1
|
Gu Z, Zhou G, Zhang X, Liang G, Xiao X, Dou Y. Research progress of plant medicine and Chinese herbal compounds in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis combined with osteoporosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 10:1288591. [PMID: 38274450 PMCID: PMC10808767 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1288591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease. The clinical manifestations of various joint pain and bone destruction are common. RA has a high disability rate and is closely related to local and systemic osteoporosis (OP). RA can occur at any age, however, its incidence increases with age. Most patients are 40 to 50 years old with an incidence among women approximately 3 to 5 times more than among men. Osteoporosis is a kind of metabolic bone disease characterized by bone mass and bone microstructure damage and is one of the common complications of RA. Currently, in the clinic, more patients develop RA with OP symptoms. Therefore, both OP and RA-related factors should be considered in the OP treatment of RA. Currently, there is more and more research on RA combined with OP drugs, including basic drugs, bone resorption inhibitors, bone formation promoters, and anti-rheumatic drugs to improve the condition. The high cost or limited efficacy of certain Western drugs, coupled with their potential for adverse reactions during treatment highlight the pressing need for novel pharmaceuticals in clinical practice. In recent years, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can improve the bone formation and bone resorption indexes of patients with RA, regulate the balance of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, and regulate the immune inflammatory response, so as to treat RA combined with OP. This article discusses the advancements in single Chinese medicine and Chinese medicine combination treatments for RA complicated with OP, focusing on the mechanism of action and syndrome differentiation and classification, to offer new ideas for future clinical prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianquan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guihong Liang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoxing Dou
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- The Research Team on Bone and Joint Degeneration and Injury of Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ji L, Huang P, Wang Q, Li X, Li Y. Modulation of the biological network of lumbar spinal stenosis by Tongdu Huoxue Decoction based on clinical metabolomics. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1074500. [PMID: 37025656 PMCID: PMC10070985 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1074500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: To explore the clinical efficacy and metabolic mechanism of Tongdu Huoxue Decoction (THD) in treating lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Methods: A total of 40 LSS patients and 20 healthy participants were recruited from January 2022 to June 2022. The patients' pre- and post-treatment visual analogue scale (VAS) and Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) scores were recorded. ELISA kits were used to assess pre- and post-treatment levels of serum Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), Alpha tumour necrosis factor (TNF-α) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Finally, the patients' pre- and post-treatment and healthy human sera were subjected to extensively targeted metabolomics using Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) to identify potential differential metabolites and metabolic pathways using multivariate statistical analysis. Results: Compared to the pre-treatment (group A), the patients' VAS scores decreased significantly (p < 0.05), while JOA scores increased significantly (p < 0.05) post-treatment (group B), indicating that THD could effectively improve the pain and lumbar spine function of LSS patients. Moreover, THD could effectively inhibit the expression of IL-1β, TNF-α and PGE2-associated inflammatory factors in serum. Regarding metabolomics, the levels of 41 differential metabolites were significantly different in the normal group (group NC) compared to group A, and those were significantly restored after treatment with THD, including chenodeoxycholic acid 3-sulfate, taurohyodeoxycholic acid, 3,5-Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzoic acid, pinocembrin. These biomarkers are mainly involved in purine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and amino acid metabolism. Conclusion: This clinical trial demonstrated that THD is effective in improving pain, lumbar spine function and serum levels of inflammation in patients with LSS. Moreover, its mechanism of action is related to the regulation of purine metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis and the expression of key biomarkers in the metabolic pathway of amino acid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luhong Ji
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Ping Huang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Central Theater General Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Xugui Li
- Hubei 672 Orthopaedic Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Xugui Li, ; Ying Li,
| | - Ying Li
- Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- *Correspondence: Xugui Li, ; Ying Li,
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhuo Y, Li M, Jiang Q, Ke H, Liang Q, Zeng LF, Fang J. Evolving Roles of Natural Terpenoids From Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:901545. [PMID: 35651977 PMCID: PMC9150774 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.901545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease which can lead to reduction in bone mass and increased risk of bone fracture due to the microstructural degradation. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis for a long time. Terpenoids, a class of natural products that are rich in TCM, have been widely studied for their therapeutic efficacy on bone resorption, osteogenesis, and concomitant inflammation. Terpenoids can be classified in four categories by structures, monoterpenoids, sesquiterpenoids, diterpenoids, and triterpenoids. In this review, we comprehensively summarize all the currently known TCM-derived terpenoids in the treatment of OP. In addition, we discuss the possible mechanistic-of-actions of all four category terpenoids in anti-OP and assess their therapeutic potential for OP treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhuo
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
| | - Meng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research in Structural Birth Defect Disease, Women and Children’s Medical Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyao Jiang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hanzhong Ke
- Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Qingchun Liang
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ling-Feng Zeng
- The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
| | - Jiansong Fang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yue Zhuo, ; Ling-Feng Zeng, ; Jiansong Fang,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu J, Chen X, Lv Y, Gao K, Liu Z, Zhao Y, Chen X, He X, Chu Y, Wu X, Ou A, Wen Z, Zhang J, Peng J, Huang Z, Jakobsson PJ, Huang Q, Huang R. Chinese Herbal Formula Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi Decoction Compared With Leflunomide in Combination With Methotrexate in Patients With Active Rheumatoid Arthritis: An Open-Label, Randomized, Controlled, Pilot Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:484. [PMID: 33015085 PMCID: PMC7498571 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Traditional Chinese Medicine is complementary and an alternative to modern medicine. The combination therapies of herbal products with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs are gradually and widely adopted in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China. Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huayu-Qiangshen-Tongbi (HQT) decoction, a Chinese medicine formula, combined with methotrexate (MTX) in the treatment of patients with active RA, in comparison with the combination therapy of MTX with leflunomide (LEF). Methods: This pilot study was a monocenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms. Ninety patients with active RA were randomly allocated to receive either HQT at a dose of 250 ml twice daily or LEF at a dose of 20 mg once daily, and all participants received MTX at a dose of 10-15 mg once weekly. The primary efficacy endpoint was the proportion of patients who achieved a 20% improvement in the American College of Rheumatology criteria (ACR20) after a 24-week treatment. Results: 84.4% (76/90) patients completed the 24-week observation. In the intention-to-treat analysis, the percentage values of patients achieving the ACR20 response criteria were 72.1% (31/43) in MTX + HQT group and 74.4% (32/43) in MTX + LEF group (p = 0.808). No significant difference was observed in other parameters, including ACR50, ACR70, clinical disease activity index good responses, European League Against Rheumatism good response, remission rate, and low disease activity rate. The results of the per-protocol analysis showed consistency with those of the intention-to-treat analysis. The mean change from baseline at week 24 for the van der Heijde modified total sharp score had no significant difference between two groups (3.59 ± 4.75 and 1.34 ± 8.67 in the MTX + HQT group and MTX + LEF group, respectively, p = 0.613). The frequency of adverse events was similar in both groups (11 cases in the MTX + HQT and 17 cases in the MTX + LEF, p > 0.05). Conclusions: In patients with active RA, treatment with the combination of HQT and MTX was associated with improvement in signs, symptoms, and physical function. With a beneficial clinical response and acceptable tolerability, HQT or other Chinese medicine formula may be a good therapeutic option in combination with MTX for RA treatment. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trails Registry, ChiCTR-INR-16009031, Registered on 15th August 2016, http://www.chictr.org.cn/enindex.aspx.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianghong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixin Gao
- Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehao Liu
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Guangxi, China
| | - Yue Zhao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiumin Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongliang Chu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Aihua Ou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Zehuai Wen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianyong Zhang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianhong Peng
- Dongguan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhisheng Huang
- Guangzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Huadu, China
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Qingchun Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China
| | - Runyue Huang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Guangzhou, China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, and State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
