gut microbiota. Together, these findings indicated that MLP possess great potential as a diet supplement or medication for obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Zihan Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Shuqin Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Jingna Zhou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Junyu Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
| | - Min Zhang
- Tianjin Agricultural University, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, P.R. China
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand
| | - Haixia Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China.
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21
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Zhao Q, Hou D, Laraib Y, Xue Y, Shen Q. Comparison of the effects of raw and cooked adzuki bean on glucose/lipid metabolism and liver function in diabetic mice. Cereal Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cche.10456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingyu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing Beijing China
| | - Dianzhi Hou
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing Beijing China
| | - Yousaf Laraib
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing Beijing China
| | - Yong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing Beijing China
| | - Qun Shen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China
- National Engineering Research Center for Fruit and Vegetable Processing Beijing China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Protein and Grain Processing Beijing China
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22
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Koh YC, Lin YC, Lee PS, Lu TJ, Lin KY, Pan MH. A multi-targeting strategy to ameliorate high-fat-diet- and fructose-induced (western diet-induced) non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) with supplementation of a mixture of legume ethanol extracts. Food Funct 2021; 11:7545-7560. [PMID: 32815965 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01405b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
NAFLD (non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) is a multifactorial liver disease related to multiple causes or unhealthy conditions, including obesity and chronic inflammation. The accumulation of excess triglycerides, called steatosis, is known as a hallmark of an imbalance between the rates of hepatic fatty acid uptake/synthesis and oxidation/export. Furthermore, occurrence of NAFLD may lead to a cocktail of disease consequences caused by the altered metabolism of glucose, lipids, and lipoproteins, for instance, insulin resistance, type II diabetes, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), liver fibrosis, and even hepatocarcinogenesis. Due to the complexity of the occurrence of NAFLD, a multi-targeting strategy is highly recommended to effectively address the issue and combat the causal loop. Ethanol extracts of legumes are popular supplements due to their richness and diversity in phytochemicals, especially isoflavones and anthocyanins. Although many of them have been reported to have efficacy in the treatment of different metabolic syndromes and obesity, there have not been many studies on them as a supplemental mixture. In this study, the alleviative effects of selected legume ethanol extracts (CrE) on high-fat-diet- and fructose-induced obesity, liver steatosis, and hyperglycemia are discussed. As revealed by the findings, CrE not only ameliorated obesity in terms of weight gained and enlargement of adipose tissue, but also significantly reduced the incidence of steatosis via phosphorylation of AMPK, resulting in inhibition of the downstream SREBP-1c/FAS pathway and an increase in an indicator of β-oxidation (carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1a, CPT1A). Furthermore, CrE dramatically alleviated inflammatory responses, including both plasma and hepatic TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 levels. CrE also had attenuating effects on hyperglycemia and insulin resistance and significantly reduced the fasting glucose level, fasting insulin level, and plasma leptin, and it exhibited positive effects in the Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). At the molecular level, CrE could activate the PI3K/Akt/Glut2 pathway, which indicated an increase in insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake. Taken together, these results suggest that ethanol extracts of legumes could be potential supplements for metabolic syndromes, and their efficacy and effectiveness might facilitate the multi-targeting strategy required to mitigate NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chun Koh
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Cheng Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Sheng Lee
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Ting-Jang Lu
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Kai-Yi Lin
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Min-Hsiung Pan
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan. and Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan and Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan
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23
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Zhao D, Pan Y, Yu N, Bai Y, Ma R, Mo F, Zuo J, Chen B, Jia Q, Zhang D, Liu J, Jiang G, Gao S. Curcumin improves adipocytes browning and mitochondrial function in 3T3-L1 cells and obese rodent model. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2021; 8:200974. [PMID: 33959308 PMCID: PMC8074937 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.200974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction and adipocyte differentiation promote lipid accumulation in the development of obesity and diabetes. Curcumin is an active ingredient extracted from Curcuma longa that has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency in metabolic disorders. However, the underlying mechanisms of curcumin in adipocytes remain largely unexplored. We studied the effects of curcumin on adipogenic differentiation and mitochondrial oxygen consumption and analysed the possible mechanisms. