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Stahlman G, Yanovitzky I, Kim M. Design, Application, and Actionability of US Public Health Data Dashboards: Scoping Review. J Med Internet Res 2025; 27:e65283. [PMID: 40397928 DOI: 10.2196/65283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2025] [Accepted: 03/20/2025] [Indexed: 05/23/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Data dashboards can be a powerful tool for ensuring access for public health decision makers to timely, relevant, and credible data. As their appeal and reach become ubiquitous, it is important to consider how they may be best integrated with public health data systems and the decision-making routines of users. OBJECTIVE This scoping review describes and analyzes the current state of knowledge regarding the design, application, and actionability of US national public health data dashboards to identify critical theoretical and empirical gaps in the literature and clarify definitions and operationalization of actionability as a critical property of dashboards. METHODS The review follows PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. A search was conducted for refereed journal articles, conference proceedings, and reports that describe the design, implementation, or evaluation of US national public health dashboards published between 2000 and 2023, using a validated search query across relevant databases (CINAHL, PubMed, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) and gray literature sources. Of 2544 documents retrieved, 89 (3.5%) met all inclusion criteria. An iterative process of testing and improving intercoder reliability was implemented to extract data. RESULTS The dashboards reviewed (N=89) target a broad range of public health topics but are primarily designed for epidemiological surveillance and monitoring (n=51, 57% of dashboards) and probing health disparities and social determinants of health (n=27, 30%). Thus, they are limited in their potential to guide users' policy and practice decisions. Nearly all dashboards are created, hosted, and funded by institutional entities, such as government agencies and universities, that hold influence over public health agendas and priorities. Intended users are primarily public health professionals (n=34, 38%), policy makers (n=30, 34%), and researchers or practitioners (n=28, 32%), but it is unclear whether the dashboards are tailored to users' data capacities or needs, although 30% of articles reference user-centered design. Usability indicators commonly referenced include website analytics (n=22, 25%), expert evaluation (n=19, 21%), and users' impact stories (n=14, 16%), but only 30% (n=26) of all articles report usability assessment. Usefulness is frequently inferred from presumed relevance to decision makers (n=17, 19%), anecdotal stakeholder feedback (n=16, 18%), and user engagement metrics (n=14, 16%) rather than via rigorous testing. Only 47% (n=42) of dashboards were still accessible or active at the time of review. CONCLUSIONS The findings reveal fragmentation and a lack of scientific rigor in current knowledge regarding the design, implementation, and utility of public health dashboards. Coherent theoretical accounts and direct empirical tests that link usability, usefulness, and use of these tools to users' decisions and actions are critically missing. A more complete explication and operationalization of actionability in this context has significant potential to fill this gap and advance future scholarship and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gretchen Stahlman
- School of Information, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Itzhak Yanovitzky
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Miriam Kim
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Vireque A, Stolakis V, Berteli T, Bertero M, Kofinas J. Search strategies for systematic reviews in reproductive medicine: a narrative review and practical guide. J Assist Reprod Genet 2025:10.1007/s10815-025-03498-2. [PMID: 40388051 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-025-03498-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This review article outlines the key aspects of electronic search strategies used for systematic reviews, with a particular focus on developing a search strategy for systematic reviews in reproductive medicine. Additionally, we aimed to gather information on studies assessing the quality of literature searches and address conceptualization, search terms, database selection, peer review, translation, documentation, and report of searches. This review and practical guide has been written to assist not only those with experience and knowledge in health research but also beginner teams seeking the skills to conduct systematic reviews in the field. It uses the MEDLINE database, with both PubMed and Ovid interfaces, as examples to illustrate the process of developing a search strategy. METHODS A narrative review of the literature was conducted, and a practical guide for developing search strategies was developed. RESULTS There is a significant lack of information on the quality and effectiveness of search strategies used in systematic reviews within the field of reproductive medicine, as well as on the workflow for developing these strategies. For specialized topics, searching at least three to five databases is recommended to achieve high recall. It is also advisable to follow the PRESS guidelines and to report the databases searched, the date of access, and terms used. DISCUSSION This review may serve as a foundation for future research to address these gaps. We provided a concise and practical overview of the key elements of search strategy development as a kick-off. The appendices, which include practical examples, a compilation of existing sources, guidelines, and a glossary of terms, can be useful for health professionals and researchers in creating a more advanced and reproducible literature search when planning a systematic review project.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thalita Berteli
- Kofinas Fertility Group, 65 Broadway, New York, NY, 10006, USA
| | - Maria Bertero
- Kofinas Fertility Group, 65 Broadway, New York, NY, 10006, USA
| | - Jason Kofinas
- Kofinas Fertility Group, 65 Broadway, New York, NY, 10006, USA
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Hapi J, Yang Y, Akudjedu TN. Towards defining the competencies and leadership attributes for radiographer-led management in clinical practice: A scoping review. Radiography (Lond) 2025; 31:102969. [PMID: 40381267 DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2025.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2025] [Revised: 04/12/2025] [Accepted: 04/24/2025] [Indexed: 05/20/2025]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Radiographer-led management is multifaceted and requires the optimal balance of clinical, administrative, technical, and people management duties. These duties demand a broad range of managerial and leadership competencies. However, the exploration of how to effectively apply these competencies and attributes in the context of clinical Radiography practice for senior leadership is limited. This review aims to identify and synthesise findings from existing literature on competencies, and leadership attributes essential for radiographer-led management. METHODS A literature search via EBSCOhost (MEDLINE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, Academic Search Ultimate) and key Radiography journals for relevant articles was conducted (August 2023 to January 2025). Eligible studies were screened and documented using the PRISMA-ScR framework. Data were extracted and thematically analysed using NVivo™ (v14) to identify key themes. Narrative synthesis was used to present the core competencies and leadership attributes relevant to Radiographer-led management. RESULTS The initial search identified 1905 articles. Following various levels of screening, twenty-five documents were included, comprising studies (n = 23) and policy documents (n = 2), primarily from the UK and Australia. Team collaboration and communication skills were the major competencies highlighted. Furthermore, leadership attributes, including interprofessional skills and visionary thinking, emerged as crucial for radiographer-led management. These findings centre on the need for collaboration, interdisciplinary teamwork, strategic vision, resilience, professional development and role clarity. CONCLUSION This review identified competencies and leadership attributes relevant to radiography-led management. It highlighted challenges, including resource constraints and role ambiguity, while recommending evidence-based leadership training and role alignment to support radiography managers and leaders in delivering efficient services. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Actionable guidance is required for developing tailored training and clarity of radiographer-led management roles to drive innovation that improves team performance in the delivery of better services.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hapi
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Bournemouth University, UK
| | - Y Yang
- Business School, Bournemouth University, UK
| | - T N Akudjedu
- Institute of Medical Imaging & Visualisation, Bournemouth University, UK.
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Alotaibi N, Wilson CB, Traynor M. Enhancing digital readiness and capability in healthcare: a systematic review of interventions, barriers, and facilitators. BMC Health Serv Res 2025; 25:500. [PMID: 40186200 PMCID: PMC11969766 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-025-12663-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2025] [Indexed: 04/07/2025] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The rapid integration of digital technologies in healthcare requires healthcare professionals to be digitally ready and capable. This systematic review aims to identify interventions that improve digital readiness and capability among health professionals and to understand the barriers and facilitators they encounter during this digital transformation. METHODOLOGY A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted following the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) guidelines. We searched five databases CINAHL Plus, MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The review used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) framework to investigate factors influencing technology adoption. Studies were selected based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, focusing on health professionals' digital capability in healthcare settings. Quality assessment was performed using the MMAT checklist, and data were analysed and synthesized to extract relevant themes and sub-themes. RESULTS Initially, 1140 studies were identified, with 21 meeting the inclusion criteria after screening. These studies, published between 2017 and 2023.The results were categorized into four main themes: Performance Expectancy, Effort Expectancy, Facilitating Conditions, and Social Influence, with two sub-themes. The studies indicated that technology positively impacts job performance, facilitating acceptance among healthcare professionals. Ease of use was crucial for technology acceptance, while complexity and multiple logins were significant barriers. The importance of sufficient training and organizational support was highlighted to enhance digital competency and address technical issues, with inadequate training and infrastructure being major barriers. Social influence, including motivation of healthcare workers and shared decision-making, played a significant role in technology acceptance. CONCLUSION This review highlights critical factors influencing the digital readiness and capability of healthcare professionals. Interventions enhancing performance expectancy, addressing effort expectancy, improving facilitating conditions, and leveraging social influence are essential for successful digital health adoption. Future research should develop comprehensive frameworks to overcome barriers and promote digital health readiness. Integrating specialized training into educational programs is crucial for preparing healthcare professionals to navigate the evolving digital landscape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alotaibi
- Department of Nursing Administration and Education, Collage of Nursing, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, Queen'S University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
| | | | - Marian Traynor
- Faculty of Medicine Health & Life Sciences, Queen'S University Belfast, Belfast, UK
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Rethlefsen ML, Schroter S, Bouter LM, Kirkham JJ, Moher D, Ayala AP, Blanco D, Brigham TJ, Grossetta Nardini HK, Kirtley S, Nyhan K, Townsend W, Zeegers M. Improving peer review of systematic reviews and related review types by involving librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers: a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Evid Based Med 2025:bmjebm-2024-113527. [PMID: 40074237 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2024-113527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of adding librarians and information specialists (LIS) as methodological peer reviewers to the formal journal peer review process on the quality of search reporting and risk of bias in systematic review searches in the medical literature. DESIGN Pragmatic two-group parallel randomised controlled trial. SETTING Three biomedical journals. PARTICIPANTS Systematic reviews and related evidence synthesis manuscripts submitted to The BMJ, BMJ Open and BMJ Medicine and sent out for peer review from 3 January 2023 to 1 September 2023. Randomisation (allocation ratio, 1:1) was stratified by journal and used permuted blocks (block size=4). Of 2670 manuscripts sent to peer review during study enrollment, 400 met inclusion criteria and were randomised (62 The BMJ, 334 BMJ Open, 4 BMJ Medicine). 76 manuscripts were revised and resubmitted in the intervention group and 90 in the control group by 2 January 2024. INTERVENTIONS All manuscripts followed usual journal practice for peer review, but those in the intervention group had an additional (LIS) peer reviewer invited. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcomes are the differences in first revision manuscripts between intervention and control groups in the quality of reporting and risk of bias. Quality of reporting was measured using four prespecified PRISMA-S items. Risk of bias was measured using ROBIS Domain 2. Assessments were done in duplicate and assessors were blinded to group allocation. Secondary outcomes included differences between groups for each individual PRISMA-S and ROBIS Domain 2 item. The difference in the proportion of manuscripts rejected as the first decision post-peer review between the intervention and control groups was an additional outcome. RESULTS Differences in the proportion of adequately reported searches (4.4% difference, 95% CI: -2.0% to 10.7%) and risk of bias in searches (0.5% difference, 95% CI: -13.7% to 14.6%) showed no statistically significant differences between groups. By 4 months post-study, 98 intervention and 70 control group manuscripts had been rejected after peer review (13.8% difference, 95% CI: 3.9% to 23.8%). CONCLUSIONS Inviting LIS peer reviewers did not impact adequate reporting or risk of bias of searches in first revision manuscripts of biomedical systematic reviews and related review types, though LIS peer reviewers may have contributed to a higher rate of rejection after peer review. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/W4CK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Rethlefsen
- Health Sciences Library and Informatics Center, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | - Sara Schroter
- Editorial, BMJ, London, UK
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Lex M Bouter
- Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC Location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - David Moher
- Centre of Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ana Patricia Ayala
- Gerstein Science Information Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Blanco
- Department of Physiotherapy, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tara J Brigham
- Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic in Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Shona Kirtley
- UK EQUATOR Centre, Centre for Statistics in Medicine, University of Oxford Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Oxford, UK
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Harvey Cushing/John Hay Whitney Medical Library, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Whitney Townsend
- University of Michigan Taubman Health Sciences Library, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Maurice Zeegers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Pires GN, Arnardóttir ES, Saavedra JM, Tufik S, McNicholas WT. Search filters for systematic reviews and meta-analyses in sleep medicine. Sleep Med 2025; 127:100-119. [PMID: 39832430 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 10/03/2024] [Accepted: 12/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2025]
Abstract