He J, Li X, Wang Z, Bennett S, Chen K, Xiao Z, Zhan J, Chen S, Hou Y, Chen J, Wang S, Xu J, Lin D. Therapeutic Anabolic and Anticatabolic Benefits of Natural Chinese Medicines for the Treatment of Osteoporosis. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1344. [PMID: 31824310 PMCID: PMC6886594 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a bone disease characterized by increasing osseous fragility and fracture due to the reduced bone mass and microstructural degradation. Primary pharmacological strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, hormone replacement treatment (HRT), and alendronate therapies may produce adverse side-effects and may not be recommended for long-term usage. Some classic and bone-specific natural Chinese medicine are very popularly used to treat osteoporosis and bone fracture effectively in clinical with their potential value in bone growth and development, but with few adverse side-effects. Current evidence suggests that the treatments appear to improve bone metabolism and attenuate the osteoporotic imbalance between bone formation and bone resorption at a cellular level by promoting osteoblast activity and inhibiting the effects of osteoclasts. The valuable therapies might, therefore, provide an effective and safer alternative to primary pharmacological strategies. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to comprehensively review these classic and bone-specific drugs in natural Chinese medicines for the treatment of osteoporosis that had been deeply and definitely studied and reported with both bone formation and antiresorption effects, including Gynochthodes officinalis (F.C.How) Razafim. & B.Bremer (syn. Morinda officinalis F.C.How), Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., Psoralea corylifolia (L.) Medik Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., Dipsacus inermis Wall. (syn. Dipsacus asperoides C.Y.Cheng & T.M.Ai), Cibotium barometz (L.) J. Sm., Velvet Antler, Cistanche deserticola Ma, Cuscuta chinensis Lam., Cnidium monnieri (L.) Cusson, Epimedium brevicornum Maxim, Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr. and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge., thus providing evidence for the potential use of alternative Chinese medicine therapies to effectively treat osteoporosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo He
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Formula-Pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Samuel Bennett
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Kai Chen
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Zhifeng Xiao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiheng Zhan
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shudong Chen
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Hou
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Shaofang Wang
- Centre for Legumes in Mediterranean Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jiake Xu
- The School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Dingkun Lin
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salvianolic acid B remits LPS-induced injury by up-regulating miR-142-3p in MH7A cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108876. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
|
7
|
Jia Q, Zhu R, Tian Y, Chen B, Li R, Li L, Wang L, Che Y, Zhao D, Mo F, Gao S, Zhang D. Salvia miltiorrhiza in diabetes: A review of its pharmacology, phytochemistry, and safety. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 58:152871. [PMID: 30851580 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salvia miltiorrhiza (SM), one of the frequently used herbs in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has now attracted rising interests for a possible alternative in the management of diabetes. This review is aimed to providing a comprehensive perspective of SM in phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities against diabetes and its complications, and safety. METHODS A comprehensive search of published literatures was conducted to locate original publications pertaining to SM and diabetes till the end of 2017 using PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, National Science and Technology Library, China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Web of Science database. The main inquiry was used for the presence of the following keywords in various combinations in the titles and abstracts: Salvia miltiorrhiza, diabetes, obesity, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and safety. About 200 research papers and reviews were consulted. RESULTS SM exhibited anti-diabetic activities by treating macro- and micro-vascular diseases in preclinical experiments and clinical trials through an improvement of redox homeostasis and inhibition of apoptosis and inflammation via the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin, TSP-1/TGF-β1/STAT3, JNK/PI3K/Akt, kinin B2 receptor-Akt-GSK-3β, AMPKβ/PGC-1α/Sirt3, Akt/AMPK, TXNIP/NLRP3, TGF-β1/NF-κB, mineralocorticoid receptor/Na+/K+-ATPase, AGEs/RAGE, Nrf2/Keap1, CaMKKβ/AMPK, AMPK/ACC, IRS-1/PI3K signaling pathways, and modulation of K+-Ca2+ channels, as well as influence of VEGF, NOS, AGEs, PPAR expression and hIAPP aggregation. The antidiabetic effects of this herb may be related to its TCM characters of improving blood circulation and reliving blood stasis. The main ingredients of SM included salvianolic acids and diterpenoid tanshinones, which have been well studied in the diabetic animals. Acute and subacute toxicity studies supported the notion that SM is well tolerated. CONCLUSION SM may offer a new strategy for prevention and treatment of diabetes and its complications that stimulates extensive research into identifying potential anti-diabetic compounds and fractions as well as exploring the underlying mechanisms of this herb. Further scientific evidences are still required from well-designed preclinical experiments and clinical trials on its anti-diabetic effects and safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Jia
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhu
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yimiao Tian
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Beibei Chen
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Rui Li
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lin Li
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Lili Wang
- School of Chinese Material Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yiwen Che
- The Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Fangfang Mo
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Sihua Gao
