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Subías-Perié J, Navarrete-Villanueva D, Fernández-García ÁI, Moradell A, Lozano-Berges G, Gesteiro E, Pérez-Gómez J, Ara I, Gómez-Cabello A, Vicente-Rodríguez G, Casajús JA. Effects of a multicomponent training followed by a detraining period on metabolic syndrome profile of older adults. Exp Gerontol 2024; 186:112363. [PMID: 38244708 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The present study sought to analyze the effects of 6-month multicomponent training (MCT) combined with a 4-month detraining on metabolic syndrome (MetS) profile among older adults with decreased functional capacity. METHODS This quasi-experimental study included a total of 104 older adults (80.5 ± 6.0 years) and the sample was divided into a training (TRAIN, n = 55) or control group (CON). Harmonized definition was used to diagnose the MetS. Functional capacity, blood biochemical parameters, blood pressure, body composition and anthropometric measurements were assessed 3 times. Analysis of variance for repeated measures and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to check the differences within groups. RESULTS TRAIN decreased diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and total fat mass during training period, whereas CON did not show any significant changes. During detraining, TRAIN increased HDLC, systolic blood pressure (SBP), waist circumference (WC) and total fat mass; and decreased glucose and fat free mass, whereas CON increased the concentration of glucose and HDLC. From baseline to post-detraining assessment, CON increased the concentration of triglycerides and the WC, while TRAIN only increased the WC (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Exercise can be a key component in the treatment of the MetS, since MCT seems to be effective to decrease DBP and total fat mass. Nevertheless, 4-months of detraining could cause a drop of total fat mass, but no in DBP. To avoid reversibility of the benefits obtained, it could be beneficial to promote continuing exercise programs. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT03831841.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Subías-Perié
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - David Navarrete-Villanueva
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ángel Iván Fernández-García
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Ana Moradell
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain.
| | - Gabriel Lozano-Berges
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Eva Gesteiro
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; ImFine Research Group, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Pérez-Gómez
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; HEME (Health, Economy, Motricity and Education) Research Group, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Caceres, Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; GENUD-Toledo Research Group, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludables (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Alba Gómez-Cabello
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain; Centro Universitario de la Defensa, 50090 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 22002 Huesca, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
| | - José Antonio Casajús
- GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), University of Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain; Department of Physiatry and Nursery, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Ejercicio Físico y Salud, EXERNET, University of Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Casals C, Ávila-Cabeza-de-Vaca L, González-Mariscal A, Marín-Galindo A, Costilla M, Ponce-Gonzalez JG, Vázquez-Sánchez MÁ, Corral-Pérez J. Effects of an educational intervention on frailty status, physical function, physical activity, sleep patterns, and nutritional status of older adults with frailty or pre-frailty: the FRAGSALUD study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1267666. [PMID: 38098822 PMCID: PMC10720710 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1267666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The prevalence of frailty is increasing worldwide, emphasizing the importance of prioritizing healthy ageing. To address this, cost-effective and minimally supervised interventions are being sought. This study aimed to assess the impact of an educational program on frailty status, physical function, physical activity, sleep patterns, and nutritional status in community-dwelling older adults with at least 1 Fried's frailty criteria. Methods A 6-month multicentre randomized controlled trial was conducted from March 2022 to February 2023 in 14 health centres located in Cadiz and Malaga, Spain. The educational intervention consisted of 4 group sessions and 6 follow-up phone calls spread over 6 months. The program focused on educating participants about frailty and its impact on health, providing guidelines for physical activity, healthy dietary habits, cognitive training, psychological well-being and social activities. A total of 163 participants, divided into control (n = 80) and educational groups (n = 83) were assessed before and after the intervention. Results The results showed a significant group-time interaction in the physical function evaluated with a large effect on Short Physical Performance Battery score (η2p = 0.179, -0.1 [-1.2-1.0] points for control group vs. 1.0 [0.0-3.0] points for educational group, p < 0.001), and an effect on the 4-meter gait test ((η2p = 0.122, 0.5 [0.1-0.0] s for control group vs. -0.4 [-0.5- -0.3] s for educational group, p < 0.001), and the 5-repetition sit-to-stand test (η2p = 0.136, 1.0 [0.0-1.2] s for control group vs. -4.3 [-7.0- -2.3] for educational group, p < 0.001). Additionally, the use of accelerometers to assess physical activity, inactivity, and sleep patterns revealed a significant small effect in the number of awakenings at night ((η2p = 0.040, 1.1 [-0.5-3.4] awakenings for control group vs. 0.0 [-2.2-0.0] awakenings for educational group, p = 0.009). The findings also highlighted a significant medium effect regarding malnutrition risk, which was assessed using the Mini-Nutritional Assessment score (η2p = 0.088, -0.7 [-2.3-1.5] points for control group vs. 1.5 [-0.5-3.0] points for educational group, p < 0.001). Discussion Thus, the 6-month educational program effectively improved physical function, sleep patterns, and nutritional status compared to usual healthcare attendance in community-dwelling older adults with frailty or pre-frailty. These findings underscore the potential of minimally supervised interventions in promoting a healthy lifestyle in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Casals
