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Sreedharan M, Vijayamma R, Liyaskina E, Revin VV, Ullah MW, Shi Z, Yang G, Grohens Y, Kalarikkal N, Ali Khan K, Thomas S. Nanocellulose-Based Hybrid Scaffolds for Skin and Bone Tissue Engineering: A 10-Year Overview. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2136-2155. [PMID: 38448083 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cellulose, the most abundant polymer on Earth, has been widely utilized in its nanoform due to its excellent properties, finding applications across various scientific fields. As the demand for nanocellulose continues to rise and its ease of use becomes apparent, there has been a significant increase in research publications centered on this biomaterial. Nanocellulose, in its different forms, has shown tremendous promise as a tissue engineered scaffold for regeneration and repair. Particularly, nanocellulose-based composites and scaffolds have emerged as highly demanding materials for both soft and hard tissue engineering. Medical practitioners have traditionally relied on collagen and its analogue, gelatin, for treating tissue damage. However, the limited mechanical strength of these biopolymers restricts their direct use in various applications. This issue can be overcome by making hybrids of these biopolymers with nanocellulose. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the recent and most relevant publications focusing on hybrid composites of collagen and gelatin with a specific emphasis on their combination with nanocellulose. While bone and skin tissue engineering represents two areas where a majority of researchers are concentrating their efforts, this review highlights the use of nanocellulose-based hybrids in these contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mridula Sreedharan
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Raji Vijayamma
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Elena Liyaskina
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Viktor V Revin
- Department of Biotechnology, Biochemistry and Bioengineering, National Research Ogarev Mordovia State University, Saransk 430005, Russia
| | - Muhammad Wajid Ullah
- Biofuels Institute, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Zhijun Shi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yves Grohens
- Univ. Bretagne Sud, UMR CNRS 6027, IRDL, F-56321 Lorient, France
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
- School of Pure and Applied Physics, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Applied College, Mahala Campus and the Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production/Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
- School of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala 686560, India
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Pires PC, Damiri F, Zare EN, Hasan A, Neisiany RE, Veiga F, Makvandi P, Paiva-Santos AC. A review on natural biopolymers in external drug delivery systems for wound healing and atopic dermatitis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 263:130296. [PMID: 38382792 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Despite the advantages of topical administration in the treatment of skin diseases, current marketed preparations face the challenge of the skin's barrier effect, leading to low therapeutic effectiveness and undesirable side effects. Hence, in recent years the management of skin wounds, the main morbidity-causing complication in hospital environments, and atopic dermatitis, the most common inflammatory skin disease, has become a great concern. Fortunately, new, more effective, and safer treatments are already under development, with chitosan, starch, silk fibroin, agarose, hyaluronic acid, alginate, collagen, and gelatin having been used for the development of nanoparticles, liposomes, niosomes and/or hydrogels to improve the delivery of several molecules for the treatment of these diseases. Biocompatibility, biodegradability, increased viscosity, controlled drug delivery, increased drug retention in the epidermis, and overall mitigation of adverse effects, contribute to an effective treatment, additionally providing intrinsic antimicrobial and wound healing properties. In this review, some of the most recent success cases of biopolymer-based drug delivery systems as part of nanocarriers, semi-solid hydrogel matrices, or both (hybrid systems), for the management of skin wounds and atopic dermatitis, are critically discussed, including composition and in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo characterization, showing the promise of these external drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia C Pires
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), University of Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Fouad Damiri
- Laboratory of Biomolecules and Organic Synthesis (BIOSYNTHO), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sick, University Hassan II of Casablanca, Casablanca, Morocco; Chemical Science and Engineering Research Team (ERSIC), Department of Chemistry, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Beni Mellal (FPBM), University Sultan Moulay Slimane (USMS), Beni Mellal 23000, Morocco
| | - Ehsan Nazarzadeh Zare
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 36716-45667, Iran; Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura-140401, Punjab, India
| | - Anwarul Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Rasoul Esmaeely Neisiany
- Biotechnology Centre, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 8, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; Department of Polymer Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar 9617976487, Iran
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Institute for Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh 174103, India; Department of Biomaterials, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, SIMATS, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Zhu H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Khan A, Pang Y, Song H, Zhao H, Liu Z, Qiao H, Xie J. The Combined Anti-Aging Effect of Hydrolyzed Collagen Oligopeptides and Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Human Skin Fibroblasts. Molecules 2024; 29:1468. [PMID: 38611748 PMCID: PMC11013016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) are used as a source of regenerative medicine, but certain limitations hinder their uses. The effect of hydrolyzed collagen oligopeptides (HCOPs), a functional ingredient of SC-Exos is not widely known to the general public. We herein evaluated the combined anti-aging effects of HCOPs and exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSC-Exos) using a senescence model established on human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). This study discovered that cells treated with HucMSC-Exos + HCOPs enhanced their proliferative and migratory capabilities; reduced both reactive oxygen species production and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity; augmented type I and type III collagen expression; attenuated the expression of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); and decreased the expression of p16, p21, and p53 as compared with the cells treated with HucMSC-Exos or HCOPs alone. These results suggest a possible strategy for enhancing the skin anti-aging ability of HucMSC-Exos with HCOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ajab Khan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Yinuo Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huifang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hua Qiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
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Jadach B, Mielcarek Z, Osmałek T. Use of Collagen in Cosmetic Products. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:2043-2070. [PMID: 38534748 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46030132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Collagen (CLG) belongs to the family of fibrillar proteins and is composed of left-handed α polypeptide chains, which, twisting around themselves and their axis, form a right-handed superhelix. In the chemical structure, it contains mainly proline, hydroxyproline, glycine, and hydroxylysine. It occurs naturally in the dermis in the form of fibers that provide the skin with proper density and elasticity. The review aimed to present the types of collagen protein, factors affecting its structure and its unusual role in the functioning of the human body. Also, an overview of cosmetic products containing collagen or its derivatives, the characteristics of the formulas of these products, and the effects of their use were presented. Throughout the market, there are many cosmetic and cosmeceutical products containing CLG. They are in the form of fillers administered as injections, belonging to the group of the oldest tissue fillers; products administered orally and for topical use, such as creams, gels, serums, or cosmetic masks. Analyzed studies have shown that the use of products with collagen or its peptides improves the general condition of the skin and delays the aging process by reducing the depth of wrinkles, improving hydration (in the case of oral preparations), reducing transepithelial water loss (TEWL), as well as improving skin density and elasticity. In addition, oral application of bioactive CLG peptides has shown a positive effect on the nails, reducing the frequency of their breakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Jadach
- Division of Industrial Pharmacy, Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Zofia Mielcarek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Osmałek
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 3 Rokietnicka, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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Zhang Y, Li Y, Quan Z, Xiao P, Duan JA. New Insights into Antioxidant Peptides: An Overview of Efficient Screening, Evaluation Models, Molecular Mechanisms, and Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:203. [PMID: 38397801 PMCID: PMC10886007 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant peptides are currently a hotspot in food science, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. In different fields, the screening, activity evaluation, mechanisms, and applications of antioxidant peptides are the pivotal areas of research. Among these topics, the efficient screening of antioxidant peptides stands at the forefront of cutting-edge research. To this end, efficient screening with novel technologies has significantly accelerated the research process, gradually replacing the traditional approach. After the novel antioxidant peptides are screened and identified, a time-consuming activity evaluation is another indispensable procedure, especially in in vivo models. Cellular and rodent models have been widely used for activity evaluation, whilst non-rodent models provide an efficient solution, even with the potential for high-throughput screening. Meanwhile, further research of molecular mechanisms can elucidate the essence underlying the activity, which is related to several signaling pathways, including Keap1-Nrf2/ARE, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis, TGF-β/SMAD, AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and NF-κB. Last but not least, antioxidant peptides have broad applications in food manufacture, therapy, and the cosmetics industry, which requires a systematic review. This review introduces novel technologies for the efficient screening of antioxidant peptides, categorized with a new vision. A wide range of activity evaluation assays, encompassing cellular models, as well as rodent and non-rodent models, are provided in a comprehensive manner. In addition, recent advances in molecular mechanisms are analyzed with specific cases. Finally, the applications of antioxidant peptides in food production, therapy, and cosmetics are systematically reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ping Xiao
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.L.); (Z.Q.)
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Yang K, Han HS, An SH, Park KH, Nam K, Hwang S, Lee Y, Cho SY, Kim T, Choe D, Kim SW, Yu W, Lee H, Park J, You S, Jo DG, Choi KY, Roh YH, Park JH. Mucoadhesive chitosan microcapsules for controlled gastrointestinal delivery and oral bioavailability enhancement of low molecular weight peptides. J Control Release 2024; 365:422-434. [PMID: 37863357 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
A bioactive compound, collagen peptide (CP), is widely used for biological activities such as anti-photoaging and antioxidant effects, with increased oral bioavailability because of its low molecular weight and high hydrophilicity. However, controlling release time and increasing retention time in the digestive tract for a more convenient oral administration is still a challenge. We developed CP-loaded chitosan (CS) microcapsules via strong and rapid ionic gelation using a highly negative phytic acid (PA) crosslinker. The platform enhanced the oral bioavailability of CP with controlled gastrointestinal delivery by utilizing the mucoadhesiveness and tight junction-opening properties of CS. CS and CP concentrations varied from 1.5 to 3.5% and 0-30%, respectively, for optimal and stable microcapsule synthesis. The physicochemical properties, in vitro release profile with intestinal permeability, in vivo oral bioavailability, in vivo biodistribution, anti-photoaging effect, and antioxidant effect of optimized CS microcapsules were analyzed to investigate the impact of controlling parameters. The structure of CS microcapsules was tuned by PA diffused gradient ionic cross-linking degree, resulting in a controlled CP release region in the gastrointestinal tract. The optimized microcapsules increased Cmax, AUC, and tmax by 1.5-, 3.4-, and 8.0-fold, respectively. Furthermore, CP in microcapsules showed anti-photoaging effects by downregulating matrix metalloproteinases-1 via antioxidant effects. According to our knowledge, this is the first study to microencapsulate CP for oral bioavailability enhancement. The peptide delivery method employed is simple, economical, and can be applied to customize bioactive compound administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungjik Yang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Seung Han
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 120, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hwan An
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Keonwook Nam
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Shinha Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuyeon Lee
- Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Yeon Cho
- Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Taehyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Deokyeong Choe
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Kim
- Yonsei University Dairy R&D Center, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonkyu Yu
- Yonsei University Dairy R&D Center, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunah Lee
- Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering, Dongyang Mirae University, 445-8, Gyeongin-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyong Park
- Nutrex Technology, 670 Daewangpangyo-ro, Seongnam 13494, Republic of Korea
| | - SangGuan You
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 120, Republic of Korea; East Coast Research Institute of Life Science, Gangneung-Wonju National University, 120 Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Gyu Jo
- School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ki Young Choi
- Department of Marine Food Science and Technology, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 120, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young Hoon Roh
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; Graduate Program in Bioindustrial Engineering, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Hyung Park
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea; Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Laasri I, Bakkali M, Mejias L, Laglaoui A. Marine collagen: Unveiling the blue resource-extraction techniques and multifaceted applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127253. [PMID: 37806417 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Marine organisms such as fish and shellfish are composed of compounds with properties and characteristics that have been proven useful in a variety of sectors such as cosmetics, healthcare (wound healing), food industries, and tissue engineering. Collagen extraction from fish waste as a "blue resource" has attracted research attention over the past decade. Around 75 % of fish waste contains a high concentration of collagen. This has driven research in the conversion of these low-cost by-products into valuable products. Collagen extracted by acidic or/and enzymatic methods is gaining a lot of attention today due to its low cost and high yield. Fermentation and enzymatic hydrolysis stand out as one of the most environmentally sustainable and ecologically friendly methods for collagen extraction. Because of its great biocompatibility, excellent bioactivity, and low antigenicity, marine collagen is receiving more attention. Furthermore, collagen-derived peptides may exhibit interesting antioxidant activity, potent antihypertensive activity, and antimicrobial activity against different strains of bacteria. This review focuses on the advancements in extraction and detection methods of marine collagen, both from a technological and legislative standpoint, in addition to exploring its diverse range of application domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikhlas Laasri
- Abdelmalek Essaadi university, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tangier, Morocco; BETA Technological Centre, University of Vic-UCC, Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain.
