1
|
Kruk A, Popowski D, Roszko MŁ, Granica S, Piwowarski JP. Heterogeneity of transport and metabolism of Tormentillae rhizoma constituents across human intestinal epithelium cellular model. Food Res Int 2024; 188:114326. [PMID: 38823825 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Tormentilla erecta (L.) Raeusch is a widespread plant in Europe and Western Asia. Its rhizomes (Tormentilae rhizoma) are the main ingredient of herbal alcoholic beverages and can be used as a natural preservative in beer production. Apart from its unique taste qualities, therapeutic properties in gastrointestinal tract ailments are attributed to the tincture obtained from Tormentillae rhizoma. The presented research aimed to determine the mutual relationship between the components of Tormentillae tincture, present in popular alcoholic beverages, and intestinal epithelium (Caco-2 cell monolayers). A comprehensive qualitative and quantitative analysis of the tincture was performed, including the determination of condensed and hydrolyzable tannins as well as triterpenoids (UHPLC-DAD-MS/MS). Incubation of the tincture with Caco-2 monolayers has shown that only triterpenes pass through the monolayer, while condensed tannins are mainly bound to the monolayer surface. Ellagic acid derivatives were the only components of the Tormentillae tinctura being metabolized by cell monolayers to the compounds not previously described in the literature, which may be crucial in the treatment of intestinal diseases with inflammatory background.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kruk
- Microbiota Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominik Popowski
- Microbiota Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marek Ł Roszko
- Department of Food Analysis, Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Rakowiecka 36 Street, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jakub P Piwowarski
- Microbiota Lab, Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1 Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yahya TSANT, Azmi NC, Yee FS, Chyang PJ, Ting NS, Seng TC. The Effects of Tiger Milk Mushroom Lignosus rhinocerus TM02® (Agaricomycetes) on Leukemogenicity Tyrosine Kinase Cell Lines. Int J Med Mushrooms 2024; 26:55-66. [PMID: 38505903 DOI: 10.1615/intjmedmushrooms.2024052325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Leukemia can be a result of genetic changes associated with protein tyrosine kinase activity such as in MPL W515L and BCR/ABL genes. However, the current conventional treatment of leukemia produces severe side effects that urge the approach to use natural products. A medicinal mushroom, Lignosus rhinocerus shows potential as an anti-cancer treatment. To investigate the efficacy and mechanism of action of the L. rhinocerus cultivar (TM02®) extract on leukemogenic tyrosine kinase cell lines, a cold-water extract (CWE) was produced by using TM02® sclerotia powder at 4°C. The carbohydrate and protein contents were found to be 77.24% and 1.75% respectively. In comparison to the normal Ba/F3 cell, the CWE TM02® shows significant effects on exhibiting proliferation of Ba/F3 expressed MPL W515L and BCR/ABL, possibly due to the presence of phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of TM02®, which contribute to act on various signaling pathways, and the reported apoptotic activity of CWE TM02®. In contrast, CWE TM02® significantly exhibited high scavenging activity of both Ba/F3 expressed MPL W515L and BCR/ABL. At concentrations of 125 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL of CWE TM02® decreased 49.5% and 67.5% of cell migration activity of Ba/F3 expressed MPL W515L and BCR/ABL respectively. Therefore, we postulate that CWE TM02® has the capability to mediate the migration route of the leukemogenic tyrosine kinase cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Fung Shin Yee
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pang Jyh Chyang
- Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Institute of Medical Science and Technology, Taman Kajang Sentral, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ng Szu Ting
- Ligno Biotech Sdn Bhd, Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tan Chon Seng
- Ligno Biotech Sdn Bhd, Balakong Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Diego-González L, Álvarez-Viñas M, Simón-Vázquez R, Domínguez H, Torres MD, Flórez-Fernández N. Characterization of the Antiproliferative Activity of Sargassum muticum Low and High Molecular Weight Polysaccharide Fractions. Mar Drugs 2023; 22:16. [PMID: 38248641 PMCID: PMC10817663 DOI: 10.3390/md22010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The extract obtained by pressurized hot water extraction from Sargassum muticum, to recover the bioactive compound known as fucoidan, was fractionated using membranes of 100, 50, 30, 10, and 5 kDa, obtaining five retentates and the final permeate. These fractions were characterized for phloroglucinol content, protein content, sulfate content, and trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC); apart from oligosaccharides, FTIR and molar mass distribution were also evaluated. Retentates of 100 and 50 kDa showed higher values for phloroglucinol, TEAC, and sulfate content. The rheology of the alginate fraction was also evaluated. Regarding the potential antitumoral activity, all fractions were assessed in MCF-7 cells using a metabolic activity assay based on the reduction of a tetrazolium compound, the most efficient being R100 and R50. Based on the results, these fractions were compared with commercial fucoidans at the same concentrations, and similar results were found. In addition, synergistic cytotoxic effects using two drugs commonly used in breast cancer, cis-Platinum (cis-Pt) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), were tested in combination with R100 and R50. Promising results were obtained when the retentate and the drugs were mixed, showing an improvement in the cytotoxicity induced by the chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Diego-González
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (R.S.-V.)