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Laura Ávila-Cabeza-de-Vaca
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Andrea González-Mariscal
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Alberto Marín-Galindo
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Manuel Costilla
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Jesus G. Ponce-Gonzalez
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Vázquez-Sánchez
- Department of Nursing, PASOS Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, UMA REDIAS Network of Law and Artificial Intelligence Applied to Health and Biotechnology, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Juan Corral-Pérez
- ExPhy Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Universidad de Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
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Cofre-Bolados C, Vidal F, Gutiérrez Espinoza H, Betancourt-Peters I, Orihuela PA, Izquierdo M. Periodized Aerobic Training between Thresholds Improves Submaximal Cardiorespiratory Parameters in Octogenarians. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:219. [PMID: 37999436 PMCID: PMC10675261 DOI: 10.3390/sports11110219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The worldwide aging population is expanding, with more individuals living into their 80s. Physiological functions decline gradually with age, compounded by sedentary lifestyles. Incorporating physical activity into daily routine is crucial for maintaining independence. This study aimed to assess a periodized high-intensity aerobic training program (PEZO-BT) in octogenarians, focusing on submaximal ergospirometry effects. METHODS A total of 48 non-frail octogenarian subjects (12 females, 36 males) were randomized into control and intervention groups. All subjects underwent submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing with gas analysis at baseline, stopping after the respiratory compensation point (RCP). Our intervention group completed a 14-week PEZO-BT aerobic training program. The outcomes were oxygen consumption at first ventilatory threshold (VO2AT), ventilatory efficiency slope (VE/VCO2), oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES), cardiorespiratory optimal point (COP), oxygen pulse change (ΔVO2/HR) from anaerobic threshold (AT) to respiratory compensation point (RCP), and power output at anaerobic threshold (POAT). RESULTS Mixed ANOVA examined time and treatment effects. If significance emerged, post hoc t-tests were used to compare significances between groups. The homogeneity of variance was assessed using Levene's test. Chi-square tests compared ergospirometry criteria and ventilatory performance within groups. The mean differences at post intervention were significant in VO2AT (p < 0.001), VE/VCO2 (p < 0.001), ΔVO2/HR (p < 0.05), and POAT (p < 0.001), while OUES and COP were not significant (p > 0.05). However, clinical effects were observed in the entire intervention group. CONCLUSIONS Training improved exercise capacity and workload. Overall, this periodic aerobic and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program yielded significant improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in previously untrained octogenarians with and without comorbidities. The findings suggest implications for promoting long-term healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Cofre-Bolados
- Laboratory of Sciences of Physical Activity, Sport and Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9170022, Chile;
| | - Félix Vidal
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.V.)
| | | | - Ignacio Betancourt-Peters
- Departamento de Ciencias Exactas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Tres Pascualas, Concepción 4081339, Chile
| | - Pedro A. Orihuela
- Laboratorio de Inmunología de la Reproducción, Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago 9160000, Chile;
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (F.V.)
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Baltasar-Fernandez I, Losa-Reyna J, Carretero A, Rodriguez-Lopez C, Alfaro-Acha A, Guadalupe-Grau A, Ara I, Alegre LM, Gomez-Cabrera MC, García-García FJ, Alcazar J. Residual effects of 12 weeks of power-oriented resistance training plus high-intensity interval training on muscle dysfunction, systemic oxidative damage, and antioxidant capacity after 10 months of training cessation in older people with COPD. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1661-1676. [PMID: 37322570 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the residual effects of a 12-week concurrent training program (power training + high-intensity interval training) in older adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS A total of 21 older adults with COPD [intervention (INT), n = 8; control (CON), n = 13; 76.9 ± 6.8 years] were assessed at baseline and 10 months after the completion of the intervention by the short physical performance battery (SPPB), health-related quality of life (EQ-5D-5L), vastus lateralis muscle thickness (MT), peak pulmonary oxygen uptake (peak VO2 ) and peak work rate (Wpeak ), early and late isometric rate of force development (RFD), leg and chest press maximum muscle power (LPmax and CPmax ), and systemic oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity. RESULTS Compared to baseline, after 10 months of detraining, the INT group presented increased SPPB (∆ = 1.0 point), health-related quality of life (∆ = 0.07 points), early RFD (∆ = 834 N∙s-1 ), LPmax (∆ = 62.2 W), and CPmax (∆ = 16.0 W) (all p < 0.05). In addition, a positive effect was noted in INT compared to CON regarding MT and Wpeak (both p < 0.05). No between-group differences were reported in peak VO2 , late RFD, systemic oxidative damage, and antioxidant capacity from baseline to 10 months after the completion of the intervention (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Twelve weeks of concurrent training were enough to ensure improved physical function, health-related quality of life, early RFD and maximum muscle power and to preserve MT and Wpeak but not peak VO2 , late RFD, systemic oxidative damage and antioxidant capacity in the subsequent 10 months of detraining in older adults with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Baltasar-Fernandez