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are increasingly common in sleep research, although the methodological quality level has been a matter of concern. Efforts towards methodological standardization are needed to ensure the reliability of sleep-related systematic reviews. The development of search strategies is a critical step in a systematic review, which often lead to methodological biases. Standardized search filters have been used to facilitate the development of search strategies. However, such filters have not been developed for sleep medicine. The current study aimed at developing a list of PubMed search filters related to sleep medicine, including specific search strategies for different sleep disorders and sleep conditions. First, a list of sleep disorders and conditions was created for which search filters would be developed. This included most conditions listed in the International Classification of Sleep Disorders - 3rd edition. Additional search filters were developed for proposed disorders not recognized as independent clinical entities, and for other sleep-related conditions. All search strategies were designed specifically for PubMed, by combining relevant MeSH terms and free terms. Nine fully independent and unrelated MeSH terms related to sleep were identified. In total, 91 search filters were developed, related to 71 different sleep-related conditions. With the current work, we aimed to provide a list of reliable search filters organized to cover the field in a broad manner, therefore being useful for different types of systematic reviews within sleep medicine, ranging from narrow-focused meta-analyses to broader scoping reviews, mapping reviews, and meta-epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Natan Pires
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; European Sleep Research Society (ESRS), Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Erna S Arnardóttir
- Reykjavik University Sleep Institute, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; Landspitali, The National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Jose M Saavedra
- Reykjavik University Sleep Institute, Reykjavik University, Reykjavik, Iceland; Physical Activity, Physical Education, Sport and Health Research Centre, Sports Science Department, Faculty of Social Sciences, Reykjavik University, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Sergio Tufik
- Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto do sono, Associação Fundo de Incentivo à Pesquisa (AFIP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Walter T McNicholas
- School of Medicine and the Conway Research Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, St Vincent's Hospital Group, Dublin, Ireland
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Heidari F, Heboyan A, Rokaya D, Fernandes GVO, Heidari M, Banakar M, Zafar MS. Postbiotics and Dental Caries: A Systematic Review. Clin Exp Dent Res 2025; 11:e70114. [PMID: 40066530 PMCID: PMC11894266 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.70114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This systematic review aimed to evaluate the current evidence regarding the impact of postbiotics on dental caries, focusing on the effectiveness of postbiotic interventions in caries prevention, mechanisms of action, optimal dosages, and administration protocols. METHODS A literature search was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, quasi-experimental, observational, and in vitro studies. The selection followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A qualitative synthesis was performed due to heterogeneity in study designs and outcomes. RESULTS Twenty-one studies were included (18 in vitro and three randomized controlled trials). Postbiotics derived from various Lactobacillus species demonstrated inhibitory effects on Streptococcus mutans growth, biofilm formation, and virulence gene expression. Proposed mechanisms include direct antimicrobial activity, inhibition of bacterial adhesion, disruption of biofilm formation, modulation of immune responses, and pH buffering. After postbiotic interventions, human trials showed reduced salivary S. mutans counts and increased salivary pH. CONCLUSIONS Postbiotics offer a promising novel approach to dental caries prevention by targeting cariogenic bacteria and modulating the oral microbiome through multiple mechanisms. Compared to probiotics, postbiotics present additional advantages, including enhanced safety, stability, and ease of incorporation into oral care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Heidari
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryShahed UniversityTehranIran
| | - Artak Heboyan
- Department of Research AnalyticsSaveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of StomatologyYerevan State Medical University after Mkhitar HeratsiYerevanArmenia
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of DentistryTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of DentistryAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio‐Allied Health Sciences ResearchAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
| | | | - Mobina Heidari
- Student Research Committee, School of DentistryShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran
| | - Morteza Banakar
- Department of Research AnalyticsSaveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha UniversityChennaiIndia
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of HealthShiraz University of Medical SciencesShirazIran
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research InstituteTehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Clinical Sciences Department, College of DentistryAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
- Center of Medical and Bio‐Allied Health Sciences ResearchAjman UniversityAjmanUnited Arab Emirates
- School of Dentistry, University of JordanAmmanJordan
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Afraz A, Chashmyazdan M, Khajouei R, Bagherinezhad Z. Literature Searches in Medical Informatics Systematic Reviews: Suggested Approaches. Med Ref Serv Q 2025; 44:17-30. [PMID: 39563505 DOI: 10.1080/02763869.2024.2429066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2024]
Abstract
This study explores database selection for systematic reviews in medical informatics, addressing challenges researchers face in maximizing relevant article retrieval. Systematic reviews from top medical informatics journals in 2021 were analyzed, divided into randomized control trials and non-randomized control trials groups. Four databases were evaluated based on Recall, Precision, and Unique references. Findings revealed that for randomized control trials, the best combination was PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, while for the non-restricted group, recommended combination included PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus, highlighting effective literature search strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Afraz
- Medical Informatics Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Reza Khajouei
- Department of Health Information Sciences, Faculty of Management and Medical Information Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zohreh Bagherinezhad
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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LaMontagne LG, Doty JL, Diehl DC, Nesbit TS, Gage NA, Kumbkarni N, Leon SP. Acceptability, usage, and efficacy of mindfulness apps for college student mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis of RCTs. J Affect Disord 2024; 367:951-971. [PMID: 39260578 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing anxiety and depression among college students is a pressing public health need. Recent meta-analyses have examined mobile mindfulness interventions in adult populations; however, college students are in a unique developmental stage and institutional setting. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished studies in English language on the acceptability, usage, and efficacy of mindfulness training apps on mental health among non-clinical samples of college students. Out of 167 reviewed studies, 47 were included in the narrative review. Additionally, we summarized effects from 19 stress, 12 anxiety, 13 depression, and 8 emotional well-being trials (total N = 2974) using robust variance estimation meta-regression and evaluated certainty of evidence with the GRADE approach. RESULTS Apps were acceptable, with usage levels varying. They reduced stress by 0.435 standard deviation units, 95 % CI (-0.615,-0.255), and increased emotional well-being by 0.431 (0.162,0.7) approaching medium effect sizes. The apps had small effects on depression (B = -0.219 (-0.374, -0.065)) and anxiety (B = -0.218 (-0.42, -0.016)). Certainty of evidence was moderate for stress, depression, and well-being; and low-to-moderate for anxiety. Distressed participants had larger improvements in all outcomes except depression. LIMITATIONS Small sample sizes in the original studies and small numbers of studies limit the precision of our effect estimates. The small number of studies with objective usage data impedes our ability to characterize the optimal dose. CONCLUSIONS With moderate certainty of evidence, mindfulness training apps may improve student mental health with similar or larger effect sizes than in the general adult population. However, sustained usage may be a challenge, and more research is needed on the optimal implementation strategy, dose, and equity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liva G LaMontagne
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | - Jennifer L Doty
- Department of Counseling Psychology and Human Services, College of Education, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403, USA.
| | - David C Diehl
- Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, Institute for Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Tyler S Nesbit
- Department of Health Outcomes & Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
| | | | - Nayha Kumbkarni
- Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Sophia P Leon
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207, USA.
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MacDonald H, Comer C, Foster M, Labelle PR, Marsalis S, Nyhan K, Premji Z, Rogers M, Splenda R, Stansfield C, Young S. Searching for studies: A guide to information retrieval for Campbell systematic reviews. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1433. [PMID: 39258215 PMCID: PMC11386270 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/12/2024]
Abstract
This guide outlines general issues in searching for studies; describes the main sources of potential studies; and discusses how to plan the search process, design, and carry out search strategies, manage references found during the search process and document and report the search process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cozette Comer
- University Libraries, Virginia Tech Blacksburg Virginia USA
| | - Margaret Foster
- Medical Sciences Library Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | | | - Scott Marsalis
- University Libraries, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities Minneapolis Minnesota USA
| | - Kate Nyhan
- Cushing/Whitney Medical Library Yale University New Haven Connecticut USA
| | - Zahra Premji
- Advanced Research Services University of Victoria Libraries Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Morwenna Rogers
- NIHR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC) University of Exeter Medical School Exeter UK
| | - Ryan Splenda
- Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
| | - Claire Stansfield
- EPPI Centre, UCL Social Research Institute, University College London London UK
| | - Sarah Young
- Carnegie Mellon University Libraries Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA
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Young S, MacDonald H, Louden D, Ellis UM, Premji Z, Rogers M, Bethel A, Pickup D. Searching and reporting in Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews: A systematic assessment of current methods. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1432. [PMID: 39176233 PMCID: PMC11339316 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 07/08/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
The search methods used in systematic reviews provide the foundation for establishing the body of literature from which conclusions are drawn and recommendations made. Searches should aim to be comprehensive and reporting of search methods should be transparent and reproducible. Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews strive to adhere to the best methodological guidance available for this type of searching. The current work aims to provide an assessment of the conduct and reporting of searches in Campbell Collaboration systematic reviews. Our objectives were to examine how searches are currently conducted in Campbell systematic reviews, how search strategies, search methods and search reporting adhere to the Methodological Expectations of Campbell Collaboration Intervention Reviews (MECCIR) and PRISMA standards, and identify emerging or novel methods used in searching in Campbell systematic reviews. We also investigated the role of information specialists in Campbell systematic reviews. We handsearched the Campbell Systematic Reviews journal tables of contents from January 2017 to March 2024. We included all systematic reviews published since 2017. We excluded other types of evidence synthesis (e.g., evidence and gap maps), updates to systematic reviews when search methods were not changed from the original pre-2017 review, and systematic reviews that did not conduct their own original searches. We developed a data extraction form in part based on the conduct and reporting items in MECCIR and PRISMA. In addition, we extracted information about the general quality of searches based on the use of Boolean operators, keywords, database syntax and subject headings. Data extraction included information about reporting of sources searched, some aspects of search quality, the use and reporting of supplementary search methods, reporting of the search strategy, the involvement of information specialists, date of the most recent search, and citation of the Campbell search methods guidance. Items were rated as fully, partially or not conducted or reported. We cross-walked our data extraction items to the 2019 MECCIR standards and 2020 PRISMA guidelines and provide descriptive analyses of the conduct and reporting of searches in Campbell systematic reviews, indicating level of adherence to standards where applicable. We included 111 Campbell systematic reviews across all coordinating groups published since 2017 up to the search date. Almost all (98%) included reviews searched at least two relevant databases and all reported the databases searched. All reviews searched grey literature and most (82%) provided a full list of grey literature sources. Detailed information about databases such as platform and date range coverage was lacking in 16% and 77% of the reviews, respectively. In terms of search strategies, most used Boolean operators, search syntax and phrase searching correctly, but subject headings in databases with controlled vocabulary were used in only about half of the reviews. Most reviews reported at least one full database search strategy (90%), with 63% providing full search strategies for all databases. Most reviews conducted some supplementary searching, most commonly searching the references of included studies, whereas handsearching of journals and forward citation searching were less commonly reported (51% and 62%, respectively). Twenty-nine percent of reviews involved an information specialist co-author and about 45% did not mention the involvement of any information specialist. When information specialists were co-authors, there was a concomitant increase in adherence to many reporting and conduct standards and guidelines, including reporting website URLs, reporting methods for forward citation searching, using database syntax correctly and using subject headings. No longitudinal trends in adherence to conducting and reporting standards were found and the Campbell search methods guidance published in 2017 was cited in only twelve reviews. We also found a median time lag of 20 months between the most recent search and the publication date. In general, the included Campbell systematic reviews searched a wide range of bibliographic databases and grey literature, and conducted at least some supplementary searching such as searching references of included studies or contacting experts. Reporting of mandatory standards was variable with some frequently unreported (e.g., website URLs and database date ranges) and others well reported in most reviews. For example, database search strategies were reported in detail in most reviews. For grey literature, source names were well reported but search strategies were less so. The findings will be used to identify opportunities for advancing current practices in Campbell reviews through updated guidance, peer review processes and author training and support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Young
- University LibrariesCarnegie Mellon UniversityPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Diana Louden
- University of Washington Health Sciences LibraryUniversity of WashingtonSeattleWashingtonUSA
| | - Ursula M. Ellis
- Woodward LibraryUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada
| | | | - Morwenna Rogers
- NHIR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC)University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK
| | - Alison Bethel
- NHIR ARC South West Peninsula (PenARC)University of Exeter Medical SchoolExeterUK
| | - David Pickup
- Centre for the Study of Learning and PerformanceConcordia UniversityMontréalCanada
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Sattar Y, Alraies MC. Cardiovascular outcomes and coronary artery disease prevention secondary to icosapent ethyl: a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:4941-4943. [PMID: 39238993 PMCID: PMC11374301 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000002215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yasar Sattar
- Department of Cardiology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia
| | - M Chadi Alraies
- Department of Cardiology, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, USA