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were used to assess the effect of curcumin on differentiation of adipocytes. The Mito Stress Test measured by Seahorse XF Analyzer was applied to investigate the effect of curcumin on mitochondrial oxygen consumption in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The effect of curcumin on the morphology of both white and brown adipose tissue (WAT and BAT) was evaluated in a high-fat diet-induced obese mice model. We found that curcumin dose-dependently (10, 20 and 35 µM) induced adipogenic differentiation and the intracellular fat droplet accumulation. Additionally, 10 µM curcumin remarkably enhanced mature adipocyte mitochondrial respiratory function, specifically, accelerating basic mitochondrial respiration, ATP production and uncoupling capacity via the regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) (p < 0.01). Curcumin administration also attenuated the morphological changes in adipose tissues in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Moreover, curcumin markedly increased the mRNA and protein expressions of mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), PPARγ, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and PR domain protein 16 (PRDM16) in vivo and in vitro. Collectively, the results demonstrate that curcumin promotes the adipogenic differentiation of preadipocytes and mitochondrial oxygen consumption in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes by regulating UCP1, PRDM16, PPARγ and PGC-1α expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyun Pan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Na Yu
- Educational Office, Beijing Tian Tan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Bai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Rufeng Ma
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiacheng Zuo
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiangqiang Jia
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaxian Liu
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90007, USA
| | - Guanjian Jiang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, People's Republic of China
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24
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Marengo-Orozco C, Tarazona-Díaz MP, Rodríguez LI. Formulation of a Tropical Beverage by Applying Heat Treatment and High Hydrostatic Pressure. Food Technol Biotechnol 2020; 58:239-248. [PMID: 33281480 PMCID: PMC7709453 DOI: 10.17113/ftb.58.03.20.6459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Research background Passion fruit and carrot have a good antioxidant capacity, however, their consumption is low. There is no information on their use in beverages or in processes such as high hydrostatic pressure, which provides the safety of the drink without affecting its quality. Experimental approach In this study the effect of high hydrostatic pressure (HHP; 500 MPa for 250 s at 25 °C) and thermal processing (at 65 °C for 10 min, 75 °C for 2 min and 95 °C for 1 min) were evaluated in the formulation of a cold-pressed beverage from purple passion fruit, green passion fruit and carrot juice, taking into account antioxidant capacity, vitamin C concentration, sensorial evaluation and microbiological growth at 8 °C. Results and conclusions The formulation containing 67% purple passion fruit, 17% green passion fruit and 17% carrot was the one that stood out with its antioxidant capacity, high vitamin C concentration and sensorial evaluation. The HHP treatment preserved the antioxidant capacity and vitamin C concentration, and resulted in the best scent. Juices stored at 8 °C did not show microbial growth. Novelty and scientific contribution In this study, we used tropical raw materials with good sensory acceptance and antioxidant capacity that could be used in the production of high value-added foods. Additionally, the research demonstrated that HHP is a conservation method that maintains the antioxidant capacity, vitamin C and aroma of the beverage to a greater extent compared to thermal treatments; the latter is of interest for its use in minimally processed products and functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Marengo-Orozco
- Process Engineering and Industrial Systems Research Group, Department of Engineering, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Carrera 4 No 22-61, 110311 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Martha Patricia Tarazona-Díaz
- Process Engineering and Industrial Systems Research Group, Department of Engineering, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Carrera 4 No 22-61, 110311 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Ligia Inés Rodríguez
- Process Engineering and Industrial Systems Research Group, Department of Engineering, Jorge Tadeo Lozano University, Carrera 4 No 22-61, 110311 Bogotá, Colombia
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25
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The association of dietary flavonoids, magnesium and their interactions with the metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults: a prospective cohort study. Br J Nutr 2020; 126:892-902. [PMID: 33256855 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114520004754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim was to systematically analyse the association of the specific flavonoids, Mg and their interactions from different food sources with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a cohort study. A total of 6417 participants aged 20 to 74 years from the Harbin Cohort Study on Diet, Nutrition and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases were included. Multivariate logistic regression analyses, forest plot and restricted cubic spline were performed in the study. After a 5·3-year follow-up, 1283 incident cases of the MetS were reported. Those with a higher total flavonoid intake had a lower risk of the MetS (fourth v. first quartile, relative risk (RR) 0·58; 95 % CI 0·37, 0·93; P = 0·024) and central obesity (RR 0·56; 95 % CI 0·33, 0·95; P = 0·032). Further analysis showed that the specific flavonoids quercetin, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, luteolin, and flavonoids from fruits, potatoes and legumes had the similar associations with risk of the MetS and central obesity (P < 0·05 for all). A higher intake of total flavonoids, quercetin and luteolin combined with a high level of Mg was more strongly associated with a lower risk of the MetS (RR 0·60; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·81 for total; RR 0·61; 95 % CI 0·45, 0·82 for quercetin; RR 0·52; 95 % CI 0·38, 0·71 for luteolin; all Pfor interaction < 0·01). Dose-response effects showed an L-shaped curve between the total intake of five flavonoids and the risk of the MetS. A higher flavonoid intake is associated with a lower risk of the MetS and central obesity; their combination with Mg helps to strengthen their negative association with the MetS.
