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Chen F, Pu S, Tian L, Zhang H, Zhou H, Yan Y, Hu X, Wu Q, Chen X, Cheng SH, Xu S. Radix Rehmanniae Praeparata promoted zebrafish fin regeneration through aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent autophagy. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 331:118272. [PMID: 38710459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
HEADINGS ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata (RRP), a staple in traditional Chinese medicine, is derived from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch and is renowned for its wound-healing properties. Despite its clinical prevalence, the molecular mechanisms underlying RRP's wound-healing effects have not been fully elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY This research endeavored to delineate the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of RRP on wound healing, utilizing a zebrafish model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Zebrafish larvae at 3 days post-fertilization were amputated at the fin and subsequently treated with RRP. The pro-wound healing and regenerative effects of RRP were evaluated through morphological analysis, assessment of cell proliferation and apoptosis, Additionally, mechanistic insights were gained through a comprehensive approach encompassing network pharmacology analysis, cell tracing, RNA-sequencing, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing, and pharmacological inhibition. RESULTS Our findings demonstrate that RRP significantly accelerates caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish following injury by suppressing cell apoptosis, promoting cell proliferation, and upregulating the expression of regenerative-related genes. Furthermore, RRP triggers autophagy signals during the regenerative process, which is attenuated by the autophagy inhibitor chloroquine (CQ). Notably, the administration of RRP enhances the expression of ahr1 and ahr2 in the regenerating fin. Genetic knockout of ahr1a, ahr1b, or ahr2 using CRISPR/Cas9, or pharmacological blockade of AHR signals with the antagonist CH-223191, diminishes the regenerative potential of RRP. Remarkably, zebrafish lacking ahr2 completely lose their fin regeneration ability. Additionally, inhibition of AHR signaling suppresses autophagy signaling during fin regeneration. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovers that RRP stimulates fin regeneration in zebrafish by inducing AHR signals and, at least partially, activating the autophagy process. These findings provide novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the wound-healing effects of RRP and may pave the way for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengyan Chen
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Shiming Pu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Li Tian
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Huixian Zhou
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Yijing Yan
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Xiaolin Hu
- School of Economics and Management, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- Vitargent (International) Biotechnology Limited, Unit 516, 5/F. Biotech Centre 2, No. 11 Science Park West Avenue, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shuk Han Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Shisan Xu
- Guangxi Universities Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Biopharmaceutical Technology, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; Research Center for Biomedical Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China; College of Life Sciences, Guangxi Normal University, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Guilin, China.
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Wu X, Song J, Zhang Y, Kuai L, Liu C, Ma X, Li B, Zhang Z, Luo Y. Exploring the role of autophagy in psoriasis pathogenesis: Insights into sustained inflammation and dysfunctional keratinocyte differentiation. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 135:112244. [PMID: 38776847 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common and prevalent chronic papulosquamous cutaneous disorder characterized by sustained inflammation, uncontrolled keratinocyte proliferation, dysfunctional differentiation, and angiogenesis. Autophagy, an intracellular catabolic process, can be induced in response to nutrient stress. It entails the degradation of cellular constituents through the lysosomal machinery, and its association with psoriasis has been well-documented. Nevertheless, there remains a notable dearth of research concerning the involvement of autophagy in the pathogenesis of psoriasis within human skin. This review provides a comprehensive overview of autophagy in psoriasis pathogenesis, focusing on its involvement in two key pathological manifestations: sustained inflammation and uncontrolled keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Additionally, it discusses potential avenues for disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinxin Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Jiankun Song
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changya Liu
- Longhua Hospital Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xin Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Institute of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200443, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Ying Luo
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Gu X, Li Z, Su J. Air pollution and skin diseases: A comprehensive evaluation of the associated mechanism. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 278:116429. [PMID: 38718731 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Air pollutants deteriorate the survival environment and endanger human health around the world. A large number of studies have confirmed that air pollution jeopardizes multiple organs, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, and central nervous systems. Skin is the largest organ and the first barrier that protects us from the outside world. Air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs) will affect the structure and function of the skin and bring about the development of inflammatory skin diseases (atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis), skin accessory diseases (acne, alopecia), auto-immune skin diseases (cutaneous lupus erythematosus(CLE) scleroderma), and even skin tumors (melanoma, basal cell carcinoma (BCC), squamous-cell carcinoma (SCC)). Oxidative stress, skin barrier damage, microbiome dysbiosis, and skin inflammation are the pathogenesis of air pollution stimulation. In this review, we summarize the current evidence on the effects of air pollution on skin diseases and possible mechanisms to provide strategies for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Gu
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Zhengrui Li
- XiangYa School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Juan Su
- Department of Dermatology | Hunan Engineering Research Center of Skin Health and Disease | Hunan Key Laboratory of Skin Cancer and Psoriasis, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; National Engineering Research Center of Personalized Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technology, Changsha 410008, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders (Xiangya Hospital), Changsha 410008, China; Furong Laboratory, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China.
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Yadav P, Singh SK, Datta S, Verma S, Verma A, Rakshit A, Bali A, Bhatti JS, Khurana A, Navik U. Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2024:S2095-4964(24)00330-3. [PMID: 38797603 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2024.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Visnagin is a furanochromone and one of the most important compound in the Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam (a synonym of Visnaga daucoides Gaertn.) plant, which is used to cure various ailments. Many investigations into the bioactive properties of visnagin have been studied to date. The literature on visnagin demonstrates its biological properties, including anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and beneficial effects in cardiovascular and renal diseases. Moreover, visnagin improves sperm quality parameters, stimulates steroidogenesis, and increases serum gonadotropins and testosterone levels, while decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative damage, genomic instability, and it modulates apoptosis. Thus, visnagin has emerged as an exciting lead for further research, owing to its potential in various unmet clinical needs. The current review summarized its basic structure, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacological effects, focusing on its mechanisms of action. The review will help to understand the potential of visnagin as an alternative treatment strategy for several diseases and provide insight into research topics that need further exploration for visnagin's safe clinical use. Please cite this article as: Yadav P, Singh SK, Datta S, Verma S, Verma A, Rakshit A, Bali A, Bhatti JS, Khurana A, Navik U. Therapeutic potential and pharmacological mechanism of visnagin. J Integr Med. 2024; Epub ahead of print.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Yadav
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Sumeet Kumar Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Sayantap Datta
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5000, USA
| | - Saloni Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Aarti Verma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Arnab Rakshit
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Anjana Bali
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
| | - Umashanker Navik
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab 151401, India.
