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Mildenberger J, Rebours C. Green ( Ulva fenestrata) and Brown ( Saccharina latissima) Macroalgae Similarly Modulate Inflammatory Signaling by Activating NF- κB and Dampening IRF in Human Macrophage-Like Cells. J Immunol Res 2024; 2024:8121284. [PMID: 38799117 PMCID: PMC11126347 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8121284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Macroalgae are considered healthy food ingredients due to their content in numerous bioactive compounds, and the traditional use of whole macroalgae in Asian cuisine suggests a contribution to longevity. Although much information is available about the bioactivity of pure algal compounds, such as different polyphenols and polysaccharides, documentation of potential effects of whole macroalgae as part of Western diets is limited. Lifestyle- and age-related diseases, which have a high impact on population health, are closely connected to underlying chronic inflammation. Therefore, we have studied crude extracts of green (Ulva fenestrata) and brown (Saccharina latissima) macroalgae, as two of the most promising food macroalgae in the Nordic countries for their effect on inflammation in vitro. Human macrophage-like reporter THP-1 cells were treated with macroalgae extracts and stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to induce inflammatory signalling. Effects of the macroalgae extracts were assessed on transcription factor activity of NF-κB and IRF as well as secretion and/or expression of the cytokines TNF-α and IFN-β and chemokines IL-8 and CXCL10. The crude macroalgae extracts were further separated into polyphenol-enriched and polysaccharide-enriched fractions, which were also tested for their effect on transcription factor activity. Interestingly, we observed a selective activation of NF-κB, when cells were treated with macroalgae extracts. On the other hand, pretreatment with macroalgae extracts selectively repressed IRF activation when inflammatory signaling was subsequently induced by LPS. This effect was consistent for both tested species as well as for polyphenol- and polysaccharide-enriched fractions, of which the latter had more pronounced effects. Overall, this is the first indication of how macroalgae could modulate inflammatory signaling by selective activation and subsequent repression of different pathways. Further in vitro and in vivo studies of this mechanism would be needed to understand how macroalgae consumption could influence the prevention of noncommunicable, lifestyle- and age-related diseases that are highly related to unbalanced inflammatory processes.
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Ying M, Zeng Z, Li Q, Chen X, Xiong Y, Wu B, Peng L, Zhang Q, Wang L, Dai Z, Li S, Chen H, Yang X. Water-soluble intracellular extract of Desmodesmus sp. YT enhanced the antioxidant capacity of human skin fibroblast to protect the skin from UV damage. J Cosmet Dermatol 2024; 23:1850-1861. [PMID: 38327116 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The oxidative stress induced by ultraviolet (UV) radiation is a pivotal factor in skin aging and can even contribute to the development of skin cancer. AIM This study explored the antioxidant effect and mechanism of water-soluble intracellular extract (WIE) of Desmodesmus sp.YT (YT), aiming to develop a natural antioxidant suitable for incorporation into cosmetics. METHODS The study evaluated the scavenging capacity of YT-WIE against free radicals and assessed its impact on human skin fibroblasts (HSF) cell viability and UV resistance using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Transcriptome sequencing was employed to elucidate the mechanism of action, while RT-qPCR and western blot were used to validate the expression of key genes. RESULTS YT-WIE displayed robust antioxidant activity, demonstrating potent scavenging abilities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH; IC50 = 0.55 mg mL-1), 2,2'-Azino-bis (3 ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid; ABTS; IC50 = 3.11 mg mL-1), Hydroxyl (·OH; IC50 = 2.21 mg mL-1), and Superoxide anion (O2 •-; IC50 = 0.98 mg mL-1). Furthermore, compared to the control group, the YT-WIE group exhibited an 89.30% enhancement in HSF viability and a 44.63% increase in survival rate post-UV irradiation. Significant upregulation of antioxidant genes (GCLC, GCLM, TXNRD1, HMOX1, NQO1) was observed with YT-WIE treatment at 400 μg mL-1, with fold increases ranging from 1.13 to 5.85 times. CONCLUSION YT-WIE demonstrated considerable potential as an antioxidant, shielding human cells from undue oxidative stress triggered by external stimuli such as UV radiation. This suggests its promising application in cosmetics antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ying
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Innova Bay (Shenzhen) Technology Co. Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zuye Zeng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qin Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xianglan Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bo Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University and Huazhong University of Science and Technology Union Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhongming Dai
- Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shuangfei Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Huirong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xuewei Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Epigenetics, Guangdong Technology Research Center for Marine Algal Bioengineering, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Bogolitsyn K, Dobrodeeva L, Samodova A, Parshina A. In vitro Immunostimulant Activity of the Polyphenolic Extract from the Arctic Brown Algae Fucus vesiculosus. PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2024:10.1007/s11130-024-01174-x. [PMID: 38613704 DOI: 10.1007/s11130-024-01174-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols (PP) found in brown algae are known for their wide range of biological activities including noteworthy antitumor properties. This article presents a method for obtaining an active polyphenolic extract from the Arctic alga Fucus vesiculosus with 98% purity and radical scavenging activity equivalent to 862 mg of ascorbic acid per gram of extract. Immunostimulant effects of polyphenols were assessed in vitro using venous blood from two groups of people: healthy people (HP) and people with chronic undifferentiated lymphocytic leukemia (LP). Polyphenols activated the surface properties of immunocompetent cells. Specifically, polyphenols dose-dependently increased the percentage of cells' spreading and adhesion by 2-3 times. Additionally, polyphenols increased the number of activated lymphocytes in the LP blood to levels characteristic of HP. Given their natural origin, high activity, non-toxicity, and straightforward production process, these studied polyphenols exhibit immense potential for use as new pharmaceuticals or as active components with immunostimulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantin Bogolitsyn
- Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 17, Northern Dvina Emb, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
- N.P. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20, Nikolskiy Ave, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Liliya Dobrodeeva
- N.P. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20, Nikolskiy Ave, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anna Samodova
- N.P. Laverov Federal Center for Integrated Arctic Research of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 20, Nikolskiy Ave, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia Parshina
- Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, 17, Northern Dvina Emb, Arkhangelsk, Russian Federation.
