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Cheon GJ, Park HS, Lee EY, Kim MJ, You YH, Rhee M, Kim JW, Yoon KH. Differentiation of Microencapsulated Neonatal Porcine Pancreatic Cell Clusters in Vitro Improves Transplant Efficacy in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Mice. Diabetes Metab J 2022; 46:677-688. [PMID: 35124687 PMCID: PMC9532182 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2021.0202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal porcine pancreatic cell clusters (NPCCs) have been proposed as an alternative source of β cells for islet transplantation because of their low cost and growth potential after transplantation. However, the delayed glucose lowering effect due to the immaturity of NPCCs and immunologic rejection remain as a barrier to NPCC's clinical application. Here, we demonstrate accelerated differentiation and immune-tolerant NPCCs by in vitro chemical treatment and microencapsulation. METHODS NPCCs isolated from 3-day-old piglets were cultured in F-10 media and then microencapsulated with alginate on day 5. Differentiation of NPCCs is facilitated by media supplemented with activin receptor-like kinase 5 inhibitor II, triiodothyronine and exendin-4 for 2 weeks. Marginal number of microencapsulated NPCCs to cure diabetes with and without differentiation were transplanted into diabetic mice and observed for 8 weeks. RESULTS The proportion of insulin-positive cells and insulin mRNA levels of NPCCs were significantly increased in vitro in the differentiated group compared with the undifferentiated group. Blood glucose levels decreased eventually after transplantation of microencapsulated NPCCs in diabetic mice and normalized after 7 weeks in the differentiated group. In addition, the differentiated group showed nearly normal glucose tolerance at 8 weeks after transplantation. In contrast, neither blood glucose levels nor glucose tolerance were improved in the undifferentiated group. Retrieved graft in the differentiated group showed greater insulin response to high glucose compared with the undifferentiated group. CONCLUSION in vitro differentiation of microencapsulated immature NPCCs increased the proportion of insulin-positive cells and improved transplant efficacy in diabetic mice without immune rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyeong-Jin Cheon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heon-Seok Park
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Lee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Division of Intractable Diseases, Department of Chronic Diseases Convergence Research, Korea National Institute of Health, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Hye You
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Marie Rhee
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Won Kim
- Recombinant Protein Products Division, National Institute of Food and Drug Safety Evaluation, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Kun-Ho Yoon
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Biomedicine & Health Sciences, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
- Corresponding author: Kun-Ho Yoon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9109-2208 Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul 06591, Korea E-mail:
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Viability and Functionality of Neonatal Porcine Islet-like Cell Clusters Bioprinted in Alginate-Based Bioinks. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061420. [PMID: 35740440 PMCID: PMC9220255 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The transplantation of pancreatic islets can prevent severe long-term complications in diabetes mellitus type 1 patients. With respect to a shortage of donor organs, the transplantation of xenogeneic islets is highly attractive. To avoid rejection, islets can be encapsulated in immuno-protective hydrogel-macrocapsules, whereby 3D bioprinted structures with macropores allow for a high surface-to-volume ratio and reduced diffusion distances. In the present study, we applied 3D bioprinting to encapsulate the potentially clinically applicable neonatal porcine islet-like cell clusters (NICC) in alginate-methylcellulose. The material was additionally supplemented with bovine serum albumin or the human blood plasma derivatives platelet lysate and fresh frozen plasma. NICC were analysed for viability, proliferation, the presence of hormones, and the release of insulin in reaction to glucose stimulation. Bioprinted NICC are homogeneously distributed, remain morphologically intact, and show a comparable viability and proliferation to control NICC. The number of insulin-positive cells is comparable between the groups and over time. The amount of insulin release increases over time and is released in response to glucose stimulation over 4 weeks. In summary, we show the successful bioprinting of NICC and could demonstrate functionality over the long-term in vitro. Supplementation resulted in a trend for higher viability, but no additional benefit on functionality was observed.
