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Johnson J, Pointon L, Talbot R, Coleman R, Budworth L, Simms-Ellis R, Vogt K, Tsimpida D, Biyani CS, Harrison R, Cheung G, Melville C, Jayagopal V, Lea W. Reboot coaching programme: a mixed-methods evaluation assessing resilience, confidence, burnout and depression in medical students. Scott Med J 2024; 69:10-17. [PMID: 38050379 PMCID: PMC10986146 DOI: 10.1177/00369330231213981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor mental health in medical students is a global concern. Effective interventions are required, which are tailored towards the training-related stressors medical students experience. The Reboot coaching programme is an online, tailored intervention based on cognitive-behavioural principles. AIMS To evaluate whether the Reboot coaching programme tailored for medical students was feasible and associated with improvements in mental health outcome indicators. METHODS Medical students participated in two group online workshops and a one-to-one coaching call with a Reboot-trained licensed psychological therapist. Participants provided data at: baseline (T1), post-workshops (T2), post-coaching call (T3) and 4-month follow-up (T4). Outcome measures included resilience, confidence, burnout and depression. Feedback was provided regarding the workshops at T2. RESULTS 115 participants (93/80.9% women; mage = 23.9; SD = 2.8) were recruited, 83 (72.2%) completed all intervention elements and 82 (71.3%) provided T4 data, surpassing recruitment and retention targets. There were significant improvements following baseline in resilience (ps < .001), confidence (ps < .001), burnout (ps < .001) and depression (ps ≤ .001). Most participants agreed the workshops imparted useful skills (n = 92; 99%) and would recommend Reboot to others (n = 89; 95.6%). CONCLUSIONS Existing interventions have produced mixed results regarding their effectiveness in improving medical students' mental health. Reboot is a feasible intervention in this group which is associated with improvements in resilience, confidence, burnout and depression. Further controlled studies of Reboot are now needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Johnson
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Yorkshire Quality and Safety Research Group, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lucy Pointon
- School of Justice, Security and Sustainability, Staffordshire University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, UK
| | | | | | - Luke Budworth
- Yorkshire Quality and Safety Research Group, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Ruth Simms-Ellis
- Yorkshire Quality and Safety Research Group, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Katharina Vogt
- School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
- Yorkshire Quality and Safety Research Group, Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK
| | - Dialechti Tsimpida
- Department of Public Health, Policy and Systems, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chandra Shekha Biyani
- Department of Urology, St James's University Hospital, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Reema Harrison
- Centre for Health Systems and Safety Research, Australian Institute of Health Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Gloria Cheung
- Hull York Medical School, University Road, Heslington, York, UK
| | - Colin Melville
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester University, Manchester, UK
| | - Vijay Jayagopal
- Hull York Medical School, University Road, Heslington, York, UK
- York Hospital, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Clifton, York, UK
| | - William Lea
- Hull York Medical School, University Road, Heslington, York, UK
- York Hospital, York and Scarborough Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Clifton, York, UK
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Clarke JJ, Talbot R, Holmes K, Wild J, Ashley J, McEvoy PM. Social anxiety, behavioural activation and depression risk in older men: protection through Men's Shed membership. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad180. [PMID: 38150221 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Reducing rates of depressive symptoms in older adults is a public health priority. Men's Sheds are a community organisation that may protect against depressive symptoms in older men. It is currently unclear how social anxiety and behavioural activation may relate to depressive symptoms for Men's Shed members. We employed a cross-sectional design to explore whether the relationships between social anxiety, behavioural activation and depressive symptoms were contingent upon Shed social network quality in a sample of 164 Men's Shed members. Conditional effects analysis found social anxiety (B = -0.08, p < 0.01) and behavioural activation's (B = 0.02, p < 0.001) relationships with depression to be contingent on Shed social network quality. Additionally, we found evidence for a conditional effect of social anxiety on the relationship between behavioural activation and depression (B = -0.03, p < 0.01) such that this relationship was stronger for those with higher levels of social anxiety. Our findings suggest that a strong social network within a Men's Shed weakens the association between social anxiety and depression, that the relationship between behavioural activation and depression is stronger in those with poorer Shed social networks, and that the relationship between behavioural activation and depression may be stronger for those with higher levels of social anxiety. We suggest that our findings contribute to increasing quantitative support for the mental health benefits of Men's Shed membership, highlight the potential importance of Shed social network quality and explore how social anxiety may affect the mental health outcomes for members.
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Affiliation(s)
- James J Clarke
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Talbot
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kirsten Holmes
- School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Wild
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jaxon Ashley
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Peter M McEvoy
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Interventions, North Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Thomson S, Ainsworth G, Selvanathan S, Kelly R, Collier H, Mujica-Mota R, Talbot R, Brown ST, Croft J, Rousseau N, Higham R, Al-Tamimi Y, Buxton N, Carleton-Bland N, Gledhill M, Halstead V, Hutchinson P, Meacock J, Mukerji N, Pal D, Vargas-Palacios A, Prasad A, Wilby M, Stocken D. Posterior cervical foraminotomy versus anterior cervical discectomy for Cervical Brachialgia: the FORVAD RCT. Health Technol Assess 2023; 27:1-228. [PMID: 37929307 PMCID: PMC10641711 DOI: 10.3310/otoh7720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Posterior cervical foraminotomy and anterior cervical discectomy are routinely used operations to treat cervical brachialgia, although definitive evidence supporting superiority of either is lacking. Objective The primary objective was to investigate whether or not posterior cervical foraminotomy is superior to anterior cervical discectomy in improving clinical outcome. Design This was a Phase III, unblinded, prospective, United Kingdom multicentre, parallel-group, individually randomised controlled superiority trial comparing posterior cervical foraminotomy with anterior cervical discectomy. A rapid qualitative study was conducted during the close-down phase, involving remote semistructured interviews with trial participants and health-care professionals. Setting National Health Service trusts. Participants Patients with symptomatic unilateral cervical brachialgia for at least 6 weeks. Interventions Participants were randomised to receive posterior cervical foraminotomy or anterior cervical discectomy. Allocation was not blinded to participants, medical staff or trial staff. Health-care use from providing the initial surgical intervention to hospital discharge was measured and valued using national cost data. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was clinical outcome, as measured by patient-reported Neck Disability Index score 52 weeks post operation. Secondary outcome measures included complications, reoperations and restricted American Spinal Injury Association score over 6 weeks post operation, and patient-reported Eating Assessment Tool-10 items, Glasgow-Edinburgh Throat Scale, Voice Handicap Index-10 items, PainDETECT and Numerical Rating Scales for neck and upper-limb pain over 52 weeks post operation. Results The target recruitment was 252 participants. Owing to slow accrual, the trial closed after randomising 23 participants from 11 hospitals. The qualitative substudy found that there was support and enthusiasm for the posterior cervical FORaminotomy Versus Anterior cervical Discectomy in the treatment of cervical brachialgia trial and randomised clinical trials in this area. However, clinical equipoise appears to have been an issue for sites and individual surgeons. Randomisation on the day of surgery and processes for screening and approaching participants were also crucial factors in some centres. The median Neck Disability Index scores at baseline (pre surgery) and at 52 weeks was 44.0 (interquartile range 36.0-62.0 weeks) and 25.3 weeks (interquartile range 20.0-42.0 weeks), respectively, in the posterior cervical foraminotomy group (n = 14), and 35.6 weeks (interquartile range 34.0-44.0 weeks) and 45.0 weeks (interquartile range 20.0-57.0 weeks), respectively, in the anterior cervical discectomy group (n = 9). Scores appeared to reduce (i.e. improve) in the posterior cervical foraminotomy group, but not in the anterior cervical discectomy group. The median Eating Assessment Tool-10 items score for swallowing was higher (worse) after anterior cervical discectomy (13.5) than after posterior cervical foraminotomy (0) on day 1, but not at other time points, whereas the median Glasgow-Edinburgh Throat Scale score for globus was higher (worse) after anterior cervical discectomy (15, 7, 6, 6, 2, 2.5) than after posterior cervical foraminotomy (3, 0, 0, 0.5, 0, 0) at all postoperative time points. Five postoperative complications occurred within 6 weeks of surgery, all after anterior cervical discectomy. Neck pain was more severe on day 1 following posterior cervical foraminotomy (Numerical Rating Scale - Neck Pain score 8.5) than at the same time point after anterior cervical discectomy (Numerical Rating Scale - Neck Pain score 7.0). The median health-care costs of providing initial surgical intervention were £2610 for posterior cervical foraminotomy and £4411 for anterior cervical discectomy. Conclusions The data suggest that posterior cervical foraminotomy is associated with better outcomes, fewer complications and lower costs, but the trial recruited slowly and closed early. Consequently, the trial is underpowered and definitive conclusions cannot be drawn. Recruitment was impaired by lack of individual equipoise and by concern about randomising on the day of surgery. A large prospective multicentre trial comparing anterior cervical discectomy and posterior cervical foraminotomy in the treatment of cervical brachialgia is still required. Trial registration This trial is registered as ISRCTN10133661. Funding This project was funded by the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Technology Assessment programme and will be published in full in Health Technology Assessment; Vol. 27, No. 21. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Thomson
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Gemma Ainsworth
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Rachel Kelly
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Howard Collier
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Rebecca Talbot
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Tess Brown
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Julie Croft
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Nikki Rousseau
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Ruchi Higham
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Yahia Al-Tamimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK
| | - Neil Buxton
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Martin Gledhill
- Department of Speech and Language Therapy, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Peter Hutchinson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - James Meacock
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Nitin Mukerji
- Department of Neurosurgery, The James Cook University Hospital, South Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Middlesbrough, UK
| | - Debasish Pal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | | | - Anantharaju Prasad
- Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
| | - Martin Wilby
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Deborah Stocken
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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McEvoy PM, Holmes K, Smith BJ, Bullen J, Chiu VW, Wild J, Ashley J, Talbot R. Pathways from Men's Shed engagement to wellbeing, health-related quality of life, and lower loneliness. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:daad084. [PMID: 37584668 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daad084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Extensive qualitative evidence, but limited quantitative evidence, indicates that mutual aid organizations such as Men's Sheds have positive impacts on wellbeing, health-related quality of life, and loneliness. A recently developed theoretical model proposes that Men's Sheds may have these impacts via mediating factors such as broadening social networks, increasing behavioural activation and physical activity, reducing alcohol use, and providing meaning in life. The aim of this study was to quantitatively test a model whereby psychological safety (feeling safe, accepted, and valued) is associated with Men's Shed engagement (frequency of attendance, duration of membership, diversity of activities), which is associated with the hypothesized mediators, which, in turn, are associated with wellbeing, health-related quality of life, and loneliness. Men's Shed members (N = 333, Mage = 70.90 years, SD = 10.34, 98% male) completed a survey assessing the factors in the model. The hypothesized path model provided an excellent fit to the data. Findings indicated that higher psychological safety was associated with higher engagement, which, in turn, was associated with larger social networks and more meaning in life, which were associated with higher wellbeing and lower loneliness. Higher behavioural activation and less alcohol use were also associated with higher wellbeing. Higher Men's Shed engagement was not associated with higher behavioural activation and physical activity, or less alcohol use, but behavioural activation and alcohol use were directly associated with health-related quality of life. Implications for optimizing health outcomes within Men's Sheds are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter M McEvoy
- School of Population Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Interventions, North Metropolitan Health Service, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kirsten Holmes
- School of Management and Marketing, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Brendan J Smith
- School of Population Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jonathan Bullen
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Vivian W Chiu
- School of Population Health, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- enAble Institute, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - James Wild
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Jaxon Ashley
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rebecca Talbot
- Men's Sheds of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Harnden A, Huckvale R, Cheung K, Davis O, Pierrat O, Talbot R, Box G, Bright M, Akpinar A, Miller D, Hayes A, Gunnell E, Le Bihan Y, Burke R, Kirkin V, Van Montfort R, Raynaud F, Rossanese O, Bellenie B, Hoelder S. Improved binding affinity and pharmacokinetics enables sustained degradation of BCL6 in vivo. Eur J Cancer 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(22)01075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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6
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Talbot R, Granek E, Chang H, Wood R, Brander S. Spatial and temporal variations of microplastic concentrations in Portland's freshwater ecosystems. Sci Total Environ 2022; 833:155143. [PMID: 35405237 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
While microplastics are a pollutant of growing concern in various environmental compartments, less is known regarding the sources and delivery pathways of microplastics in urban rivers. We investigated the relationship between microplastic concentrations and various spatiotemporal factors (e.g., land use, arterial road length, water velocity, precipitation) in two watersheds along an urban-rural gradient in the Portland metropolitan area. Samples were collected in August, September, and February and were analyzed for total microplastic count and type. Nonparametric statistics were used to evaluate potential relationships with the explanatory variables, derived at both the subwatershed and near stream scales. In August, microplastic concentrations were significantly higher than in February. August concentrations also negatively correlated with flow rate, suggesting that lower flow rates may have facilitated the accumulation of microplastics. Smaller size microplastic particles (< 100 μm) were found more in August than September and February, while larger size particles were more dominant in February than the other months. Microplastic concentrations were positively related to 24-h antecedent precipitation in February. Negative correlations existed between wet season microplastic concentrations and agricultural lands at the near stream level. The results indicate that near stream variables may more strongly influence the presence and abundance of microplastics in Portland's waterways than subwatershed-scale variables. Fragments were the most commonly observed microplastic morphology, with a dominance of gray particles and the polymer polyethylene. The findings of this study can inform management decisions regarding microplastic waste and identify hotspots of microplastic pollution that may benefit from remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elise Granek
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University
| | - Heejun Chang
- Department of Geography, Portland State University.
