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Candelaria GDTP, Antunes ADA, Pastorino AC, Dorna MDB, Zanardo EA, Dias AT, Sugayama SMM, Odone-Filho V, Kulikowski LD, Garanito MP. Novel FERMT3 and PTPRQ Mutations Associated with Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency-III and Sensorineural Hearing Loss. J Pediatr Genet 2023; 12:348-351. [PMID: 38162163 PMCID: PMC10756723 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1733948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III (LAD-III) is a rare genetic disease caused by defective integrin activation in hematopoietic cells due to mutations in the FERMT3 gene. The PTPRQ gene encodes the protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Q and is essential for the normal maturation and function of hair bundle in the cochlea. Homozygous PTPRQ mutations impair the stereocilia in hair cells which lead to nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) with vestibular dysfunction. Here, we report two novel pathogenic homozygous mutations found in two genes, FERMT3 and PTPRQ , in a Brazilian patient with LAD-III and SNHL, which may develop our understanding of the phenotype-genotype correlation and prognosis of patients with these rare diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela de Toledo Passos Candelaria
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre de A. Antunes
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio C. Pastorino
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mayra de B. Dorna
- Allergy and Immunology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Evelin A. Zanardo
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Lab—LIM 03, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexandre T. Dias
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Lab—LIM 03, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sofia M. M. Sugayama
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vicente Odone-Filho
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leslie D. Kulikowski
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenomics Lab—LIM 03, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marlene P. Garanito
- Department of Pediatrics, Hematology-Oncology Service, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kahraman AB, Yaz I, Gocmen R, Aytac S, Metin A, Kilic SS, Tezcan I, Cagdas D. Clinical and Osteopetrosis-Like Radiological Findings in Patients with Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type III. J Clin Immunol 2023:10.1007/s10875-023-01479-7. [PMID: 37014583 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01479-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukocyte and platelet integrin function defects are present in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD-III) due to mutations in FERMT3. Additionally, osteoclast/osteoblast dysfunction develops in LAD-III. AIM To discuss the distinguishing clinical, radiological, and laboratory features of LAD-III. METHODS This study included the clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of twelve LAD-III patients. RESULTS The male/female ratio was 8/4. The parental consanguinity ratio was 100%. Half of the patients had a family history of patients with similar findings. The median age at presentation and diagnosis was 18 (1-60) days and 6 (1-20) months, respectively. The median leukocyte count on admission was 43,150 (30,900-75,700)/μL. The absolute eosinophil count was tested in 8/12 patients, and eosinophilia was found in 6/8 (75%). All patients had a history of sepsis. Other severe infections were pneumonia (66.6%), omphalitis (25%), osteomyelitis (16.6%), gingivitis/periodontitis (16%), chorioretinitis (8.3%), otitis media (8.3%), diarrhea (8.3%), and palpebral conjunctiva infection (8.3%). Four patients (33.3%) received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from HLA-matched-related donors, and one deceased after HSCT. At initial presentation, 4 (33.3%) patients were diagnosed with other hematologic disorders, three patients (P5, P7, and P8) with juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), and one (P2) with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). CONCLUSION In LAD-III, leukocytosis, eosinophilia, and bone marrow findings may mimic pathologies such as JMML and MDS. In addition to non-purulent infection susceptibility, patients with LAD-III exhibit Glanzmann-type bleeding disorder. In LAD-III, absent integrin activation due to kindlin-3 deficiency disrupts osteoclast actin cytoskeleton organization. This results in defective bone resorption and osteopetrosis-like radiological changes. These are distinctive features compared to other LAD types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayca Burcu Kahraman
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ismail Yaz
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rahsan Gocmen
- Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Selin Aytac
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Hematology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ayse Metin
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sara Sebnem Kilic
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ilhan Tezcan
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Deniz Cagdas
- Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, Institute of Child Health, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
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Köker N, Deveci İ, van Leeuwen K, Akbayram S, Roos D, Kuijpers TW, Köker MY. A Novel Deletion in FERMT3 Causes LAD-III in a Turkish Family. J Clin Immunol 2023; 43:741-746. [PMID: 36648575 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-022-01420-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III (LAD-III) is an extremely rare autosomal recessive syndrome caused by mutations in FERMT3, the gene encoding kindlin-3. The genetic alterations in this gene lead to abnormal expression or activity of kindlin-3 in leukocytes and platelets. Kindlin-3 acts as an important regulator of integrin activation. LAD-III has features of the bleeding syndrome of Glanzmann and also of leukocyte adhesion deficiency. In this study, we report on two families, one of Turkish and one of Syrian origin, with clinical features of LAD-III, loss of kindlin-3 protein expression, and a functional leukocyte defect. A novel, homozygous deletion in FERMT3 (c.921delC, p.Ser307Argfs*21) was found in the Turkish patient. The parents were carriers of the mutation, consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance. A common c.1525C > T (p.Arg509*) mutation was found in the Syrian patient. In conclusion, beside the variant c.1525C > T in the FERMT3 gene, which was previously found in more than 15 patients in Anatolia, our study is the first to identify the novel homozygous variant c.921delC in the FERMT3 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nezihe Köker
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - İhsan Deveci
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Karin van Leeuwen
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sinan Akbayram
- Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Gaziantep University Faculty of Medicine, Gaziantep, Turkey
| | - Dirk Roos
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mustafa Yavuz Köker
- Department of Immunology, Erciyes University Faculty of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey.
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Chougule A, Taur P, Iyengar VV, Gowri V, Kulkarni BP, Madkaikar MR, Bodhanwala M, Desai MM. Clinical features, laboratory and molecular findings of children with leukocyte adhesion deficiency type-III from a single center in India. PEDIATRIC HEMATOLOGY ONCOLOGY JOURNAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phoj.2022.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
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Understanding the Role of LFA-1 in Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Type I (LAD I): Moving towards Inflammation? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073578. [PMID: 35408940 PMCID: PMC8998723 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
LFA-1 (Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1) is a heterodimeric integrin (CD11a/CD18) present on the surface of all leukocytes; it is essential for leukocyte recruitment to the site of tissue inflammation, but also for other immunological processes such as T cell activation and formation of the immunological synapse. Absent or dysfunctional expression of LFA-1, caused by mutations in the ITGB2 (integrin subunit beta 2) gene, results in a rare immunodeficiency syndrome known as Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I (LAD I). Patients suffering from severe LAD I present with recurrent infections of the skin and mucosa, as well as inflammatory symptoms complicating the clinical course of the disease before and after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT); alloHSCT is currently the only established curative treatment option. With this review, we aim to provide an overview of the intrinsic role of inflammation in LAD I.
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ, but Not α or G-Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor Drives Functioning of Postnatal Boar Testis-Next Generation Sequencing Analysis. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102868. [PMID: 34679887 PMCID: PMC8532933 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As of now, the Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis has not been utilized to identify biological processes and signaling pathways that are regulated in the boar postnatal testes. Our prior studies revealed that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and G-protein coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) were significant for the morpho-functional status of testicular cells. Here, the pharmacological blockage of PPARα, PPARγ or GPER was performed in ex vivo immature boar testes. The NGS results showed 382 transcripts with an altered expression. The blockage by the PPARγ antagonist markedly affected biological processes such as: drug metabolism (genes: Ctsh, Duox2, Atp1b1, Acss2, Pkd2, Aldh2, Hbb, Sdhd, Cox3, Nd4, Nd5, Cytb, Cbr1, and Pid1), adhesion (genes: Plpp3, Anxa1, Atp1b1, S100a8, Cd93, Ephb4, Vsir, Cldn11, Gpc4, Fermt3, Dusp26, Sox9, and Cdh5) and tube development (genes: Ctsh, Mmp14, Dll4, Anxa1, Ephb4, Pkd2, Angptl4, Robo4, Sox9, Hikeshi, Ing2, Loc100738836, and Rarres2), as well as the Notch signaling pathway. This was not the case for the PPARα or GPER antagonists. Our observations suggested that PPARγ may be the principal player in the management of the development and function of boar testes during the early postnatal window. Moreover, due to a highly similar porcine gene expression pattern to human homologues genes, our results can be used to understand both animal and human testes physiology and to predict or treat pathological processes. Abstract Porcine tissue gene expression is highly similar to the expression of homologous genes in humans. Based on this fact, the studies on porcine tissues can be employed to understand human physiology and to predict or treat diseases. Our prior studies clearly showed that there was a regulatory partnership of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and the G-protein coupled membrane estrogen receptor (GPER) that relied upon the tumorigenesis of human and mouse testicular interstitial cells, as well as the PPAR-estrogen related receptor and GPER–xenoestrogen relationships which affected the functional status of immature boar testes. The main objective of this study was to identify the biological processes and signaling pathways governed by PPARα, PPARγ and GPER in the immature testes of seven-day-old boars after pharmacological receptor ligand treatment. Boar testicular tissues were cultured in an organotypic system with the respective PPARα, PPARγ or GPER antagonists. To evaluate the effect of the individual receptor deprivation in testicular tissue on global gene expression, Next Generation Sequencing was performed. Bioinformatic analysis revealed 382 transcripts with altered expression. While tissues treated with PPARα or GPER antagonists showed little significance in the enrichment analysis, the antagonists challenged with the PPARγ antagonist displayed significant alterations in biological processes such as: drug metabolism, adhesion and tubule development. Diverse disruption in the Notch signaling pathway was also observed. The findings of our study proposed that neither PPARα nor GPER, but PPARγ alone seemed to be the main player in the regulation of boar testes functioning during early the postnatal developmental window.
