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Natrajan MS, Hall JM, Weigand MR, Peng Y, Williams MM, Momin M, Damron FH, Dubey P, Tondella ML, Pawloski LC. Genome-based prediction of cross-protective, HLA-DR-presented epitopes as putative vaccine antigens for multiple Bordetella species. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0352723. [PMID: 38054724 PMCID: PMC10783135 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03527-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Pertussis, caused by Bordetella pertussis, can cause debilitating respiratory symptoms, so whole-cell pertussis vaccines (wPVs) were introduced in the 1940s. However, reactogenicity of wPV necessitated the development of acellular pertussis vaccines (aPVs) that were introduced in the 1990s. Since then, until the COVID-19 pandemic began, reported pertussis incidence was increasing, suggesting that aPVs do not induce long-lasting immunity and may not effectively prevent transmission. Additionally, aPVs do not provide protection against other Bordetella species that are observed during outbreaks. The significance of this work is in determining potential new vaccine antigens for multiple Bordetella species that are predicted to elicit long-term immune responses. Genome-based approaches have aided the development of novel vaccines; here, these methods identified Bordetella vaccine candidates that may be cross-protective and predicted to induce strong memory responses. These targets can lead to an improved vaccine with a strong safety profile while also strengthening the longevity of the immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muktha S. Natrajan
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Laboratory Leadership Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jesse M. Hall
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael R. Weigand
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Yanhui Peng
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Margaret M. Williams
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Mohamed Momin
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Frederick Heath Damron
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Purnima Dubey
- Department of Microbial Infection and Immunity, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Maria Lucia Tondella
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Lucia C. Pawloski
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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2
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Activation-induced surface proteins in the identification of antigen-responsive CD4 T cells. Immunol Lett 2019; 219:1-7. [PMID: 31881234 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Identification of antigen specificity of CD4 T cells is instrumental in understanding adaptive immune responses in health and disease. The high diversity of CD4 T cell repertoire combined with the functional heterogeneity of the compartment poses a challenge to the assessment of CD4 T cell responses. In spite of that, multiple technologies allow direct or indirect interrogation of antigen specificity of CD4 T cells. In the last decade, multiple surface proteins have been established as cytokine-independent surrogates of in vitro CD4 T cell activation, and have found applications in the live identification and isolation of antigen-responsive CD4 T cells. Here we review the current knowledge of the surface proteins that permit identification of viable antigen-responsive CD4 T cells with high specificity, including those capable of identifying specialized CD4 T subsets such as germinal center follicular helper T cells and CD4 regulatory T cells.
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3
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Patricia D'Souza M, Allen MA, Baumblatt JAG, Boggiano C, Crotty S, Grady C, Havenar-Daughton C, Heit A, Hu DJ, Kunwar N, McElrath MJ. Innovative approaches to track lymph node germinal center responses to evaluate development of broadly neutralizing antibodies in human HIV vaccine trials. Vaccine 2018; 36:5671-5677. [PMID: 30097219 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Revised: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Phase 1 clinical studies will soon evaluate novel HIV-1 envelope immunogens targeting distinct 'germline' and memory B cell receptors to ultimately elicit HIV-1 broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs). The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) recently convened a panel of US-based expert scientists, clinicians, sponsors and ethicists to discuss the role of sampling draining lymph nodes within preventive HIV vaccine trials. The meeting addressed the importance of evaluating germinal center (GC) responses following immunization to predict bNAb potency and breadth, and reviewed key aspects of this procedure within the clinical research setting, including informed consent, adverse event monitoring, study participant acceptability, medical expertise and training. We review highlights from the meeting and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of sampling lymph nodes by excisional biopsies compared to fine needle aspirations (FNA) in the context of prophylactic HIV vaccine trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Shane Crotty
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Colin Havenar-Daughton
- Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Antje Heit
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
| | - Dale J Hu
- Division of AIDS, NIAID, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, USA
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4
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Bowyer G, Grobbelaar A, Rampling T, Venkatraman N, Morelle D, Ballou RW, Hill AVS, Ewer KJ. CXCR3 + T Follicular Helper Cells Induced by Co-Administration of RTS,S/AS01B and Viral-Vectored Vaccines Are Associated With Reduced Immunogenicity and Efficacy Against Malaria. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1660. [PMID: 30090099 PMCID: PMC6068239 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A malaria vaccine strategy targeting multiple lifecycle stages may be required to achieve a high level of efficacy. In two Phase IIa clinical trials, we tested immunogenicity and efficacy of RTS,S/AS01B administered alone, in a staggered regimen with viral-vectored vaccines or co-administered with viral-vectored vaccines. RTS,S/AS01B induces high titers of antibody against sporozoites and viral-vectored vaccines ChAd63 ME-TRAP and MVA ME-TRAP induce potent T cell responses against infected hepatocytes. By combining these two strategies, we aimed to improve efficacy by inducing immune responses targeting multiple parasite antigens. Vaccination with RTS,S/AS01B alone or in a staggered regimen with viral vectors produced strong immune responses and demonstrated high levels of protection against controlled human malaria infection. However, concomitant administration of these vaccines significantly reduced humoral immunogenicity and protective efficacy. Strong Th1-biased cytokine responses induced by MVA ME-TRAP were associated with a skew in circulating T follicular helper cells toward a CXCR3+ phenotype and a reduction in antibody quantity and quality. This study illustrates that while a multistage-targeting vaccine strategy could provide high-level efficacy, the regimen design will require careful optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Bowyer
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Grobbelaar
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Tommy Rampling