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Simón L, Arazo-Rusindo M, Quest AFG, Mariotti-Celis MS. Phlorotannins: Novel Orally Administrated Bioactive Compounds That Induce Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1734. [PMID: 37760037 PMCID: PMC10525198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an interesting therapeutic target to help reduce cancer deaths, and the use of bioactive compounds has emerged as a novel and safe approach to solve this problem. Here, we discuss the information available related to phlorotannins, a type of polyphenol present in brown seaweeds that reportedly functions as antioxidants/pro-oxidants and anti-inflammatory and anti-tumorigenic agents. Specifically, available evidence indicates that dieckol and phloroglucinol promote mitochondrial membrane depolarization and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Phlorotannins also reduce pro-tumorigenic, -inflammatory, and -angiogenic signaling mechanisms involving RAS/MAPK/ERK, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, NF-κB, and VEGF. In doing so, they inhibit pathways that favor cancer development and progression. Unfortunately, these compounds are rather labile and, therefore, this review also summarizes approaches permitting the encapsulation of bioactive compounds, like phlorotannins, and their subsequent oral administration as novel and non-invasive therapeutic alternatives for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Simón
- Nutrition and Dietetic School, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
| | - Migdalia Arazo-Rusindo
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile;
| | - Andrew F. G. Quest
- Cellular Communication Laboratory, Center for Studies on Exercise, Metabolism and Cancer (CEMC), Program of Cell and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile;
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380000, Chile
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Graikini D, Soro AB, Sivagnanam SP, Tiwari BK, Sánchez L. Bioactivity of Fucoidan-Rich Extracts from Fucus vesiculosus against Rotavirus and Foodborne Pathogens. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:478. [PMID: 37755091 PMCID: PMC10532486 DOI: 10.3390/md21090478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine algae are sources of bioactive components with defensive properties of great value against microbial infections. This study investigated the bioactivity of extracts from brown algae Fucus vesiculosus against rotavirus, the worldwide leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in infants and young children. Moreover, one of the extracts was tested against four foodborne bacteria: Campylobacter jejuni, Escherichia coli, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Listeria monocytogenes, and the non-pathogenic: E. coli K12. In vitro tests using MA104 cells revealed that both whole algae extracts and crude fucoidan precipitates neutralized rotavirus in a dose-responsive manner. The maximum neutralization activity was observed when the rotavirus was incubated with 100 μg mL-1 of the hydrochloric acid-obtained crude fucoidan (91.8%), although crude fucoidan extracted using citric acid also demonstrated high values (89.5%) at the same concentration. Furthermore, molecular weight fractionation of extracts decreased their antirotaviral activity and high molecular weight fractions exhibited higher activity compared to those of lower molecular weight. A seaweed extract with high antirotaviral activity was also found to inhibit the growth of C. jejuni, S. Typhimurium, and L. monocytogenes at a concentration of 0.2 mg mL-1. Overall, this study expands the current knowledge regarding the antimicrobial mechanisms of action of extracts from F. vesiculosus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitra Graikini
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2 (UNIZAR-CITA), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Arturo B. Soro
- Foodborne Pathogens Unit, Department of Infectious Diseases in Humans, Sciensano, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;
- Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.S.); (B.K.T.)
| | - Saravana P. Sivagnanam
- Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.S.); (B.K.T.)
- Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Bishopstown, T12P928 Cork Ireland
| | - Brijesh K. Tiwari
- Teagasc Ashtown Food Research Centre, D15 DY05 Dublin, Ireland; (S.P.S.); (B.K.T.)
| | - Lourdes Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain;
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2 (UNIZAR-CITA), 50013 Zaragoza, Spain
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Xu Y, Jia X, Zhang W, Xie Q, Zhu M, Zhao Z, Hao J, Li H, Du J, Liu Y, Feng H, He J, Li H. The effects of Ascophyllum nodosum, Camellia sinensis-leaf extract, and their joint interventions on glycolipid and energy metabolism in obese mice. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1242157. [PMID: 37693249 PMCID: PMC10483828 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1242157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Obesity is often associated with glucolipid and/or energy metabolism disorders. Ascophyllum nodosum extract (seaweed extract, SE) and Camellia sinensis-leaf extract (tea extract, TE) have been reported to promote positive metabolic effects through different mechanisms. We investigated the effects of SE and TE on metabolic homeostasis in diet-induced obese mice and discussed their functional characteristics. Methods Male C57BL/6J mice fed with high-fat diets for 8 weeks were established as obese models and subsequently divided into different intervention groups, followed by SE, TE, and their joint interventions for 10 weeks. Body weight and food intake were monitored. Fasting glucose and oral glucose tolerance tests were interspersed during the experiment. After the intervention, the effects on obesity control were assessed based on body composition, liver pathology section, blood lipids and glucose, respiratory exchange ratio (RER), energy expenditure (EE1, EE2, and EE3), inflammatory factors, lipid anabolism enzymes, and gut flora of the obese mice. Results After continuous gavage intervention, the mice in the intervention groups exhibited lower body weight (lower ~4.93 g, vs. HFD 38.02 g), peri-testicular fat masses (lower ~0.61 g, vs. HFD 1.92 g), and perirenal fat masses (lower ~0.21 g, vs. HFD mice 0.70 g). All interventions prevented diet-induced increases in plasma levels of glucose, adiponectin, leptin, and the inflammatory factors IL-1β and TNF-α. The RER was modified by the interventions, while the rhythm of the RER was not. Blood lipids (total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL) decreased and were associated with lower lipid anabolism enzymes. In addition, the SE and TE interventions altered the structure and abundance of specific flora. Different interventions inhibited the growth of different genera positively associated with obesity (Escherichia-Shigella, Helicobacter, etc.) and promoted the growth of Akkermansia and Bacteroides, thus affecting the chronic inflammatory state. Conclusion SE and TE both have synergistic effects on weight control and glucolipid metabolism regulation by improving insulin sensitivity and reducing lipid synthesis-related enzyme expression, whereas the combination of SE and TE (3:1) has a better effect on regulating energy metabolism and inhibiting chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiuzhen Jia
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiaoling Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Meizhen Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zifu Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jingyu Hao
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haoqiu Li
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jinrui Du
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Haotian Feng
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Jian He
- Inner Mongolia Dairy Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
- Yili Innovation Center, Inner Mongolia Yili Industrial Group Co., Ltd., Hohhot, China
| | - Hongwei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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Gunathilaka MDTL. Utilization of Marine Seaweeds as a Promising Defense Against COVID-19: a Mini-review. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023:10.1007/s10126-023-10214-7. [PMID: 37243809 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-023-10214-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) which mainly affects the respiratory system. It has been declared as a "pandemic" in March 2020 by the World Health Organization due to the high spreading rate. SARS-CoV-2 binds with the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors on the cell surface which leads to the downregulation of ACE2 and upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) receptors. The elevated level of cytokines and ACE receptors leads to the severity of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Due to the limited availability of vaccines and recurrent attacks of COVID-19 mainly in low-income countries, it is important to search for natural remedies to prevent or treat COVID-19 infection. Marine seaweeds are a rich source of bioactive compounds such as phlorotannins; fucoidan; carotenoids; omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids; vitamins B12, D, and C; and minerals including zinc and selenium that exhibit antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. Furthermore, bioactive compounds present in marine seaweeds have the ability to inhibit ACEs by inducing ACE2 which exhibits anti-inflammatory effects in COVID-19. Correspondingly, soluble dietary fibers present in seaweeds are served as prebiotics by generating short-chain fatty acids through fermentation. Hence, seaweeds can be utilized to reduce the gastrointestinal infections associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D T L Gunathilaka
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Health Science, NSBM Green University, Mahenwatta, Pitipana, Homagama, Sri Lanka.