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Wang M, Chen Y, Pan Q, Du M, Li Z, Dong H. Co-culture of sperm with sertoli cells can improve IVF outcomes by increasing sperm motility in mice. Theriogenology 2021; 172:20-26. [PMID: 34082222 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The micro-environment of spermatogenesis is important for the improvement of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Therefore, developing a co-culture system may be valuable to improve the rate of IVF. In this study, we aimed to investigate the secretions of testicular sertoli cells (SCs) to find whether it can improve the micro-environment of IVF, by which promote the efficiency of fertilization in mice. The results showed that the motility of sperms in CCSCF group (sperms co-culture with SCs) was significantly promoted and the rate of fertilization were significantly increased compared with the CTR group (control group: sperms not co-culture with SCs). Moreover, we found that the estrogen concentrations, the expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and the phosphorylation of AMPK in sperms were higher in the CCSCF group than in CTR group. In all, our results indicated that SCs co-cultured with sperms can improve the motility of sperms, E2 secreted by SCs can increase Ca2+ level in the intracellular and the level of phosphorylation of AMPK through Ca-MKKβ in sperms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Qingjie Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Miao Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Huansheng Dong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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Carvalho Oliveira M, Valdivia E, Verboom M, Yuzefovych Y, Sake HJ, Pogozhykh O, Niemann H, Schwinzer R, Petersen B, Seissler J, Blasczyk R, Figueiredo C. Generating low immunogenic pig pancreatic islet cell clusters for xenotransplantation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5070-5081. [PMID: 32212307 PMCID: PMC7205796 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Xenotransplantation of pancreatic islets offers a promising alternative to overcome the shortage of allogeneic donors. Despite significant advances, either immune rejection or oxygen supply in immune protected encapsulated islets remains major bottlenecks for clinical application. To decrease xenogeneic immune responses, we generated tissue engineered swine leucocyte antigen (SLA)‐silenced islet cell clusters (ICC). Single‐cell suspensions from pancreatic islets were generated by enzymatic digestion of porcine ICCs. Cells were silenced for SLA class I and class II by lentiviral vectors encoding for short hairpin RNAs targeting beta2‐microglobulin or class II transactivator, respectively. SLA‐silenced ICCs‐derived cells were then used to form new ICCs in stirred bioreactors in the presence of collagen VI. SLA class I silencing was designed to reach a level of up to 89% and class II by up to 81% on ICCs‐derived cells. Xenogeneic T cell immune responses, NK cell and antibody‐mediated cellular‐dependent immune responses were significantly decreased in SLA‐silenced cells. In stirred bioreactors, tissue engineered islets showed the typical 3D structure and insulin production. These data show the feasibility to generate low immunogenic porcine ICCs after single‐cell engineering and post‐transduction islet reassembling that might serve as an alternative to allogeneic pancreatic islet cell transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Carvalho Oliveira
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany
| | - Emilio Valdivia
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Murielle Verboom
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yuliia Yuzefovych
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Hendrik Johannes Sake
- Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Olena Pogozhykh
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heiner Niemann
- Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.,Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schwinzer
- Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany.,Transplantation Laboratory, Clinic for General, Visceral and Transplantation-Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Björn Petersen
- Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Farm Animal Genetics, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institute, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany.,Diabetes Center, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Blasczyk
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Constança Figueiredo
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Transregional Collaborative Research Centre 127, Munich, Germany
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Recent progress in porcine islet isolation, culture and engraftment strategies for xenotransplantation. Curr Opin Organ Transplant 2019; 23:633-641. [PMID: 30247169 DOI: 10.1097/mot.0000000000000579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Xenotransplantation of porcine islets is a realistic option to restore β-cell function in type 1 diabetic patients. Among other factors, such as islet donor age (fetal, neonatal and adult) and genotype (wild type and genetically modified), choice of the transplantation site, and immune protection of the islets, efficient strategies for islet isolation, culture and engraftment are critical for the success of islet xenotransplantation. RECENT FINDINGS Neonatal porcine islets (NPIs) are immature at isolation and need to be matured in vitro or in vivo before they become fully functional. Recent developments include a scalable protocol for isolation of clinically relevant batches of NPIs and a stepwise differentiation protocol for directed maturation of NPIs. In addition, different sources of mesenchymal stem cells were shown to support survival and functional maturation of NPIs in vitro and in various transplantation models in vivo. SUMMARY A plethora of different culture media and supplements have been tested; however, a unique best culture system for NPIs is still missing. New insights, for example from single-cell analyses of islets or from stem cell differentiation toward β cells may help to optimize culture of porcine islets for xenotransplantation in an evidence-based manner.
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Mourad NI, Gianello P. Long‐term culture and in vitro maturation of macroencapsulated adult and neonatal porcine islets. Xenotransplantation 2018; 26:e12461. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nizar I. Mourad
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et TransplantationUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
| | - Pierre Gianello
- Pôle de Chirurgie Expérimentale et TransplantationUniversité Catholique de Louvain Brussels Belgium
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Luca G, Arato I, Sorci G, Cameron DF, Hansen BC, Baroni T, Donato R, White DGJ, Calafiore R. Sertoli cells for cell transplantation: pre-clinical studies and future perspectives. Andrology 2018; 6:385-395. [DOI: 10.1111/andr.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
- Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction; University of Perugia and Saint Mary Hospital; Terni Italy
| | - I. Arato
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - G. Sorci
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
- Inter-University Institute of Myology (IIM)
| | - D. F. Cameron
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology; Morsani College of Medicine; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
| | - B. C. Hansen
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics; Morsani College of Medicine; University of South Florida; Tampa FL USA
| | - T. Baroni
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
| | - R. Donato
- Department of Experimental Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
- Inter-University Institute of Myology (IIM)
- Centro Universitario per la Ricerca sulla Genomica Funzionale; Perugia Italy
| | - D. G. J. White
- Robarts Research Institute; University of Western Ontario; London ON Canada
| | - R. Calafiore
- Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction; University of Perugia and Saint Mary Hospital; Terni Italy
- Department of Medicine; University of Perugia; Perugia Italy
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8
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Zhu H, Zhang X, He Y, Yu L, Lü Y, Pan K, Wang B, Chen G. [Research progress on the donor cell sources of pancreatic islet transplantation for treatment of diabetes mellitus]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:104-111. [PMID: 29806374 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201707049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To summarize the research progress on the source and selection of donor cells in the field of islet replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus. Methods Domestic and abroad literature concerning islet replacement therapy for diabetes mellitus, as well as donor source and donor selection was reviewed and analyzed thoroughly. Results The shortage of donor supply is still a major obstacle for the widely clinical application of pancreatic islet transplantation (PIT). Currently, in addition to the progress on the allogeneic/autologous donor islet supply, some remarkable achievements have been also attained in the application of xenogeneic islet (from pig donor), as well as islet like cells derived from stem cells and islet cell line, potentially enlarging the source of implantable cells. Conclusion Adequate and suitable donor cell supply is an essential prerequisite for widely clinical application of PIT therapy for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Further perfection of organ donation system, together with development of immune-tolerance induction, gene and bioengineering technology etc. will possibly solve the problem of donor cell shortage and provide a basis for clinical application of cellular replacement therapy for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics (No. 3 Ward), Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China;Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics (No. 3 Ward), Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Yi Lü