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26
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Ramalho A, Leblanc N, Fortin MG, Marette A, Tchernof A, Jacques H. Characterization of a Coproduct from the Sea Cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and Its Effects on Visceral Adipocyte Size in Male Wistar Rats. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:E530. [PMID: 33114645 PMCID: PMC7693588 DOI: 10.3390/md18110530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Sea cucumbers have been shown to have potential health benefits and are a rich source of several bioactive compounds, particularly triterpenoid saponins. However, most studies concentrate on the body wall, and little is known about the health effects of the coproducts. The objectives of this study were to determine the nutritional composition of a coproduct from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa and the effects of the dietary consumption of this coproduct on cardiometabolic health in rats. Chemical, biochemical, and nutritional analyses were performed to characterize this coproduct. Forty (40) male Wistar rats were then equally divided into four groups and fed a purified control diet or a diet enriched with 0.5%, 1.5%, or 2.5% (by protein) of coproduct. After 28 days of feeding, the rats were sacrificed. Body and tissue weight, body composition, epididymal adipocyte diameter, plasma and hepatic lipids, glycemia, and insulinemia were measured at the end of the 28-day experiment. Analysis of the coproduct revealed high levels of protein, omega-3 fatty acids, minerals, and saponins. The 1.5% group had significantly smaller epididymal adipocytes vs. the control. We conclude that dietary administration of this sea cucumber coproduct at 1.5% doses decreases visceral adiposity, potentially decreasing the risk of cardiometabolic dysfunction. The coproduct's saponin content may contribute to the observed effects, but the impact of other components cannot be ruled out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Ramalho
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.R.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Marie-Gil Fortin
- Fisheries and Aquaculture Innovation Centre, Merinov, Gaspé, QC G4X 2V6, Canada;
| | - André Marette
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.L.); (A.M.)
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - André Tchernof
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.R.); (A.T.)
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 4G5, Canada
| | - Hélène Jacques
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (A.R.); (A.T.)
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Laval, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (N.L.); (A.M.)
