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Mi C, Zhang Y, Zhao Y, Lin L. Mechanisms of low nighttime temperature promote oil accumulation in Brassica napus L. based on in-depth transcriptome analysis. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14372. [PMID: 38812077 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Rape (Brassica napus L.; AACC) is an important oil-bearing crop worldwide. Temperature significantly affects the production of oil crops; however, the mechanisms underlying temperature-promoted oil biosynthesis remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that a temperature-sensitive cultivar (O) could accumulate higher seed oil content under low nighttime temperatures (LNT,13°C) compared with a temperature-insensitive cultivar (S). We performed an in-depth transcriptome analysis of seeds from both cultivars grown under different nighttime temperatures. We found that low nighttime temperatures induced significant changes in the transcription patterns in the seeds of both cultivars. In contrast, the expression of genes associated with fatty acid and lipid pathways was higher in the O cultivar than in the S cultivar under low nighttime temperatures. Among these genes, we identified 14 genes associated with oil production, especially BnLPP and ACAA1, which were remarkably upregulated in the O cultivar in response to low nighttime temperatures compared to S. Further, a WGCNA analysis and qRT-PCR verification revealed that these genes were mainly regulated by five transcription factors, WRKY20, MYB86, bHLH144, bHLH95, and NAC12, whose expression was also increased in O compared to S under LNT. These results allowed the elucidation of the probable molecular mechanism of oil accumulation under LNT conditions in the O cultivar. Subsequent biochemical assays verified that BnMYB86 transcriptionally activated BnLPP expression, contributing to oil accumulation. Meanwhile, at LNT, the expression levels of these genes in the O plants were higher than at high nighttime temperatures, DEGs (SUT, PGK, PK, GPDH, ACCase, SAD, KAS II, LACS, FAD2, FAD3, KCS, KAR, ECR, GPAT, LPAAT, PAP, DGAT, STERO) related to lipid biosynthesis were also upregulated, most of which are used in oil accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Mi
- Agricultural Research Institute, Xizang Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yusong Zhang
- Industrial Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Yanning Zhao
- Vegetable Research Institute, Xizang Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
| | - Liangbin Lin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
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Pushkova EN, Povkhova LV, Dvorianinova EM, Novakovskiy RO, Rozhmina TA, Gryzunov AA, Sigova EA, Zhernova DA, Borkhert EV, Turba AA, Yablokov AG, Bolsheva NL, Dmitriev AA, Melnikova NV. Expression of FAD and SAD Genes in Developing Seeds of Flax Varieties under Different Growth Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:956. [PMID: 38611485 PMCID: PMC11013676 DOI: 10.3390/plants13070956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Flax seed is one of the richest plant sources of linolenic acid (LIN) and also contains unsaturated linoleic acid (LIO) and oleic acid (OLE). Stearoyl-ACP desaturases (SADs) and fatty acid desaturases (FADs) play key roles in the synthesis of flax fatty acids (FAs). However, there is no holistic view of which genes from the SAD and FAD families and at which developmental stages have the highest expression levels in flax seeds, as well as the influence of genotype and growth conditions on the expression profiles of these genes. We sequenced flax seed transcriptomes at 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after flowering (DAF) for ten flax varieties with different oil FA compositions grown under three temperature/watering conditions. The expression levels of 25 genes of the SAD, FAD2, and FAD3 families were evaluated. FAD3b, FAD3a, FAD2b-2, SAD3-1, SAD2-1, SAD2-2, SAD3-2, FAD2a-1, and FAD2a-2 had the highest expression levels, which changed significantly during seed development. These genes probably play a key role in FA synthesis in flax seeds. High temperature and insufficient watering shifted the maximum expression levels of FAD and SAD genes to earlier developmental stages, while the opposite trend was observed for low temperature and excessive watering. Differences in the FAD and SAD expression profiles under different growth conditions may affect the FA composition of linseed oil. Stop codons in the FAD3a gene, resulting in a reduced LIN content, decreased the level of FAD3a transcript. The obtained results provide new insights into the synthesis of linseed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena N. Pushkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Liubov V. Povkhova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Ekaterina M. Dvorianinova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman O. Novakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Tatiana A. Rozhmina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
- Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, 172002 Torzhok, Russia
| | - Aleksey A. Gryzunov
- All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Refrigeration Industry—Branch of V.M. Gorbatov Federal Research Center for Food Systems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 127422 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Elizaveta A. Sigova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daiana A. Zhernova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Elena V. Borkhert
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Anastasia A. Turba
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Arthur G. Yablokov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Nadezhda L. Bolsheva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
| | - Nataliya V. Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (E.N.P.); (L.V.P.); (E.M.D.); (R.O.N.); (T.A.R.); (E.A.S.); (D.A.Z.); (E.V.B.); (A.A.T.); (A.G.Y.); (N.L.B.)