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China;Research Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Kaili Pan
- Department of Pediatrics (No. 2 Ward), Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061, P.R.China;Department of Endocrinology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061,
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Department of Pediatrics (No. 3 Ward), Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an Shaanxi, 710061,
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10
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Eve DJ, Sanberg PR. Article Commentary: Regenerative Medicine: An Analysis of Cell Transplantation's Impact. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:751-764. [DOI: 10.3727/000000007783465136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- David J. Eve
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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SanMartin A, Borlongan CV. Article Commentary: Cell Transplantation: Toward Cell Therapy. Cell Transplant 2017; 15:665-73. [PMID: 17176618 DOI: 10.3727/000000006783981666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agneta SanMartin
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
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12
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Emerich DF, Schneider P, Bintz B, Hudak J, Thanos CG. In Vitro Exposure of Cultured Porcine Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cells to Immunosuppressant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Psychoactive Drugs. Cell Transplant 2017; 16:435-40. [PMID: 17658133 DOI: 10.3727/000000007783464867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of neurotrophic molecules to the CNS is a potential treatment for preventing the neuronal loss in neurological disorders such as Huntington's disease (HD). Choroid plexus (CP) epithelial cell transplants secrete several neurotrophic factors and are neuroprotective in rat and monkey animal models of HD. HD patients receiving CP transplants would likely receive a course of immunosuppressant/anti-inflammatory treatment postsurgery and would remain on psychoactive medications to treat their motor, psychiatric, and emotional symptoms. Therefore, we examined whether CP epithelial cells are impacted by incubation with cyclosporine A (CsA), dexmethasone, haloperidol, fluoxetine, and carbamezapine. In each case, DNA was quantified to determine cell number, a formazen dye-based assay was used to quantify cell metabolism, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels were measured as a marker of protein secretion. Except for the highest dose of fluoxetine, none of the drugs tested exerted any detrimental effect on cell number. Incubation with CsA or dexamethasone did not have any consistent significant effect on VEGF secretion or cell metabolism. Carbamazepine was without effect while only the highest dose of haloperidol tested modestly lowered cell metabolism. VEGF secretion and cell metabolism was not measurable from CP cells exposed to 100 μM fluoxetine. These data continue to support the potential use of CP transplants in HD.
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Ma C, Song H, Guan K, Zhou J, Xia X, Li F. Characterization of swine testicular cell line as immature porcine Sertoli cell line. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:427-33. [PMID: 26744029 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-015-9994-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Swine testicular (ST) cell line is isolated from swine fetal testes and has been widely used in biomedical research fields related to pig virus infection. However, the potential benefit and utilization of ST cells in boar reproductive studies has not been fully explored. As swine fetal testes mainly contain multiple types of cells such as Leydig cells, Sertoli cells, gonocytes, and peritubular myoid cells, it is necessary to clarify the cell type of ST cell line. In this study, we identified ST cell line was a collection of Sertoli cells by analyzing the unique morphological characteristic with satellite karyosomes and determining the protein expression of two markers (androgen-binding protein, ABP; Fas ligand, FASL) of Sertoli cells. Then ST cells were further confirmed to be immature Sertoli cells by examining the expression of three markers (anti-Mullerian hormone, AMH; keratin 18, KRT18; follicle-stimulating hormone receptor, FSHR). In conclusion, ST cells are a collection of immature Sertoli cells which can be good experimental materials for the researches involved in Sertoli cell functions and maturation, or even in boar reproductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changping Ma
- Key Laboratory of Pig Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Huibin Song
- Key Laboratory of Pig Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Kaifeng Guan
- Key Laboratory of Pig Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jiawei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pig Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuanyan Xia
- College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fenge Li
- Key Laboratory of Pig Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture & Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhu H, Yu L, He Y, Lyu Y, Wang B. Microencapsulated Pig Islet Xenotransplantation as an Alternative Treatment of Diabetes. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2015; 21:474-89. [PMID: 26028249 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2014.0499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Heart Center, Northwest Women's and Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Endocrinology, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Lyu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Luca G, Cameron DF, Arato I, Mancuso F, Linden EH, Calvitti M, Falabella G, Szekeres K, Bodo M, Ricci G, Hansen BC, Calafiore R. Xenograft of microencapsulated Sertoli cells for the cell therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus in spontaneously diabetic nonhuman primates: preliminary data. Transplant Proc 2015; 46:1999-2001. [PMID: 25131093 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2014.06.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may be due to a chronic inflammation of the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) leading to local and systemic increases in proinflammatory cytokines. Microencapsulated porcine Sertoli cells (MC-pSC), by provision of immunomodulatory and trophic factors, have been successfully used to reduce such inflammation in rodent animal models of type 1 diabetes with no complications or deleterious side effects. Herein, we have begun to investigate this novel and safe therapeutic approach in the spontaneously obese nonhuman primate with spontaneous, insulin-dependent T2DM. After MC-pSC intraperitoneal injection we have evaluated, throughout a 6-month follow-up period, daily ad libitum fed glucose levels, daily exogenous insulin supplementation, biweekly body weight measurements, periodic fasting blood glucose concentrations, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, glucose tolerance tests (GTT), and fluorescence-activated cell sorting cytometry (FACS) assessment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Very preliminarily, we have observed a slight reduction in fasting (FPG) and mean nonfasting (NF) plasma glucose levels. We found minimal changes, only in 1 animal, in daily exogenous insulin requirements and HbA1c levels. Flow cytometric analysis was associated with decrease in CD8(+) cells only in 1 recipient with a reduction in mean regulatory T Cells (Treg), whereas interestingly, decrease of B lymphocytes was observed in both animals. These results may suggest that this novel MC-SC-based transplantation protocol might possibly impact the metabolic status of T2DM in higher mammals that are close to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - D F Cameron
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - I Arato
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F Mancuso
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - E H Linden
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - M Calvitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Falabella
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - K Szekeres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - M Bodo
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - G Ricci
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - B C Hansen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
| | - R Calafiore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.