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Lin X, Meng X, Lin J. The Role of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Psoriasis. J Cutan Med Surg 2024; 28:276-286. [PMID: 38497283 DOI: 10.1177/12034754241239050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of psoriasis is complex. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a transcription factor that can be bound and activated by structurally diverse ligands and plays an important role in a range of biological processes and in the pathogenesis of different diseases. Recently, the role of AhR in psoriasis has attracted attention. AhR has toxicological functions and physiological functions. The overexpression and activation of AhR induced by the environmental pollutant and exogenous AhR agonist 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) can drive the development of psoriasis. This TCDD-mediated toxicological response disrupts the physiological functions of AhR resulting in skin barrier disorders and the release of inflammatory cytokines, 2 of the pivotal factors of psoriasis. In addition, highly upregulated kynureninase in psoriasis decreases endogenous AhR agonists, thereby weakening the physiological functions of AhR. Activating AhR physiological signalling should be useful in the treatment of psoriasis. Studies have demonstrated that physiological activation of AhR can dampen the severity of psoriasis. The oldest and effective treatment for psoriasis coal tar works by activating AhR, and both new anti-psoriasis drugs tapinarof and benvitimod are formulations of AhR agonist, supporting that activation of AhR can be used as a new strategy for the treatment of psoriasis. Preclinical and preliminary clinical studies have revealed the anti-psoriasis effects of a number of AhR agonists, providing potential candidates for the development of new drugs for the treatment of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiran Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xianmin Meng
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Axia Women's Health, Oaks, PA, USA
| | - Jingrong Lin
- Department of Dermatology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Hu H, Yang X, Chen Q, Huang X, Cao X, Zhang X, Xu Y. Causal association between air pollution and autoimmune diseases: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1333811. [PMID: 38605869 PMCID: PMC11007215 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1333811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In recent years, an increasing number of observational studies have reported the impact of air pollution on autoimmune diseases (ADs). However, no Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have been conducted to investigate the causal relationships. To enhance our understanding of causality, we examined the causal relationships between particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) and ADs. Methods We utilized genome-wide association study (GWAS) data on PM and NOx from the UK Biobank in European and East Asian populations. We also extracted integrated GWAS data from the Finnish consortium and the Japanese Biobank for two-sample MR analysis. We employed inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis to assess the causal relationship between PM and NOx exposure and ADs. Additionally, we conducted supplementary analyses using four methods, including IVW (fixed effects), weighted median, weighted mode, and simple mode, to further investigate this relationship. Results In the European population, the results of MR analysis suggested a statistically significant association between PM2.5 and psoriasis only (OR = 3.86; 95% CI: 1.89-7.88; PIVW < 0.00625), while a potential association exists between PM2.5-10 and vitiligo (OR = 7.42; 95% CI: 1.02-53.94; PIVW < 0.05), as well as between PM2.5 and systemic lupus erythematosus (OR = 68.17; 95% CI: 2.17-2.1e+03; PIVW < 0.05). In East Asian populations, no causal relationship was found between air pollutants and the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis (PIVW > 0.025). There was no pleiotropy in the results. Conclusion Our results suggest a causal association between PM2.5 and psoriasis in European populations. With the help of air pollution prevention and control, the harmful progression of psoriasis may be slowed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiping Hu
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qingquan Chen
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xinfeng Huang
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Cao
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Zhang
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Youqiong Xu
- The Affiliated Fuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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Ying Y, Song LY, Pang WL, Zhang SQ, Yu JZ, Liang PT, Li TG, Sun Y, Wang YY, Yan JY, Yang ZS. Astragalus polysaccharide protects experimental colitis through an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent autophagy mechanism. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:681-697. [PMID: 37653584 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Disruption of intestinal barriers plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of colitis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a recognition sensor that mediates intestinal immune homeostasis and minimizes intestinal inflammation. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) exerts pharmacological actions in colitis; however, the mechanism has not been elucidated. We investigated whether APS protects through AhR-dependent autophagy. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The symptoms of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice involving intestinal barrier function and inflammatory injury were evaluated after APS administration. Intestinal-specific Becn1 conditional knockout (Becn1 cKO) mice were constructed and compared with wild-type mice. Autophagy and the effects of APS were investigated after the deactivation of AhRs. The relationship between APS-induced AhRs and autophagic Becn1 was investigated using a dual-luciferase reporter system and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)-quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. Caco-2 cells were used to investigate inflammatory responses and AhR-dependent autophagy. KEY RESULTS APS improved intestinal barrier function in inflammatory injury in colitis mice. APS triggered autophagic flow; however, knockout of Becn1 in the gut increased susceptibility to colitis, leading to diminished epithelial barrier function and severe intestinal inflammation, impairing the protective effects of APS. Mechanistically, APS-triggered autophagy depends on AhR expression. Activated AhR binds to the promoter Becn1 to operate transcription of genes involved in anti-inflammation and intestinal barrier repair, while deactivation of AhR correlated with intestinal inflammation and the therapeutic function of APS. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS APS protects colitis mice by targeting autophagy, especially as the AhR stimulates the repair of damaged intestinal barrier functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ying
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yun Song
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Wen-Lin Pang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Si-Qi Zhang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Ze Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of MOE, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Peng-Tao Liang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Tian-Gang Li
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yin-Ying Wang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Yan
- Central Laboratory, Kunming Medical University Second Hospital, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhong-Shan Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Chronic Disease in Prevention and Treatment, Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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Kim HR, Lee SY, You GE, Park CW, Kim HO, Chung BY. Exosomes released by environmental pollutant-stimulated Keratinocytes/PBMCs can trigger psoriatic inflammation in recipient cells via the AhR signaling pathway. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1324692. [PMID: 38288335 PMCID: PMC10822922 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1324692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Exosomes, pivotal in intercellular communication during skin disease pathogenesis, have garnered substantial attention. However, the impact of environmental pollutants, such as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), on exosome release amid inflammatory skin diseases remains unexplored. This study addresses this gap by examining the influence of BaP and TCDD on exosome function, specifically focusing on immune-related pathway alterations in normal recipient keratinocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Methods: HaCaT cells were treated with exosomes from BaP- or TCDD-treated keratinocytes. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, CXCL1, and CXCL5, were assessed. The involvement of the p65NF-κB/p38MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in recipient keratinocytes was investigated. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) silencing was employed to elucidate its role in mediating the proinflammatory response induced by exosomes from BaP- or TCDD-treated keratinocytes. Results and discussion: Treatment with exosomes from BaP- or TCDD-treated keratinocytes induced a significant increase in proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in HaCaT cells. The upregulation implicated the p65NF-κB/p38MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. AhR silencing attenuated this response, suggesting a role for AhR in mediating this response. In PBMCs from healthy controls, exosomes from BaP-stimulated PBMCs of psoriatic patients led to increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and modulation of Th1/Th17 cell distribution via AhR activation. These findings unveil a novel dimension in the interplay between environmental xenobiotic agents (BaP and TCDD) and exosomal functions. The study establishes their influence on psoriatic inflammatory responses, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms mediated through the AhR signaling pathway in recipient keratinocytes and PBMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ran Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Lee