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27
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Choi JM, Lee SI, Cho EJ. Effect of Vigna angularis on High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory and Cognitive Impairments. J Med Food 2020; 23:1155-1162. [PMID: 33021429 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is related to cognitive and memory dysfunction. Much attention was focused on functional foods as a therapeutic strategy to treat cognitive decline by obesity. In the present study, we confirmed the protective effect of Vigna angularis (VA) on cognitive and memory impairment in an obese mouse model. For 16 weeks, mice were fed HFD and VA extract was administered during 4 weeks at 100 and 200 mg/kg. The cognitive abilities of HFD-induced mice were evaluated using behavioral tests. Compared with the control group, VA groups were improved spatial and recognition ability. In T-maze and novel object recognition tests, VA 100 and VA 200 groups showed increased ratios of exploration of a novel object/route compared to a familiar object/route. Moreover, VA 100 and VA 200 groups reached the platform faster than the control group in a Morris water maze test. Therefore, VA extract may protect against HFD-induced cognitive impairment and memory dysfunction. (PNU-IACUC; approval no. PNU-2019-2166).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Myung Choi
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.,Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyungsung University, Busan, Korea
| | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
| | - Eun Ju Cho
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition and Kimchi Research Institute, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea
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28
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Li J, Wu H, Liu Y, Yang L. High fat diet induced obesity model using four strainsof mice: Kunming, C57BL/6, BALB/c and ICR. Exp Anim 2020; 69:326-335. [PMID: 32188837 PMCID: PMC7445062 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
High fat diet (HFD) treated mouse is widely used as experimental animal model for hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia study. Many factors contribute to establish animal model that meant to simulate high fat and glucose diet induced phenotypes. In the present study, four strains of experiment mouse treated by HFD were used to explore the impact of mouse strain on lipid profile, glucose level, and major inflammation cytokines. HFD fed Kunming and ICR mouse gained significantly higher body weight than control which was not shown by C57BL/6 and BALB/c mouse. All four strains fed by HFD has heavier liver and adipose tissue than control ones. Obvious fat droplets and enlarged adipose cells were observed in obese mouse of four strains. Additionally, obese mouse showed typical response to glucose and insulin load in OGTT and ITT. Serum TC, LDL-c, and TC/HDL-c ratio, but not TG, increased in all four strains. Major inflammatory cytokines and insulin level showed little changes in obese mouse as well (P<0.05) The present study could provide basic information for diet induced obesity developed by four commonly used experimental mouse strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglei Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Haishan Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Yuting Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
| | - Liu Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PR China
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29
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Jeepipalli SPK, Du B, Sabitaliyevich UY, Xu B. New insights into potential nutritional effects of dietary saponins in protecting against the development of obesity. Food Chem 2020; 318:126474. [PMID: 32151922 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Excessive energy intake, poor physical exercise and genetics/epigenetics are instrumental for the development of obesity. Because of rapidly emerging evidences related to off-target effects and toxicity of anti-obesity drugs, there is a need to search for more effective and targeted drugs for treatment of obesity. Substantial studies have found the nutritional effects of dietary saponins (bio-detergents) in terms of decreasing the synthesis of lipids, suppressing adipogenesis, inhibiting intestinal absorption of lipids, and promoting fecal excretion of bile acids and triglycerides. Dietary saponin have been approved as potent pancreatic lipase inhibitors, disaccharidase enzyme inhibitors, antagonistic to in vitro lipogenesis and in vivo appetite suppressants, antioxidants, immune-regulators, prevent fatty liver formation, protects epithelial vasculature and regulate body weight. Many dietary saponins, such as sibutramine, morgoside, sessiloside, soysaponin B, and diosgenin, have treatment potential against the development of obesity. Excellent scientific achievements have been developed for a better understanding the mechanism of saponins in preventing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syam P K Jeepipalli
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China
| | - Bin Du
- Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066600, China
| | | | - Baojun Xu
- Food Science and Technology Program, Beijing Normal University-Hong Kong Baptist University United International College, Zhuhai 519087, China.
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30
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Moreno-Valdespino CA, Luna-Vital D, Camacho-Ruiz RM, Mojica L. Bioactive proteins and phytochemicals from legumes: Mechanisms of action preventing obesity and type-2 diabetes. Food Res Int 2019; 130:108905. [PMID: 32156360 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Fabaceae family of plants include a variety of seeds with multiple shapes, sizes, and colors; with a great diversity of bioactive compounds found in legume seeds. Legumes are an excellent source of protein, peptides and phytochemicals which are present in significant amounts. These bioactive compounds have been reported to reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases (NCD), such as obesity and type-2 diabetes. In this narrative review, we discuss the biological potential of bioactive compounds found in legumes and the health benefits associated with their consumption as an alternative approach in the management of NCD. Current extraction methods, characteristics of the bioactive compounds, and different in vitro and in vivo studies evaluating the bioactivity of legume bioactives are reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A Moreno-Valdespino
- Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Diego Luna-Vital
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, United States
| | - Rosa M Camacho-Ruiz
- Biotecnología Industrial, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Luis Mojica
- Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C, 44270 Guadalajara, Mexico.
