1
|
Jacob AT, Ziegler BM, Farha SM, Vivian LR, Zilinski CA, Armstrong AR, Burdette AJ, Beachboard DC, Stobart CC. Sin Nombre Virus and the Emergence of Other Hantaviruses: A Review of the Biology, Ecology, and Disease of a Zoonotic Pathogen. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1413. [PMID: 37998012 PMCID: PMC10669331 DOI: 10.3390/biology12111413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is an emerging virus that was first discovered in the Four Corners region of the United States in 1993. The virus causes a disease known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), sometimes called Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS), a life-threatening illness named for the predominance of infection of pulmonary endothelial cells. SNV is one of several rodent-borne hantaviruses found in the western hemisphere with the capability of causing this disease. The primary reservoir of SNV is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), and the virus is transmitted primarily through aerosolized rodent excreta and secreta. Here, we review the history of SNV emergence and its virus biology and relationship to other New World hantaviruses, disease, treatment, and prevention options.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew T. Jacob
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | | | - Stefania M. Farha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Lyla R. Vivian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Cora A. Zilinski
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | | | - Andrew J. Burdette
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| | - Dia C. Beachboard
- Department of Biology, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA
| | - Christopher C. Stobart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
- Interdisciplinary Program in Public Health, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cintron R, Whitmer SLM, Moscoso E, Campbell EM, Kelly R, Talundzic E, Mobley M, Chiu KW, Shedroff E, Shankar A, Montgomery JM, Klena JD, Switzer WM. HantaNet: A New MicrobeTrace Application for Hantavirus Classification, Genomic Surveillance, Epidemiology and Outbreak Investigations. Viruses 2023; 15:2208. [PMID: 38005885 PMCID: PMC10675615 DOI: 10.3390/v15112208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses zoonotically infect humans worldwide with pathogenic consequences and are mainly spread by rodents that shed aerosolized virus particles in urine and feces. Bioinformatics methods for hantavirus diagnostics, genomic surveillance and epidemiology are currently lacking a comprehensive approach for data sharing, integration, visualization, analytics and reporting. With the possibility of hantavirus cases going undetected and spreading over international borders, a significant reporting delay can miss linked transmission events and impedes timely, targeted public health interventions. To overcome these challenges, we built HantaNet, a standalone visualization engine for hantavirus genomes that facilitates viral surveillance and classification for early outbreak detection and response. HantaNet is powered by MicrobeTrace, a browser-based multitool originally developed at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to visualize HIV clusters and transmission networks. HantaNet integrates coding gene sequences and standardized metadata from hantavirus reference genomes into three separate gene modules for dashboard visualization of phylogenetic trees, viral strain clusters for classification, epidemiological networks and spatiotemporal analysis. We used 85 hantavirus reference datasets from GenBank to validate HantaNet as a classification and enhanced visualization tool, and as a public repository to download standardized sequence data and metadata for building analytic datasets. HantaNet is a model on how to deploy MicrobeTrace-specific tools to advance pathogen surveillance, epidemiology and public health globally.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roxana Cintron
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (A.S.); (W.M.S.)
| | - Shannon L. M. Whitmer
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - Evan Moscoso
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (E.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Ellsworth M. Campbell
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (A.S.); (W.M.S.)
| | - Reagan Kelly
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (E.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Emir Talundzic
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - Melissa Mobley
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - Kuo Wei Chiu
- General Dynamics Information Technology, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; (E.M.); (R.K.)
| | - Elizabeth Shedroff
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - Anupama Shankar
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (A.S.); (W.M.S.)
| | - Joel M. Montgomery
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - John D. Klena
- Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (M.M.); (E.S.); (J.D.K.)