| | - Milena Álvarez-Viñas
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Biomasa y Desarrollo Sostenible, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (H.D.)
| | - Rosana Simón-Vázquez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Inmunología, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (R.S.-V.)
| | - Herminia Domínguez
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Biomasa y Desarrollo Sostenible, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (H.D.)
| | - Maria Dolores Torres
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Biomasa y Desarrollo Sostenible, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (H.D.)
| | - Noelia Flórez-Fernández
- CINBIO, Universidade de Vigo, Grupo Biomasa y Desarrollo Sostenible, 32004 Ourense, Spain; (M.Á.-V.); (H.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pojero F, Gervasi F, Fiore SD, Aiello A, Bonacci S, Caldarella R, Attanzio A, Candore G, Caruso C, Ligotti ME, Procopio A, Restivo I, Tesoriere L, Allegra M, Accardi G. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nutritionally Relevant Concentrations of Oleuropein and Hydroxytyrosol on Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells: An Age-Related Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11029. [PMID: 37446206 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunosenescence and inflammaging facilitate the insurgence of chronic diseases. The Mediterranean diet is a non-invasive intervention to improve the chronic low-grade inflammatory status associated with aging. Olive oil oleuropein (OLE) and hydroxytyrosol (HT) demonstrated a controversial modulatory action on inflammation in vitro when tested at concentrations exceeding those detectable in human plasma. We studied the potential anti-inflammatory effects of OLE and HT at nutritionally relevant concentrations on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as regards cell viability, frequency of leukocyte subsets, and cytokine release, performing an age-focused analysis on two groups of subjects: Adult (age 18-64 years) and Senior (age ≥ 65 years). OLE and HT were used alone or as a pre-treatment before challenging PBMCs with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Both polyphenols had no effect on cell viability irrespective of LPS, but 5 µM HT had an LPS-like effect on monocytes, reducing the intermediate subset in Adult subjects. OLE and HT had no effect on LPS-triggered release of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8, but 5 µM HT reduced IL-10 secretion by PBMCs from Adult vs. Senior group. In summary, nutritionally relevant concentrations of OLE and HT elicit no anti-inflammatory effect and influence the frequency of immune cell subsets with age-related different outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Pojero
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Francesco Gervasi
- Specialistic Oncology Laboratory Unit, ARNAS Hospitals Civico Di Cristina e Benfratelli, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Davide Fiore
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anna Aiello
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Sonia Bonacci
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Rosalia Caldarella
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, "P. Giaccone" University Hospital, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandro Attanzio
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Candore
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Calogero Caruso
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mattia Emanuela Ligotti
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Procopio
- Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Ignazio Restivo
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Luisa Tesoriere
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mario Allegra
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giulia Accardi