| | - Mohammed Bakkali
- Abdelmalek Essaadi university, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tangier, Morocco
| | - Laura Mejias
- BETA Technological Centre, University of Vic-UCC, Vic, Barcelona 08500, Spain
| | - Amin Laglaoui
- Abdelmalek Essaadi university, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Tangier, Morocco
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8
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Mendoza-Muñoz N, Leyva-Gómez G, Piñón-Segundo E, Zambrano-Zaragoza ML, Quintanar-Guerrero D, Del Prado Audelo ML, Urbán-Morlán Z. Trends in biopolymer science applied to cosmetics. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023; 45:699-724. [PMID: 37402111 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The term biopolymer refers to materials obtained by chemically modifying natural biological substances or producing them through biotechnological processes. They are biodegradable, biocompatible and non-toxic. Due to these advantages, biopolymers have wide applications in conventional cosmetics and new trends and have emerged as essential ingredients that function as rheological modifiers, emulsifiers, film-formers, moisturizers, hydrators, antimicrobials and, more recently, materials with metabolic activity on skin. Developing approaches that exploit these features is a challenge for formulating skin, hair and oral care products and dermatological formulations. This article presents an overview of the use of the principal biopolymers used in cosmetic formulations and describes their sources, recently derived structures, novel applications and safety aspects of the use of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Mendoza-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Piñón-Segundo
- Laboratorio de Sistemas Farmacéuticos de Liberación Modificada, L13, Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico
| | - María L Zambrano-Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Procesos de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes de Alimentos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES-Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Mexico
| | | | - Zaida Urbán-Morlán
- Centro de Información de Medicamentos, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico
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9
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Chen L, Lv Y, Xu F, Zhong F. The effect of oral supplements containing collagen peptides rich in X-Hyp or X-Hyp-Gly compared with normal collagen hydrolysates on skin elasticity and collagen holes: a randomised double-blind clinical study. Food Funct 2023; 14:10628-10638. [PMID: 37970760 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02873a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Collagen peptides enriched with X-Hyp or X-Hyp-Gly have demonstrated resistance to digestive and systemic enzymes, suggesting their potential for improved absorption efficiency and enhancement of skin properties. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of oral supplementation with collagen peptides rich in X-Hyp or X-Hyp-Gly on skin properties in a clinical setting. A double-blind, randomized study was conducted on 30 healthy adult participants aged between 22 and 30. Normal collagen hydrolysates were used as the control, and each participant received a daily powdered drink containing either 5 grams of collagen peptides or hydrolysates (n = 15 in each group) for a period of 42 days. Skin elasticity was evaluated using the Cutometer, revealing a significant increase in the intervention group's skin elasticity (R2 values: 0.86 to 0.92, P < 0.001; R7 values: 0.77 to 0.84, P < 0.001). Collagen synthesis in the dermis was assessed using the SIAscope, demonstrating a substantial increase of 30.67 in the intervention group, while the control group exhibited a marginal increase of 0.49. In vitro digestion and cellular transport models were employed to evaluate the absorption and transport of Hyp-containing collagen peptides. LC-MS analysis demonstrated a significantly higher proportion of small peptide oligomers below 500 Da in the CP product compared to the control group (approximately 70% vs. 50%) after digestion. Additionally, the CP product exhibited a greater uptake of peptides (27%) compared to the control group (21%). These findings highlight the potential use of Hyp-containing collagen peptides with a low molecular weight in food supplements for improving skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing 314050, China
| | - Yuan Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Feifei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing 314050, China
| | - Fang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
- Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- International Joint Laboratory on Food Safety, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Jiaxing Institute of Future Food, Jiaxing 314050, China
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10
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Vieira H, Lestre GM, Solstad RG, Cabral AE, Botelho A, Helbig C, Coppola D, de Pascale D, Robbens J, Raes K, Lian K, Tsirtsidou K, Leal MC, Scheers N, Calado R, Corticeiro S, Rasche S, Altintzoglou T, Zou Y, Lillebø AI. Current and Expected Trends for the Marine Chitin/Chitosan and Collagen Value Chains. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:605. [PMID: 38132926 PMCID: PMC10744996 DOI: 10.3390/md21120605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitin/chitosan and collagen are two of the most important bioactive compounds, with applications in the pharmaceutical, veterinary, nutraceutical, cosmetic, biomaterials, and other industries. When extracted from non-edible parts of fish and shellfish, by-catches, and invasive species, their use contributes to a more sustainable and circular economy. The present article reviews the scientific knowledge and publication trends along the marine chitin/chitosan and collagen value chains and assesses how researchers, industry players, and end-users can bridge the gap between scientific understanding and industrial applications. Overall, research on chitin/chitosan remains focused on the compound itself rather than its market applications. Still, chitin/chitosan use is expected to increase in food and biomedical applications, while that of collagen is expected to increase in biomedical, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and nutritional applications. Sustainable practices, such as the reuse of waste materials, contribute to strengthen both value chains; the identified weaknesses include the lack of studies considering market trends, social sustainability, and profitability, as well as insufficient examination of intellectual property rights. Government regulations, market demand, consumer preferences, technological advancements, environmental challenges, and legal frameworks play significant roles in shaping both value chains. Addressing these factors is crucial for seizing opportunities, fostering sustainability, complying with regulations, and maintaining competitiveness in these constantly evolving value chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Vieira
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Gonçalo Moura Lestre
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Runar Gjerp Solstad
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Ana Elisa Cabral
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Anabela Botelho
- GOVCOPP—Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies, DEGEIT, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Carlos Helbig
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Daniela Coppola
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Donatella de Pascale
- Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Via Ammiraglio Ferdinando Acton 55, 80133 Napoli, Italy; (D.C.); (D.d.P.)
| | - Johan Robbens
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ILVO, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium; (J.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Katleen Raes
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Kjersti Lian
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Kyriaki Tsirtsidou
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, ILVO, Aquatic Environment and Quality, Jacobsenstraat 1, 8400 Ostend, Belgium; (J.R.); (K.T.)
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Miguel C. Leal
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Nathalie Scheers
- Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Göteborg, Sweden;
| | - Ricardo Calado
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
| | - Sofia Corticeiro
- CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (H.V.); (G.M.L.); (S.C.)
| | - Stefan Rasche
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Forckenbeckstrasse 6, 52074 Aachen, Germany; (C.H.); (S.R.)
| | - Themistoklis Altintzoglou
- Nofima Norwegian Institute of Food Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, Muninbakken 9-13, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (R.G.S.); (K.L.); (T.A.)
| | - Yang Zou
- Research Unit VEG-i-TEC, Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Ghent University Campus Kortrijk, Graaf Karel de Goedelaan 5, 8500 Kortrijk, Belgium; (K.R.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Ana I. Lillebø
- ECOMARE, CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Biology, Santiago University Campus, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (A.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (R.C.)