| | - William M. Switzer
- Laboratory Branch, Division of HIV Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA (A.S.); (W.M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen RX, Gong HY, Wang X, Sun MH, Ji YF, Tan SM, Chen JM, Shao JW, Liao M. Zoonotic Hantaviridae with Global Public Health Significance. Viruses 2023; 15:1705. [PMID: 37632047 PMCID: PMC10459939 DOI: 10.3390/v15081705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviridae currently encompasses seven genera and 53 species. Multiple hantaviruses such as Hantaan virus, Seoul virus, Dobrava-Belgrade virus, Puumala virus, Andes virus, and Sin Nombre virus are highly pathogenic to humans. They cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HCPS/HPS) in many countries. Some hantaviruses infect wild or domestic animals without causing severe symptoms. Rodents, shrews, and bats are reservoirs of various mammalian hantaviruses. Recent years have witnessed significant advancements in the study of hantaviruses including genomics, taxonomy, evolution, replication, transmission, pathogenicity, control, and patient treatment. Additionally, new hantaviruses infecting bats, rodents, shrews, amphibians, and fish have been identified. This review compiles these advancements to aid researchers and the public in better recognizing this zoonotic virus family with global public health significance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Xu Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Huan-Yu Gong
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Xiu Wang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Ming-Hui Sun
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Yu-Fei Ji
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Su-Mei Tan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Ji-Ming Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Jian-Wei Shao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, China; (R.-X.C.); (H.-Y.G.); (X.W.); (M.-H.S.); (Y.-F.J.); (S.-M.T.)
| | - Ming Liao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510230, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zimmermann L, Chlanda P. Cryo-electron tomography of viral infection - from applications to biosafety. Curr Opin Virol 2023; 61:101338. [PMID: 37348443 DOI: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Cellular cryo-electron tomography (cryo-ET) offers 3D snapshots at molecular resolution capturing pivotal steps during viral infection. However, tomogram quality depends on the vitrification level of the sample and its thickness. In addition, mandatory inactivation protocols to assure biosafety when handling highly pathogenic viruses during cryo-ET can compromise sample preservation. Here, we focus on different strategies applied in cryo-ET and discuss their advantages and limitations with reference to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 studies. We highlight the importance of virus-like particle (VLP) and replicon systems to study virus assembly and replication in a cellular context without inactivation protocols. We discuss the application of chemical fixation and different irradiation methods in cryo-ET sample preparation and acquisition workflows.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liv Zimmermann
- Schaller Research Groups, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Petr Chlanda
- Schaller Research Groups, Department of Infectious Diseases, Virology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Characterization of a Panel of Cross-Reactive Hantavirus Nucleocapsid Protein-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020532. [PMID: 36851747 PMCID: PMC9958643 DOI: 10.3390/v15020532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are emerging pathogens with a worldwide distribution that can cause life-threatening diseases in humans. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against hantavirus nucleocapsid (N) proteins are important tools in virus diagnostics, epidemiological studies and basic research studies on virus replication and pathogenesis. Here, we extend the collection of previously generated MAbs raised against a segment of Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) N protein harbored on virus-like particles (VLPs) and MAbs against N proteins of Sin Nombre orthohantavirus/Andes orthohantavirus by generating nine novel MAbs against N proteins of Dobrava-Belgrade orthohantavirus (DOBV), Tula orthohantavirus (TULV), Thottapalayam thottimvirus (TPMV) and PUUV. In order to have a wide collection of well-described hantavirus-specific MAbs, the cross-reactivity of novel and previously generated MAbs was determined against N proteins of 15 rodent- and shrew-borne hantaviruses by different immunological methods. We found that all MAbs, excluding TPMV-specific MAbs, demonstrated different cross-reactivity patterns with N proteins of hantaviruses and recognized native viral antigens in infected mammalian cells. This well-characterized collection of cross-reactive hantavirus-specific MAbs has a potential application in various fields of hantavirus research, diagnostics and therapy.