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Yuan W, Wang QF, Pei WH, Li SY, Wang TM, Song HP, Teng D, Kang TG, Zhang H. Age-induced Changes in Ginsenoside Accumulation and Primary Metabolic Characteristics of Panax Ginseng in Transplantation Mode. J Ginseng Res 2024; 48:103-111. [PMID: 38223831 PMCID: PMC10785232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2023.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Ginseng (Panax ginseng Mayer) is an important natural medicine. However, a long culture period and challenging quality control requirements limit its further use. Although artificial cultivation can yield a sustainable medicinal supply, research on the association between the transplantation and chaining of metabolic networks, especially the regulation of ginsenoside biosynthetic pathways, is limited. Methods Herein, we performed Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry based metabolomic measurements to evaluate ginsenoside accumulation and categorise differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs). Transcriptome measurements using an Illumina Platform were then conducted to probe the landscape of genetic alterations in ginseng at various ages in transplantation mode. Using pathway data and crosstalk DAMs obtained by MapMan, we constructed a metabolic profile of transplantation Ginseng. Results Accumulation of active ingredients was not obvious during the first 4 years (in the field), but following transplantation, the ginsenoside content increased significantly from 6-8 years (in the wild). Glycerolipid metabolism and Glycerophospholipid metabolism were the most significant metabolic pathways, as Lipids and lipid-like molecule affected the yield of ginsenosides. Starch and sucrose were the most active metabolic pathways during transplantation Ginseng growth. Conclusion This study expands our understanding of metabolic network features and the accumulation of specific compounds during different growth stages of this perennial herbaceous plant when growing in transplantation mode. The findings provide a basis for selecting the optimal transplanting time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yuan
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Qing-feng Wang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Wen-han Pei
- Macau University of Science and Technology, China
| | - Si-yu Li
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Tian-min Wang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hui-peng Song
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | - Ting-guo Kang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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Dvorianinova EM, Zinovieva OL, Pushkova EN, Zhernova DA, Rozhmina TA, Povkhova LV, Novakovskiy RO, Sigova EA, Turba AA, Borkhert EV, Krasnov GS, Ruan C, Dmitriev AA, Melnikova NV. Key FAD2, FAD3, and SAD Genes Involved in the Fatty Acid Synthesis in Flax Identified Based on Genomic and Transcriptomic Data. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14885. [PMID: 37834335 PMCID: PMC10573214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
FAD (fatty acid desaturase) and SAD (stearoyl-ACP desaturase) genes play key roles in the synthesis of fatty acids (FA) and determination of oil composition in flax (Linum usitatissimum L.). We searched for FAD and SAD genes in the most widely used flax genome of the variety CDC Bethune and three available long-read assembled flax genomes-YY5, 3896, and Atlant. We identified fifteen FAD2, six FAD3, and four SAD genes. Of all the identified genes, 24 were present in duplicated pairs. In most cases, two genes from a pair differed by a significant number of gene-specific SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) or even InDels (insertions/deletions), except for FAD2a-1 and FAD2a-2, where only seven SNPs distinguished these genes. Errors were detected in the FAD2a-1, FAD2a-2, FAD3c-1, and FAD3d-2 sequences in the CDC Bethune genome assembly but not in the long-read genome assemblies. Expression analysis of the available transcriptomic data for different flax organs/tissues revealed that FAD2a-1, FAD2a-2, FAD3a, FAD3b, SAD3-1, and SAD3-2 were specifically expressed in embryos/seeds/capsules and could play a crucial role in the synthesis of FA in flax seeds. In contrast, FAD2b-1, FAD2b-2, SAD2-1, and SAD2-2 were highly expressed in all analyzed organs/tissues and could be involved in FA synthesis in whole flax plants. FAD2c-2, FAD2d-1, FAD3c-1, FAD3c-2, FAD3d-1, FAD3d-2, SAD3-1, and SAD3-2 showed differential expression under stress conditions-Fusarium oxysporum infection and drought. The obtained results are essential for research on molecular mechanisms of fatty acid synthesis, FAD and SAD editing, and marker-assisted and genomic selection for breeding flax varieties with a determined fatty acid composition of oil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Olga L. Zinovieva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena N. Pushkova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Daiana A. Zhernova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia
| | - Tatiana A. Rozhmina
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Federal Research Center for Bast Fiber Crops, Torzhok 172002, Russia
| | - Liubov V. Povkhova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141701, Russia
| | - Roman O. Novakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A. Sigova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141701, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Turba
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elena V. Borkhert
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Chengjiang Ruan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, Ministry of Education, Institute of Plant Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow 141701, Russia
| | - Nataliya V. Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
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Sharma A, Sharma D, Verma SK. A systematic in silico report on iron and zinc proteome of Zea mays. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1166720. [PMID: 37662157 PMCID: PMC10469895 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1166720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Zea mays is an essential staple food crop across the globe. Maize contains macro and micronutrients but is limited in essential mineral micronutrients such as Fe and Zn. Worldwide, serious health concerns have risen due to the deficiencies of essential nutrients in human diets, which rigorously jeopardizes economic development. In the present study, the systematic in silico approach has been used to predict Fe and Zn binding proteins from the whole proteome of maize. A total of 356 and 546 putative proteins have been predicted, which contain sequence and structural motifs for Fe and Zn ions, respectively. Furthermore, the functional annotation of these predicted proteins, based on their domains, subcellular localization, gene ontology, and literature support, showed their roles in distinct cellular and biological processes, such as metabolism, gene expression and regulation, transport, stress response, protein folding, and proteolysis. The versatile roles of these shortlisted putative Fe and Zn binding proteins of maize could be used to manipulate many facets of maize physiology. Moreover, in the future, the predicted Fe and Zn binding proteins may act as relevant, novel, and economical markers for various crop improvement programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Sharma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Dixit Sharma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Shailender Kumar Verma
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, District Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
- Department of Environmental Studies, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Xu X, Yang H, Suo X, Liu M, Jing D, Zhang Y, Dang J, Wu D, He Q, Xia Y, Wang S, Liang G, Guo Q. EjFAD8 Enhances the Low-Temperature Tolerance of Loquat by Desaturation of Sulfoquinovosyl Diacylglycerol (SQDG). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24086946. [PMID: 37108110 PMCID: PMC10138649 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24086946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is an evergreen fruit tree of Chinese origin, and its autumn-winter flowering and fruiting growth habit means that its fruit development is susceptible to low-temperature stress. In a previous study, the triploid loquat (B431 × GZ23) has been identified with high photosynthetic efficiency and strong resistance under low-temperature stress. Analysis of transcriptomic and lipidomic data revealed that the fatty acid desaturase gene EjFAD8 was closely associated with low temperatures. Phenotypic observations and measurements of physiological indicators in Arabidopsis showed that overexpressing-EjFAD8 transgenic plants were significantly more tolerant to low temperatures compared to the wild-type. Heterologous overexpression of EjFAD8 enhanced some lipid metabolism genes in Arabidopsis, and the unsaturation of lipids was increased, especially for SQDG (16:0/18:1; 16:0/18:3), thereby improving the cold tolerance of transgenic lines. The expression of ICE-CBF-COR genes were further analyzed so that the relationship between fatty acid desaturase and the ICE-CBF-COR pathway can be clarified. These results revealed the important role of EjFAD8 under low-temperature stress in triploid loquat, the increase expression of FAD8 in loquat under low temperatures lead to desaturation of fatty acids. On the one hand, overexpression of EjFAD8 in Arabidopsis increased the expression of ICE-CBF-COR genes in response to low temperatures. On the other hand, upregulation of EjFAD8 at low temperatures increased fatty acid desaturation of SQDG to maintain the stability of photosynthesis under low temperatures. This study not only indicates that the EjFAD8 gene plays an important role in loquat under low temperatures, but also provides a theoretical basis for future molecular breeding of loquat for cold resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaodong Suo