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Kubota K, Auxier J, Aslan F, Joronen K, Pakarinen A. Gamified Interventions for Promoting the Psychosocial Well-Being of School-Aged Children: A Scoping Review. Games Health J 2024; 13:234-244. [PMID: 38757661 DOI: 10.1089/g4h.2023.0115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Gamified health interventions can offer child-centered and tailored health-promoting strategies. Evidence suggests that its various mechanics foster engagement that can be utilized to promote health and well-being and influence health behavior. At present, psychosocial challenges among school-aged children are becoming a global predicament. We conducted a scoping review to explore the range and nature of evidence on gamified interventions for promoting the psychosocial well-being of school-aged children from the general population. We followed the Arksey and O'Malley framework and extracted sources of evidence from five databases. Our review findings were summarized with basic numerical analysis and provided with narrative accounts based on a gamification taxonomy and the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR). We identified 12 gamified interventions and included 23 records that reported their development and evaluation. Theories on emotions, behaviors, social skills, and mental health were commonly applied frameworks. Narrative was found as the most commonly used gamification mechanic (11/12, 91.7%), followed by avatar and tasks (10/12, 83.3%), feedback system and level progression (9/12, 75%), points (7/12, 58.3%), badges (5/12, 41.7%), progress bar (4/12, 33.3%), and virtual goods, reminders, and time pressure (2/12, 16.7%). The included sources of evidence reported significant improvements in some of the measured psychosocial outcomes; however, studies on this domain for this particular target group are still considerably limited. Further research is needed to determine how the applied theories and gamification mechanics brought about the change in psychosocial outcomes, bridging the gap in current evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaile Kubota
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jennifer Auxier
- University of Applied Sciences Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Funda Aslan
- Department of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey
| | - Katja Joronen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anni Pakarinen
- Department of Nursing Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
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Yusuf H, Hillman A, Stegeman JA, Cameron A, Badger S. Expanding access to veterinary clinical decision support in resource-limited settings: a scoping review of clinical decision support tools in medicine and antimicrobial stewardship. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1349188. [PMID: 38895711 PMCID: PMC11184142 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1349188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Digital clinical decision support (CDS) tools are of growing importance in supporting healthcare professionals in understanding complex clinical problems and arriving at decisions that improve patient outcomes. CDS tools are also increasingly used to improve antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) practices in healthcare settings. However, far fewer CDS tools are available in lowerand middle-income countries (LMICs) and in animal health settings, where their use in improving diagnostic and treatment decision-making is likely to have the greatest impact. The aim of this study was to evaluate digital CDS tools designed as a direct aid to support diagnosis and/or treatment decisionmaking, by reviewing their scope, functions, methodologies, and quality. Recommendations for the development of veterinary CDS tools in LMICs are then provided. Methods The review considered studies and reports published between January 2017 and October 2023 in the English language in peer-reviewed and gray literature. Results A total of 41 studies and reports detailing CDS tools were included in the final review, with 35 CDS tools designed for human healthcare settings and six tools for animal healthcare settings. Of the tools reviewed, the majority were deployed in high-income countries (80.5%). Support for AMS programs was a feature in 12 (29.3%) of the tools, with 10 tools in human healthcare settings. The capabilities of the CDS tools varied when reviewed against the GUIDES checklist. Discussion We recommend a methodological approach for the development of veterinary CDS tools in LMICs predicated on securing sufficient and sustainable funding. Employing a multidisciplinary development team is an important first step. Developing standalone CDS tools using Bayesian algorithms based on local expert knowledge will provide users with rapid and reliable access to quality guidance on diagnoses and treatments. Such tools are likely to contribute to improved disease management on farms and reduce inappropriate antimicrobial use, thus supporting AMS practices in areas of high need.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jan Arend Stegeman
- Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Yang Z, Hotterbeex P, Marent PJ, Cerin E, Thomis M, van Uffelen J. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and cognitive function among older adults: A bibliometric analysis from 2004 to 2024. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 97:102283. [PMID: 38552882 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Because of population ageing, there will be a vast increase in the prevalence of cognitive decline and dementia. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour have been identified as modifiable lifestyle behaviours associated with these cognitive conditions. Therefore, the aim of this bibliometric analysis is to reveal the knowledge structure of the field of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and cognitive function among older adults from 2004 to 2024, and to predict emerging research trends. A total of 1290 publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were applied to conduct performance analysis, science mapping, and enrichment. T. Liu-Ambrose was the most prolific author (39 publications), and the University of British Columbia was the most prolific institution (48 publications). The USA, China, and Canada were the three most productive countries with 392, 174, and 136 publications respectively. Two research trends revealed the knowledge structure of this field, including the shift from evaluating the effectiveness of interventions on cognitive function to evaluating the effectiveness of interventions on other health-related outcomes, as well as an expansion of research on the role of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in the context of healthy ageing. Sleep, sedentary behaviour, and virtual reality may be emerging research trends and may predict directions for future research. Collectively, this bibliometric analysis provides a one-step overview of the knowledge structure in this field for researchers and other stakeholders, as well as a reference for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Pauline Hotterbeex
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University Research Centre for Aging Young, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter-Jan Marent
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University Research Centre for Aging Young, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ester Cerin
- Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Martine Thomis
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jannique van Uffelen
- Physical Activity, Sports & Health Research Group, Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Hanneke R, Brunskill A. Searching for the social determinants of health: observations from evidence synthesis publications. Syst Rev 2024; 13:134. [PMID: 38755700 PMCID: PMC11097542 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-024-02551-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social determinants of health (SDOH) are the focus of an exponentially increasing number of publications, including evidence syntheses. However, there is not an established standard for searching for SDOH literature. This study seeks to identify published evidence syntheses pertaining to the SDOH, analyzing the search strategies used and the studies included within these reviews. The primary objectives are to compare search strategies and create a test set of SDOH publications. METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, and Scopus for evidence syntheses that mentioned the SDOH in their research questions and included an SDOH search strategy. Relevant data extracted from each review included databases searched; search terms used for the SDOH; conceptual frameworks referenced; and the citations of primary studies included in the reviews, which were compiled to form a test set of cited papers. The relative recall of the respective search strategies was tested by documenting the total number of MEDLINE results each retrieved and the number of test set papers retrieved. RESULTS Sixty-four evidence syntheses were identified and included in the analysis, and 2750 cited papers were extracted. Findings indicate few commonalities across search strategies in search terms used, the total number of results retrieved, and the number of test set cited papers retrieved. One hundred and ninety-three unique MeSH terms and 1385 unique keywords and phrases were noted among the various search strategies. The number of total results retrieved by the SDOH search strategies ranged from 21,793 to over 16 million. The percentage of cited papers retrieved by the search strategies ranged from 2.46 to 97.9%. Less than 3% of the cited papers were indexed with the Social Determinants of Health MeSH. CONCLUSIONS There has been little consistency across evidence syntheses in approaches to searching for SDOH literature. Differences in these strategies could have a significant impact on what literature is retrieved, included in reviews, and, consequently, incorporated into evidence-based practice. By documenting these differences and creating a set of papers relevant to SDOH, this research provides a snapshot of the current challenges in searching for SDOH content and lays the groundwork for the creation of a standardized search approach for SDOH literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Hanneke
- Library of the Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 1750 W Polk St. MC 763, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
| | - Amelia Brunskill
- Library of the Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, 1750 W Polk St. MC 763, Chicago, IL, 60612, USA
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Yanovitzky I, Stahlman G, Quow J, Ackerman M, Perry Y, Kim M. National Public Health Dashboards: Protocol for a Scoping Review. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e52843. [PMID: 38753428 PMCID: PMC11140273 DOI: 10.2196/52843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of robust public health data systems and the potential utility of data dashboards for ensuring access to critical public health data for diverse groups of stakeholders and decision makers. As dashboards are becoming ubiquitous, it is imperative to consider how they may be best integrated with public health data systems and the decision-making routines of diverse audiences. However, additional progress on the continued development, improvement, and sustainability of these tools requires the integration and synthesis of a largely fragmented scholarship regarding the purpose, design principles and features, successful implementation, and decision-making supports provided by effective public health data dashboards across diverse users and applications. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to provide a descriptive and thematic overview of national public health data dashboards including their purpose, intended audiences, health topics, design elements, impact, and underlying mechanisms of use and usefulness of these tools in decision-making processes. It seeks to identify gaps in the current literature on the topic and provide the first-of-its-kind systematic treatment of actionability as a critical design element of public health data dashboards. METHODS The scoping review follows the PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. The review considers English-language, peer-reviewed journal papers, conference proceedings, book chapters, and reports that describe the design, implementation, and evaluation of a public health dashboard published between 2000 and 2023. The search strategy covers scholarly databases (CINAHL, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science) and gray literature sources and uses snowballing techniques. An iterative process of testing for and improving intercoder reliability was implemented to ensure that coders are properly trained to screen documents according to the inclusion criteria prior to beginning the full review of relevant papers. RESULTS The search process initially identified 2544 documents, including papers located via databases, gray literature searching, and snowballing. Following the removal of duplicate documents (n=1416), nonrelevant items (n=839), and items classified as literature reviews and background information (n=73), 216 documents met the inclusion criteria: US case studies (n=90) and non-US case studies (n=126). Data extraction will focus on key variables, including public health data characteristics; dashboard design elements and functionalities; intended users, usability, logistics, and operation; and indicators of usefulness and impact reported. CONCLUSIONS The scoping review will analyze the goals, design, use, usefulness, and impact of public health data dashboards. The review will also inform the continued development and improvement of these tools by analyzing and synthesizing current practices and lessons emerging from the literature on the topic and proposing a theory-grounded and evidence-informed framework for designing, implementing, and evaluating public health data dashboards. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/52843.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzhak Yanovitzky
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Gretchen Stahlman
- School of Information, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States
| | - Justine Quow
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Matthew Ackerman
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Yehuda Perry
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Miriam Kim
- School of Communication & Information, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Corkery-Hayward M, Talaei M. Teleintervention's effects on breastfeeding in low-income women in high income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Breastfeed J 2024; 19:26. [PMID: 38615079 PMCID: PMC11015560 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-024-00631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many mothers in high-income countries (HIC) do not breastfeed to the World Health Organisation's recommendation of two years. This is particularly true for low-income women (LIW). They often face additional socio-structural barriers that encourage early discontinuation and are inadequately supported by current healthcare interventions. Teleinterventions are flexible and widely used following the global pandemic and increase maternal autonomy over intervention delivery. They show promise in improving other maternal conditions in LIW, including postpartum depression. Teleinterventions can increase breastfeeding rates in the wider maternal population, however their efficacy for this underserved population has not yet been systematically assessed. This meta-analysis aimed to identify if teleinterventions increase 'exclusive' or 'any' breastfeeding by LIW in HIC at 1-, 3-4, and 6-months postpartum. METHODS We searched five online databases for randomised controlled trials assessing breastfeeding teleinterventions for LIW in HIC. Risk ratios (RR) were used to calculate the average effect of teleinterventions on 'any' and 'exclusive' breastfeeding at at 1-, 3-4, and 6-months postpartum using random effects meta-analysis. Study bias was assessed using the Revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomised trials (RoB2), and outcome quality was evaluated against GRADE criteria. RESULTS Nine studies met inclusion criteria: six providing telephone calls, two text messages and one an online support group. All the studies were conducted in the United States, with small sample sizes and a high risk of bias. Pooled results indicate teleinterventions modestly increase 'any' and 'exclusive' breastfeeding at all time points, with a statistically significant increase in 'exclusive' breastfeeding after 3-4 months (RR 1.12, 95% CI [1.00,1.25]). At 3-4 months teleinterventions providing peer support were more effective than educational teleinterventions at promoting any and exclusive breastfeeding. Evidence for all outcomes were rated 'low' or 'very low' quality using the GRADE tool, mainly due to high attrition and low power. CONCLUSIONS Despite insufficient high-quality research into breastfeeding teleinterventions for LIW, our results suggest teleinterventions may improve exclusive and any breastfeeding. Given breastfeeding is particularly low in LIW population from HIC, our findings are promising and require further exploration by larger, methodologically sound trials in other HIC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Corkery-Hayward
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
- Barts and The London Medical School, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 2AD, UK.