Collapse
|
6
|
Gallo G, Kotlik P, Roingeard P, Monot M, Chevreux G, Ulrich RG, Tordo N, Ermonval M. Diverse susceptibilities and responses of human and rodent cells to orthohantavirus infection reveal different levels of cellular restriction. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2022; 16:e0010844. [PMID: 36223391 PMCID: PMC9591050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0010844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses are rodent-borne emerging viruses that may cause severe diseases in humans but no apparent pathology in their small mammal reservoirs. However, the mechanisms leading to tolerance or pathogenicity in humans and persistence in rodent reservoirs are poorly understood, as is the manner in which they spread within and between organisms. Here, we used a range of cellular and molecular approaches to investigate the interactions of three different orthohantaviruses-Puumala virus (PUUV), responsible for a mild to moderate form of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in humans, Tula virus (TULV) with low pathogenicity, and non-pathogenic Prospect Hill virus (PHV)-with human and rodent host cell lines. Besides the fact that cell susceptibility to virus infection was shown to depend on the cell type and virus strain, the three orthohantaviruses were able to infect Vero E6 and HuH7 human cells, but only the former secreted infectious particles. In cells derived from PUUV reservoir, the bank vole (Myodes glareolus), PUUV achieved a complete viral cycle, while TULV did not enter the cells and PHV infected them but did not produce infectious particles, reflecting differences in host specificity. A search for mature virions by electron microscopy (EM) revealed that TULV assembly occurred in part at the plasma membrane, whereas PHV particles were trapped in autophagic vacuoles in cells of the heterologous rodent host. We described differential interactions of orthohantaviruses with cellular factors, as supported by the cellular distribution of viral nucleocapsid protein with cell compartments, and proteomics identification of cellular partners. Our results also showed that interferon (IFN) dependent gene expression was regulated in a cell and virus species dependent manner. Overall, our study highlighted the complexity of the host-virus relationship and demonstrated that orthohantaviruses are restricted at different levels of the viral cycle. In addition, the study opens new avenues to further investigate how these viruses differ in their interactions with cells to evade innate immunity and how it depends on tissue type and host species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Gallo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de Virologie, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Ecole Doctorale Complexité du Vivant, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (ME); (GG)
| | - Petr Kotlik
- Laboratory of Molecular Ecology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Liběchov, Czech Republic
| | - Philippe Roingeard
- INSERM U1259 et plateforme IBISA de Microscopie Electronique, Université et CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - Marc Monot
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biomics Platform, C2RT, Paris, France
| | | | - Rainer G. Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Noël Tordo
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de Virologie, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Paris, France
- Institut Pasteur de Guinée, Conakry, Guinée
| | - Myriam Ermonval
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Département de Virologie, Unité des Stratégies Antivirales, Paris, France
- * E-mail: (ME); (GG)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang D, Fu S, Wu H, Cao M, Liu L, Zhou X, Wu J. Discovery and Genomic Function of a Novel Rice Dwarf-Associated Bunya-like Virus. Viruses 2022; 14:v14061183. [PMID: 35746655 PMCID: PMC9228739 DOI: 10.3390/v14061183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Bunyaviruses cause diseases in vertebrates, arthropods, and plants. Here, we used high-throughput RNA-seq to identify a bunya-like virus in rice plants showing the dwarfing symptom, which was tentatively named rice dwarf-associated bunya-like virus (RDaBV). The RDaBV genome consists of L, M, and S segments. The L segment has 6562 nt, and encodes an RdRp with a conserved Bunya_RdRp super family domain. The M segment has 1667 nt and encodes a nonstructural protein (NS). The complementary strand of the 1120 nt S segment encodes a nucleocapsid protein (N), while its viral strand encodes a small nonstructural protein (NSs). The amino acid (aa) sequence identities of RdRp, NS, and N between RDaBV and viruses from the family Discoviridae were the highest. Surprisingly, the RDaBV NSs protein did not match any viral proteins. Phylogenetic analysis based on RdRp indicated that RDaBV is evolutionarily close to viruses in the family Discoviridae. The PVX-expressed system indicated that RDaBV N and NS may be symptom determinants of RDaBV. Our movement complementation and callose staining experiment results confirmed that RDaBV NSs is a viral movement protein in plants, while an agro-infiltration experiment found that RDaBV NS is an RNA silencing suppressor. Thus, we determined that RDaBV is a novel rice-infecting bunya-like virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.W.); (S.F.); (H.W.)
| | - Shuai Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.W.); (S.F.); (H.W.)
| | - Hongyue Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.W.); (S.F.); (H.W.)
| | - Mengji Cao
- National Citrus Engineering and Technology Research Center, Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 400712, China;
| | - Li Liu
- The Department of Applied Engineering, Zhejiang Economic and Trade Polytechnic, Hangzhou 310018, China;
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.W.); (S.F.); (H.W.)
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianxiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; (D.W.); (S.F.); (H.W.)