| | - Rosemary Wood
- Department of Environmental Science and Management, Portland State University
| | - Susanne Brander
- Department of Fisheries, Wildlife, and Conservation Sciences; Coastal Oregon Marine Experiment Station, Oregon State University
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Talbot R, Liu C, Cliff-Patel N. Coding method change during COVID-19: a catalyst to improving the quality of electronic discharge summaries. Future Healthc J 2022; 9:108. [PMID: 36311008 PMCID: PMC9601053 DOI: 10.7861/fhj.9-2-s108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Chantal Liu
- Surrey and Sussex Healthcare Trust, Redhill, UK
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8
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Talbot R, Chang H. Microplastics in freshwater: A global review of factors affecting spatial and temporal variations. Environ Pollut 2022; 292:118393. [PMID: 34678395 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics are a pollutant of growing concern, capable of harming aquatic organisms and entering the food web. While freshwater microplastic research has expanded in recent years, much remains unknown regarding the sources and delivery pathways of microplastics in these environments. This review aims to address the scientific literature regarding the spatial and temporal factors affecting global freshwater microplastic distributions and abundances. A total of 75 papers, published through June 2021 and containing an earliest publication date of October 2014, was identified by a Web of Science database search. Microplastic spatial distributions are heavily influenced by anthropogenic factors, with higher concentrations reported in regions characterized by urban land cover, high population density, and wastewater treatment plant effluent. Spatial distributions may also be affected by physical watershed characteristics such as slope and elevation (positive and negative correlations with microplastic concentrations, respectively), although few studies address these factors. Temporal variables of influence include precipitation and stormwater runoff (positive correlations) and water flow/discharge (negative correlations). Despite these overarching trends, variations in study results may be due to differing scales or contributing area delineations. Thus, more rigorous and standardized spatial analytical methods are needed. Future research could simultaneously evaluate both spatial and temporal factors and incorporate finer temporal resolutions into sampling campaigns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Talbot
- Department of Geography, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA
| | - Heejun Chang
- Department of Geography, Portland State University, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
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Abstract
Haemorrhage remains a leading cause of maternal death. We conducted an audit to identify strategies to improve the management at our local NHS Trust. A data collection form was based on our local guideline. A coded database search was conducted for all deliveries where the estimated blood loss was ≥2000 ml (from June 1 2015 to December 31 2015), returning 68 search results (13.7/1000 births). Fifty-six records were included. Poor compliance (<75%) was seen in some key areas including the major obstetric haemorrhage (MOH) call activation (52%), the presence of an anaesthetic consultant (63%) and tranexamic acid administration (46%). Thirty out of 56 cases (54%) were acutely transfused. Women, who were not transfused acutely, appeared to be more likely to need a secondary transfusion if no MOH call had been activated (9/27 (33%) versus 3/29 (10%), p = .052). A key area for improvement was the activation of MOH calls. Following this audit, we adjusted our guideline to make it more clinically useful and staff training sessions were held, including simulation training. Impact statement What is already known on this subject? A postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) is an obstetric emergency. A structured approach is important to optimise the care of the mothers during this dangerous time, and has been shown to reduce the transfusion requirements. However, clinical practice may not adhere to the guideline recommendations. What the results of this study add? With the objective evidence of increased rates of PPH ≥2000 ml at our institution, our work identifying the flaws in management was a critical component of the work to improve the outcomes. This study gives impetus to find innovative ways to improve adherence to guidelines, and inspired an update of our local guideline to improve the applicability and utility. This project suggests a new marker for the adequacy of an acute management (a requirement for secondary blood transfusion without having received an acute transfusion), and raises questions about what constitutes optimum PPH management. What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? The primary and secondary transfusion data raised new questions to investigate in the future: does the involvement of consultants and the escalation of care via the instigation of major haemorrhage protocols improve decision-making and patient outcomes? Does the necessity for a secondary transfusion indicate a suboptimal acute care?
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Affiliation(s)
- J O'Sullivan
- a Merton College, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - R Mansfield
- b Magdalen College, University of Oxford , Oxford , UK
| | - R Talbot
- c Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Women's Centre , Oxford , UK
| | - A E Cairns
- d Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences , University of Oxford, Radcliffe Primary Care, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter , Oxford , UK
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Abstract
Care assistants have a unique insight into the lives of service users and those factors which may impede or enhance the delivery of high quality dementia oriented care. To address the paucity of research in this area, the present study examined care assistant experiences of dementia care in British long-term residential and nursing environments. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight care assistants and transcripts were analysed using interpretive phenomenological analysis. Super-ordinate themes emerging from the data were psychological wellbeing of the care assistant, barriers to effective dementia care, the dementia reality and organisational issues within the care environment. The study revealed important deficiencies in understanding and varying levels of dementia training. Whilst person centred strategies were being implemented, task orientated care remained dominant. Furthermore, care assistants reported taking the perspectives of those with dementia into account, and actively using these to develop relationship centred care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Talbot
- School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK
| | - Gayle Brewer
- School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Lancashire, UK
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Ang S, Maiti S, Moriarity B, Andrews K, Ossowski M, Tzeng K, Talbot R, Kellar D, Huls H, Kebriaei P, Kelly S, Shpall E, Largaespada D, Champlin R, Hackett P, Cooper L. Assessing Sleeping Beauty Transpositions for T-Cell Immunotherapy by Supercomputer-Based High-Throughput Profiling of Integration Events. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2011.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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12
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Cabrera CP, Dunn IC, Fell M, Wilson PW, Burt DW, Waddington D, Talbot R, Hocking PM, Law A, Knott S, Haley CS, de Koning DJ. Complex traits analysis of chicken growth using targeted genetical genomics. Anim Genet 2011; 43:163-71. [PMID: 22404352 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2011.02223.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dissecting the genetic control of complex trait variation remains very challenging, despite many advances in technology. The aim of this study was to use a major growth quantitative trait locus (QTL) in chickens mapped to chromosome 4 as a model for a targeted approach to dissect the QTL. We applied a variant of the genetical genomics approach to investigate genome-wide gene expression differences between two contrasting genotypes of a marked QTL. This targeted approach allows the direct quantification of the link between the genotypes and the genetic responses, thus narrowing the QTL-phenotype gap using fewer samples (i.e. microarrays) compared with the genome-wide genetical genomics studies. Four differentially expressed genes were localized under the region of the QTL. One of these genes is a potential positional candidate gene (AADAT) that affects lysine and tryptophan metabolism and has alternative splicing variants between the two genotypes. In addition, the lysine and glycolysis metabolism pathways were significantly enriched for differentially expressed genes across the genome. The targeted approach provided a complementary route to fine mapping of QTL by characterizing the local and the global downstream effects of the QTL and thus generating further hypotheses about the action of that QTL.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Cabrera
- Medical Research Council, Human Genetics Unit, Edinburgh, UK.
