1
|
Wang S, Qi X, Liu D, Xie D, Jiang B, Wang J, Wang X, Wu G. The implications for urological malignancies of non-coding RNAs in the the tumor microenvironment. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:491-505. [PMID: 38249783 PMCID: PMC10796827 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Urological malignancies are a major global health issue because of their complexity and the wide range of ways they affect patients. There's a growing need for in-depth research into these cancers, especially at the molecular level. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) – these don't code for proteins but are crucial in controlling genes – and the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is no longer seen as just a background factor but as an active player in cancer progression. Understanding how ncRNAs and the TME interact is key for finding new ways to diagnose and predict outcomes in urological cancers, and for developing new treatments. This article reviews the basic features of ncRNAs and goes into detail about their various roles in the TME, focusing specifically on how different ncRNAs function and act in urological malignancies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shijin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaochen Qi
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Dequan Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Deqian Xie
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Bowen Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaoxi Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| | - Guangzhen Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhang J, Wu L, Wang C, Xie X, Han Y. Research Progress of Long Non-Coding RNA in Tumor Drug Resistance: A New Paradigm. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1385-1398. [PMID: 38689609 PMCID: PMC11060174 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s448707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
In the past few decades, chemotherapy has been one of the most effective cancer treatment options. Drug resistance is currently one of the greatest obstacles to effective cancer treatment. Even though drug resistance mechanisms have been extensively investigated, they have not been fully elucidated. Recent genome-wide investigations have revealed the existence of a substantial quantity of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) transcribed from the human genome, which actively participate in numerous biological processes, such as transcription, splicing, epigenetics, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, development, pluripotency, immune microenvironment. The abnormal expression of lncRNA is considered a contributing factor to the drug resistance. Furthermore, drug resistance may be influenced by genetic and epigenetic variations, as well as individual differences in patient treatment response, attributable to polymorphisms in metabolic enzyme genes. This review focuses on the mechanism of lncRNAs resistance to target drugs in the study of tumors with high mortality, aiming to establish a theoretical foundation for targeted therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Wu
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin Xie
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuying Han
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, the 940th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force of PLA, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Science and Education Department, Xi’an No. 5 Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Deb P, Chini A, Guha P, Rishi A, Bhan A, Brady B, Perrotti LI, Mandal SS. Dynamic regulation of BDNF gene expression by estradiol and lncRNA HOTAIR. Gene 2024; 897:148055. [PMID: 38043834 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.148055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a major neurotransmitter that controls growth and maintenance of neurons and its misregulation is linked to neurodegeneration and human diseases. Estradiol (E2) is well-known to regulate the process of differentiation and plasticity of hippocampal neurons. Here we examined the mechanisms of BDNF gene regulation under basal conditions and under stimuli such as E2. Our results demonstrated that BDNF expression is induced by E2 in vitro in HT22 cells (hippocampal neuronal cells) and in vivo (in ovariectomized mouse brain under E2-treatment). Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we demonstrated that estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ) were enriched at the BDNF promoter in presence of E2. Additionally, ER-coregulators (e.g., CBP/p300, MLL3), histone acetylation, H3K4-trimethylation, and RNA polymerase II levels were also elevated at the BDNF promoter in an E2-dependent manner. Additionally, under the basal conditions (in the absence of E2), the long noncoding RNA HOTAIR and its interacting partners PRC2 and LSD1 complexes binds to the promoter of BDNF and represses its expression. HOTAIR knockdown -relieves the repression resulting in elevation of BDNF expression. Further, levels of HOTAIR-interacting partners, EZH2 and LSD1 were reduced at the BDNF promoter upon HOTAIR-knockdown revealing that HOTAIR plays a regulatory role in BDNF gene expression by modulating promoter histone modifications. Additionally, we showed that E2 induced-BDNF expression is mediated by the displacement of silencing factors, EZH2 and LSD1 at BDNF promoter and subsequent recruitment of active transcription machinery. These results reveal the mechanisms of BDNF gene regulation under the basal condition and in presence of a positive regulator such as E2 in neuronal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paromita Deb
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Avisankar Chini
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Prarthana Guha
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Ashcharya Rishi
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Arunoday Bhan
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Blake Brady
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Linda I Perrotti
- Department of Psychology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States
| | - Subhrangsu S Mandal
- Gene Regulation and Epigenetics Research Lab, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ahmad F, Sudesh R, Ahmed AT, Haque S. Roles of HOTAIR Long Non-coding RNA in Gliomas and Other CNS Disorders. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2024; 44:23. [PMID: 38366205 PMCID: PMC10873238 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-024-01455-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) which is increasingly being perceived as a tremendous molecular mediator of brain pathophysiology at multiple levels. Epigenetic regulation of target gene expression carried out by HOTAIR is thorough modulation of chromatin modifiers; histone methyltransferase polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) and histone demethylase lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1). Incidentally, HOTAIR was the first lncRNA shown to elicit sponging of specific microRNA (miRNA or miR) species in a trans-acting manner. It has been extensively studied in various cancers, including gliomas and is regarded as a prominent pro-tumorigenic and pro-oncogenic lncRNA. Indeed, the expression of HOTAIR may serve as glioma grade predictor and prognostic biomarker. The objective of this timely review is not only to outline the multifaceted pathogenic roles of HOTAIR in the development and pathophysiology of gliomas and brain cancers, but also to delineate the research findings implicating it as a critical regulator of overall brain pathophysiology. While the major focus is on neuro-oncology, wherein HOTAIR represents a particularly potent underlying pathogenic player and a suitable therapeutic target, mechanisms underlying the regulatory actions of HOTAIR in neurodegeneration, traumatic, hypoxic and ischemic brain injuries, and neuropsychiatric disorders are also presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Ahmad
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India.
| | - Ravi Sudesh
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - A Toufeeq Ahmed
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio Sciences (SBST), Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, India
| | - Shafiul Haque
- Research and Scientific Studies Unit, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut, 1102 2801, Lebanon
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, 13306, United Arab Emirates
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pei R, Zhao L, Ding Y, Su Z, Li D, Zhu S, Xu L, Zhao W, Zhou W. JMJD6-BRD4 complex stimulates lncRNA HOTAIR transcription by binding to the promoter region of HOTAIR and induces radioresistance in liver cancer stem cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:752. [PMID: 37880710 PMCID: PMC10599021 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04394-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOTAIR acts importantly in liver cancer development, but its effect on radioresistance remains poorly understood. Here, our study probed into the possible impact of HOTAIR in radioresistance in liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and to elucidate its molecular basis. METHODS Following sorting of stem and non-stem liver cancer cells, LCSCs were identified and subjected to RNA-seq analysis for selecting differentially expressed genes. Expression of HOTAIR was determined in liver cancer tissues and CSCs. The stemness, proliferation, apoptosis and radioresistance of LCSCs were then detected in response to altered expression of HOTAIR-LSD1-JMJD6-BRD4. RESULTS Ectopic HOTAIR expression was found to promote radioresistance of LCSCs by maintaining its stemness. Mechanistic investigations indicated that HOTAIR recruited LSD1 to the MAPK1 promoter region and reduced the level of H3K9me2 in the promoter region, thus elevating ERK2 (MAPK1) expression. JMJD6-BRD4 complex promoted HOTAIR transcription by forming a complex and positively regulated ERK2 (MAPK1) expression, maintaining the stemness of LCSCs, and ultimately promoting their radioresistance in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION Collectively, our work highlights the promoting effect of the JMJD6-BRD4 complex on the radioresistance of LCSCs through a HOTAIR-dependent mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ruifeng Pei
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiren Ding
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan Su
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Deqiang Li
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Zhu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wuyuan Zhou
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Gulou District, No. 131, Huancheng Road, Xuzhou, 221005, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Fu Y, Lu Y, Chen S, Zhang J, Liu B, Yuan Y. Unravelling the complexity of lncRNAs in autophagy to improve potential cancer therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188932. [PMID: 37329993 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy is well-known as an internal catabolic process that is evolutionarily conserved and performs the key biological function in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is tightly controlled by several autophagy-related (ATG) proteins, which are closely associated with many types of human cancers. However, what has remained controversial is the janus roles of autophagy in cancer progression. Interestingly, the biological function of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in autophagy has been gradually understood in different types of human cancers. More recently, numerous studies have demonstrated that several lncRNAs may regulate some ATG proteins and autophagy-related signaling pathways to either activate or inhibit the autophagic process in cancer. Thus, in this review, we summarize the latest advance in the knowledge of the complicated relationships between lncRNAs and autophagy in cancer. Also, the in-depth dissection of the lncRNAs-autophagy-cancers axis involved in this review would shed new light on discovery of more potential cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yuqi Fu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yingying Lu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China.