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16
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Nagaraju S, Bertera S, Tanaka T, Hara H, Rayat GR, Wijkstrom M, Ayares D, Trucco M, Cooper DKC, Bottino R. In vitro exposure of pig neonatal isletlike cell clusters to human blood. Xenotransplantation 2015; 22:317-24. [PMID: 26179209 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pig islet grafts have been successful in treating diabetes in animal models. One remaining question is whether neonatal pig isletlike cell clusters (NICC) are resistant to the early loss of islets from the instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction (IBMIR). METHODS Neonatal isletlike cell clusters were harvested from three groups of piglets-(i) wild-type (genetically unmodified), (ii) α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout (GTKO)/CD46, and (iii) GTKO/CD46/CD39. NICC samples were mixed with human blood in vitro, and the following measurements were made-antibody binding; complement activation; speed of islet-induced coagulation; C-peptide; glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65) release; viability. RESULTS Time to coagulation and viability were both reduced in all groups compared to freshly drawn non-anticoagulated human blood and autologous combinations, respectively. Antibody binding to the NICC occurred in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Neonatal isletlike cell clusters were subject to humoral injury with no difference associated to their genetic characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Nagaraju
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Suzanne Bertera
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Takayuki Tanaka
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Hidetaka Hara
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Gina R Rayat
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Martin Wijkstrom
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | | | - Massimo Trucco
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - David K C Cooper
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Rita Bottino
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Luca G, Mancuso F, Calvitti M, Arato I, Falabella G, Bufalari A, De Monte V, Tresoldi E, Nastruzzi C, Basta G, Fallarino F, Lilli C, Bellucci C, Baroni T, Aglietti MC, Giovagnoli S, Cameron DF, Bodo M, Calafiore R. Long-term stability, functional competence, and safety of microencapsulated specific pathogen-free neonatal porcine Sertoli cells: a potential product for cell transplant therapy. Xenotransplantation 2015; 22:273-83. [PMID: 26134468 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Porcine Sertoli cells (pSCs) have been employed for cell therapy in pre-clinical studies for several chronic/immune diseases as they deliver molecules associated with trophic and anti-inflammatory effects. To be employed for human xenografts, pSCs products need to comply with safety and stability. To fulfill such requirements, we employed a microencapsulation technology to increase pre-transplant storage stability of specific pathogen-free pSCs (SPF-pSCs) and evaluated the in vivo long-term viability and safety of grafts. METHODS Specific pathogen free neonatal pigs underwent testis excision under sterility. pSCs were isolated, characterized by immunofluorescence (IF) and cytofluorimetric analysis (CA) and examined in terms of viability and function [namely, production of anti-müllerian hormone (AMH), inhibin B, and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TFGβ-1)]. After microencapsulation in barium alginate microcapsules (Ba-MC), long-term SPF-pSCs (Ba-MCpSCs) viability and barium concentrations were evaluated at 1, 24 throughout 40 h to establish pre-transplant storage conditions. RESULTS The purity of isolated pSCs was about 95% with negligible contaminating cells. Cultured pSCs monolayers, both prior to and after microencapsulation, maintained high function and full viability up to 24 h of storage. At 40 h post-encapsulation, pSCs viability decreased to 80%. Barium concentration in Ba-MCpSCs lagged below the normal maximum daily allowance and was stable for 4 months in mice with no evident side effects. CONCLUSIONS Such results suggest that this protocol for the isolation and microencapsulation of pSCs is compatible with long-haul transportation and that Ba-MCpSCs could be potentially employable for xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy.,Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction, Saint Mary Hospital, Terni, Italy
| | - Francesca Mancuso
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Calvitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Iva Arato
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Falabella
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Antonello Bufalari
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Valentina De Monte
- Department of Pathology, Diagnostic and Clinical Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Enrico Tresoldi
- Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Lombardia and Emilia Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Claudio Nastruzzi
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basta
- Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Cinzia Lilli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Catia Bellucci
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziano Baroni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Don F Cameron
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Maria Bodo
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Division of Medical Andrology and Endocrinology of Reproduction, Saint Mary Hospital, Terni, Italy.,Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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18
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Nagaraju S, Bottino R, Wijkstrom M, Trucco M, Cooper DKC. Islet xenotransplantation: what is the optimal age of the islet-source pig? Xenotransplantation 2014; 22:7-19. [DOI: 10.1111/xen.12130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh Nagaraju
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Rita Bottino
- Division of Immunogenetics; Department of Pediatrics; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Martin Wijkstrom
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - Massimo Trucco
- Division of Immunogenetics; Department of Pediatrics; Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
| | - David K. C. Cooper
- Thomas E. Starzl Transplantation Institute; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Pittsburgh PA USA
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19