- Correspondence: (X.Z.); (J.W.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mittler E, Wec AZ, Tynell J, Guardado-Calvo P, Wigren-Byström J, Polanco LC, O’Brien CM, Slough MM, Abelson DM, Serris A, Sakharkar M, Pehau-Arnaudet G, Bakken RR, Geoghegan JC, Jangra RK, Keller M, Zeitlin L, Vapalahti O, Ulrich RG, Bornholdt ZA, Ahlm C, Rey FA, Dye JM, Bradfute SB, Strandin T, Herbert AS, Forsell MN, Walker LM, Chandran K. Human antibody recognizing a quaternary epitope in the Puumala virus glycoprotein provides broad protection against orthohantaviruses. Sci Transl Med 2022; 14:eabl5399. [PMID: 35294259 PMCID: PMC9805701 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abl5399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The rodent-borne hantavirus Puumala virus (PUUV) and related agents cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. Other hantaviruses, including Andes virus (ANDV) and Sin Nombre virus, cause a distinct zoonotic disease, hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). Although these infections are severe and have substantial case fatality rates, no FDA-approved hantavirus countermeasures are available. Recent work suggests that monoclonal antibodies may have therapeutic utility. We describe here the isolation of human neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) against tetrameric Gn/Gc glycoprotein spikes from PUUV-experienced donors. We define a dominant class of nAbs recognizing the "capping loop" of Gn that masks the hydrophobic fusion loops in Gc. A subset of nAbs in this class, including ADI-42898, bound Gn/Gc complexes but not Gn alone, strongly suggesting that they recognize a quaternary epitope encompassing both Gn and Gc. ADI-42898 blocked the cell entry of seven HCPS- and HFRS-associated hantaviruses, and single doses of this nAb could protect Syrian hamsters and bank voles challenged with the highly virulent HCPS-causing ANDV and HFRS-causing PUUV, respectively. ADI-42898 is a promising candidate for clinical development as a countermeasure for both HCPS and HFRS, and its mode of Gn/Gc recognition informs the development of broadly protective hantavirus vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Mittler
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Janne Tynell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University; Umeå, Sweden.,Zoonosis Unit, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pablo Guardado-Calvo
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur; Paris 75724, France
| | | | - Laura C. Polanco
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Cecilia M. O’Brien
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA.,The Geneva Foundation; Tacoma, WA 98402, USA
| | - Megan M. Slough
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | | | - Alexandra Serris
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur; Paris 75724, France
| | | | - Gerard Pehau-Arnaudet
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur; Paris 75724, France
| | - Russell R. Bakken
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | - Rohit K. Jangra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Markus Keller
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Larry Zeitlin
- Mapp Biopharmaceutical, Inc.; San Diego, CA 92121, USA
| | - Olli Vapalahti
- Zoonosis Unit, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland.,Veterinary Biosciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rainer G. Ulrich
- Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health; 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.,Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Partner site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems; Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | | | - Clas Ahlm
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University; Umeå, Sweden
| | - Felix A. Rey
- Structural Virology Unit, Department of Virology, Institut Pasteur; Paris 75724, France
| | - John M. Dye
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Steven B. Bradfute
- University of New Mexico Health Science Center, Center for Global Health, Department of Internal Medicine; Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Tomas Strandin
- Zoonosis Unit, Department of Virology, University of Helsinki; Helsinki, Finland.,Correspondence: (T.S.), (A.S.H.), (M.N.E.F.), (L.M.W.), (K.C.)
| | - Andrew S. Herbert
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases; Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA.,The Geneva Foundation; Tacoma, WA 98402, USA.,Correspondence: (T.S.), (A.S.H.), (M.N.E.F.), (L.M.W.), (K.C.)
| | - Mattias N.E. Forsell
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University; Umeå, Sweden.,Correspondence: (T.S.), (A.S.H.), (M.N.E.F.), (L.M.W.), (K.C.)
| | - Laura M. Walker
- Adimab, LLC; Lebanon, NH 03766, USA.,Adagio Therapeutics, Inc.; Waltham, MA 02451, USA.,Correspondence: (T.S.), (A.S.H.), (M.N.E.F.), (L.M.W.), (K.C.)
