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Weiß M, Mende E, Schaller N, Krusemark H, Spanier B, Zelger O, Bischof J, Haller B, Halle M, Siegrist M. Adherence and potential factors of adherence to a resistance, coordination and endurance training in older retirement home residents over 6 months. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2024; 34:e14576. [PMID: 38339790 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION High exercise adherence is a key factor for effective exercise programmes. However, little is known about predictors of exercise adherence to a multimodal machine-based training in older retirement home residents. AIMS To assess exercise adherence and potential predictors of adherence. Furthermore, to evaluate user acceptance of the multimodal training and the change in exercise self-efficacy. METHODS In this sub-analysis of the bestform-F study, a total of 77 retirement home residents ≥65 years (mean age: 85.6 ± 6.6 years, 77.9% female) participated in a 6-month machine-based resistance, coordination and endurance training. Attendance to the training was documented for each training session. To identify potential predictors a multiple linear regression model was fitted to the data. Analyzed predictors included age, sex, body mass index (BMI), physical function, exercise self-efficacy, and physical activity history. Different domains of user acceptance (e.g. safety aspects, infrastructure) and exercise self-efficacy were assessed by a questionnaire and the exercise self-efficacy scale (ESES), respectively. RESULTS Mean exercise adherence was 67.2% (median: 74.4%). The regression model (R2 = 0.225, p = 0.033) revealed that the 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) at baseline significantly predicted exercise adherence (β: 0.074, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.006-0.142, p = 0.033). Different user domains were rated at least as good by 83.9%-96.9% of participants, reflecting high acceptance. No statistically significant change was found for exercise self-efficacy over 6 months (mean change: 0.47 ± 3.08 points, p = 0.156). CONCLUSION Retirement home residents attended more than two thirds of offered training sessions and physical function at baseline was the key factor for predicting adherence. User acceptance of the training devices was highly rated. These findings indicate good potential for implementation of the exercise programme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Weiß
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Esther Mende
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Nina Schaller
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Helge Krusemark
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bianca Spanier
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Otto Zelger
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jan Bischof
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Haller
- Institute of AI and Informatics in Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Halle
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), Partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Monika Siegrist
- Department of Preventive Sports Medicine and Sports Cardiology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, University Hospital Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
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2
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Zhou J, Wu B, Su L, Ma X. The influence of tai chi on the death anxiety of elderly people living alone: the chain mediating effect of social support and psychological capital. Front Psychol 2024; 14:1303524. [PMID: 38298370 PMCID: PMC10828961 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1303524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Population aging is a global trend, and the number of older adults living alone is increasing. Tai chi, a traditional Chinese exercise, has been shown to improve the physical and mental health of older adults. Aim To investigate the effects of tai chi on death anxiety in older adults living alone and the role of social support and psychological capital in this relationship. Method A cross-sectional study of 493 older adults living alone in four cities in southwestern China. Participants were assessed using questionnaires on tai chi practice, social support, psychological capital, and death anxiety. Results Tai chi practice significantly reduced death anxiety in older adults living alone. It also positively correlated with social support and psychological capital, both of which negatively correlated with death anxiety. Social support and psychological capital mediated the relationship between tai chi practice and death anxiety, suggesting that tai chi may reduce death anxiety through these factors. These findings encourage older adults living alone to practice tai chi, as it may improve their mental and physical health and reduce their risk of death anxiety. Conclusion Tai chi practice may reduce death anxiety in older adults living alone through the chain-mediated effects of social support and psychological capital. This suggests that tai chi may be a beneficial intervention for older adults living alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhou
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Baoyuan Wu
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lining Su
- Clinical College, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiujie Ma
- School of Wushu, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
- Chinese Guoshu Academy, Chengdu Sports University, Chengdu, China
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Plateau CR, Anthony J, Clemes SA, Stevinson CD. Prospective study of beginner running groups: psychological predictors and outcomes of participation. Behav Med 2024; 50:55-62. [PMID: 35959562 DOI: 10.1080/08964289.2022.2100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Running is an example of vigorous activity that leads to important health benefits if maintained. Beginner running groups provide supportive training programs to help people progress from walking to sustained running. This study explored the characteristics of individuals joining beginner running groups and the outcomes they achieve. New members of beginner running groups (n = 141; mean age 43 years, 122 female) completed online assessments at the start of their group program with 63 participants (45%) also completing a follow-up assessment at the end of the program. Validated scales were used to assess exercise behavior, mental wellbeing, self-efficacy, running identity and social physique anxiety. The majority of participants had low exercise levels at the start of the program (63%, n = 89). By the program end, 47 participants (75% of those completing the follow-up assessment) reported meeting the training goal (running for 30 minutes continuously) with self-efficacy, program adherence and younger age representing significant predictors of success. Significant improvements in exercise levels, mental wellbeing, self-efficacy, running identity and social physique anxiety were observed by the end of the program. In conclusion, beginner running programs attract low active individuals and may lead to improved levels of exercise and psychological outcomes. Additional research is needed to examine the extent to which improvements are sustained longer term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn R Plateau
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine East Midlands, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Justine Anthony
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Stacy A Clemes
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine East Midlands, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust and University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Clare D Stevinson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine East Midlands, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
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Clarke JJ, Talbot R, Holmes K, Wild J, Ashley J, McEvoy PM. Social anxiety, behavioural activation and depression risk in older men: protection through Men's Shed membership. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad180. [PMID: 38150221 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing rates of depressive symptoms in older adults is a public health priority. Men's Sheds are a community organisation that may protect against depressive symptoms in older men. It is currently unclear how social anxiety and behavioural activation may relate to depressive symptoms for Men's Shed members. We employed a cross-sectional design to explore whether the relationships between social anxiety, behavioural activation and depressive symptoms were contingent upon Shed social network quality in a sample of 164 Men's Shed members. Conditional effects analysis found social anxiety (B = -0.08, p < 0.01) and behavioural activation's (B = 0.02, p < 0.001) relationships with depression to be contingent on Shed social network quality. Additionally, we found evidence for a conditional effect of social anxiety on the relationship between behavioural activation and depression (B = -0.03, p < 0.01) such that this relationship was stronger for those with higher levels of social anxiety. Our findings suggest that a strong social network within a Men's Shed weakens the association between social anxiety and depression, that the relationship between behavioural activation and depression is stronger in those with poorer Shed social networks, and that the relationship between behavioural activation and depression may be stronger for those with higher levels of social anxiety. We suggest that our findings contribute to increasing quantitative support for the mental health benefits of Men's Shed membership, highlight the potential importance of Shed social network quality and explore how social anxiety may affect the mental health outcomes for members.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Clarke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Talbot
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kirsten Holmes
- School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Wild
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jaxon Ashley
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter M McEvoy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Interventions, North Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Mordeno IG, Luzano JGC. Examining specific and non-specific symptoms of the best-fitting posttraumatic stress disorder model in conflict-exposed adolescents. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:353. [PMID: 37875987 PMCID: PMC10594924 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01389-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The 5th revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) construes PTSD symptoms into 4 clusters (intrusion, avoidance, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, alterations in arousal and reactivity; Model 1). However, recent literature has shown that this symptom structure does not best represent PTSD. Unfortunately, the findings of studies investigating the proposed alternative models are from consensus. Adding to the complexity of the issue of symptom-grouping models is the identification of specific and non-specific symptoms of PTSD. The present study aims to address these gaps by identifying the best-fitting PTSD model and subsequently examining what symptoms are considered specific and non-specific to PTSD in adolescent-survivors of armed political conflict and violence. METHODS The study utilized a sample of 641 adolescent victim survivors. We conducted CFA analyses and compared nested models through the scaled χ2 difference test, while comparison of non-nested models was done using the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). The best-fitted model was used in the consequent analysis, where we statistically controlled for the effect of non-specific psychological distress on PTSD by comparing the factor loadings and factor correlations before and after accounting for distress using the Aroian z-test. RESULTS The results provide support for the 7-factor hybrid model of PTSD over other proposed models for the current sample. Moreover, the data reveal that only 7 items could be construed as core symptoms, while the rest of the symptoms can be considered non-PTSD specific. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the findings provide support for the validity of the hybrid PTSD model among political conflict-exposed adolescents. The results also show that the DSM-5 PTSD has both specific and non-specific features in the present sample of conflict-exposed adolescents. This has potential implications for theory, practice, and treatment of the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imelu G Mordeno
- Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines.