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Eun You
- Research and Development Institute, Biosolution, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Kuczyńska M, Moskot M, Gabig-Cimińska M. Insights into Autophagic Machinery and Lysosomal Function in Cells Involved in the Psoriatic Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Cascade. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2024; 72:aite-2024-0005. [PMID: 38409665 DOI: 10.2478/aite-2024-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Impaired autophagy, due to the dysfunction of lysosomal organelles, contributes to maladaptive responses by pathways central to the immune system. Deciphering the immune-inflammatory ecosystem is essential, but remains a major challenge in terms of understanding the mechanisms responsible for autoimmune diseases. Accumulating evidence implicates a role that is played by a dysfunctional autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) and an immune niche in psoriasis (Ps), one of the most common chronic skin diseases, characterized by the co-existence of autoimmune and autoinflammatory responses. The dysregulated autophagy associated with the defective lysosomal system is only one aspect of Ps pathogenesis. It probably cannot fully explain the pathomechanism involved in Ps, but it is likely important and should be seriously considered in Ps research. This review provides a recent update on discoveries in the field. Also, it sheds light on how the dysregulation of intracellular pathways, coming from modulated autophagy and endolysosomal trafficking, characteristic of key players of the disease, i.e., skin-resident cells, as well as circulating immune cells, may be responsible for immune impairment and the development of Ps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Kuczyńska
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Marta Moskot
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
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Kim EY, Ji Kim E, Park H, Lee Y, Kyung Kim D, Sohn Y, Jung HS. A study on specific factors related to inflammation and autophagy in BEAS-2B cells induced by urban particulate matter (PM, 1648a) and histological evaluation of PM-induced bronchial asthma model in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 123:110730. [PMID: 37543014 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
As particulate matter (PM) poses an increasing risk, research on its correlation with diseases is active. However, researchers often use their own PM, making it difficult to determine its components. To address this, we investigated the effects of PM with known constituents on BEAS-2B cells, examining cytokine levels, reactive oxygen species ROS production, DNA damage, and MAPK phosphorylation. Additionally, we evaluated the effects of PM on normal and OVA-induced asthmatic mice by measuring organ weight, cytokine levels, and inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and examining histological changes. PM markedly increased levels of IL-6, GM-CSF, TNF-α, ROS, nitric oxide, and DNA damage, while surprisingly reducing IL-8 and MCP-1. Moreover, PM increased MAPK phosphorylation and inhibited mTOR and AKT phosphorylation. In vivo, lung and spleen weights, IgE, OVA-specific IgE, IL-4, IL-13, total cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, mucus generation, and LC3II were higher in the asthma group. PM treatment in asthmatic mice increased lung weight and macrophage infiltration, but decreased IL-4 and IL-13 in BALF. Meanwhile, PM treatment in the Nor group increased total cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and mucus generation. Our study suggests that PM may induce and exacerbate lung disease by causing immune imbalance via the MAPK and autophagy pathways, resulting in decreased lung function due to increased smooth muscle thickness and mucus generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Young Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Eom Ji Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoyeon Park
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Kyung Kim
- Department of Anatomy, Konyang University College of Medicine, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjoo Sohn
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyuk-Sang Jung
- Department of Anatomy, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 26, Kyunghee dae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Pambianchi E, Hagenberg Z, Pecorelli A, Pasqui A, Therrien JP, Valacchi G. Tension as a key factor in skin responses to pollution. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16013. [PMID: 37749125 PMCID: PMC10519937 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42629-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Being the more apparent organ exposed to the outdoor stressors, the effect of pollution on the skin has been widely studied in the last few decades. Although UV light is known as the most aggressive stressor to which our cutaneous tissue is daily exposed, other components of the tropospheric pollution have also shown to affect skin health and functionality. Among them, ozone has been proven to be one of the most toxic due to its high reactivity with the epidermal lipids. Studying the cutaneous effect of pollution in a laboratory setting presents challenges, therefore it becomes critical to employ appropriate and tailored models that aim to answer specific questions. Several skin models are available nowadays: in vitro models (2D cell lines and 3D cutaneous tissues), ex vivo skin explants and in vivo approaches (animals and humans). Although in the last 20 years researchers developed skin models that closely resemble human skin (3D cutaneous tissues), ex vivo skin explants still remain one of the best models to study cutaneous responses. Unfortunately, one important cutaneous property that is not present in the traditional ex vivo human skin explants is the physiological tension, which has been shown to be a cardinal player in skin structure, homeostasis, functional properties and responses to external stimuli. For this reason, in this study, to confirm and further comprehend the harmful mechanism of ozone exposure on the integumentary system, we have performed experiments using the state of art in cutaneous models: the innovative TenSkin™ model in which ex vivo human skin explants are cultured under physiologically relevant tension during the whole experimental procedure. Specifically, we were interested in corroborating previous findings showing that ozone exposure modulates the expression of cutaneous antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The present work demonstrates that cutaneous exposure to ozone induces AMPs gene and protein levels (CAMP/LL-37, hBD2, hBD3) and that the presence of tension can further modulate their expression. In addition, different responses between tension and non-tension cultured skin were also observed during the evaluation of OxInflammatory markers [cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), matrix-metallo-proteinase 9 (MMP9) and 4-hydroxy-nonenal (4HNE)]. This current study supports our previous findings confirming the ability of pollution to induce the cutaneous expression of AMPs via redox signaling and corroborates the principle that skin explants are a good and reliable model to study skin responses even though it underlines the need to holistically consider the role of skin tension before extrapolating the data to real life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Pambianchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Zachary Hagenberg
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Alessandra Pecorelli
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Arianna Pasqui
- Department of Biotechnologies, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Siena, 53100, Siena, Italy
- Toscana Life Sciences Foundation, 53100, Siena, Italy
| | - Jean-Philippe Therrien
- Department of Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Animal Science, Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, 28081, USA.
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Prevention, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Korea.
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12
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Bocheva G, Slominski RM, Slominski AT. Environmental Air Pollutants Affecting Skin Functions with Systemic Implications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10502. [PMID: 37445680 PMCID: PMC10341863 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The increase in air pollution worldwide represents an environmental risk factor that has global implications for the health of humans worldwide. The skin of billions of people is exposed to a mixture of harmful air pollutants, which can affect its physiology and are responsible for cutaneous damage. Some polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are photoreactive and could be activated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Therefore, such UVR exposure would enhance their deleterious effects on the skin. Air pollution also affects vitamin D synthesis by reducing UVB radiation, which is essential for the production of vitamin D3, tachysterol, and lumisterol derivatives. Ambient air pollutants, photopollution, blue-light pollution, and cigarette smoke compromise cutaneous structural integrity, can interact with human skin microbiota, and trigger or exacerbate a range of skin diseases through various mechanisms. Generally, air pollution elicits an oxidative stress response on the skin that can activate the inflammatory responses. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) can act as a sensor for small molecules such as air pollutants and plays a crucial role in responses to (photo)pollution. On the other hand, targeting AhR/Nrf2 is emerging as a novel treatment option for air pollutants that induce or exacerbate inflammatory skin diseases. Therefore, AhR with downstream regulatory pathways would represent a crucial signaling system regulating the skin phenotype in a Yin and Yang fashion defined by the chemical nature of the activating factor and the cellular and tissue context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgeta Bocheva