- Laboratory of Immunopathology and Immunosenescence, Department of Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Triterpenoids from Kochiae Fructus: Glucose Uptake in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes and α-Glucosidase Inhibition, In Silico Molecular Docking. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032454. [PMID: 36768777 PMCID: PMC9916857 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, three new triterpenes (1-3) and fourteen known triterpenoids (4-17) were isolated from the ethanol extract of Kochiae Fructus, and their structures were elucidated by analyzing UV, IR, HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Among them, compounds 6, 8, and 11-17 were isolated for the first time from this plant. The screening results of the glucose uptake experiment indicated that compound 13 had a potent effect on glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes at 20 μM. Meanwhile, compounds 3, 9 and 13 exhibited significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 23.50 ± 3.37, 4.29 ± 0.52, and 16.99 ± 2.70 µM, respectively, and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities were reported for the first time. According to the enzyme kinetics using Lineweaver-Burk and Dixon plots, we found that compounds 3, 9 and 13 were α-glucosidase mixed-type inhibitors with Ki values of 56.86 ± 1.23, 48.88 ± 0.07 and 13.63 ± 0.42 μM, respectively. In silico molecular docking analysis showed that compounds 3 and 13 possessed superior binding capacities with α-glucosidase (3A4A AutoDock score: -4.99 and -4.63 kcal/mol). Whereas compound 9 showed +2.74 kcal/mol, which indicated compound 9 exerted the effect of inhibiting α-glucosidase activity by preferentially binding to the enzyme-substrate complex. As a result, compounds 3, 9 and 13 could have therapeutic potentials for type 2 diabetes mellitus, due to their potent hypoglycemic activities.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bobasa EM, Srivarathan S, Phan ADT, Netzel ME, Cozzolino D, Sultanbawa Y. Influence of blanching on the bioactive compounds of Terminalia ferdinandiana Exell fruit during storage. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-022-01581-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractChanges in quality of fruits and vegetables during processing and storage might impact on the nutritional and economical value of food products. The present study aimed to evaluate the influence of blanching on the content of vitamin C and ellagic acid (EA) as the main bioactive compounds present in Kakadu plum (KP) fruits (Terminalia ferdinandiana) during storage at 40oC to mimic typical temperature when wild harvested. Changes in the profile of fatty acids, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, as a biomarker for lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant properties of KP fruits were evaluated. The results revealed that vitamin C decreased between 25 and 52% over the storage period. Statistically significant differences in the concentration of vitamin C were associated with temperature (p < 0.05) and blanching (p < 0.05), whereas no significant differences in EA during storage were observed. DPPH radical scavenging capacity and total phenolic content of both blanched and control samples decreased by 80% and 35%, respectively, at the end of the storage period compared to day 0. In addition, the change in DPPH activity is significantly correlated (Pearson R2 = 0.829, p ˂ 0.01) with the breakdown of ellagitannins. Furthermore, KP fruit demonstrated excellent antioxidative properties by reducing MDA production. It was concluded that blanching causes significant vitamin C loss whereas neither blanching nor long-term storage at elevated temperature affect the EA content. The results also indicate that the antioxidant compounds present in the KP fruits provided considerable protection against fatty acid oxidation during storage.
Collapse
|
7
|
Evaluation of Biological Activity of Natural Compounds: Current Trends and Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144490. [PMID: 35889361 PMCID: PMC9324072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds have diverse structures and are present in different forms of life. Metabolites such as tannins, anthocyanins, and alkaloids, among others, serve as a defense mechanism in live organisms and are undoubtedly compounds of interest for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries. Plants, bacteria, and insects represent sources of biomolecules with diverse activities, which are in many cases poorly studied. To use these molecules for different applications, it is essential to know their structure, concentrations, and biological activity potential. In vitro techniques that evaluate the biological activity of the molecules of interest have been developed since the 1950s. Currently, different methodologies have emerged to overcome some of the limitations of these traditional techniques, mainly via reductions in time and costs. These emerging technologies continue to appear due to the urgent need to expand the analysis capacity of a growing number of reported biomolecules. This review presents an updated summary of the conventional and relevant methods to evaluate the natural compounds’ biological activity in vitro.