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Saultier P, Cabantous S, Puceat M, Peiretti F, Bigot T, Saut N, Bordet JC, Canault M, van Agthoven J, Loosveld M, Payet-Bornet D, Potier D, Falaise C, Bernot D, Morange PE, Alessi MC, Poggi M. GATA1 pathogenic variants disrupt MYH10 silencing during megakaryopoiesis. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:2287-2301. [PMID: 34060193 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND GATA1 is an essential transcription factor for both polyploidization and megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation. The polyploidization defect observed in GATA1 variant carriers is not well understood. OBJECTIVE To extensively phenotype two pedigrees displaying different variants in the GATA1 gene and determine if GATA1 controls MYH10 expression levels, a key modulator of MK polyploidization. METHOD A total of 146 unrelated propositi with constitutional thrombocytopenia were screened on a multigene panel. We described the genotype-phenotype correlation in GATA1 variant carriers and investigated the effect of these novel variants on MYH10 transcription using luciferase constructs. RESULTS The clinical profile associated with the p.L268M variant localized in the C terminal zinc finger was unusual in that the patient displayed bleeding and severe platelet aggregation defects without early-onset thrombocytopenia. p.N206I localized in the N terminal zinc finger was associated, on the other hand, with severe thrombocytopenia (15G/L) in early life. High MYH10 levels were evidenced in platelets of GATA1 variant carriers. Analysis of MKs anti-GATA1 chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing data revealed two GATA1 binding sites, located in the 3' untranslated region and in intron 8 of the MYH10 gene. Luciferase reporter assays showed their respective role in the regulation of MYH10 gene expression. Both GATA1 variants significantly alter intron 8 driven MYH10 transcription. CONCLUSION The discovery of an association between MYH10 and GATA1 is a novel one. Overall, this study suggests that impaired MYH10 silencing via an intronic regulatory element is the most likely cause of GATA1-related polyploidization defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Saultier
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Oncology, APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
| | | | | | | | - Timothée Bigot
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Noémie Saut
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, French Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Johannes van Agthoven
- Structural Biology Program, Division of Nephrology/Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA
| | - Marie Loosveld
- APHM, CHU Timone, French Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, INSERM, CIML, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Céline Falaise
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Immunology and Oncology, APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, French Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Marseille, France
| | - Denis Bernot
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
| | - Pierre-Emmanuel Morange
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, French Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
- APHM, CHU Timone, French Reference Center on Inherited Platelet Disorders, Marseille, France
| | - Marjorie Poggi
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRAe, C2VN, Marseille, France
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Tsai FD, Battinelli EM. Inherited Platelet Disorders. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 35:1069-1084. [PMID: 34391603 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Bleeding disorders due to platelet dysfunction are a common hematologic complication affecting patients, and typically present with mucocutaneous bleeding or hemorrhage. An inherited platelet disorder should be suspected in individuals with a suggestive family history and no identified secondary causes of bleeding. Genetic defects have been described at all levels of platelet activation, including receptor binding, signaling, granule release, cytoskeletal remodeling, and platelet hematopoiesis. Management of these disorders is typically supportive, with an emphasis on awareness, patient education, and anticipatory guidance to prevent future episodes of bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederick D Tsai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematologic Neoplasia, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elisabeth M Battinelli
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck St, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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Nurden A. Profiling the Genetic and Molecular Characteristics of Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: Can It Guide Current and Future Therapies? J Blood Med 2021; 12:581-599. [PMID: 34267570 PMCID: PMC8275161 DOI: 10.2147/jbm.s273053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is the most widely studied inherited disease of platelet function. Platelets fail to aggregate due to a defect in platelet-to-platelet attachment. The hemostatic plug fails to form and a moderate to severe bleeding diathesis results. Classically of autosomal recessive inheritance, GT is caused by defects within the ITGA2B and ITGB3 genes that encode the αIIbβ3 integrin expressed at high density on the platelet surface and also in intracellular pools. Activated αIIbβ3 acts as a receptor for fibrinogen and other adhesive proteins that hold platelets together in a thrombus. Over 50 years of careful clinical and biological investigation have provided important advances that have improved not only the quality of life of the patients but which have also contributed to an understanding of how αIIbβ3 functions. Despite major improvements in our knowledge of GT and its genetic causes, extensive biological and clinical variability with respect to the severity and intensity of bleeding remains poorly understood. I now scan the repertoire of ITGA2B and ITGB3 gene defects and highlight the wide genetic and biological heterogeneity within the type II and variant subgroups especially with regard to bleeding, clot retraction, the internal platelet Fg storage pool and the nature of the mutations causing the disease. I underline the continued importance of gene profiling and biological studies and emphasize the multifactorial etiology of the clinical expression of the disease. This is done in a manner to provide guidelines for future studies and future treatments of a disease that has not only aided research on rare diseases but also contributed to advances in antithrombotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Pessac, France
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Sharma P, Sachdeva MUS, Kumar N, Bose S, Bose P, Uppal V, Malhotra P, Bansal D, Varma N, Ahluwalia J. A comparative study between light transmission aggregometry and flow cytometric platelet aggregation test for the identification of platelet function defects in patients with bleeding. Blood Res 2021; 56:109-118. [PMID: 34187944 PMCID: PMC8246037 DOI: 10.5045/br.2021.2020232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platelet aggregation studies using conventional light transmission aggregometry (LTA) have several disadvantages and require strict pre-analytical measures for reliable results. We aimed to examine the utility of flow cytometric platelet aggregation (FCA) assay in detecting platelet function defects (PFDs) in patients with a history of bleeding symptoms. Methods Sixty-four participants (24 patients and 40 healthy controls) were included in this study. LTA and FCA assay were performed simultaneously in patients and healthy controls. In the FCA assay, two portions of platelets from the same individual were labeled separately with CD31-FITC and CD31-PE. After mixing and stimulation with agonists, the double-colored platelet aggregates were visualized using a flow cytometer. The results generated using the two techniques were compared and correlated. Results The patients’ median age was 17 years (range, 3‒72 yr) with a male-to-female ratio of 11.7. There was substantial agreement between LTA and FCA assay in detecting a PFD (k=0.792). Four patients showing a Glanzmann thrombasthenia-like pattern on LTA exhibited an abnormal FCA. A functional defect in collagen binding was detected on the FCA assay conducted in two immune thrombocytopenic patients with severe bleeding. Conclusion FCA assay can be used to identify functional defects in platelets, with potential applications in thrombocytopenic individuals. It also facilitates the diagnosis of inherited bleeding disorders with platelet defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Praveen Sharma
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Narender Kumar
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sunil Bose
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parveen Bose
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Varun Uppal
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Pankaj Malhotra
- Clinical Hematology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Deepak Bansal
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Neelam Varma
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jasmina Ahluwalia
- Department of Hematology, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type I and III. Blood Adv 2021; 5:262-273. [PMID: 33570653 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Type I and III leukocyte adhesion deficiencies (LADs) are primary immunodeficiency disorders resulting in early death due to infections and additional bleeding tendency in LAD-III. The curative treatment of LAD-I and LAD-III is allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). In this retrospective multicenter study, data were collected using the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry; we analyzed data from 84 LAD patients from 33 centers, all receiving an allo-HSCT from 2007 to 2017. The 3-year overall survival estimate (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 83% (74-92) for the entire cohort: 84% (75-94) and 75% (50-100) for LAD-I and LAD-III, respectively. We observed cumulative incidences (95% CI) of graft failure (GF) at 3 years of 17% (9%-26%) and grade II to IV acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) at 100 days of 24% (15%-34%). The estimate (95% CI) at 3 years for GF- and GVHD-II to IV-free survival as event-free survival (EFS) was 56% (46-69) for the entire cohort; 58% (46-72) and 56% (23-88) for LAD-I and LAD-III, respectively. Grade II to IV acute GVHD was a relevant risk factor for death (hazard ratio 3.6; 95% CI 1.4-9.1; P = .006). Patients' age at transplant ≥13 months, transplantation from a nonsibling donor, and any serological cytomegalovirus mismatch in donor-recipient pairs were significantly associated with severe acute GVHD and inferior EFS. The choice of busulfan- or treosulfan-based conditioning, type of GVHD prophylaxis, and serotherapy did not impact overall survival, EFS, or aGVHD. An intrinsic inflammatory component of LAD may contribute to inflammatory complications during allo-HSCT, thus providing the rationale for considering anti-inflammatory therapy pretreatment.
