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Fu W, Shentu C, Chen D, Qiu J, Zong C, Yu H, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Liu X, Xu T. Network pharmacology combined with affinity ultrafiltration to elucidate the potential compounds of Shaoyao Gancao Fuzi Decoction for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118268. [PMID: 38677569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shaoyao Gancao Fuzi Decoction (SGFD), has been employed for thousands of years in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with remarkable clinical efficacy. However, the material basis underlying the effectiveness of SGFD still remains unclear. AIM OF THE REVIEW This study aims to elucidate the material basis of SGFD through the application of network pharmacology and biological affinity ultrafiltration. RESULTS UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS was employed to characterize the components in SGFD, the identified 145 chemical components were mainly categorized into alkaloids, flavonoids, triterpenoids, and monoterpenoids according to the structures. Network pharmacology method was utilized to identify potential targets and signaling pathways of SGFD in the RA treatment, and the anti-inflammatory and anti-RA effects of SGFD were validated through in vivo and in vitro experiments. Moreover, as the significant node in the pharmacology network, TNF-α, a classical therapeutic target in RA, was subsequent employed to screen the interacting compounds in SGFD via affinity ultrafiltration screening method, 6 active molecules (i.e.,glycyrrhizic acid, paeoniflorin, formononetin, isoliquiritigenin, benzoyl mesaconitine, and glycyrrhetinic acid) were exhibited significant interactions. Finally, the significant anti-inflammatory and anti-TNF-α effects of these compounds were validated at the cellular level. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, this study comprehensively elucidates the pharmacodynamic material basis of SGFD, offering a practical reference model for the systematic investigation of traditional Chinese medicine formulas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Fu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Chengyu Shentu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Junjie Qiu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 366, Xingke Road, Lingxi Town, Cangnan County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325899, China
| | - Chuhong Zong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Hengyuan Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yiwei Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China
| | - Yong Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 366, Xingke Road, Lingxi Town, Cangnan County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325899, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 366, Xingke Road, Lingxi Town, Cangnan County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325899, China.
| | - Tengfei Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310058, China; Cangnan County Qiushi Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 366, Xingke Road, Lingxi Town, Cangnan County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, 325899, China.
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Wang Z, Chen R, Chen J, Su L. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid alleviates radiation-induced skin injury by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Biol Chem 2024; 0:hsz-2023-0200. [PMID: 38598859 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2023-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Radiation-induced skin injury is a common side effect of radiotherapy, but there are few therapeutic drugs available for prevention or treatment. In this study, we demonstrate that 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA), a bioactive component derived from Glycyrrhiza glabra, substantially reduces the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibits apoptosis in HaCaT cells after ionizing radiation (IR), thereby mitigating radiation-induced skin injury. Mechanistically, 18β-GA promotes the nuclear import of Nrf2, leading to activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway in response to IR. Importantly, Nrf2 silencing increases cell apoptosis and reverse the protective effect of 18β-GA on radiation-induced skin injury. Furthermore, 18β-GA preserves skin tissue structure after irradiation, inhibits inflammatory cell infiltration, and alleviates radiation dermatitis. In conclusion, our results suggest that 18β-GA reduces intracellular ROS production and apoptosis by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway, leading to amelioration of radiation dermatitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Wang
- Central Laboratory, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ruiqing Chen
- Central Laboratory, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Junying Chen
- Central Laboratory, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Li Su
- Key Laboratory of Radiation Biology of Fujian Higher Education Institutions, 117888 The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, Cancer Center, 117888 First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University , No.20 Chazhong Road, Taijiang District, Fuzhou 350005, China
- Department of Radiotherapy, National Regional Medical Center, 117888 Binhai Campus of the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University , Fuzhou 350005, China
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Gu H, Wang X, Lu M, Wang Y, Ren K, Zhang Y, Liu W, Hu G, Zeng W, Xia Y. Interferon-Alpha Induces Psoriatic Inflammation in Mice by Phosphorylating FOXO3. J Interferon Cytokine Res 2024. [PMID: 38563809 DOI: 10.1089/jir.2023.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease characterized by epidermal thickening and inflammatory cell infiltration. Excessive proliferation of keratinocytes and resistance to apoptosis lead to thickening of the epidermis. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are involved in the occurrence of psoriasis mainly by secreting interferon-alpha (IFN-α). IFN-α is a glycoprotein with antiviral, antitumor, and immunomodulatory effects, but its role in psoriasis remains unclear. In this investigation, a mild psoriatic phenotype was observed in mice upon topical application of IFN-α cream, and the inflammation was exacerbated when combined with imiquimod (IMQ). Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that IFN-α induces psoriatic inflammation in mice by stimulating phosphorylation of forkhead box O3, consistent with the involvement of this protein in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Our results suggested that topical IFN-α caused psoriatic inflammation and that the psoriatic inflammation was exacerbated by the combination of IFN-α and IMQ, possibly due to the dysfunction of forkhead box O3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanjiang Gu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei Lu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yaqi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaixuan Ren
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yitian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guanglei Hu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weihui Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Khawaja G, El-Orfali Y. Silibinin's Effects against Methotrexate-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Rat Model. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:431. [PMID: 38675395 PMCID: PMC11054686 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is the first drug of choice to treat several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis. However, its administration is accompanied by severe side effects, most commonly hepatotoxicity. Hence, alternative therapies with a lower toxicity and fewer side effects are needed. This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective effects of silibinin (SIL, natural agent) against MTX-induced hepatotoxicity in an adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat model. Arthritic rats were treated with SIL (100 mg/kg) and/or methotrexate (2 mg/kg). Non-arthritic rats, arthritic untreated rats, and arthritic rats who received the vehicle were followed in parallel. SIL alleviated the systemic consequences of arthritis by restoring lost weight, decreasing the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and ameliorating joint damage, which was evident both micro- and macroscopically. Additionally, SIL prevented the histopathological alterations in the liver and significantly reduced the liver damage caused by MTX and AIA, as shown by a decrease in the markers of liver damage (ALT and AST). Furthermore, SIL relieved the oxidative stress induced by AIA and MTX in liver tissue by decreasing the lipid peroxidation (MDA) levels and enhancing the antioxidant defense system (GSH levels; catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities). In conclusion, our results suggest that SIL is a potent antioxidant and hepatoprotective agent in arthritic rats. It markedly attenuated the progression and severity of the arthritic disease and eased the oxidative stress in liver tissue by improving the pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada Khawaja