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11
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Shalaby M, Hamouda D, Khedr SM, Mostafa HM, Saeed H, Ghareeb AZ. Nanoparticles fabricated from the bioactive tilapia scale collagen for wound healing: Experimental approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0282557. [PMID: 37862350 PMCID: PMC10588885 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The creation of innovative wound-healing nanomaterials based on natural compounds emerges as a top research goal. This research aimed to create a gel containing collagen nanoparticles and evaluate its therapeutic potential for skin lesions. Collagen nanoparticles were produced from fish scales using desolvation techniques. Using SDS PAGE electrophoresis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) as well as the structure of the isolated collagen and its similarities to collagen type 1 were identified. The surface morphology of the isolated collagen and its reformulation into nanoparticles were examined using transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A Zeta sizer was used to examine the size, zeta potential, and distribution of the synthesized collagen nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity of the nanomaterials was investigated and an experimental model was used to evaluate the wound healing capability. The overall collagen output from Tilapia fish scales was 42%. Electrophoretic patterns revealed that the isolated collagen included a unique protein with chain bands of 126-132 kDa and an elevated beta band of 255 kDa. When compared to the isolated collagen, the collagen nanoparticles' FTIR results revealed a significant drop in the amide II (42% decrease) and amide III (32% decrease) band intensities. According to SEM analysis, the generated collagen nanoparticles ranged in size from 100 to 350 nm, with an average diameter of 182 nm determined by the zeta sizer. The produced collagen nanoparticles were polydispersed in nature and had an equivalent average zeta potential of -17.7 mV. Cytotoxicity study showed that, when treating fibroblast cells with collagen nanoparticle concentrations, very mild morphological alterations were detected after human skin fibroblasts were treated with collagen nanoparticles 32 μg/ml for 24 hours, as higher concentrations of collagen nanoparticles caused cell detachment. Macroscopical and histological investigations proved that the fabricated fish scale collagen nanoparticles promoted the healing process in comparison to the saline group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Shalaby
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
- Centre of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Dalia Hamouda
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M. Khedr
- Centre of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Haitham M. Mostafa
- Medical Biotechnology Department, Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hesham Saeed
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Z. Ghareeb
- Centre of Excellence for Drug Preclinical Studies (CE-DPS), Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industry Development Centre, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, New Borg El Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
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12
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Qiao C, He M, Wang S, Jiang X, Wang F, Li X, Tan S, Chao Z, Xin W, Gao S, Yuan J, Li Q, Xu Z, Zheng X, Zhao J, Liu G. Multi-omics analysis reveals substantial linkages between the oral-gut microbiomes and inflamm-aging molecules in elderly pigs. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1250891. [PMID: 37789859 PMCID: PMC10542583 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1250891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The accelerated aging of the global population has emerged as a critical public health concern, with increasing recognition of the influential role played by the microbiome in shaping host well-being. Nonetheless, there remains a dearth of understanding regarding the functional alterations occurring within the microbiota and their intricate interactions with metabolic pathways across various stages of aging. Methods This study employed a comprehensive metagenomic analysis encompassing saliva and stool samples obtained from 45 pigs representing three distinct age groups, alongside serum metabolomics and lipidomics profiling. Results Our findings unveiled discernible modifications in the gut and oral microbiomes, serum metabolome, and lipidome at each age stage. Specifically, we identified 87 microbial species in stool samples and 68 in saliva samples that demonstrated significant age-related changes. Notably, 13 species in stool, including Clostridiales bacterium, Lactobacillus johnsonii, and Oscillibacter spp., exhibited age-dependent alterations, while 15 salivary species, such as Corynebacterium xerosis, Staphylococcus sciuri, and Prevotella intermedia, displayed an increase with senescence, accompanied by a notable enrichment of pathogenic organisms. Concomitant with these gut-oral microbiota changes were functional modifications observed in pathways such as cell growth and death (necroptosis), bacterial infection disease, and aging (longevity regulating pathway) throughout the aging process. Moreover, our metabolomics and lipidomics analyses unveiled the accumulation of inflammatory metabolites or the depletion of beneficial metabolites and lipids as aging progressed. Furthermore, we unraveled a complex interplay linking the oral-gut microbiota with serum metabolites and lipids. Discussion Collectively, our findings illuminate novel insights into the potential contributions of the oral-gut microbiome and systemic circulating metabolites and lipids to host lifespan and healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanmin Qiao
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory, Sanya, China
| | - Maozhang He
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Shumei Wang
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xinjie Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xinjian Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shuyi Tan
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zhe Chao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Wenshui Xin
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Shuai Gao
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jingli Yuan
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zichun Xu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Xinli Zheng
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Jianguo Zhao
- Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
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13
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Duarte M, Carvalho MJ, de Carvalho NM, Azevedo-Silva J, Mendes A, Ribeiro IP, Fernandes JC, Oliveira ALS, Oliveira C, Pintado M, Amaro A, Madureira AR. Skincare potential of a sustainable postbiotic extract produced through sugarcane straw fermentation by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biofactors 2023; 49:1038-1060. [PMID: 37317790 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Postbiotics are defined as a "preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host." They can be produced by fermentation, using culture media with glucose (carbon source), and lactic acid bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, and/or yeast, mainly Saccharomyces cerevisiae as fermentative microorganisms. Postbiotics comprise different metabolites, and have important biological properties (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, etc.), thus their cosmetic application should be considered. During this work, the postbiotics production was carried out by fermentation with sugarcane straw, as a source of carbon and phenolic compounds, and as a sustainable process to obtain bioactive extracts. For the production of postbiotics, a saccharification process was carried out with cellulase at 55°C for 24 h. Fermentation was performed sequentially after saccharification at 30°C, for 72 h, using S. cerevisiae. The cells-free extract was characterized regarding its composition, antioxidant activity, and skincare potential. Its use was safe at concentrations below ~20 mg mL-1 (extract's dry weight in deionized water) for keratinocytes and ~ 7.5 mg mL-1 for fibroblasts. It showed antioxidant activity, with ABTS IC50 of 1.88 mg mL-1 , and inhibited elastase and tyrosinase activities by 83.4% and 42.4%, respectively, at the maximum concentration tested (20 mg mL-1 ). In addition, it promoted the production of cytokeratin 14, and demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity at a concentration of 10 mg mL-1 . In the skin microbiota of human volunteers, the extract inhibited Cutibacterium acnes and the Malassezia genus. Shortly, postbiotics were successfully produced using sugarcane straw, and showed bioactive properties that potentiate their use in cosmetic/skincare products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Duarte
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria João Carvalho
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Nelson Mota de Carvalho
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Azevedo-Silva
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Adélia Mendes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Pinto Ribeiro
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
- Amyris Bio Products Portugal, Unipessoal Lda, Porto, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Fernandes
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana L S Oliveira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuela Pintado
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Amaro
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Raquel Madureira
- CBQF - Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina - Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Porto, Portugal
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14
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Hwang SB, Park HJ, Lee BH. Collagen Hydrolysate from the Scales of Mozambique Tilapia ( Oreochromis mossambicus) Improve Hair and Skin Health by Alleviating Oxidative Stress and Inflammation and Promoting Hair Growth and Extracellular Matrix Factors. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:475. [PMID: 37755088 PMCID: PMC10533131 DOI: 10.3390/md21090475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish-derived collagen hydrolysate (CH) has shown promise in improving hair and skin health. Therefore, this study sought to comprehensively assess the effects of CH extracted from Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) scales on hair and skin using in vitro and in vivo models. Human dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) were used for antioxidant and gene expression analyses, while C57BL/6 mice were orally administered CH for six weeks to assess hair growth patterns. The mice were divided into four groups: negative control (NC; distilled water), positive control (PC; 1 mg/kg finasteride), CH500 (500 mg/kg BW CH), and CH1000 (1000 mg/kg BW CH). CH mitigated catalase activity reduction in hDPCs, increased IGF-1 and VEGF levels, and decreased TGF-β1, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression. In vivo, CH treatment improved hair growth index, length, diameter, weight, and density. Scanning electron microscopy revealed reduced hair damage. Moreover, CH up-regulated IGF-1, VEGF, Elastin, and HAS2 mRNA expression while down-regulating TNF-α and IL-1β. CH enhanced hair shine, growth, and skin health while alleviating inflammation. These findings demonstrate the potential of CH in alleviating oxidative stress, promoting hair growth, and enhancing skin health, both in vitro and in vivo. Fish-derived CH offers a cost-effective and bioavailable option for improving hair and skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bog-Hieu Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea; (S.B.H.); (H.J.P.)
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15
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Graciela CQ, José Juan EC, Gieraldin CL, Xóchitl Alejandra PM, Gabriel AÁ. Hyaluronic Acid-Extraction Methods, Sources and Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3473. [PMID: 37631529 PMCID: PMC10459667 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In this review, a compilation of articles in databases on the extraction methods and applications of hyaluronic acid (HA) was carried out. HA is a highly hydrated component of different tissues, including connective, epithelial, and neural. It is an anionic, linear glycosaminoglycan (GAG) primarily found in the native extracellular matrix (ECM) of soft connective tissues. Included in the review were studies on the extraction methods (chemical, enzymatical, combined) of HA, describing advantages and disadvantages as well as news methods of extraction. The applications of HA in food are addressed, including oral supplementation, biomaterials, medical research, and pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry applications. Subsequently, we included a section related to the structure and penetration routes of the skin, with emphasis on the benefits of systems for transdermal drug delivery nanocarriers as promoters of percutaneous absorption. Finally, the future trends on the applications of HA were included. This final section contains the effects before, during, and after the application of HA-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Callejas-Quijada Graciela
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Escobar-Chávez José Juan
- Unidad de Investigación Multidisciplinaria, Laboratorio 12: Sistemas Transdérmicos, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuautitlán Izcalli C.P. 54714, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Campos-Lozada Gieraldin
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Pérez-Marroquín Xóchitl Alejandra
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
| | - Aguirre-Álvarez Gabriel
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km. 1 Rancho Universitario, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (C.-Q.G.); (C.-L.G.); (P.-M.X.A.)