Collapse
|
8
|
Zhang K, Chen XL, Zhao X, Ni JY, Wang HL, Han M, Zhang YM. Antidiabetic potential of Catechu via assays for α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and glucose uptake in adipocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 291:115118. [PMID: 35202712 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Catechu is the dry water extract of barked branches or stems from Senegalia catechu(L. F.)P. J. H. Hurter & Mabb, which is used as a hypoglycemic regulator in recent researches. Potential anti-hyperglycemic components and the putative mechanisms were evaluated in this investigation. AIM OF THE STUDY Evaluated the hypoglycemic activity of Catechu via α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibition assays, and glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of Catechu on α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibition assays and glucose uptake experiment were tested after the ethanol extract of Catechu (EE) was sequentially partitioned with petroleum ether (PEE), ethyl acetate (EAE), and n-butanol fractions (NBE). Next, HPLC-MS and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) database were used to detect and analyze the primary active ingredients presented in hypoglycemic fraction. In addition, in silico molecular docking study was used to evaluate the candidates' inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase and α-amylase. RESULTS The results of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibition assays indicated that all fractions, with the exception of PEE, presented significant inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase and α-amylase. The inhibitory effect of NBE on α-glucosidase was similar to the positive control (NBE IC50 = 0.3353 ± 0.1215 μg/mL; Acarbose IC50 = 0.1123 ± 0.0023 μg/mL). Furthermore, the inhibitory kinetics of α-glucosidase revealed that all fractions except for PEE belong to uncompetitive type. In silico molecular docking analysis showed that the main compositions of NBE ((-)-epicatechin, cyanidin, and delphinidin) possessed superior binding capacities with α-glucosidase (3WY1 AutoDock score: 4.82 kcal/mol; -5.59 kcal/mol; -5.63 kcal/mol) and α-amylase (4GQR AutoDock score: 4.80 kcal/mol; -5.89 kcal/mol; -4.26 kcal/mol), respectively. The results of glucose uptake experiment indicated that EE, PEE, EAE, and NBE without significant promotion effect on glucose uptake rate of 3T3-L1 adipocytes (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION This study revealed that the hypoglycemic effect of Catechu might be related to the inhibitory effects of phenols on digestive enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase), and the possible active phenols were (-)-epicatechin, cyanidin, delphinidin and their derivatives, which provided scientific evidences for Catechu's traditional use to treat T2DM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Xue-Lin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Xia Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji-Yan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Han-Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Mei Han
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yu-Mei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hypoglycemic and Antioxidant Properties of Extracts and Fractions from Polygoni Avicularis Herba. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27113381. [PMID: 35684319 PMCID: PMC9182118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our research focused on the hypoglycemic capability and the possible mechanisms of extract and fractions from Polygoni Avicularis Herba (PAH) based on α-glucosidase, α-amylase inhibition assays, glucose uptake experiment, HPLC-MS analysis, and molecular docking experiment. In addition, DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were used for determining the antioxidant capability. The results of total flavonoids and phenolics contents showed that ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) possessed the highest flavonoids and phenolics with values of 159.7 ± 2.5 mg rutin equivalents/g and 107.6 ± 2.0 mg galic acid equivalents/g, respectively. The results of in vitro hypoglycemic activity showed that all samples had effective α-glucosidase inhibition capacities, and EAF possessed the best inhibitory effect with IC50 value of 1.58 ± 0.24 μg/mL. In addition, n-butanol fraction (NBF) significantly promoted the glucose uptake rate of 3T3-L1 adipocytes. HPLC-MS analysis and molecular docking results proved the interactions between candidates and α-glucosidase. The results of antioxidation capacities showed that EAF possessed the best antioxidation abilities with DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. In summary, the hypoglycemic activity of PAH might be related to the inhibition of α-glucosidase (EAF > PEF > NBF) and the promotion of glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (NBF). Simultaneously, the antioxidation capacity of PAH might be related to the abundant contents of flavonoids and other phenolics (EAF > PEF > NBF).