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon;
| | - Youmna El-Orfali
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Beirut Arab University, Beirut 11-5020, Lebanon;
- Department of Experimental Pathology, Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
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Chen B, Wang F, Zhang Y, Liu F. PTEN-mediated FOXO signaling affects autophagy, migration and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes. Tissue Cell 2024; 86:102278. [PMID: 38029456 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, progressive, systemic autoimmune disease. Among them, abnormal proliferation, migration and vascularization of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are the main pathological basis of persistent synovitis and bone destruction in RA. In the current study, we attempted to find effective molecular mechanisms for the treatment of RA by investigating RA-FLS. Firstly, the study was conducted to identify the potential target gene PTEN and its related signaling pathway through bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, the target gene PTEN overexpression was regulated by cell transfection. The expression of FOXO signaling factors and autophagy-related proteins were detected by western blotting assay. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8 and EdU assays. Inflammation level was detected by ELISA. Cell migration and invasion were detected using wound healing assay and transwell chamber assay, respectively. Cell apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. The results showed that overexpression of PTEN activated FOXO1 signaling in RA-FLS, and regulated autophagy, proliferation, invasion, migration, and the levels of pro-inflammatory factors in the disease. In conclusion, PTEN might provide an effective therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis by mediating the FOXO1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojie Chen
- Department of joint surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Fuqiang Wang
- Department of joint surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Yun Zhang
- Department of joint surgery, The Affiliated Ganzhou Hospital of Nanchang University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, PR China.
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Yang D, Cheng X, Fan M, Xie D, Liu Z, Zheng F, Dai Y, Pi Z, Yue H. Regulation of polysaccharide in Wu-tou decoction on intestinal microflora and pharmacokinetics of small molecular compounds in AIA rats. Chin Med 2024; 19:9. [PMID: 38218825 PMCID: PMC10787407 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-024-00878-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Wu-tou decoction (WTD), a traditional Chinese medicine prescription, is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It works by controlling intestinal flora and its metabolites, which in turn modulates the inflammatory response and intestinal barrier function. Small molecular compounds (SM) and polysaccharides (PS) were the primary constituents of WTD extract. In this work, a model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats was established and treated with WTD, SM, and PS, respectively. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was used to examine the regulatory impact of the various groups on the disturbance of the gut flora induced by RA. Further, since PS cannot be absorbed into the blood, the influence of PS on the absorption and metabolism of SM was studied by examining their pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of 23 active components in SM by UPLC-MS/MS. WTD was found to be more effective than PS and SM in alleviating arthritis in AIA rats, which may be related to changes in gut flora. The PK properties of 13 active compounds were altered after PS intervene. Based on the findings, PS may be able to manage the disruption of intestinal microbiota, enhance the intestinal environment of model animals, and hence influence SM absorption and metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Yang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xiaoxu Cheng
- Jiangzhong Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd., Nanchang, 330000, China
| | - Meiling Fan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Dong Xie
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- National Center of Mass Spectrometry in Changchun and Jilin Provincal Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
| | - Fei Zheng
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Yulin Dai
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Zifeng Pi
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China.
| | - Hao Yue
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035 Boshuo Rd, Nanguan District, Changchun, 130117, China.
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Zhao T, Yu Z. Modified Gexia-Zhuyu Tang inhibits gastric cancer progression by restoring gut microbiota and regulating pyroptosis. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:21. [PMID: 38195483 PMCID: PMC10775600 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03215-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gexia-Zhuyu Tang (GZT), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used to treat a variety of diseases. However, its roles in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of modified GZT in GC. METHODS The effects of modified GZT on GC were investigated by constructing mouse xenograft models with MFC cell line. The fecal samples from low-dose, high-dose, and without modified GZT treatment groups were collected for the 16S rRNA gene sequencing and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT). Histopathological alterations of mice were evaluated using the hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis with Ki67 and GSDMD was performed to measure tissue cell proliferation and pyroptosis, respectively. Proteins associated with pyroptosis, invasion, and metastasis were detected by Western blotting. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess inflammation-related factors levels. RESULTS Modified GZT inhibited GC tumor growth and reduced metastasis and invasion-related proteins expression levels, including CD147, VEGF, and MMP-9. Furthermore, it notably promoted caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis, as evidenced by a dose-dependent increase in TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-18, and LDH levels, along with elevated protein expression of NLRP3, ASC, and caspase-1. Additionally, modified GZT increased species abundance and diversity of the intestinal flora. FMT assay identified that modified GZT inhibited GC tumor progression through regulation of intestinal flora. CONCLUSIONS Modified GZT treatment may promote pyroptosis by modulating gut microbiota in GC. This study identifies a new potential approach for the GC clinical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 800, Dongchuan Road, Shanghai City, 200240, China
| | - Zhijian Yu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University,Third Level Research Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutics, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Preparation Technology, No. 1023-1063, Shatai South Road, Guangzhou City, 510515, Guangdong Province, China.