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13
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Taggart JB, Bron JE, Martin SAM, Seear PJ, Høyheim B, Talbot R, Carmichael SN, Villeneuve LAN, Sweeney GE, Houlihan DF, Secombes CJ, Tocher DR, Teale AJ. A description of the origins, design and performance of the TRAITS-SGP Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L. cDNA microarray. J Fish Biol 2008; 72:2071-2094. [PMID: 19125201 PMCID: PMC2610384 DOI: 10.1111/j.1095-8649.2008.01876.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The origins, design, fabrication and performance of an Atlantic salmon microarray are described. The microarray comprises 16 950 Atlantic salmon-derived cDNA features, printed in duplicate and mostly sourced from pre-existing expressed sequence tag (EST) collections [SALGENE and salmon genome project (SGP)] but also supplemented with cDNAs from suppression subtractive hybridization libraries and candidate genes involved in immune response, protein catabolism, lipid metabolism and the parr-smolt transformation. A preliminary analysis of a dietary lipid experiment identified a number of genes known to be involved in lipid metabolism. Significant fold change differences (as low as 1.2x) were apparent from the microarray analysis and were confirmed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis. The study also highlighted the potential for obtaining artefactual expression patterns as a result of cross-hybridization of similar transcripts. Examination of the robustness and sensitivity of the experimental design employed demonstrated the greater importance of biological replication over technical (dye flip) replication for identification of a limited number of key genes in the studied system. The TRAITS (TRanscriptome Analysis of Important Traits of Salmon)-salmon genome project microarray has been proven, in a number of studies, to be a powerful tool for the study of key traits of Atlantic salmon biology. It is now available for use by researchers in the wider scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Taggart
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirling, FK9 4LA, U.K.
| | - J E Bron
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirling, FK9 4LA, U.K.
| | - S A M Martin
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of AberdeenTillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, U.K.
| | - P J Seear
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff UniversityMuseum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3US, U.K.
| | - B Høyheim
- Norwegian School of Veterinary ScienceBasAM-Genetics, P. O. Box 8146 Dep, NO-0033 Oslo, Norway
| | - R Talbot
- ARK-Genomics, Roslin InstituteRoslin, Midlothian EH 25 9PS, U. K.
| | - S N Carmichael
- ARK-Genomics, Roslin InstituteRoslin, Midlothian EH 25 9PS, U. K.
| | - L A N Villeneuve
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirling, FK9 4LA, U.K.
| | - G E Sweeney
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff UniversityMuseum Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3US, U.K.
| | - D F Houlihan
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of AberdeenTillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, U.K.
| | - C J Secombes
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of AberdeenTillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen AB24 2TZ, U.K.
| | - D R Tocher
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirling, FK9 4LA, U.K.
| | - A J Teale
- Institute of Aquaculture, University of StirlingStirling, FK9 4LA, U.K.
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14
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Swartzendruber PC, Chand D, Jaffe DA, Smith J, Reidmiller D, Gratz L, Keeler J, Strode S, Jaeglé L, Talbot R. Vertical distribution of mercury, CO, ozone, and aerosol scattering coefficient in the Pacific Northwest during the spring 2006 INTEX-B campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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15
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White ML, Russo RS, Zhou Y, Mao H, Varner RK, Ambrose J, Veres P, Wingenter OW, Haase K, Stutz J, Talbot R, Sive BC. Volatile organic compounds in northern New England marine and continental environments during the ICARTT 2004 campaign. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd009161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Ambrose JL, Mao H, Mayne HR, Stutz J, Talbot R, Sive BC. Nighttime nitrate radical chemistry at Appledore Island, Maine during the 2004 International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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17
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the significance of indeterminate lung lesions reported from staging CT scans on patients with colorectal cancer. METHOD CT-scan reports of 439 patients were reviewed to identify patients in which indeterminate lung lesion had been reported. The tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) stage of these patients was recorded together with any follow-up scan reports or multidisciplinary team (MDT) discussions regarding these lesions. RESULTS Twenty-three patients had definite lung metastases. Forty-five patients had indeterminate lung lesions. Of these, 22 patients had N1 or N2 disease, 20 had N0 disease and three patients were not operated on due to comorbidity. Of these 45 patients, 30 had further follow-up scans. In 19, the indeterminate lesions were unchanged and were therefore downgraded to benign lesions. The lesions had progressed or new lesions had developed in five. These patients were therefore shown to have metastatic lung disease. All five of these patients had N1 or N2 disease. One patient had a primary rather than metastatic lung lesion. Follow-up scans showed the lesion to be no longer present in five. Of the remainder, One patient declined further follow up. Three patients did not have a follow up scan for reasons not mentioned in their records. Two patients were not scanned because further MDT review of the original scans showed that the lesions were not metastases. Four patients died before follow up scans were done. (one postoperative myocardial infarction (MI), one postoperative sepsis, one postoperative cerebrovascular accident (CVA) and one inferior vena cava (IVC) obstruction). Five patients have not yet had follow-up scan at the time of writing. CONCLUSION Since the introduction of spiral CT scanners, smaller lesions are being seen at the time of preoperative staging. Our study concludes that only a small proportion of indeterminate lung lesions did develop into definite metastases and those that did had node positive disease. Indeterminate lung lesions are not a reason to delay surgery for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Brent
- Poole General Hospital, General Surgery, Poole, UK.