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Pereira L, Cotas J. Therapeutic Potential of Polyphenols and Other Micronutrients of Marine Origin. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:323. [PMID: 37367648 DOI: 10.3390/md21060323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are compounds found in various plants and foods, known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, researchers have been exploring the therapeutic potential of marine polyphenols and other minor nutrients that are found in algae, fish and crustaceans. These compounds have unique chemical structures and exhibit diverse biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antitumor action. Due to these properties, marine polyphenols are being investigated as possible therapeutic agents for the treatment of a wide variety of conditions, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. This review focuses on the therapeutic potential of marine polyphenols and their applications in human health, and also, in marine phenolic classes, the extraction methods, purification techniques and future applications of marine phenolic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonel Pereira
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, IATV-Institute of Environment, Technology and Life, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto do Ambiente Tecnologia e Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Rua Sílvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Cotas
- MARE-Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET-Aquatic Research Network, IATV-Institute of Environment, Technology and Life, Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Calçada Martim de Freitas, 3000-456 Coimbra, Portugal
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Dini I. The Potential of Algae in the Nutricosmetic Sector. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104032. [PMID: 37241773 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds or algae are marine autotrophic organisms. They produce nutrients (e.g., proteins, carbohydrates, etc.) essential for the survival of living organisms as they participate in biochemical processes and non-nutritive molecules (such as dietary fibers and secondary metabolites), which can improve their physiological functions. Seaweed polysaccharides, fatty acids, peptides, terpenoids, pigments, and polyphenols have biological properties that can be used to develop food supplements and nutricosmetic products as they can act as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory compounds. This review examines the (primary and secondary) metabolites produced by algae, the most recent evidence of their effect on human health conditions, with particular attention to what concerns the skin and hair's well-being. It also evaluates the industrial potential of recovering these metabolites from biomass produced by algae used to clean wastewater. The results demonstrate that algae can be considered a natural source of bioactive molecules for well-being formulations. The primary and secondary metabolites' upcycling can be an exciting opportunity to safeguard the planet (promoting a circular economy) and, at the same time, obtain low-cost bioactive molecules for the food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries from low-cost, raw, and renewable materials. Today's lack of methodologies for recovering bioactive molecules in large-scale processes limits practical realization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Dini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy
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Catarino MD, Silva-Reis R, Chouh A, Silva S, Braga SS, Silva AMS, Cardoso SM. Applications of Antioxidant Secondary Metabolites of Sargassum spp. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:172. [PMID: 36976221 PMCID: PMC10052768 DOI: 10.3390/md21030172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargassum is one of the largest and most diverse genus of brown seaweeds, comprising of around 400 taxonomically accepted species. Many species of this genus have long been a part of human culture with applications as food, feed, and remedies in folk medicine. Apart from their high nutritional value, these seaweeds are also a well-known reservoir of natural antioxidant compounds of great interest, including polyphenols, carotenoids, meroterpenoids, phytosterols, and several others. Such compounds provide a valuable contribution to innovation that can translate, for instance, into the development of new ingredients for preventing product deterioration, particularly in food products, cosmetics or biostimulants to boost crops production and tolerance to abiotic stress. This manuscript revises the chemical composition of Sargassum seaweeds, highlighting their antioxidant secondary metabolites, their mechanism of action, and multiple applications in fields, including agriculture, food, and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. Catarino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rita Silva-Reis
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Amina Chouh
- Laboratory of Microbiological Engineering and Application, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Mentouri Brothers Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algeria
- Biotechnology Research Center CRBT, Constantine 25016, Algeria
| | - Sónia Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana S. Braga
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Olasehinde TA, Olaniran AO. Antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects of aqueous extracts from Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida on HepG2 cells. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14498. [PMID: 36350831 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima (KP) and Ulva rigida (URL) extracts in the human liver cancer (HepG2) cell line model. HepG2 cells were cultured and grown in an incubator (5% CO2 ) at 37°C. Cell viability was determined, while the effect of the extracts on apoptosis, ROS production, mitochondria membrane potential, and antioxidant enzymes were also assessed. KP and URL induced cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cells at the concentrations tested (0-1000 μg/ml). The morphological characteristics of the cells after treatment with KP and URL revealed cell shrinkage of the nucleus, cell injury, and damage compared to the control. The fluorescent micrographs from the apoptotic assay revealed induction of apoptosis and necrosis in HepG2 cells after treatment with KP and URL (200 and 400 μg/ml). The extracts also induced ROS production and reduced mitochondria membrane potential in HepG2 cells. The apoptotic-inducing effects, activation of ROS generation, and disruption of antioxidant enzymes are associated with the cytotoxic effects of the seaweed extracts. KP and URL showed good anticancer properties and could be explored as a good source of nutraceuticals, food additives, and dietary supplements to prevent uncontrolled proliferation of HepG2 cells. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Seaweeds are reservoirs of nutrients and naturally occurring biologically active compounds, including sterols, phlorotannins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Due to the presence of these compounds, they are used as emulsifying agents, nutraceuticals, and additives in functional foods. Evidence suggests that seaweed bioactives may inhibit uncontrolled cell proliferation and induce apoptosis in cancer cells. Hence, exploring the antiproliferative and apoptotic-inducing effects of Ecklonia maxima and Ulva rigida will provide insights into their anticancer potentials as functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tosin A Olasehinde