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Mohite R, Doshi G. A Review of Proposed Mechanisms in Rheumatoid Arthritis and Therapeutic Strategies for the Disease. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:291-301. [PMID: 37861027 DOI: 10.2174/0118715303250834230923234802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterized by synovial edema, inflammation, bone and cartilage loss, and joint degradation. Patients experience swelling, stiffness, pain, limited joint movement, and decreased mobility as the condition worsens. RA treatment regimens often come with various side effects, including an increased risk of developing cancer and organ failure, potentially leading to mortality. However, researchers have proposed mechanistic hypotheses to explain the underlying causes of synovitis and joint damage in RA patients. This review article focuses on the role of synoviocytes and synoviocytes resembling fibroblasts in the RA synovium. Additionally, it explores the involvement of epigenetic regulatory systems, such as microRNA pathways, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC1-α), and protein phosphatase 1A (PPM1A)/high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) regulators. These mechanisms are believed to modulate the function of receptors, cytokines, and growth factors associated with RA. The review article includes data from preclinical and clinical trials that provide insights into potential treatment options for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Mohite
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Doshi
- Department of Pharmacology, SVKM's Dr. Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, V.M. Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
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Qu P, Wang H, Wang W, Du S, Peng Z, Hu Q, Tang X. Efficacy and safety of Duhuo-Jisheng decoction in rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 randomized controlled trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35513. [PMID: 37933004 PMCID: PMC10627613 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duhuo-Jisheng decoction (DJD) is a Chinese herb formula. Previous studies have reported that the clinical symptoms and laboratory indicators of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients could be improved by DJD. However, the existing evidence was not robust enough and controversial. METHODS Randomized controlled trials of DJD for RA were retrieved from Chinese and English databases from their inception to April 16, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed by Stata 17 software. We used subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and sensitivity analysis to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. The subgroup analysis and meta-regression were conducted from 6 aspects, including age, course of disease, course of treatment, interventions used in the experimental or control group, and random sequence generation. Galbraith plot was used to find studies with possible heterogeneity. Publication bias was assessed by Egger's test and funnel plots when the number of relevant studies was greater than or equal to 10. RESULTS Forty-two studies were included, involving 3635 patients and 19 outcome indicators. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the routine disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (rDMARDs), DJD could better improve the level of laboratory indicators, main symptoms and signs, and questionnaire scores of RA patients. The laboratory indicators included rheumatoid factor, T lymphocyte subpopulation (including CD4+, CD8+, and CD4+/CD8+), and inflammatory biomarkers (including erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin 6, interleukin 1β, and interleukin 1). The main symptoms and signs included the duration of morning stiffness, the number of joint tenderness, the number of swollen joints, and the grip strength of both hands. The questionnaire included visual analogue scale, health assessment questionnaire, and disease activity score in 28 joints. In addition, the adverse events of DJD treatment were significantly lower than those of rDMARDs. However, the results of a few subgroup analyses differed from the overall results. Furthermore, the publication bias assessment showed that, out of 11 evaluated results, 4 had publication bias. CONCLUSION DJD could be a satisfactory complementary and alternative therapy for RA. However, due to a small number of subgroup analysis results being different from the overall results, it should be verified by further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengda Qu
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Haiyang Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Shiyu Du
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaorong Peng
- First Clinical Medical College, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Qian Hu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaohu Tang
- Department of Rheumatology, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, China
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10
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Sun C, Peng S, Lv Z, Guo T, Zhang L. Research of STEAP3 interaction with Rab7A and RACK1 to modulate the MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling in Osteoarthritis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 124:111034. [PMID: 37820423 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degradation and inflammation. The molecular mechanisms underlying OA progression remain incompletely understood. In this study, we investigated the role of STEAP3 (Six Transmembrane Epithelial Antigen of the Prostate 3) in the development of OA. Our results demonstrated that STEAP3 was upregulated in OA cartilage tissues and contributes to the progression of the disease. To elucidate the mechanism, we employed transcriptomic and interaction proteomics analysis, and identified dysregulated genes and pathways associated with STEAP3 overexpression. Specifically, we found that STEAP3 interacted with Rab7A, a protein involved in intracellular trafficking and autophagy, and suppressed its activity. In addition, STEAP3 interacted with activated C kinase 1 (RACK1) and enhanced its activity. Furthermore, our data indicated that the suppression of Rab7A activity by STEAP3 promoted the activation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and the promoting effects of RACK1 by STEAP3, both of which in turn activated the MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. In conclusion, our findings highlighted the role of STEAP3 in promoting OA progression. By inhibiting Rab7A activity and promoting RACK1 activity, STEAP3 enhanced inflammation through the activation of RTKs and subsequent activation of the MAPK and JAK/STAT signaling pathways. Targeting STEAP3 may provide a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of OA by modulating these interconnected pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Song Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongyang Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ting Guo
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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11
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Tong Y, Li X, Deng Q, Shi J, Feng Y, Bai L. Advances of the small molecule drugs regulating fibroblast-like synovial proliferation for rheumatoid arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1230293. [PMID: 37547337 PMCID: PMC10400780 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1230293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a type of chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disease. In the pathological process of RA, the alteration of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) and its related factors is the main influence in the clinic and fundamental research. In RA, FLS exhibits a uniquely aggressive phenotype, leading to synovial hyperplasia, destruction of the cartilage and bone, and a pro-inflammatory environment in the synovial tissue for perpetuation and progression. Evidently, it is a highly promising way to target the pathological function of FLS for new anti-RA drugs. Based on this, we summed up the pathological mechanism of RA-FLS and reviewed the recent progress of small molecule drugs, including the synthetic small molecule compounds and natural products targeting RA-FLS. In the end, there were some views for further action. Compared with MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, the JAK/STAT signaling pathway has great potential for research as targets. A small number of synthetic small molecule compounds have entered the clinic to treat RA and are often used in combination with other drugs. Meanwhile, most natural products are currently in the experimental stage, not the clinical trial stage, such as triptolide. There is an urgent need to unremittingly develop new agents for RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitong Tong
- Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qichuan Deng
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianyou Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yibin Feng
- School of Chinese Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lan Bai
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Yang Y, Nan Y, Du YH, Huang SC, Lu DD, Zhang JF, Li X, Chen Y, Zhang L, Yuan L. 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid promotes gastric cancer cell autophagy and inhibits proliferation by regulating miR-328-3p/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. World J Gastroenterol 2023; 29:4317-4333. [PMID: 37545635 PMCID: PMC10401664 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v29.i27.4317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide, and its prevention and treatment methods have garnered much attention. As the active ingredient of licorice, 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GRA) has a variety of pharmacological effects. The aim of this study was to explore the effective target of 18β-GRA in the treatment of GC, in order to provide effective ideas for the clinical prevention and treatment of GC.