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Yuan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Norollahi SE, Vahidi S, Shams S, Keymoradzdeh A, Soleymanpour A, Solymanmanesh N, Mirzajani E, Jamkhaneh VB, Samadani AA. Analytical and therapeutic profiles of DNA methylation alterations in cancer; an overview of changes in chromatin arrangement and alterations in histone surfaces. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2023; 44:337-356. [PMID: 36799246 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2022-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
DNA methylation is the most important epigenetic element that activates the inhibition of gene transcription and is included in the pathogenesis of all types of malignancies. Remarkably, the effectors of DNA methylation are DNMTs (DNA methyltransferases) that catalyze de novo or keep methylation of hemimethylated DNA after the DNA replication process. DNA methylation structures in cancer are altered, with three procedures by which DNA methylation helps cancer development which are including direct mutagenesis, hypomethylation of the cancer genome, and also focal hypermethylation of the promoters of TSGs (tumor suppressor genes). Conspicuously, DNA methylation, nucleosome remodeling, RNA-mediated targeting, and histone modification balance modulate many biological activities that are essential and indispensable to the genesis of cancer and also can impact many epigenetic changes including DNA methylation and histone modifications as well as adjusting of non-coding miRNAs expression in prevention and treatment of many cancers. Epigenetics points to heritable modifications in gene expression that do not comprise alterations in the DNA sequence. The nucleosome is the basic unit of chromatin, consisting of 147 base pairs (bp) of DNA bound around a histone octamer comprised of one H3/H4 tetramer and two H2A/H2B dimers. DNA methylation is preferentially distributed over nucleosome regions and is less increased over flanking nucleosome-depleted DNA, implying a connection between nucleosome positioning and DNA methylation. In carcinogenesis, aberrations in the epigenome may also include in the progression of drug resistance. In this report, we report the rudimentary notes behind these epigenetic signaling pathways and emphasize the proofs recommending that their misregulation can conclude in cancer. These findings in conjunction with the promising preclinical and clinical consequences observed with epigenetic drugs against chromatin regulators, confirm the important role of epigenetics in cancer therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Elham Norollahi
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Shima Shams
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Arman Keymoradzdeh
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Armin Soleymanpour
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Nazanin Solymanmanesh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mirzajani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Vida Baloui Jamkhaneh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Babol Branch, Babol, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tufail M. HOTAIR in colorectal cancer: structure, function, and therapeutic potential. Med Oncol 2023; 40:259. [PMID: 37530984 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02131-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
lncRNAs play a vital part in cancer development by regulating gene expression. Among these, the lncRNA HOTAIR has gained considerable attention due to its entanglement in multiple cellular processes, including chromatin remodeling and gene regulation. HOTAIR has a complex structure consisting of multiple domains that interact with various protein complexes and RNA molecules. In colorectal cancer (CRC), HOTAIR expression is upregulated, and its overexpression has been correlated with poor patient prognosis and resistance to chemotherapy. HOTAIR has been found to regulate gene expression and promote cancer growth by interacting with specific miRNAs. In addition, HOTAIR has been implicated in the development of treatment resistance in colorectal cancer. To develop effective treatments, it's important to understand how HOTAIR regulates gene expression. This article discusses HOTAIR's structure, functions, and mechanisms in CRC and its potential as a target for therapy. The author also suggests future research directions to better understand HOTAIR's role in CRC progression and drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tufail
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kciuk M, Yahya EB, Mohamed MMI, Abdulsamad MA, Allaq AA, Gielecińska A, Kontek R. Insights into the Role of LncRNAs and miRNAs in Glioma Progression and Their Potential as Novel Therapeutic Targets. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3298. [PMID: 37444408 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15133298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence supports that both long non-coding and micro RNAs (lncRNAs and miRNAs) are implicated in glioma tumorigenesis and progression. Poor outcome of gliomas has been linked to late-stage diagnosis and mostly ineffectiveness of conventional treatment due to low knowledge about the early stage of gliomas, which are not possible to observe with conventional diagnostic approaches. The past few years witnessed a revolutionary advance in biotechnology and neuroscience with the understanding of tumor-related molecules, including non-coding RNAs that are involved in the angiogenesis and progression of glioma cells and thus are used as prognostic biomarkers as well as novel therapeutic targets. The emerging research on lncRNAs and miRNAs highlights their crucial role in glioma progression, offering new insights into the disease. These non-coding RNAs hold significant potential as novel therapeutic targets, paving the way for innovative treatment approaches against glioma. This review encompasses a comprehensive discussion about the role of lncRNAs and miRNAs in gene regulation that is responsible for the promotion or the inhibition of glioma progression and collects the existing links between these key cancer-related molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Kciuk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Esam Bashir Yahya
- Bioprocess Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang 11800, Malaysia
| | | | - Muhanad A Abdulsamad
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Sabratha University, Sabratha 00218, Libya
| | - Abdulmutalib A Allaq
- Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam 40450, Malaysia
| | - Adrianna Gielecińska
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Kontek
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Raju GSR, Pavitra E, Bandaru SS, Varaprasad GL, Nagaraju GP, Malla RR, Huh YS, Han YK. HOTAIR: a potential metastatic, drug-resistant and prognostic regulator of breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:65. [PMID: 36997931 PMCID: PMC10061914 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01765-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) is an oncogenic non-coding RNA whose expression is strongly correlated with the tumor grade and prognosis of a variety of carcinomas including breast cancer (BC). HOTAIR regulates various target genes via sponging and epigenetic mechanisms and controls various oncogenic cellular and signaling mechanisms including metastasis and drug resistance. In BC cells, HOTAIR expression is regulated by a variety of transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we describe the regulatory mechanisms that govern HOTAIR expression during cancer development and explore how HOTAIR drives BC development, metastasis, and drug resistance. In the final section of this review, we focus on the role of HOTAIR in BC management, therapeutic treatment, and prognosis, highlighting its potential therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ganji Seeta Rama Raju
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Eluri Pavitra
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Ganji Lakshmi Varaprasad
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Rama Rao Malla
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics, GIS, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 530045, India.
| | - Yun Suk Huh
- NanoBio High-Tech Materials Research Center, Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Inha University, Incheon, 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang F, Lu J, Yang J, Dai Q, Du X, Xu Y, Zhang C. SNHG3 regulates NEIL3 via transcription factor E2F1 to mediate malignant proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Immunogenetics 2023; 75:39-51. [PMID: 36114381 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-022-01277-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of small nucleolar RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) in cancer regulation has been reported. This study attempted to deeply investigate the molecular regulatory mechanism of SNHG3 on malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). According to TCGA analysis, high SNHG3 expression was a risk factor for poor prognosis of HCC patients. Therefore, we further detected the mRNA level of SNHG3 in HCC tissue and cells. It was found that SNHG3 was upregulated in HCC tissue and cells. Afterwards, CCK-8 and flow cytometry assays further proved that silencing SNHG3 inhibited HCC cell proliferation while inducing cell apoptosis and G0/G1 phase arrest. It was also attested in vivo experiments that silencing SNHG3 could reduce the volume and weight of tumors and downregulate the Ki-67 expression to suppress HCC tumor growth. Next, it was discovered that SNHG3 increased the binding of E2F1 and NEIL3 promoter region, thereby activating the transcription feature of NEIL3. Lastly, rescue assays indicated that NEIL3 participated in SNHG3-mediated HCC cell cycle, apoptosis and proliferation. All in all, this study revealed the specific regulatory mechanism of SNHG3 in HCC to enable SNHG3 a hopeful marker for HCC diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Qiqiang Dai
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Xuefeng Du
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Yongfu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China
| | - Caiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Minimally Invasive Techniques & Rapid Rehabilitation of Digestive System Tumor of Zhejiang Province, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai, 317000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xie W, Chu M, Song G, Zuo Z, Han Z, Chen C, Li Y, Wang ZW. Emerging roles of long noncoding RNAs in chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 83:303-318. [PMID: 33207266 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in the world due to the lack of early symptoms, metastasis occurrence and chemoresistance. Therefore, early diagnosis by detection of biomarkers, blockade of metastasis, and overcoming chemoresistance are the effective strategies to improve the survival of pancreatic cancer patients. Accumulating evidence has revealed that long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) play essential roles in modulating chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancer. In this review article, we will summarize the role of lncRNAs in drug resistance of pancreatic cancer cells, including HOTTIP, HOTAIR, PVT1, linc-ROR, GAS5, UCA1, DYNC2H1-4, MEG3, TUG1, HOST2, HCP5, SLC7A11-AS1 and CASC2. We also highlight the function of circRNAs, such as circHIPK3 and circ_0000284, in regulation of drug sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells. Moreover, we describe a number of compounds, including curcumin, genistein, resveratrol, quercetin, and salinomycin, which may modulate the expression of lncRNAs and enhance chemosensitivity in pancreatic cancers. Therefore, targeting specific lncRNAs and cicrRNAs could contribute to reverse chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer cells. We hope this review might stimulate the studies of lncRNAs and cicrRNAs, and develop the new therapeutic strategy via modulating these noncoding RNAs to promote chemosensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wangkai Xie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Man Chu
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gendi Song
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ziyi Zuo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Chenbin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Yuyun Li
- Bengbu Medical College Key Laboratory of Cancer Research and Clinical Laboratory Diagnosis, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical College, Anhui, 233030, China.
