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Chen H, Liu N, Hu S, Li X, He F, Chen L, Xu X. Yeast β-glucan-based nanoparticles loading methotrexate promotes osteogenesis of hDPSCs and periodontal bone regeneration under the inflammatory microenvironment. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 342:122401. [PMID: 39048236 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The regeneration of absorbed alveolar bone and reconstruction of periodontal support tissue are huge challenges in the clinical treatment of periodontitis due to the limited regenerative capacity of alveolar bone. It is essential to regulate inflammatory reaction and periodontal cell differentiation. Based on the anti-inflammatory effect of baker's yeast β-glucan (BYG) with biosafety by targeting macrophages, the BYG-based nanoparticles loading methotrexate (cBPM) were fabricated from polyethylene glycol-grafted BYG through chemical crosslinking for treatment of periodontitis. In our findings, cBPM promoted osteogenesis of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) under inflammatory microenvironment, characterized by the enhanced expression of osteogenesis-related Runx2 and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (MAPK/Erk) pathway in vitro. Animal experiments further demonstrate that cBPM effectively promoted periodontal bone regeneration and achieved in a better effect of recovery indicated by 19.2 % increase in tissue volume, 7.1 % decrease in trabecular separation, and a significant increase in percent bone volume and trabecular thickness, compared with the model group. Additionally, cBPM inhibited inflammation and repaired alveolar bone by transforming macrophage phenotype from inflammatory M1 to anti-inflammatory M2. This work provides an alternative strategy for the clinical treatment of periodontitis through BYG-based delivery nanoplatform of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; College of Food Science and Technology, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Ningyue Liu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Shuqian Hu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Fangzhou He
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
| | - Xiaojuan Xu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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Atalay M, Uslu MÖ, İçen MS, Üremiş N, Türköz Y. Preventive effects of systemic Pistacia eurycarpa Yalt. administration on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress in rats with experimental periodontitis. J Appl Oral Sci 2024; 32:e20230344. [PMID: 38359268 PMCID: PMC10984577 DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the effects of systemic administration of P. eurycarpa Yalt. plant extract on alveolar bone loss and oxidative stress biomarkers in gingival tissue in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. METHODOLOGY 32 male Wistar albino rats, weighing 200-250 g, were divided into four groups (n=8): Healthy control (HC), Experimental periodontitis control (EPC), Experimental periodontitis 400 mg/kg (EP400), Experimental periodontitis 800 mg/kg (EP800). Experimental periodontitis was induced using the ligating method. Distilled water was administered to the HC and EPC groups and the plant extract was administered to the EP400 and EP800 groups by oral gavage at doses of 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg, respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 15th day. The values of glutathione peroxidase GSH-Px, malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismustase (SOD), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI) in the gingival tissues were analyzed by ELISA tests. Alveolar bone loss was assessed using micro-CT images of the maxilla. RESULTS Although the IL-1β, TOS, OSI results of the healthy control group were lower than those of the other groups, the TAS values were higher (p<0.05). No significant difference was found in the biochemical parameters among the EPC, EP400, and EP800 groups (p>0.05). Alveolar bone loss was significantly reduced in the extract groups compared to the EPC group (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, it was observed that the systemic P. eurycarpa extract application reduced alveolar bone loss in a rat model of experimental periodontitis. Further studies are needed to elucidate the beneficial effects of P. eurycarpa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Atalay
- 75th Year Oral and Dental Health HospitalMinistry of HealthAnkaraTurkeyMinistry of Health, 75 Year Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Özay Uslu
- Alanya Alaaddin Keykubat UniversityFaculty of DentistryDepartment of PeriodontologyAntalyaTurkeyAlanya Alaaddin Keykubat University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Periodontology, Antalya, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Sina İçen
- Inonu UniversityFaculty of PharmacyDepartment of PharmacognosyMalatyaTurkeyAssistant Prof. Dr. Mehmet Sina İçen, Inonu University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Nuray Üremiş
- Inonu UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical BiochemistryMalatyaTurkeyPh.D Nuray Üremiş, Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Malatya, Turkey.
| | - Yusuf Türköz
- Inonu UniversityFaculty of MedicineDepartment of Medical BiochemistryMalatyaTurkeyProf. Dr. Yusuf Türköz, Inonu University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Malatya, Turkey.