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Bronx, NY 10461, USA.,Correspondence: (T.S.), (A.S.H.), (M.N.E.F.), (L.M.W.), (K.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Meier K, Thorkelsson SR, Quemin ERJ, Rosenthal M. Hantavirus Replication Cycle-An Updated Structural Virology Perspective. Viruses 2021; 13:1561. [PMID: 34452426 PMCID: PMC8402763 DOI: 10.3390/v13081561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Revised: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses infect a wide range of hosts including insectivores and rodents and can also cause zoonotic infections in humans, which can lead to severe disease with possible fatal outcomes. Hantavirus outbreaks are usually linked to the population dynamics of the host animals and their habitats being in close proximity to humans, which is becoming increasingly important in a globalized world. Currently there is neither an approved vaccine nor a specific and effective antiviral treatment available for use in humans. Hantaviruses belong to the order Bunyavirales with a tri-segmented negative-sense RNA genome. They encode only five viral proteins and replicate and transcribe their genome in the cytoplasm of infected cells. However, many details of the viral amplification cycle are still unknown. In recent years, structural biology methods such as cryo-electron tomography, cryo-electron microscopy, and crystallography have contributed essentially to our understanding of virus entry by membrane fusion as well as genome encapsidation by the nucleoprotein. In this review, we provide an update on the hantavirus replication cycle with a special focus on structural virology aspects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Meier
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Sigurdur R. Thorkelsson
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Emmanuelle R. J. Quemin
- Centre for Structural Systems Biology, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, University of Hamburg, 22607 Hamburg, Germany;
| | - Maria Rosenthal
- Department of Virology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, 20359 Hamburg, Germany;
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, 22525 Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Saavedra F, Díaz FE, Retamal‐Díaz A, Covián C, González PA, Kalergis AM. Immune response during hantavirus diseases: implications for immunotherapies and vaccine design. Immunology 2021; 163:262-277. [PMID: 33638192 PMCID: PMC8207335 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthohantaviruses, previously named hantaviruses, cause two emerging zoonotic diseases: haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Eurasia and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) in the Americas. Overall, over 200 000 cases are registered every year worldwide, with a fatality rate ranging between 0·1% and 15% for HFRS and between 20% and 40% for HCPS. No specific treatment or vaccines have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat or prevent hantavirus-caused syndromes. Currently, little is known about the mechanisms at the basis of hantavirus-induced disease. However, it has been hypothesized that an excessive inflammatory response plays an essential role in the course of the disease. Furthermore, the contributions of the cellular immune response to either viral clearance or pathology have not been fully elucidated. This article discusses recent findings relative to the immune responses elicited to hantaviruses in subjects suffering HFRS or HCPS, highlighting the similarities and differences between these two clinical diseases. Also, we summarize the most recent data about the cellular immune response that could be important for designing new vaccines to prevent this global public health problem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farides Saavedra
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Fabián E. Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Angello Retamal‐Díaz
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Camila Covián
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Pablo A. González
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| | - Alexis M. Kalergis
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de Genética Molecular y MicrobiologíaFacultad de Ciencias BiológicasPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
- Millennium Institute on Immunology and ImmunotherapyDepartamento de EndocrinologíaFacultad de MedicinaEscuela de MedicinaPontificia Universidad Católica de ChileSantiagoChile
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Engdahl TB, Kuzmina NA, Ronk AJ, Mire CE, Hyde MA, Kose N, Josleyn MD, Sutton RE, Mehta A, Wolters RM, Lloyd NM, Valdivieso FR, Ksiazek TG, Hooper JW, Bukreyev A, Crowe JE. Broad and potently neutralizing monoclonal antibodies isolated from human survivors of New World hantavirus infection. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109086. [PMID: 33951434 PMCID: PMC8142553 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
New World hantaviruses (NWHs) are endemic in North and South America and cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS), with a case fatality rate of up to 40%. Knowledge of the natural humoral immune response to NWH infection is limited. Here, we describe human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) isolated from individuals previously infected with Sin Nombre virus (SNV) or Andes virus (ANDV). Most SNV-reactive antibodies show broad recognition and cross-neutralization of both New and Old World hantaviruses, while many ANDV-reactive antibodies show activity for ANDV only. mAbs ANDV-44 and SNV-53 compete for binding to a distinct site on the ANDV surface glycoprotein and show potently neutralizing activity to New and Old World hantaviruses. Four mAbs show therapeutic efficacy at clinically relevant doses in hamsters. These studies reveal a convergent and potently neutralizing human antibody response to NWHs and suggest therapeutic potential for human mAbs against HCPS. Engdahl et al. show that monoclonal antibodies isolated from human survivors of New World hantavirus infection display broad and potent neutralization across hantavirus species and recognize distinct sites on the glycoprotein spike. Multiple antibodies demonstrate potential therapeutic candidates for New World hantavirus infection. Some antibodies also neutralized Old World hantaviruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taylor B Engdahl