| | - Jelli Grace C Luzano
- Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
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Wiium N, Kristensen SM, Årdal E, Bøe T, Gaspar de Matos M, Karhina K, Larsen TMB, Urke HB, Wold B. Civic engagement and mental health trajectories in Norwegian youth. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1214141. [PMID: 37927862 PMCID: PMC10625422 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1214141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Applying variable-centered analytical approaches, several studies have found an association between civic engagement and youth mental health. In the present study, we used a person-centered approach to explore whether civic engagement was related to optimal trajectories of mental health compared to other trajectories. We also examined how sociodemographic factors, such as socioeconomic status (SES), gender and age were related to youth mental health trajectories. Methods Our sample comprised 675 students (aged 16-22) who had participated in three waves of data collection (Mage = 18.85, SD = 0.55; 43% males) in the COMPLETE project, a cluster-randomized controlled trial that involved Norwegian upper secondary schools. Results The results revealed three trajectories of mental health (reflecting a combination of mental distress and mental well-being): optimal, intermediate, and sub-optimal. Contrary to our expectations, higher levels of civic engagement were not related to the optimal trajectory of mental health vs. other trajectories. However, we found that students who reported higher levels of SES and males were more likely to follow the optimal trajectory compared to other trajectories. Discussion While the findings on civic engagement could be due to our measurement's inability to capture the concept of "dugnad," a well-established civic activity in the Norwegian society, the findings regarding the influence of SES and gender suggest that there is still more work to be done concerning the assessment and advancement of factors that can address mental health inequalities across SES and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora Wiium
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Elisabeth Årdal
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Kateryna Karhina
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Helga Bjørnøy Urke
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Bente Wold
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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7
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Wang C, Tian Z, Luo Q. The impact of exercise on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1279599. [PMID: 37860792 PMCID: PMC10582957 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1279599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a global surge in mental health challenges. This study (PROSPERO CRD42023443860) aimed to investigate the impact of exercise on individuals' mental health through systematic evaluation and meta-analysis to develop a scientific exercise program. Methods We systematically searched the literature up to August 2023 using PubMed, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. The Cochrane Risk Assessment Tool gaged the methodological quality of the included literature. Results Among the initially identified 10,343 search records, 12 studies were deemed to meet the criteria for systematic review and meta-analysis. Exercise significantly improved anxiety (SMD -0.81, 95% CI -1.10 to -0.52, p < 0.00001), depression (-1.02, 95% CI -1.42 to -0.62, p = 0.0001), stress (-1.05, 95% CI -1.33 to -0.78, p < 0.00001), and quality of life (1.11, 95% CI 0.81 to 1.41, p < 0.00001). Subgroup analyzes indicated that a single exercise session lasting 30-40 min had the most pronounced effect on reducing anxiety (-1.29, 95% CI -1.12 to -0.86, p < 0.00001) and depression (-1.76, 95% CI -2.24 to -1.28, p < 0.00001). Similarly, an exercise frequency of 3-5 times per week yielded the greatest benefits for anxiety (-1.31, 95% CI -2.15 to -0.46, p < 0.00001) and depression (-1.27, 95% CI -2.11 to -0.41, p = 0.0003). Notably, exercise exhibited its most significant impact on depression improvement in the 40-64 age group (-1.32, 95% CI -1.78 to -0.86, p < 0.00001). Moreover, exercise notably enhanced anxiety levels among individuals in middle and upper-income brackets (-0.99, 95% CI -1.11 to -0.87, p < 0.00001). Conclusion Exercise alleviated anxiety disorders, depression, stress levels, and quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most significant impact on anxiety and depression improvement is achieved by engaging in 30-40 min of exercise sessions, 3-5 times per week.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zuguo Tian
- Department of Physical Education, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Liu Y, Feng Q, Guo K. Physical activity and depression of Chinese college students: chain mediating role of rumination and anxiety. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1190836. [PMID: 37583607 PMCID: PMC10423818 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1190836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To explore the relationship between physical activity and depression among college students, as well as the mediating role of rumination and anxiety. Methods A total of 1,292 Chinese college students were investigated by physical activity questionnaire, rumination scale, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), and depression scale. Results (1) There was a significant negative correlation between physical activity and depression (r = -0.399, p < 0.01), and the direct path of physical activity on depression was significant (β = -0.399, t = -13.374, p < 0.01). (2) Physical activity negatively predicted rumination (β = -0.322, t = -10.440, p < 0.01) and anxiety (β = -0.222, t = -7.089, p < 0.01). Rumination positively predicted anxiety (β = 0.283, t = 9.017, p < 0.01) and depression (β = 0.267, t = 9.046, p < 0.01). Anxiety positively predicted depression (β = 0.262, t = 8.902, p < 0.01). (3) Rumination and anxiety play a significant mediating role between physical activity and depression. The mediating effect involves three paths: physical activity → rumination → depression (the mediating effect value: -0.076); physical activity → anxiety → depression (the mediating effect value: -0.052). Physical activity → rumination → anxiety → depression (the mediating effect value: -0.021). Conclusion (1) Physical activity can negatively predict the rumination, anxiety, and depression of college students, which means physical activity can reduce rumination, anxiety, and depression of college students. (2) Physical activity can not only directly affect the depression of college students, but also indirectly affect depression through the independent intermediary role of rumination and anxiety, and the chain mediation of rumination and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kelei Guo
- School of Physical Education and Health, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing, China
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9
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Sheikhhoseini R, Dadfar M, Shahrbanian S, Piri H, Salsali M. The effects of exercise training on knee repositioning sense in people with knee osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:592. [PMID: 37468853 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is one of the most common global joint disorders, especially in aging population, and is among leading health-related concerns of societies. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis was done to investigate the results related to the effects of exercise interventions on knee repositioning sense in patients with knee OA. METHODS An extensive search was independently performed in electronic databases including PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar, to identify randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted on knee OA and to evaluate knee repositioning sense before and after different exercise interventions. After extracting relevant data from eligible studies, results of the studies were pooled using a random-effects model of meta-analysis. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) of clinical trials was used for quality assessment of eligible studies. RESULTS Among 2702 studies identified in the initial search, 17 studies were eligible for final systematic review and meta-analysis. The results showed that the patients who participated in different exercise interventions had significantly less knee repositioning error (mean differences: -1.141 degrees (95%CI: -1.510, -0.772, P < .001) compared to those who did not undergo exercise interventions. The eligible studies exhibited publication bias (Intercept: -6.69, P = .002), and the data showed significant heterogeneity (I2 = 85.633%, Q = 153.125, P < .001). Moreover, meta regression showed more prolonged exercise duration might have more effects on knee repositioning error (Coefficient=-0.860, 95% CI=-1.705, -0.016, Z=-2.00, P = .045). CONCLUSION There is strong evidence that exercise interventions may effectively reduce knee repositioning error. Moreover, it seems that more prolonged exercise duration may be associated with the greater effect size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahman Sheikhhoseini
- Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahdis Dadfar
- Department of Human Health and Performance, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shahnaz Shahrbanian
- Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hashem Piri
- Department of corrective exercise & Sport injury, Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Salsali
- Faculty of physical education and sport sciences, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
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Mi W, Gou Z, Ma Z. Psychometric Properties of the Chinese Version of the 10-Item Social Provisions Scale in Chinese Populations. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2023:1-27. [PMID: 37361345 PMCID: PMC10212227 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-023-10047-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
This study performed a cross-cultural validation of the Chinese version of the 10-item Social Provisions Scale (C-SPS-10) in Chinese populations. Study 1 examined the factor structure, internal reliability, discrimination, criterion validity, and network structure of C-SPS-10 by utilizing a sample of disaster victims in the 2021 Henan floods. Study 2 substantiated the findings of Study 1 in a general population sample. Measurement invariances between populations and between sexes in terms of the C-SPS-10 were also tested using the network approach. Study 3 used three samples to examine the test-retest reliability of the C-SPS-10 over three different time periods. The general results showed that the C-SPS-10 has excellent factor structure, internal reliability, discrimination, and criterion validity. The C-SPS-10 was confirmed to have good psychometric properties. Although the full scale functions well, problems may exist at a domain level. Moreover, the full scale of the C-SPS-10 was varied as a useful tool to capture trait-like characteristics of individuals' perceptions of social support for the general population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10862-023-10047-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Mi
- Computational Communication Collaboratory, School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Zepeng Gou
- Computational Communication Collaboratory, School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Zhihao Ma
- Computational Communication Collaboratory, School of Journalism and Communication, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023 China
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11