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de Brito Avelino L, Rodrigues KT, da Silva Cruz NT, Martins AA, de Aquino Martins ARL. Effectiveness of Probiotic Therapy in the Management of PeriodontalDisease in Diabetic Patients: A Scoping Review. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e281123223961. [PMID: 38018184 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998271193231108054254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Probiotics can compete with periodontal pathogens in the formation of dental biofilm, and they are able to modulate local and systemic immune responses. Thus, its use in diabetic patients with periodontal disease (PD) can overcome the limitations of conventional periodontal treatment. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aimed to understand the extent and type of evidence in relation to the effects of probiotic therapy on periodontal and glycaemic parameters of diabetic patients with PD. METHODS An electronic search was performed in the following databases: Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Virtual Health Library (including LILACS and BBO), PubMed (including Medline), Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The review included clinical trials on patients with type 2 diabetes, diagnosed with gingivitis or periodontitis, who received probiotic therapy as a single therapy or adjuvant to scaling and root planning, and on whom the analyses of clinical periodontal, immunological, microbiological, or glycaemic parameters were performed. RESULTS The electronic search yielded a total of 1165 articles. After removing duplicate titles and performing systematic screening, 6 studies were included in the qualitative summary. Probiotic administration improved clinical periodontal parameters (bleeding on probing and probing depth), oxidative stress markers, and inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, IL-10, and TNF-α) in relation to control groups. Experimental groups were also more advantageous in reducing the frequency of periodontopathogenic bacteria. However, the evidence of probiotics in decreasing glycated hemoglobin is still uncertain. CONCLUSION Probiotics may provide safe additional benefits to periodontal parameters of patients with type 2 diabetes and periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Agnes Andrade Martins
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
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Santamarina AB, Moraes RCM, Nehmi Filho V, Murata GM, de Freitas JA, de Miranda DA, Cerqueira ARA, Costa SKP, Ferreira AFF, Britto LR, de Camargo JA, Rodrigues de Oliveira D, de Jesus FN, Otoch JP, Pessoa AFM. The Symbiotic Effect of a New Nutraceutical with Yeast β-Glucan, Prebiotics, Minerals, and Silybum marianum (Silymarin) for Recovering Metabolic Homeostasis via Pgc-1α, Il-6, and Il-10 Gene Expression in a Type-2 Diabetes Obesity Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:447. [PMID: 35326098 PMCID: PMC8944780 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of natural products and derivatives for the prevention and control of non-communicable chronic diseases, such as type-2 diabetes (T2D), obesity, and hepatic steatosis is a way to achieve homeostasis through different metabolic pathways. Thus, male C57BL/6 mice were divided into the following groups: high-fat diet (HFD) vehicle, HFD + Supplemented, HFD + Supplemented_S, and isolated compounds. The vehicle and experimental formulations were administered orally by gavage once a day over the four weeks of the diet (28 consecutive days). We evaluated the energy homeostasis, cytokines, and mitochondrial gene expression in these groups of mice. After four weeks of supplementation, only the new nutraceutical group (HFD + Supplemented) experienced reduced fasting glycemia, insulin, HOMA index, HOMA-β, dyslipidemia, ectopic fat deposition, and hepatic fibrosis levels. Additionally, the PPARγ coactivator 1 α (Pgc-1α), interleukin-6 (Il-6), and interleukin-10 (Il-10) gene expression were augmented, while hepatic steatosis decreased and liver parenchyma was recovered. The glutathione-S-transferase activity status was found to be modulated by the supplement. We discovered that the new nutraceutical was able to improve insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis mainly by regulating IL-6, IL-10, and Pgc-1α gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Boveto Santamarina
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil;
| | - Ruan Carlos Macêdo Moraes
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
| | - Victor Nehmi Filho
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
- Research and Development Efeom Nutrition S/A, São Paulo 03317-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Gilson Masahiro Murata
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-29), Clinic Medical Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Jéssica Alves de Freitas
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
| | - Danielle Araujo de Miranda
- Department of Physiology, Escola Paulista de Medicina/Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil;
| | - Anderson Romério Azevedo Cerqueira
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (A.R.A.C.); (S.K.P.C.)
| | - Soraia Katia Pereira Costa
- Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (A.R.A.C.); (S.K.P.C.)
| | - Ana Flávia Fernandes Ferreira
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (A.F.F.F.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Luiz Roberto Britto
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, SP, Brazil; (A.F.F.F.); (L.R.B.)
| | - Juliana Alves de Camargo
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation (LIM-55), Urology Department, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil;
| | - Daniela Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
- Genomic Sciences and Precision Medicine Center (GSPMC), Department of Surgery, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | - Flavia Neto de Jesus
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, Cumming School of Medicine Alberta, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada;
| | - José Pinhata Otoch
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
- Research and Development Efeom Nutrition S/A, São Paulo 03317-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Marçal Pessoa
- Natural Products and Derivatives Laboratory (LIM-26), Department of Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil; (R.C.M.M.); (V.N.F.); (J.A.d.F.); (D.R.d.O.); (J.P.O.)
