1
|
Ansari HR, Kordrostami Z, Mirzaei A, Kraft M. Deep-Learning-Based Blood Glucose Detection Device Using Acetone Exhaled Breath Sensing Features of α-Fe 2O 3-MWCNT Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:47973-47987. [PMID: 39225263 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c06855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Owing to the correlation between acetone in human's exhaled breath (EB) and blood glucose, the development of EB acetone gas-sensing devices is important for early diagnosis of diabetes diseases. In this article, a noninvasive blood glucose detection device through acetone sensing in EB, based on an α-Fe2O3-multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) nanocomposite, was successfully developed. Different amounts of α-Fe2O3 were added to the MWCNTs by a simple solution method. The optimized acetone gas sensor showed a response of 5.15 to 10 ppm acetone gas at 200 °C. Also, the fabricated sensor showed very good sensing properties even in an atmosphere with high relative humidity. Since the EB has high humidity, the proposed sensor is a promising device to exactly detect the amount of acetone in EB with high humidity. The sensor was powered by a 3200 mAh battery with the possibility of charging using mains electricity. To increase the reliability and calibration of the sensing device, a practical test was taken to detect acetone EB from 50 volunteers, and a deep learning algorithm (DLA) was used to detect the effect of various factors on the amount of acetone in each person's acetone EB. The proposed device with ±15 errors had almost 85% correct responses. Also, the proposed device had excellent response, short response time, good selectivity, and good repeatability, leading it to be a suitable candidate for noninvasive blood glucose sensing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Ansari
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
- Research Center for Design and Fabrication of Advanced Electronic Devices, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
- Department of Electrical Engineering-MNS, University of Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| | - Zoheir Kordrostami
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
- Research Center for Design and Fabrication of Advanced Electronic Devices, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
| | - Ali Mirzaei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shiraz University of Technology, Shiraz 71555-313, Iran
| | - Michael Kraft
- Department of Electrical Engineering-MNS, University of Leuven, Leuven 3001, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gohel VR, Chetyrkina M, Gaev A, Simonenko NP, Simonenko TL, Gorobtsov PY, Fisenko NA, Dudorova DA, Zaytsev V, Lantsberg A, Simonenko EP, Nasibulin AG, Fedorov FS. Multioxide combinatorial libraries: fusing synthetic approaches and additive technologies for highly orthogonal electronic noses. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3810-3825. [PMID: 39016307 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00252k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates the performance advancement of electronic noses, on-chip engineered multisensor systems, exploiting a combinatorial approach. We analyze a spectrum of metal oxide semiconductor materials produced by individual methods of liquid-phase synthesis and a combination of chemical deposition and sol-gel methods with hydrothermal treatment. These methods are demonstrated to enable obtaining a fairly wide range of nanomaterials that differ significantly in chemical composition, crystal structure, and morphological features. While synthesis routes foster diversity in material properties, microplotter printing ensures targeted precision in making on-chip arrays for evaluation of a combinatorial selectivity concept in the task of organic vapor, like alcohol homologs, acetone, and benzene, classification. The synthesized nanomaterials demonstrate a high chemiresistive response, with a limit of detection beyond ppm level. A specific combination of materials is demonstrated to be relevant when the number of sensors is low; however, such importance diminishes with an increase in the number of sensors. We show that on-chip material combinations could favor selectivity to a specific analyte, disregarding the others. Hence, modern synthesis methods and printing protocols supported by combinatorial analysis might pave the way for fabricating on-chip orthogonal multisensor systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishalkumar Rajeshbhai Gohel
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| | - Margarita Chetyrkina
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey Gaev
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 5/1 Baumanskaya 2-ya Str, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation
| | - Nikolay P Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Tatiana L Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Philipp Yu Gorobtsov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Nikita A Fisenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Darya A Dudorova
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Valeriy Zaytsev
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna Lantsberg
- Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 5/1 Baumanskaya 2-ya Str, Moscow, 105005, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta P Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Albert G Nasibulin
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| | - Fedor S Fedorov
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str, Moscow, 121205, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Korotcenkov G. II-VI Semiconductor-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors: Is There a Future for These Sensors? SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3861. [PMID: 38931646 PMCID: PMC11207366 DOI: 10.3390/s24123861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
A review of the state of research in the development of conductometric gas sensors based on II-VI semiconductors is given. It was shown that II-VI compounds indeed have properties that are necessary for the development of highly efficient gas sensors. In this case, to achieve the required parameters, all approaches developed for metal oxides can be used. At the same time, during a detailed review, it was concluded that sensors based on II-VI compounds have no prospects for appearing on the gas sensor market. The main obstacle is the instability of the surface state, which leads to poor reproducibility of parameters and drift of sensor characteristics during operation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, Str. Mateevici 60, MD-2009 Chisinau, Moldova
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Khan J, Kim ND, Bromhead C, Truman P, Kruger MC, Mallard BL. Hepatotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. J Appl Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 38740968 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The food additive E171 (titanium dioxide, TiO2), is widely used in foods, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It is a fine white powder, with at least one third of its particles sized in the nanoparticulate (˂100 nm range, TiO2 NPs). The use of E171 is controversial as its relevant risk assessment has never been satisfactorily accomplished. In vitro and in vivo studies have shown dose-dependent toxicity in various organs including the liver. TiO2 NPs have been shown to induce inflammation, cell death and structural and functional changes within the liver. The toxicity of TiO2 NPs in experimental models varies between organs and according to their physiochemical characteristics and parameters such as dosage and route of administration. Among these factors, ingestion is the most significant exposure route, and the liver is a key target organ. The aim of this review is to highlight the reported adverse effects of orally administered TiO2 NPs on the liver and to discuss the controversial state of its toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jangrez Khan
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas D Kim
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Collette Bromhead
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Penelope Truman
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Marlena C Kruger
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| | - Beth L Mallard