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Mingxiu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Danlong Jing
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jiangbo Dang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Di Wu
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qiao He
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guolu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qigao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
- Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
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Zhang X, Wang M, Guan H, Wen H, Zhang C, Dai C, Wang J, Pan B, Li J, Liao H. Genetic dissection of QTLs for oil content in four maize DH populations. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1174985. [PMID: 37123853 PMCID: PMC10130369 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1174985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Oil is one of the main components in maize kernels. Increasing the total oil content (TOC) is favorable to optimize feeding requirement by improving maize quality. To better understand the genetic basis of TOC, quantitative trait loci (QTL) in four double haploid (DH) populations were explored. TOC exhibited continuously and approximately normal distribution in the four populations. The moderate to high broad-sense heritability (67.00-86.60%) indicated that the majority of TOC variations are controlled by genetic factors. A total of 16 QTLs were identified across all chromosomes in a range of 3.49-30.84% in term of phenotypic variation explained. Among them, six QTLs were identified as the major QTLs that explained phenotypic variation larger than 10%. Especially, qOC-1-3 and qOC-2-3 on chromosome 9 were recognized as the largest effect QTLs with 30.84% and 21.74% of phenotypic variance, respectively. Seventeen well-known genes involved in fatty acid metabolic pathway located within QTL intervals. These QTLs will enhance our understanding of the genetic basis of TOC in maize and offer prospective routes to clone candidate genes regulating TOC for breeding program to cultivate maize varieties with the better grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Zhang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Min Wang
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haitao Guan
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongtao Wen
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | | | - Changjun Dai
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Bo Pan
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jialei Li
- Food Processing Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hui Liao
- Quality and Safety Institute of Agricultural Products, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Liao,
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8
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Contreras C, Pierantozzi P, Maestri D, Tivani M, Searles P, Brizuela M, Fernández F, Toro A, Puertas C, Trentacoste ER, Kiessling J, Mariotti R, Baldoni L, Mousavi S, Fernandez P, Moschen S, Torres M. How Temperatures May Affect the Synthesis of Fatty Acids during Olive Fruit Ripening: Genes at Work in the Field. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:54. [PMID: 36616181 PMCID: PMC9824132 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A major concern for olive cultivation in many extra-Mediterranean regions is the adaptation of recently introduced cultivars to environmental conditions different from those prevailing in the original area, such as the Mediterranean basin. Some of these cultivars can easily adapt their physiological and biochemical parameters in new agro-environments, whereas others show unbalanced values of oleic acid content. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the thermal regime during oil synthesis on the expression of fatty acid desaturase genes and on the unsaturated fatty acid contents at the field level. Two cultivars (Arbequina and Coratina) were included in the analysis over a wide latitudinal gradient in Argentina. The results suggest that the thermal regime exerts a regulatory effect at the transcriptional level on both OeSAD2 and OeFAD2-2 genes and that this regulation is cultivar-dependent. It was also observed that the accumulated thermal time affects gene expression and the contents of oleic and linoleic acids in cv. Arbequina more than in Coratina. The fatty acid composition of cv. Arbequina is more influenced by the temperature regime than Coratina, suggesting its greater plasticity. Overall, findings from this study may drive future strategies for olive spreading towards areas with different or extreme thermal regimes serve as guidance for the evaluation olive varietal patrimony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cibeles Contreras
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Juan 5427, Argentina
| | - Pierluigi Pierantozzi
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Juan 5427, Argentina
| | - Damián Maestri
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal, X5000 IMBIV—CONICET—Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| | - Martín Tivani
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Juan 5427, Argentina
| | - Peter Searles
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja, 5301 CRILAR La Rioja—UNLaR-SEGEMAR-UNCa, CONICET, Anillaco 5301, Argentina
| | - Magdalena Brizuela
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Científicas y Transferencia Tecnológica de La Rioja, 5301 CRILAR La Rioja—UNLaR-SEGEMAR-UNCa, CONICET, Anillaco 5301, Argentina
| | - Fabricio Fernández
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Catamarca, INTA, Sumalao 4705, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Toro
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cerro Azul, INTA, Cerro Azul 3313, Argentina
| | - Carlos Puertas
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Junín, INTA, Junín 5573, Argentina
| | | | - Juan Kiessling
- Agencia de Extensión Rural Centenario, INTA, Plottier 8316, Argentina
| | - Roberto Mariotti
- CNR—Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luciana Baldoni
- CNR—Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Soraya Mousavi
- CNR—Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources (IBBR), 06128 Perugia, Italy
| | - Paula Fernandez
- Instituto de Agrobiotecnología y Biología Molecular (IABiMo—INTA-CONICET), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agronómicas y Veterinarias, INTA, Hurlingham 1686, Argentina
- Escuela de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, San Martín 1650, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, C1428EGA Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Viamonte 2671, Argentina
| | - Sebastián Moschen
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Famaillá, INTA, CONICET, Famaillá 4132, Argentina
| | - Mariela Torres
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Juan 5427, Argentina
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9
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Behnam Mohammadi, Seyedi SM, Maboud HE. Investigation of Fatty Acid Profile and Relative Expression of Desaturases Genes in Pistacia atlantica and Pistacia khinjuk. BIOL BULL+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022150146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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10
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Wei H, Movahedi A, Xu S, Zhang Y, Liu G, Aghaei-Dargiri S, Ghaderi Zefrehei M, Zhu S, Yu C, Chen Y, Zhong F, Zhang J. Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of Fatty acid Desaturase Gene Family in Poplar. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911109. [PMID: 36232411 PMCID: PMC9570219 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) modulate carbon–carbon single bonds to form carbon–carbon double bonds in acyl chains, leading to unsaturated fatty acids (UFAs) that have vital roles in plant growth and development and their response to environmental stresses. In this study, a total of 23 Populus trichocarpaFAD (PtFAD) candidates were identified from the poplar genome and clustered into seven clades, including FAB2, FAD2, FAD3/7/8, FAD5, FAD6, DSD, and SLD. The exon–intron compositions and conserved motifs of the PtFADs, clustered into the same clade, were considerably conserved. It was found that segmental duplication events are predominantly attributable to the PtFAD gene family expansion. Several hormone- and stress-responsive elements in the PtFAD promoters implied that the expression of the PtFAD members was complicatedly regulated. A gene expression pattern analysis revealed that some PtFAD mRNA levels were significantly induced by abiotic stress. An interaction proteins and gene ontology (GO) analysis indicated that the PtFADs are closely associated with the UFAs biosynthesis. In addition, the UFA contents in poplars were significantly changed under drought and salt stresses, especially the ratio of linoleic and linolenic acids. The integration of the PtFAD expression patterns and UFA contents showed that the abiotic stress-induced PtFAD3/7/8 members mediating the conversion of linoleic and linolenic acids play vital roles in response to osmotic stress. This study highlights the profiles and functions of the PtFADs and identifies some valuable genes for forest improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wei
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ali Movahedi
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
- College of Arts and Sciences, Arlington International University, Wilmington, DE 19804, USA
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (J.Z.)
| | - Songzhi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Soheila Aghaei-Dargiri
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas 7916193145, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ghaderi Zefrehei
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Yasouj University, Yasouj 7591874831, Iran
| | - Sheng Zhu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Chunmei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yanhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Fei Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (J.Z.)