| | - Zhi-Wei Wang
- Center of Scientific Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, Zhejiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Gong YQ, Lu TL, Hou FT, Chen CW. Antisense long non-coding RNAs in gastric cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2022; 534:128-137. [PMID: 35872031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2022.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer is a global health problem with high mortality. The incidence of gastric cancer has significant regional differences. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and its interaction with epigenetics are closely related to the occurrence of gastric cancer. It is of great significance to explore the early diagnosis and effective therapeutic targets of gastric cancer. Emerging evidence indicates that antisense long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are closely associated with various biological and functional aspects of gastric cancer. However, diverse antisense lncRNAs in gastric cancer have not been compiled and discussed. In this review, we summarize the predisposing factors and compile the interaction between H. pylori and epigenetics in gastric cancer. Moreover, we focus on the underlying molecular mechanism and regulatory role of each antisense lncRNA in gastric cancer. In addition, we provide a new insight into the potential diagnosis and treatment of antisense lncRNAs in gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qiang Gong
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tai-Liang Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fu-Tao Hou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chao-Wu Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yao ZT, Yang YM, Sun MM, He Y, Liao L, Chen KS, Li B. New insights into the interplay between long non-coding RNAs and RNA-binding proteins in cancer. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2022; 42:117-140. [PMID: 35019235 PMCID: PMC8822594 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
With the development of proteomics and epigenetics, a large number of RNA‐binding proteins (RBPs) have been discovered in recent years, and the interaction between long non‐coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and RBPs has also received increasing attention. It is extremely important to conduct in‐depth research on the lncRNA‐RBP interaction network, especially in the context of its role in the occurrence and development of cancer. Increasing evidence has demonstrated that lncRNA‐RBP interactions play a vital role in cancer progression; therefore, targeting these interactions could provide new insights for cancer drug discovery. In this review, we discussed how lncRNAs can interact with RBPs to regulate their localization, modification, stability, and activity and discussed the effects of RBPs on the stability, transport, transcription, and localization of lncRNAs. Moreover, we explored the regulation and influence of these interactions on lncRNAs, RBPs, and downstream pathways that are related to cancer development, such as N6‐methyladenosine (m6A) modification of lncRNAs. In addition, we discussed how the lncRNA‐RBP interaction network regulates cancer cell phenotypes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, metastasis, drug resistance, immunity, tumor environment, and metabolism. Furthermore, we summarized the therapeutic strategies that target the lncRNA‐RBP interaction network. Although these treatments are still in the experimental stage and various theories and processes are still being studied, we believe that these strategies may provide new ideas for cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Ting Yao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Ming Yang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China
| | - Miao-Miao Sun
- Department of Pathology, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yan He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bioengineering Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of Genetic Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, P. R. China
| | - Long Liao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, P. R. China
| | - Kui-Sheng Chen
- Department of Pathology, Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Bin Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology and Key Laboratory of Functional Protein Research of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, Institute of Life and Health Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510700, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Qin D, Ni C, Tan B, Huang S, Deng B, Huang Z. LINC01207 promotes prostate cancer progression by sponging miR-1182 to upregulate AKT3. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:57. [PMID: 34992689 PMCID: PMC8721855 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PC) is recognized as a common malignancy in male patients. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) has been implicated in the development of PC. Recently, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1207 (LINC01207) has been reported to regulate the carcinogenesis of multiple cancer types. However, its role in the progression of PC remains to be determined. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression profile, clinicopathological implication and molecular mechanism of action of LINC01207 in the progression of PC. LINC01207 expression levels were compared between PC tumor and paired normal tissue samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas. The expression of LINC01207 was further analyzed in PC cell lines and a normal prostatic cell line. The role of LINC01207 in proliferation, migration and invasion of PC cells was examined using small interfering RNA-mediated silencing. Western blot analysis was used to investigate the changes in protein levels underlying the mechanism of action of LINC01207. The role of LINC01207 in tumorigenesis was evaluated in a xenograft model. LINC01207 was upregulated in PC tumor samples from TCGA data compared with paired normal tissue. LINC01207 expression was significantly increased in PC cells and tumor tissues compared with in normal prostate cells (RWPE1) and normal prostate tissues, respectively. Furthermore, LINC01207 silencing inhibited PC cell proliferation and colony formation and induced apoptosis. Mechanistic experiments showed that LINC01207 promoted carcinogenesis by sponging miR-1182 to regulate the protein levels of AKT3 in PC cell lines. Thus, the findings of the present study indicated that LINC01207 might play a role in the tumorigenesis of PC and may serve as a therapeutic target for PC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daming Qin
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Ni
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Biyong Tan
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Shengfei Huang
- Department of Radiology, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Bingqing Deng
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| | - Zhihua Huang
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Clinical College of Wuhan University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ouyang S, Zhang O, Xiang H, Yao YH, Fang ZY. Curcumin improves atherosclerosis by inhibiting the epigenetic repression of lncRNA MIAT to miR-124. Vascular 2022; 30:1213-1223. [PMID: 34989253 DOI: 10.1177/17085381211040974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: Atherosclerosis is a dominant cardiovascular disease. Curcumin has protective effect on atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms remain to be explored. Methods: Atherosclerosis was induced by feeding mice with high-fat diet (HFD) and ox-low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were structured. Oil Red O staining was used to evaluate the plaques in the artery. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted to detect the level of myocardial infarction associated transcript (MIAT), miR-124, and enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2). We performed western blotting and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay to examine the expression of EZH2 and cytokines including IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, and IL-8, respectively. RNA immunoprecipitation and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were used to validate the interaction between myocardial infarction associated transcript and EZH2. Flow cytometry and CCK-8 assay were used to examine cell apoptosis and proliferation, respectively. Results: Curcumin suppressed inflammation in atherosclerosis mouse model and ox-LDL-induced cell model. MIAT overexpression and miR-124 inhibition relieved the anti-inflammation effect of curcumin in ox-LDL-induced cell. MIAT regulated miR-124 by interacting with EZH2. Curcumin relieved ox-LDL-induced cell inflammation via regulating MIAT/miR-124 pathway. Conclusion: MIAT/miR-124 axis mediated the effect of curcumin on atherosclerosis and altered cell apoptosis and proliferation, both in vivo and in vitro. These data further support the application of curcumin in control of atherosclerosis advancement.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shang Ouyang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Ou Zhang
- Department of Spinal Rehabilitation, Xiangya Boai Rehabilitation Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Hua Xiang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yuan-Hui Yao
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Fang
- Department of Interventional Vascular Surgery, People's Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Zhou D, He S, Zhang D, Lv Z, Yu J, Li Q, Li M, Guo W, Qi F. LINC00857 promotes colorectal cancer progression by sponging miR-150-5p and upregulating HMGB3 (high mobility group box 3) expression. Bioengineered 2021; 12:12107-12122. [PMID: 34753396 PMCID: PMC8810051 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2003941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor worldwide. LINC00857 has been reported as a dysregulated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) involved in the genesis and development of different cancers. In CRC, accumulating evidence indicates that high mobility group box 3 (HMGB3) is over-expressed and contributes to CRC development. However, the mechanism underlying HMGB3 upregulation in CRC remains unclear. The present work aims to investigate the role of LINC00857 and its functional interaction with HMGB3 in regulating CRC progression. Differential expression of LINC00857 between CRC tissues and normal tissues was identified in TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database. In vitro functional assays were performed to explore the biological functions of LINC00857 in CRC cells. In vivo xenograft model was employed to investigate the role of LINC00857 in CRC tumorigenesis. We found that LINC00857 was significant upregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. LINC00857 knockdown significantly inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of CRC cells, and also induced apoptosis. Moreover, LINC00857 knockdown suppressed CRC tumorigenesis in vivo. We further demonstrated that the effects of LINC00857 in CRC cells were mediated through miR-150-5p/HMGB3 axis. LINC00857 negatively regulates the activity of miR-150-5p, which releases its inhibition on HMGB3 expression. Our data indicate that LINC00857/miR-150-5p/HMGB3 axis plays a fundamental role in regulating the malignant phenotype and tumorigenesis of CRC. Targeting this axis may serve as novel therapeutic strategies for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dongbing Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Sijia He
- Department of Medical Imaging, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Daquan Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhenbing Lv
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Quanlin Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nanchong Central Hospital, the Second Clinical Institute of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of General Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shafabakhsh R, Arianfar F, Vosough M, Mirzaei HR, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Khanbabaei H, Kowsari H, Shojaie L, Azar MEF, Hamblin MR, Mirzaei H. Autophagy and gastrointestinal cancers: the behind the scenes role of long non-coding RNAs in initiation, progression, and treatment resistance. Cancer Gene Ther 2021; 28:1229-1255. [PMID: 33432087 DOI: 10.1038/s41417-020-00272-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers comprise a heterogeneous group of complex disorders that affect different organs, including esophagus, stomach, gallbladder, liver, biliary tract, pancreas, small intestine, colon, rectum, and anus. Recently, an explosion in nucleic acid-based technologies has led to the discovery of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that have been found to possess unique regulatory functions. This class of RNAs is >200 nucleotides in length, and is characterized by their lack of protein coding. LncRNAs exert regulatory effects in GI cancer development by affecting different functions such as the proliferation and metastasis of cancer cells, apoptosis, glycolysis and angiogenesis. Over the past few decades, considerable evidence has revealed the important role of autophagy in both GI cancer progression and suppression. In addition, recent studies have confirmed a significant correlation between lncRNAs and the regulation of autophagy. In this review, we summarize how lncRNAs play a behind the scenes role in the pathogenesis of GI cancers through regulation of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rana Shafabakhsh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Arianfar
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Massoud Vosough
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, 1665659911, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Mirzaei
- Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hashem Khanbabaei
- Medical Physics Department, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hamed Kowsari
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Layla Shojaie
- Research Center for Liver Diseases, Keck School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Michael R Hamblin
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Song X, Guo Y, Song P, Duan D, Guo W. Non-coding RNAs in Regulating Tumor Angiogenesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:751578. [PMID: 34616746 PMCID: PMC8488154 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.751578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are RNAs that do not encode proteins, but perform biological functions in various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer formation, inflammation, and neurological diseases. Tumor blood vessels are a key target for cancer management. A number of factors regulate the angiogenesis of malignant tumors. NcRNAs participate in the regulation of tumor angiogenesis. Abnormal expression of ncRNAs act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes to affect the development of tumors. In this review we summarized the biological functions of ncRNAs, and discussed its regulatory mechanisms in tumor angiogenesis. This article will provide new insights for the research of ncRNAs in tumor angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Song
- School of Life Sciences and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Song
- Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Chronic Diseases by TCM, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dongzhu Duan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- School of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Liquid Biopsy in Cervical Cancer: Hopes and Pitfalls. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13163968. [PMID: 34439120 PMCID: PMC8394398 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13163968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, and its incidence is variably distributed between developed and less-resourced countries, in which socio-economic issues and religious beliefs often limit the widespread diffusion and the access to screening campaigns. In the “liquid biopsy” era, the application of non-invasive and repeatable techniques to the identification of diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers might facilitate the management of this disease and, hopefully, improve its outcome. The purpose of this review is to explore the progress status of liquid biopsy in cervical cancer patients. Several methods are described, which include the analysis of circulating tumor cells, the search for pathogenic mutations on circulating tumor DNA, as well as the identification of circulating RNAs, focusing on their potential clinical applications and current limitations. Abstract Cervical cancer (CC) is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, with about 90% of cancer-related deaths occurring in developing countries. The geographical influence on disease evolution reflects differences in the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection, which is the main cause of CC, as well as in the access and quality of services for CC prevention and diagnosis. At present, the most diffused screening and diagnostic tools for CC are Papanicolaou test and the more sensitive HPV-DNA test, even if both methods require gynecological practices whose acceptance relies on the woman’s cultural and religious background. An alternative (or complimentary) tool for CC screening, diagnosis, and follow-up might be represented by liquid biopsy. Here, we summarize the main methodologies developed in this context, including circulating tumor cell detection and isolation, cell tumor DNA sequencing, coding and non-coding RNA detection, and exosomal miRNA identification. Moreover, the pros and cons of each method are discussed, and their potential applications in diagnosis and prognosis of CC, as well as their role in treatment monitoring, are explored. In conclusion, it is evident that despite many advances obtained in this field, further effort is needed to validate and standardize the proposed methodologies before any clinical use.