- School of Health Sciences, Massey University, PO Box 756, Wellington, 6021, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rajput SK, Mothika VS. Powders to Thin Films: Advances in Conjugated Microporous Polymer Chemical Sensors. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300730. [PMID: 38407503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Chemical sensing of harmful species released either from natural or anthropogenic activities is critical to ensuring human safety and health. Over the last decade, conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) have been proven to be potential sensor materials with the possibility of realizing sensing devices for practical applications. CMPs found to be unique among other porous materials such as metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) due to their high chemical/thermal stability, high surface area, microporosity, efficient host-guest interactions with the analyte, efficient exciton migration along the π-conjugated chains, and tailorable structure to target specific analytes. Several CMP-based optical, electrochemical, colorimetric, and ratiometric sensors with excellent selectivity and sensing performance were reported. This review comprehensively discusses the advances in CMP chemical sensors (powders and thin films) in the detection of nitroaromatic explosives, chemical warfare agents, anions, metal ions, biomolecules, iodine, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), with simultaneous delineation of design strategy principles guiding the selectivity and sensitivity of CMP. Preceding this, various photophysical mechanisms responsible for chemical sensing are discussed in detail for convenience. Finally, future challenges to be addressed in the field of CMP chemical sensors are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kumar Rajput
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Venkata Suresh Mothika
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Goren AY, Gungormus E, Vatanpour V, Yoon Y, Khataee A. Recent Progress on Synthesis and Properties of Black Phosphorus and Phosphorene As New-Age Nanomaterials for Water Decontamination. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38604807 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c19230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Concerted efforts have been made in recent years to find solutions to water and wastewater treatment challenges and eliminate the difficulties associated with treatment methods. Various techniques are used to ensure the recycling and reuse of water resources. Owing to their excellent chemical, physical, and biological properties, nanomaterials play an important role when integrated into water/wastewater treatment technologies. Black phosphorus (BP) is a potential nanomaterial candidate for water and wastewater treatment, especially its monolayer 2D derivative called phosphorene. Phosphorene offers relative adjustability in its direct bandgap, high charge carrier mobility, and improved in-plane anisotropy compared to the most extensively studied 2D nanomaterials. In this study, we examined the physical and chemical characteristics and synthetic processes of BP and phosphorene. We provide an overview of the latest advancements in the main applications of BP and phosphorene in water/wastewater treatment, which are categorized as photocatalytic, adsorption, and membrane filtration processes. Additionally, we explore the existing difficulties in the integration of BP and phosphorene into water/wastewater treatment technologies and prospects for future research in this field. In summary, this review highlights the ongoing necessity for significant research efforts on the integration of BP and phosphorene in water and wastewater applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Yagmur Goren
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Gungormus
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Urla 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Vahid Vatanpour
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Kharazmi University, Tehran 15719-14911, Iran
- Environmental Engineering Department & National Research Center on Membrane Technologies (MEM-TEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
| | - Yeojoon Yoon
- Department of Environmental and Energy Engineering, Yonsei University, Wonju 26493, Republic of Korea
| | - Alireza Khataee
- Department of Chemical Engineering & ITU Synthetic Fuels and Chemicals Technology Center (ITU-SENTEK), Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul 34469, Turkey
- Research Laboratory of Advanced Water and Wastewater Treatment Processes, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 51666-16471, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Medrano-Lopez JA, Villalpando I, Salazar MI, Torres-Torres C. Hierarchical Nanobiosensors at the End of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:108. [PMID: 38392027 PMCID: PMC10887370 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanostructures have played a key role in the development of different techniques to attack severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Some applications include masks, vaccines, and biosensors. The latter are of great interest for detecting diseases since some of their features allowed us to find specific markers in secretion samples such as saliva, blood, and even tears. Herein, we highlight how hierarchical nanoparticles integrated into two or more low-dimensional materials present outstanding advantages that are attractive for photonic biosensing using their nanoscale functions. The potential of nanohybrids with their superlative mechanical characteristics together with their optical and optoelectronic properties is discussed. The progress in the scientific research focused on using nanoparticles for biosensing a variety of viruses has become a medical milestone in recent years, and has laid the groundwork for future disease treatments. This perspective analyzes the crucial information about the use of hierarchical nanostructures in biosensing for the prevention, treatment, and mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jael Abigail Medrano-Lopez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Eléctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| | - Isaela Villalpando
- Centro de Investigación para los Recursos Naturales, Salaices 33941, Mexico
| | - Ma Isabel Salazar
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Carlos Torres-Torres
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Eléctrica, Unidad Zacatenco, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07738, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kumarage GWC, Panamaldeniya SA, Maddumage DC, Moumen A, Maraloiu VA, Mihalcea CG, Negrea RF, Dassanayake BS, Gunawardhana N, Zappa D, Galstyan V, Comini E. Synthesis of TiO 2-(B) Nanobelts for Acetone Sensing. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8322. [PMID: 37837151 PMCID: PMC10575087 DOI: 10.3390/s23198322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide nanobelts were prepared via the alkali-hydrothermal method for application in chemical gas sensing. The formation process of TiO2-(B) nanobelts and their sensing properties were investigated in detail. FE-SEM was used to study the surface of the obtained structures. The TEM and XRD analyses show that the prepared TiO2 nanobelts are in the monoclinic phase. Furthermore, TEM shows the formation of porous-like morphology due to crystal defects in the TiO2-(B) nanobelts. The gas-sensing performance of the structure toward various concentrations of hydrogen, ethanol, acetone, nitrogen dioxide, and methane gases was studied at a temperature range between 100 and 500 °C. The fabricated sensor shows a high response toward acetone at a relatively low working temperature (150 °C), which is important for the development of low-power-consumption functional devices. Moreover, the obtained results indicate that monoclinic TiO2-B is a promising material for applications in chemo-resistive gas detectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gayan W. C. Kumarage
- SENSOR Lab, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25133 Brescia, Italy or (G.W.C.K.)
- Department of Physics and Electronics, Faculty of Science, University of Kelaniya, Kelaniya 11600, Sri Lanka
| | - Shasika A. Panamaldeniya
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Dileepa C. Maddumage
- Postgraduate Institute of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Abderrahim Moumen
- SENSOR Lab, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25133 Brescia, Italy or (G.W.C.K.)
| | - Valentin A. Maraloiu
- Laboratory of Atomic Structures and Defects in Advanced Materials, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor str. 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (V.A.M.)
| | - Catalina G. Mihalcea
- Laboratory of Atomic Structures and Defects in Advanced Materials, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor str. 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (V.A.M.)
| | - Raluca F. Negrea
- Laboratory of Atomic Structures and Defects in Advanced Materials, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor str. 405 A, 077125 Magurele, Romania; (V.A.M.)
| | - Buddhika S. Dassanayake
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20400, Sri Lanka
| | - Nanda Gunawardhana
- Research and International Affairs, Sri Lanka Technological Campus, Padukka 10500, Sri Lanka
| | - Dario Zappa
- SENSOR Lab, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25133 Brescia, Italy or (G.W.C.K.)
| | - Vardan Galstyan
- SENSOR Lab, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25133 Brescia, Italy or (G.W.C.K.)