Collapse
|
10
|
Dissanayake IH, Zak V, Kaur K, Jaye K, Ayati Z, Chang D, Li CG, Bhuyan DJ. Australian native fruits and vegetables: Chemical composition, nutritional profile, bioactivity and potential valorization by industries. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:8511-8544. [PMID: 35491610 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2057913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Australian native plants have adapted themselves to harsh climatic conditions enabling them to produce unique and high levels of secondary metabolites. Native fruits and vegetables have been an integral part of the Indigenous Australian diet and Bush medicine for centuries. They have recently gained popularity owing to their rich dietary fiber, minerals, polyphenolic and antioxidant contents. This review presents a comprehensive summary and critical assessment of the studies performed in the last few decades to understand the phytochemical and nutritional profiles and therapeutic properties of Australian native fruits and vegetables. Furthermore, the potential of these fruits and vegetables as functional food ingredients and in the prevention and treatment of different diseases is discussed. Research on the nutritional and phytochemical profiles and therapeutic activity of Australian vegetables is limited with most studies focused on native fruits. These fruits have demonstrated promising antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities mostly in in vitro models. More research to a) identify novel bioactive compounds, b) define optimal post-harvest and extraction methods, and c) understand molecular mechanisms of pharmacological activity through preclinical and clinical studies is prudent for the prospective and wider use of Australian native fruits and vegetables by the food, pharmaceutical, and nutraceutical industries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Valeria Zak
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Campbelltown, NSW, Australia
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Kayla Jaye
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Zahra Ayati
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dennis Chang
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Chun Guang Li
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Deep Jyoti Bhuyan
- NICM Health Research Institute, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Molecular Docking Studies of Methanolic Extract, Fractions and Isolated Compounds from Aerial Parts of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092858. [PMID: 35566208 PMCID: PMC9104508 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditionally, Cymbopogon citratus is used to treat a variety of ailments, including cough, indigestion, fever, and diabetes. The previous chemical and bioactive research on C. citratus mainly focused on its volatile oil. In this study, 20 non-volatile known compounds were isolated from the dried aerial part of C. citratus, and their structures were elucidated by MS, NMR spectroscopy, and comparison with the published spectroscopic data. Among them, 16 compounds were reported for the first time from this plant. The screening results for antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities indicated that compounds caffeic acid (5), 1-O-p-coumaroyl-3-O-caffeoylglycerol (8), 1,3-O-dicaffeoylglycerol (9) and luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (12) had potent antioxidant capacities, with IC50 values from 7.28 to 14.81 μM, 1.70 to 2.15 mol Trolox/mol and 1.31 to 2.42 mol Trolox/mol for DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP, respectively. Meanwhile, compounds 8 and 9 also exhibited significant inhibitory activities against α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 11.45 ± 1.82 μM and 5.46 ± 0.25 μM, respectively, which were reported for the first time for their α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. The molecular docking result provided a molecular comprehension of the interaction between compounds (8 and 9) and α-glucosidase. The significant antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities of compounds 8 and 9 suggested that they could be developed into antidiabetic drugs because of their potential regulatory roles on oxidative stress and digestive enzyme.
Collapse
|
12
|
Angelé-Martínez C, Ameer FS, Raval YS, Huang G, Tzeng TRJ, Anker JN, Brumaghim JL. Polyphenol effects on CuO-nanoparticle-mediated DNA damage, reactive oxygen species generation, and fibroblast cell death. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 78:105252. [PMID: 34624480 PMCID: PMC8671380 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2021.105252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The ability of ten polyphenolic antioxidants to prevent CuO nanoparticle (NPCuO) and H2O2-mediated DNA damage and cytotoxicity was investigated. Five of the polyphenols (MEPCA, PREGA, MEGA, ECG, and EGCG) prevent NPCuO/H2O2-mediated DNA damage (IC50 values of 7.5-800 μM), three have no effect (PCA, VA, and EC), and two (GA and EGC) result in increased DNA damage. Most polyphenols had similar antioxidant/prooxidant activity in the presence of NPCuO or free copper ions. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NPCuO/H2O2 in the presence of representative polyphenols correlate with results of DNA damage studies: in the presence of NPCuO/H2O2, MEPCA prevents ROS formation, VA has no effect on ROS levels, and EGC increases ROS levels. EPR results with CuO nanoparticles washed to remove dissolved copper in solution (wCuO) in the presence of H2O2/ascorbate suggest that MEPCA prevents ROS formation on the nanoparticle surface in addition to preventing ROS formation from dissolved copper. In mouse fibroblast (L929) cells, combining NPCuO with H2O2 results in significantly greater cytotoxicity than observed for either component alone. After 3 h incubation with MEPCA or MEGA, the viability loss in L929 cells induced by NPCuO/H2O2 challenge was significantly rescued at physiologically relevant polyphenol levels (1 μM). These studies show that polyphenols can protect DNA and inhibit cytotoxicity generated by NPCuO under oxidative stress conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fathima S Ameer
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
| | - Yash S Raval
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Guohui Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Tzuen-Rong J Tzeng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | - Jeffrey N Anker
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
| | - Julia L Brumaghim