- Research and Development Efeom Nutrition S/A, São Paulo 03317-000, SP, Brazil
- Brazilian Academic Consortium for Integrative Health (CABSIN), Natural Products Committee, São Paulo 05449-070, SP, Brazil
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Bastos R, Oliveira PG, Gaspar VM, Mano JF, Coimbra MA, Coelho E. Brewer's yeast polysaccharides - A review of their exquisite structural features and biomedical applications. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 277:118826. [PMID: 34893243 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances on brewer's yeast cell wall polysaccharides have unraveled exquisite structural features and diverse composition with (β1→3), (β1→6), (α1→4), (β1→4)-mix-linked glucans that are recognized to interact with different cell receptors and trigger specific biological responses. Herein, a comprehensive showcase of structure-biofunctional relationships between yeast polysaccharides and their biological targets is highlighted, with a focus on polysaccharide features that govern the biomedical activity. The insolubility of β-glucans is a crucial factor for binding and activation of Dectin-1 receptor, operating as adjuvants of immune responses. Contrarily, soluble low molecular weight β-glucans have a strong inhibition of reactive oxygen species production, acting as antagonists of Dectin-1 mediated signaling. Soluble glucan-protein moieties can also act as antitumoral agents. The balance between mannoproteins-TLR2 and β-glucans-Dectin-1 receptors-activation is crucial for osteogenesis. Biomedical applications value can also be obtained from yeast microcapsules as oral delivery systems, where highly branched (β1→6)-glucans lead to higher receptor affinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bastos
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Patrícia G Oliveira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Vítor M Gaspar
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - João F Mano
- CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Manuel A Coimbra
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Coelho
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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Negrini TDC, Carlos IZ, Duque C, Caiaffa KS, Arthur RA. Interplay Among the Oral Microbiome, Oral Cavity Conditions, the Host Immune Response, Diabetes Mellitus, and Its Associated-Risk Factors-An Overview. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2022; 2:697428. [PMID: 35048037 PMCID: PMC8757730 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.697428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This comprehensive review of the literature aimed to investigate the interplay between the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, and host immune response in Diabetes mellitus (DM). Moreover, this review also aimed to investigate how DM related risk factors, such as advanced age, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, hypertension and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), act in promoting or modifying specific mechanisms that could potentially perpetuate both altered systemic and oral conditions. We found that poorly controlled glycemic index may exert a negative effect on the immune system of affected individuals, leading to a deficient immune response or to an exacerbation of the inflammatory response exacerbating DM-related complications. Hyperglycemia induces alterations in the oral microbiome since poor glycemic control is associated with increased levels and frequencies of periodontal pathogens in the subgingival biofilm of individuals with DM. A bidirectional relationship between periodontal diseases and DM has been suggested: DM patients may have an exaggerated inflammatory response, poor repair and bone resorption that aggravates periodontal disease whereas the increased levels of systemic pro-inflammatory mediators found in individuals affected with periodontal disease exacerbates insulin resistance. SARS-CoV-2 infection may represent an aggravating factor for individuals with DM. Individuals with DM tend to have low salivary flow and a high prevalence of xerostomia, but the association between prevalence/experience of dental caries and DM is still unclear. DM has also been associated to the development of lesions in the oral mucosa, especially potentially malignant ones and those associated with fungal infections. Obesity plays an important role in the induction and progression of DM. Co-affected obese and DM individuals tend to present worse oral health conditions. A decrease in HDL and, an increase in triglycerides bloodstream levels seem to be associated with an increase on the load of periodontopathogens on oral cavity. Moreover, DM may increase the likelihood of halitosis. Prevalence of impaired taste perception and impaired smell recognition tend to be greater in DM patients. An important interplay among oral cavity microbiome, DM, obesity and hypertension has been proposed as the reduction of