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Zhu L, Wang Y, Pan CQ, Xing H. Gut microbiota in alcohol-related liver disease: pathophysiology and gut-brain cross talk. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258062. [PMID: 37601074 PMCID: PMC10436520 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) from excessive alcohol intake has a unique gut microbiota profile. The disease progression-free survival in ALD patients has been associated with the degree of gut dysbiosis. The vicious cycles between gut dysbiosis and the disease progression in ALD including: an increase of acetaldehyde production and bile acid secretion, impaired gut barrier, enrichment of circulating microbiota, toxicities of microbiota metabolites, a cascade of pro-inflammatory chemokines or cytokines, and augmentation in the generation of reactive oxygen species. The aforementioned pathophysiology process plays an important role in different disease stages with a spectrum of alcohol hepatitis, ALD cirrhosis, neurological dysfunction, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review aims to illustrate the pathophysiology of gut microbiota and clarify the gut-brain crosstalk in ALD, which may provide the opportunity of identifying target points for future therapeutic intervention in ALD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhu
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yixuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, BaoJi Central Hospital, Shaanxi, China
| | - Calvin Q. Pan
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, NYU Langone Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Huichun Xing
- Center of Liver Diseases Division 3, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Center of Liver Diseases, Peking University Ditan Teaching Hospital, Beijing, China
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2
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Mishra G, Singh P, Molla M, Yimer YS, Dinda SC, Chandra P, Singh BK, Dagnew SB, Assefa AN, Ewunetie A. Harnessing the potential of probiotics in the treatment of alcoholic liver disorders. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1212742. [PMID: 37361234 PMCID: PMC10287977 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1212742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the current scenario, prolonged consumption of alcohol across the globe is upsurging an appreciable number of patients with the risk of alcohol-associated liver diseases. According to the recent report, the gut-liver axis is crucial in the progression of alcohol-induced liver diseases, including steatosis, steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite several factors associated with alcoholic liver diseases, the complexity of the gut microflora and its great interaction with the liver have become a fascinating area for researchers due to the high exposure of the liver to free radicals, bacterial endotoxins, lipopolysaccharides, inflammatory markers, etc. Undoubtedly, alcohol-induced gut microbiota imbalance stimulates dysbiosis, disrupts the intestinal barrier function, and trigger immune as well as inflammatory responses which further aggravate hepatic injury. Since currently available drugs to mitigate liver disorders have significant side effects, hence, probiotics have been widely researched to alleviate alcohol-associated liver diseases and to improve liver health. A broad range of probiotic bacteria like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacteria, Escherichia coli, Sacchromyces, and Lactococcus are used to reduce or halt the progression of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Several underlying mechanisms, including alteration of the gut microbiome, modulation of intestinal barrier function and immune response, reduction in the level of endotoxins, and bacterial translocation, have been implicated through which probiotics can effectively suppress the occurrence of alcohol-induced liver disorders. This review addresses the therapeutic applications of probiotics in the treatment of alcohol-associated liver diseases. Novel insights into the mechanisms by which probiotics prevent alcohol-associated liver diseases have also been elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Garima Mishra
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Pradeep Singh
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Mulugeta Molla
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Yohannes Shumet Yimer
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | | | - Phool Chandra
- Department of Pharmacology, Teerthanker Mahaveer College of Pharmacy, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India
| | | | - Samuel Berihun Dagnew
- Clinical Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Abraham Nigussie Assefa
- Social Pharmacy Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
| | - Amien Ewunetie
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia