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Alipouri M, Amiri E, Hoseini R, Hezarkhani LA. Effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and vitamin D supplementation on psychiatric comorbidities in men with migraine and vitamin D insufficiency: A randomized controlled clinical trial. J Affect Disord 2023; 334:12-20. [PMID: 37146906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.04.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities associated with migraine increases the risk of evolution from episodic migraine to chronic migraine. This study investigated the effects of eight weeks of aerobic exercise and vitamin D supplementation on psychiatric comorbidities in men with migraine and vitamin D insufficiency. METHODS Forty-eight participants took part in this randomized controlled clinical trial and were allocated into four groups: aerobic exercise and vitamin D (AE + VD), aerobic exercise and placebo (AE + Placebo), vitamin D (VD), and Placebo. AE + VD and AE + Placebo groups performed three aerobic exercise sessions per week for eight weeks and received a vitamin D supplement and placebo, respectively. The VD group received a vitamin D supplement, and the Placebo group received a placebo for eight weeks. The depression severity, quality of sleep, and physical self-concept were measured at baseline and after eight weeks. RESULTS The results showed that depression severity was significantly lower in AE + VD compared to AE + Placebo, VD, and Placebo at the post-test. Our results demonstrated that in the post-test, the mean score of sleep quality in AE + VD was significantly lower than AE + Placebo, VD, and Placebo. Finally, the results revealed that after eight weeks of intervention, the physical self-concept in AE + VD was significantly higher than in VD and Placebo groups. LIMITATIONS Not having complete control of sun exposure and the diet were the limitations. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the concomitant application of AE and VD supplementation could provoke synergistic effects leading to additional psycho-cognitive health benefits in men with migraine and vitamin D insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosayeb Alipouri
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ehsan Amiri
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
| | - Rastegar Hoseini
- Exercise Metabolism and Performance Lab (EMPL), Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Leila Afshar Hezarkhani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Science, Kermanshah, Iran
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Welford P, Gunillasdotter V, Andreasson S, Herring MP, Vancampfort D, Hallgren M. Sticking with it? Factors associated with exercise adherence in people with alcohol use disorder. Addict Behav 2023; 144:107730. [PMID: 37094457 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests that exercise may be an efficacious treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), but adherence is suboptimal. We examined factors associated with adherence to an exercise intervention for non-treatment seeking adults with AUD. METHODS This secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial included 95 physically inactive adults aged 18-75 years with clinician-diagnosed AUD. Study participants were randomly assigned to 12-weeks fitness centre-based, supervised aerobic exercise or yoga classes and asked to attend at least three times/week. Adherence was assessed both objectively (based on use of a keycard at entry) and subjectively using an activity calendar. The association between AUD and other predictor variables with adherence was assessed using logistic and Poisson regression models. RESULTS Just under half of participants (47/95, 49%) completed ≥ 12 supervised exercise sessions. When both supervised classes and self-reported sessions were included, 32/95 (34%) participants completed ≤ 11 sessions, 28/95 (29%) did 12-23 sessions and 35/95 (37%) completed ≥ 24 sessions. In univariate logistic regression analyses, lower education was associated with non-adherence (<12 sessions) (OR = 3.02, 95%CI = 1.19-7.61). In models adjusted for demographic and clinical variables, moderate AUD (OR = 0.11, 95%CI = 0.02-0.49) and severe AUD (OR = 0.12, 95%CI = 0.02-0.69) were associated with non-adherence, when compared to low severity AUD. Higher body mass index (OR = 0.80, 95%CI = 0.68-0.93) was also associated with non-adherence. Results were materially the same when objective and subjective adherence data were combined. CONCLUSION Adults with AUD can be supported to engage in yoga and aerobic exercise. Additional support may be required for those with moderate or severe AUD, higher BMI, and lower education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Welford
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden
| | - Victoria Gunillasdotter
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Sweden, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Services, 114 35 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sven Andreasson
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden; Centre for Psychiatry Research, Sweden, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, & Stockholm Health Services, 114 35 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Matthew P Herring
- Physical Activity for Health Research Centre, Health Research Institute & Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Ireland
| | - Davy Vancampfort
- Research Group for Adapted Physical Activity and Psychomotor Rehabilitation, University of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mats Hallgren
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.
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13
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Chair SY, Leung KC, Lo SWS, Wang Q, Sit JWH, Leung SY, Cheng HY. Exercise capacity and its determinants among postcardiac rehabilitation patients with coronary heart disease. Nurs Open 2023; 10:2501-2507. [PMID: 36444708 PMCID: PMC10006663 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the determinants of exercise capacity in postcardiac rehabilitation patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). DESIGN A cross-sectional design was used. METHODS This study analysed the cross-sectional data from the baseline assessment of 130 CHD patients who participated in a longitudinal randomized controlled trial of music-paced physical activity intervention for CHD patients (ChiCTR-IOR-17011015) (September 2017 to February 2019). Exercise capacity was measured by using the 10-metre incremental shuttle-walk test. The amount of physical activity, exercise self-determination and exercise self-efficacy were measured by validated instruments. Participants' anthropometric parameters (body mass index, body fat mass percentage and waist circumference) were measured. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to identify the factors influencing exercise capacity. RESULTS The mean incremental shuttle-walk test distance was 493.00 ± 180.04 m. The factors significantly associated with exercise capacity were age (β = -.42), female (β = -.35), body mass index (β = -.25) and exercise self-efficacy (β = -.20). These factors accounted for 56.5% of the total variance of exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sek Ying Chair
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kai Chi Leung
- Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sally Wai Sze Lo
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Qun Wang
- School of Nursing, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Janet Wing Hung Sit
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sui Yuen Leung
- Department of Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tung Wah Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho Yu Cheng
- The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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14
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Cammisuli DM, Franzoni F, Fusi J, Scarfò G, Castelnuovo G. Engagement in a structured physical activity program and its effects upon health-related quality of life in elderly women: An observational study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1135433. [PMID: 37034950 PMCID: PMC10075252 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1135433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex process associated with an impairment in functional capacity and low health-related quality of life (HRQoL) due to a high frequency of chronic diseases in the elderly population. Regular physical activity (PA) may limit some physiological effects of sedentary lifestyle and increase life expectancy. An observational was conducted to measure the HRQoL among older adults living in the community, by comparing a convenience sample of elderly females practicing a structured program of PA from 2 to 3 times per week in 60-min sessions (i.e., active females, AFs) to a sample of participants adopting lifestyle behaviors expending little energy (i.e., sedentary females, SFs). A validated questionnaire (the RAND 36-item) was used as outcome measure. All participants were assessed in terms of cognitive status (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) to exclude mild cognitive impairment, divided attention/executive functioning (Trail Making Test, Stroop Test) and psychopathological dimensions of anxiety (Geriatric Anxiety Inventory, GAI), and depression (Geriatric Depression Scale, GDS). Non-parametric analysis revealed that AFs and SFs differed significantly in the RAND Energy/Fatigue (E/F), Emotional Wellbeing (EW), and Social Functioning (SoF), that was however influenced by education level. Moreover, E/F and EW were negatively associated to anxiety and depression, while SoF was influenced by divided attention. PA results in a healthful behavior for combating feelings of fatigue and low energy as well as emotional distress that can affect health status perception in older women.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ferdinando Franzoni
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jonathan Fusi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Scarfò
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gianluca Castelnuovo
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University, Milan, Italy
- Psychology Research Laboratory, Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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15
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Mistry SK, Ali AM, Yadav UN, Huda MN, Khanam F, Kundu S, Khan JR, Hossain MB, Anwar A, Ghimire S. Change in prevalence over time and factors associated with depression among Bangladeshi older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:230-242. [PMID: 36584687 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic seriously affected both physical and mental health conditions. This study aims to assess changes in the prevalence of depression among older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh and explore the correlates of depression in pooled data. METHODS This study followed a repeated cross-sectional design and was conducted through telephone interviews on two successive occasions during the COVID-19 pandemic (October 2020 and September 2021) among 2077 (1032 in 2020-survey and 1045 in 2021-survey) older Bangladeshi adults aged 60 years and above. Depression was measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). The binary logistic regression model was used to identify the factors associated with depression in pooled data. RESULTS A significant increase in the prevalence of depression was noted in the 2021 survey compared to the 2020 survey (47.2% versus 40.3%; adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.11-1.75). Depression was significantly higher among participants without a partner (aOR 1.92, 95% CI 1.45-2.53), with a monthly family income of <5000 BDT (aOR: 2.65, 95% CI 1.82-3.86) or 5000-10 000 BDT (aOR: 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.65), living alone (aOR 2.24, 95% CI 1.40-3.61), feeling isolated (aOR 3.15, 95% CI 2.49-3.98), with poor memory/concentration (aOR 2.02, 95% CI 1.58-2.57), with non-communicable chronic conditions (aOR 1.34, 95% CI 1.06-1.69), overwhelmed by COVID-19 (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.18-2.00), having difficulty earning (aOR 1.49, 95% CI 1.15-1.92) or obtaining food (aOR 1.56, 95% CI 1.17-2.09) during COVID-19 pandemic, communicating less frequently (aOR 1.35, 95% CI 1.07-1.70) and needing extra care (aOR 2.28, 95% CI 1.75-2.96) during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Policymakers and public health practitioners should provide immediate mental health support initiatives for this vulnerable population during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond. Policymakers should also invest in creating safe places to practise mindful eating, exercise, or other refuelling activities as a means of preventing and managing depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabuj K Mistry