nitrate into nitrite, in addition to contribute to lowering of blood pressure, reduces oxidative stress and increases insulin secretion, being these effects desirable for the control of obesity and DM. Women with PCOS tend to present a distinct oral microbial composition and an elevated systemic response to selective members of this microbial community, but the association between oral microbiome, PCOS are DM is still unknown. The results of the studies presented in this review suggest the interplay among the oral microbiome, oral cavity conditions, host immune response and DM and some of the DM associated risk factors exist. DM individuals need to be encouraged and motivated for an adequate oral health care. In addition, these results show the importance of adopting multidisciplinary management of DM and of strengthening physicians-dentists relationship focusing on both systemic and on oral cavity conditions of DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Cássia Negrini
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
- Department of Clinical Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Duque
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Karina Sampaio Caiaffa
- Department of Restorative and Preventive Dentistry, Araçatuba Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Alex Arthur
- Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, Dental School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Azzi DV, de Jesus Pereira AN, de Oliveira Silva V, de Carvalho Foureaux R, Lima ARV, Barducci RS, Albuquerque AS, Reis GL, de Oliveira RR, Andrade EF, Zangeronimo MG, Chalfun-Júnior A, Pereira LJ. Dose-response effect of prebiotic ingestion (β-glucans isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in diabetic rats with periodontal disease. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:111. [PMID: 34663444 PMCID: PMC8524835 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00729-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontal disease is one of the most frequent comorbidities in diabetic patients and can contribute to poor blood glucose control. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of ingesting different doses of beta-glucans (BG) isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on alveolar bone loss (ABL) and inflammatory/metabolic parameters in normal and diabetic rats with ligature-induced periodontal disease (PD). DESIGN Sixty male rats were assigned into two groups: non-diabetic or diabetic (i.p. 70 mg/kg streptozotocin) with PD. Then, groups were subdivided into five subgroups according BG doses: 0 mg/Kg; 10 mg/Kg; 20 mg/Kg; 40 mg/Kg or 80 mg/Kg. Animals received BG for 28 days and ligatures were placed on lower first molars during the last 14 days. RESULTS ABL of diabetic and non-diabetic animals receiving BG 40 mg/kg (1.33 ± 0.03 mm and 0.77 ± 0.07 mm, respectively) and 80 mg/kg (1.26 ± 0.07 mm and 0.78 ± 0.05 mm, respectively) doses was lower (p < 0.05) in comparison to respective controls (1.59 ± 0.11 mm and 0.90 mm ±0.08). COX-2 (Control: 1.66 ± 0.12; 40 mg/kg: 1.13 ± 0.07; 80 mg/kg: 0.92 ± 0.18) and RANKL expressions (Control: 1.74 ± 0.34; 40 mg/kg: 1.03 ± 0.29 ;80 mg/kg: 0.75 ± 0.21), together with the RANKL/OPG ratio (Control: 1.17 ± 0.08; 40 mg/kg: 0.67 ± 0.09; 80 mg/kg: 0.63 ± 0.28) were attenuated above the same dose (p < 0.05). BG did not influence (p > 0.05) metabolic parameters in non-diabetic rats. In diabetic animals, doses above 40 mg/kg reduced IL-1β (Control: 387 ± 66; 40 mg/kg: 309 ± 27; 80 mg/kg: 300 ± 14) and TNF-α (Control: 229 ± 19; 40 mg/kg: 128 ± 53; 80 mg/kg: 71 ± 25), blood glucose levels (Control: 402 ± 49; 40 mg/kg: 334 ± 32; 80 mg/kg: 287 ± 56), total cholesterol (Control: 124 ± 8; 40 mg/kg: 120 ± 10; 80 mg/kg: 108 ± 9), LDL-c + VLDL-c (Control: 106 ± 8; 40 mg/kg: 103 ± 10; 80 mg/kg: 87 ± 10) and triacylglycerols (Control: 508 ± 90; 40 mg/kg: 301 ± 40; 80 mg/kg: 208 ± 61), whereas increased HDL-c (Control: 18 ± 0.5; 40 mg/kg: 19 ± 1; 80 mg/kg: 21 ± 1) (p < 0.05). Optimal dose needed to reduce ABL was higher in diabetic animals with PD. CONCLUSIONS BG ingestion reduced ABL and improved inflammatory profile in a dose-dependent manner. Best effects were achieved with doses above 40 mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Vilela Azzi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Viviam de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Andressa Ribeiro Veiga Lima
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil
| | | | - Adriana Silva Albuquerque
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Lasmar Reis
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Eric Francelino Andrade
- Institute of Agrarian Sciences, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM), Unaí, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio Chalfun-Júnior
- Department of Biology, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Department of Health Sciences, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais, 37200-900, Brazil.