| | - Mohammad Talaei
- Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Henshaw B, Bradshaw R, Geyer AC. Inclusion of librarians and information professionals in Canadian knowledge synthesis grant funding. JOURNAL OF THE CANADIAN HEALTH LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION 2024; 45:3-15. [PMID: 38737780 PMCID: PMC11081121 DOI: 10.29173/jchla29701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Librarians continually advocate for the expertise they can bring to knowledge synthesis research projects. Professional associations like the Canadian Health Libraries Association aim to promote librarians and information professionals as partners in health research. This push for representation must happen at a policy level to enact change. To that purpose, we explored the degree to which the inclusion of librarians and information professionals is represented at the funding level by healthcare research organizations in Canada. Methods We used a list of health research funding agencies generated from Scopus searches and an independent search of Canadian health research institutions, governmental health authorities, professional associations, and research-oriented universities to identify research grants designed for knowledge synthesis research. We examined these grants to determine whether they require or specifically mention librarians in their eligibility criteria. Results Of the 14 knowledge synthesis grants we identified, only one required a health librarian as a member of the research team in the grant eligibility criteria. Four grants "strongly recommended" the inclusion of librarians on the research team, though this inclusion was not a contingency for funding. Discussion Most knowledge synthesis grants in Canada do not require, recommend, or mention librarians as members of the research or authorship team. Evidence suggests that librarian involvement substantially improves the quality of knowledge synthesis research projects; it would therefore benefit both librarians and knowledge synthesis work to advocate for librarian involvement as a contingency for grant funding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna Henshaw
- Reference and Instruction Librarian, Douglas College, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Reference Librarian, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Liaison Librarian, University of British Columbia. Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | | | - Aubrey C. Geyer
- Reference and Instruction Librarian, Douglas College, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Rehabilitation Sciences Reference Librarian, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Liaison Librarian, University of British Columbia. Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Mascheretti S, Lampis V, Andreola C, Lecce S, Dionne G. Continuity and change of genetic and environmental influences on reading and reading-related neurocognitive skills: A systematic review of longitudinal twin studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 159:105576. [PMID: 38331130 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Learning to read is a dynamic and cumulative process beginning from birth and continuing through the school years. Empirical data showed a decrease of additive genetic (A) and shared environmental (C) components and an increase of non-shared environmental (E) components from preschool to middle school. However, our understanding of the aetiology of continuity and change of reading skills across this developmental period is limited. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed the results of behavioral genetic research on reading-related neurocognitive skills of 13 longitudinal twin and adoptive sibling studies spanning from preschool/kindergarten to middle/high school. Our findings suggested that continuity was mainly explained by A components throughout the study periods, and, although to a lesser extent and less consistently, by C components during the early years; change was explained by new E components throughout the years, and also by new A components in the early years. As we are interested in models relevant to traits with early onset during development, it is crucial to deepen the investigation of how developmental time can moderate the genetic and environmental variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mascheretti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via don Luigi Monza 20, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy.
| | - Valentina Lampis
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy; Child Psychopathology Unit, Scientific Institute IRCCS Eugenio Medea, via don Luigi Monza 20, 23842 Bosisio Parini, Italy
| | - Chiara Andreola
- Université de Paris, Laboratoire de Psychologie de Développement et de l'Éducation de l'Enfant (LaPsyDÉ), 46 rue Saint Jacques, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Serena Lecce
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Ginette Dionne
- École de Psychologie, Université Laval, Pavillon Félix-Antoine-Savard, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada.
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Pawliuk C, Cheng S, Zheng A, Siden HH. Librarian involvement in systematic reviews was associated with higher quality of reported search methods: a cross-sectional survey. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 166:111237. [PMID: 38072177 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.111237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Systematic reviews (SRs) are considered the gold standard of evidence, but many published SRs are of poor quality. This study identifies how librarian involvement in SRs is associated with quality-reported methods and examines the lack of motivation for involving a librarian in SRs. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING We searched databases for SRs that were published by a first or last author affiliated to a Vancouver hospital or biomedical research site and published between 2015 and 2019. Corresponding authors of included SRs were contacted through an e-mail survey to determine if a librarian was involved in the SR. If a librarian was involved in the SR, the survey asked at what level the librarian was involved and if a librarian was not involved, the survey asked why. Quality of reported search methods was scored independently by two reviewers. A linear regression model was used to determine the association between quality of reported search methods scores and the level at which a librarian was involved in the study. RESULTS One hundred ninety one SRs were included in this study and 118 (62%) of the SRs authors indicated whether a librarian was involved in the SR. SRs that included a librarian as a co-author had a 15.4% higher quality assessment score than SRs that did not include a librarian. Most authors (27; 75%) who did not include a librarian in their SR did not do so because they did not believe it was necessary. CONCLUSION Higher level of librarian involvement in SRs is correlated with higher scores in reported search methods. Greater advocacy or changes at the policy level is necessary to increase librarian involvement in SRs and as a result the quality of their search methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Pawliuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Shannon Cheng
- Library Services, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Alex Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Harold Hal Siden
- Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; BC Children's Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Canuck Place Children's Hospice, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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22
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Rethlefsen ML, Brigham TJ, Price C, Moher D, Bouter LM, Kirkham JJ, Schroter S, Zeegers MP. Systematic review search strategies are poorly reported and not reproducible: a cross-sectional metaresearch study. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 166:111229. [PMID: 38052277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2023.111229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the reproducibility of biomedical systematic review search strategies. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING A cross-sectional reproducibility study was conducted on a random sample of 100 systematic reviews indexed in MEDLINE in November 2021. The primary outcome measure is the percentage of systematic reviews for which all database searches can be reproduced, operationalized as fulfilling six key Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses literature search extension (PRISMA-S) reporting guideline items and having all database searches reproduced within 10% of the number of original results. Key reporting guideline items included database name, multi-database searching, full search strategies, limits and restrictions, date(s) of searches, and total records. RESULTS The 100 systematic review articles contained 453 database searches. Only 22 (4.9%) database searches reported all six PRISMA-S items. Forty-seven (10.4%) database searches could be reproduced within 10% of the number of results from the original search; six searches differed by more than 1,000% between the originally reported number of results and the reproduction. Only one systematic review article provided the necessary search details to be fully reproducible. CONCLUSION Systematic review search reporting is poor. To correct this will require a multifaceted response from authors, peer reviewers, journal editors, and database providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa L Rethlefsen
- Health Sciences Library & Informatics Center, University of New Mexico, MSC 09 5100, 1 University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131-0001, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Tara J Brigham
- Library Services-Florida, Mayo Clinic Libraries, Mayo Clinic, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Carrie Price
- Albert S. Cook Library, Towson University, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252, USA
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital, General Campus, Centre for Practice Changing Research Building, 501 Smyth Road, PO BOX 201B, Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada
| | - Lex M Bouter
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1089a, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Department of Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jamie J Kirkham
- Centre for Biostatistics, The University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Sara Schroter
- BMJ, BMA House, Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9JR, UK; Faculty of Public Health & Policy, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London WC1E 7HT, UK
| | - Maurice P Zeegers
- Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands; MBP Holding, Heerlen, The Netherlands
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23
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Shaheen N, Shaheen A, Ramadan A, Hefnawy MT, Ramadan A, Ibrahim IA, Hassanein ME, Ashour ME, Flouty O. Appraising systematic reviews: a comprehensive guide to ensuring validity and reliability. Front Res Metr Anal 2023; 8:1268045. [PMID: 38179256 PMCID: PMC10764628 DOI: 10.3389/frma.2023.1268045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Systematic reviews play a crucial role in evidence-based practices as they consolidate research findings to inform decision-making. However, it is essential to assess the quality of systematic reviews to prevent biased or inaccurate conclusions. This paper underscores the importance of adhering to recognized guidelines, such as the PRISMA statement and Cochrane Handbook. These recommendations advocate for systematic approaches and emphasize the documentation of critical components, including the search strategy and study selection. A thorough evaluation of methodologies, research quality, and overall evidence strength is essential during the appraisal process. Identifying potential sources of bias and review limitations, such as selective reporting or trial heterogeneity, is facilitated by tools like the Cochrane Risk of Bias and the AMSTAR 2 checklist. The assessment of included studies emphasizes formulating clear research questions and employing appropriate search strategies to construct robust reviews. Relevance and bias reduction are ensured through meticulous selection of inclusion and exclusion criteria. Accurate data synthesis, including appropriate data extraction and analysis, is necessary for drawing reliable conclusions. Meta-analysis, a statistical method for aggregating trial findings, improves the precision of treatment impact estimates. Systematic reviews should consider crucial factors such as addressing biases, disclosing conflicts of interest, and acknowledging review and methodological limitations. This paper aims to enhance the reliability of systematic reviews, ultimately improving decision-making in healthcare, public policy, and other domains. It provides academics, practitioners, and policymakers with a comprehensive understanding of the evaluation process, empowering them to make well-informed decisions based on robust data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nour Shaheen
- Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Shaheen
- Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ramadan
- Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Tarek Hefnawy
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Ismail A. Ibrahim
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Fenerbahce University, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Maged Elsayed Hassanein
- Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Ashour
- Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Oliver Flouty
- Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, United States
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24
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Akter S, Hulugalle NR, Jasonsmith J, Strong CL. Changes in soil microbial communities after exposure to neonicotinoids: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2023; 15:431-444. [PMID: 37574328 PMCID: PMC10667664 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids are a group of nicotine-related chemicals widely used as insecticides in agriculture. Several studies have shown measurable quantities of neonicotinoids in the environment but little is known regarding their impact on soil microbial populations. The purpose of this systematic review was to clarify the effects of neonicotinoids on soil microbiology and to highlight any knowledge gaps. A formal systematic review was performed following PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) guidelines using keywords in PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science. This resulted in 29 peer-reviewed articles, whose findings diverged widely because of variable methodologies. Field-based studies were few (28%). Imidacloprid was the most widely used (66%) and soil microbial communities were most sensitive to it. Spray formulations were used in 83% of the studies and seed treatments in the rest. Diversity indices were the most frequently reported soil microbial parameter (62%). About 45% of the studies found that neonicotinoids had adverse impacts on soil microbial community structure, composition, diversity, functioning, enzymatic activity and nitrogen transformation. Interactions with soil physicochemical properties were poorly addressed in all studies. The need for more research, particularly field-based research on the effects of neonicotinoids on soil microorganisms was highlighted by this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharmin Akter
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, College of ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
- Soil Resource Development InstituteMinistry of AgricultureDhakaBangladesh
| | - Nilantha R. Hulugalle
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, College of ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Julia Jasonsmith
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, College of ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Craig L. Strong
- Fenner School of Environment and Society, College of ScienceAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
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25
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Parkinson M, Ryan C, Avery L, Hand A, Ramaswamy B, Jones J, Lindop F, Silverdale M, Baker K, Naisby J. What is available to support pain management in Parkinson's: a scoping review protocol. Int J Equity Health 2023; 22:244. [PMID: 37993895 PMCID: PMC10666362 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-023-02046-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A scoping review will be undertaken to examine and map the available evidence that has been produced in relation to pain management in Parkinson's, with a focus on behavioural interventions, resources and/or how professionals support people with Parkinson's self-management of pain. METHODS This review will be based on the methodological framework given by Arksey and O'Malley's (2005), including enhancements by Levac et al., Peters et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute. We will include studies from PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, MEDLINE Web of Science, APA PsycINFO and ASSIA from January, 2010 onwards. Both quantitative and qualitative data will be analysed separately to identify the characteristics of support for pain management available, orientation of the approach and any identifiable behaviour change components and their outcomes. The COM-B behaviour change model and Theoretical Domains Framework will provide a theoretical framework for synthesising evidence in this review. CONCLUSION This scoping review will help to explore studies focusing on the evidence supporting a range of interventions relating to the management of pain experienced by people living with Parkinson's. The focus will be on describing what is available to support self-management, identify what behaviour change components have been used and their effectiveness, identify barriers and enablers to pain management and explore gaps in current provision of pain management. This review will identify implications and priorities for the follow-up phases to the larger 'Pain in Parkinson's' Project which is designed to support clinicians and individuals living with Parkinson's.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Parkinson
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Department of Sport, Northumbria University, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Coach Lane Campus, Coach Lane, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK.
| | - Cormac Ryan
- Teesside University, Centre for Rehabilitation, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, UK
| | - Leah Avery
- Teesside University, Centre for Rehabilitation, Middlesbrough, Tees Valley, UK
| | - Annette Hand
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Department: Nursing, Northumbria University, Midwifery & Health, Coach Lane Campus, Coach Lane, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
- Newcastle Upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Julie Jones
- Robert Gordon University, School of Health Sciences, Garthdee Road, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Fiona Lindop
- University Hospitals of Derby & Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, UK
| | - Monty Silverdale
- Department of Neurology, Manchester University, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK
| | - Katherine Baker
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Department of Sport, Northumbria University, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Coach Lane Campus, Coach Lane, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Jenni Naisby
- Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, Department of Sport, Northumbria University, Exercise & Rehabilitation, Coach Lane Campus, Coach Lane, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, UK
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26
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Klerings I, Robalino S, Booth A, Escobar-Liquitay CM, Sommer I, Gartlehner G, Devane D, Waffenschmidt S. Rapid reviews methods series: Guidance on literature search. BMJ Evid Based Med 2023; 28:412-417. [PMID: 37076268 PMCID: PMC10715472 DOI: 10.1136/bmjebm-2022-112079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
This paper is part of a series of methodological guidance from the Cochrane Rapid Reviews Methods Group. Rapid reviews (RR) use modified systematic review methods to accelerate the review process while maintaining systematic, transparent and reproducible methods. In this paper, we address considerations for RR searches. We cover the main areas relevant to the search process: preparation and planning, information sources and search methods, search strategy development, quality assurance, reporting, and record management. Two options exist for abbreviating the search process: (1) reducing time spent on conducting searches and (2) reducing the size of the search result. Because screening search results is usually more resource-intensive than conducting the search, we suggest investing time upfront in planning and optimising the search to save time by reducing the literature screening workload. To achieve this goal, RR teams should work with an information specialist. They should select a small number of relevant information sources (eg, databases) and use search methods that are highly likely to identify relevant literature for their topic. Database search strategies should aim to optimise both precision and sensitivity, and quality assurance measures (peer review and validation of search strategies) should be applied to minimise errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irma Klerings
- Department for Evidence-Based Medicine and Evaluation, University of Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems, Niederösterreich, Austria
| | - Shannon Robalino
- Center for Evidence-based Policy, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Andrew Booth
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Camila Micaela Escobar-Liquitay
- Research Department, Associate Cochrane Centre, Instituto Universitario Escuela de Medicina del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Isolde Sommer
- Department for Evidence-Based Medicine and Evaluation, University of Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems, Niederösterreich, Austria
| | - Gerald Gartlehner
- Department for Evidence-Based Medicine and Evaluation, University of Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems, Niederösterreich, Austria
- RTI-UNC Evidence-based Practice Center, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Declan Devane
- School of Nursing & Midwifery, HRB TMRN, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Evidence Synthesis Ireland & Cochrane Ireland, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Siw Waffenschmidt
- Information Management Department, Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Healthcare, Cologne, Germany
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Manewell SM, Rao P, Haneman K, Zheng M, Charaf H, Menz HB, Sherrington C, Paul SS. Prevention and management of foot and lower limb health complications in adults undergoing dialysis: a scoping review. J Foot Ankle Res 2023; 16:81. [PMID: 37986004 PMCID: PMC10659051 DOI: 10.1186/s13047-023-00679-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Foot and lower limb health complications are common among patients undergoing dialysis; but a summary of prevention and management evidence is not available. The aim of this scoping review was to summarise study characteristics and the nature of results regarding strategies to prevent and manage peripheral arterial disease (PAD), foot ulceration, amputation, associated infection and associated hospital admission in adults undergoing dialysis. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL and AMED databases were searched for longitudinal experimental and observational studies. Eligible studies included adults undergoing dialysis (≥10 dialysis patients, with separate results or ≥ 75% of the cohort). Any interventions relating to PAD, foot ulceration, amputation, associated infection, and associated hospital admission were included. RESULTS The review included 212 studies, of which 199 were observational (94%) and 13 were experimental (6%). Sixteen studies (8%) addressed the prevention of foot and lower limb health complications, 43 (20%) addressed management, and 153 (72%) addressed both. The main intervention type in each study was surgery (n = 159, 75%), care from one or more health professionals (n = 13, 6%), screening by a health professional (n = 10, 5%), medication (n = 9, 4%) and rehabilitation (n = 5, 2%). No studies were identified where exercise, offloading or education were the main intervention. Results for PAD were reported in 137 (65%) studies, foot ulceration in 54 (25%), amputation in 171 (81%), infection in 7 (3%), and admission in 26 studies (12%). Results for more than one foot or lower limb outcome were reported in 141 studies (67%), with each study reporting on average two outcomes. Results varied and spanned positive, negative, and neutral outcomes following intervention. CONCLUSIONS Identified studies frequently aimed to both prevent and manage foot and lower limb health complications. A variety of interventions were identified and studies often reported results for more than one foot or lower limb health outcome. Findings from this review can be used to guide future research, with a goal to support improved patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Manewell
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Camperdown, Australia.
- Podiatry Department, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Camperdown, Australia.