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical University of Sofia, 1431 Sofia, Bulgaria;
| | - Radomir M. Slominski
- Department of Genetics, Informatics Institute in the School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Andrzej T. Slominski
- Department of Dermatology, Cancer Chemoprevention Program, Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Veteran Administration Medical Center, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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13
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Parikh SD, Wang W, Nelson MT, Sulentic CEW, Mukhopadhyay SM. Bioinspired Hierarchical Carbon Structures as Potential Scaffolds for Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13111791. [PMID: 37299693 DOI: 10.3390/nano13111791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered bio-scaffolds for wound healing provide an attractive treatment option for tissue engineering and traumatic skin injuries since they can reduce dependence on donors and promote faster repair through strategic surface engineering. Current scaffolds present limitations in handling, preparation, shelf life, and sterilization options. In this study, bio-inspired hierarchical all-carbon structures comprising carbon nanotube (CNT) carpets covalently bonded to flexible carbon fabric have been investigated as a platform for cell growth and future tissue regeneration applications. CNTs are known to provide guidance for cell growth, but loose CNTs are susceptible to intracellular uptake and are suspected to cause in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity. This risk is suppressed in these materials due to the covalent attachment of CNTs on a larger fabric, and the synergistic benefits of nanoscale and micro-macro scale architectures, as seen in natural biological materials, can be obtained. The structural durability, biocompatibility, tunable surface architecture, and ultra-high specific surface area of these materials make them attractive candidates for wound healing. In this study, investigations of cytotoxicity, skin cell proliferation, and cell migration were performed, and results indicate promise in both biocompatibility and directed cell growth. Moreover, these scaffolds provided cytoprotection against environmental stressors such as Ultraviolet B (UVB) rays. It was seen that cell growth could also be tailored through the control of CNT carpet height and surface wettability. These results support future promise in the design of hierarchical carbon scaffolds for strategic wound healing and tissue regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soham D Parikh
- Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Wright State University, 3640 Col. Glen Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Wenhu Wang
- Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), University of Maine, United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Orono, ME 04469, USA
| | - M Tyler Nelson
- 711th Human Performance Wing, Airman Systems Directorate, Bioengineering Division, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Dayton, OH 45433, USA
| | - Courtney E W Sulentic
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, 3640 Col. Glen Hwy, Dayton, OH 45435, USA
| | - Sharmila M Mukhopadhyay
- Frontier Institute for Research in Sensor Technologies (FIRST), University of Maine, United States Air Force Research Laboratory, Orono, ME 04469, USA
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14
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Park A, Heo TH. IL-17A-targeting fenofibrate attenuates inflammation in psoriasis by inducing autophagy. Life Sci 2023:121755. [PMID: 37236601 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
IL-17A is a critical pro-inflammatory cytokine in autoimmune diseases such as psoriasis. Targeting of IL-17A is an effective strategy to treat patients with autoimmune diseases; however, relevant small molecule therapeutics have not yet been developed. Here, the small molecule drug fenofibrate was validated as an inhibitor of IL-17A through ELISA and surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assays. We further confirmed that fenofibrate blocked IL-17A signalings including the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and NF-κB signaling pathways, in IL-17A-treated HaCaT cells, HEKa (human primary epidermal keratinocytes) and imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis mouse model. Fenofibrate attenuated systemic inflammation by suppressing Th17 populations and inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17A, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Surprisingly, fenofibrate upregulated LC3 and p62 in the psoriatic mouse group. The autophagy changes were caused by ULK1 pathway in hIL-17A-treated HaCaT and HEKa. In addition, the enhancement of autophagy by fenofibrate exerted anti-inflammatory effects, as demonstrated by the suppression of IL-6 and IL-8 in the IL-17A-treated keratinocytes. Thus, IL-17A-targeting fenofibrate can be a potential therapeutic for psoriasis and other autoimmune diseases via regulating autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aeri Park
- Laboratory of PharmacoImmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Hwe Heo
- Laboratory of PharmacoImmunology, Integrated Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and BK21 FOUR Team for Advanced Program for SmartPharma Leaders, College of Pharmacy, The Catholic University of Korea, 43, Jibong-ro, Bucheon-si, Gyeonggi-do 14662, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Salminen A. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) impairs circadian regulation: impact on the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 87:101928. [PMID: 37031728 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks control the internal sleep-wake rhythmicity of 24hours which is synchronized by the solar cycle. Circadian regulation of metabolism evolved about 2.5 billion years ago, i.e., the rhythmicity has been conserved from cyanobacteria and Archaea through to mammals although the mechanisms utilized have developed with evolution. While the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is an evolutionarily conserved defence mechanism against environmental threats, it has gained many novel functions during evolution, such as the regulation of cell cycle, proteostasis, and many immune functions. There is robust evidence that AhR signaling impairs circadian rhythmicity, e.g., by interacting with the core BMAL1/CLOCK complex and disturbing the epigenetic regulation of clock genes. The maintenance of circadian rhythms is impaired with aging, disturbing metabolism and many important functions in aged organisms. Interestingly, it is known that AhR signaling promotes an age-related tissue degeneration, e.g., it is able to inhibit autophagy, enhance cellular senescence, and disrupt extracellular matrix. These alterations are rather similar to those induced by a long-term impairment of circadian rhythms. However, it is not known whether AhR signaling enhances the aging process by impairing circadian homeostasis. I will examine the experimental evidence indicating that AhR signaling is able to promote the age-related degeneration via a disruption of circadian rhythmicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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16
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Salminen A. Activation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in Alzheimer's disease: role of tryptophan metabolites generated by gut host-microbiota. J Mol Med (Berl) 2023; 101:201-222. [PMID: 36757399 PMCID: PMC10036442 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-023-02289-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbiota in interaction with intestinal host tissues influences many brain functions and microbial dysbiosis has been linked with brain disorders, such as neuropsychiatric conditions and Alzheimer's disease (AD). L-tryptophan metabolites and short-chained fatty acids (SCFA) are major messengers in the microbiota-brain axis. Aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) are main targets of tryptophan metabolites in brain microvessels which possess an enriched expression of AhR protein. The Ah receptor is an evolutionarily conserved, ligand-activated transcription factor which is not only a sensor of xenobiotic toxins but also a pleiotropic regulator of both developmental processes and age-related tissue degeneration. Major microbiota-produced tryptophan metabolites involve indole derivatives, e.g., indole 3-pyruvic acid, indole 3-acetaldehyde, and indoxyl sulfate, whereas indoleamine and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenases (IDO/TDO) of intestine host cells activate the kynurenine (KYN) pathway generating KYN metabolites, many of which are activators of AhR signaling. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) increases the serum level of indoxyl sulfate which promotes AD pathogenesis, e.g., it disrupts integrity of blood-brain barrier (BBB) and impairs cognitive functions. Activation of AhR signaling disturbs vascular homeostasis in brain; (i) it controls blood flow via the renin-angiotensin system, (ii) it inactivates endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), thus impairing NO production and vasodilatation, and (iii) it induces oxidative stress, stimulates inflammation, promotes cellular senescence, and enhances calcification of vascular walls. All these alterations are evident in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in AD pathology. Moreover, AhR signaling can disturb circadian regulation and probably affect glymphatic flow. It seems plausible that dysbiosis of gut microbiota impairs the integrity of BBB via the activation of AhR signaling and thus aggravates AD pathology. KEY MESSAGES: Dysbiosis of gut microbiota is associated with dementia and Alzheimer's disease. Tryptophan metabolites are major messengers from the gut host-microbiota to brain. Tryptophan metabolites activate aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling in brain. The expression of AhR protein is enriched in brain microvessels and blood-brain barrier. Tryptophan metabolites disturb brain vascular integrity via AhR signaling. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota promotes inflammation and AD pathology via AhR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, Kuopio, 70211, Finland.