- ARCED Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,Department of Public Health, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Uday N Yadav
- Centre for Primary Health Care and Equity, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Md Nazmul Huda
- ARCED Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,School of Medicine, Western Sydney University, Campbeltown, Australia
| | - Fouzia Khanam
- Department of Public Health, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Satyajit Kundu
- Global Health Institute, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jahidur R Khan
- School of Clinical Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Md Belal Hossain
- BRAC James P Grant School of Public Health, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.,School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Afsana Anwar
- Health and Nutrition, Social Assistance and Rehabilitation for the Physically Vulnerable (SARPV), Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh
| | - Saruna Ghimire
- Department of Sociology and Gerontology and Scripps Gerontology Centre, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio, USA
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16
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Yi H, Ng ST, Chang CM, Low CXE, Tan CS. Effects of neighborhood features on healthy aging in place: the composition and context of urban parks and traditional local coffeeshops in Singapore. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:969. [PMID: 36522627 PMCID: PMC9753030 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy aging in place is affected by what the neighborhood provides for older adults. The mixed-methods ethnographic study explored the built environmental and contextual effects of urban parks and traditional local coffeeshops (kopitiam) on health practices among older adults in Singapore. METHODS A door-to-door survey with 497 older adults from 32 residential blocks in a public housing town assessed exercise and smoking. The walking distances from the residential blocks to the facilities were calculated. Regression analysis examined the associations between the distance and rates of exercise and smoking. Ethnographic assessment data contextualized the quantitative findings. RESULTS Older adults' exercise was associated with proximity to an urban park but not traditional local coffeeshops. High rates of smoking were clustered in the housing blocks close to the coffeeshops, which provided casual drinking places with smoking tables. The proximity to the coffeeshops was significantly associated with increased smoking and decreased exercise. A walking distance of 200 m to the park and coffeeshops was found to discriminate the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggested that walking distances of a few blocks influenced health behaviors among older adults. Their smoking habits appeared to be maintained through environmental features and cultural norms attached to the coffeeshops. Policy of urban planning and redevelopment for the aging population needs to consider the socioecology of healthy aging in place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huso Yi
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Shu Tian Ng
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheng Mun Chang
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Cheryl Xue Er Low
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chuen Seng Tan
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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17
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Differences in Health-Related Quality of Life and Physical Condition of Two Community-Based Exercise Programs in Subjects with Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111894. [DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared the effect of two community-based physical activity (PA) programs on health-related quality of life (HRQL) and physical condition in people with cardiovascular risk factors. Fifty-one subjects participated in the “ACTIVA Murcia” AM3 program characterized by non-individualized training loads for 3 months, and forty-two participated in the AM6 program characterized by individualized progressive training loads for 6 months. Both programs included a 6-month follow-up period without PA. HRQL was assessed with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) and physical condition by VO2 max, strength, flexibility, and balance. Participants in the AM6 program as compared with those in the AM3 program showed significantly higher scores in the subscales of physical functioning, mental health, energy/vitality, and general health. Mental health and general health at 6 months of follow-up were also scored significantly higher by AM6 participants. VO2 max and flexibility improved more in the AM6 group, whereas strength was better in the AM3 group. Half of the participants in the AM6 program expressed a strong willingness to continue exercising vs. 38% in the AM3 program. In this study, a community-based PA program with individualized progressive training loads of 6-month duration showed a more favorable impact on HRQL than a 3-month non-individualized PA program.
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18
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The relationship between symptoms of obsessive compulsive disorder and depression during therapy: A random intercept cross-lagged panel model. J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry 2022; 76:101748. [PMID: 35738694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2022.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We know little about how symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression interact during psychological therapy. Although some previous research suggests that reductions in the severity of depression are driven by reductions in OCD, support for this conclusion is limited due to the exclusion of individuals with severe depression and limitations of the statistical approaches used. METHODS This study re-examined the interaction between symptoms of OCD and depression during therapy in a sample of 137 adults with a primary diagnosis of OCD and a full range of depression severity. All participants received a 12 to 16-week specialist residential treatment. Participants completed the Florida Obsessive Compulsive Inventory and Patient Health Questionnaire for depression weekly. The relationship between severity of OCD and depression was examined using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model. RESULTS Both cross-lagged paths were significant, with prior levels of OCD influencing subsequent levels of depression, and prior levels of depression influencing subsequent levels of OCD. LIMITATIONS The present study was conducted in a residential setting, meaning the findings may not generalise to outpatient settings characterised by less severe OCD and depression. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to previous findings, which suggest that the influence of OCD on depression is far greater than the reverse, our findings suggest that OCD and depression influence each other equally. As improvements in mood can help to improve symptoms of OCD, it appears important to target depression concurrently during treatment for OCD. This would be a new treatment target for improvement outcomes in OCD.
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19
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Chu LWP, Lau RWM, Mak IWF. Evidence-based lifestyle medicine interventions to enhance the mental health of law enforcers in Hong Kong: A pilot randomized controlled trial. BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES & THE LAW 2022; 40:540-555. [PMID: 35194818 DOI: 10.1002/bsl.2565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Law enforcers are stressed, but they may be reluctant to seek psychological support due to the stigmatization of mental illness in the law enforcement culture. Given the relatively stigma-free lifestyle medicine intervention, a two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted in the Hong Kong police force to examine the efficacy of integrated lifestyle medicine practices in enhancing the mental health of law enforcers. A total of 18 participants were randomly assigned to the intervention and waitlist control groups. The intervention group attended a 6-week lifestyle medicine program consisting of five lifestyle factors. On analyzing the results of the Patient Health Questionnaire using a paired sample t-test, a statistically significant intervention effect was found. This implies that participants had significantly better general psychological well-being after the intervention in this pilot study. In conclusion, the present findings provide preliminary support to promote the relatively stigma-free lifestyle medicine interventions in law enforcement. Nevertheless, further research effort with a larger sample size is warranted to provide empirical support for the efficacy of integrated lifestyle medicine programme.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ingrid Wing-Fun Mak
- Psychological Services Group, Hong Kong Police Force, Hong Kong SAR, Hong Kong
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20
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Yew JM, Kueh YC, Norsa’adah B, Leong FW, Tang HY, Kuan G. A Path Model of the Relationship between Mood, Exercise Behavior, Coping, and Mental Health among Malaysians during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19105939. [PMID: 35627485 PMCID: PMC9141255 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19105939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the mood, physical activity, coping, and mental health of Malaysians during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted via an online survey, with self-administered questionnaires. The respondents were recruited using snowball sampling techniques. The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS), the Exercise Regulations in Exercise-3 (BREQ-3), the Brief Coping Orientation of Problem Experienced (Brief COPE), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were used. A path analysis was conducted on the data. A total of 842 people participated in the survey. The mean age of participants was 22 years (interquartile range = 6) and 24.0% were male. The final path model fitted the data well, with a comparative fit index of 0.998, a Tucker–Lewis index of 0.988, a standardized root mean square residual of 0.001, and a root mean square error of approximation of 0.072. In this study, there were significant path relationships between mood, exercise behavior, coping, and mental health. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the variables of mood, exercise behavior, and coping have both direct and indirect effects on mental health. The results also suggested that utilizing appropriate coping skills, exercise behavior, and positive mood can directly lower levels of depression, anxiety and stress, and that appropriate coping skills and positive mood can directly affect exercise behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Mun Yew
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.M.Y.); (B.N.)
| | - Yee Cheng Kueh
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.M.Y.); (B.N.)