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- SENSOR Lab, Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, 25133 Brescia, Italy or (G.W.C.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kumarage GWC, Hakkoum H, Comini E. Recent Advancements in TiO 2 Nanostructures: Sustainable Synthesis and Gas Sensing. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1424. [PMID: 37111009 PMCID: PMC10147078 DOI: 10.3390/nano13081424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The search for sustainable technology-driven advancements in material synthesis is a new norm, which ensures a low impact on the environment, production cost, and workers' health. In this context, non-toxic, non-hazardous, and low-cost materials and their synthesis methods are integrated to compete with existing physical and chemical methods. From this perspective, titanium oxide (TiO2) is one of the fascinating materials because of its non-toxicity, biocompatibility, and potential of growing by sustainable methods. Accordingly, TiO2 is extensively used in gas-sensing devices. Yet, many TiO2 nanostructures are still synthesized with a lack of mindfulness of environmental impact and sustainable methods, which results in a serious burden on practical commercialization. This review provides a general outline of the advantages and disadvantages of conventional and sustainable methods of TiO2 preparation. Additionally, a detailed discussion on sustainable growth methods for green synthesis is included. Furthermore, gas-sensing applications and approaches to improve the key functionality of sensors, including response time, recovery time, repeatability, and stability, are discussed in detail in the latter parts of the review. At the end, a concluding discussion is included to provide guidelines for the selection of sustainable synthesis methods and techniques to improve the gas-sensing properties of TiO2.
Collapse
|
10
|
Imanzadeh H, Sefid-Sefidehkhan Y, Afshary H, Afruz A, Amiri M. Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors for detection of amino acids. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 230:115390. [PMID: 37079932 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and muscle tissue. They also play a significant role in physiological processes related to energy, recovery, mood, muscle and brain function, fat burning and stimulating growth hormone or insulin secretion. Accurate determination of amino acids in biological fluids is necessary because any changes in their normal ranges in the body warn diseases like kidney disease, liver disease, type 2 diabetes and cancer. To date, many methods such as liquid chromatography, fluorescence mass spectrometry, etc. have been used for the determination of amino acids. Compared with the above techniques, electrochemical systems using modified electrodes offer a rapid, accurate, cheap, real-time analytical path through simple operations with high selectivity and sensitivity. Nanomaterials have found many interests to create smart electrochemical sensors in different application fields e.g. biomedical, environmental, and food analysis because of their exceptional properties. This review summarizes recent advances in the development of nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors in 2017-2022 for the detection of amino acids in various matrices such as serum, urine, blood and pharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Imanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | | | - Hosein Afshary
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Afruz
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mandana Amiri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhu LY, Ou LX, Mao LW, Wu XY, Liu YP, Lu HL. Advances in Noble Metal-Decorated Metal Oxide Nanomaterials for Chemiresistive Gas Sensors: Overview. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 15:89. [PMID: 37029296 PMCID: PMC10082150 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01047-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Highly sensitive gas sensors with remarkably low detection limits are attractive for diverse practical application fields including real-time environmental monitoring, exhaled breath diagnosis, and food freshness analysis. Among various chemiresistive sensing materials, noble metal-decorated semiconducting metal oxides (SMOs) have currently aroused extensive attention by virtue of the unique electronic and catalytic properties of noble metals. This review highlights the research progress on the designs and applications of different noble metal-decorated SMOs with diverse nanostructures (e.g., nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, nanosheets, nanoflowers, and microspheres) for high-performance gas sensors with higher response, faster response/recovery speed, lower operating temperature, and ultra-low detection limits. The key topics include Pt, Pd, Au, other noble metals (e.g., Ag, Ru, and Rh.), and bimetals-decorated SMOs containing ZnO, SnO2, WO3, other SMOs (e.g., In2O3, Fe2O3, and CuO), and heterostructured SMOs. In addition to conventional devices, the innovative applications like photo-assisted room temperature gas sensors and mechanically flexible smart wearable devices are also discussed. Moreover, the relevant mechanisms for the sensing performance improvement caused by noble metal decoration, including the electronic sensitization effect and the chemical sensitization effect, have also been summarized in detail. Finally, major challenges and future perspectives towards noble metal-decorated SMOs-based chemiresistive gas sensors are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Lang-Xi Ou
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Wen Mao
- School of Opto-Electronic Information and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Yan Wu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Ping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Material Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Liang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System, Shanghai Institute of Intelligent Electronics and Systems, School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Hwang JY, Lee Y, Lee GH, Lee SY, Kim HS, Kim SI, Park HJ, Kim SJ, Lee BZ, Choi MS, Jin C, Lee KH. Room-temperature ammonia gas sensing via Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO 2 nanosheets. DISCOVER NANO 2023; 18:47. [PMID: 37382702 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-023-03798-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
A high-performance gas sensor operating at room temperature is always favourable since it simplifies the device fabrication and lowers the operating power by eliminating a heater. Herein, we fabricated the ammonia (NH3) gas sensor by using Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2 nanosheets, which were synthesized via two distinct processes: (1) preparation of monolayer TiO2 nanosheets through flux growth and a subsequent chemical exfoliation and (2) decoration of Au nanoparticles on the TiO2 nanosheets via hydrothermal method. Based on the morphological, compositional, crystallographic, and surface characteristics of this low-dimensional nano-heterostructured material, its temperature- and concentration-dependent NH3 gas-sensing properties were investigated. A high response of ~ 2.8 was obtained at room temperature under 20 ppm NH3 gas concentration by decorating Au nanoparticles onto the surface of TiO2 nanosheets, which generated oxygen defects and induced spillover effect as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Yun Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Yerin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Gyu Ho Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Seung Yong Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
- KIURI Institute, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Sik Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Sang-Il Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Seoul, Seoul, 02504, South Korea
| | - Hee Jung Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, South Korea
| | - Sun-Jae Kim
- Chemland Co., Ltd., Gunpo, 15850, South Korea
| | - Beom Zoo Lee
- Faculty of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Myung Sik Choi
- School of Nano, Materials Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Sangju, 37224, South Korea.
