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Vellichirammal NN, Sethi S, Pandey S, Singh J, Wise SY, Carpenter AD, Fatanmi OO, Guda C, Singh VK. Lung transcriptome of nonhuman primates exposed to total- and partial-body irradiation. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2022; 29:584-598. [PMID: 36090752 PMCID: PMC9418744 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The focus of radiation biodosimetry has changed recently, and a paradigm shift for using molecular technologies of omic platforms in addition to cytogenetic techniques has been observed. In our study, we have used a nonhuman primate model to investigate the impact of a supralethal dose of 12 Gy radiation on alterations in the lung transcriptome. We used 6 healthy and 32 irradiated animal samples to delineate radiation-induced changes. We also used a medical countermeasure, γ-tocotrienol (GT3), to observe any changes. We demonstrate significant radiation-induced changes in the lung transcriptome for total-body irradiation (TBI) and partial-body irradiation (PBI). However, no major influence of GT3 on radiation was noted in either comparison. Several common signaling pathways, including PI3K/AKT, GADD45, and p53, were upregulated in both exposures. TBI activated DNA-damage-related pathways in the lungs, whereas PTEN signaling was activated after PBI. Our study highlights the various transcriptional profiles associated with γ- and X-ray exposures, and the associated pathways include LXR/RXR activation in TBI, whereas pulmonary wound-healing and pulmonary fibrosis signaling was repressed in PBI. Our study provides important insights into the molecular pathways associated with irradiation that can be further investigated for biomarker discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sahil Sethi
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Sanjit Pandey
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Jatinder Singh
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen Y. Wise
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alana D. Carpenter
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Oluseyi O. Fatanmi
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Chittibabu Guda
- Department of Genetics, Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Vijay K. Singh
- Division of Radioprotectants, Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, F. Edward Hébert School of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Qi L, Wang Y, Su S, Wang M, Jablonska E, Jia Y, Wang R, Hao S, Feng C, Li G, Jiang M, Du L, Sun H, Li Q, Wang T. Sodium selenite inhibits cervical cancer growth via ROS mediated AMPK/FOXO3a /GADD45a axis. Chem Biol Interact 2022; 367:110171. [PMID: 36108716 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2022.110171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is a trace element that has been shown to inhibit the growth of various cancer cell types. However, its role in cervical cancer and its underlying mechanisms remains largely unknown. Herein, we explored the anti-cervical cancer effect of selenium and its potential mechanisms through xenograft and in vitro experiments. HeLa cell xenografts in female nude mice showed tumor growth retardation, with no obvious liver and kidney toxicity, after being intraperitoneally injected with 3 mg/kg sodium selenite (SS) for 14 days. Compared to the control group, selenium levels in the tumor tissue increased significantly after SS treatment. In vitro experiments, SS inhibited the viability of HeLa and SiHa cells, blocked the cell cycle at the S phase, and enhanced apoptosis. RNA-sequencing, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis showed that forkhead box protein O (FOXO) was a key regulatory signaling pathway for SS to exhibit anticancer effects. Gene Ontology analysis filtered multiple terms associated with apoptosis, anti-proliferation, and cell cycle arrest. Further research revealed that SS increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and impaired mitochondrial function, which activated adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK) via phosphorylation at Thr172, resulting in activation of FOXO3a and its downstream growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible alpha (GADD45a). In summary, SS exhibited anti-cervical cancer effects, and their mechanisms may be that SS is involved in inducing cell cycle arrest and potentiating cell apoptosis caused by ROS-dependent activation of the AMPK/FOXO3a/GADD45a axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qi
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shengqi Su
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ewa Jablonska
- Department of Translational Research, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Sw. Teresy 8 Street, Lodz, 91-348, Poland
| | - Yuehui Jia
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ruixiang Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuxiu Hao
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Chen Feng
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Guijin Li