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31
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Kim C, Kim MB, Hwang JK. Red Bean Extract Inhibits Immobilization-Induced Muscle Atrophy in C57BL/6N Mice. J Med Food 2019; 23:29-36. [PMID: 31532323 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2019.4426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy, which is characterized by a decrease in muscle mass, function, and protein content, can be caused by aging, disease, and physical inactivity. Red bean or Adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) has been consumed as an edible legume. Red bean possesses various functional properties, such as antidiabetes, antiaging, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and hepatoprotective activities. However, little is known about its potential inhibitory effect on muscle atrophy. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of red bean extract (RBE) on muscle atrophy in an immobilized hindlimb muscle of C57BL/6J mice. RBE dose-dependently increased grip strength, exercise endurance, muscle weight, and myofiber area. At the molecular level, RBE significantly reduced the mRNA expression of proteolysis-related genes, such as muscle ring finger and muscle atrophy F-box by preventing the translocation of Forkhead box 3. RBE also activated the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/Akt pathway, subsequently stimulating the mammalian target of rapamycin/70-kDa ribosomal protein S6 kinase/eukaryotic initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 pathway involved in protein synthesis. Overall, red bean could be used as a functional food ingredient or therapeutic agent to inhibit muscle atrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhee Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Mi-Bo Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Kwan Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
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Lin Y, Ren N, Li S, Chen M, Pu P. Novel anti-obesity effect of scutellarein and potential underlying mechanism of actions. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109042. [PMID: 31228804 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Scutellarein (Sc), a natural compound and an active ingredient of Erigeron breviscapus (vant.), shows anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and has the potential for obesity treatment. However, no previous in vivo study has been conducted to assess the role of Sc in obesity. This study investigated the effects of Sc on obesity and associated hyperlipidemia and fatty liver and explores the underlying mechanisms of action in a mouse model. METHODS The study was conducted using a well-established mouse model of obesity induced by high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Anti-obesity effects were assessed using body weight, abdominal circumference, white adipose tissue, adiposity index, and fatty liver index. Lipid lowering and liver protective effects were examined by blood sample analysis. Lipid dystopia deposition was confirmed by liver pathological sections. The signaling pathways of lipid metabolism and cytokine/inflammatory mediator were evaluated using Real-Time PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Central obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, and hepatic steatosis were developed in mice fed with HFD. Administration of Sc at a dose of 50 mg/kg for 16 weeks effectively attenuated all obesity indicators tested. Further studies revealed the antagonistic effect of Sc on hyperlipidemia was a result of the repression of the lipid synthesis pathway, de novo pathway, HMGCR, promoting fatty acid oxidation (PPARα, CPT-1a) and increased cholesterol output (PPARγ-LXRα-ABCA1). The anti-inflammatory effect was attributed to blocking the expression of inflammatory genes, including TNF-α, IL-6, NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that Sc possesses important novel anti-obesity effects accompanying lipid lowering and anti-inflammation-based liver protective effects. These favorable effects are causally associated with the suppression of gene expression of inflammatory cytokines and fine regulation of genes responsible for energy metabolism. Our results advance the understanding of the pharmacological actions of Sc, and provides a role for Sc in effective management of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiguang Lin
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Broadway, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Nina Ren
- Guangdong Online Hospital, Guangdong Second Provincial People's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, PR China
| | - Siyu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Ming Chen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China
| | - Peng Pu
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
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Zhao JG, Wang HY, Wei ZG, Zhang YQ. Therapeutic effects of ethanolic extract from the green cocoon shell of silkworm Bombyx mori on type 2 diabetic mice and its hypoglycaemic mechanism. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2019; 8:407-420. [PMID: 31160974 DOI: 10.1039/c8tx00294k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a clinically complex disease characterized by hyperglycaemia with disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effect of ethanolic extract (EE) from the green cocoon sericin layer of silkworm Bombyx mori on mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its hypoglycaemic mechanisms. The results showed that oral EE for 7 weeks had significant ameliorative effects on all the biochemical parameters studied in vivo. The levels of oral glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance were significantly improved. The hypoglycaemic rate in the 350 mg kg-1 high dosage group was 39.38%. The levels of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in the high dosage EE-treated group were significantly reduced, while activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were obviously increased. The islet area and the number of insulin-positive beta cells increased significantly in the high dose group. Furthermore, expression levels of insulin receptor (IR), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), p-Akt and phospho-glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK3β) involved in insulin signalling were increased. Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) also were activated to regulate glucose metabolism in EE-treated groups. The levels of glucose 6-phosphatase (G6pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) decreased, while the glucokinase (GK) level increased to promote glycolysis. The results clearly indicated that oral EE, especially at a high dose, could improve the glucose metabolism of T2DM by reducing inflammatory reactions, enhancing the antioxidant capacity and insulin sensitivity, and regulating the balance between glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, which means that EE has potential ameliorative effects on T2DM mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ge Zhao
- Silk Biotechnology Laboratory , School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , China .