- Correspondence: (Y.C.K.); (G.K.)
| | - Bachok Norsa’adah
- Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia; (J.M.Y.); (B.N.)
| | - Foo Weng Leong
- Department of Psychiatry, RCSI-UCD Malaysia Campus 4, Jalan Sepoy Lines, Georgetown 10450, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Heen Yeong Tang
- Access Hitech Automation Sdn. Bhd., Batu Maung 11960, Penang, Malaysia;
| | - Garry Kuan
- Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (Y.C.K.); (G.K.)
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21
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Matsuishi Y, Mathis BJ, Hoshino H, Enomoto Y, Shimojo N, Kawano S, Sakuramoto H, Inoue Y. PERSonality, Ehical, and PROfessional quality of life in Pediatric/Adult Intensive Nurses study: PERSEPRO PAIN study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0259721. [PMID: 35255088 PMCID: PMC8901072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The World Health Organization included burnout syndrome criteria that reduce both professional quality of life and work satisfaction in its 11th Revision of the International Classification of Diseases in 2019 while nursing bodies have issued action calls to prevent burnout syndrome. Despite this, the effect of social factors, personality traits and cross-interaction on professional quality of life is still unclear. AIM To reveal the association between ethical climate, personal trait and professional quality of life. METHOD An online survey of registered nurses working in adult, pediatric or both ICUs. We used the ten-item personality measure based on The Big Five theory and Type-D personality Scale-14 then measured the ethical climate with the Hospital Ethical Climate Survey and the professional domains of burnout syndrome, secondary traumatic stress and compassion satisfaction by the Professional Quality of Life Scale Version 5 simultaneously. Multivariate analysis confirmed the triangular association of hospital ethical climate, personality traits and professional quality of life. RESULT We enrolled 310 participants from September 2019 to February 2020. Mean age was 33.1 years (± 5.9) and about 70% were female. In the multivariate analysis, neuroticism (p = 0.03, p = 0.01) and Type D personality (both of p<0.01) were associated with burnout syndrome and secondary traumatic stress while agreeableness (p<0.01) was associated with secondary traumatic stress. Conversely, extraversion (p = 0.01), agreeableness (p<0.01) and openness (p<0.01) were associated with compassion satisfaction. We also observed interactions between hospital ethical climate and conscientiousness (p = 0.01) for burnout syndrome and secondary traumatic stress. Neuroticism was related to (p<0.01) BOS and compassion satisfaction while Type D personality (p<0.01) correlated with burnout syndrome and secondary traumatic stress. CONCLUSION Hospital ethical climate strongly affects professional quality of life in nurses with specific personality traits. Therefore, it is important to maintain an ethical hospital climate, considering individual personalities to prevent burnout syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Matsuishi
- Neuroscience Nursing, St. Luke’s International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Bryan J. Mathis
- International Medical Center, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Hoshino
- Adult Health Nursing, Department of Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare, Narita, Japan
| | - Yuki Enomoto
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Nobutake Shimojo
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawano
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Hideaki Sakuramoto
- Adult Health Nursing, College of Nursing, Ibaraki Christian University, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Inoue
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
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22
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Tremont G, Davis J, Ott BR, Uebelacker L, Kenney L, Gillette T, Britton K, Sanborn V. Feasibility of a Yoga Intervention for Individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2022; 28:250-260. [PMID: 35294301 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2021.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: Yoga is a potentially low risk intervention for cognitive impairment that combines mental and physical practice and includes instruction on breathing, stress reduction, and mindfulness meditation. Previous research documents that yoga can target modifiable risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) progression. The authors describe a randomized feasibility trial of yoga for individuals with MCI. Methods: Participants were 37 individuals with amnestic MCI who were randomly assigned to receive 12 weeks of twice-weekly yoga intervention (YI) or healthy living education (HLE) classes. Acceptability and feasibility were assessed by tracking adverse events, class attendance, and participant satisfaction. Participants completed neuropsychological and mood measures as well as measures of potential intervention mechanisms at baseline and immediately postintervention. Results: Participants in both conditions reported high levels of satisfaction and reasonable class attendance rates. Home practice rates were low. There were no adverse events deemed related to the YI. Results showed a medium effect size in favor of the YI in visuospatial skills. The yoga group also showed a large effect size indicating decline in perceived stress compared with the HLE group, whereas HLE resulted in greater reductions in depressive symptoms after the intervention (large effect size). Conclusions: Study findings indicated that the YI was safe, modestly feasible, and acceptable to older adults with MCI. The authors found preliminary evidence that yoga may improve visuospatial functioning in individuals with MCI. Results support stress reduction as a possible mechanism for the YI. Future studies should address a YI in a larger sample and include strategies to enhance engagement and home practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey Tremont
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jennifer Davis
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brian R Ott
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA.,Department of Neurology, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lisa Uebelacker
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Butler Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lauren Kenney
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tom Gillette
- Eyes of the World Yoga Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Karysa Britton
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Victoria Sanborn
- Department of Psychiatry, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
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Ericson H, Quennerstedt M, Geidne S. Physical activity as a health resource: a cross-sectional survey applying a salutogenic approach to what older adults consider meaningful in organised physical activity initiatives. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:858-874. [PMID: 34650835 PMCID: PMC8510608 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1986400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Examine health resources that physically active older adults consider meaningful when participating in physical activity initiatives. Health resources are protective factors, including attitudes, knowledge, material factors or social support, that potentially enable people to understand and make sense of their lives or to cope with life stressors. Design and main outcome measures A cross-sectional quantitative study was conducted with two questionnaires used to serve as a compiled ‘ageing well’ survey: the Salutogenic Physical Activity Health Resources Questionnaire (SPAHRQ) and the short form of the Sense of Coherence questionnaire, SOC-13. Results The study included 372 participants ranging from 60 to 96 years of age (mean age: 74.4 ± 7 years; 60% women). Social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants. Social relations were the most meaningful health resource for both men and women (89%). Women rated positive energy as a significantly more important consequence of their participation in physical activity than men (W 88%, M 72%; p = .001). The three health resources that were considered less important were capability in and about physical activity, self-worth and identity as an exercising person. Those who were more physically active considered social relations, self-worth and the habit of exercising to a higher extent. Participants with higher sense of coherence consider the habit of exercising to a greater extent to be important. Conclusions Findings that social relations, positive energy, the habit of exercising and embodied satisfaction were considered important by more than 70% of the participants, can contribute to a wider understanding of health resources that older adults consider meaningful in their participation in organised physical activity initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Ericson
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Mikael Quennerstedt
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Susanna Geidne
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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24