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Meijing Jiang
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Linlin Du
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Huixin Sun
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Gynecological Radiotherapy, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Keshan Disease, Chinese Center for Endemic Disease Control, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Abstract
GADD45 is a gene family consisting of GADD45A, GADD45B, and GADD45G that is often induced by DNA damage and other stress signals associated with growth arrest and apoptosis. Many of these roles are carried out via signaling mediated by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The GADD45 proteins can contribute to p38 activation either by activation of upstream kinase(s) or by direct interaction, as well as suppression of p38 activity in certain cases. In vivo, there are important tissue and cell type specific differences in the roles for GADD45 in MAPK signaling. In addition to being p53-regulated, GADD45A has also been found to contribute to p53 activation via p38. Like other stress and signaling proteins, GADD45 proteins show complex regulation and numerous effectors. More recently, aberrant GADD45 expression has been found in several human cancers, but the mechanisms behind these findings largely remain to be understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arslon Humayun
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Albert J Fornace
- Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
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4
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Rajamanickam S, Panneerdoss S, Gorthi A, Timilsina S, Onyeagucha B, Kovalskyy D, Ivanov D, Hanes MA, Vadlamudi RK, Chen Y, Bishop AJ, Arbiser JL, Rao MK. Inhibition of FoxM1-Mediated DNA Repair by Imipramine Blue Suppresses Breast Cancer Growth and Metastasis. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:3524-36. [PMID: 26927663 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-2535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The approaches aimed at inhibiting the ability of cancer cells to repair DNA strand breaks have emerged as promising targets for treating cancers. Here, we assessed the potential of imipramine blue (IB), a novel analogue of antidepressant imipramine, to suppress breast cancer growth and metastasis by inhibiting the ability of breast cancer cells to repair DNA strand breaks by homologous recombination (HR). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The effect of IB on breast cancer growth and metastasis was assessed in vitro as well as in preclinical mouse models. Besides, the therapeutic efficacy and safety of IB was determined in ex vivo explants from breast cancer patients. The mechanism of action of IB was evaluated by performing gene-expression, drug-protein interaction, cell-cycle, and DNA repair studies. RESULTS We show that the systemic delivery of IB using nanoparticle-based delivery approach suppressed breast cancer growth and metastasis without inducing toxicity in preclinical mouse models. Using ex vivo explants from breast cancer patients, we demonstrated that IB inhibited breast cancer growth without affecting normal mammary epithelial cells. Furthermore, our mechanistic studies revealed that IB may interact and inhibit the activity of proto-oncogene FoxM1 and associated signaling that play critical roles in HR-mediated DNA repair. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight the potential of IB to be applied as a safe regimen for treating breast cancer patients. Given that FoxM1 is an established therapeutic target for several cancers, the identification of a compound that inhibits FoxM1- and FoxM1-mediated DNA repair has immense translational potential for treating many aggressive cancers. Clin Cancer Res; 22(14); 3524-36. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subapriya Rajamanickam
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Subbarayalu Panneerdoss
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Aparna Gorthi
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Santosh Timilsina
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Benjamin Onyeagucha
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Dmytro Kovalskyy
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Dmitri Ivanov
- Department of Biochemistry, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Martha A Hanes
- Department of Laboratory Animal Resources, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Ratna K Vadlamudi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Yidong Chen
- Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Alexander J Bishop
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Jack L Arbiser
- Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia. Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Manjeet K Rao
- Department of Cell and Structure Biology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas. Greehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas.