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Robert P, Biarnes-Pelicot M, Garcia-Seyda N, Hatoum P, Touchard D, Brustlein S, Nicolas P, Malissen B, Valignat MP, Theodoly O. Functional Mapping of Adhesiveness on Live Cells Reveals How Guidance Phenotypes Can Emerge From Complex Spatiotemporal Integrin Regulation. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:625366. [PMID: 33898401 PMCID: PMC8058417 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.625366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Immune cells have the ubiquitous capability to migrate disregarding the adhesion properties of the environment, which requires a versatile adaptation of their adhesiveness mediated by integrins, a family of specialized adhesion proteins. Each subtype of integrins has several ligands and several affinity states controlled by internal and external stimuli. However, probing cell adhesion properties on live cells without perturbing cell motility is highly challenging, especially in vivo. Here, we developed a novel in vitro method using micron-size beads pulled by flow to functionally probe the local surface adhesiveness of live and motile cells. This method allowed a functional mapping of the adhesiveness mediated by VLA-4 and LFA-1 integrins on the trailing and leading edges of live human T lymphocytes. We show that cell polarization processes enhance integrin-mediated adhesiveness toward cell rear for VLA-4 and cell front for LFA-1. Furthermore, an inhibiting crosstalk of LFA-1 toward VLA-4 and an activating crosstalk of VLA-4 toward LFA-1 were found to modulate cell adhesiveness with a long-distance effect across the cell. These combined signaling processes directly support the bistable model that explains the emergence of the versatile guidance of lymphocyte under flow. Molecularly, Sharpin, an LFA-1 inhibitor in lymphocyte uropod, was found involved in the LFA-1 deadhesion of lymphocytes; however, both Sharpin and Myosin inhibition had a rather modest impact on adhesiveness. Quantitative 3D immunostaining identified high-affinity LFA-1 and VLA-4 densities at around 50 and 100 molecules/μm2 in basal adherent zones, respectively. Interestingly, a latent adhesiveness of dorsal zones was not grasped by immunostaining but assessed by direct functional assays with beads. The combination of live functional assays, molecular imaging, and genome editing is instrumental to characterizing the spatiotemporal regulation of integrin-mediated adhesiveness at molecular and cell scales, which opens a new perspective to decipher sophisticated phenotypes of motility and guidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Robert
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Martine Biarnes-Pelicot
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Nicolas Garcia-Seyda
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Petra Hatoum
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Dominique Touchard
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Sophie Brustlein
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Nicolas
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1104 Centre d'immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Malissen
- Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1104 Centre d'immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Marseille, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Valignat
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
| | - Olivier Theodoly
- LAI, Aix-Marseille University, CNRS, INSERM U1067 Adhésion Cellulaires et lnflammation, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
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13
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CD8 Co-Receptor Enhances T-Cell Activation without Any Effect on Initial Attachment. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020429. [PMID: 33670573 PMCID: PMC7922487 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The scanning of surrounding tissues by T lymphocytes to detect cognate antigens requires high speed, sensitivity and specificity. T-cell receptor (TCR) co-receptors such as CD8 increase detection performance, but the exact mechanism remains incompletely understood. Here, we used a laminar flow chamber to measure at the single molecule level the kinetics of bond formation and rupture between TCR- transfected CD8+ and CD8− Jurkat cells and surfaces coated with five peptide-exposing major histocompatibility antigens (pMHCs) of varying activating power. We also used interference reflection microscopy to image the spreading of these cells dropped on pMHC-exposing surfaces. CD8 did not influence the TCR–pMHC interaction during the first few seconds following cell surface encounter, but it promoted the subsequent spreading responses, suggesting that CD8 was involved in early activation rather than binding. Further, the rate and extent of spreading, but not the lag between contact and spreading initiation, depended on the pMHC. Elucidating T-lymphocyte detection strategy may help unravel underlying signaling networks.
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14
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Yahya AM, AlMulla AA, AlRufaye HJ, Al Dhaheri A, Elomami AS, Al-Hammadi S, Kailas L, Vijayan R, Souid AK. Case Report: A Case of Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency, Type III Presenting With Impaired Platelet Function, Lymphocytosis and Granulocytosis. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:713921. [PMID: 34485203 PMCID: PMC8415448 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.713921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fermitin family homolog 3 (FERMT3), alternatively kindlin-3 (KIND3), is an integrin binding protein (of 667 residues) encoded by the FERMT3 gene. The molecule is essential for activating integrin αIIbβ3 (the fibrinogen receptor) on platelets and for the integrin-mediated hematopoietic cell (including platelets, T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and granulocytes) adhesion. Its defects are associated with impaired primary hemostasis, described as "Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (MIM#273800)-like bleeding problem." The defects are also associated with infections, designated as "LAD1 (leukocyte adhesion deficiency, type I; MIM#116920)-like immune deficiency." The entity that joins the impaired primary hemostasis with the leukocyte malfunction has been termed "leukocyte adhesion deficiency, type III" (LAD3, autosomal recessive, MIM#612840), representing a defective activation of the integrins β1, β2, and β3 on leukocytes and platelets. Here, we report a male toddler with novel compound heterozygous variants, NM_178443.2(FERMT3):c.1800G>A, p.Trp600* (a non-sense variant) and NM_178443.2(FERMT3):c.2001del p.*668Glufs*106 (a non-stop variant). His umbilical cord separated at about 3 weeks of age. A skin rash (mainly petechiae and purpura) and recurrent episodes of severe epistaxis required blood transfusions in early infancy. His hemostatic work-up was remarkable for a normal platelet count, but abnormal platelet function screen with markedly prolonged collagen-epinephrine and collagen-ADP closure times. The impaired platelet function was associated with reduced platelet aggregation with all agonists. The expression of platelet receptors was normal. Other remarkable findings were persistent lymphocytosis and granulocytosis, representing defects in diapedesis due to the integrin dysfunction. The natural history of his condition, structure and sequence analysis of the variations, and comparison with other LAD3 cases reported in the literature are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Yahya
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asia A AlMulla
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Haydar J AlRufaye
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Al Dhaheri
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Suleiman Al-Hammadi
- College of Medicine, Mohamed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Lalitha Kailas
- Department of Pediatrics, Sree Gokulam Medical College, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Ranjit Vijayan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdul-Kader Souid
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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15
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Ibrahim-Kosta M, Alessi MC, Hezard N. Laboratory Techniques Used to Diagnose Constitutional Platelet Dysfunction. Hamostaseologie 2020; 40:444-459. [PMID: 32932546 DOI: 10.1055/a-1223-3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a major role in primary hemostasis, where activated platelets form plugs to stop hemorrhaging in response to vessel injuries. Defects in any step of the platelet activation process can cause a variety of platelet dysfunction conditions associated with bleeding. To make an accurate diagnosis, constitutional platelet dysfunction (CPDF) should be considered once von Willebrand disease and drug intake are ruled out. CPDF may be associated with thrombocytopenia or a genetic syndrome. CPDF diagnosis is complex, as no single test enables the analysis of all aspects of platelet function. Furthermore, the available tests lack standardization, and repeat tests must be performed in specialized laboratories especially for mild and moderate forms of the disease. In this review, we provide an overview of the laboratory tests used to diagnose CPDF, with a focus on light transmission platelet aggregation (LTA), flow cytometry (FC), and granules assessment. Global tests, mainly represented by LTA, are often initially performed to investigate the consequences of platelet activation on platelet aggregation in a single step. Global test results should be confirmed by additional analytical tests. FC represents an accurate, simple, and reliable test to analyze abnormalities in platelet receptors, and granule content and release. This technique may also be used to investigate platelet function by comparing resting- and activated-state platelet populations. Assessment of granule content and release also requires additional specialized analytical tests. High-throughput sequencing has become increasingly useful to diagnose CPDF. Advanced tests or external research laboratory techniques may also be beneficial in some cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Ibrahim-Kosta
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Timone, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Aix Marseille University, INSERM, INRAE, Marseille Cedex 05, France.,Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Timone, Marseille Cedex 05, France
| | - Nathalie Hezard
- Laboratory of Hematology, CHU Timone, Marseille Cedex 05, France
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16
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Sprenkeler EGG, Webbers SDS, Kuijpers TW. When Actin is Not Actin' Like It Should: A New Category of Distinct Primary Immunodeficiency Disorders. J Innate Immun 2020; 13:3-25. [PMID: 32846417 DOI: 10.1159/000509717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) have been identified over the last decade, which are caused by deleterious mutations in genes encoding for proteins involved in actin cytoskeleton regulation. These mutations primarily affect hematopoietic cells and lead to defective function of immune cells, such as impaired motility, signaling, proliferative capacity, and defective antimicrobial host defense. Here, we review several of these immunological "actinopathies" and cover both clinical aspects, as well as cellular mechanisms of these PIDs. We focus in particular on the effect of these mutations on human neutrophil function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelien G G Sprenkeler
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, .,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands,
| | - Steven D S Webbers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam University Medical Center (AUMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pediatric Immunology, Rheumatology and Infectious Diseases, Emma Children's Hospital, AUMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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Lee SH, Du J, Hwa J, Kim WH. Parkin Coordinates Platelet Stress Response in Diabetes Mellitus: A Big Role in a Small Cell. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5869. [PMID: 32824240 PMCID: PMC7461561 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased platelet activation and apoptosis are characteristic of diabetic (DM) platelets, where a Parkin-dependent mitophagy serves a major endogenous protective role. We now demonstrate that Parkin is highly expressed in both healthy platelets and diabetic platelets, compared to other mitochondria-enriched tissues such as the heart, muscle, brain, and liver. Abundance of Parkin in a small, short-lived anucleate cell suggest significance in various key processes. Through proteomics we identified 127 Parkin-interacting proteins in DM platelets and compared them to healthy controls. We assessed the 11 highest covered proteins by individual IPs and confirmed seven proteins that interacted with Parkin; VCP/p97, LAMP1, HADHA, FREMT3, PDIA, ILK, and 14-3-3. Upon further STRING analysis using GO and KEGG, interactions were divided into two broad groups: targeting platelet activation through (1) actions on mitochondria and (2) actions on integrin signaling. Parkin plays an important role in mitochondrial protection through mitophagy (VCP/p97), recruiting phagophores, and targeting lysosomes (with LAMP1). Mitochondrial β-oxidation may also be regulated by the Parkin/HADHA interaction. Parkin may regulate platelet aggregation and activation through integrin signaling through interactions with proteins like FREMT3, PDIA, ILK, and 14-3-3. Thus, platelet Parkin may regulate the protection (mitophagy) and stress response (platelet activation) in DM platelets. This study identified new potential therapeutic targets for platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and hyperactivation in diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hee Lee
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si 28159, Chungbuk, Korea;
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (J.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Jing Du
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (J.D.); (J.H.)