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β-Glucans as Dietary Supplement to Improve Locomotion and Mitochondrial Respiration in a Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051619. [PMID: 34065946 PMCID: PMC8151547 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked neuromuscular childhood disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. A lack of dystrophin in DMD leads to inflammatory response, autophagic dysregulation, and oxidative stress in skeletal muscle fibers that play a key role in the progression of the pathology. β-glucans can modulate immune function by modifying the phagocytic activity of immunocompetent cells, notably macrophages. Mitochondrial function is also involved in an important mechanism of the innate and adaptive immune responses, owing to high need for energy of immune cells. In the present study, the effects of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans on five-day-old non-dystrophic and dystrophic (sapje) zebrafish larvae were investigated. The effects of the sonication of β-glucans and the dechorionation of embryos were also evaluated. The results showed that the incidence of dystrophic phenotypes was reduced when dystrophic embryos were exposed to 2 and 4 mg L-1 of 1,3-1,6 β-glucans. Moreover, when the dystrophic larvae underwent 8 mg L-1 treatment, an improvement of the locomotor performances and mitochondrial respiration were observed. In conclusion, the observed results demonstrated that 1,3-1,6 β-glucans improve locomotor performances and mitochondrial function in dystrophic zebrafish. Therefore, for ameliorating their life quality, 1,3-1,6 β-glucans look like a promising diet supplement for DMD patients, even though further investigations are required.
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Biological Effects of β-Glucans on Osteoclastogenesis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26071982. [PMID: 33915775 PMCID: PMC8036280 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26071982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the anti-tumor and anti-infective properties of β-glucans have been well-discussed, their role in bone metabolism has not been reviewed so far. This review discusses the biological effects of β-glucans on bone metabolisms, especially on bone-resorbing osteoclasts, which are differentiated from hematopoietic precursors. Multiple immunoreceptors that can recognize β-glucans were reported to be expressed in osteoclast precursors. Coordinated co-stimulatory signals mediated by these immunoreceptors are important for the regulation of osteoclastogenesis and bone remodeling. Curdlan from the bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis negatively regulates osteoclast differentiation in vitro by affecting both the osteoclast precursors and osteoclast-supporting cells. We also showed that laminarin, lichenan, and glucan from baker’s yeast, as well as β-1,3-glucan from Euglema gracilisas, inhibit the osteoclast formation in bone marrow cells. Consistent with these findings, systemic and local administration of β-glucan derived from Aureobasidium pullulans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae suppressed bone resorption in vivo. However, zymosan derived from S. cerevisiae stimulated the bone resorption activity and is widely used to induce arthritis in animal models. Additional research concerning the relationship between the molecular structure of β-glucan and its effect on osteoclastic bone resorption will be beneficial for the development of novel treatment strategies for bone-related diseases.
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Costa PD, Canaan JCR, Midori Castelo P, Campideli Fonseca D, Márcia Pereira-Dourado S, Mendonça Murata R, Pardi V, José Pereira L. Influence of Micronutrient Intake, Sociodemographic, and Behavioral Factors on Periodontal Status of Adults Assisted by a Public Health Care System in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Multivariate Analysis. Nutrients 2021; 13:973. [PMID: 33802889 PMCID: PMC8002608 DOI: 10.3390/nu13030973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lack of access to a balanced diet, rich in vitamins and minerals, can predispose people to inflammatory diseases such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, and periodontitis. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between micronutrient intake, sociodemographic behavioral characteristics, and periodontal health in adults assisted by a public health care system. Participants (n = 450) answered a food frequency questionnaire and were submitted to anthropometric and oral clinical examinations. Principal component analysis was used to summarize the number of components emerging from 17-micronutrient intake. Subsequently, cluster analysis was employed. The prevalence of at least one periodontal pocket ≥ 4 mm was 67.4%. Three clusters were identified according to periodontal status. Cluster 1 "poor periodontal status" was characterized by older individuals (n = 202; 85% females) with poor periodontal status, lower education level, mainly smokers with non-transmissible chronic diseases (NTCD), with lower energy, omega-3, fiber, Zn, K, Cu, and vitamin C intake. Cluster 3 "healthy periodontal status" included younger individuals (n = 54) with the healthiest periodontal status, a higher education level, without NTCD, and with higher energy, omega-3, fiber, Zn, calcium, retinol, and riboflavin intake. Cluster 2 was labeled as "intermediate periodontal status". Micronutrient ingestion was associated with periodontal status and may be considered in health promotion actions for low-income populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Daniela Costa
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (P.D.C.); (J.C.R.C.); (S.M.P.-D.)
| | - Juliana Cristina Reis Canaan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (P.D.C.); (J.C.R.C.); (S.M.P.-D.)
| | - Paula Midori Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), 09913-030 Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil;
| | | | - Stela Márcia Pereira-Dourado
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (P.D.C.); (J.C.R.C.); (S.M.P.-D.)
| | - Ramiro Mendonça Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), 37200-900 Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil; (P.D.C.); (J.C.R.C.); (S.M.P.-D.)