- Nutrition and Toxicology Division, Food Technology Department, Federal Institute of Industrial Research Oshodi, Lagos, Nigeria
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ademola O Olaniran
- Discipline of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Kwazulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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12
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Zheng H, Zhao Y, Guo L. A Bioactive Substance Derived from Brown Seaweeds: Phlorotannins. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:742. [PMID: 36547889 PMCID: PMC9785976 DOI: 10.3390/md20120742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phlorotannins are a type of natural active substance extracted from brown algae, which belong to a type of important plant polyphenol. Phloroglucinol is the basic unit in its structure. Phlorotannins have a wide range of biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-tumor, anti-hypertensive, hypoglycemic, whitening, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory, etc. Phlorotannins are mainly used in the fields of medicine, food and cosmetics. This paper reviews the research progress of extraction, separation technology and biological activity of phlorotannins, which will help the scientific community investigate the greater biological significance of phlorotannins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zheng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lei Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment, Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, School of Food Science and Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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13
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Imane B, Laila B, Fouzia H, Ismail G, Ahmed E, Kaoutar B, Mohamed EM, Samira E, Jamila B. Chemical characterization, antiproliferative activity and molecular docking of bioactive compounds from brown algae Fucus spiralis. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Wekre ME, Hellesen Brunvoll S, Jordheim M. Advancing quantification methods for polyphenols in brown seaweeds-applying a selective qNMR method compared with the TPC assay. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:1099-1110. [PMID: 35796295 PMCID: PMC9796469 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brown seaweeds are a sustainable biomass with a potential for various industrial applications. Polyphenols are an important contributor to this potential. OBJECTIVE The aim was total quantification of polyphenols in brown seaweeds from different tidal zones, using a selective 1 H quantitative NMR (qNMR) method, comparing the results with the colorimetric Folin-Ciocalteu total phenolic content (TPC) assay. METHOD qNMR was performed with integration of selected peaks in the aromatic region (7-5.5 ppm). Deselection of non-polyphenolic 1 H signals was based on information from 2D (1 H-13 C, 1 H-15 N) NMR spectra. 13 C NMR phlorotannin characterisation facilitated the average number of protons expected to be found per aromatic ring used for the 1 H quantification. RESULTS Selective qNMR and the TPC assay showed similar results for the three sublittoral growing species from the Laminariaceae; lower amounts for Laminaria hyperborea and Laminaria digitata (qNMR: 0.4%-0.6%; TPC: 0.6%-0.8%, phloroglucinol equivalents (PGE), dry weight (DW)) and higher amounts for Saccharina latissima (qNMR: 1.2%; TPC: 1.5%, PGE, DW). For the eulittoral Fucaceae, Fucus vesiculosus (qNMR: 1.1%; TPC: 4.1%; PGE, DW) and Ascophyllum nodosum (qNMR: 0.9%; TPC: 2.0%; PGE, DW), the TPC results were found to be up to three times higher than the qNMR results. The 13 C NMR characterisation showed the highest phlorotannin polymerisation degree for F. vesiculosus. CONCLUSION The TPC assay provided similar polyphenolic amounts to the selective qNMR method for sublittoral species. For eulittoral growing species, the TPC method showed amounts up to three times higher than the qNMR method-most likely illustrating the lack of selectivity in the TPC assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Emilie Wekre
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of BergenBergenNorway
- Alginor ASAHaugesundNorway
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15
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Viswanath K, Hayes M, Avni D. Inflammatory bowel disease - A peek into the bacterial community shift and algae-based ‘biotic’ approach to combat the disease. Trends Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Impact of Gastrointestinal Digestion on the Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Phlorotannins from Himanthalia elongata. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081518. [PMID: 36009238 PMCID: PMC9405269 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A phlorotannin extract was obtained from Himanthalia elongata, revealing a profile rich in fucophlorethol-type and carmalol-type compounds. When subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion, its levels of total phlorotannins and antioxidant activity, measured in vitro via NO● and O2●− scavenging assays, were reduced, thus suggesting that these compounds’ integrity and bioactivity are negatively affected by the digestive process. Nevertheless, when undigested vs. digested extracts were used on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw 264.7 macrophages, both showed a strong inhibitory effect on the cellular NO● production. In fact, although not statistically significant, the digested extract revealed a tendentially stronger effect compared to its undigested counterpart, suggesting that even though there is a decrease in the phlorotannins’ concentration after digestion, with a consequent loss of their scavenging properties, the possible degradation products being formed may exert their effects through the modulation of the intracellular signaling mechanisms. Overall, this study not only contributes to a better understanding of the phlorotannins’ composition of the species H. elongata, but also shows that, although the digestive process may affect the integrity and concentration of these compounds, this does not necessarily translate into loss of bioactivity, in particular the anti-inflammatory activity, probably owing to the bioactive effects that the degradation products of these phenolics may have at an intracellular level.