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634-0973, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Khayat MT, Omar AM, Ahmed F, Khan MI, Ibrahim SM, Muhammad YA, Malebari AM, Neamatallah T, El-Araby ME. Insights on Cancer Cell Inhibition, Subcellular Activities, and Kinase Profile of Phenylacetamides Pending 1 H-Imidazol-5-One Variants. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:794325. [PMID: 35069208 PMCID: PMC8766756 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.794325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural changes of small-molecule drugs may bring interesting biological properties, especially in the field of kinase inhibitors. We sought to study tirbanibulin, a first-in-class dual Src kinase (non-ATP competitive)/tubulin inhibitor because there was not enough reporting about its structure–activity relationships (SARs). In particular, the present research is based on the replacement of the outer ring of the biphenyl system of 2-[(1,1′-biphenyl)-4-yl]-N-benzylacetamide, the identified pharmacophore of KX chemotype, with a heterocyclic ring. The newly synthesized compounds showed a range of activities in cell-based anticancer assays, agreeing with a clear SAR profile. The most potent compound, (Z)-N-benzyl-4-[4-(4-methoxybenzylidene)-2-methyl-5-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-1-yl]phenylacetamide (KIM-161), demonstrated cytotoxic IC50 values at 294 and 362 nM against HCT116 colon cancer and HL60 leukemia cell lines, respectively. Profiling of this compound (aqueous solubility, liver microsomal stability, cytochrome P450 inhibition, reactivity with reduced glutathione, and plasma protein binding) confirmed its adequate drug-like properties. Mechanistic studies revealed that this compound does not depend on tubulin or Src kinase inhibition as a factor in forcing HL60 to exit its cell cycle and undergo apoptosis. Instead, KIM-161 downregulated several other kinases such as members of BRK, FLT, and JAK families. It also strongly suppresses signals of ERK1/2, GSK-3α/β, HSP27, and STAT2, while it downregulated AMPKα1 phosphorylation within the HL60 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that phenylacetamide-1H-imidazol-5-one (KIM-161) could be a promising lead compound for further clinical anticancer drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maan T Khayat
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelsattar M Omar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Egypt.,Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad I Khan
- Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara M Ibrahim
- Faculty of Science, Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yosra A Muhammad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Azizah M Malebari
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thikryat Neamatallah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa E El-Araby
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center for Artificial Intelligence in Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma Y, Wang J, Wu J, Tong C, Zhang T. Meta-analysis of cellular toxicity for graphene via data-mining the literature and machine learning. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 793:148532. [PMID: 34328986 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Since graphene is currently incorporated into various consumer products and used in a variety of applications, determining the relationships between the physicochemical properties of graphene and its toxicity is critical for conducting environmental and health risk analyses. Data from the literature suggest that exposure to graphene may result in cytotoxicity. However, existing graphene toxicity data are complex and heterogeneous, making it difficult to conduct risk assessments. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of published data on the cytotoxicity of graphene based on 792 publications, including 986 cell viability data points, 762 half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) data points, and 100 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release data points. Models to predict graphene cytotoxicity were then developed based on cell viability, IC50, and LDH release as toxicity endpoints using random forests learning algorithms. The most influential attributes influencing graphene cytotoxicity were revealed to be exposure dose and detection method for cell viability, diameter and surface modification for IC50, and detection method and organ source for LDH release. The meta-analysis produced three sets of key attributes for the three abovementioned toxicity endpoints that can be used in future studies of graphene toxicity. The findings indicate that rigorous data mining protocols can be combined with suitable machine learning tools to develop models with good predictive power and accuracy. The results also provide guidance for the design of safe graphene materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jianli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jingying Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Chuxuan Tong
- School of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering, The University of Queensland Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Biological Impact of Phenolic Compounds from Coffee on Colorectal Cancer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14080761. [PMID: 34451858 PMCID: PMC8401378 DOI: 10.3390/ph14080761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is one of the leading death-related diseases worldwide, usually induced by a multifactorial and complex process, including genetic and epigenetic abnormalities and the impact of diet and lifestyle. In the present study, we evaluated the biological impact of two of the main coffee polyphenols, chlorogenic acid (CGA) and caffeic acid (CA), as well as two polyphenol-rich coffee extracts (green coffee extract and toasted coffee Extract) against SW480 and SW620 colorectal cancer cells. First, the total phenolic content and the antioxidant capability of the extracts were determined. Then, cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT and SBR. Finally, a wound healing assay was performed to determine the impact on the cell migration process. The results showed a cytotoxic effect of all treatments in a time and dose-dependent manner, which decreased the viability in both cell lines at 24 h and 48 h; likewise, the migration capability of cells decreased with low doses of treatments. These results suggest the potential of coffee to modulate biological mechanisms involved in colorectal cancer development; however, more studies are required to understand the mechanistic insights of these observations.