| | - Changhyun Jin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| | - Kyu Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Korotcenkov G, Tolstoy VP. Current Trends in Nanomaterials for Metal Oxide-Based Conductometric Gas Sensors: Advantages and Limitations-Part 2: Porous 2D Nanomaterials. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:237. [PMID: 36677992 PMCID: PMC9867534 DOI: 10.3390/nano13020237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This article discusses the features of the synthesis and application of porous two-dimensional nanomaterials in developing conductometric gas sensors based on metal oxides. It is concluded that using porous 2D nanomaterials and 3D structures based on them is a promising approach to improving the parameters of gas sensors, such as sensitivity and the rate of response. The limitations that may arise when using 2D structures in gas sensors intended for the sensor market are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Physics and Engineering, Moldova State University, 2009 Chisinau, Moldova
| | - Valeri P. Tolstoy
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 198504, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gibi C, Liu CH, Barton SC, Wu JJ. Recent Progress in Morphology-Tuned Nanomaterials for the Electrochemical Detection of Heavy Metals. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3930. [PMID: 36432216 PMCID: PMC9695927 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are one of the most important classes of environmental pollutants which are toxic to living beings. Many efforts are made by scientists to fabricate better sensors for the identification and quantification of heavy metal ions (HMI) in water and food samples to ensure good health. Electrocatalysts have been demonstrated to play an important role in enhancing the sensitivity and selectivity of HMI detection in electrochemical sensors. In this review, we presented morphologically well-tuned nanomaterials used as efficient sensor materials. Based on the molecular dimensions, shapes, and orientation, nanomaterials can be classified into 0-D, 1-D, 2-D, and 3-D nanomaterials. Active surface areas with significant exposure of active sites and adsorption-desorption abilities are extensively varied with dimensionality, which in turn ultimately influence the sensing performance for HMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chinchu Gibi
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hua Liu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| | - Scott C. Barton
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Jerry J. Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, Feng Chia University, Taichung 407, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Metal oxide nanofibers based chemiresistive H2S gas sensors. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
16
|
Malik R, Joshi N, Tomer VK. Functional graphitic carbon (IV) nitride: A versatile sensing material. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
17
|
Ponzoni A. A Statistical Analysis of Response and Recovery Times: The Case of Ethanol Chemiresistors Based on Pure SnO 2. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:6346. [PMID: 36080803 PMCID: PMC9459747 DOI: 10.3390/s22176346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Response and recovery times are among the most important parameters for gas sensors. Their optimization has been pursued through several strategies, including the control over the morphology of the sensitive material. The effectiveness of these approaches is typically proven by comparing different sensors studied in the same paper under the same conditions. Additionally, tables comparing the results of the considered paper with those available in the literature are often reported. This is fundamental to frame the results of individual papers in a more general context; nonetheless, it suffers from the many differences occurring at the experimental level between different research groups. To face this issue, in the present paper, we adopt a statistical approach to analyze the response and recovery times reported in the literature for chemiresistors based on pure SnO2 for ethanol detection, which was chosen as a case study owing to its available statistic. The adopted experimental setup (of the static or dynamic type) emerges as the most important parameter. Once the statistic is split into these categories, morphological and sensor-layout effects also emerge. The observed results are discussed in terms of different diffusion phenomena whose balance depends on the testing conditions adopted in different papers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ponzoni
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Brescia, National Research Council (CNR), 25123 Brescia, Italy; ; Tel.: +39-030-3711440
- National Institute of Optics (INO) Unit of Lecco, National Research Council (CNR), 23900 Lecco, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Petrov VV, Ivanishcheva AP, Volkova MG, Storozhenko VY, Gulyaeva IA, Pankov IV, Volochaev VA, Khubezhov SA, Bayan EM. High Gas Sensitivity to Nitrogen Dioxide of Nanocomposite ZnO-SnO 2 Films Activated by a Surface Electric Field. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12122025. [PMID: 35745364 PMCID: PMC9230884 DOI: 10.3390/nano12122025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Gas sensors based on the multi-sensor platform MSP 632, with thin nanocomposite films based on tin dioxide with a low content of zinc oxide (0.5–5 mol.%), were synthesized using a solid-phase low-temperature pyrolysis technique. The resulting gas-sensitive ZnO-SnO2 films were comprehensively studied by atomic force microscopy, Kelvin probe force microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The obtained films are up to 200 nm thick and consist of ZnO-SnO2 nanocomposites, with ZnO and SnO2 crystallite sizes of 4–30 nm. Measurements of ZnO-SnO2 films containing 0.5 mol.% ZnO showed the existence of large values of surface potential, up to 1800 mV, leading to the formation of a strong surface electric field with a strength of up to 2 × 107 V/cm. The presence of a strong surface electric field leads to the best gas-sensitive properties: the sensor’s responsivity is between two and nine times higher than that of sensors based on ZnO-SnO2 films of other compositions. A study of characteristics sensitive to NO2 (0.1–50 ppm) showed that gas sensors based on the ZnO-SnO2 film demonstrated a high sensitivity to NO2 with a concentration of 0.1 ppm at an operating temperature of 200 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Petrov
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, 347928 Taganrog, Russia;
- Correspondence: (V.V.P.); (A.P.I.); Tel.: +7-863-437-1624 (V.V.P.)
| | - Alexandra P. Ivanishcheva
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, 347928 Taganrog, Russia;
- Correspondence: (V.V.P.); (A.P.I.); Tel.: +7-863-437-1624 (V.V.P.)
| | - Maria G. Volkova
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.G.V.); (V.Y.S.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Viktoriya Yu. Storozhenko
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.G.V.); (V.Y.S.); (E.M.B.)
| | - Irina A. Gulyaeva
- Institute of Nanotechnologies, Electronics, and Equipment Engineering, Southern Federal University, 347928 Taganrog, Russia;
| | - Ilya V. Pankov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Av. 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (I.V.P.); (V.A.V.)
| | - Vadim A. Volochaev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Av. 194/2, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (I.V.P.); (V.A.V.)