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MacLeod AS, Rudolph R, Corriden R, Ye I, Garijo O, Havran WL. Skin-resident T cells sense ultraviolet radiation-induced injury and contribute to DNA repair. J Immunol 2014; 192:5695-702. [PMID: 24808367 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1303297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Skin-resident T cells have been shown to play important roles in tissue homeostasis and wound repair, but their role in UV radiation (UVR)-mediated skin injury and subsequent tissue regeneration is less clear. In this study, we demonstrate that acute UVR rapidly activates skin-resident T cells in humans and dendritic epidermal γδ T cells (DETCs) in mice through mechanisms involving the release of ATP from keratinocytes. Following UVR, extracellular ATP leads to an increase in CD69 expression, proliferation, and IL-17 production, and to changes in DETC morphology. Furthermore, we find that the purinergic receptor P2X7 and caspase-1 are necessary for UVR-induced IL-1 production in keratinocytes, which increases IL-17 secretion by DETCs. IL-17, in turn, induces epidermal TNF-related weak inducer of apoptosis and growth arrest and DNA damage-associated gene 45, two molecules linked to the DNA repair response. Finally, we demonstrate that DETCs and human skin-resident T cells limit DNA damage in keratinocytes. Taken together, our findings establish a novel role for skin-resident T cells in the UVR-associated DNA repair response and underscore the importance of skin-resident T cells to overall skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda S MacLeod
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Ross Rudolph
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Scripps Clinic Torrey Pines, La Jolla, CA 92037; Division of Plastic Surgery, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037; and
| | - Ross Corriden
- Division of Pharmacology and Drug Discovery, Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Ivan Ye
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Olivia Garijo
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Wendy L Havran
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037;
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Zhang RP, Shao JZ, Xiang LX. GADD45A protein plays an essential role in active DNA demethylation during terminal osteogenic differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:41083-94. [PMID: 21917922 PMCID: PMC3220515 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.258715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2011] [Revised: 09/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylation and demethylation of DNA are the complementary processes of epigenetic regulation. These two types of regulation influence a diverse array of cellular activities, including the maintenance of pluripotency and self-renewal in embryonic stem cells. It was generally believed that DNA demethylation occurs passively over several cycles of DNA replication and that active DNA demethylation is rare. Recently, evidence for active DNA demethylation has been obtained in several cancer, neuronal, and embryonic stem cell lines. Studies in embryonic stem cell models, however, suggested that active DNA demethylation might be restricted to the early development of progenitor cells. Whether active demethylation is involved in terminal differentiation of adult stem cells is poorly understood. We provide evidence that active DNA demethylation does occur during terminal specification of stem cells in an adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived osteogenic differentiation model. The medium CpG regions in promoters of the Dlx5, Runx2, Bglap, and Osterix osteogenic lineage-specific genes were demethylated during the increase in gene expression associated with osteogenic differentiation. The growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45A was up-regulated in these processes. Knockdown of GADD45A led to hypermethylation of Dlx5, Runx2, Bglap, and Osterix promoters, followed by suppression of the expression of these genes and interruption of osteogenic differentiation. These results reveal that GADD45A plays an essential role in gene-specific active DNA demethylation during adult stem cell differentiation. They enhance the current knowledge of osteogenic specification and may also lead to a better understanding of the common mechanisms underlying epigenetic regulation in adult stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-peng Zhang
- From the College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058 and
- the Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian-zhong Shao
- From the College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058 and
- the Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-xin Xiang
- From the College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058 and
- the Key Laboratory for Cell and Gene Engineering, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