AIM To investigate the mechanism of 18β-GRA in inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting autophagy flux in GC cells.
METHODS Whole transcriptomic analyses were used to analyze and screen differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in GC cells after 18β-GRA intervention. Lentivirus-transfected GC cells and the Cell Counting Kit-8 were used to detect cell proliferation ability, cell colony formation ability was detected by the clone formation assay, and flow cytometry was used to detect the cell cycle and apoptosis. A nude mouse transplantation tumor model of GC cells was constructed to verify the effect of miR-328-3p overexpression on the tumorigenicity of GC cells. Tumor tissue morphology was observed by hematoxylin and eosin staining, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. TransmiR, STRING, and miRWalk databases were used to predict the relationship between miR-328-3p and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)-related information. Expression of STAT3 mRNA and miR-328-3p was detected by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and the expression levels of STAT3, phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3), and LC3 were detected by western blot analysis. The targeted relationship between miR-328-3p and STAT3 was detected using the dual-luciferase reporter gene system. AGS cells were infected with monomeric red fluorescent protein-green fluorescent protein-LC3 adenovirus double label. LC3 was labeled and autophagy flow was observed under a confocal laser microscope.
RESULTS The expression of miR-328-3p was significantly upregulated after 18β-GRA intervention in AGS cells (P = 4.51E-06). Overexpression of miR-328-3p inhibited GC cell proliferation and colony formation ability, arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase, promoted cell apoptosis, and inhibited the growth of subcutaneous tumors in BALB/c nude mice (P < 0.01). No obvious necrosis was observed in the tumor tissue in the negative control group (no drug intervention or lentivirus transfection) and vector group (the blank vector for lentivirus transfection), and more cells were loose and necrotic in the miR-328-3p group. Bioinformatics tools predicted that miR-328-3p has a targeting relationship with STAT3, and STAT3 was closely related to autophagy markers such as p62. After overexpressing miR-328-3p, the expression level of STAT3 mRNA was significantly decreased (P < 0.01) and p-STAT3 was downregulated (P < 0.05). The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay showed that the luciferase activity of miR-328-3p and STAT3 3’ untranslated regions of the wild-type reporter vector group was significantly decreased (P < 0.001). Overexpressed miR-328-3p combined with bafilomycin A1 (Baf A1) was used to detect the expression of LC3 II. Compared with the vector group, the expression level of LC3 II in the overexpressed miR-328-3p group was downregulated (P < 0.05), and compared with the Baf A1 group, the expression level of LC3 II in the overexpressed miR-328-3p + Baf A1 group was upregulated (P < 0.01). The expression of LC3 II was detected after intervention of 18β-GRA in GC cells, and the results were consistent with the results of miR-328-3p overexpression (P < 0.05). Additional studies showed that 18β-GRA promoted autophagy flow by promoting autophagosome synthesis (P < 0.001). qPCR showed that the expression of STAT3 mRNA was downregulated after drug intervention (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the expression levels of STAT3 and p-STAT3 were significantly downregulated after drug intervention (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION 18β-GRA promotes the synthesis of autophagosomes and inhibits GC cell proliferation by regulating the miR-328-3p/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yi Nan
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yu-Hua Du
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Shi-Cong Huang
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Dou-Dou Lu
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Jun-Fei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xia Li
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ningxia Minority Medicine Modernization Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China
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Ghica A, Drumea V, Moroșan A, Mihaiescu DE, Costea L, Luță EA, Mihai DP, Balaci DT, Fița AC, Olaru OT, Boscencu R, Gîrd CE. Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of Selected Extracts from Betula alba var. pendula Roth., Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Avena sativa L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2510. [PMID: 37447070 DOI: 10.3390/plants12132510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to obtain, characterize, and evaluate the antioxidant potential of some extracts obtained from the bark of Betula alba var. pendula Roth., the root of Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and the green herb of the Avena sativa. The results revealed that the lowest IC50 value, determined by all three methods, was obtained for Betulae extractum (BE) (73.6 µg/mL-DPPH method, 11.2 µg/mL-ABTS method, and 58.7 µg/mL-FRAP method), followed by Liquiritiae extractum (LE) (805.6 µg/mL, 92.1 µg/mL, and 722 µg/mL) and Avenae extractum (1.13 mg/mL-DPPH method, 99.7 µg/mL-ABTS method, and 135.1 µg/mL-FRAP method). These results correlate with total polyphenols content (expressed in g tannic acid/100 g dry extract), with BE having more polyphenols than LE and AE (47.96 ± 9.7083 for BE, compared with 9.31 ± 0.9913 for LE and 40.55 ± 6.3715 for AE). The total flavonoid content (expressed as g rutoside/100 g dry extract) is similar for BE and LE (3.75 ± 0.3140 and 3.44 ± 0.3037) and smaller for AE (1.95 ± 0.0526). Therefore, Betulae extractum has the strongest antioxidant action, with an IC50 value very close to the standard used as a reference (ascorbic acid-16.5 μg/mL solution). The FT-ICR-MS analysis confirmed the presence of the major compounds in all three extracts. The antioxidant properties of the studied extracts were further supported by molecular docking experiments that revealed the potential of the analyzed phytochemicals to act as both noncovalent and covalent activators of the Nrf2 signaling pathway, with promising benefits in treating various skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina Ghica
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street No. 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania
| | - Veronica Drumea
- Biotehnos SA, Gorunului Street No. 3-5, 075100 Otopeni, Romania
| | - Alina Moroșan
- Department of Organic Chemistry "Costin Nenițescu", Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dan Eduard Mihaiescu
- Department of Organic Chemistry "Costin Nenițescu", Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University POLITEHNICA of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Liliana Costea
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Emanuela Alice Luță
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dragos Paul Mihai
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Dalila Teodora Balaci
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ancuța Cătălina Fița
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Rica Boscencu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Cerasela Elena Gîrd
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Traian Vuia 6, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