| | - Soslan A. Khubezhov
- Research Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials Technology, Southern Federal University, Shevchenko St. 2, 344006 Taganrog, Russia;
- Department of Nanophotonics and Metamaterials, ITMO University, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Department of Physics, North-Ossetian State University, Vatutina Str. 46, 362025 Vladikavkaz, Russia
| | - Ekaterina M. Bayan
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Federal University, 344090 Rostov-on-Don, Russia; (M.G.V.); (V.Y.S.); (E.M.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Simonenko NP, Fisenko NA, Fedorov FS, Simonenko TL, Mokrushin AS, Simonenko EP, Korotcenkov G, Sysoev VV, Sevastyanov VG, Kuznetsov NT. Printing Technologies as an Emerging Approach in Gas Sensors: Survey of Literature. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3473. [PMID: 35591162 PMCID: PMC9102873 DOI: 10.3390/s22093473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we review printing technologies which are commonly approbated at recent time in the course of fabricating gas sensors and multisensor arrays, mainly of chemiresistive type. The most important characteristics of the receptor materials, which need to be addressed in order to achieve a high efficiency of chemisensor devices, are considered. The printing technologies are comparatively analyzed with regard to, (i) the rheological properties of the employed inks representing both reagent solutions or organometallic precursors and disperse systems, (ii) the printing speed and resolution, and (iii) the thickness of the formed coatings to highlight benefits and drawbacks of the methods. Particular attention is given to protocols suitable for manufacturing single miniature devices with unique characteristics under a large-scale production of gas sensors where the receptor materials could be rather quickly tuned to modify their geometry and morphology. We address the most convenient approaches to the rapid printing single-crystal multisensor arrays at lab-on-chip paradigm with sufficiently high resolution, employing receptor layers with various chemical composition which could replace in nearest future the single-sensor units for advancing a selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| | - Nikita A. Fisenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
- Higher Chemical College of the Russian Academy of Sciences, D. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 9 Miusskaya sq., 125047 Moscow, Russia
| | - Fedor S. Fedorov
- Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 3 Nobel Str., 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Tatiana L. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| | - Artem S. Mokrushin
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| | - Elizaveta P. Simonenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| | - Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Moldova State University, 2009 Chisinau, Moldova;
| | - Victor V. Sysoev
- Department of Physics, Yuri Gagarin State Technical University of Saratov, 77 Polytechnicheskaya Str., 410054 Saratov, Russia
| | - Vladimir G. Sevastyanov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| | - Nikolay T. Kuznetsov
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky pr., 119991 Moscow, Russia; (N.A.F.); (T.L.S.); (A.S.M.); (E.P.S.); (V.G.S.); (N.T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Hu J, Zhang T, Chen Y, Xu P, Zheng D, Li X. Area-Selective, In-Situ Growth of Pd-Modified ZnO Nanowires on MEMS Hydrogen Sensors. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:1001. [PMID: 35335814 PMCID: PMC8950579 DOI: 10.3390/nano12061001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials are widely utilized as sensing materials in semiconductor gas sensors. As sensor sizes continue to shrink, it becomes increasingly challenging to construct micro-scale sensing materials on a micro-sensor with good uniformity and stability. Therefore, in-situ growth with a desired pattern in the tiny sensing area of a microsensor is highly demanded. In this work, we combine area-selective seed layer formation and hydrothermal growth for the in-situ growth of ZnO nanowires (NWs) on Micro-electromechanical Systems (MEMS)-based micro-hotplate gas sensors. The results show that the ZnO NWs are densely grown in the sensing area. With Pd nano-particles' modification of the ZnO NWs, the sensor is used for hydrogen (H2) detection. The sensors with Pd-ZnO NWs show good repeatability as well as a reversible and uniform response to 2.5 ppm-200 ppm H2. Our approach offers a technical route for designing various kinds of gas sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Hu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (J.H.); (T.Z.)
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Tao Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (J.H.); (T.Z.)
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; (P.X.); (X.L.)
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; (P.X.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Pengcheng Xu
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; (P.X.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dan Zheng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China; (J.H.); (T.Z.)
| | - Xinxin Li
- State Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China; (P.X.); (X.L.)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tavana B, Chen A. Determination of Drugs in Clinical Trials: Current Status and Outlook. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:1592. [PMID: 35214505 PMCID: PMC8875021 DOI: 10.3390/s22041592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
All pharmaceutical drugs, vaccines, cosmetic products, and many medical breakthroughs must first be approved through clinical research and trials before advancing to standard practice or entering the marketplace. Clinical trials are sets of tests that are required to determine the safety and efficacy of pharmaceutical compounds, drugs, and treatments. There is one pre-phase and four main clinical phase requirements that every drug must pass to obtain final approval. Analytical techniques play a unique role in clinical trials for measuring the concentrations of pharmaceutical compounds in biological matrices and monitoring the conditions of patients (or volunteers) during various clinical phases. This review focuses on recent analytical methods that are employed to determine the concentrations of drugs and medications in biological matrices, including whole blood, plasma, urine, and breast milk. Four primary analytical techniques (extraction, spectroscopy, chromatography, and electrochemical) are discussed, and their advantages and limitations are assessed. Subsequent to a survey of evidence and results, it is clear that microelectromechanical system (MEMS) based electrochemical sensor and biosensor technologies exhibit several notable advantages over other analytical methods, and their future prospects are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Aicheng Chen
- Electrochemical Technology Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada;
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Leve ZD, Iwuoha EI, Ross N. The Synergistic Properties and Gas Sensing Performance of Functionalized Graphene-Based Sensors. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:1326. [PMID: 35207867 PMCID: PMC8877958 DOI: 10.3390/ma15041326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The detection of toxic gases has long been a priority in industrial manufacturing, environmental monitoring, medical diagnosis, and national defense. The importance of gas sensing is not only of high benefit to such industries but also to the daily lives of people. Graphene-based gas sensors have elicited a lot of interest recently, due to the excellent physical properties of graphene and its derivatives, such as graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO). Graphene oxide and rGO have been shown to offer large surface areas that extend their active sites for adsorbing gas molecules, thereby improving the sensitivity of the sensor. There are several literature reports on the promising functionalization of GO and rGO surfaces with metal oxide, for enhanced performance with regard to selectivity and sensitivity in gas sensing. These synthetic and functionalization methods provide the ideal combination/s required for enhanced gas sensors. In this review, the functionalization of graphene, synthesis of heterostructured nanohybrids, and the assessment of their collaborative performance towards gas-sensing applications are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Natasha Ross
- SensorLab, Chemistry Department, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (Z.D.L.); (E.I.I.)
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Semiquantitative Classification of Two Oxidizing Gases with Graphene-Based Gas Sensors. CHEMOSENSORS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors10020068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Miniature and low-power gas sensing elements are urgently needed for a portable electronic nose, especially for outdoor pollution monitoring. Hereby we prepared chemiresistive sensors based on wide-area graphene (grown by chemical vapor deposition) placed on Si/Si3N4 substrates with interdigitated electrodes and built-in microheaters. Graphene of each sensor was individually functionalized with ultrathin oxide coating (CuO-MnO2, In2O3 or Sc2O3) by pulsed laser deposition. Over the course of 72 h, the heated sensors were exposed to randomly generated concentration cycles of 30 ppb NO2, 30 ppb O3, 60 ppb NO2, 60 ppb O3 and 30 ppb NO2 + 30 ppb O3 in synthetic air (21% O2, 50% relative humidity). While O3 completely dominated the response of sensors with CuO-MnO2 coating, the other sensors had comparable sensitivity to NO2 as well. Various response features (amplitude, response rate, and recovery rate) were considered as machine learning inputs. Using just the response amplitudes of two complementary sensors allowed us to distinguish these five gas environments with an accuracy of ~ 85%. Misclassification was mostly due to an overlap in the case of the 30 ppb O3, and 30 ppb O3 + 30 ppb NO2 responses, and was largely caused by the temporal drift of these responses. The addition of recovery rates to machine learning input variables enabled us to very clearly distinguish different gases and increase the overall accuracy to ~94%.