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17
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Roy T, Banang-Mbeumi S, Boateng ST, Ruiz EM, Chamcheu RCN, Kang L, King JA, Walker AL, Nagalo BM, Kousoulas KG, Esnault S, Huang S, Chamcheu JC. Dual targeting of mTOR/IL-17A and autophagy by fisetin alleviates psoriasis-like skin inflammation. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1075804. [PMID: 36741386 PMCID: PMC9889994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1075804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory skin disorder characterized by epidermal hyperplasia and aberrant immune response. In addition to aberrant cytokine production, psoriasis is associated with activation of the Akt/mTOR pathway. mTOR/S6K1 regulates T-lymphocyte activation and migration, keratinocytes proliferation and is upregulated in psoriatic lesions. Several drugs that target Th1/Th17 cytokines or their receptors have been approved for treating psoriasis in humans with variable results necessitating improved therapies. Fisetin, a natural dietary polyphenol with anti-oxidant and anti-proliferative properties, covalently binds mTOR/S6K1. The effects of fisetin on psoriasis and its underlying mechanisms have not been clearly defined. Here, we evaluated the immunomodulatory effects of fisetin on Th1/Th17-cytokine-activated adult human epidermal keratinocytes (HEKa) and anti-CD3/CD28-stimulated inflammatory CD4+ T cells and compared these activities with those of rapamycin (an mTOR inhibitor). Transcriptomic analysis of HEKa revealed 12,713 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the fisetin-treated group compared to 7,374 DEGs in the rapamycin-treated group, both individually compared to a cytokine treated group. Gene ontology analysis revealed enriched functional groups related to PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways, psoriasis, and epidermal development. Using in silico molecular modeling, we observed a high binding affinity of fisetin to IL-17A. In vitro, fisetin significantly inhibited mTOR activity, increased the expression of autophagy markers LC3A/B and Atg5 in HEKa cells and suppressed the secretion of IL-17A by activated CD4+ T lymphocytes or T lymphocytes co-cultured with HEKa. Topical administration of fisetin in an imiquimod (IMQ)-induced mouse psoriasis model exhibited a better effect than rapamycin in reducing psoriasis-like inflammation and Akt/mTOR phosphorylation and promoting keratinocyte differentiation and autophagy in mice skin lesions. Fisetin also significantly inhibited T-lymphocytes and F4/80+ macrophage infiltration into skin. We conclude that fisetin potently inhibits IL-17A and the Akt/mTOR pathway and promotes keratinocyte differentiation and autophagy to alleviate IMQ-induced psoriasis-like disease in mice. Altogether, our findings suggest fisetin as a potential treatment for psoriasis and possibly other inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tithi Roy
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Sergette Banang-Mbeumi
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
- School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Louisiana Delta Community College, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Samuel T. Boateng
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Emmanuelle M. Ruiz
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Roxane-Cherille N. Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Lin Kang
- Biomedical Research, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine, Monroe, LA, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Judy A. King
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Anthony L. Walker
- School of Clinical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
| | - Bolni Marius Nagalo
- Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS), Little Rock, AR, United States
- The Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute, UAMS, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Konstantin G. Kousoulas
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
| | - Stephane Esnault
- Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Shile Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
| | - Jean Christopher Chamcheu
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, Monroe, LA, United States
- Department of Pathology and Translational Pathobiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
- Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, United States
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18
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Tectorigenin inhibits inflammation in keratinocytes by inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome regulated by the TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2023; 51:82-89. [PMID: 36916091 DOI: 10.15586/aei.v51i2.780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a prevalent inflammatory skin disease characterized by excessive proliferation and abnormal differentiation of keratinocytes, and infiltration of inflammatory cells into the epidermis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Tectorigenin is an active ingredient in traditional medicines and has anti-inflammatory activity. This research explored the effects of tectorigenin on the anti-inflammatory property, autophagy, and the underlying mechanisms in M5 ([IL-22, IL-17A, oncostatin M, IL-1α, and TNF-α])-stimulated HaCaT cells. METHODS The in vitro model of mixed M5 cytokines-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes was established to investigate the phenotypic features in psoriasis. Cell viability was assessed by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, cell proliferative rate by EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine) assay, and autophagy was detected by immunofluorescence staining. After M5 exposure, the proliferative rate, protein expression of autophagy, and signaling activities of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome and toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) were measured. The latter were quantitated using quantitative PCR and western blot, respectively. The inflammatory response was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Tectorigenin exerted a protective effect in ameliorating the hyperproliferation and inflammation of HaCaT keratinocytes induced by M5 cytokines. Furthermore, tectorigenin on keratinocytes seemed to inactivate NLRP3 inflammasome and inhibit cell proliferation and inflammation response via suppression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION This study proves that tectorigenin may be a potential therapeutic candidate for psoriasis treatment in future.
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Lan J, Huang Q, Yang L, Li Y, Yang J, Jiang B, Zhao L, Xia Y, Yu X, Tao J. Effects of ambient air pollution on outpatient visits for psoriasis in Wuhan, China: a time-series analysis. Br J Dermatol 2022; 188:491-498. [PMID: 36641781 DOI: 10.1093/bjd/ljac124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis can be provoked by both external and internal factors. The effects of environmental factors on psoriasis remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of air pollution on outpatient visits for psoriasis. METHODS A distributed lag nonlinear model following quasi-Poisson regression was used to evaluate the lag effects of air pollutants on psoriasis outpatient visits, adjusting for potential confounders. Stratified analyses were performed to identify potential effect modifications by sex, age and season. RESULTS In total, 13 536 outpatient visits for psoriasis were recorded in Wuhan, China from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2019. In the single-pollutant model, exposures to particulate matter (PM) smaller than 2.5 μm (PM2.5), PM smaller than 10 μm (PM10), NO2 and SO2 were found to be significantly associated with increased daily psoriasis outpatient visits. For the largest effects, a 10-μg m-3 increase in concentrations of PM2.5 (lag1), PM10 (lag1), NO2 (lag0) and SO2 (lag3) corresponded to 0.32% [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.01-0.63], 0.26% (95% CI 0.05-0.48), 0.98% (95% CI 0.01-1.96) and 2.73% (95% CI 1.01-4.47) increases in psoriasis outpatient visits, respectively. In the two-pollutant model, only NO2 showed significant and stable effects on the outpatient visits for psoriasis. CONCLUSIONS Ambient air pollution, especially NO2, appears to be significantly associated with an increased risk of outpatient visits for psoriasis in Wuhan, China. Air pollution control and exposure prevention could be effective measures to relieve the symptoms of psoriasis among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Lan
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Qiuyi Huang
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Biling Jiang
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Yuting Xia
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Xinyu Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Juan Tao
- Department of Dermatology and.,Hubei Engineering Research Center of Skin Disease Theranostics and Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
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20
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Salminen A. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) reveals evidence of antagonistic pleiotropy in the regulation of the aging process. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:489. [PMID: 35987825 PMCID: PMC9392714 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The antagonistic pleiotropy hypothesis is a well-known evolutionary theory to explain the aging process. It proposes that while a particular gene may possess beneficial effects during development, it can exert deleterious properties in the aging process. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) has a significant role during embryogenesis, but later in life, it promotes several age-related degenerative processes. For instance, AhR factor (i) controls the pluripotency of stem cells and the stemness of cancer stem cells, (ii) it enhances the differentiation of embryonal stem cells, especially AhR signaling modulates the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells, (iii) it also stimulates the differentiation of immunosuppressive Tregs, Bregs, and M2 macrophages, and finally, (iv) AhR signaling participates in the differentiation of many peripheral tissues. On the other hand, AhR signaling is involved in many processes promoting cellular senescence and pathological processes, e.g., osteoporosis, vascular dysfunction, and the age-related remodeling of the immune system. Moreover, it inhibits autophagy and aggravates extracellular matrix degeneration. AhR signaling also stimulates oxidative stress, promotes excessive sphingolipid synthesis, and disturbs energy metabolism by catabolizing NAD+ degradation. The antagonistic pleiotropy of AhR signaling is based on the complex and diverse connections with major signaling pathways in a context-dependent manner. The major regulatory steps include, (i) a specific ligand-dependent activation, (ii) modulation of both genetic and non-genetic responses, (iii) a competition and crosstalk with several transcription factors, such as ARNT, HIF-1α, E2F1, and NF-κB, and (iv) the epigenetic regulation of target genes with binding partners. Thus, not only mTOR signaling but also the AhR factor demonstrates antagonistic pleiotropy in the regulation of the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.