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Luca G, Calvitti M, Mancuso F, Falabella G, Arato I, Bellucci C, List EO, Bellezza E, Angeli G, Lilli C, Bodo M, Becchetti E, Kopchick JJ, Cameron DF, Baroni T, Calafiore R. Reversal of experimental Laron Syndrome by xenotransplantation of microencapsulated porcine Sertoli cells. J Control Release 2013; 165:75-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2012.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Bistoni G, Calvitti M, Mancuso F, Arato I, Falabella G, Cucchia R, Fallarino F, Becchetti A, Baroni T, Mazzitelli S, Nastruzzi C, Bodo M, Becchetti E, Cameron DF, Luca G, Calafiore R. Prolongation of skin allograft survival in rats by the transplantation of microencapsulated xenogeneic neonatal porcine Sertoli cells. Biomaterials 2012; 33:5333-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2012] [Accepted: 04/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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21
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Menegazzo M, Zuccarello D, Luca G, Ferlin A, Calvitti M, Mancuso F, Calafiore R, Foresta C. Improvements in human sperm quality by long-term in vitro co-culture with isolated porcine Sertoli cells. Hum Reprod 2011; 26:2598-605. [PMID: 21771775 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/der248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Spermatogenesis is a complex process where spermatogonial germ cells become spermatozoa with the indispensable support of Sertoli cells (SCs), which provide 'ad hoc' structural and nutritional support. Unfortunately, for most sperm dysfunctions, no therapies are yet available except assisted reproductive technologies (ART) that are based on the use of different culture media to preserve sperm in vitro. However, sperm culture is only possible for short periods of time, since long-term culture would invariably and irreversibly damage the cells with negative impact on their fertilization potential. METHODS Fresh sperm cells (5 ml of 20 × 10(6)/ml) were co-cultured with SCs layers, derived from prepubertal pig testes or incubated in cell free SC medium or BWW (Biggers, Whitten and Whittingham) medium for 2, 4 or 7 days. Sperm viability, motility, mitochondrial status, DNA fragmentation, chromatin integrity, intracellular calcium and acrosome status were assessed after every co-culture or incubation time, but capacitation and induction of acrosome reaction (AR) with progesterone was only evaluated after 7 days. RESULTS SCs layers derived from prepubertal pig testes (co-culture of sperm and SC feeder, CCSCF) were able to preserve normal sperm viability, motility and normal mitochondrial function, after 7 days of culture; CCSCF did not induce AR or hyperactivation of spermatozoa, keeping the sperm in a quiescent state for 7 days of culture. Nevertheless, the sperm were readily able to initiate AR after stimulation with progesterone. CONCLUSIONS CCSCF maintained good sperm viability and motility for 7 days. This approach could improve retention of sperm viability and motility during ART procedures and maintain sperm viability, during transfer between two distant Centres, avoiding the need for cryopreservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Menegazzo
- Department of Histology, Microbiology and Medical Biotechnologies, Section of Clinical Pathology and Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy
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22
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Xenograft of Microencapsulated Sertoli Cells Reverses T1DM in NOD Mice by Inducing Neogenesis of Beta-Cells. Transplantation 2010; 90:1352-7. [DOI: 10.1097/tp.0b013e3181ffb9d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Penolazzi L, Tavanti E, Vecchiatini R, Lambertini E, Vesce F, Gambari R, Mazzitelli S, Mancuso F, Luca G, Nastruzzi C, Piva R. Encapsulation of mesenchymal stem cells from Wharton's jelly in alginate microbeads. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2010; 16:141-55. [PMID: 19402785 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2008.0582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The description of a microencapsulation procedure for Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) is reported. The applied method is based on the generation of monodisperse droplets by a vibrational nozzle. An ionic alginate encapsulation procedure was utilized for the microbeads hardening. Different experimental parameters were analyzed, including frequency and amplitude of vibration, polymer pumping rate, and distance between the nozzle and the gelling bath. The produced barium-alginate microbeads were characterized by excellent morphological characteristics as well as a very narrow size distribution. The microencapsulation procedure did not alter the morphology and viability of the encapsulated WJMSCs. In addition, the current paper reports the functional properties in terms of secretive profiles of both free and encapsulated WJMSCs. The analyzed factors were members of the family of interleukins, chemokines, growth factors, and soluble forms of adhesion molecules. These experiments showed that despite encapsulation, most of the proteins analyzed were secreted both by the free and encapsulated cells, even if in a different extent. In conclusion, the described encapsulation procedure represents a promising strategy to utilize WJMSCs for possible in vivo applications in tissue engineering and biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letizia Penolazzi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Ferrara , Ferrara, Italy
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24
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Mancuso F, Calvitti M, Luca G, Nastruzzi C, Baroni T, Mazzitelli S, Becchetti E, Arato I, Boselli C, Ngo Nselel MD, Calafiore R. Acceleration of functional maturation and differentiation of neonatal porcine islet cell monolayers shortly in vitro cocultured with microencapsulated sertoli cells. Stem Cells Int 2009; 2010:587213. [PMID: 21048849 PMCID: PMC2956457 DOI: 10.4061/2010/587213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 08/27/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The limited availability of cadaveric human donor pancreata as well as the incomplete success of the Edmonton protocol for human islet allografts fasten search for new sources of insulin the producing cells for substitution cell therapy of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Starting from isolated neonatal porcine pancreatic islets (NPIs), we have obtained cell monolayers that were exposed to microencapsulated monolayered Sertoli cells (ESCs) for different time periods (7, 14, 21 days). To assess the development of the cocultured cell monolayers, we have studied either endocrine cell phenotype differentiation markers or c-kit, a hematopoietic stem cell marker, has recently been involved with growth and differentiation of β-cell subpopulations in human as well as rodent animal models. ESC which were found to either accelerate maturation and differentiation of the NPIs β-cell phenotype or identify an islet cell subpopulation that was marked positively for c-kit. The insulin/c-kit positive cells might represent a new, still unknown functionally immature β-cell like element in the porcine pancreas. Acceleration of maturation and differentiation of our NPI cell monolayers might generate a potential new opportunity to develop insulin-producing cells that may suite experimental trials for cell therapy of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancuso