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Antioxidant Activity of Fucoidan Modified with Gallic Acid Using the Redox Method. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:md20080490. [PMID: 36005493 PMCID: PMC9410456 DOI: 10.3390/md20080490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant compounds decrease the amount of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and, consequently, reduce the deleterious effects of ROS in osteoblasts. Here, we modified a 21 kDa fucoidan (FucA) with gallic acid (GA) using the redox method, to potentiate its antioxidant/protective capacity on pre-osteoblast-like cells (MC3T3) against oxidative stress. The 20 kDa FucA-GA contains 37 ± 3.0 mg GA per gram of FucA. FucA-GA was the most efficient antioxidant agent in terms of total antioxidant capacity (2.5 times), reducing power (five times), copper chelation (three times), and superoxide radical scavenging (2 times). Exposure of MC3T3 cells to H2O2 increased ROS levels and activated caspase-3 along with caspase-9. In addition, the cell viability decreased approximately 80%. FucA-GA also provided the most effective protection against oxidative damage caused by H2O2. Treatment with FucA-GA (1.0 mg/mL) increased cell viability (~80%) and decreased intracellular ROS (100%) and caspase activation (~80%). In addition, Fuc-GA (0.1 mg/mL) abolished H2O2-induced oxidative stress in zebra fish embryos. Overall, FucA-GA protected MC3T3 cells from oxidative stress and could represent a possible adjuvant for the treatment of bone fragility by counteracting oxidative phenomena.
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18
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Mendonça JDS, Guimarães RDCA, Zorgetto-Pinheiro VA, Fernandes CDP, Marcelino G, Bogo D, Freitas KDC, Hiane PA, de Pádua Melo ES, Vilela MLB, do Nascimento VA. Natural Antioxidant Evaluation: A Review of Detection Methods. Molecules 2022; 27:3563. [PMID: 35684500 PMCID: PMC9182375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have drawn the attention of the scientific community due to being related to the prevention of various degenerative diseases. The antioxidant capacity has been extensively studied in vitro, and different methods have been used to assess its activity. However, the main issues related to studying natural antioxidants are evaluating whether these antioxidants demonstrate a key role in the biological system and assessing their bioavailability in the organism. The majority of outcomes in the literature are controversial due to a lack of method standardization and their proper application. Therefore, this study aims to compile the main issues concerning the natural antioxidant field of study, comparing the most common in vitro methods to evaluate the antioxidant activity of natural compounds, demonstrating the antioxidant activity in biological systems and the role of the main antioxidant enzymes of redox cellular signaling and explaining how the bioavailability of bioactive compounds is evaluated in animal models and human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenifer da Silva Mendonça
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Verônica Assalin Zorgetto-Pinheiro
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Carolina Di Pietro Fernandes
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Gabriela Marcelino
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Danielle Bogo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Karine de Cássia Freitas
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
| | - Elaine Silva de Pádua Melo
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
| | | | - Valter Aragão do Nascimento
- Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (J.d.S.M.); (R.d.C.A.G.); (V.A.Z.-P.); (G.M.); (D.B.); (K.d.C.F.); (P.A.H.); (E.S.d.P.M.)
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
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19
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Besednova NN, Andryukov BG, Zaporozhets TS, Kuznetsova TA, Kryzhanovsky SP, Ermakova SP, Galkina IV, Shchelkanov MY. Molecular Targets of Brown Algae Phlorotannins for the Therapy of Inflammatory Processes of Various Origins. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:243. [PMID: 35447916 PMCID: PMC9025421 DOI: 10.3390/md20040243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reactions are part of a complex biological response that plays a vital role in the appearance of various stimuli resulting from tissue and cell damage, the invasion of pathogenic bacteria, and the formation of the subsequent adaptive immune response. The production of many triggers and mediators of inflammation, which are inducers of pro-inflammatory factors, is controlled by numerous differentiation programs, through which inflammation is resolved and tissue homeostasis is restored. However, prolonged inflammatory responses or dysregulation of pro-inflammatory mechanisms can lead to chronic inflammation. Modern advances in biotechnology have made it possible to characterize the anti-inflammatory activity of phlorotannins, polyphenolic compounds from brown seaweed, and the mechanisms by which they modulate the inflammatory response. The purpose of this review is to analyze and summarize the results of numerous experimental in vitro and in vivo studies, illustrating the regulatory mechanisms of these compounds, which have a wide range of biological effects on the body. The results of these studies and the need for further research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya N. Besednova
- Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (B.G.A.); (T.S.Z.); (T.A.K.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Boris G. Andryukov
- Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (B.G.A.); (T.S.Z.); (T.A.K.); (M.Y.S.)