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Wang W, Zhao X, Ma Y, Zhang J, Xu C, Ma J, Hussain MA, Hou J, Qian S. Alleviating Effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus 1.0320 Combined with Dihydromyricetin on Acute Alcohol Exposure-Induced Hepatic Impairment: Based on Short-Chain Fatty Acids and Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase-Mediated Lipid Metabolism Signaling Pathway. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:4837-4850. [PMID: 36930948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c08523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Excessive drinking has been listed by the World Health Organization as the fifth major risk factor; especially the liver, as the core organ of alcohol metabolism, is prone to organic lesions. Probiotics have received attention due to their bioactivity for liver protection. The beneficial effects of probiotics on hosts are related to their physiological functions. Therefore, based on the concept of second-generation synbiotes, this study explored the protective effects of four dietary polyphenols on the stress tolerance, hydrophobicity, adhesion, and digestive characteristics of L. rhamnosus 1.0320. L. rhamnosus 1.0320 had the best synergistic effect with dihydromyricetin (DMY). Therefore, this combination was selected as a synbiotic supplement to explore the protective effect on acute alcohol exposure-induced hepatic impairment. The results showed that L. rhamnosus 1.0320 combined with DMY restored the intestinal barrier by upregulating short-chain fatty acid levels and activated the adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase-mediated lipid metabolism pathway to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipid accumulation in the liver. Furthermore, 109 CFU/mouse/d L. rhamnosus 1.0320 and 50 mg/kg/d DMY by gavage were identified as the optimal doses for protection against acute alcohol expose-induced hepatic impairment. This study provides new insights into alleviating acute alcoholic hepatic impairment by targeting intestinal metabolites through the gut-liver axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Cong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jiage Ma
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Muhammad Altaf Hussain
- Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Science, Uthal 90150, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Juncai Hou
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, College of Food Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Shanshan Qian
- Analysis and Testing Sharing Center of the State-Owned Asset Management Office, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Bifidobacterium animalis A12 and Lactobacillus salivarius M18-6 Alleviate Alcohol Injury by keap1-Nrf2 Pathway and Thioredoxin System. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030439. [PMID: 36765968 PMCID: PMC9914461 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Excessive drinking can significantly damage people's health and well-being. Although some lactic acid bacterial strains have been previously shown to alleviate the symptoms of alcohol injury, the mechanism underlying these effects remains unclear. The aim of this study was to establish an alcohol injury model and examine the protective effect and mechanism of B. animalis A12 and L. salivarius M18-6. The results showed that A12 freeze-dried powder could maintain the survival rate of mice with alcohol injury at 100%. Compared with Alco group, L. salivarius M18-6 dead cell improved the survival rate of mice, attenuated liver steatosis, and significantly down-regulated serum Alanine transaminase (ALT) level; at the same time, it activated keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and up-regulated Superoxide dismutase (SOD), it protects mouse liver cells from oxidative stress induced by alcohol injury. In addition, B. animalis A12 can reduce the stress response to short-term alcohol intake and improve the ability of anti-oxidative stress by upregulating the level of isobutyric acid, reducing the level of keap1 protein in the liver of mice and upregulating the expression of thioredoxin genes (Txnrd1, Txnrd3, Txn1). Taken together, the results showed that B. animalis A12 and L. salivarius M18-6 alleviate alcohol injury in mice through keap1-Nrf2 signaling pathway and thioredoxin system.
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Fermented Supernatants of Lactobacillus plantarum GKM3 and Bifidobacterium lactis GKK2 Protect against Protein Glycation and Inhibit Glycated Protein Ligation. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15020277. [PMID: 36678147 PMCID: PMC9864088 DOI: 10.3390/nu15020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
With age, protein glycation in organisms increases continuously. Evidence from many studies shows that the accumulation of glycated protein is highly correlated with biological aging and the development of aging-related diseases, so developing a dietary agent to attenuate protein glycation is very meaningful. Previous studies have indicated that lactic acid bacteria-fermented products have diverse biological activities especially in anti-aging, so this study was aimed to investigate the inhibitory effect of the fermented supernatants of Lactobacillus plantarum GKM3 (GKM3) and Bifidobacterium lactis GKK2 (GKK2) on protein glycation. The results show that GKM3- and GKK2-fermented supernatants can significantly inhibit protein glycation by capturing a glycation agent (methylglyoxal) and/or protecting functional groups in protein against methylglyoxal-induced responses. GKM3- and GKK2-fermented supernatants can also significantly inhibit the binding of glycated proteins to the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). In conclusion, lactic acid bacteria fermentation products have the potential to attenuate biological aging by inhibiting protein glycation.