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Mario Calvitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Nastruzzi
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of the Drug, School of Pharmacy, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziano Baroni
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefania Mazzitelli
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of the Drug, School of Pharmacy, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ennio Becchetti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Iva Arato
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Carlo Boselli
- Department of Surgery, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Monique D. Ngo Nselel
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Riccardo Calafiore
- Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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25
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Urbanska AM, Bhathena J, Martoni C, Prakash S. Estimation of the potential antitumor activity of microencapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus yogurt formulation in the attenuation of tumorigenesis in Apc(Min/+) mice. Dig Dis Sci 2009; 54:264-73. [PMID: 18633708 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-008-0363-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2008] [Accepted: 06/03/2008] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a strong correlation between orally administered probiotics and suppression of the low-grade inflammation that can lead to restoration of normal local immune functions. We studied the potential immunomodulatory and antitumorigenic properties of microencapsulated probiotic bacterial cells in a yogurt formulation in Min mice carrying a germline APC mutation. Daily oral administration of microencapsulated Lactobacillus acidophilus bacterial cells in the yogurt formulation mice resulted in significant suppression of colon tumor incidence, tumor multiplicity, and reduced tumor size. Results show that oral administration of microencapsulated L. acidophilus contributed to the stabilization of animal body weight and decreased the release of bile acids. Histopathological analyses revealed fewer adenomas in treated versus untreated animals. Furthermore, treated animals exhibited fewer gastrointestinal intra-epithelial neoplasias with a lower grade of dysplasia in detected tumors. Results suggest that oral administration of microencapsulated probiotic L. acidophilus exerts anti-tumorous activity, which consequently leads to reduced tumor outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Malgorzata Urbanska
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, 3775 University Street, Montreal, QC, Canada
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26
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Dufour JM, Dass B, Halley KR, Korbutt GS, Dixon DE, Rajotte RV. Sertoli cell line lacks the immunoprotective properties associated with primary Sertoli cells. Cell Transplant 2009; 17:525-34. [PMID: 18714671 DOI: 10.3727/096368908785096033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sertoli cells are important for maintenance of the immune privileged environment of the testis and prolong survival of cotransplanted cells. The objective of the current study was to examine the immunoprotective properties of a mouse Sertoli cell line (MSC-1) in order to identify a Sertoli cell line that could be used to aid in investigation of the immunoprotective abilities of Sertoli cells. BALB/c islets were cotransplanted with 0-9 million primary BALB/c Sertoli cells or MSC-1 cells into diabetic C3H or BALB/c mice and protection of grafted islets was examined by monitoring blood glucose levels and immunohistochemical analysis. Additionally, expression of potential immunoprotective factors in MSC-1 cells was examined. Cotransplantation of islets with 3 million primary Sertoli cells significantly prolonged islet allograft survival (61.1 +/- 6.9 days; p < 0.05) compared with control mice that received allogeneic islets alone (26.9 +/- 2.1 days). Grafts collected from normoglycemic C3H mice at 100 days posttransplant contained insulin-positive beta-cells adjacent to allogeneic Sertoli cells arranged in tubule-like structures. In contrast, cotransplantation of islet allografts with MSC-1 cells did not prolong islet survival (average 29.8 +/- 3.3 days) regardless of the number of MSC-1 cells transplanted and the rejected grafts contained very few beta-cells and randomly arranged MSC-1 cells. The lack of islet cell survival was not due to detrimental effects of MSC-1 cells because syngneic islets cotransplanted with MSC-1 cells were functional throughout the study. MSC-1 cells were found to express known Sertoli cell-expressed, immunoprotective factors, clusterin, Fas ligand, and transforming growth factor-beta1, suggesting additional factors may be involved in Sertoli cell immune privilege. These data indicate the MSC-1 cell line lacks the immunoprotective properties associated with primary Sertoli cells. Further study of this cell line could be useful in examining the mechanisms that enable Sertoli cells to provide immune privilege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jannette M Dufour
- Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
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27
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Prakash S, Malgorzata Urbanska A. Colon-targeted delivery of live bacterial cell biotherapeutics including microencapsulated live bacterial cells. Biologics 2008; 2:355-78. [PMID: 19707368 PMCID: PMC2721377 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s2372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
There has been an ample interest in delivery of therapeutic molecules using live cells. Oral delivery has been stipulated as best way to deliver live cells to humans for therapy. Colon, in particular, is a part of gastrointestinal (GI) tract that has been proposed to be an oral targeted site. The main objective of these oral therapy procedures is to deliver live cells not only to treat diseases like colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and other GI tract diseases like intestinal obstruction and gastritis, but also to deliver therapeutic molecules for overall therapy in various diseases such as renal failure, coronary heart disease, hypertension, and others. This review provides a comprehensive summary of recent advancement in colon targeted live bacterial cell biotherapeutics. Current status of bacterial cell therapy, principles of artificial cells and its potentials in oral delivery of live bacterial cell biotherapeutics for clinical applications as well as biotherapeutic future perspectives are also discussed in our review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya Prakash