| | - Purnima Rao
- Podiatry Department, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Keren Haneman
- Podiatry Department, Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Minjia Zheng
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Hady Charaf
- Faculty of Podiatric Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Western Sydney University, NSW, Campbelltown, Australia
| | - Hylton B Menz
- School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Cathie Sherrington
- Institute for Musculoskeletal Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney/Sydney Local Health District, NSW, Camperdown, Australia
| | - Serene S Paul
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, Camperdown, Australia
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Roheel A, Khan A, Anwar F, Akbar Z, Akhtar MF, Imran Khan M, Sohail MF, Ahmad R. Global epidemiology of breast cancer based on risk factors: a systematic review. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1240098. [PMID: 37886170 PMCID: PMC10598331 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1240098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous reviews of the epidemiology and risk factors for breast cancer have been published previously which heighted different directions of breast cancer. AIM The present review examined the likelihood that incidence, prevalence, and particular risk factors might vary by geographic region and possibly by food and cultural practices as well. METHODS A systematic review (2017-2022) was conducted following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, reporting on epidemiological and risk factor reports from different world regions. Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) terms: "Breast neoplasm" "AND" country terms such as "Pakistan/epidemiology", "India/epidemiology", "North America/epidemiology", "South Africa/epidemiology" were used to retrieve 2068 articles from PubMed. After applying inclusion and exclusion terms, 49 papers were selected for systematic review. RESULTS Results of selected articles were summarized based on risk factors, world regions and study type. Risk factors were classified into five categories: demographic, genetic and lifestyle risk factors varied among countries. This review article covers a variety of topics, including regions, main findings, and associated risk factors such as genetic factors, and lifestyle. Several studies revealed that lifestyle choices including diet and exercise could affect a person's chance of developing breast cancer. Breast cancer risk has also been linked to genetic variables, including DNA repair gene polymorphisms and mutations in the breast cancer gene (BRCA). It has been found that most of the genetic variability links to the population of Asia while the cause of breast cancer due to lifestyle modifications has been found in American and British people, indicating that demographic, genetic, and, lifestyle risk factors varied among countries. CONCLUSION There are many risk factors for breast cancer, which vary in their importance depending on the world region. However, further investigation is required to better comprehend the particular causes of breast cancer in these areas as well as to create efficient prevention and treatment plans that cater to the local population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Roheel
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Aslam Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fareeha Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zunaira Akbar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad Farhan Sohail
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Lahore, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ahmad
- Department of Natural Products, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Andulrahman Bin Faisal University, Rakah, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
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29
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Costa MM, Cardo M, Ruano Z, Alho AM, Dinis-Teixeira J, Aguiar P, Leite A. Effectiveness of antimicrobial interventions directed at tackling antimicrobial resistance in animal production: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Vet Med 2023; 218:106002. [PMID: 37639825 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.106002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the last decades, a more prudent and rational use of antimicrobials has been progressively directed towards animal production to reduce antimicrobial selective pressure and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in microorganisms and safeguard the antimicrobial efficacy of treatments in human medicine. This systematic review evaluated the effectiveness of interventions that have been applied to reduce or improve veterinary antimicrobial usage and aimed at decreasing resistant bacteria in chicken broiler and pig production contexts. METHODS Original articles were identified by searching PubMed™, Scopus™, The Cochrane Library™, and Web of Science™, and grey literature by searching DANS EASY™, WorldCat™ and RCAAP™. Inclusion criteria included: chicken broiler or pig populations (predestined for meat production), interventions intended to reduce/improve antimicrobial use, comparator with standard or no use of antimicrobials, outcomes related to prevalence of resistant bacteria, farm level studies, original data, and analytical observational studies. Data was extracted from eligible studies and meta-analysis using random or fixed effects models was conducted for combinations including type of intervention, bacterial species, production type and animal populations. Models were selected according to heterogeneity between studies. The effectiveness of interventions was assessed using pooled odds ratio of resistance to antimicrobial substances/classes by bacteria for associations between animal populations with and without intervention. RESULTS A total of 46 studies were eligible for review. For chicken broilers, most interventions were identified as antimicrobial restrictions on all non-therapeutic use (46%), complete restriction (27%), and prohibition on antimicrobials used for growth promotion (23%). As for pig populations, restrictions were mainly observed on all non-therapeutic use (37%), complete restriction (37%) and group treatments (22%). For meta-analysis, 21 studies were pooled after assessment of existing combinations. These combinations demonstrated a protective effect for most antimicrobial classes in Escherichia coli, Campylobacter and Enterococcus isolates from samples of chicken broilers as well in Escherichia coli and Campylobacter spp. from samples of pigs, compared to animals raised under conventional production or without intervention. Increased odds of resistance were only observed for cephalosporins in E. coli and broilers raised without antimicrobials, and to fluoroquinolones and quinolones in Campylobacter and pigs raised without antimicrobials, compared to conventional production. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicates that organic production, antimicrobial-free farms, and group treatment restrictions are recommended for AMR reduction, providing information that may support decision-making to tackle AMR and better reporting to improve comparability of results between studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Mendes Costa
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Miguel Cardo
- CIISA-Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Zita Ruano
- Veterinary and Animal Research Centre (CECAV), Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Alho
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Public Health Unit USP Francisco George, ACES Lisboa Norte, Largo Professor Arnaldo Sampaio, 1549-010 Lisboa, Portugal; Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - José Dinis-Teixeira
- NOVA National School of Public Health, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Public Health Unit of Sintra, Lisbon and Tagus Valley Regional Health Administration, Lisbon, Portugal; WHO Collaborating Centre for Education, Research and Evaluation of Safety and Quality in Healthcare, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Pedro Aguiar
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Leite
- NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Center, Comprehensive Health Research Center, CHRC, NOVA University Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Epidemiology, National Health Institute Doctor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal
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30
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Noeding Fischer CHRM, Bocanegra Román NFA, Nieto-Gutierrez W. An appraisal of the methodology and quality of evidence of systematic reviews on the efficacy of prone positional ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome: an umbrella review. Intern Emerg Med 2023; 18:691-709. [PMID: 36585553 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-022-03174-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to evaluate all available systematic reviews on the use of prone positional ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An umbrella review on the efficacy of prone positional ventilation in adult patients ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome was conducted. We performed a systematic search in the database of Medline (Pubmed), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Epistemonikos. The ROBIS tools and GRADE methodology were used to assess the risk of bias and certainty of evidence. We estimated the necessary number of patients to be treated to have benefit. For the synthesis of the result, we selected the review with the lowest risk of bias. Sixteen systematic reviews including 64 randomized clinical trials and evaluating the effect of prone positional ventilation, with or without other ventilation strategies were included. Aoyama 2019 observed prone positioning, without complementary ventilation strategies, leading to a reduction in the 28-day mortality only when compared to high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (RR 0.61; 95% CI 0.39-0.95) and lung-protective ventilation in the supine position (RR 0.69; 95% CI 0.48-0.98), with an ARR of 9.32% and 14.94%, an NNTB of 5.89 and 8.04, and a low and moderate certainty of evidence, respectively. Most reviews had severe methodological flaws that led to results with very low certainty of evidence. The review with the lowest risk of bias presented results in favor of prone positional ventilation compared with high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and lung-protective ventilation. There is a need to update the available reviews to obtain more accurate results.
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31
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Cresham Fox S, Taylor N, Marufu TC, Hendron E, Manning JC. Paediatric family activated rapid response interventions; qualitative systematic review. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2023; 75:103363. [PMID: 36473743 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2022.103363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure to recognise deterioration early which results in patient death, is considered failure to rescue and it is identified as one of the leading causes of harm to patients. It is recognised that patients and their families can often recognise changes within the child's condition before healthcare professionals. To mitigate the risk of failure to rescue and promote early intervention, family-activated rapid response systems are becoming widely acknowledged and accepted as part of family integrated care. OBJECTIVE To identify current family-activated rapid response interventions in hospitalised paediatric patients and understand mechanisms by which family activation works. METHODS A narrative systematic review of published studies was conducted. Seven online databases; AMED, CINHAL, EMBASE, EMCARE, HMIC, JBI, and Medline were searched for potentially relevant papers. The critical appraisal skills programme tool was used to assess methodological rigor and validity of included studies. RESULTS Six studies met the predefined inclusion criteria. Five telephone family activation interventions were identified; Call for Help, medical emergency-teams, Condition HELP, rapid response teams, and family initiated rapid response. Principles underpinning all interventions were founded on a principal of granting families access to a process to escalate concerns to hospital emergency teams. Identified interventions outcomes and mechanisms include; patient safety, empowerment of families, partnership working/ family centred care, effective communication and better patient outcomes. Interventions lacked multi-lingual options. CONCLUSION Family activation rapid response system are fundamental to family integrated care and enhancing patient safety. Underlying principles and concepts in delivering interventions are transferable across global healthcare system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Cresham Fox
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Taylor
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Takawira C Marufu
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Children and Young People Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
| | - Elizabeth Hendron
- Library Services, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City Campus, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Joseph C Manning
- Nottingham Children's Hospital, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom; Centre for Children and Young People Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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Briscoe S. Errors to avoid when searching for studies for systematic reviews: A guide for nurse researchers. Int J Older People Nurs 2023; 18:e12533. [PMID: 36945201 DOI: 10.1111/opn.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Systematic reviews aim to provide reliable answers to research questions by identifying and synthesising the available evidence using rigorous methods. This makes systematic reviews a cornerstone of evidence-based practice in healthcare settings. However, despite the avowed aim and importance of systematic reviews, studies have shown that they often include serious flaws, including in the search for studies. In this article, some commonly seen errors in systematic review search strategies are described with the intention of alerting nurse researchers who are planning a systematic review to what should be avoided. These include errors relating to bibliographic databases and supplementary searches, including database selection, free-text searching, controlled vocabulary and structural errors. The paper is framed within the context of older people nursing but has relevance to nurse researchers more widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Briscoe
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Hughes GK, Garrett EP, Staggs JD, Reddy AK, Wiebe JE, Vassar M. Trial Registry Searches In Plastic Surgery Systematic Reviews: A Meta-epidemiological Study. J Surg Res 2023; 288:21-27. [PMID: 36948029 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2023.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical trial registry searches for unpublished clinical trial data are a means of mitigating publication bias within systematic reviews (SRs). The purpose of our study is to look at the rate of clinical trial registry searches conducted by SRs in the top five Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery journals. METHODS We identified the top five plastic and reconstructive surgery journals using the Google h-5 index. We then searched Pubmed for SRs published in these journals and compared them to plastic surgery SRs published in the Cochrane Collaboration for SRs over the last 5 y. We included all SRs that were published within these top five journals and Cochrane between December 6, 2016 and December 6, 2021. We then conducted a secondary analysis on clinicaltrials.gov looking for unpublished clinical trials for 100 randomized SRs that did not conduct a clinical trial registry search. RESULTS In SRs, 3.3% (17/512) from plastic surgery journals conducted trial registry searches. In comparison, 95.0% (38/40) of Cochrane Collaboration SRs conducted trial registry searches. Our secondary analysis found that 50% (50/100) of SRs could have included at least one unpublished clinical trial data set. CONCLUSIONS We found that plastic surgery SRs rarely include searches for unpublished clinical trial data in clinical trial registries. To improve the data completeness of SRs in plastic surgery journals, we recommend journals alter their author guidelines to require a clinical trial registry search for unpublished literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griffin K Hughes
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma.