- Uni-Collagen S.A. de C.V., Arnulfo González No. 203, El Paraíso, Tulancingo C.P. 43684, Hidalgo, Mexico
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16
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Hastaoğlu F, Hastaoğlu E, Bağlam N, Taş İN. Sensorial and Nutritional Properties of a Collagen-Fortified Snack Bar Designed for the Elderly. Nutrients 2023; 15:3620. [PMID: 37630810 PMCID: PMC10459847 DOI: 10.3390/nu15163620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to develop a highly consumable collagen-containing bar that contributes to enriching the diets of elderly individuals, in terms of energy and nutrients. METHOD For this purpose, five different bar samples (C, P1, P2, D1, D2) containing different amounts of collagen, date puree, and pumpkin puree were developed and subsequently evaluated in terms of their sensory and nutritional properties by a panel of 30 adult trained sensorial analysists. RESULTS The bars with the highest flavor score were those with high levels of collagen and pumpkin puree (P2) and date puree (D2). For the analyses of multiple criteria among multiple samples, the TOPSIS technique showed that among the snack bar samples with different contents, the most liked sample was the one with a high level of collagen and date puree (D2). One serving of the developed bars contains approximately 300-400 kcal of energy and 6.8-8.8 g of protein. Considering age-related decreased appetite, as well as chewing and swallowing problems in elderly individuals, regular consumption of nutrient-rich small meals or snacks with enhanced sensory characteristics could contribute to improving nutritional and functional status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Hastaoğlu
- Department of Elderly Care, Vocational School of Health, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
- Gerontology Studies Research and Application Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Emre Hastaoğlu
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
- Food Studies Research and Application Center, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey
| | - Nurcan Bağlam
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
| | - İrem Nur Taş
- Department of Gastronomy and Culinary Arts, Faculty of Tourism, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas 58140, Turkey;
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17
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Lv H, Gao N, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Ling G, Zhang P. Collagen-Based Dissolving Microneedles with Flexible Pedestals: A Transdermal Delivery System for Both Anti-Aging and Skin Diseases. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2203295. [PMID: 37029522 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202203295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible polymer microneedles (MNs) are emerging as a promising platform for transdermal drug delivery, especially for facial treatments. Therefore, an MN patch in this study uses hydrolyzed collagen (HC) contained in skin cells as the main raw material and adopts a two-step cast method to develop a rapidly dissolving microneedle (DMN) to deliver collagen in a simple and minimally invasive way, allowing the release of the encapsulated drug in the skin. By optimizing the formulation and proportion of HC and auxiliary support materials, the mechanical strength required to pierce the skin is obtained, while the soft pedestal allows for flexibility in application. The DMNs can dissolve completely in the skin within 15 min and release within ≈ 8 h, and do not cause toxicity or irritation when being applied. In contrast to the ineffectiveness of oral and external application, and the high risk of dermal injection, drug-loaded DMNs overcome the drawbacks of traditional methods with direct penetration and minimally invasive manner, enabling efficient and safe treatment. The successful preparation and research of HC DMNs have innovative and practical significance in this field, and it is expected to become a simple, effective, and popular transdermal drug delivery platform for cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongqian Lv
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Nan Gao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Qixin Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Guixia Ling
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, China
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18
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Guerle-Cavero R, Balfagón-Costa A. Study of Elastin, Hydrolyzed Collagen and Collagen-like Products in a Tri-Layered Chitosan Membrane to Test Anti-Aging Skin Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11016. [PMID: 37446192 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of animal testing in the cosmetic industry is already prohibited in more than 40 countries, including those of the EU. The pressure for it to be banned worldwide in the future is increasing, so the need for animal alternatives is of great interest today. In addition, using animals and humans in scientific research is ethically reprehensible. This study aimed to prove some of the anti-aging properties of elastin (EL), hydrolyzed collagen (HC), and two vegan collagen-like products (Veg Col) in a tri-layered chitosan membrane that was ionically crosslinked with sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP). In the first approach, as a way of representing different layers of a biological system, such as the epidermis and the two dermis sublayers, EL, HC, or Veg Col were independently introduced into the two inner layers (2L(i+b)). Their effects were compared with those of their introduction into three layers (3L). Different experiments were performed on the membrane to test its elasticity, hydration, moisture retention, and pore reduction at different concentrations of EL, HC, and Veg Col, and the results were normalized vs. a blank membrane. This new alternative to animal or human testing can be suitable for proving certain efficacy claims for active ingredients or products in the pharmaceutical, nutritional, and cosmetic fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Guerle-Cavero
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Balfagón-Costa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Research Group, Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
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19
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Xu S, Zhao Y, Song W, Zhang C, Wang Q, Li R, Shen Y, Gong S, Li M, Sun L. Improving the Sustainability of Processing By-Products: Extraction and Recent Biological Activities of Collagen Peptides. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101965. [PMID: 37238782 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Society and consumers are increasingly concerned about food safety and the sustainability of food production systems. A significant amount of by-products and discards are generated during the processing of aquatic animals, which still needs to be fully utilized by the food industry. The management and sustainable use of these resources are essential to avoiding environmental pollution and resource waste. These by-products are rich in biologically active proteins, which can be converted into peptides by enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation treatment. Therefore, exploring the extraction of collagen peptides from these by-products using an enzymatic hydrolysis technology has attracted a wide range of attention from numerous researchers. Collagen peptides have been found to possess multiple biological activities, including antioxidant, anticancer, antitumor, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. These properties can enhance the physiological functions of organisms and make collagen peptides useful as ingredients in food, pharmaceuticals, or cosmetics. This paper reviews the general methods for extracting collagen peptides from various processing by-products of aquatic animals, including fish skin, scales, bones, and offal. It also summarizes the functional activities of collagen peptides as well as their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Xu
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yuping Zhao
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Wenshan Song
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, No. 23, Hong Kong East Road, Qingdao 266073, China
| | - Chengpeng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Qiuting Wang
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Yanyan Shen
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Shunmin Gong
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Mingbo Li
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Leilei Sun
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, No. 30, Qing Quan Road, Yantai 264005, China
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20
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Ermini ML, Summa M, Zamborlin A, Frusca V, Mapanao AK, Mugnaioli E, Bertorelli R, Voliani V. Copper nano-architecture topical cream for the accelerated recovery of burnt skin. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:1212-1219. [PMID: 36798506 PMCID: PMC9926901 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00786j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Skin burns are debilitating injuries with significant morbidity and mortality associated with infections and sepsis, particularly in immunocompromised patients. In this context, nanotechnology can provide pioneering approaches for the topical treatment of burnt skin. Herein, the significant recovery of radiation-damaged skin by exploiting copper ultrasmall-in-nano architectures (CuNAs) dispersed in a home-made cosmetic cream is described and compared to other noble metals (such as gold). Owing to their peculiar design and components, CuNAs elicit a substantial recovery from burned skin in in vivo models after one topical application, and a significant anti-inflammatory effect is highlighted by reducing cytokine expression. The treatment exhibited neither significant toxicity nor the alteration of copper metabolism in the target organs because of the CuNA biocompatibility. This study may open new horizons in the treatment of radiation dermatitis and skin burns caused by other external events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Laura Ermini
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
| | - Maria Summa
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 30 - 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Agata Zamborlin
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
- NEST-Scuola Normale Superiore Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
| | - Valentina Frusca
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
- Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna Piazza Martiri della Libertà 33 56127 Pisa Italy
| | - Ana Katrina Mapanao
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Paul Scherrer Institute 5232 Villigen-PSI Switzerland
| | - Enrico Mugnaioli
- Department of Earth Sciences, University of Pisa Via S. Maria 53 56126 Pisa Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Translational Pharmacology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Via Morego 30 - 16163 Genoa Italy
| | - Valerio Voliani
- Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia Piazza San Silvestro 12 - 56127 Pisa Italy
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa Viale Cembrano 4 - 16148 Genoa Italy
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21
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Azelee NIW, Noor NM, Rasid ZIA, Suhaimi SH, Salamun N, Jasman SM, Manas NHA, Hasham@Hisam R. Marine waste for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical production. VALORIZATION OF WASTES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 2023:241-272. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-95417-4.00010-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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22
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Kim JM, Chung KS, Yoon YS, Jang SY, Heo SW, Park G, Jang YP, Ahn HS, Shin YK, Lee SH, Lee KT. Dieckol Isolated from Eisenia bicyclis Ameliorates Wrinkling and Improves Skin Hydration via MAPK/AP-1 and TGF-β/Smad Signaling Pathways in UVB-Irradiated Hairless Mice. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20120779. [PMID: 36547926 PMCID: PMC9785544 DOI: 10.3390/md20120779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Repetitive exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) is one of the main causes of skin photoaging. We previously reported that dieckol isolated from Eisenia bicyclis extract has potential anti-photoaging effects in UVB-irradiated Hs68 cells. Here, we aimed to evaluate the anti-photoaging activity of dieckol in a UVB-irradiated hairless mouse model. In this study, hairless mice were exposed to UVB for eight weeks. At the same time, dieckol at two doses (5 or 10 mg/kg) was administered orally three times a week. We found that dieckol suppressed UVB-induced collagen degradation and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-1, -3, and -9 expression by regulating transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β)/Smad2/3 and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs)/activator protein-1 (AP-1) signaling. In addition, dieckol rescued the production of hyaluronic acid (HA) and effectively restored the mRNA expression of hyaluronan synthase (HAS)-1/-2 and hyaluronidase (HYAL)-1/-2 in UVB-irradiated hairless mice. We observed a significant reduction in transepidermal water loss (TEWL), epidermal/dermal thickness, and wrinkle formation in hairless mice administered dieckol. Based on these results, we suggest that dieckol, due to its anti-photoaging role, may be used as a nutricosmetic ingredient for improving skin health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Min Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Sook Chung
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Seo Yoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Yun Jang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Fundamental Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Won Heo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Geonha Park
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Pyo Jang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Shin Ahn
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyong Shin
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Hee Lee
- Department of New Material Development, COSMAXBIO, Seongnam 13486, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-9610860
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23
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Kim J, Lee SG, Lee J, Choi S, Suk J, Lee JH, Yang JH, Yang JS, Kim J. Oral Supplementation of Low-Molecular-Weight Collagen Peptides Reduces Skin Wrinkles and Improves Biophysical Properties of Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Study. J Med Food 2022; 25:1146-1154. [PMID: 36516059 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2022.k.0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Orally administered collagen peptides could contribute to antiaging by replacing the degraded extracellular matrix proteins caused by photoaging. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides for treating photoaged and dry skin. In this randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blinded trial, we randomly assigned study participants (n = 100) to either the test product group or placebo group at a 1:1 ratio for 12 weeks. The wrinkle scale score, eye wrinkle volume, roughness parameters, such as the average maximum height of the wrinkle (Rz), arithmetic average within the total measuring length of the wrinkle (Ra), maximum profile valley depth of the wrinkle (Rv), and skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), overall elasticity (R2), and ratio of elastic recovery to total deformation (R7) were evaluated at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Safety assessments with serial blood tests were also conducted. Efficacy assessments of data from 84 participants were conducted as the per-protocol analysis. After 12 weeks, the 10-grade crow's feet photo scale score, eye wrinkle volume, skin roughness parameters (Rz, Ra, and Rv), skin elasticity (R2 and R7), skin hydration, and TEWL were significantly improved in the test product group compared to the placebo group. There were no adverse events or abnormalities according to laboratory analysis associated with using the test material during the study period. This study showed that the oral supplementation of low-molecular-weight collagen peptides could improve the wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, and barrier integrity of photoaged facial skin. This clinical study was registered with the Korean Clinical Research Information Service and International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (No: KCT0006500).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemin Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center; Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joohee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sooyeon Choi
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jangmi Suk
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Severance Hospital, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center; Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo Hwan Yang
- Department of Research and Development, Geltech, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sung Yang
- Department of Research and Development, Geltech, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Kim
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center; Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Department of Dermatology, Yongin Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Korea
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24
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Antioxidant Properties of Hemp Proteins: From Functional Food to Phytotherapy and Beyond. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227924. [PMID: 36432024 PMCID: PMC9693028 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the oldest plants cultivated by humans, hemp used to be banned in the United States but returned as a legal crop in 2018. Since then, the United States has become the leading hemp producer in the world. Currently, hemp attracts increasing attention from consumers and scientists as hemp products provide a wide spectrum of potential functions. Particularly, bioactive peptides derived from hemp proteins have been proven to be strong antioxidants, which is an extremely hot research topic in recent years. However, some controversial disputes and unknown issues are still underway to be explored and verified in the aspects of technique, methodology, characteristic, mechanism, application, caution, etc. Therefore, this review focusing on the antioxidant properties of hemp proteins is necessary to discuss the multiple critical issues, including in vitro structure-modifying techniques and antioxidant assays, structure-activity relationships of antioxidant peptides, pre-clinical studies on hemp proteins and pathogenesis-related molecular mechanisms, usage and potential hazard, and novel advanced techniques involving bioinformatics methodology (QSAR, PPI, GO, KEGG), proteomic analysis, and genomics analysis, etc. Taken together, the antioxidant potential of hemp proteins may provide both functional food benefits and phytotherapy efficacy to human health.