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11
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Rathore N, Kumar P, Mehta N, Swarnkar MK, Shankar R, Chawla A. Time-series RNA-Seq transcriptome profiling reveals novel insights about cold acclimation and de-acclimation processes in an evergreen shrub of high altitude. Sci Rep 2022; 12:15553. [PMID: 36114408 PMCID: PMC9481616 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19834-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The high-altitude alpine regions are characterized by highly variable and harsh environmental conditions. However, relatively little is known about the diverse mechanisms adopted by alpine plants to adapt to these stressful conditions. Here, we studied variation in transcriptome and physiological adjustments occurring across the year at high elevation environments in the leaf tissue of Rhododendron anthopogon, an evergreen shrub of Himalaya. The samples were collected at 12 different time-points, from August until snowfall in November 2017, and then from June to September 2018. It was observed that with a drop in both ambient air temperature and photoperiod towards onset of winter, the freezing resistance of plants increased, resulting in 'cold acclimation'. Further, 'de-acclimation' was associated with a decrease in freezing resistance and increase in photosynthetic efficiency of leaves during spring. A considerable amount of variation was observed in the transcriptome in a time-dependent sequential manner, with a total of 9,881 differentially expressed genes. Based on gene expression profiles, the time-points could be segregated into four clusters directly correlating with the distinct phases of acclimation: non-acclimation (22-August-2017, 14-August-2018, 31-August-2018), early cold acclimation (12-September-2017, 29-September-2017), late cold acclimation (11-October-2017, 23-October-2017, 04-November-2017, 18-September-2018) and de-acclimation (15-June-2018, 28-June-2018, 14-July-2018). Cold acclimation was a gradual process, as indicated by presence of an intermediate stage (early acclimation). However, the plants can by-pass this stage when sudden decrease in temperature is encountered. The maximum variation in expression levels of genes occurred during the transition to de-acclimation, hence was 'transcriptionally' the most active phase. The similar or higher expression levels of genes during de-acclimation in comparison to non-acclimation suggested that molecular functionality is re-initiated after passing through the harsh winter conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Rathore
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, H.P, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Prakash Kumar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, H.P, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.,Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Himalayan Centre for High-Throughput Computational Biology (HiCHiCoB, A BIC of Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India), CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, H.P, India
| | - Nandita Mehta
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, H.P, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | | | - Ravi Shankar
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, H.P, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India. .,Studio of Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, The Himalayan Centre for High-Throughput Computational Biology (HiCHiCoB, A BIC of Department of Biotechnology, Govt. of India), CSIR-IHBT, Palampur, H.P, India.
| | - Amit Chawla
- Environmental Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, H.P, India. .,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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12
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Wei J, Shao W, Liu X, He L, Zhao C, Yu G, Xu J. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of phospholipase D gene in leaves of sorghum in response to abiotic stresses. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1261-1276. [PMID: 35910446 PMCID: PMC9334518 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01200-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress caused by unsuitable environmental changes brings serious impacts on the growth and development of sorghum, resulting in significant loss in yield and quality every year. Phospholipase D is one of the key enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phospholipids, and participates in plants response to abiotic stresses and phytohormones, whereas as the main producers of Phosphatidic acid (PA) signal, the detailed information about Phospholipase D associated (SbPLD) family in sorghum has been rarely reported. This study was performed to identify the PLD family gene in sorghum based on the latest genome annotation and to determine the expression of PLDs under abiotic stresses by qRT-PCR analysis. In this study, 13 PLD genes were identified in sorghum genome and further divided into 7 groups according to the phylogenetic analysis. All sorghum PLD family members harbored two conserved domains (HDK1&2) with catalytic activity, and most members contained a C2 domain. In ζ subfamily, C2 domain was replaced by PX and PH domain. The exon-intron structure of SbPLD genes within the same subfamily was highly conservative. The tissue specific expression analysis revealed different expression of SbPLD genes in various developmental stages. High level expression of SbPLDα3 was observed in almost all tissues, whereas SbPLDα4 was mainly expressed in roots. Under abiotic stress conditions, SbPLD genes responded actively to NaCl, ABA, drought (PEG) and cold (4 °C) treatment at the transcriptional level. The expression of SbPLDβ1 was significantly up-regulated, while the transcription of SbPLDζ was suppressed under various stress conditions. In addition, SbPLDβ1 and SbPLDδ2 were predicted to be the target genes of sbi-miR159 and sbi-miR167, respectively. This study will help to decipher the roles of PLDs in sorghum growth and abiotic stress responses. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01200-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpeng Wei
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Agro-Products and Processed Products Quality Supervision, Inspection and Testing Center, Daqing, 163319 China
- National Coarse Cereal Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Wenjing Shao
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Lin He
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Changjiang Zhao
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Gaobo Yu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang Engineering Technology Research Center for Crop Straw Utilization, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319 China
- National Coarse Cereal Engineering Research Center, Daqing, 163319 China
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13
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Katral A, Muthusamy V, Zunjare RU, Chhabra R, Maman S, Yadava DK, Hossain F. Allelic Variation in Zmfatb Gene Defines Variability for Fatty Acids Composition Among Diverse Maize Genotypes. Front Nutr 2022; 9:845255. [PMID: 35600823 PMCID: PMC9120846 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.845255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible oil with lower saturated fatty acids is desired for perceived quality and health benefits to humans and livestock. fatb gene encoding acyl-ACP thioesterase is a key player in the conversion of palmitic acid to oleic acid, thereby modifying the ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids in maize kernels. The present investigation characterised the full-length sequence of the Zmfatb gene (4.63 kb) in two mutants (Zmfatb) and eight wild-types (ZmfatB) inbreds to study allelic variation, gene-based diversity, phylogenetic-relationship, protein-modelling, and molecular-docking to identify novel candidates for modification of fatty acid profile. Sequence alignment revealed wide genomic variability for Zmfatb among the inbreds; identified five novel SNPs and two InDels that clearly differentiated the wild-type and mutant genotypes. Gene-based diversity using 11-InDel markers categorised 48-diverse maize-inbreds into two-clusters. The majority of mutant and wild-type inbreds were grouped in separate clusters and led to the generation of 41 haplotypes. Genetic relationship of maize fatb gene with orthologues among 40 accessions of 12 oilseed-crops using both nucleotide and protein sequence clustered maize, soybean, sunflower, opium-poppy, Citrulus lanata, quinoa, and prunus species into one cluster; and brassica, camelina, and arabidopsis into the different cluster. The clustering pattern revealed that the plant oil with higher unsaturated fatty acids, particularly oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids grouped together in one cluster and higher proportions of other fractions like arachidic, eicosenoic, and erucic acids grouped in another cluster. Physico-chemical properties highlighted more similarity between maize and 29 orthologue proteins, but orthologues were found to have better thermostability. Homology models have been developed for maize mutant and wild-type inbreds using Umbellularia californica (PDB ID: 5x04) as a template. Predicted protein models possessed optimum confidence-score and RMSD values and validated stability via., Ramachandran plots. Molecular docking indicated most of the interactions of protein-ligand were having similar binding-affinity due to the broader specificity of fatty acyl-ACP thioesterases and the presence of conserved-domains across crops. This is the first report on the comprehensive molecular characterisation of the fatb gene in maize and various orthologues. The information generated here provided new insights into the genetic diversity of fatb gene which can be utilised for the enhanced nutritive value of oil in the breeding programme.