Collapse
|
21
|
Xin X, Li Q, Fang J, Zhao T. LncRNA HOTAIR: A Potential Prognostic Factor and Therapeutic Target in Human Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:679244. [PMID: 34367966 PMCID: PMC8340021 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.679244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as crucial regulators of gene expression and physiological processes. LncRNAs are a class of ncRNAs of 200 nucleotides in length. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR), a trans-acting lncRNA with regulatory function on transcription, can repress gene expression by recruiting chromatin modifiers. HOTAIR is an oncogenic lncRNA, and numerous studies have determined that HOTAIR is highly upregulated in a wide variety of human cancers. In this review, we briefly summarize the impact of lncRNA HOTAIR expression and functions on different human solid tumors, and emphasize the potential of HOTAIR on tumor prognosis and therapy. Here, we review the recent studies that highlight the prognostic potential of HOTAIR in drug resistance and survival, and the progress of therapies developed to target HOTAIR to date. Furthermore, targeting HOTAIR results in the suppression of HOTAIR expression or function. Thus, HOTAIR knockdown exhibits great therapeutic potential in various cancers, indicating that targeting lncRNA HOTAIR may serve as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. We also propose that preclinical studies involving HOTAIR are required to provide a better understanding of the exact molecular mechanisms underlying the dysregulation of its expression and function in different human cancers and to explore effective methods of targeting HOTAIR and engineering efficient and targeted drug delivery methods in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoru Xin
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Qianan Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinyong Fang
- Department of Science and Education, Jinhua Guangfu Oncology Hospital, Jinhua, China
| | - Tiejun Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Chen L, Huang S, Huang J, Chen Q, Zhuang Q. Role and Mechanism of Exosome-Derived Long Noncoding RNA HOTAIR in Lung Cancer. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:17217-17227. [PMID: 34278108 PMCID: PMC8280638 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c00905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. Exosomes can mediate intracellular communication in cancer by transferring active molecules. However, the role and mechanism of HOTAIR in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are still unclear. This study mainly explores the role and mechanism of exosome-derived HOTAIR in NSCLC. METHODS after the material characterization of the CD63 immune lipid magnetic bead (CD63-IMB), the exosomes in serum of NSCLC patients were captured through CD63-IMB for the corresponding biological characterization. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression level of HOTAIR in tumor tissues, serum, and serum exosome from NSCLC patients. Subsequently, exosome secreted by NCI-H1975 cells with highly expressed HOTAIR was selected to treat low-expression A549 cells and HOTAIR knockdown on NCI-H1975 cells. In this way, action mechanisms of HOTAIR can be investigated by means of qRT-PCR, colony formation assays, and flow cytometry. RESULTS exosomes can be isolated by CD63-IMB, and taken up by cells effectively; the qRT-PCR results demonstrate that HOTAIR expressions are significantly upregulated in tumor tissues, serums, and exosomes isolated from serums of NSCLC patients. Clinicopathological correlation analysis shows that the upregulation of HOTAIR is closely associated with lymphatic metastasis and tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging (P < 0.05). HOTAIR expressions show a significant increase in A549 cells treated with exosomes derived from NCI-H1975 cells, signifying that both proliferation and migration of A549 cells are promoted, and HOTAIR depletion could inhibit the proliferation and migration of lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS HOTAIR is highly expressed in tumor tissues, serums, and serum exosomes of NSCLC patients and its expression has a significant correlation with lymphatic metastasis and TNM staging. Moreover, the exosome may promote NSCLC proliferation and migration through HOTAIR transportation. Therefore, exosome-derived HOTAIR is expected to be a new molecular marker for NSCLC diagnosis, and exosomal transmission of HOTAIR may provide a new approach to NSCLC diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lanlan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361001, China
| | - Shenhui Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361001, China
| | - Jincheng Huang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361001, China
| | - Qiujuan Chen
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361001, China
| | - Qihong Zhuang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical
Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital
of Xiamen University, No. 55 Zhenhai Road, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361001, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Chatterjee M, Viswanathan P. Long noncoding RNAs in the regulation of p53-mediated apoptosis in human cancers. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:1364-1382. [PMID: 33760332 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are widely known for their regulatory function in transcriptional and posttranscriptional processes. The involvement of such non-protein-coding RNAs in nuclear organization and chromatin remodeling is often associated with an increased risk of human malignancies. In cancer, lncRNAs either promote cell survival or may act as a growth suppressor, thus conferring a key regulatory function other than their established role in fundamental cellular processes. Interestingly, lncRNAs interfere with the stages of apoptosis and related pathways involving p53. Many of these molecules either regulate or are regulated by p53 while mounting oncogenic events. Consequently, they may confer both prosurvival or proapoptotic functions depending upon the tissue type. Since the mechanism of cell death is bypassed in many human cancers, it has emerged that the lncRNAs are either overexpressed or knocked down to sensitize cells to apoptotic stimuli. Nonetheless, the abundant expression of lncRNAs in tumor cells renders them suitable targets for anticancer therapies. Although the role of lncRNAs in the p53 network and apoptosis has been independently defined, their interplay in activating p53-target genes during cell cycle arrest remains unexplored. Thus, we have specifically reviewed the possible involvement of lncRNAs in the p53-mediated apoptosis of human cancer cells. In particular, we summarize the growing evidence from individual studies and analyze whether lncRNAs are essential to facilitate apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. This may lead to the identification of p53-associated lncRNAs that are suitable therapeutic targets or diagnostic/prognostic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manjima Chatterjee
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Loras A, Segovia C, Ruiz-Cerdá JL. Epigenomic and Metabolomic Integration Reveals Dynamic Metabolic Regulation in Bladder Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2719. [PMID: 34072826 PMCID: PMC8198168 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) represents a clinical, social, and economic challenge due to tumor-intrinsic characteristics, limitations of diagnostic techniques and a lack of personalized treatments. In the last decade, the use of liquid biopsy has grown as a non-invasive approach to characterize tumors. Moreover, the emergence of omics has increased our knowledge of cancer biology and identified critical BC biomarkers. The rewiring between epigenetics and metabolism has been closely linked to tumor phenotype. Chromatin remodelers interact with each other to control gene silencing in BC, but also with stress-inducible factors or oncogenic signaling cascades to regulate metabolic reprogramming towards glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway, and lipogenesis. Concurrently, one-carbon metabolism supplies methyl groups to histone and DNA methyltransferases, leading to the hypermethylation and silencing of suppressor genes in BC. Conversely, α-KG and acetyl-CoA enhance the activity of histone demethylases and acetyl transferases, increasing gene expression, while succinate and fumarate have an inhibitory role. This review is the first to analyze the interplay between epigenome, metabolome and cell signaling pathways in BC, and shows how their regulation contributes to tumor development and progression. Moreover, it summarizes non-invasive biomarkers that could be applied in clinical practice to improve diagnosis, monitoring, prognosis and the therapeutic options in BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alba Loras
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en TICs Aplicadas a la Reingeniería de Procesos Socio-Sanitarios (eRPSS), Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Segovia
- Epithelial Carcinogenesis Group, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ruiz-Cerdá
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Universitat Politècnica de València-Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain;
- Servicio de Urología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Facultad de Medicina y Odontología, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abdel-Motaleb AI, Azzazy HM, Moustafa A. Toward Colorectal Cancer Biomarkers: The Role of Genetic Variation, Wnt Pathway, and Long Noncoding RNAs. OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY 2021; 25:302-312. [PMID: 33891491 PMCID: PMC8110006 DOI: 10.1089/omi.2020.0231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of death worldwide, comprising nearly 8% of cancer-related deaths per year. In South Korea, for example, CRC is the second most common cancer in men, and third in women. This study reports on the association of CRC with genetic variations in long noncoding RNAs, activators, and inhibitors of a cell proliferation pathway. Five normal colon mucosa tissue samples and their matched five-stage IV CRC samples were evaluated (dataset Gene Expression Omnibus accession: GSE50760). We identified more than 5000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The Wnt pathway had the greatest portion of DEGs, including activators, inhibitors, and associated long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), suggesting the importance of Wnt pathway in CRC. The following genes were aberrantly expressed: WIF1, SFRP4, CD82, WNT2, WNT3, WNT5A, HOTAIR, CRNDE, and UCA1. Notably, HOTAIR is known to silence WIF1, and WIF1 inhibits the Wnt ligands to negatively regulate the pathway. The lncRNA CRNDE positively regulates WNT5A, while UCA1 positively regulates WNT2 and WNT3. We note that HOTAIR was unable to silence WIF1. CRNDE and UCA1 were found to be upregulated, which may explain the high expression of the WIF1 targets. Furthermore, 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified in five of the candidate genes above. A possible novel SNP in CD82, chr11:44619242T > C, was predicted to introduce a ZBTB7A binding site. These SNPs are hypothesized to contribute to aberrant and discrepant regulation of the Wnt pathway in a context of CRC pathogenesis. These findings collectively inform future research on diagnostics and therapeutics innovation in CRC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hassan M Azzazy