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21
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Salminen A. Mutual antagonism between aryl hydrocarbon receptor and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (AhR/HIF-1α) signaling: Impact on the aging process. Cell Signal 2022; 99:110445. [PMID: 35988806 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The ambient oxygen level, many environmental toxins, and the rays of ultraviolet light (UV) provide a significant risk for the maintenance of organismal homeostasis. The aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhR) represent a complex sensor system not only for environmental toxins and UV radiation but also for many endogenous ligands, e.g., L-tryptophan metabolites. The AhR signaling system is evolutionarily conserved and AhR homologs existed as many as 600 million years ago. The ancient atmosphere demanded the evolution of an oxygen-sensing system, i.e., hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIF) and their prolyl hydroxylase regulators (PHD). Given that both signaling systems have important roles in embryogenesis, it seems that they have been involved in the evolution of multicellular organisms. The evolutionary origin of the aging process is unknown although it is most likely associated with the evolution of multicellularity. Intriguingly, there is compelling evidence that while HIF-1α signaling extends the lifespan, that of AhR promotes many age-related degenerative processes, e.g., it increases oxidative stress, inhibits autophagy, promotes cellular senescence, and aggravates extracellular matrix degeneration. In contrast, HIF-1α signaling stimulates autophagy, inhibits cellular senescence, and enhances cell proliferation. Interestingly, there is a clear antagonism between the AhR and HIF-1α signaling pathways. For instance, (i) AhR and HIF-1α factors heterodimerize with the same factor, ARNT/HIF-1β, leading to their competition for DNA-binding, (ii) AhR and HIF-1α signaling exert antagonistic effects on autophagy, and (iii) co-chaperone p23 exhibits specific functions in the signaling of AhR and HIF-1α factors. One might speculate that it is the competition between the AhR and HIF-1α signaling pathways that is a driving force in the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antero Salminen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
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22
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Kim HR, Kim HO, Kim JC, Park CW, Chung BY. Effects of Autophagy Modulators and Dioxin on the Expression of Epidermal Differentiation Proteins on Psoriasis-Like Keratinocytes in vitro and ex vivo. CLINICAL, COSMETIC AND INVESTIGATIONAL DERMATOLOGY 2022; 15:1149-1156. [PMID: 35769934 PMCID: PMC9236549 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s368105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder associated with impairment of epidermal differentiation. Many signaling pathways, including those involved in aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and autophagy dysfunction, are reportedly associated with the pathogenesis of psoriasis. However, the discrete effects of dioxin via AHR activation or autophagy on the epidermal barrier remain unclear. In the current study, we evaluated the effects of autophagy modulators (chloroquine [CQ] and rapamycin) and the AHR agonist TCDD on the expression of epidermal barrier proteins in psoriasis-like keratinocytes and psoriasis lesional skin tissue culture. Methods Polycytokine-stimulated human keratinocytes and psoriasis skin biopsies were treated with TCDD, CQ, or rapamycin, and the expression of keratinocyte differentiation-related factors, such as S100A7, S100A8, HRNR, IVL, FLG, and KRT10, was examined by Western blotting or quantitative-polymerase chain reaction. Results TCDD upregulated S100A7 and S100A8 expression in polycytokine-stimulated HaCaT cells compared to that in unstimulated cells. CQ decreased HRNR, IVL, and KRT10 mRNA levels, while rapamycin increased HRNR, IVL, and KRT10 mRNA levels in HaCaT cells relative to that in unstimulated cells. Co-treatment with CQ reversed TCDD-induced elevation in FLG, HRNR, and IVL mRNA expression. In psoriasis skin tissue, TCDD induced the upregulation of HRNR, IVL, S100A7, and S100A8 compared with that in normal skin. In ex vivo cultures treated with CQ, IVL expression in psoriasis skin tissue was repressed compared to that in normal skin tissue. Conclusion Our data suggest that autophagy modulation or AHR activation affects processes involved in epidermal differentiation and relates to the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory skin diseases with skin barrier abnormalities such as psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Ran Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Cheol Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, 07441, Republic of Korea
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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Resveratrol Derivatives via the Downregulation of Oxidative-Stress-Dependent and c-Src Transactivation EGFR Pathways on Rat Mesangial Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050835. [PMID: 35624699 PMCID: PMC9138040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
In Taiwan, the root extract of Vitis thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. (Vitaceae, VT) is rich in stilbenes, with resveratrol (Res) and its derivatives being the most abundant. Previously, we showed that the effect of Res derivatives against tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-stimulated inflammatory responses occurs via cPLA2/COX-2/PGE2 inhibition. This study compared and explored the underlying anti-inflammatory pharmacological mechanisms. Before stimulation with TNF-α, RMCs were treated with/without pharmacological inhibitors of specific protein kinases. The expression of inflammatory mediators was determined by Western blotting, gelatin zymography, real-time PCR, and luciferase assay. Cellular and mitochondrial ROS were measured by H2DHFDA or DHE and MitoSOX™ Red staining, respectively. The RNS level was indirectly measured by Griess reagent assay. Kinase activation and association were assayed by immunoprecipitation followed by Western blotting. TNF-α binding to TNFR recruited Rac1 and p47phox, thus activating the NAPDH oxidase-dependent MAPK and NF-κB pathways. The TNF-α-induced NF-κB activation via c-Src-driven ROS was independent from the EGFR signaling pathway. The anti-inflammatory effects of Res derivatives occurred via the inhibition of ROS derived from mitochondria and NADPH oxidase; RNS derived from iNOS; and the activation of the ERK1/2, JNK1/2, and NF-κB pathways. Overall, this study provides an understanding of the various activities of Res derivatives and their pharmacological mechanisms. In the future, the application of the active molecules of VT to health foods and medicine in Taiwan may increase.
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24
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Salminen A. Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) and kynurenine pathway in the regulation of the aging process. Ageing Res Rev 2022; 75:101573. [PMID: 35085834 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is activated in chronic inflammatory states, e.g., in the aging process and age-related diseases. IDO1 enzyme catabolizes L-tryptophan (L-Trp) into kynurenine (KYN) thus stimulating the KYN pathway. The depletion of L-Trp inhibits the proliferation of immune cells in inflamed tissues and it also reduces serotonin synthesis predisposing to psychiatric disorders. Interestingly, IDO1 protein contains two immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifs (ITIM) which trigger suppressive signaling through the binding of PI3K p110 and SHP-1 proteins. This immunosuppressive activity is not dependent on the catalytic activity of IDO1. KYN and its metabolite, kynurenic acid (KYNA), are potent activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) which can enhance immunosuppression. IDO1-KYN-AhR signaling counteracts excessive pro-inflammatory responses in acute inflammation but in chronic inflammatory states it has many harmful effects. A chronic low-grade inflammation is associated with the aging process, a state called inflammaging. There is substantial evidence that the activation of the IDO1-KYN-AhR pathway robustly increases with the aging process. The activation of IDO1-KYN-AhR signaling does not only suppress the functions of effector immune cells, probably promoting immunosenescence, but it also impairs autophagy, induces cellular senescence, and remodels the extracellular matrix as well as enhancing the development of osteoporosis and vascular diseases. I will review the function of IDO1-KYN-AhR signaling and discuss its activation with aging as an enhancer of the aging process.