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18
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19
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Martin SAM, Taggart JB, Seear P, Bron JE, Talbot R, Teale AJ, Sweeney GE, Høyheim B, Houlihan DF, Tocher DR, Zou J, Secombes CJ. Interferon type I and type II responses in an Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) SHK-1 cell line by the salmon TRAITS/SGP microarray. Physiol Genomics 2007; 32:33-44. [PMID: 17804604 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00064.2007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines that have proinflammatory, antiviral, and immunomodulatory effects and play a central role during a host response to pathogens. The IFN family contains both type I and type II molecules. While there are a number of type I IFNs, there is only one type II IFN. Recently both type I and type II IFN genes have been cloned in salmonid fish and recombinant proteins produced showing IFN activity. We have stimulated an Atlantic salmon cell line (SHK-1) with both type I and type II recombinant salmonid IFNs and analyzed the transcriptional response by microarray analysis. Cells were exposed to recombinant IFNs for 6 or 24 h or left unexposed as controls. RNA was hybridized to an Atlantic salmon cDNA microarray (salmon 17K feature TRAITS/SGP array) in order to assess differential gene expression in response to IFN exposure. For IFN I and II, 47 and 72 genes were stimulated, respectively; most genes were stimulated by a single IFN type, but some were affected by both IFNs, indicating coregulation of the IFN response in fish. Real-time PCR analysis was employed to confirm the microarray results for selected differentially expressed genes in both a cell line and primary leukocyte cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A M Martin
- Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
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20
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Mack AH, Riordon J, Dean CR, Talbot R, Gervais G. Local control of light polarization with low-temperature fiber optics. Opt Lett 2007; 32:1378-80. [PMID: 17546127 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.001378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
A fiber-optic-based polarization control system that uses a backreflection measurement scheme at low temperatures has been developed. This provides a stringent test of the light polarization state at the output of the fiber, allowing for determination and control of the degree of circular polarization; i.e., it can generate linear, right, or left circular polarization with cryogenic fibers. This polarization controller is paving the way toward the control and manipulation of nuclear spins in semiconductors via the optical Overhauser effect and could be used, for example, for the purpose of quantum information processing with the large nuclear spins of GaAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H Mack
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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21
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O'Rourke J, Sheeran P, Heaney M, Talbot R, Geraghty M, Costello J, McDonnell C, Newell J, Mannion D. Effects of sequential changes from conventional ventilation to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation at increasing mean airway pressures in an ovine model of combined lung and head injury. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2007; 24:454-63. [PMID: 17261210 DOI: 10.1017/s0265021506002006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to determine the intracranial, cardiovascular and respiratory changes induced by conversion to high-frequency oscillator ventilation from conventional mechanical ventilation at increasing airway pressures. METHODS In this study, 11 anaesthetized sheep had invasive cardiovascular and intracranial monitors placed. Lung injury was induced by saline lavage and head injury was induced by inflation of an intracranial balloon catheter. All animals were sequentially converted from conventional mechanical ventilation to high-frequency oscillator ventilation at target mean airway pressures of 16, 22, 28, 34 and 40 cm H(2)O. The mean airway pressure was achieved by adjusting positive end expiratory pressure while on conventional mechanical ventilation, and continuous distending pressures while on high-frequency oscillator ventilation. Cerebral lactate production, oxygen consumption and venous oximetry were measured and analysed in relation to changes in transcranial Doppler flow velocity. Transcranial Doppler profiles together with other physiological parameters were measured at each airway pressure. RESULTS Cerebral perfusion pressure was significantly lower during high-frequency oscillator ventilation than during conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV: 45, 34, 22, 6, 9 mmHg vs. HFOV: 33, 20, 19, 5, 5 mmHg at airway pressures mentioned above, P = 0.02). Intracranial pressure and cerebrovascular resistance increased with increasing intrathoracic pressures (P = 0.001). Cerebral metabolic indices demonstrated an initial increase in anaerobic metabolism followed by a decrease in cerebral oxygen consumption progressing to cerebral infarction as intrathoracic pressures were further increased in a stepwise fashion. Arterial PaCO(2) increased significantly after converting from conventional mechanical ventilation to high-frequency oscillator ventilation (P = 0.001). However, no difference was observed between conventional mechanical ventilation and high-frequency oscillator ventilation when intracranial pressure, metabolic and transcranial Doppler indices were compared at equivalent mean airway pressures. CONCLUSIONS The use of high positive end expiratory pressure with conventional mechanical ventilation or high continuous distending pressure with high-frequency oscillator ventilation increased intracranial pressure and adversely affected cerebral metabolic indices in this ovine model. Transcranial Doppler is a useful adjunct to intracranial pressure and intracranial venous saturation monitoring when major changes in ventilation strategy are adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- J O'Rourke
- Beaumont Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Dublin, Ireland.
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22
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White AB, Darby LS, Senff CJ, King CW, Banta RM, Koermer J, Wilczak JM, Neiman PJ, Angevine WM, Talbot R. Comparing the impact of meteorological variability on surface ozone during the NEAQS (2002) and ICARTT (2004) field campaigns. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. B. White
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - L. S. Darby
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. J. Senff
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. W. King
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. M. Banta
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Koermer
- Chemical, Earth, Atmospheric and Physical Sciences Department; Plymouth State University; Plymouth New Hampshire USA
| | - J. M. Wilczak
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - P. J. Neiman
- NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. M. Angevine
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
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23
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Fehsenfeld FC, Ancellet G, Bates TS, Goldstein AH, Hardesty RM, Honrath R, Law KS, Lewis AC, Leaitch R, McKeen S, Meagher J, Parrish DD, Pszenny AAP, Russell PB, Schlager H, Seinfeld J, Talbot R, Zbinden R. International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT): North America to Europe-Overview of the 2004 summer field study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - G. Ancellet
- Service d'Aéronomie du Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris France
| | - T. S. Bates
- Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory; NOAA; Seattle Washington USA
| | - A. H. Goldstein
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management; University of California; Berkeley California USA
| | - R. M. Hardesty
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Honrath
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Michigan Technological University; Houghton Michigan USA
| | - K. S. Law
- Service d'Aéronomie du Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique; Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Université Pierre et Marie Curie; Paris France
| | - A. C. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry; University of York; York UK
| | - R. Leaitch
- Science and Technology Branch; Environment Canada; Toronto, Ontario Canada
| | - S. McKeen
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - J. Meagher
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. D. Parrish
- Earth System Research Laboratory; NOAA; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. A. P. Pszenny
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - P. B. Russell
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - H. Schlager
- Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; Oberpfaffenhofen, Wessling Germany
| | - J. Seinfeld
- Departments of Environmental Science and Engineering and Chemical Engineering; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - R. Zbinden
- Laboratoire d'Aérologie, Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées; UMR 5560, Centre Nationale de la Recherche Scientifique/Université Paul Sabatier; Toulouse France
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24
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Fischer E, Pszenny A, Keene W, Maben J, Smith A, Stohl A, Talbot R. Nitric acid phase partitioning and cycling in the New England coastal atmosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1029/2006jd007328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Fischer
- Mount Washington Observatory; North Conway New Hampshire USA
| | - A. Pszenny
- Mount Washington Observatory; North Conway New Hampshire USA
| | - W. Keene
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - J. Maben
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - A. Smith
- Department of Environmental Sciences; University of Virginia; Charlottesville Virginia USA
| | - A. Stohl
- Norwegian Institute for Air Research; Kjeller Norway
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
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25
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George S, Primrose J, Talbot R, Smith J, Mullee M, Bailey D, du Boulay C, Jordan H. Will Rogers revisited: prospective observational study of survival of 3592 patients with colorectal cancer according to number of nodes examined by pathologists. Br J Cancer 2006; 95:841-7. [PMID: 16969342 PMCID: PMC2360535 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the relationship between survival in colorectal cancer patients and the number of lymph nodes examined by a pathologist, previously attributed to stage migration, we used data from a cohort of 5174 colorectal cancer patients recruited between September 1991 and August 1994, and followed-up for 5 years. We selected cases with data present on all prognostic variables, and stratified them into three groups by number of nodes examined. We made a multivariate survival comparison using a Cox regression model. In all, there were 3592 cases with data present on all prognostic variables. Patients who had >10 nodes identified had a significant survival advantage over those who had 5–10 identified, who had in turn a similar advantage over those with 0–4 identified (P<0.001). This effect was present in the whole group and at all Dukes' stages, although statistically significant only in stages B (P=0.004) and C (P=0.019). The effect remained after adjustment in a Cox regression model in which the mean number of nodes taken out by each surgical firm did not predict survival. In a sub-group with data on lymphocytic infiltration into the primary tumour a survival advantage was noted in those with prominent rather than mild infiltration (P<0.001): the former also tended to have more nodes found (P=0.015). Stage migration alone cannot explain these results, as survival advantages are noted across the whole population independent of stage. Lymphocytic infiltration into the primary tumour is prognostically important, and is associated with the number of nodes found. Reactive enlargement of lymph nodes in the mesentery may make them easier to find, reflect immune response to the tumour, and thus indirectly impact upon survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- S George