Collapse
|
25
|
P-type Inversion at the Surface of β-Ga2O3 Epitaxial Layer Modified with Au Nanoparticles. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22030932. [PMID: 35161678 PMCID: PMC8838010 DOI: 10.3390/s22030932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The electric properties and chemical and thermal stability of gallium oxide β-Ga2O3 make it a promising material for a wide variety of electronic devices, including chemiresistive gas sensors. However, p-type doping of β-Ga2O3 still remains a challenge. A β-Ga2O3 epitaxial layer with a highly developed surface was synthesized on gold electrodes on a Al2O3 substrate via a Halide Vapor Phase Epitaxy (HVPE) method. The epitaxial layer was impregnated with an aqueous colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles with an average diameter of Au nanoparticle less than 5 nm. Electrical impedance of the layer was measured before and after modification with the Au nanoparticles in an ambient atmosphere, in dry nitrogen, and in air containing dimethyl sulfide C2H6S (DMS). After the impregnation of the β-Ga2O3 epitaxial layer with Au nanoparticles, its conductance increased, and its electric response to air containing DMS had been inversed. The introduction of Au nanoparticles at the surface of the metal oxide was responsible for the formation of an internal depleted region and p-type conductivity at the surface.
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang G, Zeng H, Liu J, Nagashima K, Takahashi T, Hosomi T, Tanaka W, Yanagida T. Nanowire-based sensor electronics for chemical and biological applications. Analyst 2021; 146:6684-6725. [PMID: 34667998 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01096d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Detection and recognition of chemical and biological species via sensor electronics are important not only for various sensing applications but also for fundamental scientific understanding. In the past two decades, sensor devices using one-dimensional (1D) nanowires have emerged as promising and powerful platforms for electrical detection of chemical species and biologically relevant molecules due to their superior sensing performance, long-term stability, and ultra-low power consumption. This paper presents a comprehensive overview of the recent progress and achievements in 1D nanowire synthesis, working principles of nanowire-based sensors, and the applications of nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological analytes detection and recognition. In addition, some critical issues that hinder the practical applications of 1D nanowire-based sensor electronics, including device reproducibility and selectivity, stability, and power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, challenges, perspectives, and opportunities for developing advanced and innovative nanowire-based sensor electronics in chemical and biological applications are featured.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guozhu Zhang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Hao Zeng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Jiangyang Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Kazuki Nagashima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Takahashi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Takuro Hosomi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,JST-PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Wataru Tanaka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Yanagida
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8654, Japan. .,Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 6-1 Kasuga-Koen, Kasuga, Fukuoka, 816-8580, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Feeney SG, LaFreniere JMJ, Halpern JM. Perspective on Nanofiber Electrochemical Sensors: Design of Relative Selectivity Experiments. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3706. [PMID: 34771266 PMCID: PMC8588248 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of nanofibers creates the ability for non-enzymatic sensing in various applications and greatly improves the sensitivity, speed, and accuracy of electrochemical sensors for a wide variety of analytes. The high surface area to volume ratio of the fibers as well as their high porosity, even when compared to other common nanostructures, allows for enhanced electrocatalytic, adsorptive, and analyte-specific recognition mechanisms. Nanofibers have the potential to rival and replace materials used in electrochemical sensing. As more types of nanofibers are developed and tested for new applications, more consistent and refined selectivity experiments are needed. We applied this idea in a review of interferant control experiments and real sample analyses. The goal of this review is to provide guidelines for acceptable nanofiber sensor selectivity experiments with considerations for electrocatalytic, adsorptive, and analyte-specific recognition mechanisms. The intended presented review and guidelines will be of particular use to junior researchers designing their first control experiments, but could be used as a reference for anyone designing selectivity experiments for non-enzymatic sensors including nanofibers. We indicate the importance of testing both interferants in complex media and mechanistic interferants in the selectivity analysis of newly developed nanofiber sensor surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stanley G. Feeney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824 NH, USA;
| | | | - Jeffrey Mark Halpern
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, 03824 NH, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Wei C, Song H, Huang Z, Zhang L, Li L, Lv Y. Ozone-Activated Cataluminescence Sensor System for Dichloroalkanes Based on Silica Nanospheres. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2893-2901. [PMID: 34269056 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The detection and monitoring of dichloroalkanes, which are typical chlorinated volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) with obvious biological toxicity, is of significance for environmental pollution and public health. Herein, a novel ozone-activated cataluminescence (CTL) sensor system based on silica nanospheres was developed for highly sensitive and fast quantification of dichloroalkanes. A typical CTL system coupled with a plasma-ozone-assist unit was designed for promoting the CTL response of dichloroalkanes. The ozone generated by plasma provides a new pathway of catalytic oxidation process, which accompanied by the CTL signal amplification of dichloroalkanes results in an enhanced CTL sensor system with improved limit of detection (1,2-dichloroethane: 0.04 μg mL-1, 1,2-dichloropropane: 0.03 μg mL-1) and benign selective performance under the interference of CO2, H2O, NO, NO2, SO2, CS2, and other common CVOCs. Moreover, a segmented CTL mechanism including co-adsorption of ozone and dichloroalkanes, thermal elimination, the ozonation route, and a luminous step was ratiocinated based on multiple characterizations and discussion. The proposed methodology and theory open up an attractive perspective for the analysis of less active volatile organic compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chudong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Hongjie Song
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Zili Huang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Lichun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Izydorczyk W, Izydorczyk J. Structure, Surface Morphology, Chemical Composition, and Sensing Properties of SnO 2 Thin Films in an Oxidizing Atmosphere. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21175741. [PMID: 34502631 PMCID: PMC8434056 DOI: 10.3390/s21175741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We conducted experiments on SnO2 thin layers to determine the dependencies between the stoichiometry, electrochemical properties, and structure. This study focused on features such as the film structure, working temperature, layer chemistry, and atmosphere composition, which play a crucial role in the oxygen sensor operation. We tested two kinds of resistive SnO2 layers, which had different grain dimensions, thicknesses, and morphologies. Gas-sensing layers fabricated by two methods, a rheotaxial growth and thermal oxidation (RGTO) process and DC reactive magnetron sputtering, were examined in this work. The crystalline structure of SnO2 films synthesized by both methods was characterized using XRD, and the crystallite size was determined from XRD and AFM measurements. Chemical characterization was carried out using X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and Auger electron (AES) spectroscopy for the surface and the near-surface film region (in-depth profiles). We investigated the layer resistance for different oxygen concentrations within a range of 1-4%, in a nitrogen atmosphere. Additionally, resistance measurements within a temperature range of 423-623 K were analyzed. We assumed a flat grain geometry in theoretical modeling for comparing the results of measurements with the calculated results.