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, Traditional Chinese Medicine School, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lin J, Zhu J, Wang Y, Zhang N, Gober HJ, Qiu X, Li D, Wang L. Chinese single herbs and active ingredients for postmenopausal osteoporosis: From preclinical evidence to action mechanism. Biosci Trends 2018; 11:496-506. [PMID: 29151553 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2017.01216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic skeletal disease generally ascribable to a dearth of estrogen. Whether traditional Chinese medicine is effective in management of postmenopausal osteoporosis remains unclear. This article reviews the experimental evidence of both in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies with the theme of the application of Chinese single herbs and active ingredients in postmenopausal osteoporosis. It includes three single herbs (Herba Epimedium, Rhizoma Drynariae, and Salvia miltiorrhiza) and eight active ingredients (saikosaponins, linarin, echinacoside, sweroside, psoralen, poncirin, vanillic acid, and osthole). The experimental studies indicated their potential use as treatment for postmenopausal osteoporosis and investigated the underlying mechanisms including osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (OPG/RANKL), extracellular-signal-regulated kinase/c-Jun N terminal kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/JNK/MAPK), estrogen receptor (ER), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β, Wnt/β-catenin, and Notch signaling pathways. This review contributes to a better understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and provides useful information for the development of more effective anti-osteoporosis drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lin
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Jun Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenling People's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University
| | - Yan Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Na Zhang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | | | - Xuemin Qiu
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Dajin Li
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| | - Ling Wang
- Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology, Hospital & Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University.,The Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fudan University.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang ND, Han T, Huang BK, Rahman K, Jiang YP, Xu HT, Qin LP, Xin HL, Zhang QY, Li YM. Traditional Chinese medicine formulas for the treatment of osteoporosis: Implication for antiosteoporotic drug discovery. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 189:61-80. [PMID: 27180315 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Osteoporosis is a chronic epidemic which can leads to enhanced bone fragility and consequent an increase in fracture risk. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formulas have a long history of use in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis. Antiosteoporotic TCM formulas have conspicuous advantage over single drugs. Systematic data mining of the existing antiosteoporotic TCM formulas database can certainly help the drug discovery processes and help the identification of safe candidates with synergistic formulations. In this review, the authors summarize the clinical use and animal experiments of TCM formulas and their mechanism of action, and discuss the potential antiosteoporotic activity and the active constituents of commonly used herbs in TCM formulas for the therapy of osteoporosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS The literature was searched from Medline, Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Spring Link, Web of Science, CNKI and VIP database from 1989 to 2015, and also collected from Chinese traditional books and Chinese Pharmacopoeia with key words such as osteoporosis, osteoblast, osteoclast, traditional Chinese medicine formulas to identify studies on the antiosteoporotic effects of TCM formulas, herbs and chemical constituents, and also their possible mechanisms. RESULTS Thirty-three TCM formulas were commonly used to treat osteoporosis, and showed significant antiosteoporotic effects in human and animal. The herb medicines and their chemical constituents in TCM formulas were summarized, the pharmacological effects and chemical constituents of commonly used herbs in TCM formulas were described in detail. The action mechanisms of TCM formulas and their chemical constituents were described. Finally, the implication for the discovery of antiosteoporotic leads and combinatory ingredients from TCM formulas were prospectively discussed. CONCLUSIONS Clinical practice and animal experiments indicate that TCM formulas provide a definite therapeutic effect on osteoporosis. The active constituents in TCM formulas are diverse in chemical structure, and include flavonoids, lignans, saponins and iridoid glycosides. Antiosteoporotic mechanism of TCM formulas and herbs involves multi regulatory pathways, such as Wnt/β-catenin, BMP/Smad, MAPK pathway and RANKL/OPG system. Phytochemicals from TCM formulas and their compositional herb medicines offer great potential for the development of novel antiosteoporotic drugs. The active ingredients in TCM formulas can be developed in combination as potent drugs, which may exhibit better antiosteoporotic effects compared to the individual compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Dan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bao-Kang Huang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, LiverpoolL3 3AF, UK
| | - Yi-Ping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hong-Tao Xu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hai-Liang Xin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Qiao-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Yi-Min Li