- Public Health Sciences and Medical Statistics, Southampton General Hospital, University of Southampton, Mailpoint 805, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
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26
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Genini S, Nguyen TT, Malek M, Talbot R, Gebert S, Rohrer G, Nonneman D, Stranzinger G, Vögeli P. Radiation hybrid mapping of 18 positional and physiological candidate genes for arthrogryposis multiplex congenita on porcine chromosome 5. Anim Genet 2006; 37:239-44. [PMID: 16734683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2052.2006.01447.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the chromosomal assignment of 18 porcine genes to human homologues using the INRA-Minnesota swine radiation hybrid panel (IMpRH). These genes (CACNA1C, COL2A1, CPNE8, C3F, C12ORF4, DDX11, GDF11, HOXC8, KCNA1, MDS028, TMEM106C, NR4A1, PHB2, PRICKLE1, Q6ZUQ4, SCN8A, TUBA8 and USP18) are located on porcine chromosome 5 (SSC5) and represent positional and functional candidates for arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC), which maps to SSC5. CPNE8, PRICKLE1, Q6ZUQ4 and TUBA8 were mapped to the interval for pig AMC between microsatellites SW152 and SW904. Three SNPs in TUBA8 co-segregated with the AMC phenotype in 230 pigs of our research population without recombination and could be used as a genetic marker test for AMC. In addition, we provide evidence that a small chromosomal region of HSA22q11.2 evolutionarily corresponds to SSC5q12-q22 (and contains the human homologues of porcine SW152, Q6ZUQ4, TUBA8 and USP18), while the regions flanking HSA22q11.2 on SSC5 correspond to HSA12p13 and HSA12q12. We identified seven distinct chromosomal blocks, further supporting extensive rearrangements between genes on HSA12 and HSA22 in the AMC region on SSC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Genini
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Breeding Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
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27
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Graham GK, Boswell T, Li Q, Wilson P, Talbot R, Downing A, Sharp PJ. 280. Photo inhibited heat shock protein 108 gene expression in the chicken hypothalamus. Reprod Fertil Dev 2005. [DOI: 10.1071/srb05abs280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In domestic juvenile chickens kept on short days, photoinduced luteinsing hormone (LH) release, and by inference gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) release, are readily detectable within 4 days of photostimulation.2 The molecular mechanisms responsible for the rapid photoinduced release of LH and GnRH in avian species are unknown. It has been suggested that it might involve a cascade of gene expression associated with an increase in cfos in the basal hypothalamus and glial cells in the median eminence.1 A microarray was made consisting of known genes of interest and clones obtained from a hypothalamic short day/long day subtractive library. An experiment was undertaken to determine if this reproductive neuroendocrine microarray could detect new targets for study in the chicken model of photostimulated GnRH release. The microarray was interrogated with hypothalamic RNA from juvenile chickens showing an increase in plasma LH after 4 days of photostimulation. Six genes were identified as showing changes in expression after photostimulation on the microarray. However, only one gene, encoding heat shock protein 108 (HSP108), could be confirmed by quantitative competitive RT-PCR. The expression of this gene decreased both in the hypothalamus and the optic tectum. Treatment of short day juvenile chickens with thyroxine, to mimic the effects of photostimulation, resulted in LH release and depression of HSP108 expression in the anterior but not the basal hypothalamus. Immunocytochemical analyses showed that HSP108 is widely distributed in the brain including glial-like cells with terminals in the median eminence. HSP108 is suggested as a candidate protein involved in the regulation of gonadotrophin release from the median eminence by glial cells.
(1)Meddle SL and Follett BK (1995) Photoperiodic activation of fos-like immunoreactive protein in neurones within the tuberal hypothalamus of Japanese quail. Journal of Comparative Physiology [A] 176(1), 79–89.(2)Sreekumar KP and Sharp PJ (1998) Ontogeny of the photoperiodic control of prolactin and luteinizing hormone secretion in male and female bantams (Gallus domesticus). General and Comparative Endocrinology 109(1), 69–74.
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28
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Carmichael GR, Tang Y, Kurata G, Uno I, Streets D, Woo JH, Huang H, Yienger J, Lefer B, Shetter R, Blake D, Atlas E, Fried A, Apel E, Eisele F, Cantrell C, Avery M, Barrick J, Sachse G, Brune W, Sandholm S, Kondo Y, Singh H, Talbot R, Bandy A, Thorton D, Clarke A, Heikes B. Regional-scale chemical transport modeling in support of the analysis of observations obtained during the TRACE-P experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. R. Carmichael
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - Y. Tang
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - G. Kurata
- Department of Ecological Engineering; Toyohashi University of Technology; Toyohashi Japan
| | - I. Uno
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics; Kyushu University; Fukuoka Japan
| | - D. Streets
- Decision and Information Sciences Division; Argonne National Laboratory; Argonne Illinois USA
| | - J.-H. Woo
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - H. Huang
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - J. Yienger
- Center for Global and Regional Environmental Research; University of Iowa; Iowa City Iowa USA
| | - B. Lefer
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - R. Shetter
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California, Irvine; Irvine California USA
| | - E. Atlas
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - A. Fried
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - E. Apel
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Eisele
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Cantrell
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Avery
- NASA Langley Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - J. Barrick
- NASA Langley Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - G. Sachse
- NASA Langley Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - W. Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - S. Sandholm
- Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - H. Singh
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - A. Bandy
- Chemistry Department; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - D. Thorton
- Chemistry Department; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - A. Clarke
- School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology; University of Hawaii at Manoa; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - B. Heikes
- Graduate School of Oceanography; University of Rhode Island; Kingston Rhode Island USA
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29
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Crawford J, Olson J, Davis D, Chen G, Barrick J, Shetter R, Lefer B, Jordan C, Anderson B, Clarke A, Sachse G, Blake D, Singh H, Sandolm S, Tan D, Kondo Y, Avery M, Flocke F, Eisele F, Mauldin L, Zondlo M, Brune W, Harder H, Martinez M, Talbot R, Bandy A, Thornton D. Clouds and trace gas distributions during TRACE-P. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Crawford
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - J. Olson
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - D. Davis
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - G. Chen
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - J. Barrick
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - R. Shetter
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - B. Lefer
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - C. Jordan
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - B. Anderson
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - A. Clarke
- School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology; University of Hawaii; Honolulu Hawaii USA
| | - G. Sachse
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - D. Blake
- Department of Chemistry; University of California; Irvine California USA
| | - H. Singh
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - S. Sandolm
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - D. Tan
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences; Georgia Institute of Technology; Atlanta Georgia USA
| | - Y. Kondo
- Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology; University of Tokyo; Tokyo Japan
| | - M. Avery
- NASA Langley Research Center; Hampton Virginia USA
| | - F. Flocke
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - F. Eisele
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - L. Mauldin
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - M. Zondlo
- Atmospheric Chemistry Division; National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - W. Brune
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - H. Harder
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - M. Martinez
- Department of Meteorology; Pennsylvania State University; University Park Pennsylvania USA
| | - R. Talbot
- Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space; University of New Hampshire; Durham New Hampshire USA
| | - A. Bandy
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - D. Thornton
- Department of Chemistry; Drexel University; Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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30
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Bull RK, Morrison RT, Talbot R, Roberts GA. An intake of americium oxide powder: implications for biokinetic models for americium. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2003; 105:369-373. [PMID: 14526989 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.rpd.a006260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A worker inhaled 241AmO2 powder. Air sampling showed low activities but a nose blow revealed 92 Bq. Results from faecal sampling and lung and whole-body monitoring indicated an intake of about 200 Bq, but urine sampling, though commencing only 1 d after intake, showed below-threshold activities (< 0.2 mBq). This conflicts with predictions based on the ICRP Publication 67 biokinetic model for americium and the ICRP Publication 66 model for the human respiratory tract, if default lung parameters are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Bull
- Health Physics and Consulting Division, RWE NUKEM, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0QJ, UK.