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Meyer K, Patel N, White C. The relationship between perceived support and depression in spousal care partners: a dyadic approach. Aging Ment Health 2021; 25:1830-1838. [PMID: 33089703 PMCID: PMC8060363 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2020.1836474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Caregiving within a spousal partnership marks a novel relationship stage for couples. Caregiving introduces new stressors and affects couples' ability to cope, and potentially alters perceptions of emotional support. Prior research on older married couples illustrates how perceived support not only affects an individual's mental health, but also that of their partner. To date, the dyadic relationship between emotional support and mental health is largely unexamined among caregiving partners, where support expectations may differ. METHOD Actor partner interdependence models using linear mixed modeling were applied to data from spouses where one partner received caregiving within the 2014 and 2016 waves of the Health and Retirement Study. We examined the cross-sectional and lagged associations between perceived emotional support and strain from a spouse on actor and partner depression scores, as well as whether one was the caregiver or the care recipient moderated associations. RESULTS More positive perceptions of support were associated with lower depression scores for oneself (b= -0.55, p < 0.001) and one's partner (b= -0.24, p < 0.001). Actor effects-how one's own perceptions of support associate with one's own depressive symptomology-were stronger for care recipients than for caregivers (b= -0.83, p < 0.001 v. b= -0.26, p < 0.05). Higher perceptions of strain were also associated with higher depression scores for oneself (b = 0.57, p < 0.001) and one's partner (b = 0.39, p < 0.001), associations that remained even in lagged models. CONCLUSIONS The observation of both actor and partner effects in this study suggests opportunities to improve care recipient outcomes through intervention with caregivers or both members of the care dyad.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Meyer
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
| | - Neela Patel
- Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer’s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
| | - Carole White
- School of Nursing, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, United States
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25
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Wong CK, Mak RY, Kwok TS, Tsang JS, Leung MY, Funabashi M, Macedo LG, Dennett L, Wong AY. Prevalence, Incidence, and Factors Associated With Non-Specific Chronic Low Back Pain in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. THE JOURNAL OF PAIN 2021; 23:509-534. [PMID: 34450274 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is common among older adults. This systematic review aimed to summarize: (1) the prevalence and incidence of CLBP in older adults, and (2) demographic, psychological, and clinical factors positively/negatively associated with prevalence/incidence of CLBP among older adults. Four databases were searched to identify relevant publications. Ten studies (31,080 older adults) were included after being screened by 5 independent reviewers using predetermined criteria. The methodological quality of these studies was evaluated by standardized tools. The quality of evidence for all factors were appraised by modified GRADE for cohort studies. Twenty-eight and 1 factors were associated with a higher prevalence and a lower 5-year cumulative incidence of CLBP, respectively. No prognostic factor was identified. There was very limited to limited evidence that females, obesity, anxiety, depression, mental disorders, self-expectation of recovery, self-perceived health status, lifestyle (smoking, daily fluoride consumption), previous falls or lower body injury, retirement/disability due to ill health, family history of body pain, comorbidity (knee osteoarthritis, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with/without hypertension), weak abdominal muscles, leg pain, leg pain intensity, widespread pain, pain interference on functioning, use of pain medication, occupational exposure (driving for >20 years, or jobs involving bending/twisting for >10 years), disc space narrowing and severe facet osteoarthritis were significantly related to a higher prevalence of CLBP in older adults. However, very limited evidence suggested that intermediate level of leisure-time physical activity was associated with a lower prevalence of CLBP in older adults. Given the aging population and limited information regarding risk factors for CLBP in older adults, future high-quality prospective studies should identify relevant risk factors to help develop proper preventive and treatment strategies. PERSPECTIVE: Despite the high prevalence of non-specific chronic low back pain among older adults, there is only very limited to limited evidence regarding factors associated with a higher prevalence of chronic low back pain in this population. Given the aging population, high-quality prospective studies are warranted to address this gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Kw Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Rebecca Yw Mak
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Terence Sy Kwok
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Joshua Sh Tsang
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Marco Yc Leung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Martha Funabashi
- Division of Research and Innovation, Canadian Memorial of Chiropractic College, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Chiropractic, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Luciana G Macedo
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liz Dennett
- Scott Health Sciences Library, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Arnold Yl Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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26
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Hidalgo JLT, Sotos JR. Effectiveness of Physical Exercise in Older Adults With Mild to Moderate Depression. Ann Fam Med 2021; 19:302-309. [PMID: 34264835 PMCID: PMC8282290 DOI: 10.1370/afm.2670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to compare the effectiveness of physical exercise with that of treatment with antidepressant drugs routinely used in clinical practice, in terms of decreasing depressive symptomatology in patients aged ≥65 years who present with clinical criteria of a depressive episode. METHODS We conducted a randomized clinical trial in a primary care setting. A total of 347 patients aged ≥65 years with a clinically significant depressive episode were randomized to participation in a supervised physical exercise program or to receive antidepressant treatment by their general practitioners. RESULTS Intention-to-treat analysis showed that the cumulative incidence of improvement in depressive symptomatology (Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale score <10) in the physical activity (PA) group after 1 month was not significantly different from that in the antidepressant treatment (AT) group. However, the proportion of those who showed improvement was significantly greater (P <.01) in the AT group (60.6% and 49.7%) compared to the PA group (45.6% and 32.9%) at the end of 3 and 6 months, respectively. The number of withdrawals was greater in the PA group (39.2% and 58.2%) compared to the AT group (22.6% and 40.0%) at 3 and 6 months, respectively, yet the proportion of participants with adverse side effects was greater in the AT group (8.9% vs 22.5%; P = .007). CONCLUSION Although improvement was initially similar in both treatment groups, AT was superior in the medium term, despite giving rise to a greater number of adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús López-Torres Hidalgo
- Albacete Zone VIII Health Center, Albacete, Spain .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Castile-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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27
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The Effect of a Mixed Circuit of Aerobic and Resistance Training on Body Composition in Older Adults-Retrospective Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115608. [PMID: 34073970 PMCID: PMC8197305 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is inevitably associated with body composition changes, such as loss of muscle mass, increase in the total fat mass, and unfavorable reduction of subcutaneous fat. Physical activity exerts significant effects on the body composition. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of two different weekly doses of resistance-aerobic training on the body composition in older people. The study consisted in a retrospective data analysis of fitness club members aged ≥60. The trainees participated in resistance-aerobic training sessions two or three times/week for a minimum of two months. A body composition analysis was performed before and after the training sessions. Group 1 (36 subjects) and Group 2 (28 subjects) had two and three training sessions/week, respectively. A higher skeletal muscle mass was found in Group 1 and lower waist-hip-ratio indices were observed in Group 2. No statistically significant differences were found in the body mass, skeletal muscle mass, fat mass, total body water, lean mass, body mass index, visceral fat area between both groups. The number of training session/week proved to be statistically insignificant for all investigated variables. Resistance-aerobic training with two sessions/week may be as effective in maintaining proper body composition in older people as the same training at the dose of three sessions/week.
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28
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Xu D, Simpson VL. Subjective Well-Being, Depression, and Delays in Care Among Older Adults: Dual-Eligible Versus Medicare-Only Beneficiaries. J Appl Gerontol 2021; 41:158-166. [PMID: 33736521 DOI: 10.1177/07334648211000920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We aimed to (a) determine the role of subjective well-being and depression in care delays among Medicare beneficiaries and (b) examine whether subjective well-being and depression play a differential role among Medicare-only and dual-eligible beneficiaries. A nationally representative sample of 1,696 older adults participated in the study. Roughly, 22% of participants reported often or sometimes experiencing care delays, with more delays among dual eligibles. We found that higher levels of subjective well-being were significantly related to less frequent care delays. In contrast, higher levels of depression were significantly related to more frequent care delays. Moreover, as depression increased, the predicted probability of delays increased to a greater extent among dual eligibles than Medicare-only beneficiaries. These findings signify the importance of identifying and implementing strategies to enhance subjective well-being and reduce depression in older adults, particularly dual eligibles, to improve access to timely care.