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Song J, Jiang J, Kuai L, Luo Y, Xing M, Luo Y, Ru Y, Sun X, Zhang H, Liu T, Li X, Li B. TMT-based proteomics analysis reveals the protective effect of Jueyin granules on imiquimod-induced psoriasis mouse model by causing autophagy. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:153846. [PMID: 34785109 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease that may markedly influence the patients' physical health and mental condition. According to animal models and clinical researches, it has been proved that Jueyin granules (JYG), a Chinese formula comprised of seven kinds of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), is a therapeutic agent for treating psoriasis, while the specific mechanisms of the anti-inflammation effects of JYG have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To uncover the underlying mechanisms of the action of JYG on psoriasis by proteomics clues. MATERIALS AND METHODS Differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were explored by tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis after JYG treatment (administered intragastrically for 12 days). Bioinformatics analysis of DEPs was conducted through hierarchical clustering, volcano plot, gene ontology (GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis. Major DEPs were further identified by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). RESULTS Ninety-five DEPs were identified, including 57 up-regulated and 38 down-regulated proteins, between imiquimod (IMQ) and IMQ+JYG groups. GO analysis indicated that DEPs were mainly associated with keratin filament, intermediate filament, extracellular exosome, extracellular space, innate immune response, keratinization, and keratinocyte differentiation. The KEGG pathway analysis manifested that estrogen signaling pathway, cholesterol metabolism, fat digestion, absorption, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR), and interleukin (IL)-17 signaling pathway might be the paramount pathways, through which JYG functioned on psoriasis. Furthermore, we determined that JYG could regulate macrophage and CD4+ T cell phenotypes by inducing autophagy. CONCLUSIONS JYG may induce autophagy by up-regulating ApoA1 and inhibit the infiltration of CD4+ T cells and macrophages, thereby alleviating IMQ-induced psoriatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiankun Song
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Jingsi Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Le Kuai
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yue Luo
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China
| | - Meng Xing
- Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi`an, 710003, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Yi Ru
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Xiaoying Sun
- Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Huiping Zhang
- Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Taiyi Liu
- Shanghai Applied Protein Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Institute of Dermatology, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200443, China; Department of Dermatology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China; Department of Dermatology, Shaanxi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi`an, 710003, China.
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26
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Samaka RM, Marae A, Faried M, Bazid HAS. Light chain 3 immunoexpression in psoriasis. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2022; 43:365-383. [PMID: 34996338 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2021.2018708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy dysregulation is involved in many diseases. The implication of autophagy in psoriasis pathogenesis is still uncertain. To investigate the role of Light Chain 3 (LC3), a good marker for autophagy, in psoriatic skin based on immunohistochemical study and correlate its expression - for the first time to the best of our knowledge - to clinicopathological data Prospective case-control study was conducted on 60 subjects (30 control, 30 psoriasis patients). Skin biopsies from control, lesional, and perilesional skin were processed for routine histopathological examination and LC3 immunoreaction assessment. There was a significant upregulation of the epidermal and dermal LC3 immunoreaction in the lesional skin compared with the control and perilesional skin specimens (P < .001). A significant positive correlation between the epidermal and dermal LC3 H scores in the lesional and perilesional skin was recorded. There was a non-significant relationship between the H score in the lesional skin and disease severity. LC3 could be considered in psoriasis pathogenesis; however, LC3 was not related to the severity of the disease. The findings might offer a novel target therapy for psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab M Samaka
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebin Elkom, Egypt
| | - Alaa Marae
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Menoufia University, Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Manar Faried
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Menoufia University, Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Heba A S Bazid
- Dermatology and Andrology Department, Menoufia University, Faculty of Medicine, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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27
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Liu C, Gu L, Ding J, Meng Q, Li N, Dai G, Li Q, Wu X. Autophagy in skin barrier and immune-related skin diseases. J Dermatol 2021; 48:1827-1837. [PMID: 34655245 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.16185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a process which is highly conserved in eukaryotes to degrade or recycle cytoplasmic components through lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis. Recent studies have shown that autophagy also plays critical roles in cell apoptosis, inflammation, pathogen clearance, and so on under stressed conditions and thereby has been linked to a variety of human disorders. The skin is the largest organ of the body and serves as the first line of defense against environmental insult. Skin as a nutrient-poor environment requires recycling of limited resources via the autophagy machinery to maintain homeostasis. Therefore, dysregulation of autophagy has been linked to skin diseases. In this review, we describe the molecular machinery and regulation of autophagy, discuss its role in keratinocytes and skin barrier, skin immune cells, and immune-related skin diseases including autoimmune skin disorders, allergic skin diseases, infectious skin disorders, and antitumor immunity against skin tumor. Finally, we highlight the potential of autophagy as a therapeutic target for immune-related skin diseases, and delivery of autophagy-related molecules (such as inducers, inhibitors, or nucleic acid molecules) by virtue of physical materials (such as nanoparticles) or biological materials (such as peptides) to skin topically may obtain clinical benefits in immune-related skin diseases. Moreover, developing autophagy-related gene product-based biomarkers may be promising to diagnose immune-related skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Liu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Gu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shanghai Shende Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Ding
- Department of Gerontology, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianchao Meng
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guifeng Dai
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinying Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Jing'an District Center Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xueyong Wu
- Department of Geriatrics Center & National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Jing'an District Centre Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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28
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Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand activated transcription factor that is a member of the PER-ARNT-SIM superfamily of environmental sensors. This receptor has been a molecule of interest for many years in the field of toxicology, as it was originally discovered to mediate the toxic effects of certain environmental pollutants like benzo(a)pyrene and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin. While all animals express this protein, there is naturally occurring variability in receptor size and responsiveness to ligand. This naturally occurring variation, particularly in mice, has been an essential tool in the discovery and early characterization of the AHR. Genetic models including congenic mice and induced mutations at the Ahr locus have proven invaluable in further understanding the role of the AHR in adaptive metabolism and TCDD-induced toxicity. The creation and examination of Ahr null mice revealed an important physiological role for the AHR in vascular and hepatic development and mediation of the immune system. In this review, we attempt to provide an overview to many of the AHR models that have aided in the understanding of AHR biology thus far. We describe the naturally occurring polymorphisms, congenic models, induced mutations at the Ahr locus and at the binding partner Ah Receptor Nuclear Translocator and chaperone, Ah receptor associated 9 loci in mice, with a brief description of naturally occurring and induced mutations in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel H Wilson
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christopher A Bradfield
- Molecular and Environmental Toxicology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.,Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
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29
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Tetrahydrocurcumin Ameliorates Skin Inflammation by Modulating Autophagy in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6621027. [PMID: 34222477 PMCID: PMC8219437 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6621027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity can induce chronic low-grade inflammation via oxidative stress. Tetrahydrocurcumin (THC) is a major curcumin metabolite with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, but little is known about its effects on the skin of obese individuals. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of THC on inflammatory cytokine production, oxidative stress, and autophagy in the skin of mice with high-fat diet- (HFD-) induced obesity. Eight-week-old C57BL/6J mice were fed a regular diet, HFD (60% of total calories from fat), or HFD supplemented with THC (100 mg/kg/day orally) for 12 weeks. We measured their body weights during the experimental period. After 12-week treatments, we performed western blotting and real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses on skin samples to evaluate the expression of inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, and autophagy markers. We observed higher tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), NADPH oxidase 2 (Nox2), Nox4, and phosphorylated p65 levels; lower nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression; and higher light chain 3 (LC3), autophagy-related 5 (Atg5), and Beclin 1 expression in the skin of HFD mice compared to the corresponding levels in the skin of mice fed with regular diet. THC administration decreased TNF-α, Nox2, Nox4, and phosphorylated p65 levels and activated the Nrf2 pathway. Interestingly, THC administration suppressed the expression of the autophagy markers LC3, Atg5, and Beclin 1. Overall, HFD-fed mice exhibited an elevation in inflammation, oxidative stress, and autophagy in their skin. THC ameliorated obesity-related skin pathology, and therefore, it is a potential therapeutic agent for obesity-related inflammatory skin diseases.