Collapse
|
16
|
Akter S, Addepalli R, Netzel M, Fletcher M, Sultanbawa Y, Osborne S. Impact of polyphenol-rich extracts of Terminalia ferdinandiana fruits and seeds on viability of human intestinal and liver cells in vitro. FOOD CHEMISTRY. MOLECULAR SCIENCES 2021; 2:100024. [PMID: 35415635 PMCID: PMC8991618 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochms.2021.100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu plum) is a native Australian fruit consumed by Indigenous Australians for centuries. Commercial interest in T. ferdinandiana has increased in recent years due to its high vitamin C content, however, food safety assessments are lacking. To explore the safety of extracts prepared from T. ferdinandiana using different solvents, in vitro cell viability of undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2, HT29-MTX-E12, and HepG2 cells was measured using the CyQUANT® NF Cell Proliferation Assay. Changes to cell viability produced IC50 values between 3650 and 14400 µg/mL for all extracts and cell lines tested with HepG2 cells impacted the most by T. ferdinandiana extracts, followed by HT29-MTX-E12 cells, and undifferentiated and differentiated Caco-2 cells. Different solvents also produced extracts with variable effects on cell viability that were dependent on tissue source, however, extracts from seedcoats appeared to impact cell viability less than fruit extracts. The IC50 values for ellagic acid, an abundant phytochemical in T. ferdinandiana, varied from 1190 to 2390 µg/mL across different cells and were significantly lower than extract IC50 values. Findings from this study will help to inform future safety studies, select which solvents to use when preparing T. ferdinandiana extracts, and decide whether fruit flesh should be separated from seeds during extract preparation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Akter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Rama Addepalli
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| | - Michael Netzel
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Mary Fletcher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, 39 Kessels Rd, Coopers Plains, Qld 4108, Australia
| | - Simone Osborne
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, 306 Carmody Road, St Lucia, QLD 4067, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang S, Yang Y, Luo D, Zhai L, Bai Y, Wei W, Sun Q, Jia L. Bisphenol A increases TLR4-mediated inflammatory response by up-regulation of autophagy-related protein in lung of adolescent mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 268:128837. [PMID: 33187652 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In previous studies we found that bisphenol A (BPA) aggravated OVA-induced lung inflammation. The aim of this research was to determine whether BPA exposure alone also induced inflammatory response in the lungs, which mechanism was associated with TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and the activation of mTOR-mediated autophagy. Female C57BL/6 mice aged 4 weeks were randomly divided into three groups (10/group): control group, 0.1 and 0.2 μg mL-1 BPA groups. BPA induced the pathological changes in the lung and increased the levels of cytokines and inflammatory cells, as well as affected autophagy related proteins expression. In addition, the RAW264.7 cell culture experiment was conducted in order to confirm the role of autophagy. We found that BPA can enhance autophagy flux by enhancing autophagosome formation. It was further confirmed the details of the mechanism of action with chloroquine (CQ, a compound that inhibits the fusion of autophagosomes and lysosomes) intervention. The inhibition of autophagy led to down-regulation of expression levels associated with inflammation. This research results indicated that BPA induced inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo, and its mechanism may be related to TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway and the activation of mTOR-mediated autophagy. After autophagy was suppressed, the inflammatory response also weakened. Our findings provide a new perspective into the mechanisms underlying inflammatory responses induced by the environmental exposure. These findings indicate that therapeutic strategies targeting autophagy may provide a new method for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Wang
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Yilong Yang
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Lingling Zhai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Yinglong Bai
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| | - Lihong Jia