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14
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Laschke L, Schütz V, Schackow O, Sicker D, Hennig L, Hofmann D, Dörmann P, Schulz M. Survival of Plants During Short-Term BOA-OH Exposure: ROS Related Gene Expression and Detoxification Reactions Are Accompanied With Fast Membrane Lipid Repair in Root Tips. J Chem Ecol 2022; 48:219-239. [PMID: 34988771 PMCID: PMC8881443 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-021-01337-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
For the characterization of BOA-OH insensitive plants, we studied the time-dependent effects of the benzoxazolinone-4/5/6/7-OH isomers on maize roots. Exposure of Zea mays seedlings to 0.5 mM BOA-OH elicits root zone-specific reactions by the formation of dark rings and spots in the zone of lateral roots, high catalase activity on root hairs, and no visible defense reaction at the root tip. We studied BOA-6-OH- short-term effects on membrane lipids and fatty acids in maize root tips in comparison to the benzoxazinone-free species Abutilon theophrasti Medik. Decreased contents of phosphatidylinositol in A. theophrasti and phosphatidylcholine in maize were found after 10-30 min. In the youngest tissue, α-linoleic acid (18:2), decreased considerably in both species and recovered within one hr. Disturbances in membrane phospholipid contents were balanced in both species within 30-60 min. Triacylglycerols (TAGs) were also affected, but levels of maize diacylglycerols (DAGs) were almost unchanged, suggesting a release of fatty acids for membrane lipid regeneration from TAGs while resulting DAGs are buildings blocks for phospholipid reconstitution, concomitant with BOA-6-OH glucosylation. Expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD2) and of ER-bound oleoyl desaturase (FAD2-2) genes were contemporaneously up regulated in contrast to the catalase CAT1, while CAT3 was arguably involved at a later stage of the detoxification process. Immuno-responses were not elicited in short-terms, since the expression of NPR1, POX12 were barely affected, PR4 after 6 h with BOA-4/7-OH and PR1 after 24 h with BOA-5/6-OH. The rapid membrane recovery, reactive oxygen species, and allelochemical detoxification may be characteristic for BOA-OH insensitive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Laschke
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vadim Schütz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Schackow
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Dieter Sicker
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Lothar Hennig
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institut Für Organische Chemie, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Diana Hofmann
- IBG-3: Agrosphäre, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Peter Dörmann
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Margot Schulz
- IMBIO Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten Str. 13, 53115, Bonn, Germany.
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15
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Otyama PI, Chamberlin K, Ozias-Akins P, Graham MA, Cannon EKS, Cannon SB, MacDonald GE, Anglin NL. Genome-wide approaches delineate the additive, epistatic, and pleiotropic nature of variants controlling fatty acid composition in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2021; 12:6423989. [PMID: 34751378 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkab382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The fatty acid composition of seed oil is a major determinant of the flavor, shelf-life, and nutritional quality of peanuts. Major QTLs controlling high oil content, high oleic content, and low linoleic content have been characterized in several seed oil crop species. Here we employ genome-wide association approaches on a recently genotyped collection of 787 plant introduction accessions in the USDA peanut core collection, plus selected improved cultivars, to discover markers associated with the natural variation in fatty acid composition, and to explain the genetic control of fatty acid composition in seed oils. Overall, 251 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) had significant trait associations with the measured fatty acid components. Twelve SNPs were associated with two or three different traits. Of these loci with apparent pleiotropic effects, 10 were associated with both oleic (C18:1) and linoleic acid (C18:2) content at different positions in the genome. In all 10 cases, the favorable allele had an opposite effect-increasing and lowering the concentration, respectively, of oleic and linoleic acid. The other traits with pleiotropic variant control were palmitic (C16:0), behenic (C22:0), lignoceric (C24:0), gadoleic (C20:1), total saturated, and total unsaturated fatty acid content. One hundred (100) of the significantly associated SNPs were located within 1000 kbp of 55 genes with fatty acid biosynthesis functional annotations. These genes encoded, among others: ACCase carboxyl transferase subunits, and several fatty acid synthase II enzymes. With the exception of gadoleic (C20:1) and lignoceric (C24:0) acid content, which occur at relatively low abundance in cultivated peanut, all traits had significant SNP interactions exceeding a stringent Bonferroni threshold (α = 1%). We detected 7,682 pairwise SNP interactions affecting the relative abundance of fatty acid components in the seed oil. Of these, 627 SNP pairs had at least one SNP within 1000 kbp of a gene with fatty acid biosynthesis functional annotation. We evaluated 168 candidate genes underlying these SNP interactions. Functional enrichment and protein-to-protein interactions supported significant interactions (p-value < 1.0E-16) among the genes evaluated. These results show the complex nature of the biology and genes underlying the variation in seed oil fatty acid composition and contribute to an improved genotype-to-phenotype map for fatty acid variation in peanut seed oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul I Otyama
- Interdepartmental Genetics and Genomics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,Agronomy Department, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.,ORISE Postdoctoral Fellow, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Kelly Chamberlin
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Stillwater, OK 740752714, USA
| | - Peggy Ozias-Akins
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Genomics and Department of Horticulture, University of Georgia, Tifton, GA 31793-5766, USA
| | - Michelle A Graham
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Ethalinda K S Cannon
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | - Steven B Cannon
- USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | - Noelle L Anglin
- USDA-ARS Small Grains and Potato Research Laboratory, Aberdeen, ID 83210, USA
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Maize WRKY Transcription Factor ZmWRKY79 Positively Regulates Drought Tolerance through Elevating ABA Biosynthesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221810080. [PMID: 34576244 PMCID: PMC8468953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221810080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought stress causes heavy damages to crop growth and productivity under global climatic changes. Transcription factors have been extensively studied in many crops to play important roles in plant growth and defense. However, there is a scarcity of studies regarding WRKY transcription factors regulating drought responses in maize crops. Previously, ZmWRKY79 was identified as the regulator of maize phytoalexin biosynthesis with inducible expression under different elicitation. Here, we elucidated the function of ZmWRKY79 in drought stress through regulating ABA biosynthesis. The overexpression of ZmWRKY79 in Arabidopsis improved the survival rate under drought stress, which was accompanied by more lateral roots, lower stomatal aperture, and water loss. ROS scavenging was also boosted by ZmWRKY79 to result in less H2O2 and MDA accumulation and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Further analysis detected more ABA production in ZmWRKY79 overexpression lines under drought stress, which was consistent with up-regulated ABA biosynthetic gene expression by RNA-seq analysis. ZmWRKY79 was observed to target ZmAAO3 genes in maize protoplast through acting on the specific W-boxes of the corresponding gene promoters. Virus-induced gene silencing of ZmWRKY79 in maize resulted in compromised drought tolerance with more H2O2 accumulation and weaker root system architecture. Together, this study substantiates the role of ZmWRKY79 in the drought-tolerance mechanism through regulating ABA biosynthesis, suggesting its broad functions not only as the regulator in phytoalexin biosynthesis against pathogen infection but also playing the positive role in abiotic stress response, which provides a WRKY candidate gene to improve drought tolerance for maize and other crop plants.