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25
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Sohail M, Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig M, Akhtar N, Chen Y, Xie B, Li B. Topical lycopene emulgel significantly improves biophysical parameters of human skin. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2022; 180:281-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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26
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Muacevic A, Adler JR. Skin Grafting, Cryopreservation, and Diseases: A Review Article. Cureus 2022; 14:e30202. [PMID: 36381893 PMCID: PMC9650914 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.30202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Food supplements may be consumed through diet and have been shown to modify skin functions, making them helpful in the management of skin aging. However, there are not many clinical trials that back up these assertions. The stratum corneum, which acts as the organism's contact with its environment, is the principal function of the epidermis of land vertebrates. Antioxidants are chemicals that slow down or prevent other molecules from oxidizing. In people's diets, their use has considerably expanded in recent years. Due to their benefits for health, nutrition, and therapy, natural antioxidants are increasingly being used in place of synthetic antioxidant components. A popular component thought to be an antioxidant is hydrolyzed collagen. With aging comes a steady loss of physiological integrity, capacity to handle stress from the inside out, and function. This is a byproduct of several intricate biological processes that are affected by diseases both local and systemic as well as constitutive and environmental variables. Systemic and constitutive (genetic) variables influence skin aging and its phenotypic manifestation. The biological process of skin aging is complicated and impacted by both external and endogenous causes. The primary contributor to skin cancer is sun exposure. Ultraviolet radiation from the sun can kill skin cells by directly absorbing DNA damage. The skin's hydration is a crucial factor that affects its mechanical and physical characteristics. This study looks at how the stratum corneum's molecular and macroscopic characteristics interact and change with skin wetness. Although there is little information written about them and even less is understood about them, moisturizers are a crucial component of a dermatologist's toolkit. There is a plethora of anticipated skin products on the market, but their true scientific function is yet unknown. These items play a well-known part in many skin problems, while occasionally being dismissed as simple cosmetics.
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27
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In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation of Mangifera indica L. Extract-Loaded Green Nanoparticles in Topical Emulsion against Oxidative Stress and Aging. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092266. [PMID: 36140367 PMCID: PMC9496353 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Mangifera indica L. extract (M-Ext) of the peel and kernel possesses potent antioxidant and excellent antiaging qualities, the effects are only partially seen because of the skin’s limited ability to absorb it. M-Ext was loaded into nanolipid carriers (M-NLCs) in this work to create a green topical formulation that would boost antiaging efficacy and address penetration deficit. Compound identification was done using GCMS and atomic absorption spectroscopy for heavy metals in M-Ext. M-Ext was also evaluated against oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes. The M-NLCs were fabricated and evaluated for their physicochemical characterizations. Cytotoxicity and cell permeation analysis of M-Ext and M-NLCs were carried out in fibroblasts and HaCaT cell lines. An ex vivo permeation study of M-Ext and M-NLC-loaded emulsion was performed through rat skin and the kinetic parameters were determined. Kinetic data showed that the ex vivo permeation of M-NLC-loaded emulsion through rat skin followed the Higuchi model. The safety profile was evaluated in human volunteers after written consent. Three months’ in vivo investigations were conducted using the optimized M-NLC-loaded emulsion and vehicle (B-NLC-loaded emulsion) on human cheeks for comparison. The volunteers’ skin erythema level, melanin contents, TEWL index, moisture contents, sebum level, elasticity, pH, and pore size were examined after the first, second, and third month via noninvasive techniques. There were significant findings for physicochemical characterizations and in vitro and ex vivo studies. The findings demonstrate that the green nanolipid carriers amplified the overall antioxidant effectiveness and may represent an emerging treatment strategy for oxidative stresses and aging.
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28
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Campos-Lozada G, Pérez-Marroquín XA, Callejas-Quijada G, Campos-Montiel RG, Morales-Peñaloza A, León-López A, Aguirre-Álvarez G. The Effect of High-Intensity Ultrasound and Natural Oils on the Extraction and Antioxidant Activity of Lycopene from Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Waste. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11071404. [PMID: 35883895 PMCID: PMC9311867 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11071404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The extraction of lycopene was carried out with three types of vegetable oils (grape, extra virgin olive, and peanut) by means of two methods: agitation and high-intensity ultrasound with a frequency of 20 kHz at an amplitude of 80% with periods of 40 s of sonication for 20 min at a temperature of 40 °C. The antioxidant determination by inhibition of ABTS and DPPH radicals showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) for inhibition of the ABTS radical in native oils and oils with lycopene. However, the radical DPPH showed that the native oils presented significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) compared to the samples with lycopene. FTIR spectra revealed the characteristic functional groups of lycopene exhibiting two characteristic peaks at 2923 cm−1 and 2957 cm−1. The DSC thermograms showed that the higher the degree of oil unsaturation, the lower the melting temperatures. Olive oil was the least unsaturated with the highest amount of oleic fatty acid. Grapeseed oil reported the lowest melting temperature at around −24.64 °C. Extra virgin olive oil showed the lightest values (L* = 41.08 ± 0.45) of brightness, and the peanut oil with lycopene was the darkest (L* = 16.72 ± 0.05). The extraction of lycopene from organic wastes treated with agitation and ultrasound was satisfactory reducing the use of conventional solvents. However, extraction with olive oil under agitation showed the best results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gieraldin Campos-Lozada
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
| | - Xóchitl Alejandra Pérez-Marroquín
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
| | - Graciela Callejas-Quijada
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
| | - Rafael G. Campos-Montiel
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
| | - Alejandro Morales-Peñaloza
- Escuela Superior de Apan, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Carretera Apan-Calpulalpan s/n, Colonia Chimalpa Tlalayote, Apan C.P. 43920, Hidalgo, Mexico;
| | - Arely León-López
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
| | - Gabriel Aguirre-Álvarez
- Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Av. Universidad Km 1, Tulancingo C.P. 43600, Hidalgo, Mexico; (G.C.-L.); (X.A.P.-M.); (G.C.-Q.); (R.G.C.-M.); (A.L.-L.)
- Uni-Collagen S.A. de C.V. Arnulfo González No. 203, El Paraíso, Tulancingo C.P. 43684, Hidalgo, Mexico
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-775-145-9265
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Multi-pin contact drawing enables production of anisotropic collagen fiber substrates for alignment of fibroblasts and monocytes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 215:112525. [PMID: 35500531 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Type I collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body and is known to play important roles in numerous biological processes including tissue morphogenesis and wound healing. As such, it is one of the most frequently used substrates for cell culture, and there have been considerable efforts to develop collagen-based cell culture substrates that mimic the structural organization of collagen as it is found in native tissues, i.e., collagen fibers. However, producing collagen fibers from extracted collagen has been notoriously difficult, with existing methods providing only low throughput production of collagen fibers. In this study, we prepared collagen fibers using a highly efficient, bio-friendly, and cost-effective approach termed contact drawing, which uses an entangled polymer fluid to aid in fiber formation. Contact drawing technology has been demonstrated previously for collagen using highly concentrated dextran solutions with low concentrations of collagen. Here, we show that by replacing dextran with polyethylene oxide (PEO), high collagen content fibers may be readily formed from mixtures of soluble collagen and PEO, a polymer that readily forms fibers by contact drawing at concentrations as low as 0.5%wt. The presence of collagen and the formation of well-ordered collagen structures in the resulting fibers were characterized by attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectromicroscopy, Raman spectromicroscopy, and fluorescence microscopy. Corresponding to well-ordered collagen, the mechanical properties of the PEO-collagen fibers approximated those observed for native collagen fibers. Growth of cells on aligned PEO-collagen fibers attached to a polydimethyl siloxane support was examined for human dermal fibroblast (WS1) and human peripheral leukemia blood monocyte (THP-1) cell lines. WS1 and THP-1 cells readily attached, displayed alignment through migration and spreading, and proliferated on the collagen fiber substrate over the course of several days. We also demonstrated the retrieval of viable cells from the PEO-collagen fiber substrates through enzymatic digestion of the collagen substrate with collagenase IV.