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Aleksandra Malgorzata Urbanska
- Biomedical Technology and Cell Therapy Research Laboratory, Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Physiology, Artificial Cells and Organs Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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28
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Mazzitelli S, Tosi A, Balestra C, Nastruzzi C, Luca G, Mancuso F, Calafiore R, Calvitti M. Production and Characterization of Alginate Microcapsules Produced by a Vibrational Encapsulation Device. J Biomater Appl 2008; 23:123-45. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328207084958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The optimization, through a Design of Experiments (DoE) approach, of a microencapsulation procedure for isolated neonatal porcine islets (NPI) is described. The applied method is based on the generation of monodisperse droplets by a vibrational nozzle. An alginate/polyornithine encapsulation procedure, developed and validated in our laboratory for almost a decade, was used to embody pancreatic islets. We analyzed different experimental parameters including frequency of vibration, amplitude of vibration, polymer pumping rate, and distance between the nozzle and the gelling bath. We produced calcium—alginate gel microbeads with excellent morphological characteristics as well as a very narrow size distribution. The automatically produced microcapsules did not alter morphology, viability and functional properties of the enveloped NPI. The optimization of this automatic procedure may provide a novel approach to obtain a large number of batches possibly suitable for large scale production of immunoisolated NPI for in vivo cell transplantation procedures in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Mazzitelli
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - A. Tosi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Balestra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - C. Nastruzzi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutics University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy, or
| | - G. Luca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - F. Mancuso
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - R. Calafiore
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - M. Calvitti
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Ponte GM, Pileggi A, Messinger S, Alejandro A, Ichii H, Baidal DA, Khan A, Ricordi C, Goss JA, Alejandro R. Toward maximizing the success rates of human islet isolation: influence of donor and isolation factors. Cell Transplant 2007; 16:595-607. [PMID: 17912951 DOI: 10.3727/000000007783465082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to make islet transplantation a therapeutic option for patients with diabetes there is an urgent need for more efficient islet cell processing to maximize islet recovery. Improved donor management, organ recovery techniques, implementation of more stringent donor criteria, and improved islet cell processing techniques may contribute to enhance organ utilization for transplantation. We have analyzed the effects of donor and islet processing factors on the success rate of human islet cell processing for transplantation performed at a single islet cell processing center. Islet isolation outcomes improved when vasopressors, and in particular pitressin, and steroids were used for the management of multiorgan donors. Higher islet yields were obtained from adult male donors, BMI >25 kg/m2, adequate glycemic control during hospital stay, and when the pancreas was retrieved by a local surgical team. Successful isolations were obtained in 58% of the cases when > or = 4 donor criteria were met, and even higher success rates (69%) were observed when considering > or = 5 criteria. Our data suggest that a sequential, integrated approach is highly desirable to improve the success rate of islet cell processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaston M Ponte
- Cell Transplant Center and Clinical Islet Transplant Center, Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
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30
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Bottino R, Balamurugan AN, Smetanka C, Bertera S, He J, Rood PPM, Cooper DKC, Trucco M. Isolation outcome and functional characteristics of young and adult pig pancreatic islets for transplantation studies. Xenotransplantation 2007; 14:74-82. [PMID: 17214707 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00374.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pig islets have been proposed as an alternative to human islets for clinical use, but their use is limited by rejection. The availability of genetically modified pigs devoid of alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase might provide islets more suitable for xenotransplantation. To limit the costs involved in the logistics and health care of pigs for clinical xenotransplantation, we have studied whether younger, rather than older, pigs that are typically preferred can be used as islet donors. METHODS We utilized pancreases from Yorkshire and White Landrace wild-type pigs and alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene-knockout pigs of three main different age and size groups: (i) <6 months, (ii) 6 to 12 months, and (iii) >2 yr of age, inclusive of retired breeders. We compared isolation yield and in vitro and in vivo function of islet cells obtained from these groups. RESULTS Islets from adult pigs (>2 yr) offered not only higher islet yields, but retained the ability to preserve intact morphology during the isolation process and culture, in association with high functional properties after transplantation. Following isolation, islet cells from young (<6 m) and young-adult (6 to 12 m) pigs dissociated into small aggregates and single cells, and exhibited inferior functional properties than adult islets both in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These data support the conclusion that, in view of the large number of islets needed to maintain normoglycemia after xenotransplantation, organ-source pigs need to reach adult age (>2 yr) before being considered optimal islet donors, in spite of the higher costs involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Bottino
- Division of Immunogenetics, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Rangos Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
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Luca G, Calvitti M, Nastruzzi C, Bilancetti L, Becchetti E, Angeletti G, Mancuso F, Calafiore R. Encapsulation,In VitroCharacterization, andIn VivoBiocompatibility of Sertoli Cells in Alginate-Based Microcapsules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 13:641-8. [PMID: 17335402 DOI: 10.1089/ten.2006.0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