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Zhao X, Wei Y, Zhang J, Yang L, Liu X, Zhang H, Shao W, He L, Li Z, Zhang Y, Xu J. Membrane Lipids' Metabolism and Transcriptional Regulation in Maize Roots Under Cold Stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:639132. [PMID: 33936129 PMCID: PMC8083060 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.639132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Low temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that restrict the growth and development of maize seedlings. Membrane lipid metabolism and remodeling are key strategies for plants to cope with temperature stresses. In this study, an integrated lipidomic and transcriptomic analysis was performed to explore the metabolic changes of membrane lipids in the roots of maize seedlings under cold stress (5°C). The results revealed that major extraplastidic phospholipids [phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidic acid (PA), and phosphatidylinositol (PI)] were dominant membrane lipids in maize root tissues, accounting for more than 70% of the total lipids. In the transcriptome data of maize roots under cold stress, a total of 189 lipid-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were annotated and classified into various lipid metabolism pathways, and most of the DEGs were enriched in the "Eukaryotic phospholipid synthesis" (12%), "Fatty acid elongation" (12%), and "Phospholipid signaling" (13%) pathways. Under low temperature stress, the molar percentage of the most abundant phospholipid PC decreased around 10%. The significantly up-regulated expression of genes encoding phospholipase [phospholipase D (PLD)] and phosphatase PAP/LPP genes implied that PC turnover was triggered by cold stress mainly via the PLD pathway. Consequently, as the central product of PC turnover, the level of PA increased drastically (63.2%) compared with the control. The gene-metabolite network and co-expression network were constructed with the prominent lipid-related DEGs to illustrate the modular regulation of metabolic changes of membrane lipids. This study will help to explicate membrane lipid remodeling and the molecular regulation mechanism in field crops encountering low temperature stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunchao Zhao
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
- College of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Yulei Wei
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinjie Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Li Yang
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Xinyu Liu
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Haiyang Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Wenjing Shao
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Lin He
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zuotong Li
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jingyu Xu
- Key Lab of Modern Agricultural Cultivation and Crop Germplasm Improvement of Heilongjiang Province, College of Agriculture, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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18
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Rawat N, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Membrane dynamics during individual and combined abiotic stresses in plants and tools to study the same. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:653-676. [PMID: 32949408 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The plasma membrane (PM) is possibly the most diverse biological membrane of plant cells; it separates and guards the cell against its external environment. It has an extremely complex structure comprising a mosaic of lipids and proteins. The PM lipids are responsible for maintaining fluidity, permeability and integrity of the membrane and also influence the functioning of membrane proteins. However, the PM is the primary target of environmental stress, which affects its composition, conformation and properties, thereby disturbing the cellular homeostasis. Maintenance of integrity and fluidity of the PM is a prerequisite for ensuring the survival of plants during adverse environmental conditions. The ability of plants to remodel membrane lipid and protein composition plays a crucial role in adaptation towards varying abiotic environmental cues, including high or low temperature, drought, salinity and heavy metals stress. The dynamic changes in lipid composition affect the functioning of membrane transporters and ultimately regulate the physical properties of the membrane. Plant membrane-transport systems play a significant role in stress adaptation by cooperating with the membrane lipidome to maintain the membrane integrity under stressful conditions. The present review provides a holistic view of stress responses and adaptations in plants, especially the changes in the lipidome and proteome of PM under individual or combined abiotic stresses, which cause alterations in the activity of membrane transporters and modifies the fluidity of the PM. The tools to study the varying lipidome and proteome of the PM are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishtha Rawat
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sneh L Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Aruna Asaf Ali Road, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
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19
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Lux PE, Schneider J, Müller F, Wiedmaier-Czerny N, Vetter W, Weiß TM, Würschum T, Frank J. Location and Variety but Not Phosphate Starter Fertilization Influence the Profiles of Fatty Acids, Carotenoids, and Tocochromanols in Kernels of Modern Corn ( Zea mays L.) Hybrids Cultivated in Germany. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:2845-2854. [PMID: 33646789 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate is a limiting plant nutrient and essential for corn growth and development. Thus, the impact of phosphate fertilization, location, and the variety of modern corn (Zea mays L.) hybrids on the profiles of fatty acids, carotenoids, and tocochromanols (vitamin E) was assessed in corn grains. Eight different corn hybrids were grown with (52.9 kg of phosphorus per ha) or without starter fertilizer at three experimental sites in Germany. Location (p < 0.05) and genetics (p < 0.001) but not phosphate fertilization significantly altered the concentrations of individual saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, and tocochromanols. Significant (p < 0.05) interaction effects on the concentrations were mainly observed between the variety and the location. In conclusion, the choice of the corn variety had a more significant impact on the biosynthesis of fatty acids, carotenoids, and tocochromanols than the location or phosphate application on phosphate-sufficient soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Lux
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Biofunctionality, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jeanine Schneider
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Biofunctionality, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Franziska Müller
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Nina Wiedmaier-Czerny
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Walter Vetter
- Institute of Food Chemistry, Department of Food Chemistry, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Thea M Weiß
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tobias Würschum
- Institute of Plant Breeding, Seed Science and Population Genetics, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstrasse 21, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Frank
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Biofunctionality, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstrasse 28, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
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20