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Yousry C, Saber MM, Abd-Elsalam WH. A Cosmeceutical Topical Water-in-Oil Nanoemulsion of Natural Bioactives: Design of Experiment, in vitro Characterization, and in vivo Skin Performance Against UVB Irradiation-Induced Skin Damages. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:2995-3012. [PMID: 35832117 PMCID: PMC9272272 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s363779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Damage to human skin occurs either chronologically or through repetitive exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, where collagen photodegradation leads to the formation of wrinkles and skin imperfections. Consequently, cosmeceutical products containing natural bioactives to restore or regenerate collagen have gained a remarkable attention as an ameliorative remedy. Methods This study aimed to develop and optimize collagen-loaded water-in-oil nanoemulsion (W/O NE) through a D-optimal mixture design to achieve an ideal multifunctional nanosystem containing active constituents. Vit E was included as a constituent of the formulation for its antioxidant properties to minimize the destructive impact of UV radiation. The formulated systems were characterized in terms of their globule size, optical clarity, and viscosity. An optimized system was selected and evaluated for its physical stability, in vitro wound healing properties, and in vivo permeation and protection against UV radiation. In addition, the effect of collagen-loaded NE was compared to Vit C-loaded NE and collagen-/Vit C-loaded NEs mixture as Vit C is known to enhance collagen production within the skin. Results The optimized NE was formulated with 25% oils (Vit E: safflower oil, 1:3), 54.635% surfactant/cosurfactant (Span 80: Kolliphor EL: Arlasolve, 1:1:1), and 20.365% water. The optimized NE loaded with either collagen or Vit C exhibited a skin-friendly appearance with boosted permeability, and improved cell viability and wound healing properties on fibroblast cell lines. Moreover, the in vivo study and histopathological investigations confirmed the efficacy of the developed system to protect the skin against UV damage. The results revealed that the effect of collagen-/Vit C-loaded NEs mixture was more pronounced, as both drugs reduced the skin damage to an extent that it was free from any detectable alterations. Conclusion NE formulated using Vit E and containing collagen and/or Vit C could be a promising ameliorative remedy for skin protection against UVB irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Yousry
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona M Saber
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wessam H Abd-Elsalam
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Correspondence: Wessam H Abd-Elsalam, Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, Email
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Lubart R, Yariv I, Fixler D, Lipovsky A. A Novel Facial Cream Based on Skin-penetrable Fibrillar Collagen Microparticles. THE JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND AESTHETIC DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:59-64. [PMID: 35642230 PMCID: PMC9122277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Collagen protein plays a notable role maintaining firm skin. Topical creams containing collagen fibers are widely available, but their usefulness is questionable due to limited skin penetration. When applied in a cream, collagen does not penetrate the skin leaving the skin structure unaffected. OBJECTIVE We formulated micronized collagen in a cream base. Using human skin samples, we sought to investigate the ability of the micronized collagen cream to penetrate human skin. METHODS Particle sizes of micronized marine collagen were evaluated using electron microscopy. Optical profilometry was conducted to evaluate skin topography and roughness. The antioxidant activity of the collagen was evaluated using the electron paramagnetic resonance technique by measuring the changes in free radical production. Collagen penetration depth in human skin samples was monitored using a non-invasive optical technique known as iterative multiplane optical property extraction, which works based on the detection of laser light phase changes following the presence of collagen particles in deep skin layers. RESULTS According to the electron microscopy, collagen particles were found to be of various sizes, the smallest being about 120nm in diameter. Skin topography measurements revealed that the treated collagen cream increased skin smoothness of the samples. Our results derived from the iterative multiplane optical property extraction indicated that micronized collagen in a cream base penetrates both the stratum corneum and the deep epidermal layers toward the dermis. CONCLUSION Our investigation suggests that the collagen in the studied cream formulation was able to penetrate the stratum coreum and deep epidermal layers in human skin samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lubart
- Dr. Lubart is with the Chemistry Department and Physics of Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Inbar Yariv
- Drs. Yariv and Fixler are with the Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials at Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Dror Fixler
- Drs. Yariv and Fixler are with the Faculty of Engineering and the Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials at Bar Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anat Lipovsky
- Dr. Lipovsky is with Hava Zingboim Ltd., Ramat-Gan, Israel
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Timorshina S, Popova E, Osmolovskiy A. Sustainable Applications of Animal Waste Proteins. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081601. [PMID: 35458349 PMCID: PMC9027211 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, the growth of the global population leads to an increase in demand for agricultural products. Expanding the obtaining and consumption of food products results in a scale up in the amount of by-products formed, the development of processing methods for which is becoming an urgent task of modern science. Collagen and keratin make up a significant part of the animal origin protein waste, and the potential for their biotechnological application is almost inexhaustible. The specific fibrillar structure allows collagen and keratin to be in demand in bioengineering in various forms and formats, as a basis for obtaining hydrogels, nanoparticles and scaffolds for regenerative medicine and targeted drug delivery, films for the development of biodegradable packaging materials, etc. This review describes the variety of sustainable sources of collagen and keratin and the beneficial application multiformity of these proteins.
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Exogenous Bioactive Peptides Have a Potential Therapeutic Role in Delaying Aging in Rodent Models. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031421. [PMID: 35163342 PMCID: PMC8835817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, some exogenous bioactive peptides have been shown to have promising anti-aging effects. These exogenous peptides may have a mechanism similar to endogenous peptides, and some can even regulate the release of endogenous active peptides and play a synergistic role with endogenous active peptides. Most aging studies use rodents that are easy to maintain in the laboratory and have relatively homogenous genotypes. Moreover, many of the anti-aging studies using bioactive peptides in rodent models only focus on the activity of single endogenous or exogenous active peptides, while the regulatory effects of exogenous active peptides on endogenous active peptides remain largely under-investigated. Furthermore, the anti-aging activity studies only focus on the effects of these bioactive peptides in individual organs or systems. However, the pathological changes of one organ can usually lead to multi-organ complications. Some anti-aging bioactive peptides could be used for rescuing the multi-organ damage associated with aging. In this paper, we review recent reports on the anti-aging effects of bioactive peptides in rodents and summarize the mechanism of action for these peptides, as well as discuss the regulation of exogenous active peptides on endogenous active peptides.
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Lee YI, Lee SG, Jung I, Suk J, Lee MH, Kim DU, Lee JH. Effect of a Topical Collagen Tripeptide on Antiaging and Inhibition of Glycation of the Skin: A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031101. [PMID: 35163025 PMCID: PMC8835374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycation process has been recognized as one of the critical parameters that accelerate signs of skin aging, especially in skin exposed to environment factors, such as ultraviolet radiation. Although previous studies showed the anti-inflammatory and antiaging properties of the hydrolyzed collagen tripeptide (CTP), its exact mechanism is not fully understood. Therefore, in this study, we sought to investigate the effect of a topical CTP on facial skin. Our group designed a 4 week prospective, single-arm study of 22 Asian women who applied topical CTP. We observed significant improvements in skin wrinkles, elasticity, and density with a reduction in skin accumulation of advanced glycated end products (AGEs) at week 4 without any adverse effects. The in vitro study revealed a preventive effect of the topical CTP on the accumulation of AGEs, denatured collagen production, and reactive oxygen species in dermal fibroblasts. Moreover, treatment with the CTP decreased induction of matrix metalloproteinases while increasing the collagen 1 level. These results suggest that the application of a topical CTP might improve clinical aging phenotypes via the inhibition of glycation and oxidative stress, leading to a delay in cellular aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young In Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.I.L.); (S.G.L.)
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sang Gyu Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.I.L.); (S.G.L.)
| | - Inhee Jung
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul 06526, Korea; (I.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Jangmi Suk
- Global Medical Research Center, Seoul 06526, Korea; (I.J.); (J.S.)
| | - Mun-Hoe Lee
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul 05604, Korea; (M.-H.L.); (D.-U.K.)
| | - Do-Un Kim
- Health Food Research and Development, NEWTREE Co., Ltd., Seoul 05604, Korea; (M.-H.L.); (D.-U.K.)
| | - Ju Hee Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Biology Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.I.L.); (S.G.L.)
- Scar Laser and Plastic Surgery Center, Yonsei Cancer Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-2080
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Xiang ZX, Gong JS, Li H, Shi WT, Jiang M, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Heterologous expression, fermentation strategies and molecular modification of collagen for versatile applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-22. [PMID: 34907819 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2016599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Collagen is a kind of high macromolecular protein with unique tissue distribution and distinctive functions in the body. At present, most collagen products are extracted from the tissues and organs of mammals or marine fish. However, this method exhibits several disadvantages, including low efficiency and serious waste generation, which makes it difficult to meet the current market demand. With the rapid development of synthetic biology and the deepening of high-density fermentation technology, the collagen preparation by biosynthesis strategy emerges as the times require. Co-expression with the proline hydroxylase gene can solve the problem of non-hydroxylated collagen, but the yield may be affected. Therefore, improving the expression through molecular modification and dynamic regulation of synthesis is an entry point for future research. Due to the defects in certain properties of the natural collagen, modification of properties would be benefit for meeting the requirements of practical application. In this paper, in-depth investigations on recombinant expression, fermentation, and modification studies of collagen are conducted. Also, it summarizes the research progress of collagen in food, medicine, and beauty industry in recent years. Furthermore, the future development trend and application prospect of collagen are discussed, which would provide guidance for its preparation and application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xiang Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Wei-Ting Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Min Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China.,Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, PR China
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Jung K, Kim SH, Joo KM, Lim SH, Shin JH, Roh J, Kim E, Park CW, Kim W. Oral Intake of Enzymatically Decomposed AP Collagen Peptides Improves Skin Moisture and Ceramide and Natural Moisturizing Factor Contents in the Stratum Corneum. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124372. [PMID: 34959923 PMCID: PMC8707759 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The stratum corneum (SC) is the outermost layer of the epidermis and plays an important role in maintaining skin moisture and protecting the skin from the external environment. Ceramide and natural moisturizing factor (NMF) are the major SC components that maintain skin moisture. In this study, we investigated whether the oral intake of enzymatically decomposed AP collagen peptides (APCPs) can improve skin moisture and barrier function by assessing changes in the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC after APCP ingestion with the aim to develop a skin functional food. Fifty participants orally ingested APCP (1000 mg) or placebo for 12 weeks, and then, skin hydration and skin texture were evaluated. SC samples were collected to analyze skin scaling, ceramide, and NMF contents. Participants in the APCP group exhibited improved skin moisture content by 7.33% (p = 0.031) and roughness by -4.09% (p = 0.036) when compared with those in the placebo group. NMF content; the amounts of amino acids (AA), including glycine and proline; and AA derivatives were significantly increased in the APCP group (31.98 μg/mg protein) compared to those in the placebo group (-16.01 μg/mg protein) (p = 0.006). The amounts of total ceramides and ceramide subclasses were significantly higher in the APCP group than in the placebo group (p = 0.014). In conclusion, our results demonstrate that APCP intake improves skin moisture and increase the ceramide and NMF contents in the SC, thereby enhancing the skin barrier function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoungmi Jung
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-31-280-5907
| | - Seung-Hun Kim
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Kyung-Mi Joo
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Sung-Hwan Lim
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Jin-Hee Shin
- P&K Skin Research Center, 25, Gukheo-daero 62-gil, Yeongdeungpo-gu, Seoul 07236, Korea;
| | - Jonghwa Roh
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Eunjoo Kim
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Chan Woong Park
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
| | - Wangi Kim
- Amorepacific Research and Development Center, 1920, Yonggu-daero, Giheung-gu, Yongin 17074, Korea; (S.-H.K.); (K.-M.J.); (S.-H.L.); (J.R.); (E.K.); (C.W.P.); (W.K.)