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Lu Q, Han W, Wen D, Guo P, Liu Y, Wu Z, Fu S, Ye C, Wang X, Qiu Y. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Alleviates P. multocida-Induced Vascular Endothelial Inflammation by PARP1-Mediated NF-κB and HMGB1 Signalling Suppression in PIEC Cells. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:4201-4212. [PMID: 37404255 PMCID: PMC10317536 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s413242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background At present, the treatment and prevention of Pasteurella multocida infections in pigs mainly rely on antibiotics and vaccines, but inflammatory injury cannot be eliminated. The compound 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid extracted from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. root (liquorice) and with a chemical structure similar to that of steroidal hormones, has become a research focus because of its anti-inflammatory, antiulcer, antimicrobial, antioxidant, immunomodulatory, hepatoprotective and neuroprotective effects, but its potential for the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections has not been evaluated. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections. Materials and Methods Putative targets of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections were identified using network pharmacological screening and molecular docking simulation. The cell viability of PIEC cells was investigated via the CCK-8 assay. The mechanism of GA intervention in the treatment of vascular endothelial inflammatory injury by P. multocida infections were investigated using cell transfection and western blot. Results Through network pharmacological screening and molecular docking simulation, this study found that PARP1 may be a core target for GA to exert anti-inflammatory effects. Mechanistically, GA alleviates P. multocida-induced vascular endothelial inflammation by PARP1-mediated NF-κB and HMGB1 signalling suppression. Conclusion These findings, for the first time, demonstrate the potential therapeutic relationship among GA, PARP1 and inflammatory injury, providing a candidate drug, therapeutic targets and explanation for treating vascular endothelial inflammatory injury caused by P. multocida infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirong Lu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wantong Han
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Defeng Wen
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pu Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhongyuan Wu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shulin Fu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory for the Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues in Foods, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinsheng Qiu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, School of Animal Science and Nutritional Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Cao G, Lin M, Gu W, Su Z, Duan Y, Song W, Liu H, Zhang F. The rules and regulatory mechanisms of FOXO3 on inflammation, metabolism, cell death and aging in hosts. Life Sci 2023:121877. [PMID: 37352918 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The FOX family of transcription factors was originally identified in 1989, comprising the FOXA to FOXS subfamilies. FOXO3, a well-known member of the FOXO subfamily, is widely expressed in various human organs and tissues, with higher expression levels in the ovary, skeletal muscle, heart, and spleen. The biological effects of FOXO3 are mostly determined by its phosphorylation, which occurs in the nucleus or cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of FOXO3 in the nucleus can promote its translocation into the cytoplasm and inhibit its transcriptional activity. In contrast, phosphorylation of FOXO3 in the cytoplasm leads to its translocation into the nucleus and exerts regulatory effects on biological processes, such as inflammation, aerobic glycolysis, autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair. Additionally, FOXO3 isoform 2 acts as an important suppressor of osteoclast differentiation. FOXO3 can also interfere with the development of various diseases, including inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, blocking the production of inflammatory factors in autoimmune diseases, and inhibiting β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, FOXO3 slows down the aging process and exerts anti-aging effects by delaying telomere attrition, promoting cell self-renewal, and maintaining genomic stability. This review suggests that changes in the levels and post-translational modifications of FOXO3 protein can maintain organismal homeostasis and improve age-related diseases, thus counteracting aging. Moreover, this may indicate that alterations in FOXO3 protein levels are also crucial for longevity, offering new perspectives for therapeutic strategies targeting FOXO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoding Cao
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Monan Lin
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zaiyu Su
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yagan Duan
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wuqi Song
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
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Song Y, Xing X, Shen J, Chen G, Zhao L, Tian L, Ying J, Yu Y. Anti-inflammatory effect of glycyrrhetinic acid in IL-1β-induced SW982 cells and adjuvant-induced arthritis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15588. [PMID: 37180904 PMCID: PMC10172753 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Influences of Glycyrrhetinic acid on expression of inflammatory factors in interleukin (IL)-1β-induced SW982 cells and its anti-inflammatory effects were discussed in this study. MTT results showed that Glycyrrhetinic acid (≤80 μmol·L-1) almost has no toxicity on SW982 cells. The results of ELISA and real-time PCR showed that Glycyrrhetinic acid (10, 20 and 40 μmol · L-1) can significantly inhibit the expression of inflammatory factors such as IL-6, IL-8 and matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1). Western blot analysis showed that Glycyrrhetinic acid remarkably blocked the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro. Molecule docking showed that Glycyrrhetinic acid could bind to the active site (NLS Polypeptide) of NF-κB p65. Furthermore, observation of rat foot swelling proved that Glycyrrhetinic acid had a significant therapeutic effect on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) in rats in vivo. Collectively, all these findings suggested that Glycyrrhetinic acid might be a promising lead compound worthy of further pursuit as anti-inflammation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Xinyu Xing
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Guo Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, No. 15 Yimin Street, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Lu Tian
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, No. 15 Yimin Street, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Jie Ying
- Department of Gynecology, Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Anhui Province Maternity and Child Health Hospital, No. 15 Yimin Street, Hefei 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Yongqiang Yu
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Jixi Road, Hefei 230032, Anhui, China
- Corresponding author.