- School of Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 690091 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Tatyana S. Zaporozhets
- Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (B.G.A.); (T.S.Z.); (T.A.K.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Tatyana A. Kuznetsova
- Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (B.G.A.); (T.S.Z.); (T.A.K.); (M.Y.S.)
| | - Sergey P. Kryzhanovsky
- Medical Association of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Svetlana P. Ermakova
- Elyakov Pacific Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690022 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Irina V. Galkina
- School of Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 690091 Vladivostok, Russia;
| | - Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov
- Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology by Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, 690087 Vladivostok, Russia; (B.G.A.); (T.S.Z.); (T.A.K.); (M.Y.S.)
- School of Medicine, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), 690091 Vladivostok, Russia;
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
- Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center, Marine Biology of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690091 Vladivostok, Russia
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Vodouhè M, Marois J, Guay V, Leblanc N, Weisnagel SJ, Bilodeau JF, Jacques H. Marginal Impact of Brown Seaweed Ascophyllum nodosum and Fucus vesiculosus Extract on Metabolic and Inflammatory Response in Overweight and Obese Prediabetic Subjects. Mar Drugs 2022; 20:174. [PMID: 35323474 PMCID: PMC8951415 DOI: 10.3390/md20030174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of the present study was to test whether a brown seaweed extract rich in polyphenols combined with a low-calorie diet would induce additional weight loss and improve blood glucose homeostasis in association with a metabolic and inflammatory response in overweight/obese prediabetic subjects. Fifty-six overweight/obese, dysglycemic, and insulin-resistant men and women completed a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, and parallel clinical trial. Subjects were administrated 500 mg/d of either brown seaweed extract or placebo combined with individualized nutritional advice for moderate weight loss over a period of 12 weeks. Glycemic, anthropometric, blood pressure, heart rate, body composition, lipid profile, gut integrity, and oxidative and inflammatory markers were measured before and at the end of the trial. No effect was observed on blood glucose. We observed significant but small decreases in plasma C-peptide at 120 min during 2 h-OGTT (3218 ± 181 at pre-intervention vs. 2865 ± 186 pmol/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 3004 ± 199 at pre-intervention vs. 2954 ± 179 pmol/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.002), heart rate (72 ± 10 at pre-intervention vs. 69 ± 9 (n/min) at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 68 ± 9 at pre-intervention vs. 68 ± 8 (n/min) at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.01), and an inhibition in the increase of pro-inflammatory interleukin-6 (IL-6) (1.3 ± 0.7 at pre-intervention vs. 1.5 ± 0.7 pg/L at post-intervention in the brown seaweed group; 1.4 ± 1.1 at pre-intervention vs. 2.2 ± 1.6 pg/L at post-intervention in the placebo group; changes between the two groups, p = 0.02) following brown seaweed consumption compared with placebo in the context of moderate weight loss. Although consumption of brown seaweed extract had no effect on body weight or blood glucose, an early attenuation of the inflammatory response was observed in association with marginal changes in metabolic parameters related to the prevention of diabetes type 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Vodouhè
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
| | - Julie Marois
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Valérie Guay
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Nadine Leblanc
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; (J.M.); (V.G.); (N.L.)
| | - Stanley John Weisnagel
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Jean-François Bilodeau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Centre, Québec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (S.J.W.); (J.-F.B.)