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Kamberov YG, Kim J, Mazitschek R, Kuo WP, Whitman M. Microarray profiling reveals the integrated stress response is activated by halofuginone in mammary epithelial cells. BMC Res Notes 2011; 4:381. [PMID: 21974968 PMCID: PMC3197508 DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-4-381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/05/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The small molecule Halofuginone (HF) is a potent regulator of extracellular matrix (ECM ) gene expression and is unique in its therapeutic potential. While the basis for HF effects is unknown, inhibition of TGFβ signaling and activation of the amino acid restriction response (AAR) have been linked to HF transcriptional control of a number of ECM components and amelioration of fibrosis and alleviation of autoimmune disease by regulation of Th17 cell differentiation, respectively. The aim of this study was to generate a global expression profile of HF targets in epithelial cells to identify potential mediators of HF function in this cell type. RESULTS We report that HF modulation of the expression of the ECM remodeling protein Mmp13 in epithelial cells is separable from previously reported effects of HF on TGFβ signal inhibition, and use microarray expression analysis to correlate this with transcriptional responses characteristic of the Integrated Stress Response (ISR). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest activation of the ISR may be a common mechanism underlying HF biological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana G Kamberov
- Genetics Department, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Yuan JXJ, Garcia JG, West JB, Hales CA, Rich S, Archer SL. Genomics of Acute Lung Injury and Vascular Barrier Dysfunction. Textbook of Pulmonary Vascular Disease 2011. [PMCID: PMC7122529 DOI: 10.1007/978-0-387-87429-6_63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a devastating syndrome of diffuse alveolar damage that develops via a variety of local and systemic insults such as sepsis, trauma, pneumonia, and aspiration. It is interestingly to note that only a subset of individuals exposed to potential ALI-inciting insults develop the disorder and the severity of the disease varies from complete resolution to death. In addition, ALI susceptibility and severity are also affected by ethnicity as evidenced by the higher mortality rates observed in African-American ALI patients compared with other ethnic groups in the USA. Moreover, marked differences in strain-specific ALI responses to inflammatory and injurious agents are observed in preclinical animal models. Together, these observations strongly indicate genetic components to be involved in the pathogenesis of ALI. The identification of genes contributing to ALI would potentially provide a better understanding of ALI pathobiology, yield novel biomarkers, identify individuals or populations at risk, and prove useful for the development of novel and individualized therapies. Genome-wide searches in animal models have identified a number of quantitative trait loci that associate with ALI susceptibility. In this chapter, we utilize a systems biology approach combining cellular signaling pathway analysis with population- based association studies to review established and suspected candidate genes that contribute to dysfunction of endothelial cell barrier integrity and ALI susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason X. -J. Yuan
- Departments of Medicine, COMRB Rm. 3131 (MC 719), University of Illinois at Chicago, 909 South Wolcott Avenue, Chicago, 60612 Illinois USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- 310 Admin.Office Building (MC 672), University of Illinois at Chicago, 1737 W. Polk Street, Suite 310, Chicago, 60612 Illinois USA
| | - John B. West
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, 92093-0623 California USA
| | - Charles A. Hales
- Dept. Pulmonary & Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, 02114 Massachusetts USA
| | - Stuart Rich
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medical Center, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, 60637 Illinois USA
| | - Stephen L. Archer
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago School of Medicine, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, 60637 Illinois USA
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Sarita Rajender P, Ramasree D, Bhargavi K, Vasavi M, Uma V. Selective inhibition of proteins regulating CDK/cyclin complexes: strategy against cancer—a review. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2010; 30:206-13. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2010.488649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Sun P, Zhang Z, Wan J, Zhao N, Jin X, Xia Z. Association of genetic polymorphisms in GADD45A, MDM2, and p14 ARF with the risk of chronic benzene poisoning in a Chinese occupational population. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2009; 240:66-72. [PMID: 19596022 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2009.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Benzene reactive metabolites can lead to DNA damage and trigger the p53-dependent defense responses to maintain genomic stability. We hypothesized that the p53-dependent genes may play a role in the development of chronic benzene poisoning (CBP). In a case-control study of 303 patients with benzene poisoning and 295 workers occupationally exposed to benzene in south China, we investigated associations between the risk of CBP and polymorphisms in three p53-dependent genes. Potential interactions of these polymorphisms with lifestyle factors were also explored. We found p14(ARF) rs3731245 polymorphism was associated with risk of CBP (P=0.014). Compared with those carrying the GG genotype, individuals carrying p14(ARF) rs3731245 GA+AA genotypes had a reduced risk of CBP ([adjusted odds ratio (OR(adj))=0.57, 95%CI=0.36-0.89]. Further analysis showed p14(ARF) TGA/TAG diplotype was associated with an increased risk of CBP (P=0.0006), whereas p14(ARF) TGG/TAA diplotype was associated with a decreased risk of CBP (P=0.0000001). In addition, we found individuals carrying both MDM2 Del1518 WW genotype and p14(ARF) rs3731245 GA+AA genotypes had a lower risk of CBP (OR(adj)=0.25; 95%CI=0.10-0.62; P=0.003). Although these results require confirmation and extension, our findings suggest that genetic polymorphisms in p14(ARF) may have an impact on the risk of CBP in the study population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin Sun