| | - Hai-Yan Wang
- Silk Biotechnology Laboratory , School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , China .
| | - Zheng-Guo Wei
- Silk Biotechnology Laboratory , School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , China .
| | - Yu-Qing Zhang
- Silk Biotechnology Laboratory , School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences , Soochow University , China .
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Kita-Tomihara T, Sato S, Yamasaki S, Ueno Y, Kimura G, Ketema RM, Kawahara T, Kurasaki M, Saito T. Polyphenol-enriched azuki bean ( Vina angularis) extract reduces the oxidative stress and prevents DNA oxidation in the hearts of streptozotocin-induced early diabetic rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2019; 70:845-855. [PMID: 30775937 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2019.1576598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
We examined the changes in the heart of rats at the early stages of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes, and whether azuki bean extract (ABE) could influence these changes. The experimental diabetic rats received 0 or 40 mg/kg of ABE orally for 4 weeks, whereas the control group rats received distilled water. 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and expression of proteins associated with peroxisomal FA β-oxidation as well as oxidative stress markers were examined. The levels of peroxisomal ACOX1 and catalase of the diabetic groups were significantly higher than those in the control group. The levels of p62, phosphorylated-p62 (p-p62) and HO-1 in the STZ group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the levels of p-p62, HO-1, and 8-OHdG were significantly lower by ABE administration. The STZ-induced early diabetes increases the levels of proteins related to peroxisomal FA β-oxidation and oxidative stress markers in hearts. ABE protects diabetic hearts from oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shin Sato
- Department of Nutrition, Aomori University of Health and Welfare , Aomori , Japan
| | - Shojiro Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Yukako Ueno
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Goh Kimura
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Rahel M Ketema
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Tae Kawahara
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University , Osaka , Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University , Sapporo , Japan
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Kasprzak K, Wojtunik-Kulesza K, Oniszczuk T, Kuboń M, Oniszczuk A. Secondary Metabolites, Dietary Fiber and Conjugated Fatty Acids as Functional Food Ingredients against Overweight and Obesity. Nat Prod Commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1801300836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a common serious health problem leading to many serious health disorders. This phenomenon is defined as the over-storage of lipids in adipose tissue that occurs when there is an imbalance between the energy intake and energy used. During obesity, many metabolic alterations occur that can damage several organs, such as vascular or skeletal muscle resulting in the dysfunction of these tissues. In this review, we will discuss molecular genetics and causes of obesity, some of the disorders related to human obesity as well as anti-obesity tool. An interesting solution to the obesity problem is natural substances, revealing anti-obesity activity, as well as functional food enriched with aforementioned substances. Functional foods are products exhibiting a potentially positive effect on health beyond basic nutrition. They contain well-known biologically active natural compounds, which promote optimal health and reduce the risk of many diseases, including obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Kasprzak
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Tomasz Oniszczuk
- Department of Food Process Engineering, Lublin University of Life Sciences, 44 Doświadczalna Street, 20-236 Lublin, Poland
| | - Maciej Kuboń
- Department of Agricultural Engineering and Informatics, Faculty of Production Engineering and Energetics, University of Agriculture in Krakow, ul. Balicka 116B 30-149, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Oniszczuk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Chodźki 4a, 20-093 Lublin, Poland
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