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry and American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Moustafa
- Biotechnology Graduate Program, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biology, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chatterjee M, Viswanathan P. Long noncoding RNAs in the regulation of p53‐mediated apoptosis in human cancers. Cell Biol Int 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cbin.11597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manjima Chatterjee
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- School of Bio Sciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology Vellore Tamil Nadu India
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Sun Y, Yi Y, Gan S, Ye R, Huang C, Li M, Huang J, Guo Y. miR-574-5p mediates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in small cell lung cancer by targeting vimentin via a competitive endogenous RNA network. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:459. [PMID: 33907569 PMCID: PMC8063265 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have suggested that non-coding RNAs mediate tumorigenesis via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). However, whether the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) plays a role in the EMT of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) remains unclear. The results of the present study suggest that HOTTIP-knockdown may lead to a significant increase in E-cadherin expression and a decrease in vimentin (VIM) expression; these proteins are two key markers of EMT. Furthermore, a notable morphological change in SCLC cells with HOTTIP-knockdown was observed: After upregulation of microRNA (miR)-574-5p, the cells exhibited a long, fusiform morphology. Investigating these phenomena further revealed that HOTTIP may participate in EMT by binding to miR-574-5p. In addition, using bioinformatics technology and a dual luciferase reporter assay, it was found that miR-574-5p inhibited VIM expression via direct binding and interaction. In summary, the present results indicate that HOTTIP may be involved in the EMT of SCLC by binding to miR-574-5p, and that miR-574-5p may act through VIM, which is a key marker of EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqin Sun
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Center of Pathology Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Yanmei Yi
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Siyuan Gan
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Center of Pathology Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Ruifang Ye
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Center of Pathology Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Cailing Huang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Center of Pathology Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Man Li
- Department of Pathology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Pathology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong 523808, P.R. China.,Center of Pathology Diagnosis and Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong 524023, P.R. China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510282, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Ebrahimpour A, Sarfi M, Rezatabar S, Tehrani SS. Novel insights into the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs in glioma. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2317-2335. [PMID: 33582947 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04080-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Glioma is the most common brain tumor of the central nervous system. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to play a vital role in the initiation and progression of glioma, including tumor cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, invasion, and therapy resistance. New documents emerged, which indicated that the interaction between long non-coding RNAs and miRNAs contributes to the tumorigenesis and pathogenesis of glioma. LncRNAs can act as competing for endogenous RNA (ceRNA), and molecular sponge/deregulator in regulating miRNAs. These interactions stimulate different molecular signaling pathways in glioma, including the lncRNAs/miRNAs/Wnt/β-catenin molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs/miRNAs/PI3K/AKT/mTOR molecular signaling pathway, the lncRNAs-miRNAs/MAPK kinase molecular signaling pathway, and the lncRNAs/miRNAs/NF-κB molecular signaling pathway. In this paper, the basic roles and molecular interactions of the lncRNAs and miRNAs pathway glioma were summarized to better understand the pathogenesis and tumorigenesis of glioma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Ebrahimpour
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sarfi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Setareh Rezatabar
- Student Research Committee, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Sadra Samavarchi Tehrani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. .,Student Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Wang W, Cheng X, Zhu J. Long non-coding RNA OTUD6B-AS1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation, invasion and migration of colorectal cancer cells via downregulation of microRNA-3171. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:193. [PMID: 33574932 PMCID: PMC7816294 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common digestive system malignancy and a major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs has been reported in several types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of ovarian tumor domain containing 6B antisense RNA1 (OTUD6B-AS1) in CRC and its underlying mechanisms. OTUD6B-AS1 expression in CRC cell lines was examined using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Furthermore, The Cancer Genome Atlas database was utilized to examine the expression levels of OTUD6B-AS1 in CRC tissues. Following OTUD6B-AS1 overexpression, Cell Counting Kit-8 and colony formation assays were used to detect the proliferation ability of HCT116 cells. The expression levels of proliferation-related protein Ki67 were determined using immunofluorescence staining. Subsequently, Transwell and wound healing assays were used to evaluate the invasion and migration of HCT116 cells, respectively. The expression levels of migration-related proteins (MMP2 and MMP9) were measured using western blotting. Additionally, a luciferase reporter assay was used to verify the potential interaction between OTUD6B-AS1 and microRNA-3171 (miR-3171). Subsequently, rescue assays were performed to clarify the regulatory effects of OTUD6B-AS1 and miR-3171 on CRC development. The results demonstrated that OTUD6B-AS1 expression was low in CRC cells and tissues. Overexpression of OTUD6B-AS1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of HCT116 cells. Furthermore, miR-3171 was demonstrated to be a direct target of OTUD6B-AS1 using a luciferase reporter assay. The rescue assays revealed that miR-3171 mimics markedly reversed the inhibitory effects of OTUD6B-AS1 overexpression on proliferation, invasion and migration of CRC cells. Overall, these findings demonstrated that OTUD6B-AS1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation, invasion and migration of HCT116 cells via downregulation of miR-3171, suggesting that OTUD6B-AS1 may serve as a novel biomarker for CRC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Emergency Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital (Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital), Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| | - Xia Cheng
- Graduate School, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, Affiliated Zhongshan Hospital of Dalian University, Dalian, Liaoning 116000, P.R. China
| | - Jianhua Zhu
- Department of Emergency Traumatic Surgery, Shanghai Pudong New District Zhoupu Hospital (Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital), Shanghai 201318, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chao P, Yongheng F, Jin Z, Yu Z, Shiyong Y, Kunxing Y, Yong M. lncRNA HOTAIR knockdown suppresses gastric cancer cell biological activities. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:123-134. [PMID: 33473276 PMCID: PMC7802579 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the involvement of long noncoding RNA HOTAIR in gastric cancer development. Measurement of HOTAIR and miRNA-206 expression by in situ hybridization (ISH) and analyzed for the correlation between HOTAIR and miRNA-206 in gastric cancer tissues. To evaluate the effects of HOTAIR in gastric cancer, MTT assay, flow cytometry, transwell, and wound healing assays were applied. To explain the mechanism behind HOTAIR's involvement, the expression of proteins related to it was also measured by Western blotting. Finally, correlations among related factors were determined by a luciferase target experiment. HOTAIR expression significantly increased, and miRNA-206 expression significantly decreased in cancer tissues (p < .01 and p < .001, respectively); HOTAIR knockdown suppressed cell viability, increased cell apoptosis by maintaining cells in the G1 phase, and inhibited cell invasion and migration by regulating miRNA-206 expression (p < .01 or p < .001). Meanwhile, with HOTAIR knockdown, CCND1 and CCND2 protein expressions were significantly suppressed, whereas miRNA-206 expression increased (p < .01 or p < .001). HOTAIR was shown to target miRNA-206 and miRNA-206 targeted CCND1 and CCND2. HOTAIR knockdown had antitumor effects by suppressing CCND1 and CCND2 expression by stimulating miRNA-206 in gastric cancer in vitro study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Chao
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Feng Yongheng
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhou Jin
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Zhu Yu
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Shiyong
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Kunxing
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Ma Yong
- Department of General SurgeryNanjing First HospitalNanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
The potential of long noncoding RNAs for precision medicine in human cancer. Cancer Lett 2020; 501:12-19. [PMID: 33359450 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Precision medicine promises to better classify patients by individual clinical and biological biomarkers, which may provide an accurate assessment of disease risk, diagnosis, prognosis and treatment response. Cancer frequently displays substantial inter-tumor and intra-tumor heterogeneity and hence oncology is well suited for application of precision approaches. Recent studies have demonstrated that dysregulated lncRNAs play pivotal roles in tumor heterogeneity. In this review, attention is focused on the potential applications of lncRNAs as biomarker candidates for cancer risk evaluation, detection, surveillance and prognosis. LncRNAs are often stable in clinical samples and easily detected. The functional implications and therapeutic potential of targeting lncRNAs in human cancer are further discussed. Finally, existing deficiencies and future perspectives in translating fundamental lncRNA knowledge into clinical practice are highlighted.