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Talavera de la Reina, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Jose Losa-Reyna
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Valoración del Rendimiento Deportivo, Actividad Física y Salud y Lesiones Deportivas (REDAFLED), Universidad de Valladolid, Soria, Spain
| | - Aitor Carretero
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Rodriguez-Lopez
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Geriatric Department, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Alfaro-Acha
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Ignacio Ara
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Luis M Alegre
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
| | - Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Freshage Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia and Fundación Investigación Hospital Clínico Universitario/INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain
| | - Francisco J García-García
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital Virgen del Valle, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | - Julian Alcazar
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
- CIBER on Frailty and Healthy Ageing (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Castilla-La Mancha (IDISCAM), Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM), Spain
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Gomes DRDP, Santos LP, Gonzalez MC, Vieira ER, Bielemann RM. Changes in Physical Performance among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Six Years. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:ijerph20085579. [PMID: 37107860 PMCID: PMC10138314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Changes in physical performance (PP) occur with aging, and understanding the magnitude of these changes over time is important. This study evaluated changes in Gait Speed (GS) and Timed Up and Go (TUG) performance and their association with related factors among community-dwelling older adults over a period of five to six years. A cohort study of 476 older adults with baseline assessment conducted in 2014 and reassessment in 2019-2020 was carried out. Associations between PP changes over time and sociodemographic, behavioral, and health variables were evaluated using mixed linear models. Approximately 68% of the participants declined PP; 20% had no relevant change in GS and 9% in TUG time (sustained PP); 12% increased GS, and 23% decreased TUG time (improved PP). Being male (p = 0.023), living without a partner/separated (p = 0.035), higher education (p = 0.019), and alcohol consumption in the prior month (p = 0.045) were associated with decreased GS, while older age (p < 0.001), having lower socioeconomic status (p < 0.004), physical inactivity (p = 0.017), and being overweight (p = 0.007) were associated with increased TUG time. PP declined for most participants. Factors most strongly associated with PP decline are non-modifiable. The high prevalence of PP decline over time signals the importance of including physical tests in yearly health assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darlise Rodrigues dos Passos Gomes
- Post-Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96075-630, Brazil; (M.C.G.); (R.M.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Maria Cristina Gonzalez
- Post-Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96075-630, Brazil; (M.C.G.); (R.M.B.)
| | - Edgar Ramos Vieira
- Department of Physical Therapy, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA;
| | - Renata Moraes Bielemann
- Post-Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96075-630, Brazil; (M.C.G.); (R.M.B.)
- Post-Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96020-220, Brazil
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EFFECTS OF TWENTY-EIGHT MONTHS OF DETRAINING IMPOSED BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE FUNCTIONAL FITNESS OF OLDER WOMEN EXPERIENCED IN CONCURRENT AND FUNCTIONAL TRAINING. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 111:105005. [PMID: 36989934 PMCID: PMC10033491 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To assess the impacts of 28 months of detraining imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic on the functional fitness of older women practicing functional or concurrent training. Material and Methods A clinical trial with 16 weeks of intervention and 28 months of detraining imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic was conducted. Ninety-five participants were allocated to functional training (FT - 32), concurrent training (CT - 31), or the control group (CG - 32). All the dependent variables were measured pre-training, post-training, and after the detraining period. The functional fitness was assessed by the put on and take off a t-shirt (PTS - upper limbs), timed up and go (TUG - dynamic balance), five times sit-to-stand (FTSST - lower-limb muscle power), gallon-jug shelf-transfer (GJST - global function), and 10 meters walk (W10 m - walking ability) tests. Results Sixty-three women remained after the detraining period, twenty-four in the FT (66.0±3.8 years), twenty in the CT (65.0±4.3 years), and nineteen in the CG (69.6±5.9 years). Comparing the detraining vs. the pre-intervention, the FT and CT showed a smaller reduction than CG for the PTS (βFT=-2.296; βCT=-1.914), timed up and go (βFT=-0.705; βCT=-0.600), five times sit-to-stand (βFT=-1.970; βCT=-2.970), gallon-jug shelf-transfer (βFT=-1.512; βCT=-1.003), without differences in the 10 meters walk. Also, the concurrent training showed a smaller reduction than the functional training in the FTSST (β = 1.000). Conclusion Even after a long detraining period imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, FT and CT practices were effective strategies for maintaining the functional fitness of older women.
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