A method for microencapsulation of isolated neonatal porcine Sertoli cells is described. Using a conventional alginate-poli-L-ornithine encapsulation procedure, which has been used in our laboratory for almost two decades to envelop pancreatic islets, we observed significant loss of Sertoli cell viability, possibly due to excessive Ca(2+) ion exposure. Replacing calcium with barium, or shortening the incubation period in the presence of Ca ions, we obtained barium or calcium alginate gel microbeads that did not alter morphology and viability of the encapsulated Sertoli cells. The procedure might permit access to a novel approach to immunologically alter cell graft acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Luca
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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Calafiore R, Basta G. Artificial pancreas to treat type 1 diabetes mellitus. METHODS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2007; 140:197-236. [PMID: 18085211 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-443-8_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Substitution of diseased organ/tissues with totally artificial machines or transplantable biohybrid devices where functionally competent cells are enveloped within immunoprotective artificial membranes could represent one of the future goals in medicine. In particular, artificial or, closer to feasibility, biohybrid artificial pancreas (BHAP) could replace the function of pancreatic islet beta-cells that have been destroyed by autoimmunity, thereby obviating the need to treat patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) with multiple daily insulin injections. State-of-the-art diabetes therapy and perspectives in the use of BHAP, with special regard to islet-cell-containing microcapsules fabricated with alginate-based polymers, including applications to experimental animal models according to different chemical procedures, are reviewed. Special emphasis has been given to preparation methods, immunoprotection strategies, and biocompatibility of the islet-cell-containing microbarriers, as well as to approaches to ameliorate these features. Currently available BHAP prototypes have been critically reviewed to define expectations about the next generation devices targeting the final cure of TIDM.
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Abstract
This commentary documents the increased number of stem cell-related research reports recently published in the cell transplantation field in the journal Cell Transplantation. The journal covers a wide range of issues in cell-based therapy and regenerative medicine and is attracting clinical and preclinical articles from around the world. It thereby complements and extends the basic coverage of stem cell physiology reported in Stem Cells and Development. Sections in Cell Transplantation cover neuroscience, diabetes, hepatocytes, bone, muscle, cartilage, skin, vessels, and other tissues, as well as tissue engineering that employs novel methods with stem cells. Clearly, the continued use of biomedical engineering will depend heavily on stem cells, and these two journals are well positioned to provide comprehensive coverage of these developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Sanmartin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Mancuso F, Basta G, Calvitti M, Luca G, Guido L, Racanicchi L, Montanucci P, Becchetti E, Calafiore R. Long-term cultured neonatal porcine islet cell monolayers: a potential tissue source for transplant in diabetes. Xenotransplantation 2006; 13:289-98. [PMID: 16768722 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-3089.2006.00305.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The restricted availability of cadaveric human donor pancreases mandates validation of possibly inexhaustible, alternative sources of insulin secretory cells in order to expand islet transplant for the therapy of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (T1DM). METHODS Neonatal pig pancreatic islets (NPI), isolated and purified by our method, were specially cultured until confluent cell monolayers were obtained. Expression of several beta-cell phenotype transcriptional factors, under glucose and other stimuli, were examined throughout 90 days of culture. RESULTS High glucose concentration and glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) were associated with maintenance either of insulin secretory patterns from the incubated cell monolayers, or expression of transcriptional markers associated with beta-cell like phenotypes. CONCLUSION Morphological and molecular expression of beta-cell markers and products from NPI cell monolayers seem to identify a novel and potentially powerful source of insulin producing cells that might fulfill transplant needs for insulin substitution therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Mancuso
- Department of Internal Medicine (Di.M.I.), University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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de Vos P, Faas MM, Strand B, Calafiore R. Alginate-based microcapsules for immunoisolation of pancreatic islets. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5603-17. [PMID: 16879864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2006] [Accepted: 07/11/2006] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of microencapsulated cells is proposed as a therapy for the treatment of a wide variety of diseases since it allows for transplantation of endocrine cells in the absence of undesired immunosuppression. The technology is based on the principle that foreign cells are protected from the host immune system by an artificial membrane. In spite of the simplicity of the concept, progress in the field of immunoisolation has been hampered for many years due to biocompatibility issues. During the last years important advances have been made in the knowledge of the characteristics and requirements capsules have to meet in order to provide optimal biocompatibility and survival of the enveloped tissue. Novel insight shows that not only the capsules material but also the enveloped cells should be hold responsible for loss of a significant portion of the immunoisolated cells and, thus, failure of the grafts on the long term. Microcapsules without cells can be produced as such that they remain free of any significant foreign body response for prolonged periods of time in both experimental animals and humans. New approaches in which newly discovered inflammatory responses are silenced bring the technology of transplantation of immunoisolated cells close to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul de Vos
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Medical Biology, University Hospital of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands.
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