Collapse
|
32
|
Kumar S, Gonzalez EA, Rameshwar P, Etchegaray JP. Non-Coding RNAs as Mediators of Epigenetic Changes in Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E3657. [PMID: 33291485 PMCID: PMC7762117 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12123657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are untranslated RNA molecules that regulate gene expressions. NcRNAs include small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs), small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), transfer RNAs (tRNAs), circular RNAs (cRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). This review focuses on two types of ncRNAs: microRNAs (miRNAs) or short interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). We highlight the mechanisms by which miRNAs and lncRNAs impact the epigenome in the context of cancer. Both miRNAs and lncRNAs have the ability to interact with numerous epigenetic modifiers and transcription factors to influence gene expression. The aberrant expression of these ncRNAs is associated with the development and progression of tumors. The primary reason for their deregulated expression can be attributed to epigenetic alterations. Epigenetic alterations can cause the misregulation of ncRNAs. The experimental evidence indicated that most abnormally expressed ncRNAs impact cellular proliferation and apoptotic pathways, and such changes are cancer-dependent. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that, depending on the cancer type, either the upregulation or downregulation of ncRNAs can prevent the proliferation and progression of cancer. Therefore, a better understanding on how ncRNAs impact tumorigenesis could serve to develop new therapeutic treatments. Here, we review the involvement of ncRNAs in cancer epigenetics and highlight their use in clinical therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhasree Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
| | - Edward A. Gonzalez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
| | - Pranela Rameshwar
- Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Etchegaray
- Department of Biological Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07102, USA; (S.K.); (E.A.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Non-coding RNAs in Brain Tumors, the Contribution of lncRNAs, circRNAs, and snoRNAs to Cancer Development-Their Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21197001. [PMID: 32977537 PMCID: PMC7582339 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain tumors are one of the most frightening ailments that afflict human beings worldwide. They are among the most lethal of all adult and pediatric solid tumors. The unique cell-intrinsic and microenvironmental properties of neural tissues are some of the most critical obstacles that researchers face in the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors. Intensifying the search for potential new molecular markers in order to develop new effective treatments for patients might resolve this issue. Recently, the world of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) has become a field of intensive research since the discovery of their essential impact on carcinogenesis. Some of the most promising diagnostic and therapeutic regulatory RNAs are long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circular RNAs (circRNAs), and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs). Many recent reports indicate the important role of these molecules in brain tumor development, as well as their implications in metastasis. In the following review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about regulatory RNAs, namely lncRNA, circRNAs, and snoRNAs, and their impact on the development of brain tumors in children and adults with particular emphasis on malignant primary brain tumors-gliomas and medulloblastomas (MB). We also provide an overview of how these different ncRNAs may act as biomarkers in these tumors and we present their potential clinical implications.
Collapse
|
34
|
Yang W, Yue Y, Yin F, Qi Z, Guo R, Xu Y. LINC01133 and LINC01243 are positively correlated with endometrial carcinoma pathogenesis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2020; 303:207-215. [PMID: 32929617 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-020-05791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To characterize the role of two long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), LINC01133 and LINC01243, in endometrial carcinoma (EC) pathogenesis. LINC01133 is an lncRNA that has been implicated in many cancers, and LINC01243 is a newly identified lncRNA identified from the NCBI GEO database. METHODS We studied the effect of LINC01133 and LINC01243 on EC malignancy using siRNA knockdown and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), flow cytometry, Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide double staining, Transwell, and scratch invasion assays in two EC cell lines (Ishikawa and HEC-1-A cells). RESULTS We first confirmed the partial knockdown of both LINC01133 and LINC01243 expression in Ishikawa and HEC-1-A cells using RT-qPCR. Following confirmation of lncRNA knockdown, we assessed the effect of knockdown on EC malignancy. We observed reduced EC cell proliferation using the CCK-8 assay, as well as cell cycle arrest and increased apoptosis in both EC cell lines. Furthermore, Transwell and scratch invasion assays revealed decreased migration and invasion of the two EC cell lines, respectively. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that LINC01133 and LINC01243 expression are associated with EC development and progression. Our findings suggest a potential role for these lncRNAs as novel EC biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weina Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yingying Yue
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fei Yin
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiying Qi
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruimeng Guo
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanying Xu
- Department of Gynecology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Kyriazi AA, Papiris E, Kitsos Kalyvianakis K, Sakellaris G, Baritaki S. Dual Effects of Non-Coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in Cancer Stem Cell Biology. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186658. [PMID: 32932969 PMCID: PMC7556003 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The identification of cancer stem cells (CSCs) as initiators of carcinogenesis has revolutionized the era of cancer research and our perception for the disease treatment options. Additional CSC features, including self-renewal and migratory and invasive capabilities, have further justified these cells as putative diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic targets. Given the CSC plasticity, the identification of CSC-related biomarkers has been a serious burden in CSC characterization and therapeutic targeting. Over the past decades, a compelling amount of evidence has demonstrated critical regulatory functions of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) on the exclusive features of CSCs. We now know that ncRNAs may interfere with signaling pathways, vital for CSC phenotype maintenance, such as Notch, Wnt, and Hedgehog. Here, we discuss the multifaceted contribution of microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), as representative ncRNA classes, in sustaining the CSC-like traits, as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms of their action in various CSC types. We further discuss the use of CSC-related ncRNAs as putative biomarkers of high diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Athina A. Kyriazi
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Efstathios Papiris
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - Konstantinos Kitsos Kalyvianakis
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
| | - George Sakellaris
- Surgery Unit, University General Hospital, 71500 Heraklion (PAGNH), Greece;
| | - Stavroula Baritaki
- Laboratory of Experimental Oncology, Division of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71500 Heraklion, Greece; (A.A.K.); (E.P.); (K.K.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +30-2810394727
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Luo F, Wen Y, Zhou H, Li Z. Roles of long non-coding RNAs in cervical cancer. Life Sci 2020; 256:117981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.117981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
37
|
Bai X, Wang W, Zhao P, Wen J, Guo X, Shen T, Shen J, Yang X. LncRNA CRNDE acts as an oncogene in cervical cancer through sponging miR-183 to regulate CCNB1 expression. Carcinogenesis 2020; 41:111-121. [PMID: 31605132 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgz166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 08/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies have identified a series of lncRNAs that contributed to various tumors, although the underlying mechanisms remain largely unclear. We proposed a ceRNA network and investigate relations among lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA in cervical cancer (CC). The genes of differential expression and lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA network were identified by combining TCGA, miRcode, starBase, miRTarBase, miRDB, TargetScan and STRING databases. Meanwhile, the function enrichment was recognized with Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes. Quantitative real time-PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed to determine colorectal neoplasia differentially expressed (CRNDE) expression in CC tissues and cell lines. The effects of CRNDE on the CC biological functions and cyclin B1 (CCNB1) expression were detected by conducting in vitro and in vivo experiments. Quantitative real time-PCR, western blot and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to predict the target of miR-183. Furthermore, rescue experiments were conducted to further confirm the regulation of CCNB1 by CRNDE. Systematic analyses of bioinformatics from several databases predicted that CRNDE, miR-183 and CCNB1 were in the same network path. Their expressions were up-regulated in CC tissues and cells. Silencing CRNDE-inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, restricted solid tumor growth and promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, our results suggested that miR-183 targeted the CCNB1 3'UTR and regulated its expression. Additionally, miR-183 mimic could inverse the antitumor function of CRNDE inhibition and partially eliminated the attenuated expression of CCNB1 induced by silencing CRNDE, indicating that CRNDE could positively regulate CCNB1 expression by sponging miR-183. Our study highlighted a role for the CRNDE/miR-183/CCNB1-axis in CC and offered a promising diagnostic strategy for CC treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Bai
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wendong Wang
- Hangzhou Guang Yu Yuan Medicine Technology Co, Ltd, Hangzou, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jie Wen
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuedong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tao Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junhua Shen
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofu Yang
- Department of Obstetrics, Women's Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Johnson TG, Schelch K, Lai K, Marzec KA, Kennerson M, Grusch M, Reid G, Burgess A. YB-1 Knockdown Inhibits the Proliferation of Mesothelioma Cells through Multiple Mechanisms. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2285. [PMID: 32823952 PMCID: PMC7464182 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Y-box binding protein-1 (YB-1) is a multifunctional oncoprotein that has been shown to regulate proliferation, invasion and metastasis in a variety of cancer types. We previously demonstrated that YB-1 is overexpressed in mesothelioma cells and its knockdown significantly reduces tumour cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. However, the mechanisms driving these effects are unclear. Here, we utilised an unbiased RNA-seq approach to characterise the changes to gene expression caused by loss of YB-1 knockdown in three mesothelioma cell lines (MSTO-211H, VMC23 and REN cells). Bioinformatic analysis showed that YB-1 knockdown regulated 150 common genes that were enriched for regulators of mitosis, integrins and extracellular matrix organisation. However, each cell line also displayed unique gene expression signatures, that were differentially enriched for cell death or cell cycle control. Interestingly, deregulation of STAT3 and p53-pathways were a key differential between each cell line. Using flow cytometry, apoptosis assays and single-cell time-lapse imaging, we confirmed that MSTO-211H, VMC23 and REN cells underwent either increased cell death, G1 arrest or aberrant mitotic division, respectively. In conclusion, this data indicates that YB-1 knockdown affects a core set of genes in mesothelioma cells. Loss of YB-1 causes a cascade of events that leads to reduced mesothelioma proliferation, dependent on the underlying functionality of the STAT3/p53-pathways and the genetic landscape of the cell.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas G. Johnson
- The Asbestos Diseases Research Institute (ADRI), Concord Hospital, Concord, Sydney 2139, Australia;
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
- Sydney Catalyst Translational Research Centre, Sydney 2050, Australia
| | - Karin Schelch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Kaitao Lai
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Kamila A. Marzec
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
| | - Marina Kennerson
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia
| | - Michael Grusch
- Institute of Cancer Research, Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (K.S.); (M.G.)