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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11
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Meyer NJ, Huang Y, Singleton PA, Sammani S, Moitra J, Evenoski CL, Husain AN, Mitra S, Moreno-Vinasco L, Jacobson JR, Lussier YA, Garcia JGN. GADD45a is a novel candidate gene in inflammatory lung injury via influences on Akt signaling. FASEB J 2009; 23:1325-37. [PMID: 19124556 DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-119073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We explored the mechanistic involvement of the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene GADD45a in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and ventilator-induced inflammatory lung injury (VILI). Multiple biochemical and genomic parameters of inflammatory lung injury indicated that GADD45a(-/-) mice are modestly susceptible to intratracheal LPS-induced lung injury and profoundly susceptible to high tidal volume VILI, with increases in microvascular permeability and bronchoalveolar lavage levels of inflammatory cytokines. Expression profiling of lung tissues from VILI-challenged GADD45a(-/-) mice revealed strong dysregulation in the B-cell receptor signaling pathway compared with wild-type mice and suggested the involvement of PI3 kinase/Akt signaling components. Western blot analyses of lung homogenates confirmed approximately 50% reduction in Akt protein levels in GADD45a(-/-) mice accompanied by marked increases in Akt ubiquitination. Electrical resistance measurements across human lung endothelial cell monolayers with either reduced GADD45a or Akt expression (siRNAs) revealed significant potentiation of LPS-induced human lung endothelial barrier dysfunction, which was attenuated by overexpression of a constitutively active Akt1 transgene. These studies validate GADD45a as a novel candidate gene in inflammatory lung injury and a significant participant in vascular barrier regulation via effects on Akt-mediated endothelial signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuala J Meyer
- Department of Medicine, W604, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., W604 Chicago, IL 60637, USA
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12
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Martinez A, Hinz JM, Gómez L, Molina B, Acuña H, Jones IM, Frias S, Coleman MA. Differential expression of TP53 associated genes in Fanconi anemia cells after mitomycin C and hydroxyurea treatment. Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 2008; 656:1-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2008.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2007] [Revised: 06/13/2008] [Accepted: 06/17/2008] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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13
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Lu X, Yang C, Hill R, Yin C, Hollander MC, Fornace AJ, Van Dyke T. Inactivation of gadd45a sensitizes epithelial cancer cells to ionizing radiation in vivo resulting in prolonged survival. Cancer Res 2008; 68:3579-83. [PMID: 18483238 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-5533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) therapy is one of the most commonly used treatments for cancer patients. The responses of tumor cells to IR are often tissue specific and depend on pathway aberrations present in the tumor. Identifying molecules and mechanisms that sensitize tumor cells to IR provides new potential therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. In this study, we used two genetically engineered mouse carcinoma models, brain choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC) and prostate, to test the effect of inactivating gadd45a, a DNA damage response p53 target gene, on tumor responses to IR. We show that gadd45a deficiency significantly increases tumor cell death after radiation. Effect on survival was assessed in the CPC model and was extended in IR-treated mice with gadd45a deficiency compared with those expressing wild-type gadd45a. These studies show a significant effect of gadd45a inactivation in sensitizing tumor cells to IR, implicating gadd45a as a potential drug target in radiotherapy management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Lu