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Dewanjee S, Dua TK, Paul P, Dey A, Vallamkondu J, Samanta S, Kandimalla R, De Feo V. Probiotics: Evolving as a Potential Therapeutic Option against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071498. [PMID: 35884803 PMCID: PMC9312935 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most common prescription medicine around the world for the treatment of pain and fever and is considered to be a safe drug at its therapeutic dose. However, a single overdose or frequent use of APAP can cause severe acute liver injury. APAP hepatotoxicity is a prevalent cause of acute liver disease around the world and the lack of suitable treatment makes it a serious problem. In recent years, there has been a surge in interest in using probiotics and probiotic-derived products, known as postbiotics, as health and disease negotiators. A growing body of evidence revealed that they can be equally effective against APAP hepatotoxicity. Different probiotic bacteria were found to be pre-clinically effective against APAP hepatotoxicity. Different postbiotics have also shown exciting results in preclinical models of APAP hepatotoxicity. This review summarized the protective roles and mechanisms of the different probiotic bacteria and postbiotics against APAP hepatotoxicity, with critical discussion. A brief discussion on potential novel probiotics and postbiotics for oxidative liver injury was also included. This review was written in an attempt to pique the interest of researchers in developing a safe therapeutic option against oxidative liver damage using probiotics and/or postbiotics as dietary supplements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.D.F.); Tel.: +91-33-2457-2043 (S.D.); +39-089-969-751 (V.D.F.)
| | - Tarun K. Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734013, India; (T.K.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Paramita Paul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University of North Bengal, Raja Rammohunpur 734013, India; (T.K.D.); (P.P.)
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India;
| | | | - Sonalinandini Samanta
- Department of Dermatology (Skin & Venereology), Employee’s State Insurance Corporation Medical College & Hospital, Patna 801103, India;
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal 506007, India;
- Applied Biology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Tarnaka 500007, India
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.D.); (V.D.F.); Tel.: +91-33-2457-2043 (S.D.); +39-089-969-751 (V.D.F.)
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Zhu H, Jiang W, Liu C, Wang C, Hu B, Guo Y, Cheng Y, Qian H. Ameliorative effects of chlorogenic acid on alcoholic liver injury in mice via gut microbiota informatics. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 928:175096. [PMID: 35697148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a functional phenolic acid widely used in food and medicine-related fields. It has been proved to be effective in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, the exact mechanism by which CGA prevents ALD, especially from the crosstalk between gut and liver, has not been previously reported. This work was aimed to explore the protective effects of CGA against ALD and its relationships to gut-liver axis abnormalities. Experimental results showed the increased (p < 0.05) serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels of mice fed with ethanol were ameliorated by supplementing with CGA. Moreover, CGA promoted the production of n-butyric acid by nearly 3 times (1.78 vs 0.62 nM, p < 0.01), a short-chain fatty acid that helps maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Furthermore, CGA alleviated microbial dysbiosis, evidenced by the increased relative abundances of beneficial bacteria Muribaculaceae, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, and Parabacteroides, and decreased that of opportunistic pathogens Eubacterium_nodatum, Eubacterium_ruminantium, and Anaerotruncus. Correlation analysis further elucidated the microbiota altered after CGA intervention was positively correlated with short-chain fatty acids and antioxidant indexes, while negatively correlated with inflammatory cytokines. In summary, these findings suggested the hepatoprotective effect of CGA was ascribed to the modulation of gut-liver axis homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongkang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Wenhao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Bin Hu
- School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yahui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
| | - Yuliang Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
| | - He Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China; Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GKLC1 ameliorates cisplatin-induced chronic nephrotoxicity by inhibiting cell inflammation and apoptosis. Pharmacotherapy 2022; 147:112701. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Maslennikov R, Ivashkin V, Efremova I, Poluektova E, Shirokova E. Probiotics in hepatology: An update. World J Hepatol 2021; 13:1154-1166. [PMID: 34630882 PMCID: PMC8473492 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v13.i9.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut–liver axis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various liver diseases. Probiotics are living bacteria that may be used to correct disorders of this axis. Notable progress has been made in the study of probiotic drugs for the treatment of various liver diseases in the last decade. It has been proven that probiotics are useful for hepatic encephalopathy, but their effects on other symptoms and syndromes of cirrhosis are poorly studied. Their effectiveness in the treatment of metabolic associated fatty liver disease has been shown both in experimental models and in clinical trials, but their effect on the prognosis of this disease has not been described. The beneficial effects of probiotics in alcoholic liver disease have been shown in many experimental studies, but there are very few clinical trials to support these findings. The effects of probiotics on the course of other liver diseases are either poorly studied (such as primary sclerosing cholangitis, chronic hepatitis B and C, and autoimmune hepatitis) or not studied at all (such as primary biliary cholangitis, hepatitis A and E, Wilson's disease, hemochromatosis, storage diseases, and vascular liver diseases). Thus, despite the progress in the study of probiotics in hepatology over the past decade, there are many unexplored and unclear questions surrounding this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Maslennikov