| | - John Hwa
- Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; (J.D.); (J.H.)
| | - Won-Ho Kim
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, Cheongju-si 28159, Chungbuk, Korea;
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18
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Lee BJ, Mace EM. From stem cell to immune effector: how adhesion, migration, and polarity shape T-cell and natural killer cell lymphocyte development in vitro and in vivo. Mol Biol Cell 2020; 31:981-991. [PMID: 32352896 PMCID: PMC7346728 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e19-08-0424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte development is a complex and coordinated pathway originating from pluripotent stem cells during embryogenesis and continuing even as matured lymphocytes are primed and educated in adult tissue. Hematopoietic stem cells develop in a specialized niche that includes extracellular matrix and supporting stromal and endothelial cells that both maintain stem cell pluripotency and enable the generation of differentiated cells. Cues for lymphocyte development include changes in integrin-dependent cell motility and adhesion which ultimately help to determine cell fate. The capacity of lymphocytes to adhere and migrate is important for modulating these developmental signals both by regulating the cues that the cell receives from the local microenvironment as well as facilitating the localization of precursors to tissue niches throughout the body. Here we consider how changing migratory and adhesive phenotypes contribute to human natural killer (NK)- and T-cell development as they undergo development from precursors to mature, circulating cells and how our understanding of this process is informed by in vitro models of T- and NK cell generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barclay J. Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
| | - Emily M. Mace
- Department of Pediatrics, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032
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19
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Alessi MC, Sié P, Payrastre B. Strengths and Weaknesses of Light Transmission Aggregometry in Diagnosing Hereditary Platelet Function Disorders. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030763. [PMID: 32178287 PMCID: PMC7141357 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hereditary defects in platelet function are responsible for sometimes severe mucocutaneous hemorrhages. They are a heterogeneous group of abnormalities whose first-line diagnosis typically involves interpreting the results of in vitro light transmission aggregometry (LTA) traces. Interpretation of LTA is challenging. LTA is usually performed in specialized laboratories with expertise in platelet pathophysiology. This review updates knowledge on LTA, describing the various platelet aggregation profiles typical of hereditary platelet disorders to guide the physician in the diagnosis of functional platelet disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christine Alessi
- Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, Inrae, C2VN, 13385 Marseille CEDEX, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-4-91-32-45-06
| | - Pierre Sié
- CHU de Toulouse, Laboratoire d’Hématologie, 31059 Toulouse CEDEX, France;
| | - Bernard Payrastre
- Inserm U1048, I2MC et Université Paul Sabatier, 31024 Toulouse CEDEX, France;
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20
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Essa MF, Elbashir E, Alroqi F, Mohammed R, Alsultan A. Successful hematopoietic stem cell transplant in leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III presenting primarily as malignant infantile osteopetrosis. Clin Immunol 2020; 213:108365. [PMID: 32092470 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LAD-III) is caused by mutations in FERMT3 that encodes Kindlin-3 which regulates integrins activation. LAD-III predisposes to infections and bleeding. Osteopetrosis was reported in some cases. We report three patients who presented as malignant infantile osteopetrosis. One had recurrent infections and none had bleeding. Exome sequencing revealed a novel homozygous mutation in FERMT3 c.1555C > T (p.Gln519Ter). Two patients underwent successful hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) from matched siblings with resolution of osteopetrosis. The third patient died secondary to sepsis prior to HSCT. Our results support early HSCT in LAD-III prior to the occurrence of life-threatening complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed F Essa
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Enas Elbashir
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fayhan Alroqi
- College of Medicine, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children's Hospital, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem Mohammed
- Section of Pediatric Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrahman Alsultan
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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21
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Shahid S, Zaidi S, Ahmed S, Siddiqui S, Abid A, Malik S, Shamsi T. A Novel Nonsense Mutation in FERMT3 Causes LAD-III in a Pakistani Family. Front Genet 2019; 10:360. [PMID: 31068971 PMCID: PMC6491447 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III (LAD3) is an extremely rare primary immunodeficiency disorder, transmitted with autosomal-recessive inheritance. It is caused by genetic alteration in the FERMT3 gene, which leads to abnormal expression of kindlin-3. This cytoplasmic protein is highly expressed in leukocytes and platelets, and acts as an important regulator of integrin activation. LAD3 has features like bleeding syndrome of Glanzmann-type and leukocyte adhesion deficiency. FERMT3 mutation(s) have not been well characterized in Pakistani patients with LAD3. In this study, an infant and his family of Pakistani origin, presenting with clinical features of LAD, were investigated to determine the underlying genetic defect. Targeted next generation sequencing (TGS) and Sanger sequencing were performed to identify and confirm the causative mutations, respectively, and their segregation within the family. A novel, homozygous FERMT3 nonsense mutation (c.286C > T, p.Q96∗) was found in the proband, and its co-segregation with LAD3 phenotype within the family was consistent with an autosomal recessive inheritance. Both parents were carriers of the same mutation. This family was offered prenatal diagnosis during first trimester of the subsequent pregnancy; the fetus carried the variant. In conclusion, our study is the first report to identify the novel homozygous variant c.286C > T, p.Q96∗in the FERMT3 gene, which might be the causative mutation for LAD3 patients of Pakistani origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Shahid
- Department of Genomics and Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samreen Zaidi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shariq Ahmed
- Department of Genomics and Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Saima Siddiqui
- Department of Genomics and Clinical Genetics, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Aiysha Abid
- Center of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Shabbir Malik
- Department of Pediatrics, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Shamsi
- Department of Clinical Hematology, National Institute of Blood Diseases and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Karachi, Pakistan
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22
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Lambert MP. Inherited Platelet Disorders: A Modern Approach to Evaluation and Treatment. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2019; 33:471-487. [PMID: 31030814 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2019.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The inherited platelet disorders are a heterogeneous group of disorders that can be pleotropic in their clinical presentations. They may present with variable platelet counts and bleeding, making their diagnosis difficult. New diagnostic tools range from flow cytometric platelet function assessments to next-generation sequencing. Several platelet disorders may now be treated with gene therapy or bone marrow transplant. Improved understanding of the molecular and biologic mechanisms of the inherited platelet disorders may lead to novel targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele P Lambert
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Special Coagulation Laboratory, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Frontier Program in Immune Dysregulation, Division of Hematology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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23
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Saultier P, Szepetowski S, Canault M, Falaise C, Poggi M, Suchon P, Barlogis V, Michel G, Loyau S, Jandrot-Perrus M, Bordet JC, Alessi MC, Chambost H. Long-term management of leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III without hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Haematologica 2018; 103:e264-e267. [PMID: 29472353 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2017.186304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paul Saultier
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France .,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, France
| | - Sarah Szepetowski
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France
| | | | - Céline Falaise
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, Laboratory of Hematology, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, French national reference center for inherited platelet disorders (CRPP), Marseille, France
| | | | - Pierre Suchon
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, Laboratory of Hematology, Marseille, France
| | - Vincent Barlogis
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France.,APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, French national reference center for primary immune deficiencies (CEREDIH), Marseille, France
| | - Gérard Michel
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France.,APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, French national reference center for primary immune deficiencies (CEREDIH), Marseille, France
| | - Stéphane Loyau
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Martine Jandrot-Perrus
- Laboratory of Vascular Translational Science, U1148 Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Univ Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, France
| | - Jean-Claude Bordet
- HCL, Hôpital Cardiologique Louis Pradel, Unité d'Hémostase Biologique, Bron, France.,EAM 4609 Hémostase et cancer, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, France
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, Laboratory of Hematology, Marseille, France.,APHM, CHU Timone, French national reference center for inherited platelet disorders (CRPP), Marseille, France
| | - Hervé Chambost
- APHM, La Timone Children's Hospital, Department of pediatric hematology and oncology, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INRA, C2VN, France
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24
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Rot A, Massberg S, Khandoga AG, von Andrian UH. Chemokines and Hematopoietic Cell Trafficking. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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25