| | - Elizabeth P Garrett
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Jordan D Staggs
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Arjun K Reddy
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
| | - Jordan E Wiebe
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana
| | - Matt Vassar
- Office of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, Oklahoma
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Pallath A, Zhang Q. Paperfetcher: A tool to automate handsearching and citation searching for systematic reviews. Res Synth Methods 2023; 14:323-335. [PMID: 36260090 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Systematic reviews are vital instruments for researchers to understand broad trends in a field and synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of interventions in addressing specific issues. The quality of a systematic review depends critically on having comprehensively surveyed all relevant literature on the review topic. In addition to database searching, handsearching is an important supplementary technique that helps increase the likelihood of identifying all relevant studies in a literature search. Traditional handsearching requires reviewers to manually browse through a curated list of field-specific journals and conference proceedings to find articles relevant to the review topic. This manual process is not only time-consuming, laborious, costly, and error-prone due to human fatigue, but it also lacks replicability due to its cumbersome manual nature. To address these issues, this paper presents a free and open-source Python package and an accompanying web-app, Paperfetcher, to automate the retrieval of article metadata for handsearching. With Paperfetcher's assistance, researchers can retrieve article metadata from designated journals within a specified time frame in just a few clicks. In addition to handsearching, it also incorporates a beta version of citation searching in both forward and backward directions. Paperfetcher has an easy-to-use interface, which allows researchers to download the metadata of retrieved studies as a list of DOIs or as an RIS file to facilitate seamless import into systematic review screening software. To the best of our knowledge, Paperfetcher is the first tool to automate handsearching with high usability and a multi-disciplinary focus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Pallath
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qiyang Zhang
- School of Education, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Logan J. Why do researchers co-author evidence syntheses with librarians? A mixed-methods study. Res Synth Methods 2023; 14:489-503. [PMID: 36808812 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Librarians and information specialists are experts in designing comprehensive literature searches, such as those needed for Evidence Syntheses (ES). The contributions of these professionals to ES research teams have several documented benefits, especially when they collaborate on the project. However, librarian co-authorship is relatively rare. This study explores researcher motivations for working with librarians at the co-author level through a mixed methods design. Interviews with researchers identified 20 potential motivations that were then tested through an online questionnaire sent to authors of recently published ES. Consistent with previous findings, most respondents did not have a librarian co-author on their ES, though 16% acknowledged one in their manuscript and 10% consulted one but did not document the contribution. Search expertise was the most common motivation both to and not to co-author with librarians. Those that had or were interested in co-authoring stated that they wanted the librarians' search expertise, while those who had not or were not interested stated that they already had the necessary search expertise. Researchers who were motivated by methodological expertise and availability were more likely to have co-authored their ES with a librarian. No motivations were negatively associated with librarian co-authorship. These findings provide an overview of the motivations that influence researchers to bring a librarian into an ES investigatory team. More research is needed to substantiate the validity of these motivations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Logan
- University of Toronto, University of Toronto Libraries, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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36
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Svarre T, Russell-Rose T. Think outside the search box: A comparative study of visual and form-based query builders. J Inf Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01655515221138536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Knowledge workers such as healthcare information professionals, legal researchers and librarians need to create and execute search strategies that are comprehensive, transparent and reproducible. The traditional solution is to use proprietary query-building tools provided by literature database vendors. In the majority of cases, these query builders are designed using a form-based paradigm that requires the user to enter keywords and ontology terms on a line-by-line basis and then combine them using Boolean operators. However, recent years have witnessed significant changes in human–computer interaction technologies, and users can now engage with online information systems using a variety of novel data visualisation techniques. In this article, we evaluate a new approach to query building in which users express concepts as objects on a visual canvas and compare this with a traditional form-based query builder in a laboratory-based user study. The results demonstrate the potential of visual interfaces to mitigate some of the shortcomings associated with form-based interfaces and encourage more exploratory search behaviour. They also demonstrate the value of having a temporary ‘scratch’ space in query formulation. In addition, the findings highlight an ongoing need for transparency and reproducibility in professional search and raise further questions about how these properties may best be supported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Svarre
- Department of Communication and Psychology, Aalborg University, Denmark
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A Systematic Review of Artificial Intelligence Applications in Plastic Surgery: Looking to the Future. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2022; 10:e4608. [PMID: 36479133 PMCID: PMC9722565 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000004608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Artificial intelligence (AI) is presently employed in several medical specialties, particularly those that rely on large quantities of standardized data. The integration of AI in surgical subspecialties is under preclinical investigation but is yet to be widely implemented. Plastic surgeons collect standardized data in various settings and could benefit from AI. This systematic review investigates the current clinical applications of AI in plastic and reconstructive surgery. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of the Medline, EMBASE, Cochrane, and PubMed databases was conducted for AI studies with multiple search terms. Articles that progressed beyond the title and abstract screening were then subcategorized based on the plastic surgery subspecialty and AI application. RESULTS The systematic search yielded a total of 1820 articles. Forty-four studies met inclusion criteria warranting further analysis. Subcategorization of articles by plastic surgery subspecialties revealed that most studies fell into aesthetic and breast surgery (27%), craniofacial surgery (23%), or microsurgery (14%). Analysis of the research study phase of included articles indicated that the current research is primarily in phase 0 (discovery and invention; 43.2%), phase 1 (technical performance and safety; 27.3%), or phase 2 (efficacy, quality improvement, and algorithm performance in a medical setting; 27.3%). Only one study demonstrated translation to clinical practice. CONCLUSIONS The potential of AI to optimize clinical efficiency is being investigated in every subfield of plastic surgery, but much of the research to date remains in the preclinical status. Future implementation of AI into everyday clinical practice will require collaborative efforts.
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Nick JM, Sarpy NL. An analysis of data sources and study registries used in systematic reviews. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2022; 19:450-457. [PMID: 36380457 PMCID: PMC10099387 DOI: 10.1111/wvn.12614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reporting standards for data sources in systematic reviews (SRs) have been developed, yet research shows varying compliance in the methods section. When this happens, replication of search results is difficult and creates ambiguous and biased data sources. AIMS This study captured author practices in choosing English and non-English-language databases, listing all the databases searched, and incorporating study registries as part of the search strategy. METHODS Using an analytic, cross-sectional, study design, volunteer data collectors (n = 107) searched one of two assigned English language platforms for SRs on specified health conditions. All the data sources found in the methods section of each SR were documented and analyzed for patterns using bibliographic techniques. RESULTS The final sample size of the SRs reviewed was N = 199. The mean number of data sources seen in the SRs was 3.9 (SD 2), with a range of 1-10. Eighteen records (9%) used a single data source to conduct the SRs. Four leading language platforms were seen in the SRs: English (100% of occurrences), up to 8% used Chinese data sources, and 4% included Spanish or Portuguese. The four most frequently used data sources were: (1) Medline (98%), (2) Embase (65%), (3) Cochrane Library (56%), and (4) Web of Science (33%). The percentage of SRs listing study registries was 30%. LINKING EVIDENCE TO ACTION Strategies to reduce bias and increase the rigor and reliability of SRs include comprehensive search practices by exploring non-English-language databases, using multiple data sources, and searching study registries. By following PRISMA-S guidelines to report data sources correctly, reproducibility can be accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan M Nick
- Loma Linda University - School of Nursing, Loma Linda, California, USA
| | - Nancy L Sarpy
- Loma Linda University - School of Nursing, Loma Linda, California, USA
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El Alili M, van Dongen JM, Esser JL, Heymans MW, van Tulder MW, Bosmans JE. A scoping review of statistical methods for trial-based economic evaluations: The current state of play. HEALTH ECONOMICS 2022; 31:2680-2699. [PMID: 36089775 PMCID: PMC9826466 DOI: 10.1002/hec.4603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The statistical quality of trial-based economic evaluations is often suboptimal, while a comprehensive overview of available statistical methods is lacking. Therefore, this review summarized and critically appraised available statistical methods for trial-based economic evaluations. A literature search was performed to identify studies on statistical methods for dealing with baseline imbalances, skewed costs and/or effects, correlated costs and effects, clustered data, longitudinal data, missing data and censoring in trial-based economic evaluations. Data was extracted on the statistical methods described, their advantages, disadvantages, relative performance and recommendations of the study. Sixty-eight studies were included. Of them, 27 (40%) assessed methods for baseline imbalances, 39 (57%) assessed methods for skewed costs and/or effects, 27 (40%) assessed methods for correlated costs and effects, 18 (26%) assessed methods for clustered data, 7 (10%) assessed methods for longitudinal data, 26 (38%) assessed methods for missing data and 10 (15%) assessed methods for censoring. All identified methods were narratively described. This review provides a comprehensive overview of available statistical methods for dealing with the most common statistical complexities in trial-based economic evaluations. Herewith, it can provide valuable input for researchers when deciding which statistical methods to use in a trial-based economic evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El Alili
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Johanna M. van Dongen
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Movement Sciences Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Jonas L. Esser
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Martijn W. Heymans
- Department of Epidemiology and BiostatisticsAmsterdam UMC, Location VUmcAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
| | - Maurits W. van Tulder
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Movement Sciences Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
- Department of Physiotherapy & Occupational TherapyAarhus University HospitalAarhusDenmark
| | - Judith E. Bosmans
- Department of Health SciencesFaculty of ScienceVrije Universiteit AmsterdamAmsterdam Public Health Research InstituteAmsterdamthe Netherlands
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Levay P, Walsh N, Foster L. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence information specialist development pathway: Developing the skills, knowledge and confidence to quality assure search strategies. Health Info Libr J 2022; 39:392-399. [PMID: 36263867 DOI: 10.1111/hir.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quality assurance (QA) is an important process in ensuring that systematic reviews and other evidence syntheses are supported by a high-quality search. This paper describes how the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) in the UK established a development pathway to ensure its information specialists had the skills, knowledge and confidence to undertake search QA. The key component of the pathway is that it blends technical knowledge with interpersonal skills. The pathway develops technical skills in the early steps before using peer support activities to build confidence while undertaking a range of searches. QA is effective when the search lead communicates the contextual information that has influenced search development. QA is treated as a collaboration to get the right search for the review. The key requirements for search QA, alongside technical knowledge, are communication, collaboration and negotiation skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Levay
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Manchester, UK
| | - Nicola Walsh
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Manchester, UK
| | - Louise Foster
- Information Services, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), Manchester, UK
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Frandsen TF, Nielsen MFB, Eriksen MB. Avoiding searching for outcomes called for additional search strategies: a study of Cochrane review searches. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 149:83-88. [PMID: 35661816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A search strategy for a systematic review that uses the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome framework should include the population, the intervention(s), and the type(s) of study design. According to existing guidelines, outcome should generally be excluded from the search strategy unless the search is multistranded. However, a recent study found that approximately 10% (51) of recent Cochrane reviews on interventions included outcomes in their literature search strategies. This study aims to analyze the alternatives to including outcomes in a search strategy by analyzing these recent Cochrane reviews. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This study analyzes the 51 Cochrane reviews that included outcomes in their literature search strategies and analyzes the results of alternative search strategies that follow current recommendations. RESULTS Despite a small study sample of 51 reviews the results show that many of the reviews excluded some of the recommended elements due to very broadly defined elements (e.g., all interventions or all people). Furthermore, excluding outcomes from the search strategy is followed by an enormous increase in the number of retrieved records making it unmanageable to screen, if using a single-stranded search strategy. CONCLUSION Recommendations for search strategies in difficult cases are called for.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Faber Frandsen
- University of Southern Denmark, Department of Design and Communication, Universitetsparken 1, 5000 Kolding, Denmark.