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
- Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research, Moscow 119435, Russia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Consultative and Diagnostic Center of the Moscow City Health Department, Moscow 107564, Russia
| | - Vladimir Ivashkin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
- Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Irina Efremova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Elena Poluektova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
- Scientific Community for Human Microbiome Research, Moscow 119435, Russia
| | - Elena Shirokova
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sechenov University, Moscow 119435, Russia
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Lin SW, Tsai YS, Chen YL, Wang MF, Chen CC, Lin WH, Fang TJ. Lactobacillus plantarum GKM3 Promotes Longevity, Memory Retention, and Reduces Brain Oxidation Stress in SAMP8 Mice. Nutrients 2021; 13:2860. [PMID: 34445020 PMCID: PMC8401498 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: An age-related cognitive decline is commonly affecting the life of elderly with symptoms involved in progressive impairments to memory and learning. It has been proposed that probiotics could modulate age-related neurological disorders via the gut-brain axis. (2) Methods: To investigate the anti-aging effect of probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum GKM3, both survival tests and cognitive experiments were conducted in the SAMP8 mice model. The six-month-old SAMP8 (n = 20 in each gender) were fed with probiotic GKM3 at a dosage of 5.1 × 109 and 1.0 × 109 cfu/ kg B.W./day until their natural death. Then, the life span was investigated. Three-month-old SAMP8 (n = 10 in each gender) were administered GKM3 for 14 weeks. Then, the behavior tests and oxidation parameters were recorded. (3) Results: GKM3 groups showed significantly increased latency in the passive avoidance test and time of successful avoidance in the active avoidance test. The TBARS and 8-OHdG from mice brains also showed a significant reduction in the groups treated with GKM3. In addition, lower accumulation of the amyloid-β protein was found in SAMP8 mice brains with the supplement of GKM3. (4) Conclusions: These results indicated that L. plantarum GKM3 delayed the process of aging, alleviated age-related cognitive impairment, and reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Lin
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan;
| | - You-Shan Tsai
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 325002, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Yen-Lien Chen
- Biotech Research Institute, Grape King Bio Ltd., Taoyuan 325002, Taiwan; (Y.-S.T.); (Y.-L.C.)
| | - Ming-Fu Wang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Providence University, Taichung 433303, Taiwan;
| | - Chin-Chu Chen
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan;
- Department of Food Science, Nutrition and Nutraceutical Biotechnology, Shih Chien University, Taipei 104336, Taiwan
- Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hsin Lin
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan
| | - Tony J. Fang
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402204, Taiwan;
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An Examination of Lactobacillus paracasei GKS6 and Bifidobacterium lactis GKK2 Isolated from Infant Feces in an Aged Mouse Model. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:6692363. [PMID: 33927778 PMCID: PMC8052140 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6692363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Supplementary which could maintain normal physiological mechanisms and functions while aging has drawn our attention due to the population aging in recent years. Probiotics have been believed with desirable properties such as antioxidation and anti-inflammatory for delaying the aging process. However, the age-related experiments conducted in the mammalian models with probiotics were few. In this study, we demonstrated the effects of administration of probiotics Lactobacillus paracasei GKS6 (GKS6) and Bifidobacterium lactis GKK2 (GKK2), respectively, at the dosage of 5.0 × 109 cfu/kg BW/day for fourteen weeks in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. The three-month-old SAMP8 mice were divided into three groups: control, mice fed with GKS6, and mice fed with GKK2. There were ten females and ten males in each group. The SAMP8 mice fed with probiotics GKS6 and GKK2 showed a significantly lower degree of aging followed by Takeda's grading method on the eleventh week of the experiment. The GKK2 group showed significantly increased forelimb grip strength in male SAMP8 mice and muscle fiber number in both genders. Compared to the control, both GKS6 and GKK2 presented a significant increase in liver superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. In addition, a significant decrease in the levels of liver thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances was observed in the probiotics group. These results suggested that probiotics GKS6 and GKK2 could act as antioxidants in delaying the process of aging and preventing age-related muscle loss.
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