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Schittenhelm L, Hilkens CM, Morrison VL. β 2 Integrins As Regulators of Dendritic Cell, Monocyte, and Macrophage Function. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1866. [PMID: 29326724 PMCID: PMC5742326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that the β2 integrin family of adhesion molecules have an important role in suppressing immune activation and inflammation. β2 integrins are important adhesion and signaling molecules that are exclusively expressed on leukocytes. The four β2 integrins (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, and CD11d paired with the β2 chain CD18) play important roles in regulating three key aspects of immune cell function: recruitment to sites of inflammation; cell-cell contact formation; and downstream effects on cellular signaling. Through these three processes, β2 integrins both contribute to and regulate immune responses. This review explores the pro- and anti-inflammatory effects of β2 integrins in monocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells and how they influence the outcome of immune responses. We furthermore discuss how imbalances in β2 integrin function can have far-reaching effects on mounting appropriate immune responses, potentially influencing the development and progression of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Therapeutic targeting of β2 integrins, therefore, holds enormous potential in exploring treatment options for a variety of inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Schittenhelm
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Catharien M Hilkens
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Vicky L Morrison
- Institute of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.,Arthritis Research UK Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis Centre of Excellence (RACE), Glasgow, United Kingdom
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26
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Preira P, Forel JM, Robert P, Nègre P, Biarnes-Pelicot M, Xeridat F, Bongrand P, Papazian L, Theodoly O. The leukocyte-stiffening property of plasma in early acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) revealed by a microfluidic single-cell study: the role of cytokines and protection with antibodies. CRITICAL CARE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CRITICAL CARE FORUM 2016; 20:8. [PMID: 26757701 PMCID: PMC4711060 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-015-1157-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Leukocyte-mediated pulmonary inflammation is a key pathophysiological mechanism involved in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Massive sequestration of leukocytes in the pulmonary microvasculature is a major triggering event of the syndrome. We therefore investigated the potential role of leukocyte stiffness and adhesiveness in the sequestration of leukocytes in microvessels. Methods This study was based on in vitro microfluidic assays using patient sera. Cell stiffness was assessed by measuring the entry time (ET) of a single cell into a microchannel with a 6 × 9–μm cross-section under a constant pressure drop (ΔP = 160 Pa). Primary neutrophils and monocytes, as well as the monocytic THP-1 cell line, were used. Cellular adhesiveness to human umbilical vein endothelial cells was examined using the laminar flow chamber method. We compared the properties of cells incubated with the sera of healthy volunteers (n = 5), patients presenting with acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema (ACPE; n = 6), and patients with ARDS (n = 22), of whom 13 were classified as having moderate to severe disease and the remaining 9 as having mild disease. Results Rapid and strong stiffening of primary neutrophils and monocytes was induced within 30 minutes (mean ET >50 seconds) by sera from the ARDS group compared with both the healthy subjects and the ACPE groups (mean ET <1 second) (p < 0.05). Systematic measurements with the THP-1 cell line allowed for the establishment of a strong correlation between stiffening and the severity of respiratory status (mean ET 0.82 ± 0.08 seconds for healthy subjects, 1.6 ± 1.0 seconds for ACPE groups, 10.5 ± 6.1 seconds for mild ARDS, and 20.0 ± 8.1 seconds for moderate to severe ARDS; p < 0.05). Stiffening correlated with the cytokines interleukin IL-1β, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, and IL-10 but not with interferon-γ, transforming growth factor-β, IL-6, or IL-17. Strong stiffening was induced by IL-1β, IL-8, and TNF-α but not by IL-10, and incubations with sera and blocking antibodies against IL-1β, IL-8, or TNF-α significantly diminished the stiffening effect of serum. In contrast, the measurements of integrin expression (CD11b, CD11a, CD18, CD49d) and leukocyte–endothelium adhesion showed a weak and slow response after incubation with the sera of patients with ARDS (several hours), suggesting a lesser role of leukocyte adhesiveness compared with leukocyte stiffness in early ARDS. Conclusions The leukocyte stiffening induced by cytokines in the sera of patients might play a role in the sequestration of leukocytes in the lung capillary beds during early ARDS. The inhibition of leukocyte stiffening with blocking antibodies might inspire future therapeutic strategies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13054-015-1157-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Preira
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France. .,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France.
| | - Jean-Marie Forel
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Réanimation des Détresses Respiratoires et des Infections Sévères, 13015, Marseille, France. .,Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de médecine, URMITE UMR CNRS 7278, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Philippe Robert
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France. .,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France.
| | - Paulin Nègre
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France
| | - Martine Biarnes-Pelicot
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France.,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France
| | - Francois Xeridat
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Réanimation des Détresses Respiratoires et des Infections Sévères, 13015, Marseille, France. .,Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de médecine, URMITE UMR CNRS 7278, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Pierre Bongrand
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France. .,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France.
| | - Laurent Papazian
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital Nord, Réanimation des Détresses Respiratoires et des Infections Sévères, 13015, Marseille, France. .,Aix-Marseille Université, Faculté de médecine, URMITE UMR CNRS 7278, 13005, Marseille, France.
| | - Olivier Theodoly
- Adhésion et Inflammation, Université Aix-Marseille, INSERM U1067, CNRS UMR7333, 163 avenue de Luminy, Marseille, 13009, France. .,Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, F-13285 Cedx 05, Marseille, France.
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27
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Nurden AT, Pillois X, Fiore M, Alessi MC, Bonduel M, Dreyfus M, Goudemand J, Gruel Y, Benabdallah-Guerida S, Latger-Cannard V, Négrier C, Nugent D, Oiron RD, Rand ML, Sié P, Trossaert M, Alberio L, Martins N, Sirvain-Trukniewicz P, Couloux A, Canault M, Fronthroth JP, Fretigny M, Nurden P, Heilig R, Vinciguerra C. Expanding the Mutation Spectrum Affecting αIIbβ3 Integrin in Glanzmann Thrombasthenia: Screening of the ITGA2B and ITGB3 Genes in a Large International Cohort. Hum Mutat 2016; 36:548-61. [PMID: 25728920 DOI: 10.1002/humu.22776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the largest international study on Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT), an inherited bleeding disorder where defects of the ITGA2B and ITGB3 genes cause quantitative or qualitative defects of the αIIbβ3 integrin, a key mediator of platelet aggregation. Sequencing of the coding regions and splice sites of both genes in members of 76 affected families identified 78 genetic variants (55 novel) suspected to cause GT. Four large deletions or duplications were found by quantitative real-time PCR. Families with mutations in either gene were indistinguishable in terms of bleeding severity that varied even among siblings. Families were grouped into type I and the rarer type II or variant forms with residual αIIbβ3 expression. Variant forms helped identify genes encoding proteins mediating integrin activation. Splicing defects and stop codons were common for both ITGA2B and ITGB3 and essentially led to a reduced or absent αIIbβ3 expression; included was a heterozygous c.1440-13_c.1440-1del in intron 14 of ITGA2B causing exon skipping in seven unrelated families. Molecular modeling revealed how many missense mutations induced subtle changes in αIIb and β3 domain structure across both subunits, thereby interfering with integrin maturation and/or function. Our study extends knowledge of GT and the pathophysiology of an integrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut de Rhythmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
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Analysis of Post-Liver Transplant Hepatitis C Virus Recurrence Using Serial Cluster of Differentiation Antibody Microarrays. Transplantation 2015; 99:e120-6. [PMID: 25706280 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus (HCV) reinfection of the liver allograft after transplantation is universal, with some individuals suffering severe disease recurrence. Predictive markers of recurrent disease severity are urgently needed. In this study, we used a cluster of differentiation (CD) microarray to predict the severity of HCV recurrence after transplantation. METHODS The CD antibody microarray assays of live leukocytes were performed on peripheral blood taken in the first year after transplantation. The results were grouped into phases defined as; Pre-transplant (day 0), Early (day 3 to week 2), Mid (week 4 to week 10), and Late (week 12 to week 26). Hepatitis C virus severity was based on fibrosis stages in the first 2 years (F0-1 mild and F2-4 severe). RESULTS Serial blood samples from 16 patients were taken before and after liver transplantation. A total of 98 assays were performed. Follow-up was 3 years or longer. Comparing recurrence severity, significantly greater numbers of CD antigens were differentially expressed on the pretransplant samples compared to any posttransplant timepoints. Five differentially expressed CD antigens before transplantation (CD27 PH, CD182, CD260, CD41, and CD34) were significantly expressed comparing severe to mild recurrence, whereas expression of only CD152 was significant in the late phase after transplantation. No relationship was observed between the donor or recipient interleukin-28B genotypes and HCV recurrence severity. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that circulating leukocyte CD antigen expression has utility in assessing recurrent HCV disease severity after liver transplantation and serves as a proof of principle. Importantly, pretransplant CD antigen expression is most predictive of disease outcome.
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29
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Leishmania infection modulates beta-1 integrin activation and alters the kinetics of monocyte spreading over fibronectin. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12862. [PMID: 26249106 PMCID: PMC4528201 DOI: 10.1038/srep12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Contact with Leishmania leads to a decreases in mononuclear phagocyte adherence to connective tissue. In this work, we studied the early stages of bond formation between VLA4 and fibronectin, measured the kinetics of membrane alignment and the monocyte cytoplasm spreading area over a fibronectin-coated surface, and studied the expression of high affinity integrin epitope in uninfected and Leishmania-infected human monocytes. Our results show that the initial VLA4-mediated interaction of Leishmania-infected monocyte with a fibronectin-coated surface is preserved, however, the later stage, leukocyte spreading over the substrate is abrogated in Leishmania-infected cells. The median of spreading area was 72 [55–89] μm2 for uninfected and 41 [34–51] μm2 for Leishmania-infected monocyte. This cytoplasm spread was inhibited using an anti-VLA4 blocking antibody. After the initial contact with the fibronectrin-coated surface, uninfected monocyte quickly spread the cytoplasm at a 15 μm2 s−1 ratio whilst Leishmania-infected monocytes only made small contacts at a 5.5 μm2 s−1 ratio. The expression of high affinity epitope by VLA4 (from 39 ± 21% to 14 ± 3%); and LFA1 (from 37 ± 32% to 18 ± 16%) molecules was reduced in Leishmania-infected monocytes. These changes in phagocyte function may be important for parasite dissemination and distribution of lesions in leishmaniasis.