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Cheng JH, Zhang XY, Wang Z, Zhang X, Liu SC, Song XY, Zhang YZ, Ding JM, Chen XL, Xu F. Potential of Thermolysin-like Protease A69 in Preparation of Bovine Collagen Peptides with Moisture-Retention Ability and Antioxidative Activity. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19120676. [PMID: 34940675 PMCID: PMC8708487 DOI: 10.3390/md19120676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine bone is rich in collagen and is a good material for collagen peptide preparation. Although thermolysin-like proteases (TLPs) have been applied in different fields, the potential of TLPs in preparing bioactive collagen peptides has rarely been evaluated. Here, we characterized a thermophilic TLP, A69, from a hydrothermal bacterium Anoxybacillus caldiproteolyticus 1A02591, and evaluated its potential in preparing bioactive collagen peptides. A69 showed the highest activity at 60 °C and pH 7.0. We optimized the conditions for bovine bone collagen hydrolysis and set up a process with high hydrolysis efficiency (99.4%) to prepare bovine bone collagen peptides, in which bovine bone collagen was hydrolyzed at 60 °C for 2 h with an enzyme-substrate ratio of 25 U/g. The hydrolysate contained 96.5% peptides that have a broad molecular weight distribution below 10000 Da. The hydrolysate showed good moisture-retention ability and a high hydroxyl radical (•OH) scavenging ratio of 73.2%, suggesting that the prepared collagen peptides have good antioxidative activity. Altogether, these results indicate that the thermophilic TLP A69 has promising potential in the preparation of bioactive collagen peptides, which may have potentials in cosmetics, food and pharmaceutical industries. This study lays a foundation for the high-valued utilization of bovine bone collagen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Hui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Qingdao Vland Biotech Inc., Qingdao 266102, China; (X.Z.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Shi-Cheng Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology, Qingdao Vland Biotech Inc., Qingdao 266102, China; (X.Z.); (S.-C.L.)
| | - Xiao-Yan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Marine Biotechnology Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jun-Mei Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Sustainable Development and Utilization of Biomass Energy, Ministry of Education, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
- Correspondence: (J.-M.D.); (X.-L.C.); (F.X.)
| | - Xiu-Lan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (J.-M.D.); (X.-L.C.); (F.X.)
| | - Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (J.-H.C.); (X.-Y.Z.); (Z.W.); (X.-Y.S.)
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
- Correspondence: (J.-M.D.); (X.-L.C.); (F.X.)
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The Linoleic Acid Content of the Stratum Corneum of Ichthyotic Golden Retriever Dogs Is Reduced as Compared to Healthy Dogs and a Significant Part Is Oxidized in Both Free and Esterified Forms. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120803. [PMID: 34940561 PMCID: PMC8704365 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Golden Retrievers may suffer from Pnpl1-related inherited ichthyosis. Our study shows that in the stratum corneum (SC) of ichthyotic dogs, linoleic acid (LA) is also present in the form of 9-keto-octadecadienoic acid (9-KODE) instead of the acylacid form as in normal dogs. The fatty acids purified from SC strips (LA, acylacids) were characterized by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI). Electrospray ionization (ESI) and MS2(MS/MS Tandem mass spectrum/spectra)/M3 (MS/MS/MS Tandem mass spectrum/spectra) fragmentation indicated the positions of the double bonds in 9-KODE. We showed that ichthyotic dogs have a threefold lower LA content in the form of acylacids. The MS2 fragmentation of acyl acids showed in some peaks the presenceof an ion at the m/z 279, instead of an ion at m/z 293 which is characteristic of LA. The detected variant was identified upon MS3 fragmentation as 9-keto-octadecadienoic acid (9-KODE), and the level of this keto-derivative was increased in ichthyotic dogs. We showed by the APCI that such keto forms of LA are produced from hydroperoxy-octadecadienoic acids (HpODE) upon dehydration. In conclusion, the free form of 9-KODE was detected in ichthyotic SC up to fivefold as compared to unaffected dogs, and analyses by HPLC (High performance liquid chromatography) and ESI-MS (Electrospray Ionization-Mass Spectrometry) indicated its production via dehydration of native 9-HpODE.
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Li X, Guo Z, Li J, Yang M, Yao S. Swelling and microwave-assisted hydrolysis of animal keratin in ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Astaxanthin on Human Skin Ageing. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13092917. [PMID: 34578794 PMCID: PMC8472736 DOI: 10.3390/nu13092917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Astaxanthin (ASX), a xanthophyll carotenoid derived from microalgae Haematococcus pluvialis, mitigating skin photoaging and age-related skin diseases by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects in animal studies. Objective: The aim was to systematically evaluate if ASX applications have anti-ageing effects in humans. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science found a total of eleven studies. Nine randomised, controlled human studies assessed oral ASX effects and two open-label, prospective studies evaluated topical, oral-topical ASX effects on skin ageing. GetData Graph Digitizer was used to extract mean values and standard deviations of baseline and endpoint, and Cochrane Collaboration’s tool assessed RoB for all included studies. Review Manager 5.4 was used to conduct meta-analysis of RCTs; the results were reported as effect size ± 95% confidence interval. Results: Oral ASX supplementation significantly restored moisture content (SMD = 0.53; 95% CI = 0.05, 1.01; I2 = 52%; p = 0.03) and improved elasticity (SMD = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.19, 1.35; I2 = 75%; p = 0.009) but did not significantly decrease wrinkle depth (SMD = −0.26; 95% CI = −0.58, 0.06; I2 = 0%; p = 0.11) compared to placebo. Open-label, prospective studies suggested slightly protective effects of topical and oral-topical ASX applications on skin ageing. Conclusions: Ingestion and/or topical usages of ASX may be effective in reducing skin ageing and have promising cosmetical potential, as it improves moisture content and elasticity and reduces wrinkles.
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Maia Campos PMBG, Franco RSB, Kakuda L, Cadioli GF, Costa GMD, Bouvret E. Oral Supplementation with Hydrolyzed Fish Cartilage Improves the Morphological and Structural Characteristics of the Skin: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Study. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164880. [PMID: 34443468 PMCID: PMC8401832 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen and its peptides are natural ingredients used in food supplements and nutricosmetics with the claim of providing benefits for skin health and beauty. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of oral supplementation with hydrolyzed fish cartilage for the improvement of chronological and photoaging-induced skin changes. A total of 46 healthy females aged 45 to 59 years were enrolled and divided into two groups: G1-placebo and G2-oral treatment with hydrolyzed fish cartilage. Measurements of skin wrinkles, dermis echogenicity and thickness, and morphological and structural characteristics of the skin were performed in the nasolabial region of the face before and after a 90-day period of treatment using high-resolution imaging, ultrasound, and reflectance confocal microscopy image analyses. A significant reduction in wrinkles and an increase of dermis echogenicity were observed after a 90-day period of treatment with hydrolyzed fish cartilage compared to the placebo and baseline values. In addition, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) image analysis showed improved collagen morphology and reduced elastosis after treatment with hydrolyzed fish cartilage. The present study showed the clinical benefits for the skin obtained with oral supplementation with a low dose of collagen peptides from hydrolyzed fish cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Maria Berardo Gonçalves Maia Campos
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (R.S.B.F.); (L.K.); (G.F.C.); (G.M.D.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Rodolfo Scarpino Barboza Franco
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (R.S.B.F.); (L.K.); (G.F.C.); (G.M.D.C.)
| | - Letícia Kakuda
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (R.S.B.F.); (L.K.); (G.F.C.); (G.M.D.C.)
| | - Gabriel Fernandes Cadioli
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (R.S.B.F.); (L.K.); (G.F.C.); (G.M.D.C.)
| | - Gabriela Maria D’Angelo Costa
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, SP, Brazil; (R.S.B.F.); (L.K.); (G.F.C.); (G.M.D.C.)