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30
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Zhang Q, Shi H, Zhang J, Jiang C, Zhou C. The paeonol target gene autophagy-related 5 has a potential therapeutic value in psoriasis treatment. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11278. [PMID: 34113484 PMCID: PMC8162242 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Paeonol is a potent therapy for psoriasis. This study aimed to screen out paeonol-targeted genes in psoriasis and validate the potential of using paeonol for the management of psoriasis. Methods Microarray datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lesional skin samples and the overlapping genes between DEGs and paeonol- and psoriasis-related genes were defined as potential targets for psoriasis. After being treated with si-ATG5 and pc-ATG5, human HaCaT cells were treated with 100 ng/ml IL-22 and 10 ng/ml TNF-α with and without paeonol. Cell proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, Beclin 1, ATG5, and p62 in HaCaT cells were determined using ESLIA, PCR, and Western blot analysis. Results A total of 779 DEGs were identified in the lesional skin samples compared with the non-lesional tissues. The autophagy-related 5 (ATG5) gene was the only gene that overlapped between the DEGs and genes related to paeonol and psoriasis. Cell proliferation, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1β), and ATG5 expression were increased in IL-22/TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT (model) cells compared with control. Paeonol treatment rescued all changes. si-ATG5 transfection increased inflammation and apoptosis in model cells compared with controls. pc-ATG5 prevented IL-22/TNF-α-induced changes in HaCaT cells. Also, si-ATG5 decreased p62 and Beclin 1 proteins, while pc-ATG5 increased them both. Conclusions ATG5-dependent autophagy plays a crucial role in psoriasis. The ATG5 gene might be a therapeutic target for the management of in vitro psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hongqiao Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiaan Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs,Chinese Academy of Medical Science&Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxue Jiang
- School of Foreign Languages, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chunxiang Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
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31
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Rapamycin Alleviates 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-Induced Aggravated Dermatitis in Mice with Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Dermatitis by Inducing Autophagy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083968. [PMID: 33921372 PMCID: PMC8069848 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the mTOR signaling has emerged as an important player in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. We previously found that 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-induced psoriatic skin inflammation was related to the inhibition of autophagy in keratinocytes. However, the effects and detailed molecular mechanisms of the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and TCDD on psoriasis in vivo remain to be elucidated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effects of rapamycin and TCDD on skin lesions in imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis using a mouse model. TCDD aggravated skin inflammation in an IMQ-induced psoriatic mouse model. Furthermore, TCDD increased the expression of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR), CYP1A1, proinflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers (NADPH oxidase (Nox) 2, Nox4), and phosphorylated P65NF-ĸB, whereas the expression of autophagy-related factors and the antioxidant marker nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2) decreased. Rapamycin reduced the aggravated skin inflammation induced by TCDD and restored TCDD-induced autophagy suppression and the increase of AHR expression, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response in the skin lesions of a psoriatic mouse model. In conclusion, we demonstrated that rapamycin alleviates TCDD-induced aggravated dermatitis in mice with imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis through AHR and autophagy modulation.
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Kim JE, Kim HR, Kang SY, Jung MJ, Heo NH, Lee HJ, Ryu A, Kim HO, Park CW, Chung BY. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor and Autophagy-Related Protein Microtubule-Associated Protein Light Chain 3 Expression in Psoriasis. Ann Dermatol 2021; 33:138-146. [PMID: 33935455 PMCID: PMC8082009 DOI: 10.5021/ad.2021.33.2.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and autophagy are both important to maintain skin homeostasis. However, they are also involved in skin disorders. So far, their roles in psoriasis pathogenesis are unknown. Objective We studied the immunohistochemical and gene expression of AHR, CYP1A1, and microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3) in lesional skin of psoriasis patients to determine correlations among them. Methods We included 24 psoriasis patients and ten healthy volunteers. Skin biopsies were collected. AHR, CYP1A1, and LC3 protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, and western blotting. AHR, CYP1A1, LC3, ATG5, BECN1 and Nrf2 mRNA levels were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results AHR and CYP1A1 protein expression were higher in psoriasis lesional skin than in normal skin. LC3 protein expression was lower in psoriasis lesions than in normal controls. AHR and CYP1A1 protein expression in psoriasis lesions showed significant positive correlations with mean epidermal thickness and inflammatory cell density. Significant negative correlations were noted between LC3 protein expression in psoriasis lesions and the mean epidermal thickness or inflammatory cell density. A significant negative correlation was found between AHR and LC3 expression in psoriatic skin. AHR, CYP1A1 and Nrf2 mRNA expression were upregulated while LC3, ATG5, and BECN1 mRNA were down-regulated, in psoriatic lesional skin compared with normal controls. Conclusion AHR and autophagy could play a role in psoriasis pathogenesis by modifying epidermal hyperproliferation and inflammation. AHR and autophagy regulation are potential therapeutic targets in chronic inflammatory skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Eun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye Ran Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seok Young Kang
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Je Jung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Hun Heo
- Soonchunhyang University Hospital Cheonan, Clinical Trial Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyun Ju Lee
- Department of Pathology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Aeli Ryu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hye One Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Wook Park
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bo Young Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Seoul, Korea
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Miao X, Tong X, Hu J, Wang J. Diagnostic value of microRNA-106a-5p in patients with psoriasis and its regulatory role in inflammatory responses. DERMATOL SIN 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/ds.ds_5_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Reduced Proteasome Activity and Enhanced Autophagy in Blood Cells of Psoriatic Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207608. [PMID: 33066703 PMCID: PMC7589048 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a skin disease that is accompanied by oxidative stress resulting in modification of cell components, including proteins. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between the intensity of oxidative stress and the expression and activity of the proteasomal system as well as autophagy, responsible for the degradation of oxidatively modified proteins in the blood cells of patients with psoriasis. Our results showed that the caspase-like, trypsin-like, and chymotrypsin-like activity of the 20S proteasome in lymphocytes, erythrocytes, and granulocytes was lower, while the expression of constitutive proteasome and immunoproteasome subunits in lymphocytes was increased cells of psoriatic patients compared to healthy subjects. Conversely, the expression of constitutive subunits in erythrocytes, and both constitutive and immunoproteasomal subunits in granulocytes were reduced. However, a significant increase in the autophagy flux (assessed using LC3BII/LC3BI ratio) independent of the AKT pathway was observed. The levels of 4-HNE, 4-HNE-protein adducts, and proteins carbonyl groups were significantly higher in the blood cells of psoriatic patients. The decreased activity of the 20S proteasome together with the increased autophagy and the significantly increased level of proteins carbonyl groups and 4-HNE-protein adducts indicate a proteostatic imbalance in the blood cells of patients with psoriasis.
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