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Synergism of Chinese Herbal Medicine: Illustrated by Danshen Compound. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:7279361. [PMID: 27190537 PMCID: PMC4846759 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7279361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The primary therapeutic effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) are based on the properties of each herb and the strategic combination of herbs in formulae. The herbal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory: the “Traditional Principles for Constructing Chinese Herbal Medicinal Formulae” and the “Principles of Combining Medicinal Substances.” These principles of formulation detail how and why multiple medicinal herbs with different properties are combined together into a single formula. However, the concept of herbal synergism in CHM still remains a mystery due to lack of scientific data and modern assessment methods. The Compound Danshen Formula (CDF) is a validated formula that has been used to treat a variety of diseases for hundreds of years in China and other countries. The CDF will be employed to illustrate the theory and principle of Chinese herbal medicine formulation. The aim of this review is to describe how Chinese herbal medicinal formulae are constructed according to Chinese medicine theory and to illustrate with scientific evidence how Chinese herbs work synergistically within a formula, thereby supporting Chinese medicine theory and practice.
Collapse
|
11
|
Che CT, Wong MS, Lam CWK. Natural Products from Chinese Medicines with Potential Benefits to Bone Health. Molecules 2016; 21:239. [PMID: 26927052 PMCID: PMC6274145 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a progressive, systemic bone disorder characterized by loss of bone mass and microstructure, leading to reduced bone strength and increased risk of fracture. It is often associated with reduced quality of life and other medical complications. The disease is common in the aging population, particularly among postmenopausal women and patients who receive long-term steroidal therapy. Given the rapid growth of the aging population, increasing life expectancy, the prevalence of bone loss, and financial burden to the healthcare system and individuals, demand for new therapeutic agents and nutritional supplements for the management and promotion of bone health is pressing. With the advent of global interest in complementary and alternative medicine and natural products, Chinese medicine serves as a viable source to offer benefits for the improvement and maintenance of bone health. This review summarizes the scientific information obtained from recent literatures on the chemical ingredients of Chinese medicinal plants that have been reported to possess osteoprotective and related properties in cell-based and/or animal models. Some of these natural products (or their derivatives) may become promising leads for development into dietary supplements or therapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
| | - Man Sau Wong
- Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Christopher Wai Kei Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chiang CY, Tsai HT, Chang WL, Chin YT, Chang WJ, Tu HP, Chiu HC, Fu E. A Salvia miltiorrhiza ethanol extract ameliorates tissue destruction caused by experimental periodontitis in rats. J Periodontal Res 2015; 51:133-9. [PMID: 26095050 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Labiatae), or Danshen, is a Chinese medicine used for treatment of cardiac diseases by improving blood circulation and inhibiting inflammatory responses. In this study, we aimed to determine whether an ethanol extract of S. miltiorrhiza can ameliorate tissue damage caused by periodontitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS An ethanolic extract of S. miltiorrhiza roots was prepared, and its major constituents were determined by HPLC analysis, by comparison with known standards for the major bioactive components. The activity of the extract was evaluated in a rat model in which periodontitis was induced by ligation of a silk suture around the neck of molar teeth. The effects of the S. miltiorrhiza extract on periodontitis were assessed by dental radiography, micro-computed tomography and histology. RESULTS The cemento-enamel junction-bone distances among the four different groups of rats were significantly different: the distance was shorter in groups treated with ligation + S. miltiorrhiza extract than in the group treated with ligation only, but was longer than in the nonligated group, regardless of the radiographic methods used. Histology and histometry also indicated a similar trend of less gingival inflammation and alveolar bone destruction in the histological sections from the S. miltiorrhiza extract groups than in those from the ligation group. CONCLUSION Because the S. miltiorrhiza extract reduced tissue damage and bone loss caused by ligation-induced periodontitis in rats, we suggest that the S. miltiorrhiza extract might have an ameliorative effect on periodontal tissue destruction during the process of periodontitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C-Y Chiang
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-T Tsai
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-L Chang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-T Chin
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Biology and Drug Discovery, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-J Chang
- National Laboratory Animal Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - H-P Tu
- Department of Dental Hygiene, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - H-C Chiu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - E Fu
- School of Dentistry, National Defense Medical Center, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Promoting Effects on Proliferation and Chondrogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Four "Kidney-Tonifying" Traditional Chinese Herbs. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 2015:792161. [PMID: 26137494 PMCID: PMC4475534 DOI: 10.1155/2015/792161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Revised: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese
medicine can promote the proliferation of bone
marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs).