| | - Glen Reid
- Department of Pathology, The University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand;
- The Maurice Wilkins Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Andrew Burgess
- The ANZAC Research Institute, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Sydney 2139, Australia; (K.L.); (K.A.M.); (M.K.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney Concord Clinical School, Sydney 2139, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Farooqi AA, Fayyaz S, Poltronieri P, Calin G, Mallardo M. Epigenetic deregulation in cancer: Enzyme players and non-coding RNAs. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 83:197-207. [PMID: 32738290 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Data obtained from cutting-edge research have shown that deregulated epigenetic marks are critical hallmarks of cancer. Rapidly emerging scientific evidence has helped in developing a proper understanding of the mechanisms leading to control of cellular functions, from changes in chromatin accessibility, transcription and translation, and in post-translational modifications. Firstly, mechanisms of DNA methylation and demethylation are introduced, as well as modifications of DNA and RNA, with particular focus on N6-methyladenosine (m6A), discussing the effects of these modifications in normal cells and in malignancies. Then, chromatin modifying proteins and remodelling complexes are discussed. Many enzymes and accessory proteins in these complexes have been found mutated or have undergone differential splicing, leading to defective protein complexes. Epigenetic mechanisms acting on nucleosomes by polycomb repressive complexes and on chromatin by SWI/SNF complexes on nucleosome assembly/disassembly, as well as main mutated genes linked to cancers, are reviewed. Among enzymes acting on histones and other proteins erasing the reversible modifications are histone deacetylases (HDACs). Sirtuins are of interest since most of these enzymes not only deacylate histones and other proteins, but also post-translationally modify proteins adding a Mono-ADP-ribose (MAR) moiety. MAR can be read by MACRO-domain containing proteins such as histone MacroH2A1, with specific function in chromatin assembly. Finally, recent advances are presented on non-coding RNAs with a scaffold function, prospecting their role in assembly of chromatin modifying complexes, recruiting enzyme players to chromatin regions. Lastly, the imbalance in metabolites production due to mitochondrial dysfunction is presented, with the potential of these metabolites to inhibit enzymes, either writers, readers or erasers of epitranscriptome marks. In the perspectives, studies are overwied on drugs under development aiming to limit excessive enzyme activities and to reactivate chromatin modifying complexes, for therapeutic application. This knowledge may lead to novel drugs and personalised medicine for cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ammad Ahmad Farooqi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Biomedical and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan.
| | | | - Palmiro Poltronieri
- Institute of Sciences of Food Productions, National Research Council of Italy, via Monteroni Km 7, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - George Calin
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, and Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNAs, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Massimo Mallardo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples, "Federico II" via Pansini 5, Napoli, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Javed Z, Khan K, Iqbal MZ, Ahmad T, Raza Q, Sadia H, Raza S, Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Cho WC. Long non-coding RNA regulation of TRAIL in breast cancer: A tangle of non-coding threads. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:37. [PMID: 32802161 PMCID: PMC7412712 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.11896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease posing a serious threat to the female population worldwide. A complex molecular landscape and tumor heterogeneity render breast cancer cells resistant to drugs and able to promote metastasis and invasiveness. Despite the recent advancements in diagnostics and drug discovery, finding an effective cure for breast cancer is still a major challenge. Positive and negative regulation of apoptosis has been a subject of extensive study over the years. Numerous studies have shed light on the mechanisms that impede the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) signaling cascade. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been implicated in the orchestration, development, proliferation, differentiation and metastasis of breast cancer. However, the roles of lncRNAs in fine-tuning apoptosis regulating machinery in breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The present review illuminates the roles of these molecules in the regulation of breast cancer and the interplay between lncRNA and TRAIL in breast cancer. The present review also attempts to reveal their role in the regulation of apoptosis in breast cancer appears a promising approach for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic regimens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, Punjab 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zaheer Iqbal
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Punjab 53700, Pakistan
| | - Touqeer Ahmad
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab 54000, Pakistan
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta, Balochistan 87100, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office for Research Innovation and Commercialization, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Punjab 54792, Pakistan
| | - Bahare Salehi
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 44340847, Iran
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1991953381, Iran
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Wang H, Meng F, Dong S. Aberrant Expression of Gastric Carcinoma High Expressed Transcript 1 is a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Human Cancer. J Natl Med Assoc 2020; 112:602-612. [PMID: 32653201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric carcinoma high expressed transcript 1 (GHET1), a long noncoding RNA (LncRNA), has been reported to be involved in tumor genesis and cancer progression. High GHET1 expression is correlated with a poor prognosis in cancer. In this meta-analysis, we investigated the association between GHET1 and lymph node metastasis, differentiation, vascular invasion and so on in human cancer. METHODS We performed systematic search in PubMed, EMBASE, Wiley Online Library, Wiley Online Library, and Medline from January 1, 1996 to September 25, 2017. A total of 8 studies were selected for further research. RESULTS The result showed that GHET1 expression was significantly associated with OS (hazard ratio [HR] = 2.23; 95% CI, 1.86-2.67; P < 0.0001), including digestive system tumor (HR = 2.17; 95% CI, 1.63-2.89; P < 0.0001). Moreover, high GHET1 expression was related to tumor size (odds ratio [OR] = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.57-2.94; P < 0.00001), TNM stage (Ⅲ+Ⅳ vs.Ⅰ+Ⅱ; OR = 4.02, 95% CI:3.06-5.28; P < 0.00001), lymph node metastasis (Yes vs. No; OR = 3.55, 95% CI:2.54-4.95; P < 0.00001), differentiation (poor vs. well or moderate; OR = 1.72, 95% CI:1.22-2.42; P = 0.002), vascular invasion (Yes vs. No; OR = 3.03, 95% CI:1.80-5.12; P = 0.00001). Also, we found that high expression of GHET1 has a significant relationship with analysis method and sample size. It almost higher in different human cancers. CONCLUSIONS GHET1 may serve as a potential clinical biomarker and poor survival and high-risk recurrence in cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, PR China.
| | - Fanyu Meng
- Department of Cardiology, Jilin Provincial People's Hospital, 1183 Gongnong Road, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, PR China
| | - Surong Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou People's Hospital, 366 Taihu Road, Taizhou, Jiangsu, 225300, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Yang Y, Xing D, Wang Y, Jia H, Li B, Li JJ. A long non-coding RNA, HOTAIR, promotes cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis by inhibiting WIF-1 expression and activating Wnt pathway. BMC Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:53. [PMID: 32650720 PMCID: PMC7350747 DOI: 10.1186/s12860-020-00299-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are recently found to be critical regulators of the epigenome. However, our knowledge of their role in osteoarthritis (OA) development is limited. This study investigates the mechanism by which HOTAIR, a key lncRNA with elevated expression in OA, affects OA disease progression. Results HOTAIR expression was greatly elevated in osteoarthritic compared to normal chondrocytes. Silencing and over-expression of HOTAIR in SW1353 cells respectively reduced and increased the expression of genes associated with cartilage degradation in OA. Investigation of molecular pathways revealed that HOTAIR acted directly on Wnt inhibitory factor 1 (WIF-1) by increasing histone H3K27 trimethylation in the WIF-1 promoter, leading to WIF-1 repression that favours activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusions Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signalling by HOTAIR through WIF-1 repression in osteoarthritic chondrocytes increases catabolic gene expression and promotes cartilage degradation. This is the first study to demonstrate a direct link between HOTAIR, WIF-1 and OA progression, which may be useful for future investigations into disease biomarkers or therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinic & Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Yawei Wang
- Department of Electromyography, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Haobo Jia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Bing Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, 300211, China
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- Kolling Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Barwal TS, Sharma U, Vasquez KM, Prakash H, Jain A. A panel of circulating long non-coding RNAs as liquid biopsy biomarkers for breast and cervical cancers. Biochimie 2020; 176:62-70. [PMID: 32634463 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The early detection and diagnosis of cancer is critical to optimize the treatment and management of cancer patients. Typical methods such as imaging and tissue biopsy are invasive, time-consuming, and often imprecise. Thus, recent technological advances of dependable, facile, and minimally invasive collectible oncogenic biomarkers using human biofluids and secretions have been an active area of research. Recently, circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as promising biomarkers that fulfill many recommended properties of successful biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. LncRNAs play essential roles in many cellular processes including DNA repair, cell proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulating the expression of various genes associated with cancer development and progression. Herein, we discuss the regulatory functions/pathways associated with multiple cancer-associated lncRNAs and their potential as prognostic/diagnostic markers for breast and cervical cancers. Additionally, we provide a correlation between lncRNA levels in the blood and clinicopathological data, including sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under Curve (AUC) merits of model performance value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Singh Barwal
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Uttam Sharma
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Karen M Vasquez
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA
| | - Hridayesh Prakash
- Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University, Noida, India
| | - Aklank Jain
- Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Zhao L, Chen T, Tang X, Li S, Liang R, Wang Y. Medulloblastoma malignant biological behaviors are associated with HOTAIR/miR-483-3p/CDK4 axis. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2020; 8:886. [PMID: 32793730 PMCID: PMC7396793 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-5006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor in children. Although the 5-year survival rate is high, patients with relapsed medulloblastoma have a guarded prognosis. HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) has been proved to be related to the metastasis of various tumors. Therefore, the molecular mechanism of HOTAIR in medulloblastoma cells was investigated in this study. METHODS HOTAIR was stably silenced in medulloblastoma cells (Daoy and D341). Cell proliferation and apoptosis were detected by 5'-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining, Hoechst 33342 staining, immunohistochemical (IHC), Terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry, respectively. The targeted relationship between HOTAIR/Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and miR-483-3p were predicted by bioinformatics and confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Balb/C nude mice were inoculated with shRNA-HOTAIR transfected Daoy cells. RESULTS We found that the down-regulation of HOTAIR inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis. Sh-RNA-HOTAIR also inhibited the expression of CKD4. The CDK4 dependent increase of cell proliferation and decrease of cell apoptosis were reversed by shRNA-HOTAIR. Finally, a xenograft model of medulloblastoma in nude mice was built, and the effect of shRNA-HOTAIR on the growth of tumors was analyzed by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining, and TUNEL staining. The data suggested interference of HOTAIR inhibited the growth, tumor weight, cell proliferation, and promoted cell apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS Our study altogether demonstrated HOTAIR influence cell proliferation and apoptosis by regulation of miR-483-3p and CDK4 in medulloblastoma cells. HOTAIR can be used as a candidate for potential applications in the treatment of medulloblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Long Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, China
| | - Xiaoping Tang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Shun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Ruofei Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuanchuan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Abstract
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have multiple functions in the regulation of cellular homeostasis. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that tumor-associated lncRNAs play key roles in promoting and maintaining tumor initiation and progression by shaping the tumor microenvironment through changing tumor cell intrinsic properties. Here, we focus on the roles of lncRNAs in cancer immunology. In the first part, we provide an overview of the roles played by lncRNAs and their deregulation in cancer at the cancer cell- and tumor microenvironment-associated immune cell levels. We go on to describe preclinical strategies for targeting lncRNAs, particularly highlighting the effects on tumor microenvironments. We then discuss the possibility of combining lncRNA targeting and tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies to treat cancer.