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29
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Ren Y, Tang R, Sun H, Li X. Intervention Effect of Group Reminiscence Therapy in Combination with Physical Exercise in Improving Spiritual Well-Being of the Elderly. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 50:531-539. [PMID: 34178800 PMCID: PMC8214600 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v50i3.5594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background To explore the intervention degree and improvement effect of group reminiscence therapy in combination with physical exercise on spiritual well-being of the elderly after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic. Methodology In 2020, overall, 130 elderly people were selected from communities in Xiangtan City and Changsha City of Hunan Province, China and randomly divided into two groups, with 65 people in each group. One group was the experimental group that participated in the exercise intervention for 8 weeks as the objects of group reminiscence therapy intervention in combination with physical exercise. The other group was the control group that listened to 4 routine health lectures. Spirituality Index of Well-Being, ULS Loneliness Scale and Brief Resilience Scale were used to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results Before the intervention, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group, but after 8 weeks of exercise intervention, the score of loneliness was lower in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05), the scores of spiritual well-being and resilience were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05); and the differences before and after the intervention were significantly higher in the experimental group than the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Group reminiscence therapy in combination with physical exercise could improve spiritual well-being and mental health of the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ren
- Physical Education Institute, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Xiangtan Medicine & Health Vocational College, Xiangtan, Hunan, 411005, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Physical Education Institute, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
| | - Xin Li
- Physical Education Institute, Hunan First Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, 410205, China
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30
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Liang W, Duan Y, Shang B, Hu C, Baker JS, Lin Z, He J, Wang Y. Precautionary Behavior and Depression in Older Adults during the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Online Cross-Sectional Study in Hubei, China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18041853. [PMID: 33672885 PMCID: PMC7918441 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18041853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The large-scale COVID-19 pandemic has not only resulted in the risk of death but also augmented the levels of depression in community-dwelling older adults. The present study aimed to investigate the characteristics of depression in Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic, to examine the association of individual precautionary behavior with older adults’ depression levels, and to identify the moderating role of socioeconomic indicators in the aforementioned association. Five hundred and sixteen older adults were recruited from five cities of Hubei province in China. They were asked to complete an online questionnaire survey. Results showed that 30.8% of participants indicated a significant depressive symptom during the pandemic. Older adults’ depression levels differed significantly in marital status, living situation, education level, household income, subjective health status, and infected cases of acquaintances. Precautionary behavior change showed significant inverse associations with older adults’ depression levels, where household income moderated this relationship. This is the first study to investigate the characteristics, behavioral correlates, and moderators of depression among Chinese older adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Research findings may provide new insights into interventions and policy-making on individual precautionary behavior and mental health among older adults for future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liang
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yanping Duan
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
- Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, College of Health Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
- Correspondence:
| | - Borui Shang
- Department of Kinesiology, Hebei Institute of Physical Education, Shijiazhuang 050000, China;
| | - Chun Hu
- Student Mental Health Education Center, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710000, China;
| | - Julien Steven Baker
- Center for Health and Exercise Science Research, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (W.L.); (J.S.B.)
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhihua Lin
- Sport Section, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China;
| | - Jiali He
- Wuhan Institute of Physical Education, College of Health Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
| | - Yanping Wang
- The National Physical Fitness Lab, Hubei Institute of Sport Sciences, Wuhan 430000, China;
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31
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Kim YM, Cho SI. Regular Exercise and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18010303. [PMID: 33401610 PMCID: PMC7796424 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18010303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Prior studies have found that exercise has a positive effect on depressive symptoms in the general population. For older individuals, however, the association between exercise and depressive symptoms is conclusive. We examined whether regular exercise is related to depressive symptoms in 5379 Korean adults aged ≥55 years using data from a 2016 survey administered in the Korean Longitudinal Study of Aging. We used the 10-item Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression scale to assess depressive symptoms. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to investigate the relationship between regular exercise and depressive symptoms, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics, self-rated health, number of chronic diseases, body mass index, hand-grip strength, physical disability, cognitive impairment, and health behavior. Interaction terms, including regular exercise and health-related factors, were also added. We found that a lack of regular exercise was significantly related to an increased frequency of depressive symptoms (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03–1.35). Moreover, hand-grip strength may increase the effect of regular exercise on depressive symptoms in individuals 65 years and older (OR = 1.01 vs. 1.70, 95% CI = 1.05–1.96). Our results suggest that it is important to encourage older individuals to exercise regularly as a means of relieving depressive symptoms.
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32
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Wilkins SS, Melrose RJ, Hall KS, Blanchard E, Castle SC, Kopp T, Katzel LI, Holder A, Alexander N, McDonald MKS, Tayade A, Forman DE, Abbate LM, Harris R, Valencia WM, Morey MC, Lee CC. PTSD Improvement Associated with Social Connectedness in Gerofit Veterans Exercise Program. J Am Geriatr Soc 2020; 69:1045-1050. [PMID: 33368144 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.16973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is common in Veterans. Symptoms can perpetuate into late life, negatively impacting physical and mental health. Exercise and social support are beneficial in treating anxiety disorders such as PTSD in the general population, although less is known about the impact on Veterans who have lived with PTSD for decades. This study assessed associations between social connectedness, physical function and self-reported change in PTSD symptoms among older Veterans specifically participating in Gerofit. DESIGN Prospective clinical intervention. SETTING Twelve sites of Veterans Affairs (VA) Gerofit exercise program across the United States. PARTICIPANTS Three hundred and twenty one older Veteran Gerofit participants (mean age = 74) completed physical assessments and questionnaires regarding physical and emotional symptoms and their experience. MEASUREMENTS Measures of physical function, including 30-second chair stands, 10-m and 6-min walk were assessed at baseline and 3 months; change in PTSD symptoms based on the Diagnostic Statistical Manual-5 (DSM-5) assessed by a self-report questionnaire; and social connection measured by the Relatedness Subscale of the Psychological Need Satisfaction in Exercise scale (PNSE) were evaluated after 3 months of participation in Gerofit. RESULTS Ninety five (29.6%) Veterans reported PTSD. Significant improvement was noted in self-rated PTSD symptoms at 3 months (P < .05). Moderate correlation (r = .44) was found between social connectedness with other participants in Gerofit and PTSD symptom improvement for those Veterans who endorsed improvement (n = 59). All participants improved on measures of physical function. In Veterans who endorsed PTSD there were no significant associations between physical function improvement and PTSD symptoms. CONCLUSION Veterans with PTSD that participated in Gerofit group exercise reported symptom improvement, and social connectedness was significantly associated with this improvement. In addition to physical health benefits, the social context of Gerofit may offer a potential resource for improving PTSD symptoms in older Veterans that warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy Schantz Wilkins
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Mental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Rebecca J Melrose
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Mental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Katherine S Hall
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Erin Blanchard
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Mental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Steven C Castle
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Mental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Teresa Kopp
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, VA Medical Center, Canandaigua, New York, USA
| | - Leslie I Katzel
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical Center, VA Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice Holder
- Department of Physical Therapy, VA Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Neil Alexander
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michelle K S McDonald
- Geriatric Rehabilitation and Clinical Center, VA Pacific Health Care System, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Arti Tayade
- Geriatrics and Extended Care, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, Washington, USA.,Division of Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Daniel E Forman
- Pittsburgh Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Lauren M Abbate
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Rebekah Harris
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Willy M Valencia
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Miami Healthcare System, Florida, USA.,University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Miriam C Morey
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, VA Health Care System, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence Center, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cathy C Lee
- VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System; Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center and Mental Health, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Md Zemberi NFN, Ismail MM, Abdullah MFIL. Exercise Interventions as the Primary Treatment for Depression: Evidence from a Narrative Review. Malays J Med Sci 2020; 27:5-23. [PMID: 33154698 PMCID: PMC7605827 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.5.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing evidence supporting the efficacy of exercise interventions in the treatment of depression, which is a growing global health concern. However, data on the efficacy of exercise as the primary treatment for depression are scarce. This narrative review explored the efficacy of exercise interventions as the primary treatment for depressive disorders. A comprehensive search for English-language literature published between January 1965 and November 2019 was conducted via PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane database and Medline. Thirteen randomised control trials (RCTs) were included in the final analysis. Their results indicated that supervised aerobic exercise and high-intensity progressive resistance training (PRT) were effective in ameliorating depressive symptoms as the primary treatment compared with control groups, but they were not superior to other active treatments, such as antidepressants and cognitive behavioural therapy. Aerobic exercise and high-intensity PRT may be a promising primary treatment for depression as they may induce biopsychosocial effects (effects on neurotrophic factor, pro-inflammatory cytokines, monoamine, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, self-efficacy, mastery experience, adaptive coping and social interaction), which may ameliorate the severity of depressive symptoms. However, future RCTs with more comprehensive and well-designed methodologies are warranted to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Fatin Nabilah Md Zemberi
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Mokhzani Ismail
- Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
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Jakubowska K, Wysokiński M, Chruściel P. Place of Residence and Marital Status as Variables Differentiating a Sense of Self-Efficacy in the Elderly-A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Survey. Healthcare (Basel) 2020; 8:healthcare8030300. [PMID: 32858817 PMCID: PMC7551759 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8030300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies on the self-efficacy of the elderly are still being conducted to a very limited extent. Nevertheless, they can provide relevant information for specialists to use in many disciplines of science, as well as for practitioners, especially gerontologists, geriatricians, psychologists and other people associated with prophylaxis and health promotion. The aim of the study is to assess the impact of the place of residence and marital status on the self-efficacy in the elderly. Methods: A diagnostic survey method was used for the study and within the method, the authors' sociodemographic data questionnaire and the generalized self-efficacy scale (GSES) were applied. The study was carried out in a group of 171 females and 130 males under nursing care in the home environment or in nursing-home care in Poland. Results: The average level of generalized sense of self-efficacy in the research cohort was M = 26.69, SD = 8.49. A relatively high percentage of the group (48.9%) showed a sense of self-efficacy at a high level. The level of a sense of self-efficacy was low in 38.2% of the cohort, while its average intensity in the remaining ones constituted 12.9% of the total. A statistically significant impact of a place of residence (Z = -2.940; p = 0.003) and marital status (H = 12.000; p = 0.007) on the sense of efficacy in the research cohort was proven in favor of those from the rural environment and the respondents having spouses. Conclusions: On the scale of the studied group, the results of a sense of self-efficacy are optimistic, as older people with high levels predominated. However, the results of the cohort whose self-efficacy is insufficient to cope with their old age should be considered carefully, especially in the case of lonely people living in the urban environment and NHC (nursing-home care) residents.