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Natalia A Kuzmina
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Adam J Ronk
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Chad E Mire
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA; Animal Resource Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Matthew A Hyde
- Animal Resource Center, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nurgun Kose
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Matthew D Josleyn
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Rachel E Sutton
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Apoorva Mehta
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rachael M Wolters
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Nicole M Lloyd
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Francisca R Valdivieso
- Programa Hantavirus, Instituto de Ciencias e Innovación en Medicina (ICIM), Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7590943, Chile
| | - Thomas G Ksiazek
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA
| | - Jay W Hooper
- Virology Division, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Alexander Bukreyev
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Galveston National Laboratory, Galveston, TX 77550, USA.
| | - James E Crowe
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Taylor MK, Williams EP, Wongsurawat T, Jenjaroenpun P, Nookaew I, Jonsson CB. Amplicon-Based, Next-Generation Sequencing Approaches to Characterize Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms of Orthohantavirus Species. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:565591. [PMID: 33163416 PMCID: PMC7591466 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.565591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of viruses from patient or environmental samples can provide tremendous insight into the epidemiology, drug resistance or evolution of a virus. However, we face two common hurdles in obtaining robust sequence information; the low copy number of viral genomes in specimens and the error introduced by WGS techniques. To optimize detection and minimize error in WGS of hantaviruses, we tested four amplification approaches and different amplicon pooling methods for library preparation and examined these preparations using two sequencing platforms, Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore Technologies MinION. First, we tested and optimized primers used for whole segment PCR or one kilobase amplicon amplification for even coverage using RNA isolated from the supernatant of virus-infected cells. Once optimized we assessed two sources of total RNA, virus-infected cells and supernatant from the virus-infected cells, with four variations of primer pooling for amplicons, and six different amplification approaches. We show that 99–100% genome coverage was obtained using a one-step RT-PCR reaction with one forward and reverse primer. Using a two-step RT-PCR with three distinct tiling approaches for the three genomic segments (vRNAs), we optimized primer pooling approaches for PCR amplification to achieve a greater number of aligned reads, average depth of genome, and genome coverage. The single nucleotide polymorphisms identified from MiSeq and MinION sequencing suggested intrinsic mutation frequencies of ~10−5-10−7 per genome and 10−4-10−5 per genome, respectively. We noted no difference in the coverage or accuracy when comparing WGS results with amplicons amplified from RNA extracted from infected cells or supernatant of these infected cells. Our results show that high-throughput diagnostics requiring the identification of hantavirus species or strains can be performed using MiSeq or MinION using a one-step approach. However, the two-step MiSeq approach outperformed the MinION in coverage depth and accuracy, and hence would be superior for assessment of genomes for epidemiology or evolutionary questions using the methods developed herein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariah K Taylor
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Evan P Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Thidathip Wongsurawat
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Piroon Jenjaroenpun
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, United States
| | - Colleen B Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parvate A, Sengupta R, Williams EP, Xue Y, Chu YK, Stahelin RV, Jonsson CB. Cryofixation of Inactivated Hantavirus-Infected Cells as a Method for Obtaining High-Quality Ultrastructural Preservation for Electron Microscopic Studies. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:580339. [PMID: 33240823 PMCID: PMC7677528 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.580339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses rewire the host cell and induce extensive membrane rearrangements for their replication and the morphogenesis of the virion. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is a powerful technique for imaging these pathological membrane changes especially when combined with large volume electron tomography. Excellent preservation of membrane structure can be obtained when chemical fixation is combined with cryofixation via high pressure freezing making the samples amenable to serial-section tomographic reconstruction. Taking advantage of this, we have optimized a hybrid method that employs aldehyde fixation, a step that is essential for virus inactivation, followed by high-pressure freezing for ultrastructural study of Hantaan (HTN) and Andes (AND) virus infected Vero E6 cells. HTNV and ANDV are two species of the Orthohantavirus, from the Old and New World, respectively, and the causative agents of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in humans. We applied the method for the qualitative assessment of the perturbation of the endomembrane system induced by HTNV and ANDV in infected vs. mock-infected cells. Screening of serial-sections revealed consistency of membrane preservation across large volumes indicating potential of these samples for tomographic studies. Images revealed large-scale perturbations of the endomembrane system following HTNV-infection that included the dilation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum and fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus. Infected cells exhibited a tendency to accumulate large numbers of vacuoles that were especially apparent in ANDV. In summary, our hybrid method provides a path for the study of BSL-3 pathogens using cutting edge 3D-imaging technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amar Parvate
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Ranjan Sengupta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Evan P. Williams
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yi Xue
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Yong-Kyu Chu
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Robert V. Stahelin
- Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology and the Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States
| | - Colleen B. Jonsson
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Hantaviruses are pathogens that sometimes pass from animals to humans, and they are found in parts of Europe, Asia, and North and South America. When human infection occurs, these viruses can cause kidney or lung failure, and as many as 40% of infected people die. Currently, there are no vaccines or therapeutics for hantavirus-related diseases available. A first step in developing prevention measures is determining what type of immune response is protective. Increasingly it has become clear that the induction of a type of response called a neutralizing antibody response is critical for protection from severe disease. Although virologists first described this family of viruses in the 1950s, there is limited information on what features on the surface of hantaviruses are recognized by the immune system. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of this information, which is critical for the design of effective therapeutics and vaccines. Hantaviruses are zoonotic pathogens found in parts of Europe, Asia, South America, and North America, which can cause renal and respiratory failure with fatality rates up to 40%. There are currently no FDA-approved vaccines or therapeutics for hantavirus-related diseases; however, it is evident that a robust neutralizing antibody response is critical for protection from severe disease. Although virologists first described this family of viruses in the 1950s, there is limited information on the neutralizing epitopes that exist on the hantavirus antigenic glycoproteins, Gn and Gc, and sites important for the design of effective therapeutics and vaccines. We provide a thorough summary of the hantavirus field from an immunological perspective. In particular, we discuss our current structural knowledge of antigenic proteins Gn and Gc, identification of B cell neutralizing epitopes, previously isolated monoclonal antibodies and their cross-reactivity between different hantavirus strains, and current developments toward vaccines and therapeutics. We conclude with some outstanding questions in the field and emphasize the need for additional studies of the human antibody response to hantavirus infection. IMPORTANCE Hantaviruses are pathogens that sometimes pass from animals to humans, and they are found in parts of Europe, Asia, and North and South America. When human infection occurs, these viruses can cause kidney or lung failure, and as many as 40% of infected people die. Currently, there are no vaccines or therapeutics for hantavirus-related diseases available. A first step in developing prevention measures is determining what type of immune response is protective. Increasingly it has become clear that the induction of a type of response called a neutralizing antibody response is critical for protection from severe disease. Although virologists first described this family of viruses in the 1950s, there is limited information on what features on the surface of hantaviruses are recognized by the immune system. Here, we review the current state of knowledge of this information, which is critical for the design of effective therapeutics and vaccines.
Collapse
|
15
|
Meeting report: Eleventh International Conference on Hantaviruses. Antiviral Res 2020; 176:104733. [PMID: 32068071 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The 2019 11th International Conference on Hantaviruses (ICH 2019) was organized by the International Society for Hantaviruses (ISH), and held on September 1-4, 2019, at the Irish College, in Leuven, Belgium. These ICHs have been held every three years since 1989. ICH 2019 was attended by 158 participants from 33 countries. The current report summarizes research presented on all aspects of hantavirology: ecology; pathogenesis and immune responses; virus phylogeny, replication and morphogenesis; epidemiology; vaccines, therapeutics and prevention; and clinical aspects and diagnosis.
Collapse
|