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17
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Langer D, Wicher B, Dutkiewicz Z, Bendzinska-Berus W, Bednarczyk-Cwynar B, Tykarska E. Polymorphism of Butyl Ester of Oleanolic Acid—The Dominance of Dispersive Interactions over Electrostatic. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076572. [PMID: 37047544 PMCID: PMC10095383 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oleanolic (OA) and glycyrrhetinic acids (GE), as well as their derivatives, show a variety of pharmacological properties. Their crystal structures provide valuable information related to the assembly modes of these biologically active compounds. In the known-to-date crystals of OA esters, their 11-oxo derivatives, and GE ester crystals, triterpenes associate, forming different types of ribbons and layers whose construction is based mainly on van der Waals forces and weak C-H···O interactions. New crystal structures of 11-oxo OA methyl ester and the polymorph of OA butyl ester reveal an alternative aggregation mode. Supramolecular architectures consist of helical chains which are stabilized by hydrogen bonds of O-H···O type. It was found that two polymorphic forms of butyl OA ester (layered and helical) are related monotropically. In a structure of metastable form, O-H···O hydrogen bonds occur, while the thermodynamically preferred phase is governed mainly by van der Waals interactions. The intermolecular interaction energies calculated using CrystalExplorer, PIXEL, and Psi4 programs showed that even in motifs formed through O-H···O hydrogen bonds, the dispersive forces have a significant impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langer
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Dutkiewicz
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Wioletta Bendzinska-Berus
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Barbara Bednarczyk-Cwynar
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Tykarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwaldzka 6, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
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18
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Puts R, Khaffaf A, Shaka M, Zhang H, Raum K. Focused Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (FLIPUS) Mitigates Apoptosis of MLO-Y4 Osteocyte-like Cells. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030387. [PMID: 36978778 PMCID: PMC10045139 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Long cytoplasmic processes of osteocytes orchestrate bone activity by integration of biochemical and mechanical signals and regulate load-induced bone adaptation. Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) is a clinically used technique for fracture healing that delivers mechanical impulses to the damaged bone tissue in a non-invasive and non-ionizing manner. The mechanism of action of LIPUS is still controversially discussed in the scientific community. In this study, the effect of focused LIPUS (FLIPUS) on the survival of starved MLO-Y4 osteocytes was investigated in vitro. Osteocytes stimulated for 10 min with FLIPUS exhibited extended dendrites, which formed frequent connections to neighboring cells and spanned longer distances. The sonicated cells displayed thick actin bundles and experienced increase in expression of connexin 43 (Cx43) proteins, especially on their dendrites, and E11 glycoprotein, which is responsible for the elongation of cellular cytoplasmic processes. After stimulation, expression of cell growth and survival genes as well as genes related to cell-cell communication was augmented. In addition, cell viability was improved after the sonication, and a decrease in ATP release in the medium was observed. In summary, FLIPUS mitigated apoptosis of starved osteocytes, which is likely related to the formation of the extensive dendritic network that ensured cell survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Puts
- Center for Biomedicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Aseel Khaffaf
- Center for Biomedicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Maria Shaka
- Center for Biomedicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hui Zhang
- Center for Biomedicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
| | - Kay Raum
- Center for Biomedicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, 12203 Berlin, Germany
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Shinu P, Gupta GL, Sharma M, Khan S, Goyal M, Nair AB, Kumar M, Soliman WE, Rahman A, Attimarad M, Venugopala KN, Altaweel AAA. Pharmacological Features of 18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid: A Pentacyclic Triterpenoid of Therapeutic Potential. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1086. [PMID: 36903944 PMCID: PMC10005454 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Glycyrrhiza glabra L. (belonging to the family Leguminosae), commonly known as Licorice, is a popular medicinal plant that has been used in traditional medicine worldwide for its ethnopharmacological efficacy in treating several ailments. Natural herbal substances with strong biological activity have recently received much attention. The main metabolite of glycyrrhizic acid is 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA), a pentacyclic triterpene. A major active plant component derived from licorice root, 18βGA has sparked a lot of attention due to its pharmacological properties. The current review thoroughly examines the literature on 18βGA, a major active plant component obtained from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. The current work provides insight into the pharmacological activities of 18βGA and the potential mechanisms of action involved. The plant contains a variety of phytoconstituents such as 18βGA, which has a variety of biological effects including antiasthmatic, hepatoprotective, anticancer, nephroprotective, antidiabetic, antileishmanial, antiviral, antibacterial, antipsoriasis, antiosteoporosis, antiepileptic, antiarrhythmic, and anti-inflammatory, and is also useful in the management of pulmonary arterial hypertension, antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia, and cerebral ischemia. This review examines research on the pharmacological characteristics of 18βGA throughout recent decades to demonstrate its therapeutic potential and any gaps that may exist, presenting possibilities for future drug research and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pottathil Shinu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Girdhari Lal Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM’s NMIMS University, Shirpur 425405, India
| | - Manu Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Forensic Sciences University Delhi Campus, New Delhi 110085, India