We chose four “Kidney-tonifying”
Chinese herbal medicines, Radix Astragali, Salvia,
Herba Epimedii, and Saussurea Involucrata, to
evaluate whether they had positive effects on
the proliferation of BMSCs and
TGF-β1-induced chondrogenic
differentiation of BMSCs. The four Chinese
herbal medicines were intragastrically
administered to Sprague-Dawley rats,
respectively, to prepare drug-containing serums
of corresponding Chinese herbs. BMSCs were
isolated, cultured, and exposed to culture
solution containing 1%, 5%, 10%,
and 15% (v/v) Radix Astragali-, Salvia-,
Herba Epimedii-, and Saussurea
Involucrata-containing serum, respectively.
TGF-β1-induced BMSCs were addressed in the
same manner. Collagen type II protein was
assessed by immunofluorescence methods. To
assess whether the drug-containing serums had
positive effects on the proliferation of BMSCs
and TGF-β1-induced BMSCs, MTT method was
assessed. The proliferation of BMSCs was
significantly enhanced when exposed to culture
solutions containing 1% and 5% Radix
Astragali-, 1% and 5% Salvia-, 5%
Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%, and
10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing serum.
The proliferation of TGF-β1-induced BMSCs
was significantly enhanced when exposed to
1%, 5%, and 15% Radix Astragali-,
10% and 15% Salvia-, 5%, and
15% Herba Epimedii-, and 1%, 5%,
and 10% Saussurea Involucrata-containing
serum.
Collapse
|
14
|
Khan MF, Dev K, Lahiri S, Dixit M, Trivedi R, Singh D, Maurya R. Osteogenic activity of natural diterpenoids isolated from Cupressus sempervirens fruits in calvarial derived osteoblast cells via differentiation and mineralization. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 21:1794-1800. [PMID: 25481392 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 09/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antiosteoporotic activity of four structurally related diterpenoids: sugiol (1), trans-communic acid (2), 15-acetoxy imbricatolic acid (3) and imbricatolic acid (4). Their osteogenic effect was evaluated by using validated models including alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, mineralization assay and expression of osteogenic genes-bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and osteoblast transcription factor (RUNX2) - in primary calvarial cultures harvested from neonatal mice. Among them, compound 1 at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight exhibited significant osteoprotective effects and did not show uterine estrogenicity at the same dose. Additionally, compound 1 treatment led to improved biomechanical properties as exhibited by increased power, energy and stiffness in femoral bones compared to untreated Ovx animals. Since osteoporotic compression fracture correlates with the mechanical characteristics of trabecular bone, so that it could effectively reduce the risk of this type of fracture by improving trabecular micro architecture in postmenopausal women. Therefore, our findings proposed that diterpenoids may be useful new chemical agents in the treatment of diseases associated with bone loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Faheem Khan
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kapil Dev
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Shibani Lahiri
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Manisha Dixit
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Divya Singh
- Endocrinology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Rakesh Maurya