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Hathaway-Schrader JD, Novince CM. Maintaining homeostatic control of periodontal bone tissue. Periodontol 2000 2021; 86:157-187. [PMID: 33690918 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alveolar bone is a unique osseous tissue due to the proximity of dental plaque biofilms. Periodontal health and homeostasis are mediated by a balanced host immune response to these polymicrobial biofilms. Dysbiotic shifts within dental plaque biofilms can drive a proinflammatory immune response state in the periodontal epithelial and gingival connective tissues, which leads to paracrine signaling to subjacent bone cells. Sustained chronic periodontal inflammation disrupts "coupled" osteoclast-osteoblast actions, which ultimately result in alveolar bone destruction. This chapter will provide an overview of alveolar bone physiology and will highlight why the oral microbiota is a critical regulator of alveolar bone remodeling. The ecology of dental plaque biofilms will be discussed in the context that periodontitis is a polymicrobial disruption of host homeostasis. The pathogenesis of periodontal bone loss will be explained from both a historical and current perspective, providing the opportunity to revisit the role of fibrosis in alveolar bone destruction. Periodontal immune cell interactions with bone cells will be reviewed based on our current understanding of osteoimmunological mechanisms influencing alveolar bone remodeling. Lastly, probiotic and prebiotic interventions in the oral microbiota will be evaluated as potential noninvasive therapies to support alveolar bone homeostasis and prevent periodontal bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D Hathaway-Schrader
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Chad M Novince
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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Thongsiri C, Nagai-Yoshioka Y, Yamasaki R, Adachi Y, Usui M, Nakashima K, Nishihara T, Ariyoshi W. Schizophyllum commune β-glucan: Effect on interleukin-10 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide from periodontopathic bacteria. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 253:117285. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Structure, preparation, modification, and bioactivities of β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 173:445-456. [PMID: 33497691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.01.125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to solve the antibiotic resistance, the research on antibiotic substitutes has received an extensive attention. Many studies have shown that β-glucan and mannan from yeast cell wall have the potential to replace antibiotics for the prevention and treatment of animal diseases, thereby reducing the development and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens. β-Glucan and mannan had a variety of biological functions, including improving the intestinal environment, stimulating innate and acquired immunity, adsorbing mycotoxins, enhancing antioxidant capacity, and so on. The biological activities of β-glucan and mannan can be improved by chemically modifying its primary structure or reducing molecular weight. In this paper, the structure, preparation, modification, and biological activities of β-glucan and mannan were reviewed, which provided future perspectives of β-glucan and mannan.
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Fiorese IFC, Gomes JC, Dos Santos BCC, Wachter F, Piana EA, Brancalhão RMC, Grassioli S, Nassar CA, Nassar PO. Effects of the Association of Periodontitis and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Induced on Periodontal Tissues and the Duodenal Mucosa of Wistar Rats. Inflammation 2020; 44:704-713. [PMID: 33174137 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01369-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Forty Wistar rats were used: (1) control group (CG); (2) group of periodontal disease (PD); (3) type 1 diabetes mellitus group (T1DM); (4) type 1 diabetes mellitus + periodontal disease group (T1DM + PD). In groups T1DM and T1DM + PD, T1DM induction was performed with the administration of streptozotocin (STZ) 80 mg/kg intraperitoneal body weight. The PD and T1DM + PD groups were submitted to PD induction with ligation. After the experimental phase and euthanasia, histological, radiographic, and morphological analyses were performed. For data analysis, was used the one-way ANOVA and post-test Tukey. The T1DM + PD group had a significantly higher level of fasting blood glucose compared to the other groups. In radiographic and histomorphometric analyses, the T1DM + PD group showed greater alveolar bone loss compared to the control group. The T1DM + PD group showed greater osteoclastic activity compared to the control, T1DM, and PD groups and exhibited an intense inflammatory infiltrate, most of which were PMN, being that the amount of this group of cells (PMN) was significantly greater than the PD group. The heights of the intestinal villi were statistically higher in the PD, T1DM, T1DM + PD groups, compared to the control. Regarding the height of the crypt, only the T1DM and T1DM + PD groups were significantly higher compared to the other groups. Association of diabetes and periodontal inflammation increased the deleterious effects on bone tissue and adverse effect on the permeability of the duodenal mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Franciane Wachter
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Ediana Amanda Piana
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Rose Meire Costa Brancalhão
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Grassioli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, State University of Western Paraná, Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Carlos Augusto Nassar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, State University of Western Paraná, Torres Avenue, Number 200, House 249, FAG, Cascavel, Paraná, Postal Code 85806-095, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Oehlmeyer Nassar
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, State University of Western Paraná, Torres Avenue, Number 200, House 249, FAG, Cascavel, Paraná, Postal Code 85806-095, Brazil.