| | - Hélène Jacques
- School of Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada;
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Li HY, Yi YL, Guo S, Zhang F, Yan H, Zhan ZL, Zhu Y, Duan JA. Isolation, structural characterization and bioactivities of polysaccharides from Laminaria japonica: A review. Food Chem 2022; 370:131010. [PMID: 34530347 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Laminaria japonica is a familiar marine plant and is often used as food due to its abundant carbohydrates, vitamins and minerals. As one of the main types of active substances in L. japonica, polysaccharides are widely used in the food and chemical industries and in medicine and healthcare due to their health benefits, such as immunoregulatory, antioxidant, and antidiabetic effects. However, there has been no systematic summary of the isolation, structural characterization and bioactivities of L. japonica polysaccharides (LJPs). Therefore, the present review includes a survey of extraction and purification methods for these bioactive molecules, along with a dissertation on the structural characterization of the carbohydrate components. Moreover, an overview of the most recent results related to LJP biological activities is provided. This review provides a useful reference for further research, production, and application of LJPs in functional foods and therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Li
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yan-Ling Yi
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sheng Guo
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Yan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhi-Lai Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Dao-di Herbs Breeding Base, National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jin-Ao Duan
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formulae, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Meng W, Mu T, Sun H, Garcia-Vaquero M. Phlorotannins: A review of extraction methods, structural characteristics, bioactivities, bioavailability, and future trends. ALGAL RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2021.102484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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23
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Impact of deep eutectic solvents and their constituents on the aqueous solubility of phloroglucinol dihydrate. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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R-Phycoerythrin from Colaconema formosanum (Rhodophyta), an Anti-Allergic and Collagen Promoting Material for Cosmeceuticals. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11209425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
R-phycoerythrin (R-PE), a pigment complex found in red algae, was extracted and purified from a newly identified red alga, Colaconema formosanum, and its bioactivities were examined. It was revealed that R-PE treatment resulted in high cell viability (>70%) to the mammalian cell lines NIH-3T3, RBL-2H3, RAW264.7, and Hs68, and had no effect on cell morphology in NIH-3T3 cells. Its suppression effect was insignificant on the production of IL-6 and TNF-α in lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. However, calcium ionophore A23187-induced β-hexosaminidase release was effectively inhibited in a dose-dependent manner in RBL-2H3 cells. Additionally, it was revealed to be non-irritating to bionic epidermal tissues. Notably, procollagen production was promoted in Hs68 cells. Overall, the data revealed that R-PE purified from C. formosanum exhibits anti-allergic and anti-aging bioactivities with no observed consequential toxicity on multiple mammalian cell lines as well as epidermal tissues, suggesting that this macromolecule is a novel material for potential cosmetic use.
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25
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Applying Seaweed Compounds in Cosmetics, Cosmeceuticals and Nutricosmetics. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19100552. [PMID: 34677451 PMCID: PMC8539943 DOI: 10.3390/md19100552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The interest in seaweeds for cosmetic, cosmeceutics, and nutricosmetics is increasing based on the demand for natural ingredients. Seaweeds offer advantages in relation to their renewable character, wide distribution, and the richness and versatility of their valuable bioactive compounds, which can be used as ingredients, as additives, and as active agents in the formulation of skin care products. Bioactive compounds, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, proteins, peptides, amino acids, lipids, vitamins, and minerals, are responsible for the biological properties associated with seaweeds. Seaweed fractions can also offer technical features, such as thickening, gelling, emulsifying, texturizing, or moistening to develop cohesive matrices. Furthermore, the possibility of valorizing industrial waste streams and algal blooms makes them an attractive, low cost, raw and renewable material. This review presents an updated summary of the activities of different seaweed compounds and fractions based on scientific and patent literature.
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26
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Catarino MD, Fernandes I, Oliveira H, Carrascal M, Ferreira R, Silva AMS, Cruz MT, Mateus N, Cardoso SM. Antitumor Activity of Fucus vesiculosus-Derived Phlorotannins through Activation of Apoptotic Signals in Gastric and Colorectal Tumor Cell Lines. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7604. [PMID: 34299223 PMCID: PMC8307049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are one of the largest producers of biomass in the marine environment and a source of multiple bioactive metabolites with valuable health benefits. Among these, phlorotannins have been widely recognized for their promising bioactive properties. The potential antitumor capacity of Fucus vesiculosus-derived phlorotannins remains, however, poorly explored, especially in gastrointestinal tract-related tumors. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic properties and possible mechanisms by which F. vesiculosus crude extract (CRD), phlorotannin-rich extract (EtOAc), and further phlorotannin-purified fractions (F1-F9) trigger cell death on different tumor cell lines of the gastrointestinal tract, using flow cytometry. The results indicate that F. vesiculosus samples exert specific cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines without affecting the viability of normal cells. Moreover, it was found that, among the nine different phlorotannin fractions tested, F5 was the most active against both Caco-2 colorectal and MKN-28 gastric cancer cells, inducing death via activation of both apoptosis and necrosis. The UHPLC-MS analysis of this fraction revealed, among others, the presence of a compound tentatively identified as eckstolonol and another as fucofurodiphlorethol, which could be mainly responsible for the promising cytotoxic effects observed in this sample. Overall, the results herein reported contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms behind the antitumor properties of F. vesiculosus phlorotannin-rich extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo D. Catarino
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (R.F.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Iva Fernandes
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (I.F.); (H.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Hélder Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (I.F.); (H.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Mylene Carrascal
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Rita Ferreira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (R.F.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Artur M. S. Silva
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (R.F.); (A.M.S.S.)
| | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- CNC.IBILI, Faculty of Pharmacy, Health Sciences Campus, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.C.); (M.T.C.)
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; (I.F.); (H.O.); (N.M.)
| | - Susana M. Cardoso
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; (M.D.C.); (R.F.); (A.M.S.S.)
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