Collapse
|
46
|
HOX Transcript Antisense RNA HOTAIR Abrogates Vasculogenic Mimicry by Targeting the AngiomiR-204/FAK Axis in Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Noncoding RNA 2020; 6:ncrna6020019. [PMID: 32466537 PMCID: PMC7345118 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna6020019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
HOX transcript antisense RNA (HOTAIR) is an oncogenic long non-coding RNA frequently overexpressed in cancer. HOTAIR can enhance the malignant behavior of tumors by sponging microRNAs with tumor suppressor functions. Vasculogenic mimicry is a hypoxia-activated process in which tumor cells form three-dimensional (3D) channel-like networks, resembling endothelial blood vessels, to obtain nutrients. However, the role of HOTAIR in vasculogenic mimicry and the underlying mechanisms are unknown in human cancers. In the current study, we investigated the relevance of HOTAIR in hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry in metastatic MDA-MB-231 and invasive Hs-578t triple negative breast cancer cells. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database using cBioPortal confirmed that HOTAIR was upregulated in clinical breast tumors relative to normal mammary tissues. Our quantitative RT-PCR assays showed a significant increase in HOTAIR levels after 48 h hypoxia relative to normoxia in breast cancer cell lines. Remarkably, knockdown of HOTAIR significantly abolished the hypoxia-induced vasculogenic mimicry which was accompanied by a reduction in the number of 3D channel-like networks and branch points. Likewise, HOTAIR silencing leads to reduced cell migration abilities of cancer cells. Bioinformatic analysis predicted that HOTAIR has a potential binding site for tumor suppressor miR-204. Luciferase reporter assays confirmed that HOTAIR is a competitive endogenous sponge of miR-204. Congruently, forced inhibition of HOTAIR in cells resulted in augmented miR-204 levels in breast cancer cells. Further bioinformatic analysis suggested that miR-204 can bind to the 3′ untranslated region of focal adhesion kinase 1 (FAK) transcript involved in cell migration. Western blot and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that FAK is a novel target of miR-204. Finally, silencing of HOTAIR resulted in low levels of cytoplasmic FAK protein and alterations in the organization of cellular cytoskeleton and focal adhesions. In summary, our results showed, for the first time, that HOTAIR mitigates cell migration and vasculogenic mimicry by targeting the miR-204/FAK axis in triple negative breast cancer cells.
Collapse
|
47
|
Cantile M, Di Bonito M, Cerrone M, Collina F, De Laurentiis M, Botti G. Long Non-Coding RNA HOTAIR in Breast Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12051197. [PMID: 32397382 PMCID: PMC7281113 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cancer type among women, and morbidity and mortality rates are still very high. Despite new innovative therapeutic approaches for all BC molecular subtypes, the discovery of new molecular biomarkers involved in tumor progression has been fundamental for the implementation of personalized treatment strategies and improvement of patient management. Many experimental studies indicate that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are strongly involved in BC initiation, metastatic progression, and drug resistance. In particular, aberrant expression of HOX transcript antisense intergenic RNA (HOTAIR) lncRNA plays an important role in BC contributing to its progression and represents a predictor of BC metastasis. For its proven prognostic value, HOTAIR could represent a potential therapeutic target in BC. In the present review, we summarize the role of HOTAIR in cancer progression and drug resistance, in particular in BC, and we illustrate the main approaches for silencing it.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Cantile
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0815903471; Fax: +39-0815903718
| | - Maurizio Di Bonito
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Margherita Cerrone
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | - Francesca Collina
- Pathology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy; (M.D.B.); (M.C.); (F.C.)
| | | | - Gerardo Botti
- Scientific Direction, Istituto Nazionale Tumori-Irccs-Fondazione G.Pascale, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Catana CS, Crișan CA, Opre D, Berindan-Neagoe I. Implications of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Age-Altered Proteostasis. Aging Dis 2020; 11:692-704. [PMID: 32489713 PMCID: PMC7220293 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2019.0814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
This review aims to summarize the current knowledge on how lncRNAs are influencing aging and cancer metabolism. Recent research has shown that senescent cells re-enter cell-cycle depending on intrinsic or extrinsic factors, thus restoring tissue homeostasis in response to age-related diseases (ARDs). Furthermore, maintaining proteostasis or cellular protein homeostasis requires a correct quality control (QC) of protein synthesis, folding, conformational stability, and degradation. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides, regulate gene expression through RNA-binding protein (RBP) interaction. Their association is linked to aging, an event of proteostasis collapse. The current review examines approaches that lead to recognition of senescence-associated lncRNAs, current methodologies, potential challenges that arise from studying these molecules, and their crucial implications in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina-Sorina Catana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Catalina-Angela Crișan
- Department of Neurosciences, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dana Opre
- Department of Psychology, Babeș-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- MEDFUTURE - Research Center for Advanced Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, Institute of Doctoral Studies, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Liu S, Pan C, Tang Y, Chen F, Yang M, Wang KJ. Identification of novel long non-coding RNAs involved in bisphenol A induced immunotoxicity in fish primary macrophages. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:152-160. [PMID: 32147374 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known environmental endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC), could pose a great toxicity risk to aquatic organisms. The present study aimed to evaluate the underlying role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in BPA-induced immunotoxicity in head kidney (HK) macrophages of the red common carp (Cyprinus carpio), using lncRNA-RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq). In BPA-exposed HK macrophages group, 2,095 and 1,138 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were obtained, respectively, compared with controls. The qRT-PCR validation results of DEGs and DE-lncRNAs were similar to the RNA-Seq results. The KEGG analysis of DEGs and target genes of DE-lncRNAs have shown that some immune-related signaling pathways, including NF-kappa B, Toll-like receptor, B-cell receptor, Jak-STAT, and Hippo signaling pathways, were severely disrupted by BPA exposure. Moreover, we observed the synergic regulation of some mRNAs involved in immune response such as two hub genes traf6 and mapk1/3 and their upstream lncRNAs in HK macrophages upon the BPA exposure or its analogue bisphenol S (BPS) exposure. This suggested the dysregulation of lncRNAs by BPA or BPS may lead to a change in the expression of hub genes, which affects the cross-talk of various signaling pathways by interaction with other network genes. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates the potential role of lncRNAs in immunotoxicity of bisphenol compounds in red common carp HK macrophages, and our results provide evidence for further exploring lncRNA's role in EDC-induced toxicity in aquatic organisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Chenyuan Pan
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yi Tang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Fangyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
| | - Ming Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Ke-Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China.
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Crosstalk of lncRNA and Cellular Metabolism and Their Regulatory Mechanism in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082947. [PMID: 32331347 PMCID: PMC7215767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalanced regulation of metabolic homeostasis and energy production is highly associated with inflammation, tumor growth, metastasis and cancer progression. Both glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation maintain metabolic homeostasis and energy production in cells. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a class of non-protein-coding transcripts longer than 200 nucleotides. Furthermore, lncRNAs can function as either tumor suppressors or oncogenes in cancer. Dysregulated lncRNAs reportedly regulate cancer hallmarks such as tumor growth, metabolism and metastasis. Accordingly, uncovering the interaction between lncRNAs and cellular metabolism has become a necessity when attempting to identify effective therapeutic and preventive strategies in cancer progression. This review summarizes important knowledge of the actions of known lncRNAs-mediated cancer metabolism.
Collapse
|