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Abstract
The gene variants responsible for the primary genotype of many platelet disorders have now been identified. Next-generation sequencing technology (NGST), mainly exome sequencing, has highlighted genes responsible for defects in platelet secretion (NBEAL2, gray platelet syndrome), procoagulant activity (STIM1, Stormorken syndrome), and activation pathways (RASGRP2, CalDAG-GEFI deficiency and integrin dysfunction; PRKACG, cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase deficiency). Often disorders of platelet function are associated with a modified platelet production with changes in platelet number and size and can accompany malfunction of other organs or tissues. Most families have private mutations, and gene variants may prevent protein synthesis, abrogate function, or result in aberrant activated proteins. Nevertheless, bleeding severity is difficult to predict by genotype alone suggesting other factors. A major new challenge of NGST is to identify these factors and help improve patient care. This review concentrates on recent developments and is illustrated from personal observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A T Nurden
- Institut de Rhythmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - P Nurden
- Institut de Rhythmologie et de Modélisation Cardiaque, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
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31
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Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III: clinical features and treatment with stem cell transplantation. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2015; 37:264-8. [PMID: 25072369 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000000228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency type III (LADIII) is an autosomal recessive disorder that presents with a severe leukocyte adhesion defect and a Glanzmann-type thrombocytopathy. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)--the only definitive treatment for LADIII--appears to have a high rate of complications. In this study, we describe a new group of patients with LADIII, highlighting further clinical and immunologic aspects of this disease, and reevaluating the effectiveness of HSCT for its treatment. The patients had clinical and laboratory findings consistent with LADIII. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of a mutation in the kindlin-3 gene. HSCT was carried out in 3 patients and was successful in 2. The diagnosis of LADIII should be considered in all patients who present with recurrent infections and a bleeding diathesis, regardless of the leukocyte count. LADIII is a primary immune deficiency, which can be successfully corrected by bone marrow transplantation if applied early in the course of the disease using appropriate conditioning.
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32
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Verma NK, Kelleher D. Adaptor regulation of LFA-1 signaling in T lymphocyte migration: Potential druggable targets for immunotherapies? Eur J Immunol 2014; 44:3484-99. [PMID: 25251823 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201344428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The integrin lymphocyte function associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) plays a key role in leukocyte trafficking and in adaptive immune responses through interactions with adhesive ligands, such as ICAM-1. Specific blockade of these interactions has validated LFA-1 as a therapeutic target in many chronic inflammatory diseases, however LFA-1 antagonists have not been clinically successful due to the development of a general immunosuppression, causing fatal side effects. Growing evidence has now established that LFA-1 mediates an array of intracellular signaling pathways by triggering a number of downstream molecules. In this context, a class of multimodular domain-containing proteins capable of recruiting two or more effector molecules, collectively known as "adaptor proteins," has emerged as important mediators in LFA-1 signal transduction. Here, we provide an overview of the adaptor proteins involved in the intracellular signaling cascades by which LFA-1 regulates T-cell motility and immune responses. The complexity of the LFA-1-associated signaling delineated in this review suggests that it may be an important and challenging focus for future research, enabling the identification of "tunable" targets for the development of immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navin K Verma
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore
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33
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Etzioni A. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency III - when integrins activation fails. J Clin Immunol 2014; 34:900-3. [PMID: 25239689 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-014-0094-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amos Etzioni
- Ruth Children Hospital, Haifa, Rappaport Medical School, Technion, Haifa, Israel,
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34
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Rombouts C, Aerts A, Quintens R, Baselet B, El-Saghire H, Harms-Ringdahl M, Haghdoost S, Janssen A, Michaux A, Yentrapalli R, Benotmane MA, Van Oostveldt P, Baatout S. Transcriptomic profiling suggests a role for IGFBP5 in premature senescence of endothelial cells after chronic low dose rate irradiation. Int J Radiat Biol 2014; 90:560-74. [PMID: 24646080 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2014.905724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Ionizing radiation has been recognized to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). However, there is no consensus concerning the dose-risk relationship for low radiation doses and a mechanistic understanding of low dose effects is needed. MATERIAL AND METHODS Previously, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were exposed to chronic low dose rate radiation (1.4 and 4.1 mGy/h) during one, three and six weeks which resulted in premature senescence in cells exposed to 4.1 mGy/h. To gain more insight into the underlying signaling pathways, we analyzed gene expression changes in these cells using microarray technology. The obtained data were analyzed in a dual approach, combining single gene expression analysis and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. RESULTS An early stress response was observed after one week of exposure to 4.1 mGy/h which was replaced by a more inflammation-related expression profile after three weeks and onwards. This early stress response may trigger the radiation-induced premature senescence previously observed in HUVEC irradiated with 4.1 mGy/h. A dedicated analysis pointed to the involvement of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) signaling in radiation-induced premature senescence. CONCLUSION Our findings motivate further research on the shape of the dose-response and the dose rate effect for radiation-induced vascular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Rombouts
- Radiobiology Unit, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre, SCK•CEN , Mol , Belgium
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35
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Canault M, Ghalloussi D, Grosdidier C, Guinier M, Perret C, Chelghoum N, Germain M, Raslova H, Peiretti F, Morange PE, Saut N, Pillois X, Nurden AT, Cambien F, Pierres A, van den Berg TK, Kuijpers TW, Alessi MC, Tregouet DA. Human CalDAG-GEFI gene (RASGRP2) mutation affects platelet function and causes severe bleeding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1349-62. [PMID: 24958846 PMCID: PMC4076591 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
First case of a human RASGRP2 mutation affecting Rap1 activation in platelets and causing severe bleeding. The nature of an inherited platelet disorder was investigated in three siblings affected by severe bleeding. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified the culprit mutation (cG742T) in the RAS guanyl-releasing protein-2 (RASGRP2) gene coding for calcium- and DAG-regulated guanine exchange factor-1 (CalDAG-GEFI). Platelets from individuals carrying the mutation present a reduced ability to activate Rap1 and to perform proper αIIbβ3 integrin inside-out signaling. Expression of CalDAG-GEFI mutant in HEK293T cells abolished Rap1 activation upon stimulation. Nevertheless, the PKC- and ADP-dependent pathways allow residual platelet activation in the absence of functional CalDAG-GEFI. The mutation impairs the platelet’s ability to form thrombi under flow and spread normally as a consequence of reduced Rac1 GTP-binding. Functional deficiencies were confined to platelets and megakaryocytes with no leukocyte alteration. This contrasts with the phenotype seen in type III leukocyte adhesion deficiency caused by the absence of kindlin-3. Heterozygous did not suffer from bleeding and have normal platelet aggregation; however, their platelets mimicked homozygous ones by failing to undergo normal adhesion under flow and spreading. Rescue experiments on cultured patient megakaryocytes corrected the functional deficiency after transfection with wild-type RASGRP2. Remarkably, the presence of a single normal allele is sufficient to prevent bleeding, making CalDAG-GEFI a novel and potentially safe therapeutic target to prevent thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Canault
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Dorsaf Ghalloussi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Charlotte Grosdidier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Marie Guinier
- Post-Genomic Platform of Pitié-Salpêtrière (P3S), Pierre and Marie Curie University, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Claire Perret
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France Inserm, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013 Paris, France ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Nadjim Chelghoum
- Post-Genomic Platform of Pitié-Salpêtrière (P3S), Pierre and Marie Curie University, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Marine Germain
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France Inserm, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013 Paris, France ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Hana Raslova
- Hématopoïèse Normale et Pathologique, Inserm Médicale U1009, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Franck Peiretti
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Pierre E Morange
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Noemie Saut
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Pillois
- LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique et d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France Inserm, UMR_1034, 33600 Pessac, France
| | | | - François Cambien
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France Inserm, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013 Paris, France ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Anne Pierres
- Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France Inserm, UMR_1067, 13288 Marseille, France CNRS UMR_7333, 13288 Marseille, France
| | - Timo K van den Berg
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Taco W Kuijpers
- Department of Blood Cell Research, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), UMR_S 1062, 13005 Marseille, France Inra, UMR_INRA 1260, 13005 Marseille, France Aix Marseille Université, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - David-Alexandre Tregouet
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, UMR_S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France Inserm, UMR_S 1166, Team Genomics and Pathophysiology of Cardiovascular Diseases, F-75013 Paris, France ICAN Institute for Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, F-75013 Paris, France
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36
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ADAP interactions with talin and kindlin promote platelet integrin αIIbβ3 activation and stable fibrinogen binding. Blood 2014; 123:3156-65. [PMID: 24523237 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2013-08-520627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
ADAP is a hematopoietic-restricted adapter protein that promotes integrin activation and is a carrier for other adapter proteins, Src kinase-associated phosphoprotein 1 (SKAP1) and SKAP2. In T lymphocytes, SKAP1 is the ADAP-associated molecule that activates integrins through direct linkages with Rap1 effectors (regulator of cell adhesion and polarization enriched in lymphoid tissues; Rap1-interacting adapter molecule). ADAP also promotes integrin αIIbβ3 activation in platelets, which lack SKAP1, suggesting an ADAP integrin-regulatory pathway different from those in lymphocytes. Here we characterized a novel association between ADAP and 2 essential integrin-β cytoplasmic tail-binding proteins involved in αIIbβ3 activation, talin and kindlin-3. Glutathione S-transferase pull-downs identified distinct regions in ADAP necessary for association with kindlin or talin. ADAP was physically proximal to talin and kindlin-3 in human platelets, as assessed biochemically, and by immunofluorescence microscopy and proximity ligation. Relative to wild-type mouse platelets, ADAP-deficient platelets exhibited reduced co-localization of talin with αIIbβ3, and reduced irreversible fibrinogen binding in response to a protease activated receptor 4 (PAR4) thrombin receptor agonist. When ADAP was heterologously expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells co-expressing αIIbβ3, talin, PAR1, and kindlin-3, it associated with an αIIbβ3/talin complex and enabled kindlin-3 to promote agonist-dependent ligand binding to αIIbβ3. Thus, ADAP uniquely promotes activation of and irreversible fibrinogen binding to platelet αIIbβ3 through interactions with talin and kindlin-3.