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Li J, Liu A, Najeeb U, Zhou W, Liu H, Yan G, Gill RA, Yun X, Bai Q, Xu L. Genome-wide investigation and expression analysis of membrane-bound fatty acid desaturase genes under different biotic and abiotic stresses in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 175:188-198. [PMID: 33549671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Membrane-bound fatty acid desaturase (FAD) gene family plays crucial roles in regulation of fatty acid (FA) compositions in plants. Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is an important oilseed crop in the world; however, no comprehensive study on exploring the role of FAD family in relation to stress tolerance in sunflower has been performed yet. In this study, we identified 40 putative FAD genes in H. annuus (HaFAD), which were unevenly distributed across 13 of the total 17 chromosomes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that HaFAD genes were divided into four subfamilies, as supported by highly conserved gene structures and motifs. Collinearity analysis showed that tandem duplication events played a crucial role in the expansion of HaFAD gene family. In addition, tissue-specific expression showed that 32 HaFAD genes were widely expressed in various tissues or organs of sunflower. Furthermore, qRT-PCR results revealed significant expression changes of HaFAD genes in response to abiotic (cadmium, drought) and biotic (Orobanche cumana) stresses, suggesting their important functions in response to different stresses. Therefore, our results provide insights into HaFAD gene family in response to different stresses, and some specific up-regulated genes such as HaFAD3.2, HaADS8, HaFAD2.1, and HaADS9 would be the potential candidate genes for the sunflower tolerance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanjuan Li
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ake Liu
- Faculty of Biology Science and Technology, Changzhi University, Shanxi 046011, China.
| | - Ullah Najeeb
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, Centre for Plant Science, The University of Queensland, Toowoomba, QLD 4350, Australia
| | - Weijun Zhou
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm, Institute of Crop Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hui Liu
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Guijun Yan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment and The UWA Institute of Agriculture, Faculty of Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Rafaqat Ali Gill
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/The Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Xiaopeng Yun
- Institute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China
| | - Quanjiang Bai
- Institute of Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Huhhot 010031, China
| | - Ling Xu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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21
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Shukla PS, Prithiviraj B. Ascophyllum nodosum Biostimulant Improves the Growth of Zea mays Grown Under Phosphorus Impoverished Conditions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:601843. [PMID: 33488647 PMCID: PMC7820112 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.601843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorous is one of the major limiting factors determining plant growth. Current agricultural practices mainly rely on the use of chemical fertilizers posing threat to the ecosystem. In this study, the application of an Ascophyllum nodosum extract (ANE) in phosphorous (P)-limited conditions improved the fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots of Zea mays. ANE-treated Z. mays grown under P-limited conditions showed a higher P content than the control. ANE activated simultaneous responses, at multiple levels, in Z. mays grown under P-limited conditions as seen from the regulation of gene expression at the whole-plant level to specific biochemical responses on a subcellular level. ANE-supplemented Z. mays grown under P-limited conditions also showed reduced electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation by an improved membrane stability. ANE treatment reduced P-limitation-induced oxidative damage in Z. mays by reducing H2O2 andO 2 - accumulation. Furthermore, ANE also induced the accumulation of the total contents of soluble sugars, amino acids, phenolics, and flavonoids. Gene expression analysis suggested that ANE differentially modulated the expression of P-starvation responsive genes involved in metabolic, signal transduction, and developmental pathways in Z. mays. ANE also modulated the expression of genes involved in sugar, lipid, and secondary metabolism. Thus, this study illustrated the role of ANE in improving the productivity of Z. mays, an important crop, in P-limited conditions. Furthermore, it sets the framework to increase agricultural productivity in nutrient deficient soils using a sustainable, eco-friendly strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Balakrishnan Prithiviraj
- Marine Bio-Products Research Laboratory, Department of Plant, Food and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada
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22
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Hajiahmadi Z, Abedi A, Wei H, Sun W, Ruan H, Zhuge Q, Movahedi A. Identification, evolution, expression, and docking studies of fatty acid desaturase genes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Genomics 2020; 21:778. [PMID: 33167859 PMCID: PMC7653692 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-020-07199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds Fatty acid desaturases (FADs) introduce a double bond into the fatty acids acyl chain resulting in unsaturated fatty acids that have essential roles in plant development and response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Wheat germ oil, one of the important by-products of wheat, can be a good alternative for edible oils with clinical advantages due to the high amount of unsaturated fatty acids. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the wheat FAD gene family (TaFADs). Results 68 FAD genes were identified from the wheat genome. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, wheat FADs clustered into five subfamilies, including FAB2, FAD2/FAD6, FAD4, DES/SLD, and FAD3/FAD7/FAD8. The TaFADs were distributed on chromosomes 2A-7B with 0 to 10 introns. The Ka/Ks ratio was less than one for most of the duplicated pair genes revealed that the function of the genes had been maintained during the evolution. Several cis-acting elements related to hormones and stresses in the TaFADs promoters indicated the role of these genes in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Likewise, 72 SSRs and 91 miRNAs in 36 and 47 TaFADs have been identified. According to RNA-seq data analysis, the highest expression in all developmental stages and tissues was related to TaFAB2.5, TaFAB2.12, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, TaFAB2.20, TaFAD2.1, TaFAD2.6, and TaFAD2.8 genes while the highest expression in response to temperature stress was related to TaFAD2.6, TaFAD2.8, TaFAB2.15, TaFAB2.17, and TaFAB2.20. Furthermore, docking simulations revealed several residues in the active site of TaFAD2.6 and TaFAD2.8 in close contact with the docked oleic acid that could be useful in future site-directed mutagenesis studies to increase the catalytic efficiency of them and subsequently improve agronomic quality and tolerance of wheat against environmental stresses. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive information that can lead to the detection of candidate genes for wheat genetic modification. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-020-07199-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Hajiahmadi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, 4199613776, Iran
| | - Amin Abedi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, 4199613776, Iran
| | - Hui Wei
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Weibo Sun
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Honghua Ruan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Qiang Zhuge
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China
| | - Ali Movahedi
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of Forest Genetics & Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, 210037, China.