- Lineberger Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Kamp R, Sun X, Garcia JGN. Making genomics functional: deciphering the genetics of acute lung injury. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2008; 5:348-53. [PMID: 18403332 PMCID: PMC2645247 DOI: 10.1513/pats.200709-152dr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a common and frequently devastating illness characterized by acute hypoxemic respiratory failure, profound inflammation, and flooding of the alveoli. Despite recent advances in ALI care, the morbidity and mortality of ALI continues to be unacceptably high. ALI-inciting events (e.g., sepsis, trauma, aspiration, pneumonia) are quite common, yet only a fraction of patients develop the syndrome. This heterogeneity of patients presenting with ALI has sparked interest in identifying the role of genetic factors that contribute to ALI susceptibility and prognosis. Recent advances in high-throughput sequencing and expression technologies now provide the tools to perform large-scale genomic analyses in complex disorders such as ALI; gene expression profiling and pathway analysis provide further insight into previously described molecular pathways involved in the syndrome. In this article, we describe the use of genomewide association studies, ortholog in silico techniques, utility of consomic rat methods, and candidate gene approaches using expression profiling and pathway analyses. These methods have confirmed suspected ALI candidate genes (e.g., IL-6 and MIF), but more impressively have identified novel genes (e.g., GADD45alpha and PBEF) not previously suspected in ALI. The analysis of the molecular pathways (e.g., the cytoskeleton in vascular barrier regulation) has identified additional genes contributing to the development and severity of ALI (e.g., MLCK), thereby providing therapeutic targets in this devastating illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Kamp
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago. Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA
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Desjardins S, Ouellette G, Labrie Y, Simard J, Durocher F. Analysis of GADD45A sequence variations in French Canadian families with high risk of breast cancer. J Hum Genet 2008; 53:490-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s10038-008-0276-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Trachana V, van Wely KHM, Guerrero AA, Fütterer A, Martínez-A C. Dido disruption leads to centrosome amplification and mitotic checkpoint defects compromising chromosome stability. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:2691-6. [PMID: 17299043 PMCID: PMC1815243 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0611132104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerical and/or structural centrosome abnormalities have been correlated with most solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Tumorigenesis also is linked to defects in the mitotic or spindle assembly checkpoint, a key control mechanism that ensures accurate segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. We have reported that targeted disruption of the Dido gene causes a transplantable myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative disease in mice. Here, we report that Dido3, the largest splice variant of the Dido gene, is a centrosome-associated protein whose disruption leads to supernumerary centrosomes, failure to maintain cellular mitotic arrest, and early degradation of the mitotic checkpoint protein BubR1. These aberrations result in enhanced aneuploidy in the Dido mutant cells. Dido gene malfunction thus is reported to be part of an impaired signaling cascade that results in a defective mitotic checkpoint, leading to chromosome instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Trachana
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Darwin 3, Campus de Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Patterson AD, Hildesheim J, Fornace AJ, Hollander MC. Neural tube development requires the cooperation of p53- and Gadd45a-associated pathways. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 76:129-32. [PMID: 16470852 DOI: 10.1002/bdra.20217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous genetically engineered mouse models for neural tube defects (NTDs) exist, and some of the implicated proteins are functionally related. For example, the growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein Gadd45a and tumor suppressor p53 are functionally similar, and both are involved in neural tube development (Gadd45a- and Trp53-null embryos show low levels of exencephaly). To assess their roles in neural tube development, we generated double-null mice from Gadd45a- and Trp53-null mice, as well as from cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (Cdkn1a) (p21)-null and xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC)-null mice that do not show spontaneous exencephaly. METHODS Gadd45a-, Trp53-, Cdkn1a-, and XPC-null mice were crossed to generate several double-null mouse models. Embryos (embryonic day [ED] 16-18) from the single- and double-null crosses were scored for NTDs. RESULTS Deletion of both Gadd45a and Trp53 in mice increased exencephaly frequencies compared to the deletion of either single gene (34.0% in Gadd45a/Trp53-null compared to 8.4% and 9.1% in the Gadd45a- and Trp53-null embryos, respectively). Furthermore, although deletion of another p53-regulated gene, Cdkn1a, is not associated with exencephaly, in conjunction with Gadd45a deletion, the exencephaly frequencies are increased (30.5% in the Gadd45a/Cdkn1a-null embryos) and are similar to those in the Gadd45a/Trp53-null embryos. Although XPC deletion increased exencephaly frequencies in Trp53-null embryos, XPC deletion did not increase the exencephaly frequencies in Gadd45a-null embryos. CONCLUSIONS The increased genetic liability to exencephaly in the Gadd45a/Trp53- and Gadd45a/Cdkn1a-null embryos may be related to the disruption of multiple cellular pathways associated with Gadd45a and p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew D Patterson
- National Institutes of Health-George Washington University Graduate Partnerships Program in Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
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