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Ham H, Billadeau DD. Human immunodeficiency syndromes affecting human natural killer cell cytolytic activity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:2. [PMID: 24478771 PMCID: PMC3896857 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 01/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes of the innate immune system that secrete cytokines upon activation and mediate the killing of tumor cells and virus-infected cells, especially those that escape the adaptive T cell response caused by the down regulation of MHC-I. The induction of cytotoxicity requires that NK cells contact target cells through adhesion receptors, and initiate activation signaling leading to increased adhesion and accumulation of F-actin at the NK cell cytotoxic synapse. Concurrently, lytic granules undergo minus-end directed movement and accumulate at the microtubule-organizing center through the interaction with microtubule motor proteins, followed by polarization of the lethal cargo toward the target cell. Ultimately, myosin-dependent movement of the lytic granules toward the NK cell plasma membrane through F-actin channels, along with soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor-dependent fusion, promotes the release of the lytic granule contents into the cleft between the NK cell and target cell resulting in target cell killing. Herein, we will discuss several disease-causing mutations in primary immunodeficiency syndromes and how they impact NK cell-mediated killing by disrupting distinct steps of this tightly regulated process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoungjun Ham
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
| | - Daniel D Billadeau
- Department of Immunology, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA ; Division of Oncology Research and Schulze Center for Novel Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic , Rochester, MN , USA
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Abaeva AA, Canault M, Kotova YN, Obydennyy SI, Yakimenko AO, Podoplelova NA, Kolyadko VN, Chambost H, Mazurov AV, Ataullakhanov FI, Nurden AT, Alessi MC, Panteleev MA. Procoagulant platelets form an α-granule protein-covered "cap" on their surface that promotes their attachment to aggregates. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:29621-32. [PMID: 23995838 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.474163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Strongly activated "coated" platelets are characterized by increased phosphatidylserine (PS) surface expression, α-granule protein retention, and lack of active integrin αIIbβ3. To study how they are incorporated into thrombi despite a lack of free activated integrin, we investigated the structure, function, and formation of the α-granule protein "coat." Confocal microscopy revealed that fibrin(ogen) and thrombospondin colocalized as "cap," a single patch on the PS-positive platelet surface. In aggregates, the cap was located at the point of attachment of the PS-positive platelets. Without fibrin(ogen) retention, their ability to be incorporated in aggregates was drastically reduced. The surface fibrin(ogen) was strongly decreased in the presence of a fibrin polymerization inhibitor GPRP and also in platelets from a patient with dysfibrinogenemia and a fibrinogen polymerization defect. In contrast, a fibrinogen-clotting protease ancistron increased the amount of fibrin(ogen) and thrombospondin on the surface of the PS-positive platelets stimulated with collagen-related peptide. Transglutaminases are also involved in fibrin(ogen) retention. However, platelets from patients with factor XIII deficiency had normal retention, and a pan-transglutaminase inhibitor T101 had only a modest inhibitory effect. Fibrin(ogen) retention was normal in Bernard-Soulier syndrome and kindlin-3 deficiency, but not in Glanzmann thrombasthenia lacking the platelet pool of fibrinogen and αIIbβ3. These data show that the fibrin(ogen)-covered cap, predominantly formed as a result of fibrin polymerization, is a critical mechanism that allows coated (or rather "capped") platelets to become incorporated into thrombi despite their lack of active integrins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia A Abaeva
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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39
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Brodovitch A, Bongrand P, Pierres A. T lymphocytes sense antigens within seconds and make a decision within one minute. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 191:2064-71. [PMID: 23898039 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1300523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Adaptive immune responses are triggered by the rapid and sensitive detection of MHC-bound peptides by TCRs. The kinetics of early TCR/APC contacts are incompletely known. In this study, we used total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy to image human T cell membranes near model surfaces: contact was mediated by mobile protrusions of <0.4 μm diameter. The mean lifetime of contacts with a neutral surface was 8.6 s. Adhesive interactions increased mean contact time to 27.6 s. Additional presence of TCR ligands dramatically decreased contact to 13.7 s, thus evidencing TCR-mediated triggering of a pulling motion within seconds after ligand encounter. After an interaction typically involving 30-40 contacts formed during a 1-min observation period, TCR stimulation triggered a rapid and active cell spreading. Pulling events and cell spreading were mimicked by pharmacological phospholipase Cγ1 activation, and they were prevented by phospholipase Cγ1 inhibition. These results provide a quantitative basis for elucidating the earliest cell response to the detection of foreign Ags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Brodovitch
- Laboratoire Adhésion Cellulaire et Inflammation, Parc Scientifique de Luminy, Aix-Marseille Université, 13288 Marseille Cedex 09, France
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40
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Robert P, Touchard D, Bongrand P, Pierres A. Biophysical description of multiple events contributing blood leukocyte arrest on endothelium. Front Immunol 2013; 4:108. [PMID: 23750158 PMCID: PMC3654224 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood leukocytes have a remarkable capacity to bind to and stop on specific blood vessel areas. Many studies have disclosed a key role of integrin structural changes following the interaction of rolling leukocytes with surface-bound chemoattractants. However, the functional significance of structural data and mechanisms of cell arrest are incompletely understood. Recent experiments revealed the unexpected complexity of several key steps of cell-surface interaction: (i) ligand-receptor binding requires a minimum amount of time to proceed and this is influenced by forces. (ii) Also, molecular interactions at interfaces are not fully accounted for by the interaction properties of soluble molecules. (iii) Cell arrest depends on nanoscale topography and mechanical properties of the cell membrane, and these properties are highly dynamic. Here, we summarize these results and we discuss their relevance to recent functional studies of integrin-receptor association in cells from a patient with type III leukocyte adhesion deficiency. It is concluded that an accurate understanding of all physical events listed in this review is needed to unravel the precise role of the multiple molecules and biochemical pathway involved in arrest triggering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Robert
- Laboratoire Adhésion and Inflammation, Aix-Marseille Université Marseille, France ; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Marseille, France ; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Marseille, France ; Laboratoire d'Immunologie, Hôpitaux de Marseille, Hôpital de la Conception Marseille, France
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) syndromes are rare genetically determined conditions with challenging clinical features. These immunodeficiencies also provide insights that are broadly relevant to the biology of leukocytes, platelets, intercellular interactions, and intracellular signaling. Recent discoveries merit their review in the context of existing knowledge. RECENT FINDINGS New activities of β(2) integrins, which are deficient or absent in LAD-I, and new β(2) integrin-dependent functions of neutrophils and other leukocytes have recently been identified. Genetic defects and mechanisms accounting for impaired fucosylation of selectin ligands and defective selectin binding and signaling in LAD-II are now apparent. LAD-III, which presents with bleeding similar to that in Glanzmann thrombasthenia and platelet dysfunction in addition to impaired leukocyte adhesion, is now known to be due to absence of KINDLIN-3, a cytoplasmic protein that acts cooperatively with TALIN-1 in activating β(1), β(2), and β(3) integrins. Understanding of the leukocyte adhesion cascade and interactions of leukocytes with inflamed endothelium, which are impaired in each of the LAD syndromes, continues to be refined. SUMMARY Although LAD syndromes are rare maladies, their investigation is generating new knowledge directly applicable to the diagnosis and care of patients and to fundamental paradigms in immunobiology and hemostasis.