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Bryant C, Brown L, Polacsek M, Batchelor F, Capon H, Dow B. Volunteer-led behavioural activation to reduce depression in residential care: a feasibility study. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2020; 6:95. [PMID: 32670597 PMCID: PMC7341647 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-020-00640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Symptoms of depression are highly prevalent and under-treated in residential aged care facilities. Behavioural activation is a simple, cost-effective psychosocial intervention that might be appropriate to help reduce depression and improve well-being in this setting. The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility and efficacy of an 8-week, volunteer-led behavioural activation intervention designed for depressed aged care residents. Method This feasibility study employed a single-arm design, where outcomes were measured at baseline, post-intervention and 3-month follow-up. Aged care residents with depressive symptoms were invited to participate, and healthy volunteers were trained to deliver the intervention. Intervention feasibility was assessed on six a priori-determined domains. Depression, anxiety and flourishing were included as outcomes using intention-to-treat analysis. Result Seventeen aged care residents with depressive symptoms and 13 volunteers were successfully recruited within the expected 6-month timeframe. Both residents and volunteers were satisfied with the intervention (7/8), and there was a high (87%) completion rate. The intervention was associated with a large and statistically significant reduction in resident depressive symptoms, d = − 1.14, with the effect increasing to d = 2.82 when comparing baseline to 3-month follow-up. Anxiety reduced from mild symptoms at baseline mean = 6.17 (5.12) to the subclinical range post-intervention, mean = 3.53 (4.29) (g = 0.61, p = 0.03). Conclusion This 8-week volunteer-led behavioural activation intervention was found to be feasible and acceptable to depressed aged care residents. The intervention was effective in ameliorating depression. A larger randomized controlled trial is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bryant
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, 12th Floor, Redmond Barry Building, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Lydia Brown
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, 12th Floor, Redmond Barry Building, Parkville, VIC Australia.,North Eastern Rehabilitation Centre, Healthscope Hospitals, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Meg Polacsek
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Frances Batchelor
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC Australia.,School of Physiotherapy, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Hannah Capon
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC Australia
| | - Briony Dow
- National Ageing Research Institute, Parkville, VIC Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC Australia
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Jeon SW, Kim JY. An exploration of the knowledge structure in studies on old people physical activities in Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation: by semantic network analysis. J Exerc Rehabil 2020; 16:69-77. [PMID: 32161737 PMCID: PMC7056484 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2040010.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Physical activity, a key component of maintaining health, is becoming an essential alternative in reducing medical expenses for the old people. This research was intended to analyze 51 research papers published in the Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation (JER) through semantic network analysis. The subjects of the study were the keywords that the authors of each paper used in journal search sites from 2013 to 2019. The present researcher analyzed the frequency, density, and centrality of the keywords of the indicators through semantic network analysis and then visualized them on the basis of findings using UCINET6 and the NetDraw program. Also, the researcher classified the hidden clusters by CONCOR (Convergence of iterated Correlations) analysis, which is a kind of cluster analysis. As a result, it was found that the keyword with the highest frequency was “exercise,” followed by “cognition, “physicalactivity,” “old-women,” “Korean,” “fall,” and “training.” It was also found that most of the high-frequency keywords, such as “exercise,” “cognition,” “old-women,” “program” and “depression” had high centrality. These keywords were classified into four clusters: (a) mental health research, (b) physical health research, (c) social behavior research, and (d) leisure efficacy research. This suggests that the old people-related research papers published in the JER have derived effective methods of maintaining physical and mental health using scientific exercise programs, and especially address the effects of exercise intervention for old women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Wan Jeon
- Exercise Rehabilitation Convergence Institute, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ji-Youn Kim
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation & Welfare, College of Health Science, Gachon University, Incheon, Korea
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Comparative effectiveness of three exercise types to treat clinical depression in older adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 58:100999. [PMID: 31837462 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2019.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Revised: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have directly compared the effects of different exercise therapies on clinical depression in older adults. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis of current evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to compare the effectiveness of three major exercise types (aerobic, resistance, and mind-body exercise) in clinically depressed older adults. METHODS We followed PRISMA-NMA guidelines and searched databases for eligible RCTs (inception - September 12th, 2019). RCTs were eligible if they included clinically depressed adults aged >65 years, implemented one or more exercise therapy arms using aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise, and assessed depressive symptoms at baseline and follow-up using a validated clinical questionnaire. RESULTS A network meta-analysis was performed on 15 eligible RCTs comprising 596 participants (321 treatment and 275 controls), including aerobic (n = 6), resistance (n = 5), and mind-body (n = 4) exercise trials. Compared with controls, mind-body exercise showed the largest improvement on depressive symptoms (g = -0.87 to -1.38), followed by aerobic exercise (g = -0.51 to -1.02), and resistance exercise (g = -0.41 to -0.92). Notably, there were no statistically significant differences between exercise types: aerobic versus resistance (g = -0.10, PrI = -2.23, 2.03), mind-body versus aerobic (g = -0.36, PrI = -2.69, 1.97), or mind-body versus resistance (g = -0.46, PrI = -2.75, 1.83). CONCLUSIONS These findings should guide optimal exercise prescription for allied health professionals and stakeholders in clinical geriatrics. Notably, clinically depressed older adults may be encouraged to self-select their preferred exercise type in order to achieve therapeutic benefit on symptoms of depression. In coalition with high levels of compliance, these data provide encouraging evidence for the antidepressant effect of either aerobic, resistance, or mind-body exercise as effective treatment adjucts for older adults presenting with clinical depression.
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Kim MJ, Tsutsumimoto K, Doi T, Nakakubo S, Kurita S, Makizako H, Shimada H. Relationships between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive function in older adults with depressive symptoms: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032679. [PMID: 32071175 PMCID: PMC7044867 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to elucidate the associations between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive function in an older population stratified by having or not having depressive symptoms. DESIGN A retrospective cross-sectional study based on a self-report questionnaire. SETTING Annual health check-ups in a rural community in Japan. PARTICIPANTS A total of 11 010 community-dwelling older adults aged ≥65 years (mean age: 74.0±5.4 years) was examined. Participants with missing data for the main outcome (n=1630) were excluded. OUTCOME MEASURES Cognitive impairment was defined as at least 1.5 SD below the reference threshold (age-adjusted and education-adjusted score) on two of more of the tests in the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool. Depressive symptoms were defined by a 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale score ≥6. We assessed the frequency of participation in cognitive leisure activities using the validated scale (score: 0-42). A score of ≥8 points was defined as frequent participation in cognitive leisure activities. RESULTS A total of 12.6% (n=1186) of the participants had depressive symptoms. There was a significant association between cognitive leisure activities and cognitive impairment in older adults (adjusted OR=0.77, 95% CI=0.65 to 0.94). In older adults with depressive symptoms, a higher frequency of cognitive leisure activities was negatively associated with cognitive impairment (adjusted OR=0.45, 95% CI=0.28 to 0.70). In contrast, there was no significant association in older adults without depressive symptoms (adjusted OR=0.85, 95% CI=0.70 to 1.02). CONCLUSIONS Engaging in cognitive leisure activities in late life is associated with better cognitive function in older adults with depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ji Kim
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kota Tsutsumimoto
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takehiko Doi
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Sho Nakakubo
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kurita
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hyuma Makizako
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shimada
- Department of Preventive Gerontology, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, Japan
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