| | - Shahzad Khan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Anesthesia Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Jubail, Imam Abdul Rahman Bin Faisal University, Jubail 35816, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anroop B. Nair
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, M. M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Ambala 133201, India
| | - Wafaa E. Soliman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Mansoura 11152, Egypt
| | - Aminur Rahman
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahesh Attimarad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
| | - Katharigatta N. Venugopala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, Durban 4000, South Africa
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20
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18β-Glycyrrhetinic Acid Ameliorates Neuroinflammation Linked Depressive Behavior Instigated by Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress via Triggering BDNF/TrkB Signaling Pathway in Rats. Neurochem Res 2023; 48:551-569. [PMID: 36307572 PMCID: PMC9616426 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Evidence shows that inflammatory responses may encompass the onset of severe depressive illness. Traditionally used licorice contains 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18βGA), which has been demonstrated to reduce inflammation and oxidative stress. This study investigates the antidepressant effects of 18βGA and the underlying mechanism in rats exposed to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS). Wistar rats were exposed to CUMS for 36 consecutive days to establish depression. 18βGA (10, 20, and 50 mg/kg) or fluoxetine was given once daily (from day 30 to day 36). Thereafter, behavior parameters (sucrose preference test, forced-swimming test, open-field test, body weight), pro-inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), corticosterone (CORT), and liver biomarkers were studied. Immunohistochemistry and western blot analyses were conducted to investigate the protein's expression. 18βGA (20 and 50 mg/kg) treatment increased sucrose intake, locomotion in the open-field test, decreased immobility time in the forced swim test, and improved body weight in CUMS-exposed rats. The therapy of 18βGA dramatically declined cytokines, ACTH and CORT and improved 5HT and norepinephrine in CUMS rats. Furthermore, BDNF and TrkB proteins were down-regulated in CUMS group, which was increased to varying degrees by 18βGA at doses of 20 and 50 mg/kg. Therefore, 18βGA ameliorates depressive-like behavior persuaded by chronic unpredictable mild stress, decreases neuroinflammation, liver biomarkers, stress hormones, and improves body weight, brain neurotransmitter concentration via activating on BDNF/TrkB signaling pathway in both PFC and hippocampus in rats.
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Chwastek J, Kędziora M, Borczyk M, Korostyński M, Starowicz K. Inflammation-Driven Secretion Potential Is Upregulated in Osteoarthritic Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911817. [PMID: 36233118 PMCID: PMC9570304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common joint pathologies and a major cause of disability among the population of developed countries. It manifests as a gradual degeneration of the cartilage and subchondral part of the bone, leading to joint damage. Recent studies indicate that not only the cells that make up the articular cartilage but also the synoviocytes, which build the membrane surrounding the joint, contribute to the development of OA. Therefore, the aim of the study was to determine the response to inflammatory factors of osteoarthritic synoviocytes and to identify proteins secreted by them that may influence the progression of OA. This study demonstrated that fibroblast-like synoviocytes of OA patients (FLS-OA) respond more strongly to pro-inflammatory stimulation than cells obtained from control patients (FLS). These changes were observed at the transcriptome level and subsequently confirmed by protein analysis. FLS-OA stimulated by pro-inflammatory factors [such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) were shown to secrete significantly more chemokines (CXCL6, CXCL10, and CXCL16) and growth factors [angiopoietin-like protein 1 (ANGPTL1), fibroblast growth factor 5 (FGF5), and insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2)] than control cells. Moreover, the translation of proteolytic enzymes [matrix metalloprotease 3 (MMP3), cathepsin K (CTSK), and cathepsin S (CTSS)] by FLS-OA is increased under inflammatory conditions. Our data indicate that the FLS of OA patients are functionally altered, resulting in an enhanced response to the presence of pro-inflammatory factors in the environment, manifested by the increased production of the previously mentioned proteins, which may promote further disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Chwastek
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Kędziora
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Borczyk
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Michał Korostyński
- Laboratory of Pharmacogenomics, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-343 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Recent Advances Regarding the Molecular Mechanisms of Triterpenic Acids: A Review (Part II). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23168896. [PMID: 36012159 PMCID: PMC9408012 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23168896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triterpenic acids are a widespread class of phytocompounds which have been found to possess valuable therapeutic properties such as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, neuroprotective, lipolytic, antiviral, and antiparasitic effects. They are a subclass of triterpenes bearing a characteristic lipophilic structure that imprints unfavorable in vivo properties which subsequently limit their applications. The early investigation of the mechanism of action (MOA) of a drug candidate can provide valuable information regarding the possible side effects and drug interactions that may occur after administration. The current paper aimed to summarize the most recent (last 5 years) studies regarding the MOA of betulinic acid, boswellic acid, glycyrrhetinic acid, madecassic acid, moronic acid, and pomolic acid in order to provide scientists with updated and accessible material on the topic that could contribute to the development of future studies; the paper stands as the sequel of our previously published paper regarding the MOA of triterpenic acids with therapeutic value. The recent literature published on the topic has highlighted the role of triterpenic acids in several signaling pathways including PI3/AKT/mTOR, TNF-alpha/NF-kappa B, JNK-p38, HIF-α/AMPK, and Grb2/Sos/Ras/MAPK, which trigger their various biological activities.