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Gachet C. Les mécanismes moléculaires de l’activation plaquettaire. BULLETIN DE L ACADEMIE NATIONALE DE MEDECINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0001-4079(19)31591-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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43
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van de Vijver E, van den Berg TK, Kuijpers TW. Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiencies. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2013; 27:101-16, viii. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2012.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Gruda R, Brown ACN, Grabovsky V, Mizrahi S, Gur C, Feigelson SW, Achdout H, Bar-On Y, Alon R, Aker M, Davis DM, Mandelboim O. Loss of kindlin-3 alters the threshold for NK cell activation in human leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III. Blood 2012; 120:3915-24. [PMID: 22983444 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-02-410795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that kindlin-3 is a major coactivator, required for most, if not all, integrin activities. Here we studied the function of kindlin-3 in regulating NK cell activation by studying a patient with kindlin-3 deficiency (leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III). We found that kindlin-3 is required for NK cell migration and adhesion under shear force. Surprisingly, we also found that kindlin-3 lowers the threshold for NK cell activation. Loss of kindlin-3 has a pronounced effect on NK cell-mediated cytotoxicity triggered by single activating receptors. In contrast, for activation through multiple receptors, kindlin-3 deficiency is overcome and target cells killed. The realization that NK cell activity is impaired, but not absent in leukocyte adhesion deficiency, may lead to the development of more efficient therapy for this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raizy Gruda
- Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Jerusalem, Israel
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Topalov NN, Yakimenko AO, Canault M, Artemenko EO, Zakharova NV, Abaeva AA, Loosveld M, Ataullakhanov FI, Nurden AT, Alessi MC, Panteleev MA. Two Types of Procoagulant Platelets Are Formed Upon Physiological Activation and Are Controlled by Integrin α
IIb
β
3. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012; 32:2475-83. [DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.112.253765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective—
Phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization by platelets upon activation is a key event in hemostasis and thrombosis. It is currently believed that strong stimulation of platelets forms 2 subpopulations, only 1 of which expresses PS.
Methods and Results—
Here, we demonstrate that physiological stimulation leads to the formation of not 1 but 2 types of PS-expressing activated platelets, with dramatically different properties. One subpopulation sustained increased calcium level after activation, whereas another returned to the basal low-calcium state. High-calcium PS-positive platelets had smaller size, high surface density of fibrin(ogen), no active integrin α
IIb
β
3
, depolarized mitochondrial membranes, gradually lost cytoplasmic membrane integrity, and were poorly aggregated. In contrast, the low-calcium PS-positive platelets had normal size, retained mitochondrial membrane potential and cytoplasmic membrane integrity, and combined retention of fibrin(ogen) with active α
IIb
β
3
and high proaggregatory function. Formation of low-calcium PS-positive platelets was promoted by platelet concentration increase or shaking and was decreased by integrin α
IIb
β
3
antagonists, platelet dilution, or in platelets from kindlin-3–deficient and Glanzmann thrombasthenia patients.
Conclusion—
Identification of a novel PS-expressing platelet subpopulation with low calcium regulated by integrin α
IIb
β
3
can be important for understanding the mechanisms of PS exposure and thrombus formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay N. Topalov
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Alena O. Yakimenko
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Matthias Canault
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Elena O. Artemenko
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Natalia V. Zakharova
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Anastasia A. Abaeva
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Marie Loosveld
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Fazoil I. Ataullakhanov
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Alan T. Nurden
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Marie-Christine Alessi
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
| | - Mikhail A. Panteleev
- From the Center for Theoretical Problems of Physicochemical Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia (N.N.T., E.O.A., N.V.Z., A.A.A., F.I.A., M.A.P.); HemaCore LLC, Moscow, Russia (A.O.Y., F.I.A., M.A.P.); Université de la Méditerranée, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); Laboratoire d’Hématologie, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille Cedex, France (M.C., M.L., M-C.A.); National Research Centre for Hematology, Moscow, Russia (F
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Abstract
Lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) is a heterodimeric integrin consisting of αL (gene name, Itgal) and β2 (gene name, Itgb2) subunits expressed in all leukocytes. LFA-1 is essential for neutrophil recruitment to inflamed tissue. Activation of LFA-1 by chemokines allows neutrophils and other leukocytes to undergo arrest, resulting in firm adhesion on endothelia expressing intercellular adhesion molecules (ICAMs). In mice, CXCR2 is the primary chemokine receptor involved in triggering neutrophil arrest, and it does so through “inside-out” activation of LFA-1. CXCR2 signaling induces changes in LFA-1 conformation that are coupled to affinity upregulation of the ligand-binding headpiece (extended with open I domain). Unlike naïve lymphocytes, engagement of P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) on neutrophils stimulates a slow rolling behavior that is mediated by LFA-1 in a distinct activation state (extended with closed I domain). How inside-out signaling cascades regulate the structure and function of LFA-1 is being studied using flow chambers, intravital microscopy, and flow cytometry for ligand and reporter antibody binding. Here, we review how LFA-1 activation is regulated by cellular signaling and ligand binding. Two FERM domain-containing proteins, talin-1 and Kindlin-3, are critical integrin co-activators and have distinct roles in the induction of LFA-1 conformational rearrangements. This review integrates these new results into existing models of LFA-1 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig T Lefort
- Division of Inflammation Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
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Harris ES, Smith TL, Springett GM, Weyrich AS, Zimmerman GA. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency-I variant syndrome (LAD-Iv, LAD-III): molecular characterization of the defect in an index family. Am J Hematol 2012; 87:311-3. [PMID: 22139635 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.22253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiencies are rare clinical syndromes of impaired host defense that provide novel insights into regulation of immune and inflammatory responses. Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD)-I variant (LAD-Iv), also called LAD-III, is a unique disorder in which inside-out signaling of β₁, β₂, and β₃ integrins on leukocytes and platelets is disrupted, leading to impaired cellular adhesion, recurrent infections, and bleeding. We originally reported the second patient with this disorder to be identified and characterized the adhesive deficiencies and functional phenotype of this subject's leukocytes. Here, we show that the molecular defect in this index subject is a new mutation in FERMT3 (KINDLIN-3) which encodes KINDLIN-3, a cytoskeletal protein that interacts with the cytoplasmic tails of β₁, β₂, and β₃ integrins and is required for inside-out and outside-in signaling of these heterodimers. We also report clinical features and previously unrecognized defects in cells from a new patient, a sibling of the original subject that we described who carries the same FERMT3 mutation. Mutations in FERMT3 have now been shown to be the basis for LAD-Iv/LAD-III in each of the four original patients or families that established this syndrome, including the family that we describe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estelle S Harris
- Department of Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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48
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van de Vijver E, Maddalena A, Sanal Ö, Holland SM, Uzel G, Madkaikar M, de Boer M, van Leeuwen K, Köker MY, Parvaneh N, Fischer A, Law SKA, Klein N, Tezcan FI, Unal E, Patiroglu T, Belohradsky BH, Schwartz K, Somech R, Kuijpers TW, Roos D. Hematologically important mutations: leukocyte adhesion deficiency (first update). Blood Cells Mol Dis 2011; 48:53-61. [PMID: 22134107 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Leukocyte adhesion deficiency (LAD) is an immunodeficiency caused by defects in the adhesion of leukocytes (especially neutrophils) to the blood vessel wall. As a result, patients with LAD suffer from severe bacterial infections and impaired wound healing, accompanied by neutrophilia. In LAD-I, mutations are found in ITGB2, the gene that encodes the β subunit of the β(2) integrins. This syndrome is characterized directly after birth by delayed separation of the umbilical cord. In the rare LAD-II disease, the fucosylation of selectin ligands is disturbed, caused by mutations in SLC35C1, the gene that encodes a GDP-fucose transporter of the Golgi system. LAD-II patients lack the H and Lewis Le(a) and Le(b) blood group antigens. Finally, in LAD-III (also called LAD-I/variant) the conformational activation of the hematopoietically expressed β integrins is disturbed, leading to leukocyte and platelet dysfunction. This last syndrome is caused by mutations in FERMT3, encoding the kindlin-3 protein in all blood cells that is involved in the regulation of β integrin conformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith van de Vijver
- Sanquin Research, and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Kindlin-3 is required for the stabilization of TCR-stimulated LFA-1:ICAM-1 bonds critical for lymphocyte arrest and spreading on dendritic cells. Blood 2011; 117:7042-52. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2010-12-322859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kindlin-3 is a key lymphocyte function–associated antigen-1 (LFA-1) coactivator deleted in leukocyte adhesion deficiency-III (LAD-III). In the present study, we investigated the involvement of this adaptor in lymphocyte motility and TCR-triggered arrest on ICAM-1 or on dendritic cells (DCs). Kindlin-3–null primary T cells from a LAD-III patient migrated normally on the major lymph node chemokine CCL21 and engaged in normal TCR signaling. However, TCR activation of Kindlin-3–null T lymphocytes failed to trigger the robust LFA-1–mediated T-cell spreading on ICAM-1 and ICAM-1–expressing DCs that is observed in normal lymphocytes. Kindlin-3 was also essential for cytoskeletal anchorage of the LFA-1 heterodimer and for microclustering of LFA-1 within ventral focal dots of TCR-stimulated lymphocytes spread on ICAM-1. Surprisingly, LFA-1 on Kindlin-3–null lymphocytes migrating over CCL21 acquired normal expression of an epitope associated with the conformational activation of the key headpiece domain, β I. This activated LFA-1 was highly responsive to TCR-triggered ICAM-1–driven stop signals in normal T cells locomoting on CCL21, but not in their Kindlin-3–null T-cell counterparts. We suggest that Kindlin-3 selectively contributes to a final TCR-triggered outside-in stabilization of bonds generated between chemokine-primed LFA-1 molecules and cell-surface ICAM-1.
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