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Adrian V S Hill
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Katie J Ewer
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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5
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Aid M, Dupuy FP, Moysi E, Moir S, Haddad EK, Estes JD, Sekaly RP, Petrovas C, Ribeiro SP. Follicular CD4 T Helper Cells As a Major HIV Reservoir Compartment: A Molecular Perspective. Front Immunol 2018; 9:895. [PMID: 29967602 PMCID: PMC6015877 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective antiretroviral therapy (ART) has prevented the progression to AIDS and reduced HIV-related morbidities and mortality for the majority of infected individuals. However, a lifelong administration of ART is necessary, placing an inordinate burden on individuals and public health systems. Therefore, discovering therapeutic regimens able to eradicate or functionally cure HIV infection is of great importance. ART interruption leads to viral rebound highlighting the establishment and maintenance of a latent viral reservoir compartment even under long-term treatment. Follicular helper CD4 T cells (TFH) have been reported as a major cell compartment contributing to viral persistence, consequent to their susceptibility to infection and ability to release replication-competent new virions. Here, we discuss the molecular profiles and potential mechanisms that support the role of TFH cells as one of the major HIV reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Aid
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Frank P Dupuy
- Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, United States
| | - Eirini Moysi
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Susan Moir
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Elias K Haddad
- Division of Infectious Diseases & HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States
| | - Rafick Pierre Sekaly
- Pathology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Constantinos Petrovas
- Tissue Analysis Core, Immunology Laboratory, Vaccine Research Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Velu V, Mylvaganam G, Ibegbu C, Amara RR. Tfh1 Cells in Germinal Centers During Chronic HIV/SIV Infection. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1272. [PMID: 29928280 PMCID: PMC5997779 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
T follicular helper CD4 cells (Tfh) are essential for the development and maintenance of germinal center (GC) reactions, a critical process that promotes the generation of long-lived high affinity humoral immunity. It is becoming increasingly evident that GC-Tfh cells are heterogeneous in nature with some cellular characteristics associated with a Th1, Th2, and Th17 phenotype. Emerging studies suggest that GC-Tfh cells are directed to differentiate into distinct phenotypes during chronic HIV/SIV infection and these changes in GC-Tfh cells can greatly impact the B cell response and subclass of antibodies generated. Studies in HIV-infected humans have shown that certain Tfh phenotypes are associated with the generation of broadly neutralizing antibody responses. Moreover, the susceptibility of particular GC-Tfh subsets to HIV infection within the secondary lymphoid sites can also impact GC-Tfh/B cell interactions. In this review, we discuss the recent advances that show Tfh heterogeneity during chronic HIV/SIV infection. In particular, we will discuss the dynamics of GC-Tfh cells, their altered differentiation state and function, and their impact on B cell responses during HIV/SIV infection. In addition, we will also discuss the potential role of a recently described novel subset of follicular homing CXCR5+ CD8 T cells (Tfc) and their importance in contributing to control of chronic HIV/SIV infection. A better understanding of the mechanistic role of follicular homing CD4 and CD8 T cells during HIV/SIV infection will aid in the design of vaccines and therapeutic strategies to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayakumar Velu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Geetha Mylvaganam
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Chris Ibegbu
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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7
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da Silva Antunes R, Pham J, McMurtrey C, Hildebrand WH, Phillips E, Mallal S, Sidney J, Busse P, Peters B, Schulten V, Sette A. Urinary Peptides As a Novel Source of T Cell Allergen Epitopes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:886. [PMID: 29755469 PMCID: PMC5932195 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mouse allergy in both laboratory workers and in inner-city children is associated with allergic rhinitis and asthma, posing a serious public health concern. Urine is a major source of mouse allergens, as mice spray urine onto their surroundings, where the proteins dry up and become airborne on dust particles. Here, we tested whether oligopeptides that are abundant in mouse urine may contribute to mouse allergic T cell response. Over 1,300 distinct oligopeptides were detected by mass spectrometry analysis of the low molecular weight filtrate fraction of mouse urine (LoMo). Posttranslationally modified peptides were common, accounting for almost half of total peptides. A pool consisting of 225 unique oligopeptides of 13 residues or more in size identified within was tested for its capacity to elicit T cell reactivity in mouse allergic donors. Following 14-day in vitro stimulation of PBMCs, we detected responses in about 95% of donors tested, directed against 116 distinct peptides, predominantly associated with Th2 cytokines (IL-5). Peptides from non-urine related proteins such as epidermal growth factor, collagen, and Beta-globin accounted for the highest response (15.9, 9.1, and 8.1% of the total response, respectively). Peptides derived from major urinary proteins (MUPs), kidney androgen-regulated protein (KAP), and uromodulin were the main T cell targets from kidney or urine related sources. Further ex vivo analysis of enrichment of 4-1BB expressing cells demonstrated that LoMo pool-specific T cell reactivity can be detected directly ex vivo in mouse allergic but not in non-allergic donors. Further cytometric analysis of responding cells revealed a bone fide memory T cell phenotype and confirmed their Th2 polarization. Overall, these data suggest that mouse urine-derived oligopeptides are a novel target for mouse allergy-associated T cell responses, which may contribute to immunopathological mechanisms in mouse allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John Pham
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Curtis McMurtrey
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - William H Hildebrand
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Elizabeth Phillips
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Simon Mallal
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John Sidney
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Paula Busse
- Division of Clinical Immunology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bjoern Peters
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States.,University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Véronique Schulten
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States
| | - Alessandro Sette
- La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, CA, United States.,University of California San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, United States
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