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31
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Talbot R. Reactive nitrogen in Asian continental outflow over the western Pacific: Results from the NASA Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific (TRACE-P) airborne mission. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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32
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Abstract
Perfusion of cutaneous capillaries in isolated frog skin may remove an unstirred layer along the basolateral membrane of the epidermis that may affect the rate of cutaneous Na(+) uptake. To test this hypothesis, the cutaneous artery and vein of a bullfrog were cannulated to allow perfusion of isolated flank skin while the rate of Na(+) influx was determined. Rates of sodium influx with and without perfusion were determined in the same experiment. Na(+) uptake increased by 59+/-4.8% during the 1st 0.5 h of perfusion relative to the control, pre-perfusion period and then remained at 26+/-5.3% above control values. Concomitant with the increase in sodium uptake, the transepithelial potential difference fell by ca. 10% within the 1st 0.5 h of perfusion. The amount of labeled sodium leaving the skin in the venous effluent decreased exponentially in the 1st 0.5 h of perfusion, suggesting a wash out of an unstirred layer within the interstitial fluid. Sodium in the venous outflow accounted for ca. 25% of the sodium uptake during each perfusion period. Perfusion of the cutaneous vasculature thus has a significant effect on Na(+) transport and may potentially play a role in the acute regulation of cutaneous ion transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Talbot
- Department of Biology, California State University, 5500 University Parkway, San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
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33
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Rosenstein NE, Emery KW, Werner SB, Kao A, Johnson R, Rogers D, Vugia D, Reingold A, Talbot R, Plikaytis BD, Perkins BA, Hajjeh RA. Risk factors for severe pulmonary and disseminated coccidioidomycosis: Kern County, California, 1995-1996. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:708-715. [PMID: 11229838 DOI: 10.1580/10806032(2001)012[0216:aocl]2.0.co;2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2000] [Revised: 07/26/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Surveillance for coccidioidomycosis (CM) and a case-control study for risk factors among adults were conducted in Kern County, California. From January 1995 through December 1996, 905 cases of CM were identified, for an annual incidence of 86 cases per 100,000 population. A total of 380 adults were enrolled in the case-control study: 77 had severe pulmonary disease, 33 had disseminated disease, and 270 control patients had mild disease. Independent risk factors for severe pulmonary disease included diabetes, recent history of cigarette smoking, income of < $15,000 per year, and older age. Oral antifungal therapy before hospitalization was associated with a reduced risk of CM pneumonia. Risk factors for disseminated disease were black race, income of < $15,000 per year, and pregnancy. Early treatment of CM with oral antifungal agents may prevent severe pulmonary disease in groups considered to be at high risk, such as elderly individuals, persons with diabetes, and smokers. Persons at risk for severe CM may benefit from vaccination once an effective CM vaccine is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Rosenstein
- Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, NCID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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34
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Rosenstein NE, Emery KW, Werner SB, Kao A, Johnson R, Rogers D, Vugia D, Reingold A, Talbot R, Plikaytis BD, Perkins BA, Hajjeh RA. Risk factors for severe pulmonary and disseminated coccidioidomycosis: Kern County, California, 1995-1996. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:708-15. [PMID: 11229838 DOI: 10.1086/319203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2000] [Revised: 07/26/2000] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Surveillance for coccidioidomycosis (CM) and a case-control study for risk factors among adults were conducted in Kern County, California. From January 1995 through December 1996, 905 cases of CM were identified, for an annual incidence of 86 cases per 100,000 population. A total of 380 adults were enrolled in the case-control study: 77 had severe pulmonary disease, 33 had disseminated disease, and 270 control patients had mild disease. Independent risk factors for severe pulmonary disease included diabetes, recent history of cigarette smoking, income of < $15,000 per year, and older age. Oral antifungal therapy before hospitalization was associated with a reduced risk of CM pneumonia. Risk factors for disseminated disease were black race, income of < $15,000 per year, and pregnancy. Early treatment of CM with oral antifungal agents may prevent severe pulmonary disease in groups considered to be at high risk, such as elderly individuals, persons with diabetes, and smokers. Persons at risk for severe CM may benefit from vaccination once an effective CM vaccine is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- N E Rosenstein
- Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, NCID, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
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35
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Crawford J, Davis D, Olson J, Chen G, Liu S, Fuelberg H, Hannan J, Kondo Y, Anderson B, Gregory G, Sachse G, Talbot R, Viggiano A, Heikes B, Snow J, Singh H, Blake D. Evolution and chemical consequences of lightning-produced NOxobserved in the North Atlantic upper troposphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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36
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Singh H, Chen Y, Tabazadeh A, Fukui Y, Bey I, Yantosca R, Jacob D, Arnold F, Wohlfrom K, Atlas E, Flocke F, Blake D, Blake N, Heikes B, Snow J, Talbot R, Gregory G, Sachse G, Vay S, Kondo Y. Distribution and fate of selected oxygenated organic species in the troposphere and lower stratosphere over the Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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37
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Gornall RJ, Talbot R. Can flexible sigmoidoscopy predict need for colorectal surgery in ovarian carcinoma? EUR J GYNAECOL ONCOL 1999; 20:13-5. [PMID: 10422672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION It is difficult to predict which patients with ovarian cancer will require bowel surgery. We propose that sigmoidoscopy performed by an experienced colorectal surgeon could predict the need for bowel resection as part of optimum cytoreduction by assessment of rigidity and encasement of the rectosigmoid colon or mucosal involvement. Laparotomy may then be performed electively in collaboration with a colorectal surgeon after administration of bowel preparation. METHODS In a prospective study 30 patients undergoing surgery for a high suspicion of ovarian malignancy and with at least two of either a complex pelvic mass on ultrasound, elevated CA125 or ascites were studied. Flexible sigmoidoscopy performed at time of admission was reported as "clear bowel", "external compression only" or "mucosal involvement" with the recommendation to "avoid resection" or "may need resection". RESULTS Sigmoidoscopy was completed in all patients and was well tolerated. Satisfactory preparation and evaluation was possible in 70% and did not delay definitive surgery. 67% (20/30) of cases proved to have ovarian carcinoma. Overall prediction to avoid resection was correct in 21/25 and to resect in 5/9 with accurate prediction in those with ovarian cancer of 17/20 cases. This included 3/4 sigmoid colectomies for ovarian malignancy as part of an optimum debulking procedure. Sigmoidoscopy was more accurate than relying on a history of change in bowel habit alone in predicting the need for bowel resection. CONCLUSIONS Sigmoidoscopy was shown to be a practical procedure, causing no significant morbidity in patients with ovarian carcinoma. In evaluating a pelvic mass it can exclude primary colorectal pathology and impending obstruction. Flexible sigmoidoscopy correctly identified the majority of cases which required colorectal surgery and allowed an optimal resection to take place as a planned procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J Gornall