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Molecular Mechanism of Functional Ingredients in Barley to Combat Human Chronic Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3836172. [PMID: 32318238 PMCID: PMC7149453 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3836172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Barley plays an important role in health and civilization of human migration from Africa to Asia, later to Eurasia. We demonstrated the systematic mechanism of functional ingredients in barley to combat chronic diseases, based on PubMed, CNKI, and ISI Web of Science databases from 2004 to 2020. Barley and its extracts are rich in 30 ingredients to combat more than 20 chronic diseases, which include the 14 similar and 9 different chronic diseases between grains and grass, due to the major molecular mechanism of six functional ingredients of barley grass (GABA, flavonoids, SOD, K-Ca, vitamins, and tryptophan) and grains (β-glucans, polyphenols, arabinoxylan, phytosterols, tocols, and resistant starch). The antioxidant activity of barley grass and grain has the same and different functional components. These results support findings that barley grain and its grass are the best functional food, promoting ancient Babylonian and Egyptian civilizations, and further show the depending functional ingredients for diet from Pliocene hominids in Africa and Neanderthals in Europe to modern humans in the world. This review paper not only reveals the formation and action mechanism of barley diet overcoming human chronic diseases, but also provides scientific basis for the development of health products and drugs for the prevention and treatment of human chronic diseases.
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de Sales Guilarducci J, Marcelino BAR, Konig IFM, Orlando TM, Varaschin MS, Pereira LJ. Therapeutic effects of different doses of prebiotic (isolated from S accharomyces cerevisiae) in comparison to n-3 supplement on glycemic control, lipid profiles and immunological response in diabetic rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2020; 12:69. [PMID: 32793305 PMCID: PMC7418400 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-020-00576-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The regular intake of fiber generates numerous health benefits. However, the efficacy depends on the duration of consumption and the ingested dose. Studies investigating the optimal dose are of interest to enable the inclusion of fiber in the routine treatment of diabetic patients. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the effects of different doses of β-glucan (BG-isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae), in comparison to n-3 supplement, on the inflammatory and metabolic parameters of Wistar rats induced to diabetes by streptozotocin. METHODS Forty animals were randomly divided into six groups receiving 0 mg/kg, 10 mg/kg, 20 mg/kg, or 40 mg/kg BG daily for 4 weeks or fish oil derivative [1000 mg/kg of omega-3 fatty acids (n-3)] for the same period. One additional group was composed of healthy controls. Serum metabolic and immunological parameters were evaluated by colorimetric and ELISA assays respectively. Histopathological analysis of the liver, small intestine and pancreas were also conducted. Significant changes due to BG intake were set into regression models with second-degree fit in order to estimate the optimal BG dose to achieve health benefits. RESULTS The animals that ingested BG had lower food and water intake (p < 0.05) than the negative control group (0 mg/kg). However, consumption was still elevated in comparison to healthy controls. Blood glucose and serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-c, and TG (p < 0.05) reduced in comparison to diabetic animals without treatment (better or similar to n-3 group depending on dose), but did not reach normal levels (in comparison to healthy controls). HDL-c was not different (p > 0.05) among all groups. These reductions were already seen with the lowest dose of 10 mg/kg. On average, the serum levels of the hepatic enzymes ALT and AST were 40% and 60% lower in the BG groups in comparison to diabetic animals without treatment (better results than n-3 group). The group receiving 40 mg/kg reached similar values of healthy controls for ALT; whereas the same result occurred from the dose of 10 mg/kg for AST. The ideal dose, estimated from the mean of all metabolic parameters was approximately 30 mg/kg/day. Regarding the immunological profile, TNF-α significantly decreased in the BG groups compared to controls (p < 0.05), reaching better values than n-3 group and similar to healthy controls. No significant differences were found between the groups in IL-1β or IL-10 (p > 0.05). No histological changes were found in the pancreas, liver, or intestine due to treatment among diabetic animals. CONCLUSIONS BG significantly reduced blood glucose as well as serum total cholesterol, LDL-c and TG. There was a hepatoprotective effect due to the reduction in ALT and AST and a reduction in TNF-α, indicating a modulation of the immune response. In general, BG effects were better than n-3 supplement (or at least comparable) depending on the dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina de Sales Guilarducci
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde – DSA, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
| | | | - Isaac Filipe Moreira Konig
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde – DSA, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Tamira Maria Orlando