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226031, India.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guo Y, Li Y, Xue L, Severino RP, Gao S, Niu J, Qin LP, Zhang D, Brömme D. Salvia miltiorrhiza: an ancient Chinese herbal medicine as a source for anti-osteoporotic drugs. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:1401-16. [PMID: 25109459 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2014] [Revised: 07/27/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Red sage (Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge), also known as Danshen in Chinese, has been used historically and is currently exploited in combination with other herbs to treat skeletal diseases in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). With the advance of modern analytical technology, a multitude of bone-targeting, pharmaceutically active, compounds has been isolated and characterized from various sources of TCM including those produced in Salvia miltiorrhiza root. The aim of the review is to provide a comprehensive overview about the historical TCM interpretation of the action of Salvia miltiorrhiza in osteoporosis, its use clinical trials, its main phytochemical constituents, and its action on bone-resorptive and bone formation-stimulating mechanisms in in vitro and in vivo studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature sources used were Pubmed, CNKI.net, Cqvip.com, PubChem, and the Web of Science. For the inquiry, keywords such as Salvia, danshen, osteoporosis, bone, osteoclast and osteoblast were used in various combinations. About 130 research papers and reviews were consulted. RESULTS In TCM, the anti-osteopororotic effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza is ascribed to its action on liver and blood stasis as main therapeutic targets defining osteoporosis. 36 clinical trials were identified which used Salvia miltiorrhiza in combination with other herbs and components to treat post-menopausal, senile, and secondary osteoporosis. On average the trials were characterized by high efficacy (>80%) and low toxicity problems. However, various limitations such as small patient samples, short treatment duration, frequent lack of detailed numerical data, and no clear endpoints must be taken into consideration. To date, more than 100 individual compounds have been isolated from this plant and tested in various animal models and biochemical assays. Compounds display anti-resorptive and bone formation-stimulating features targeting different pathways in the bone remodeling cycle. Pathways affected include the activation of osteoblasts, the modulation of osteoclastogenesis, and the inhibition of collagen degradation by cathepsin K. CONCLUSIONS The inclusion of Salvia miltiorrhiza in more than 30% of all herbal clinical trials successfully targeting osteoporosis has stimulated significant interest in the identification and characterization of individual constituents of this herb. The review highlights the anti-osteoporotic potential of Salvia miltiorrhiza in clinical applications and the potential of the herb to provide potent compounds targeting specific pathways in bone resorption and bone formation.
Collapse
Key Words
- Anti-resorptive activity
- Danshen
- Osteoporosis
- Pro-anabolic activity
- Salvia miltiorrhiza
- Salvianolic acid A, CID 5281793
- caffeic acid, CID 689043
- cryptotanshinone, CID 160254
- oleanolic acid, CID 10494
- p-coumaric acid, CID 637542
- raloxifene, CID 5035
- salvianolic acid B (Synonym: Salvianic acid B), CID 11629084
- tanshinone I, CID 114917
- tanshinone IIA, CID 164676
- ursolic acid, CID 64945
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Guo
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Liming Xue
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - Richele P Severino
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3
| | - Sihua Gao
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Jianzhao Niu
- School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Lu-Ping Qin
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Dongwei Zhang
- Diabetes Research Center, School of Preclinical Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, PR China; Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3.