- Department of Child and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, China Medical University, No 77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning, 110122, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Akter S, Netzel M, Tinggi U, Fletcher M, Osborne S, Sultanbawa Y. Interactions Between Phytochemicals and Minerals in Terminalia ferdinandiana and Implications for Mineral Bioavailability. Front Nutr 2021; 7:598219. [PMID: 33425972 PMCID: PMC7793935 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.598219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxalic and phytic acid are phytochemicals considered to be anti-nutritional factors as they are predominantly found as oxalates and phytates bound to minerals like calcium and potassium. Studies have associated excessive oxalate consumption with increased urinary excretion of oxalate (hyperoxaluria) and calcium oxalate kidney stone formation, and excessive phytate consumption with decreased bioaccessibility and bioavailability of certain minerals and reduced utilization of dietary protein. However, other studies suggest that dietary consumption of phytate may be beneficial and inhibit formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones. In light of these conflicting reports, dietary intake of oxalate and phytate enriched plants should be considered in relation to potential health outcomes following consumption. Terminalia ferdinandiana is one such plant and is investigated here with respect to oxalate, phytate, and mineral contents. Assessment of oxalate and phytate contents in T. ferdinandiana fruit, leaf, and seedcoat tissues through hydrolysis into acid forms revealed oxalic acid contents ranging from 327 to 1,420 mg/100 g on a dry weight (DW) basis whilst phytic acid contents ranged from 8.44 to 121.72 mg/100 g DW. Calcium content in the different tissues ranged from 131 to 1,343 mg/100 g. There was no correlation between oxalic acid and calcium, however a significant, positive correlation was observed between phytic acid and calcium (r = 0.9917; p < 0.001), indicating that tissues rich in phytic acid also contain higher levels of calcium. The high content of phytic acid in comparison to oxalic acid in T. ferdinandiana fruit found in this study and the dietary significance of this in terms of calcium bioavailability, needs to be investigated further.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saleha Akter
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael Netzel
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | - Ujang Tinggi
- Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | - Mary Fletcher
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone Osborne
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Agriculture and Food, St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Health and Food Sciences Precinct, Coopers Plains, QLD, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Yu S, Fan X, Zheng S, Lin L, Liu J, Pan Y, Li C. The sialidase inhibitor, DANA, reduces Porphyromonas gingivalis pathogenicity and exerts anti-inflammatory effects: An in vitro and in vivo experiment. J Periodontol 2020; 92:286-297. [PMID: 32609876 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sialidase has an important role in the pathogenesis of periodontitis and Porphyromonas gingivalis is a sialidase-producing organism implicated in periodontitis development. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-virulence and anti-inflammatory properties of the sialidase inhibitor, 2-deoxy-2,3-didehydro-N-acetylneuraminic acid (DANA), in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The effects of DANA on P. gingivalis sialidase and cell viability were determined, and the effects of DANA on P. gingivalis virulence were evaluated by assessment of growth curves, cell morphology, biofilm formation, fimbriae gene expression, and gingipains and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activity. Anti-inflammatory effects of DANA on LPS-induced macrophages were assessed by measurement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL-1β), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) secretions. The effect of DANA on P. gingivalis-induced periodontitis in rats was analyzed by radiography, stereoscopic microscopy, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Sialidase inhibition rate of 1mM DANA was 72.01%. Compared with untreated controls, treatment with DANA inhibited P. gingivalis growth and biofilm formation, and significantly decreased expression of the fimA, fimR, and fimS genes, as well as gingipains activity. DANA did not influence macrophage viability, but significantly inhibited TNF-α, IL-1β, and iNOS production in LPS-stimulated macrophages. In the periodontitis rat model, DANA prevented alveolar bone absorption and inhibited TNF-α and IL-1β production. CONCLUSION DANA can reduce the growth, the biofilm formation and the virulence of P. gingivalis and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects, as well as effects against rat periodontitis, suggesting that DANA should be considered for development as a new adjunctive treatment for periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shiwen Yu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaomiao Fan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Shaowen Zheng
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Li Lin
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jingbo Liu
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Disease, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaping Pan
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Li
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|