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Yang J, Li J, Yang L, Guo R. Alkannin reverses lipopolysaccharides-induced inflammatory responses by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B signalling. Bioengineered 2022; 13:14936-14946. [PMID: 37105673 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2023.2184455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory disease that seriously affects human health worldwide. Meanwhile, inflammation in RAW264.7 cells could lead to the progression of RA. Alkannin (ALK) is derived from Alkanna tinctoria and is known to exert anti-tumor effects. However, the function of ALK in inflammation of RAW264.7 cells remains unclear. Thus, this research sought to investigate the detailed function of ALK in inflammatory responses of RAW264.7 cells. To induce an inflammatory response, RAW264.7 cells were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MTT assay was applied to examine cell viability. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to assess the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, the mechanism underlying ALK function in inflammatory responses was investigated using RT-qPCR and western blotting. The data revealed that LPS significantly increased the expression of cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Interleukin (IL)-1β, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-6, whereas ALK reversed this effect. ALK also restored LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) activation by inhibiting the downregulation of p-inhibitor kappa B alpha (IκBα). LPS elevated p-extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), phosphorylated p38 (p-p38), and phosphorylated -c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK) levels, which were markedly decreased in the presence of ALK. In summary, Alkannin attenuated LPS-induced inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK signaling. Thus, our research might provide a new theoretical basis for exploring new strategies against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingya Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Aquatic Product on Storage and Preservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lanzhu Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruohui Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
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Langer D, Wicher B, Tykarska E. Single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid isopropyl ester. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B, STRUCTURAL SCIENCE, CRYSTAL ENGINEERING AND MATERIALS 2022; 78:450-458. [PMID: 35702962 DOI: 10.1107/s2052520622002517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to the destruction of the integrity of the parent crystal, single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition in organic compounds is still a relatively rare phenomenon. The phase transition in glycyrrhetinic acid isopropyl ester is triggered by temperature change. The increasing volume of the isopropyl substituent as a result of increasing temperature forces a remodelling of the structural motifs. These changes cause a single-crystal-to-single-crystal phase transition. The low-temperature form is isostructural with glycyrrhetinic acid methanol solvate, while the high-temperature phase is isostructural with the ethyl ester of this acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Langer
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
| | - Barbara Wicher
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
| | - Ewa Tykarska
- Department of Chemical Technology of Drugs, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Grunwladzka 6, Poznan 60-780, Poland
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Ferreira AS, Macedo C, Silva AM, Delerue-Matos C, Costa P, Rodrigues F. Natural Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Mucositis-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084385. [PMID: 35457202 PMCID: PMC9030892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a major world public health problem, is associated with chemotherapy treatments whose administration leads to secondary concerns, such as oral mucositis (OM). The OM disorder is characterized by the presence of ulcers in the oral mucosa that cause pain, bleeding, and difficulty in ingesting fluids and solids, or speaking. Bioactive compounds from natural sources have arisen as an effective approach for OM. This review aims to summarize the new potential application of different natural products in the prevention and treatment of OM in comparison to conventional ones, also providing a deep insight into the most recent clinical studies. Natural products, such as Aloe vera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Camellia sinensis, Calendula officinalis, or honeybee crops, constitute examples of sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological interest due to their well-reported activities (e.g., antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or wound healing). These activities are associated with the bioactive compounds present in their matrix (such as flavonoids), which are associated with in vivo biological activities and minimal or absent toxicity. Finally, encapsulation has arisen as a future opportunity to preserve the chemical stability and the drug bioa vailability of bioactive compounds and, most importantly, to improve the buccal retention period and the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Catarina Macedo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Paulo Costa
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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Li J, Zhao M, Xiang X, He Q, Gui R. A novel biomimetic nanomedicine system with anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoporosis effects improves the therapy efficacy of steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:417. [PMID: 34903236 PMCID: PMC8670287 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-01165-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinically, steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is always prolonged and difficult to treat and easily develops into end-stage renal disease, resulting in a low survival rate. Strategies to reverse steroid resistance and reduce the long-term use of high doses of steroid medicines are urgently needed. In this study, a novel nanoparticle drug system (Pm-GCH) with a core–shell structure was designed. Metal–organic frameworks, synthesized by glycyrrhizic acid (G) and calcium ions (Ca2+) loaded with hydrocortisone (H) were the core of the nanoparticles. Platelet membrane vesicles were the shells. The natural platelet membrane endows Pm-GCH with good biocompatibility and the ability to promote immune escape. In addition, under the chemotaxis of inflammatory factors, platelet membranes assist Pm-GCH in nonspecific targeting of the inflammatory sites of the kidney. Under an inflammatory acid environment, GCH slowly degrades and releases glycyrrhizic acid and hydrocortisone. Glycyrrhizic acid inhibits the inactivation of hydrocortisone, jointly inhibits the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and the classic activation pathway of complement C2, blocks the production of inflammatory factors, plays an anti-inflammatory role, and enhances the efficacy of hydrocortisone in the treatment of SRNS. Moreover, glycyrrhizic acid alleviates osteoporosis induced by long-term use of glucocorticoids. These results indicate that Pm-GCH is a promising treatment strategy for SRNS. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Li
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Xinying Xiang
- School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Qingnan He
- Department of Pediatrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
| | - Rong Gui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China.
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