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23
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Li L, Li Y, Wang R, Chao L, Xiu Y, Wang H. Characterization of the stearoyl-ACP desaturase gene (PoSAD) from woody oil crop Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii in oleic acid biosynthesis. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 178:112480. [PMID: 32768716 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Paeonia ostii var. lishizhenii has been approved as a woody oil crop with the outstanding characteristic of abundant α-linolenic acid (C18:3, ALA) in its seed oil. The stearoyl-ACP desaturase gene (SAD) regulates the first key step from stearic acid (C18:0, SA) to oleic acid (C18:1, OA) in the ALA biosynthetic pathway, but its functional characterization in P. ostii var. lishizhenii is absent to date. In this study, a key PoSAD gene (1719 bp in length) was acquired from endosperm of P. ostii var. lishizhenii by transcriptome sequencing analysis and the RACE (rapid-amplification of cDNA ends) method. Bioinformatic analysis of the PoSAD protein showed high homology (ranging from 90.4% to 94.4%) and similar physical and chemical properties to SAD from other higher plants, indicating that it encodes a putative stearoyl-ACP desaturase. Analysis of cis-acting elements found several endosperm tissue-specific motifs; i.e., one Prolamin box, thirteen DOFCOREs and one RY repeat in its promoter. The results of the qRT-PCR experiments verified that PoSAD was most highly expressed in developing endosperm at 59 days after pollination (53.7 times that in shoots) compared with that in roots (1.4 times), stems (2.5 times), leaves (3.1 times), petals (13.1 times) and stamens (46.0 times). Meanwhile, the fatty acid contents in P. ostii var. lishizhenii endosperm at seven growth stages were compared with variation in PoSAD expression. Heterologous expression of PoSAD significantly decreased SA and increased OA content, which effectively reduced the ratios of SA to OA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana. However, contents and ratios of palmitic acid (C16:0) and palmitoleic acid (C16:1) were stable in transgenic yeast, and palmitoleic acid remained absent in transgenic A. thaliana seeds. These results illustrate that PoSAD plays an essential role in endosperm development of P. ostii var. lishizhenii, strictly in catalysis of SA desaturation and OA biosynthesis but without functioning in PA desaturation. The results contribute to our understanding of the characterization of PoSAD in OA biosynthesis in P. ostii var. lishizhenii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linkun Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Yipei Li
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Ruoxin Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Longjun Chao
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China; Beijing Peonature Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 101301, China.
| | - Yu Xiu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Huafang Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
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24
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Niu Y, Liu Z, He H, Han X, Qi Z, Yang Y. Gene expression and metabolic changes of Momordica charantia L. seedlings in response to low temperature stress. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233130. [PMID: 32469892 PMCID: PMC7259686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Low temperature is one of the abiotic factors limiting germination, growth and distribution of the plant in current plant-products industry, especially for the tropical vegetables in non-tropical area or other fields under cold temperature. Screening the plant with ability against cold temperature captured worldwide attention and exerted great importance. In our previous work, the anti-cold specie of Momordica Charantia L. seedlings was screened out. Yet, the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying this adaptive process still remain unknown. This study was aimed to investigate adaption mechanism of anti-cold species of Momordica Charantia L. seedlings in genetical and metabolomics levels. Two species, cold-susceptible group (Y17) and cold-resistant group (Y54), were evaluated containing the indexes of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), proline content, activities of antioxidant enzymes, metabolites changes and genes differentiation in plant tissues after cold treatment. It found that low temperature stress resulted in increased accumulation of MDA, H2O2 and proline content in two species, but less expressions in cold-resistant species Y54. As compared to Y17, cold-resistant species Y54 presented significantly enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities of POD (peroxidase), CAT (cataalase) and SOD (superoxide dismutase). Meanwhile, higher expressed genes encoded antioxidant enzymes and transcription factors when exposure to the low temperature were found in cold-resistant species Y54, and core genes were explored by Q-PCR validation, including McSOD1, McPDC1 and McCHS1. Moreover, plant metabolites containing amino acid, sugar, fatty acid and organic acid in Y54 were higher than Y17, indicating their important roles in cold acclimation. Meanwhile, initial metabolites, including amimo acids, polypeptides, sugars, organic acids and nucleobases, were apparently increased in cold resistant species Y54 than cold susceptible species Y17. Our results demonstrated that the Momordica Charantia L. seedlings achieved cold tolerance might be went through mobilization of antioxidant systems, adjustment of the transcription factors and accumulation of osmoregulation substance. This work presented meaning information for revealing the anti-cold mechanism of the Momordica Charantia L. seedlings and newsight for further screening of anti-cold species in other plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Niu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
| | - Ziji Liu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
| | - Huang He
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
| | - Xu Han
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Qi
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (ZQ)
| | - Yan Yang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, CATAS, Danzhou Hainan, China
- * E-mail: (YY); (ZQ)
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25
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Identification of Key Genes Involved in Embryo Development and Differential Oil Accumulation in Two Contrasting Maize Genotypes. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10120993. [PMID: 31805727 PMCID: PMC6947151 DOI: 10.3390/genes10120993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 11/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is an important oil seed crop and a major food crop in different parts of the world. Since maize has relatively lower seed oil content as compared to other oil crops, efforts are continuing to improve its oil content percentage. In this study, we analyzed two contrasting maize genotypes with differential oil accumulation percentages. High oil-content (HOC) maize had 11% oil content while low oil-content (LOC) maize had significantly lower oil content (5.4%). Transmission electron microscopy revealed a higher accumulation of oil bodies in the HOC maize embryo as compared to LOC maize. Comparative RNA-sequencing analysis at different developmental stages of the seed embryos identified 739 genes that are constantly differentially expressed (DEGs) at all the six developmental stages from 15 days after pollination (DAP) to 40 DAP. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis identified fatty acid metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis as the most enriched biological pathways contributed by these DEGs. Notably, transcriptional changes are more intense at the early stages of embryo development as compared to later stages. In addition, pathways related to oil biosynthesis and their corresponding genes were more enriched at 30 DAP, which seems to be the key stage for oil accumulation. The study also identified 33 key DEGs involved in fatty acid and triacylglycerols biosynthesis, most of which were up-regulated in HOC, that may shape the differential oil contents in the two contrasting maize. Notably, we discovered that both acyl-CoA-dependent and acyl-CoA-independent processes are essential for the high oil accumulation in maize embryo.
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