- Specialist Registrar Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wessex Region, UK
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38
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Smyth S, Sandholm S, Shumaker B, Mitch W, Kanvinde A, Bradshaw J, Liu S, McKeen S, Gregory G, Anderson B, Talbot R, Blake D, Rowland S, Browell E, Fenn M, Merrill J, Bachmeier S, Sachse G, Collins J. Characterization of the chemical signatures of air masses observed during the PEM experiments over the western Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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39
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Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis, a mild flulike illness in approximately 40% of infected persons, progresses to severe pulmonary or disseminated disease in 1% to 10% of symptomatic cases. We examined host genetic influences on disease severity among class II HLA loci and the ABO blood group. Participants included African-American, Caucasian, and Hispanic persons with mild or severe disseminated coccidioidomycosis from Kern County, California. Among Hispanics, predisposition to symptomatic disease and severe disseminated disease is associated with blood types A and B, respectively. The HLA class II DRB1*1301 allele marks a pre-disposition to severe disseminated disease in each of the three groups. Reduced risk for severe disease is associated with DRB1*0301-DQB1*0201 among Caucasians and Hispanics and with DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 among African-Americans. These data support the hypothesis that host genes, in particular HLA class II and the ABO blood group, influence susceptibility to severe coccidioidomycosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Louie
- Public Health Biology and Epidemiology Department, University of California School of Public Health, Berkeley 94720, USA.
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40
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Nagata DK, Trierweiler SJ, Talbot R. Long-term effects of internment during early childhood on third-generation Japanese Americans. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1999; 69:19-29. [PMID: 9990433 DOI: 10.1037/h0080378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
A national survey investigated the long-term effects of World War II internment on family communication, ethnic preference, confidence in personal rights, and attitudes to redress among third-generation Japanese Americans (sansei) who were infants or young children during incarceration. Findings were compared to those for noninterned sansei with and without parents who had been interned. Differences between interned and noninterned sansei were found primarily in family communication and family distance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Nagata
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA
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41
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Bradshaw J, Sandholm S, Talbot R. An update on reactive odd-nitrogen measurements made during recent NASA Global Tropospheric Experiment programs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1029/98jd00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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42
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Feeney M, Talbot R, Worsley A, Snook J. Crohn's disease and inherited coagulopathy: two case reports. Ital J Gastroenterol Hepatol 1998; 30:442. [PMID: 9789147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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43
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Crawford J, Davis D, Chen G, Bradshaw J, Sandholm S, Kondo Y, Liu S, Browell E, Gregory G, Anderson B, Sachse G, Collins J, Barrick J, Blake D, Talbot R, Singh H. An assessment of ozone photochemistry in the extratropical western North Pacific: Impact of continental outflow during the late winter/early spring. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd02600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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44
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Crawford JH, Davis DD, Chen G, Bradshaw J, Sandholm S, Kondo Y, Merrill J, Liu S, Browell E, Gregory G, Anderson B, Sachse G, Barrick J, Blake D, Talbot R, Pueschel R. Implications of large scale shifts in tropospheric NOxlevels in the remote tropical Pacific. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1997. [DOI: 10.1029/97jd00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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45
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Swap R, Garstang M, Macko SA, Tyson PD, Maenhaut W, Artaxo P, Kållberg P, Talbot R. The long-range transport of southern African aerosols to the tropical South Atlantic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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46
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Singh HB, Herlth D, Kolyer R, Chatfield R, Viezee W, Salas LJ, Chen Y, Bradshaw JD, Sandholm ST, Talbot R, Gregory GL, Anderson B, Sachse GW, Browell E, Bachmeier AS, Blake DR, Heikes B, Jacob D, Fuelberg HE. Impact of biomass burning emissions on the composition of the South Atlantic troposphere: Reactive nitrogen and ozone. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/96jd01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Langerhan's cell histiocytosis is a rare infiltrative disorder of unknown aetiology. A variety of tissues may be affected, but clinically evident intestinal involvement is unusual. An adult patient is described with Crohn's disease of the terminal ileum who subsequently developed Langerhan's cell histiocytosis with extensive infiltration of the small bowel.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lee-Elliott
- Department of Gastroenterology, Poole Hospital NHS Trust, Dorset
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48
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Singh HB, Herlth D, Kolyer R, Salas L, Bradshaw JD, Sandholm ST, Davis DD, Crawford J, Kondo Y, Koike M, Talbot R, Gregory GL, Sachse GW, Browell E, Blake DR, Rowland FS, Newell R, Merrill J, Heikes B, Liu SC, Crutzen PJ, Kanakidou M. Reactive nitrogen and ozone over the western Pacific: Distribution, partitioning, and sources. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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49
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Arimoto R, Duce RA, Savoie DL, Prospero JM, Talbot R, Cullen JD, Tomza U, Lewis NF, Ray BJ. Relationships among aerosol constituents from Asia and the North Pacific during PEM-West A. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd01071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 417] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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50
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Smyth S, Bradshaw J, Sandholm S, Liu S, McKeen S, Gregory G, Anderson B, Talbot R, Blake D, Rowland S, Browell E, Fenn M, Merrill J, Bachmeier S, Sachse G, Collins J, Thornton D, Davis D, Singh H. Comparison of free tropospheric western Pacific air mass classification schemes for the PEM-West A experiment. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1029/95jd02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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