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde – DSA, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Mary Suzan Varaschin
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde – DSA, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
- Departamente de Medicina Veterinária – DMV, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
| | - Luciano José Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde – DSA, Universidade Federal de Lavras – UFLA, 3037, Lavras, 37200-000 Brazil
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17
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Eaimworawuthikul S, Tunapong W, Chunchai T, Suntornsaratoon P, Charoenphandhu N, Thiennimitr P, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Altered gut microbiota ameliorates bone pathology in the mandible of obese-insulin-resistant rats. Eur J Nutr 2019; 59:1453-1462. [PMID: 31123863 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The chronic consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) induces obese-insulin resistance and impairs jawbone health via gut dysbiosis-stimulated inflammatory process. Our previous studies demonstrated that the probiotic Lactobacillus paracasei HII01, prebiotic xylooligosaccharide (XOS), and synbiotics improved several vital organ functions by reducing gut dysbiosis in HFD-induced obese rats. However, the impacts on the cellular level of jawbone microarchitecture have not been examined. Here, we hypothesized that the supplementation of L. paracasei HII01, XOS, and synbiotics ameliorated the bone microarchitectural pathology in HFD-fed rats by reducing systemic inflammation and other metabolic parameters. METHODS The dietary regimes (normal or high-fat diet) were provided to 48 male Wistar rats throughout 24-week experiment. After week 12, rats were given either a vehicle, pro-, pre-, or synbiotic for an additional 12 weeks before being killed. Then, blood analyses and bone histomorphometry of the jawbones were performed. RESULTS The HFD-fed rats developed obese-insulin resistance with significantly elevated systemic inflammation. Bone histomorphometry of these rats showed a decrease in trabecular thickness with increased osteoclasts and active erosion surfaces. Mineral apposition and bone-formation rates were also remarkably diminished. The treatment with pro-, pre-, and synbiotics equally improved metabolic disturbance, reduced systemic inflammation, increased trabecular thickness, decreased osteoclasts and active erosion surfaces and restored mineral apposition and bone-formation rates. CONCLUSION The probiotic L. paracasei HII01, prebiotic XOS, and the synbiotics had similarly beneficial effects to improve jawbone microarchitecture in HFD-fed rats by possibly ameliorating osteoclast-related bone resorption and potentiating bone-formation activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathima Eaimworawuthikul
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.,Neurophysiology Unit, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Wannipa Tunapong
- Neurophysiology Unit, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Panan Suntornsaratoon
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Narattaphol Charoenphandhu
- Center of Calcium and Bone Research (COCAB), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.,Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.,The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of Thailand, Dusit, Bangkok, 10300, Thailand
| | - Parameth Thiennimitr
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. .,Neurophysiology Unit, Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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Physical Exercise Improves Glycemic and Inflammatory Profile and Attenuates Progression of Periodontitis in Diabetic Rats (HFD/STZ). Nutrients 2018; 10:nu10111702. [PMID: 30405072 PMCID: PMC6265772 DOI: 10.3390/nu10111702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The authors aimed to evaluate the effects of physical exercise on the metabolism and progression of periodontal disease (PD), induced by ligature in diabetic rats induced by high fat diet and streptozotocin (HFD/STZ). Diabetes Mellitus (DM) was induced by four weeks of a hyperlipidic diet associated with a single low-dose of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg/animal). The exercise groups swam for 60 min/day for eight weeks (five times/week). In the last two weeks of exercise, a ligature was placed around the right and left mandibular first molars. The authors determined alveolar bone loss by morphometry. Blood biochemical profile and serum levels of IL-10 and TNF-α were evaluated by colorimetric and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), respectively. The diabetic animals subjected to exercise showed decreased alveolar bone loss, lower glycemia, triacylglycerols and glycosylated hemoglobin levels than the controls. Total cholesterol and its fractions (High density lipoprotein—HDL-c, Low density lipoprotein—LDL-c and Very low density lipoprotein—VLDL-c) remained similar among the groups. Animals with PD showed higher levels of TNF-α and lower levels of IL-10, when compared to animals without PD. In diabetic animals with PD, physical exercise decreased TNF-α levels and increased IL-10 levels as well as the IL10/TNF-α ratio. In conclusion, eight weeks of physical exercise improved glycemic control and systemic inflammatory profile, and attenuated alveolar bone loss in rats with DM and PD.
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