| | - Dieter Brömme
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T1Z3.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Pellicciari C. On the future contents of a small journal of histochemistry. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e51. [PMID: 23361247 PMCID: PMC3567770 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/04/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the last three years, more than 70,000 scientific articles have been published in peer reviewed journals on the application of histochemistry in the biomedical field: most of them did not appear in strictly histochemical journals, but in others dealing with cell and molecular biology, medicine or biotechnology. This proves that histochemistry is still an active and innovative discipline with relevance in basic and applied biological research, but also demonstrates that especially the small histochemical journals should likely reconsider their scopes and strategies to preserve their authorship. A review of the last three years volumes of the European Journal of Histochemistry, taken as an example of a long-time established small journal, confirmed that the published articles were widely heterogeneous in their topics and experimental models, as in this journal's tradition. This strongly suggests that a journal of histochemistry should keep its role as a forum open to an audience as broad as possible, publishing papers on cell and tissue biology in a wide variety of models. This will improve knowledge of the basic mechanisms of development and differentiation, while helping to increase the number of potential authors since scientists who generally do not use histochemistry in their research will find hints for the applications of histochemical techniques to novel still unexplored subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Pellicciari
- Dipartimento di Biologia e Biotecnologie “Lazzaro Spallanzani”,University of Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Carvalho-Filho EP, Stabile AC, Ervolino E, Stuani MBS, Iyomasa MM, Rocha MJA. Celecoxib treatment does not alter recruitment and activation of osteoclasts in the initial phase of experimental tooth movement. Eur J Histochem 2012; 56:e43. [PMID: 23361239 PMCID: PMC3567762 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2012.e43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2012] [Revised: 07/27/2012] [Accepted: 08/10/2012] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In a previous study, we reported that the short-term treatment with celecoxib, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) attenuates the activation of brain structures related to nociception and does not interfere with orthodontic incisor separation in rats. The conclusion was that celecoxib could possibly be prescribed for pain in orthodontic patients. However, we did not analyze the effects of this drug in periodontium. The aim of this follow-up study was to analyze effects of celecoxib treatment on recruitment and activation of osteoclasts and alveolar bone resorption after inserting an activated orthodontic appliance between the incisors in our rat model. Twenty rats (400–420 g) were pretreated through oral gavage with celecoxib (50 mg/kg) or vehicle (carboxymethyl-cellulose 0.4%). After 30 min, they received an activated (30 g) orthodontic appliance, set not to cause any palate disjunction. In sham animals, the appliance was immediately removed after introduction. All animals received ground food and, every 12 h, celecoxib or vehicle. After 48 h, they were anesthetized and transcardiacally perfused through the aorta with 4% formaldehyde. Subsequently, maxillae were removed, post-fixed and processed for histomorphometry or immunohistochemical analyses. As expected, incisor distalization induced an inflammatory response with certain histological changes, including an increase in the number of active osteoclasts at the compression side in group treated with vehicle (appliance:32.2±2.49 vs sham: 4.8±1.79, P<0.05) and celecoxib (appliance: 31.0±1.45 vs sham: 4.6±1.82, P<0.05). The treatment with celecoxib did not modify substantially the histological alterations and the number of active osteoclasts after activation of orthodontic appliance. Moreover, we did not see any difference between the groups with respect to percentage of bone resorption area. Taken together with our previous results we conclude that short-term treatment with celecoxib can indeed be a therapeutic alternative for pain relieve during orthodontic procedures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E P Carvalho-Filho
- Departamento de Morfologia, Estomatologia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pellicciari C. Histochemistry through the years, browsing a long-established journal: novelties in traditional subjects. Eur J Histochem 2010; 54:e51. [PMID: 21263750 PMCID: PMC3167322 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2010.e51] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Histochemical journals represent a traditional forum where methodological and technological improvements can be presented and validated in view of their applications to investigate not only cytology and histology in normal and diseased conditions but to test as well hypotheses on more basic issues for life sciences, such as comparative and evolutionary biology. The earliest scientific journals on histochemistry began their publication in the first half of the ‘50s of the last century, and their readership did not probably change over the years; rather, the authors’ interests may have progressively been changing as well as the main topics of their articles. This hypothesis is discussed, based on the subjects of the article published in the first and last ten years in the European Journal of Histochemistry, as an example of old journal which started publication in 1954, being since then the official organ of the Italian Society of Histochemistry. This survey confirmed that histochemistry has provided and still offers unique opportunities for studying the structure, chemical composition and function of cells and tissues in a wide variety of living organisms, especially when the topological distribution of specific molecular components has diagnostic or predictive significance, as it occurs in human and veterinary biology and pathology. Some subjects (e.g. histochemistry applied to muscle cells or to mineralized tissues) have recently become rather popular, whereas a wider application of the histochemical approach may be envisaged for plant cells and tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Pellicciari
- Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, University of Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|