| | - Elodie Bouvret
- Abyss Ingredients, 860 Route de Caudan, 56850 Caudan, France;
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Liu C. Application of marine collagen for stem-cell-based therapy and tissue regeneration (Review). MEDICINE INTERNATIONAL 2021; 1:6. [PMID: 36698868 PMCID: PMC9855277 DOI: 10.3892/mi.2021.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine is becoming an important component in modern biological scientific research. Tissue engineering, a branch of regenerative medicine, is a field that is actively developing to meet the challenges presented in biomedical applications. This particularly applies to the research area of stem cells and biomaterials, due to both being pivotal determinants for the successful restoration or regeneration of damaged tissues and organs. Recently, the development of innovative marine collagen-based biomaterials has attracted attention due to the reported environmentally friendly properties, the lack of zoonotic disease transmission, biocompatibility, bioactivity, the lack of ethics-related concerns and cost-effectiveness for manufacturing. The present review aimed to summarize the potential application and function of marine collagen in stem cell research in a medical and clinical setting. In addition, the present review cited recent studies regarding the latest research advances into using marine collagen for cartilage, bone, periodontal and corneal regeneration. It also characterized the distinct advantages of using marine collagen for stem cell-based tissue repair and regeneration. In addition, the present review comprehensively discussed the most up to date information on stem cell biology, particularly the possibility of treating stem cells with marine collagen to maximize their multi-directional differentiation capability, which highlights the potential use of marine collagen in regenerative medicine. Furthermore, recent research progress on the potential immunomodulatory capacity of mesenchymal stem cells following treatment with marine collagen to improve the understanding of cell-matrix interactions was investigated. Finally, perspectives on the possible future research directions for the application of marine collagen in the area of regenerative medicine are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
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Aslam A, Bahadar A, Liaquat R, Saleem M, Waqas A, Zwawi M. Algae as an attractive source for cosmetics to counter environmental stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 772:144905. [PMID: 33770892 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.144905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, a considerable amount of evidence has come to light regarding the effect that air pollution has on skin conditions. The human skin is the chief protection we have against environmental harm, whether biological, chemical, or physical. The stress from these environmental factors, along with internal influences, can be a cause of skin aging and enlarged pores, thinner skin, skin laxity, wrinkles, fine lines, dryness, and a more fragile dermal layer. This knowledge has led to greater demand for skin cosmetics and a requirement for natural raw ingredients with a high degree of safety and efficiency in combating skin complications. Recent developments in green technology have made the employment of naturally occurring bioactive compounds more popular, and novel extraction methods have ensured that the use of these compounds has greater compatibility with sustainable development principles. Thus, there is a demand for investigations into efficient non-harmful naturally occurring raw ingredients; compounds derived from algae could be beneficial in this area. Algae, both macroalgae and microalgae, consists of waterborne photosynthetic organisms that are potentially valuable as they have a range of bioactive compounds in their composition. Several beneficial metabolites can be obtained from algae, such as antioxidants, carotenoids, mycosporine-like amino acids (MAA), pigments, polysaccharides, and scytonemin. Various algae strains are now widely employed in skincare products for various purposes, such as a moisturizer, anti-wrinkle agent, texture-enhancing agents, or sunscreen. This research considers the environmental stresses on human skin and how they may be mitigated using cosmetics created using algae; special attention will be paid to external factors, both generally and specifically (amongst them light exposure and pollutants).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Aslam
- US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bahadar
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rabia Liaquat
- US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Saleem
- Department of Industrial Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeel Waqas
- US Pakistan Center for Advanced Studies in Energy (USPCAS-E), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Zwawi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh 21911, Saudi Arabia
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Han SB, Won B, Yang SC, Kim DH. Asterias pectinifera derived collagen peptide-encapsulating elastic nanoliposomes for the cosmetic application. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.03.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Harris M, Potgieter J, Ishfaq K, Shahzad M. Developments for Collagen Hydrolysate in Biological, Biochemical, and Biomedical Domains: A Comprehensive Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:2806. [PMID: 34070353 PMCID: PMC8197487 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The collagen hydrolysate, a proteinic biopeptide, is used for various key functionalities in humans and animals. Numerous reviews explained either individually or a few of following aspects: types, processes, properties, and applications. In the recent developments, various biological, biochemical, and biomedical functionalities are achieved in five aspects: process, type, species, disease, receptors. The receptors are rarely addressed in the past which are an essential stimulus to activate various biomedical and biological activities in the metabolic system of humans and animals. Furthermore, a systematic segregation of the recent developments regarding the five main aspects is not yet reported. This review presents various biological, biochemical, and biomedical functionalities achieved for each of the beforementioned five aspects using a systematic approach. The review proposes a novel three-level hierarchy that aims to associate a specific functionality to a particular aspect and its subcategory. The hierarchy also highlights various key research novelties in a categorical manner that will contribute to future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Harris
- Massey Agrifood (MAF) Digital Labs, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan;
| | - Johan Potgieter
- Massey Agrifood (MAF) Digital Labs, Massey University, Palmerston North 4410, New Zealand;
| | - Kashif Ishfaq
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 54890, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Department, Rachna College of Engineering and Technology, Gujranwala 52250, Pakistan;
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Therapeutic Effects of Dipterocarpus tuberculatus with High Antioxidative Activity Against UV-Induced Photoaging of NHDF Cells and Nude Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10050791. [PMID: 34067673 PMCID: PMC8157063 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the therapeutic effects of methanol extracts of Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. (MED) against UV-induced photoaging, we assessed for alterations in the antioxidant activity, anti-apoptotic effects, ECM modulation, skin appearances, and anti-inflammatory response in normal human dermal fibroblast (NHDF) cells and nude mice orally treated with MED. High levels of tannin content and high free radical scavenging activity to DPPH were determined in MED, while seven active components, namely, gallic acid, bergenin, ellagic acid, ε-viniferin, asiatic acid, oleanolic acid, and 2α-hydroxyursolic acid, were identified using LC–MS analyses. UV-induced alterations in the NO concentration, SOD activity, and Nrf2 expression were remarkably recovered in MED-treated NHDF cells. Moreover, the decreased number of apoptotic cells and G2/M phase arrest were observed in the UV + MED-treated groups. Similar recoveries were detected for β-galactosidase, MMP-2/9 expression, and intracellular elastase activity. Furthermore, MED treatment induced suppression of the COX-2-induced iNOS mediated pathway, expression of inflammatory cytokines, and inflammasome activation in UV-radiated NHDF cells. The anti-photoaging effects observed in NHDF cells were subsequently evaluated and validated in UV + MED-treated nude mice through skin phenotypes and histopathological structure analyses. Taken together, these results indicate that MED exerts therapeutic effects against UV-induced photoaging and has the potential for future development as a treatment for photoaging.
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Prokopová A, Pavlačková J, Mokrejš P, Gál R. Collagen Hydrolysate Prepared from Chicken By-Product as a Functional Polymer in Cosmetic Formulation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26072021. [PMID: 33916274 PMCID: PMC8037141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken stomachs can be processed into collagen hydrolysate usable in cosmetic products. The aim of the study was to verify the effects of a carbopol gel formulation enriched with 1.0% (w/w) chicken hydrolysate on the properties of the skin in the periorbital area after regular application twice a day for eight weeks in volunteers ageed 50 ± 9 years. Skin hydration, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin elasticity and skin relief were evaluated. Overall, skin hydration increased by 11.82% and 9.45%, TEWL decreased by 25.70% and 17.80% (always reported for the right and left area). Generally, there was an increase in skin elasticity, a decrease in skin roughness, as the resonance times decreased by 85%. The average reduction of wrinkles was 35.40% on the right and 41.20% on the left. For all results, it can be seen that the longer the cosmetic gel formulation is applied, the better the results. Due to the positive effect on the quality and functionality of the skin, it is possible to apply the cosmetic gel formulation in the periorbital area. The advantage of the product with chicken collagen hydrolysate is also the biocompatibility with the skin and the biodegradability of the formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Prokopová
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-576-031-230
| | - Jana Pavlačková
- Department of Lipids, Detergents and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Pavel Mokrejš
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
| | - Robert Gál
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Vavrečkova 275, 760 01 Zlín, Czech Republic;
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Cosmetic, Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Applications of Fish Gelatin/Hydrolysates. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19030145. [PMID: 33800149 PMCID: PMC8000627 DOI: 10.3390/md19030145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There are several reviews that separately cover different aspects of fish gelatin including its preparation, characteristics, modifications, and applications. Its packaging application in food industry is extensively covered but other applications are not covered or covered alongside with those of collagen. This review is comprehensive, specific to fish gelatin/hydrolysate and cites recent research. It covers cosmetic applications, intrinsic activities, and biomedical applications in wound dressing and wound healing, gene therapy, tissue engineering, implants, and bone substitutes. It also covers its pharmaceutical applications including manufacturing of capsules, coating of microparticles/oils, coating of tablets, stabilization of emulsions and drug delivery (microspheres, nanospheres, scaffolds, microneedles, and hydrogels). The main outcomes are that fish gelatin is immunologically safe, protects from the possibility of transmission of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and foot and mouth diseases, has an economic and environmental benefits, and may be suitable for those that practice religious-based food restrictions, i.e., people of Muslim, Jewish and Hindu faiths. It has unique rheological properties, making it more suitable for certain applications than mammalian gelatins. It can be easily modified to enhance its mechanical properties. However, extensive research is still needed to characterize gelatin hydrolysates, elucidate the Structure Activity Relationship (SAR), and formulate them into dosage forms. Additionally, expansion into cosmetic applications and drug delivery is needed.
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Pratiwi D, Sidoretno WM, Aisah N. The Combination of Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) Rhizome Extract and Collagen in A Serum Formulation as an Antioxidant. BORNEO JOURNAL OF PHARMACY 2021. [DOI: 10.33084/bjop.v4i1.1578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Turmeric (Curcuma domestica) has nutritious compounds called curcuminoids, which can be used as antioxidants. As an antioxidant, C. domestica extract can be used to ward off free radicals that damage collagen and elastin, a protein that keeps skin moist. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of serum combined with the addition of collagen using the DPPH method. The DPPH was made at a concentration of 80 μg/mL, and the absorption was read at a wavelength of 520 nm using a microplate rider. The study was conducted by making six formulations, namely F0, F1, F2, F3, F4, and F5 obtained the results of serum made from C. domestica extract that can inhibit free radicals and meet the physical evaluation test requirements of serum. Furthermore, the formula is made using only one active ingredient and only collagen to determine the antioxidant activity influenced by the extract or collagen. The results obtained indicate that collagen has a supporting role in adding antioxidant activity apart from the extract used. The highest % inhibition value at F5 with 90.526% can be said to ward off free radicals.
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50
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Yang Z, Duan X, Wang X, Li D, Xu Q, Xiang S, Guo B, He L. The effect of Q-switched 1064-nm dymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser on the skin barrier and collagen synthesis through miR-24-3p. Lasers Med Sci 2021; 37:205-214. [PMID: 33400013 PMCID: PMC8803697 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-020-03214-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increase of the world’s population aging, how to restore youthfulness to the skin has attracted much attention. It is well known that collagen synthesis and changes in skin barrier play an important role in the process of skin aging. However, whether Q-switched 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser (1064-QSNYL) determines the involvement of miRNAs in skin collagen synthesis and skin barrier changes remains to be elucidated. Upstream miRNAs of p38 molecular pathway have been predicted by bioinformatic database and the relationship between miRNAs and p38 verified by dual-luciferase reporter gene and Western blotting. RT-qPCR analysis detected the expression of miR-24-3p and mRNA for collagen and skin barrier–related molecules, such as keratin 10 (K10), filaggrin, and Aquaporin 4 (APQ4), in mice back skin and in the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Western blotting and immunofluorescence (IF) have been used to detect collagen expression and to localize, as well as quantify K10, filaggrin, and APQ4, respectively. In this study, we show that p38 is the main target gene of miRNA-24-3p, and laser irradiation at 1.5 J/cm2 inhibits miR-24-3p expression. Irradiation treatment upregulates the moisture, elasticity, hydroxyproline, and superoxide dismutase content of mice skin, as well as inhibits trans-epidermal water loss. Irradiation also increases collagen, K10, filaggrin, and APQ4 in both mice skin and HaCaT cells. Interestingly, we found that miR-24-3p overexpression inhibits the effect of irradiation on collagen synthesis and skin barrier. We show for the first time that 1064-QSNYL promotes collagen synthesis and protective effects on skin barrier by downregulating miR-24-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoxia Duan
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongqing Li
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shunli Xiang
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Birun Guo
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li He
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, No. 295, Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan Province, People's Republic of China.
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