Collapse
|
30
|
Gounder Thangamani J, Khadheer Pasha SK. Hydrothermal synthesis of copper (׀׀) oxide-nanoparticles with highly enhanced BTEX gas sensing performance using chemiresistive sensor. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 277:130237. [PMID: 34384171 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the cost effective and facile hydrothermal synthesis technique was adopted to synthesize the copper (׀׀) oxide (CuO)-Nanoparticles (NPs). Physico-chemical characterization of the synthesized CuO-NPs was done by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis were carried out to study the structural, optical, and surface morphology of nanomaterial. XRD analysis revealed that the synthesized CuO-NPs had monoclinic structure and the average crystallite size is 20 nm. FTIR spectra indicate the vibrational bands of metal oxygen bonds (Cu-O). UV-visible absorption spectra were utilized to determine the energy band gap (Eg) of the CuO-NPs. In addition, we fabricated the chemiresistive sensor using synthesized CuO-NPs for detecting Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). These results demonstrate that CuO-NPs based chemiresistive sensor is ideal for qualitative detection of BTEX chemicals vapors (i.e. Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, and Xylene).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Gounder Thangamani
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S K Khadheer Pasha
- Department of Physics, VIT-AP University, Amaravati, Guntur, 522501, Andhra Pradesh, India.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Improving Gas-Sensing Performance Based on MOS Nanomaterials: A Review. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14154263. [PMID: 34361460 PMCID: PMC8347970 DOI: 10.3390/ma14154263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In order to solve issues of air pollution, to monitor human health, and to promote agricultural production, gas sensors have been used widely. Metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors have become an important area of research in the field of gas sensing due to their high sensitivity, quick response time, and short recovery time for NO2, CO2, acetone, etc. In our article, we mainly focus on the gas-sensing properties of MOS gas sensors and summarize the methods that are based on the interface effect of MOS materials and micro–nanostructures to improve their performance. These methods include noble metal modification, doping, and core-shell (C-S) nanostructure. Moreover, we also describe the mechanism of these methods to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of energy barrier modulation and electron transfer for gas adsorption. Finally, we put forward a variety of research ideas based on the above methods to improve the gas-sensing properties. Some perspectives for the development of MOS gas sensors are also discussed.
Collapse
|
32
|
Singh KR, Nayak V, Singh J, Singh AK, Singh RP. Potentialities of bioinspired metal and metal oxide nanoparticles in biomedical sciences. RSC Adv 2021; 11:24722-24746. [PMID: 35481029 PMCID: PMC9036962 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra04273d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, various reports have shown that metallic gold bhasma at the nanoscale form was used as medicine as early as 2500 B.C. in India, China, and Egypt. Owing to their unique physicochemical, biological, and electronic properties, they have broad utilities in energy, environment, agriculture and more recently, the biomedical field. The biomedical domain has been used in drug delivery, imaging, diagnostics, therapeutics, and biosensing applications. In this review, we will discuss and highlight the increasing control over metal and metal oxide nanoparticle structures as smart nanomaterials utilized in the biomedical domain to advance the role of biosynthesized nanoparticles for improving human health through wide applications in the targeted drug delivery, controlled release drug delivery, wound dressing, tissue scaffolding, and medical implants. In addition, we have discussed concerns related to the role of these types of nanoparticles as an anti-viral agent by majorly highlighting the ways to combat the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, along with their prospects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kshitij Rb Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V.Y.T. PG Autonomous College Durg Chhattisgarh (491001) India
| | - Vanya Nayak
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh (484886) India +91-91-0934-6565
| | - Jay Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University Varanasi Uttar Pradesh (221005) India
| | - Ajaya Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. V.Y.T. PG Autonomous College Durg Chhattisgarh (491001) India
| | - Ravindra Pratap Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University Amarkantak Madhya Pradesh (484886) India +91-91-0934-6565
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Tonezzer M, Thai NX, Gasperi F, Van Duy N, Biasioli F. Quantitative Assessment of Trout Fish Spoilage with a Single Nanowire Gas Sensor in a Thermal Gradient. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061604. [PMID: 34207259 PMCID: PMC8235061 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The response of a single tin oxide nanowire was collected at different temperatures to create a virtual array of sensors working as a nano-electronic nose. The single nanowire, acting as a chemiresistor, was first tested with pure ammonia and then used to determine the freshness status of trout fish (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a rapid and non-invasive way. The gas sensor reacts to total volatile basic nitrogen, detecting the freshness status of the fish samples in less than 30 s. The sensor response at different temperatures correlates well with the total viable count (TVC), demonstrating that it is a good (albeit indirect) way of measuring the bacterial population in the sample. The nano-electronic nose is not only able to classify the samples according to their degree of freshness but also to quantitatively estimate the concentration of microorganisms present. The system was tested with samples stored at different temperatures and classified them perfectly (100%), estimating their log(TVC) with an error lower than 5%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Tonezzer
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- IMEM-CNR, Sede di Trento—FBK, Via alla Cascata 56/C, Povo, 38123 Trento, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Nguyen Xuan Thai
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
| | - Flavia Gasperi
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
- Center Agriculture Food Environment, University of Trento/Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Nguyen Van Duy
- International Training Institute for Materials Science, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam;
- Correspondence: (M.T.); (N.V.D.)
| | - Franco Biasioli
- Research and Innovation Centre, Department of Food Quality and Nutrition, Fondazione Edmund Mach, Via E. Mach 1, 38098 San Michele all’Adige, Italy; (F.G.); (F.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Korotcenkov G. Electrospun Metal Oxide Nanofibers and Their Conductometric Gas Sensor Application. Part 2: Gas Sensors and Their Advantages and Limitations. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061555. [PMID: 34204655 PMCID: PMC8231294 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Electrospun metal oxide nanofibers, due to their unique structural and electrical properties, are now being considered as materials with great potential for gas sensor applications. This critical review attempts to assess the feasibility of these perspectives. This article discusses approaches to the manufacture of nanofiber-based gas sensors, as well as the results of analysis of the performances of these sensors. A detailed analysis of the disadvantages that can limit the use of electrospinning technology in the development of gas sensors is also presented in this article. It also proposes some approaches to solving problems that limit the use of nanofiber-based gas sensors. Finally, the summary provides an insight into the future prospects of electrospinning technology for the development of gas sensors aimed for the gas sensor market.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ghenadii Korotcenkov
- Department of Theoretical Physics, Moldova State University, 2009 Chisinau, Moldova
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Electrospun Metal Oxide Nanofibers and Their Conductometric Gas Sensor Application. Part 1: Nanofibers and Features of Their Forming. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11061544. [PMID: 34208104 PMCID: PMC8230756 DOI: 10.3390/nano11061544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Electrospun metal oxide nanofibers, due to their unique structural and electrical properties, are now being considered as materials with great potential for gas sensor applications. This critical review attempts to assess the feasibility of these perspectives. The article in Part 1 discusses the basic principles of electrospinning and the features of the formation of metal oxide nanofibers using this method. Approaches to optimization of nanofibers’ parameters important for gas sensor application are also considered.
Collapse
|
36
|
Recent Advances on Properties and Utility of Nanomaterials Generated from Industrial and Biological Activities. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11060634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Today is the era of nanoscience and nanotechnology, which find applications in the field of medicine, electronics, and environmental remediation. Even though nanotechnology is in its emerging phase, it continues to provide solutions to numerous challenges. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles are found to be very effective because of their unique chemical and physical properties and high surface area, but their high cost is one of the major hurdles to its wider application. So, the synthesis of nanomaterials, especially 2D nanomaterials from industrial, agricultural, and other biological activities, could provide a cost-effective technique. The nanomaterials synthesized from such waste not only minimize pollution, but also provide an eco-friendly approach towards the utilization of the waste. In the present review work, emphasis has been given to the types of nanomaterials, different methods for the synthesis of 2D nanomaterials from the waste generated from industries, agriculture, and their application in electronics, medicine, and catalysis.
Collapse
|
37
|
Fabrication, Characterization and Performance of Low Power Gas Sensors Based on (Ga xIn 1-x) 2O 3 Nanowires. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21103342. [PMID: 34065003 PMCID: PMC8151396 DOI: 10.3390/s21103342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Active research in nanostructured materials aims to explore new paths for improving electronic device characteristics. In the field of gas sensors, those based on metal oxide single nanowires exhibit excellent sensitivity and can operate at extremely low power consumption, making them a highly promising candidate for a novel generation of portable devices. The mix of two different metal oxides on the same nanowire can further broaden the response of this kind of gas sensor, thus widening the range of detectable gases, without compromising the properties related to the active region miniaturization. In this paper, a first study on the synthesis, characterization and gas sensing performance of (GaxIn1-x)2O3 nanowires (NWs) is reported. Carbothermal metal-assisted chemical vapor deposition was carried out with different mixtures of Ga2O3, In2O3 and graphite powders. Structural characterization of the NWs revealed that they have a crystalline structure close to that of In2O3 nanowires, with a small amount of Ga incorporation, which highly depends on the mass ratio between the two precursors. Dedicated gas nanosensors based on single NWs were fabricated and tested for both ethanol and nitrogen dioxide, demonstrating an improved performance compared to similar devices based on pure In2O3 or Ga2O3 NWs.
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
During the past two decades, one–dimensional (1D) metal–oxide nanowire (NW)-based molecular sensors have been witnessed as promising candidates to electrically detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) due to their high surface to volume ratio, single crystallinity, and well-defined crystal orientations. Furthermore, these unique physical/chemical features allow the integrated sensor electronics to work with a long-term stability, ultra-low power consumption, and miniature device size, which promote the fast development of “trillion sensor electronics” for Internet of things (IoT) applications. This review gives a comprehensive overview of the recent studies and achievements in 1D metal–oxide nanowire synthesis, sensor device fabrication, sensing material functionalization, and sensing mechanisms. In addition, some critical issues that impede the practical application of the 1D metal–oxide nanowire-based sensor electronics, including selectivity, long-term stability, and low power consumption, will be highlighted. Finally, we give a prospective account of the remaining issues toward the laboratory-to-market transformation of the 1D nanostructure-based sensor electronics.
Collapse
|
39
|
Morphology of Ga 2O 3 Nanowires and Their Sensitivity to Volatile Organic Compounds. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11020456. [PMID: 33670141 PMCID: PMC7916880 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Gas sensitive structures made of nanowires exhibit extremally large specific surface area, and a great number of chemically active centres that can react with the ambient atmosphere. This makes the use of nanomaterials promising for super sensitive gas sensor applications. Monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanowires (NWs) were synthesized from metallic gallium at atmospheric pressure in the presence of nitrogen and water vapor. The nanowires were grown directly on interdigitated gold electrodes screen printed on Al2O3 substrates, which constituted the gas sensor structure. The observations made with transmission electron microscope (TEM) have shown that the nanowires are monocrystalline and their diameters vary from 80 to 300 nm with the average value of approximately 170 nm. Au droplets were found to be anchored at the tips of the nanowires which may indicate that the nanowires followed the Vapor-Liquid-Solid (VLS) mechanism of growth. The conductivity of β-Ga2O3 NWs increases in the presence of volatile organic compounds (VOC) even in the temperature below 600 °C. The gas sensor based on the synthesized β-Ga2O3 NWs shows peak sensitivity to 100 ppm of ethanol of 75.1 at 760 °C, while peak sensitivity to 100 ppm of acetone is 27.5 at 690 °C.
Collapse
|
40
|
Zappi D, Ramma MM, Scognamiglio V, Antonacci A, Varani G, Giardi MT. High-Tech and Nature-Made Nanocomposites and Their Applications in the Field of Sensors and Biosensors for Gas Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10110176. [PMID: 33203038 PMCID: PMC7696430 DOI: 10.3390/bios10110176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Gas sensors have been object of increasing attention by the scientific community in recent years. For the development of the sensing element, two major trends seem to have appeared. On one hand, the possibility of creating complex structures at the nanoscale level has given rise to ever more sensitive sensors based on metal oxides and metal-polymer combinations. On the other hand, gas biosensors have started to be developed, thanks to their intrinsic ability to be selective for the target analyte. In this review, we analyze the recent progress in both areas and underline their strength, current problems, and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zappi
- Istituto di Cristallografia, CNR Area Della Ricerca di Roma, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo Rome, Italy; (D.Z.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Matiss Martins Ramma
- Biosensor Srl, Via Degli Olmetti 44, 00060 Formello Rome, Italy; (M.M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Viviana Scognamiglio
- Istituto di Cristallografia, CNR Area Della Ricerca di Roma, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo Rome, Italy; (D.Z.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Amina Antonacci
- Istituto di Cristallografia, CNR Area Della Ricerca di Roma, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo Rome, Italy; (D.Z.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
| | - Gabriele Varani
- Biosensor Srl, Via Degli Olmetti 44, 00060 Formello Rome, Italy; (M.M.R.); (G.V.)
| | - Maria Teresa Giardi
- Istituto di Cristallografia, CNR Area Della Ricerca di Roma, 00015 Monterotondo Scalo Rome, Italy; (D.Z.); (V.S.); (A.A.)
- Biosensor Srl, Via Degli Olmetti 44, 00060 Formello Rome, Italy; (M.M.R.); (G.V.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|