| | | | - Mette Brandt Eriksen
- The University Library of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark; Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense (CEBMO) and Cochrane Denmark, Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Frandsen TF, Carlsen AMF, Eriksen MB. The use of subject headings varied in Embase and MEDLINE: An analysis of indexing across six subject areas. J Inf Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/01655515221107335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Many bibliographic databases describe the content of a publication using a thesaurus. The vocabularies vary and the extent to which the databases apply them may also differ significantly. The aim of this study is to empirically explore the number of subject headings assigned to publications in two databases over time and to determine if publication characteristics are associated with the number of subject headings. Articles and reviews in MEDLINE and Embase from 1990 to 2019 assigned with one of the subject headings from six subject areas are included in this study. Each of the retrieved publications in Embase is matched with a similar publication in MEDLINE. Furthermore, multivariable linear regressions are used to explore the association of the number of subject headings in MEDLINE and Embase with six prespecified publication characteristics. The average number of assigned subject headings in MEDLINE is stable or even slightly decreasing over time. In Embase, the average number of assigned subject headings was stable until about 2000 where the average number increased dramatically during the next 3 years. Furthermore, linear regressions show that the average number of subject headings in MEDLINE and Embase is higher for publications in English, publications with longer abstract, recent publications and if it belongs to specific subject areas. However, reviews are assigned with more subject headings in Embase and fewer in MEDLINE. The implications of the results are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tove Faber Frandsen
- Department of Design and Communication, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | | | - Mette Brandt Eriksen
- The University Library of Southern Denmark, Cochrane Denmark & Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Odense (CEBMO), University of Southern Denmark
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Ng JY, Dhawan T, Dogadova E, Taghi-Zada Z, Vacca A, Fajardo RG, Masood HA, Patel R, Sunderji S, Wieland LS, Moher D. A comprehensive search string informed by an operational definition of complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine for systematic bibliographic database search strategies. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:200. [PMID: 35897034 PMCID: PMC9327196 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03683-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Determining which therapies fall under the umbrella of complementary, alternative, and/or integrative medicine (CAIM) is difficult for several reasons. An operational definition is dynamic, and changes depending on both historical time period and geographical location, with many countries integrating or considering their traditional system(s) of medicine as conventional care. We have previously reported the first operational definition of CAIM informed by a systematic search. In the present study, we have developed a comprehensive search string informed by an operational definition of CAIM for systematic bibliographic database search strategies. METHODS We developed a single search string for the most common bibliographic databases, including those searchable on the OVID platform (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED), the EBSCO platform (e.g., ERIC, CINAHL), Scopus, and Web of Science, using the finalised operational definition of CAIM's 604 therapies. We searched the Therapeutic Research Center's "Natural Medicines" database for all 604 therapies, and each item's scientific name and/or synonym was included as a keyword or phrase in the search string. RESULTS This developed search string provides a standardised list of CAIM terms (i.e., keywords and phrases) that may be searched on bibliographic databases including those found on the OVID platform (e.g., MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, AMED), the EBSCO platform (e.g., ERIC, CINAHL), Scopus, and Web of Science. CONCLUSION Researchers can select relevant terms for their CAIM study and insert the keywords/phrases into these databases to receive all accessible data. This search technique can simply be copied and pasted into the search bar of each database to identify research by keywords, which is the most inclusive, or by words in the article title, which is more selective. Given its versatility across multiple commonly used academic platforms/databases, it is expected that this search string will be of great value to those conducting research on CAIM topics involving systematic search strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Y. Ng
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tushar Dhawan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dogadova
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Zhala Taghi-Zada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Alexandra Vacca
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Renee-Gabrielle Fajardo
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Hooriya A. Masood
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Riva Patel
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - Samira Sunderji
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario Canada
| | - L. Susan Wieland
- Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Johal HK, Birchley G, Huxtable R. Exploring physician approaches to conflict resolution in end-of-life decisions in the adult intensive care unit: protocol for a systematic review of qualitative research. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057387. [PMID: 35863831 PMCID: PMC9310170 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Conflict is unfortunately well-documented in the adult intensive care unit (AICU). In the context of end-of-life (EOL) decision-making (ie, the withdrawal or withholding of life-sustaining treatment), conflict commonly occurs when a consensus cannot be reached between the healthcare team and the patient's family on the 'best interests' of the critically ill, incapacitated patient. While existing literature has identified potential methods for conflict resolution, it is less clear how these approaches are perceived and used by stakeholders in the EOL decision-making process. We aim to explore this by systematically reviewing and synthesising the published evidence, which addresses the following research question: what does existing qualitative research reveal about physician approaches to addressing conflict arising in EOL decisions in the AICU? METHODS AND ANALYSIS Peer-reviewed qualitative studies (retrieved from MEDLINE, Project Muse, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and LILACS) examining conflict and dispute resolution in the context of EOL decisions in the AICU setting will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen either all or a randomly selected sample of studies, with a third reviewer independently screening studies of uncertain eligibility. The 'thematic synthesis' approach will be employed to analyse the resulting data. The quality of included papers will be assessed using the 2018 Mixed-Methods Assessment Tool. The 'Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations-Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research' approach will be used to assess our confidence in the findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval is not required for this review, as only published data will be included. We anticipate that the findings will be of interest to healthcare professionals working in AICUs and individuals working in bioethics, given the ethically contentious nature of EOL decisions. The findings will be disseminated at academic conferences and through open-access publication in a peer-reviewed journal. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021193769.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harleen Kaur Johal
- Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Giles Birchley
- Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Richard Huxtable
- Centre for Ethics in Medicine, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Dwyer L, Dowding D, Kearney R. What are the barriers and facilitators to self-management of chronic conditions reported by women? A systematic review. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061655. [PMID: 35858726 PMCID: PMC9305798 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) can be effectively managed using a pessary. A scoping review found that pessary self-management appears to benefit women with no increased risk. Despite this, many are unwilling to self-manage their pessary. At present, there is a lack of understanding about what affects willingness to self-manage a pessary. However, there may be relevant, transferable findings from other literature about barriers to the self-management of other chronic conditions. Therefore, this systematic review aims to identify, appraise and synthesise the findings of published qualitative research exploring the barriers and facilitators to self-management of chronic conditions reported by women. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The systematic review will be conducted and reported in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and a guide for the systematic review of qualitative data. A search of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase and PsycInfo will be undertaken to identify relevant articles that meet the eligibility criteria using the search terms 'Women', 'Woman' 'Female,' 'Chronic', 'Long-term', 'Disease', 'Illness', 'Condition' 'Health,' 'Self-management,' 'Qualitative,' 'Barrier' and 'Facilitator'. A hand search of the reference list of non-original research identified during the search but excluded will be conducted for additional publications, which meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Studies published before 2005 and those not available in English will be excluded. Data relevant to the topic will be extracted and critical appraisal of all included publications undertaken. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION No ethical or Health Research Authority approval is required to undertake the systematic review. The systematic review findings will be disseminated by publication. The findings will also inform subsequent exploratory work regarding pessary self-management. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42022327643.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Dwyer
- The Warrell Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester School of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Dawn Dowding
- Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Manchester School of Health Sciences, Manchester, UK
| | - Rohna Kearney
- The Warrell Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
- Institute of Human Development, Faculty of Medical & Human Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Ng JY, Dhawan T, Dogadova E, Taghi-Zada Z, Vacca A, Wieland LS, Moher D. Operational definition of complementary, alternative, and integrative medicine derived from a systematic search. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:104. [PMID: 35413882 PMCID: PMC9006507 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03556-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying what therapies constitute complementary, alternative, and/or integrative medicine (CAIM) is complex for a multitude of reasons. An operational definition is dynamic, and changes based on both historical time period and geographical location whereby many jurisdictions may integrate or consider their traditional system(s) of medicine as conventional care. To date, only one operational definition of "complementary and alternative medicine" has been proposed, by Cochrane researchers in 2011. This definition is not only over a decade old but also did not use systematic methods to compile the therapies. Furthermore, it did not capture the concept "integrative medicine", which is an increasingly popular aspect of the use of complementary therapies in practice. An updated operational definition reflective of CAIM is warranted given the rapidly increasing body of CAIM research literature published each year. METHODS Four peer-reviewed or otherwise quality-assessed information resource types were used to inform the development of the operational definition: peer-reviewed articles resulting from searches across seven academic databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, AMED, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus and Web of Science); the "aims and scope" webpages of peer-reviewed CAIM journals; CAIM entries found in online encyclopedias, and highly-ranked websites identified through searches of CAIM-related terms on HONcode. Screening of eligible resources, and data extraction of CAIM therapies across them, were each conducted independently and in duplicate. CAIM therapies across eligible sources were deduplicated. RESULTS A total of 101 eligible resources were identified: peer-reviewed articles (n = 19), journal "aims and scope" webpages (n = 22), encyclopedia entries (n = 11), and HONcode-searched websites (n = 49). Six hundred four unique CAIM terms were included in this operational definition. CONCLUSIONS This updated operational definition is the first to be informed by systematic methods, and could support the harmonization of CAIM-related research through the provision of a standard of classification, as well as support improved collaboration between different research groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy Y. Ng
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Tushar Dhawan
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Ekaterina Dogadova
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Zhala Taghi-Zada
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - Alexandra Vacca
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada
| | - L. Susan Wieland
- Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - David Moher
- Centre for Journalology, Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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A Systematic Review on the Biomechanics of Breakfall Technique (Ukemi) in Relation to Injury in Judo within the Adult Judoka Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074259. [PMID: 35409940 PMCID: PMC8998643 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives: To investigate the biomechanics of Ukemi in relation to head and neck injury in adult judokas with varying skill sets. Design: Narrative systematic review. Methods: An extensive literature search was performed using PubMed, Google Scholar, Science direct and EMBASE from inception to April 2021. Studies were included if they: (1) reported biomechanical analysis of judo throws and Ukemi; (2) were on adult judoka populations; (3) discussed injury related to judo technique. The included studies were assessed for risk of bias using a five-part modified STROBE checklist. A narrative synthesis was performed due to the heterogeneity of included studies. Results: 173 titles and abstracts were screened with 16 studies (158 judokas, 9 of which were female) included. All studies used 3D biomechanical analysis to assess Ukemi. Ukemi implementation produced reduced kinematic data in comparison to direct occipital contact, which was always below the injury threshold. Analysis of lower limb and trunk kinematics revealed variances in Ukemi between novice and experienced judoka. Whilst no significant differences were seen in neck flexion angles, hip, knee and trunk angle time plots revealed greater extension angles in experienced judokas. Conclusions: Ukemi is essential in preventing head and neck injuries; however, technique differs between experienced and novice judoka. Larger flexion angles of the hip, knee and trunk are seen in novice judoka, which correlate with increased kinematic data. The association of greater neck muscle strength with improved Ukemi is weak. However, a negative correlation was established between fatigue and breakfall skill by one study.
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Hao S, Ji L, Wang Y. Effect of Honey on Pediatric Radio/Chemotherapy-Induced Oral Mucositis (R/CIOM): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2022; 2022:6906439. [PMID: 35341151 PMCID: PMC8956378 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6906439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background As a common side effect of radio/chemotherapy, oral mucositis severely affects patients' quality of life. Honey has been recommended for adults with radio/chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis (R/CIOM), but its effect for pediatric patients has not been systematically evaluated. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to illuminate whether honey is effective in treating pediatric R/CIOM. Methods Two authors searched electronic databases including PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify relevant studies, published in English. Then, the outcomes data was extracted from eligible studies and pooled in the meta-analysis. Results Totally, five studies containing 316 patients were included in our systematic review and meta-analysis. The result indicated that honey intervention significantly reduced the recovery time (MD = -5.10, 95% CI [-9.60, -0.61], P < 0.001, I 2 = 98%, random-effect model) in pediatric patients. Honey also reduced the occurrence of all grades of R/CIOM (RR = 0.19, 95% CI [0.12, 0.30], P < 0.001, I2 = 0%, fixed-effect model) and the occurrence of grade III and grade IV R/CIOM (RR = 0.18, 95% CI [0.08, 0.41], P < 0.001, I2 = 7%, fixed-effect model), and the sensitivity analysis showed the results were stable and robust. Conclusion Therefore, honey could be a competent candidate for the complementary treatment of pediatric R/CIOM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases &Department of Pediatric Dentistry, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Gong X, Fenech B, Blackmore C, Chen Y, Rodgers G, Gulliver J, Hansell AL. Association between Noise Annoyance and Mental Health Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19052696. [PMID: 35270388 PMCID: PMC8910193 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, most studies of noise and mental health have focused on noise exposure rather than noise annoyance. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether the available evidence supports an adverse association between noise annoyance and mental health problems in people. We carried out a literature search of Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and conference proceedings published between 2000 and 2022. Thirteen papers met the inclusion criteria. We conducted meta-analyses of noise annoyance in relation to depression, anxiety, and general mental health. In the meta-analyses, we found that depression was approximately 1.23 times greater in those who were highly noise-annoyed (N = 8 studies). We found an approximately 55% higher risk of anxiety (N = 6) in highly noise-annoyed people. For general mental health (N = 5), highly annoyed participants had an almost 119% increased risk of mental health problems as assessed by Short Form (SF) or General Household Questionnaires (GHQ), but with high heterogeneity and risk of publication bias. In conclusion, findings are suggestive of a potential link between noise annoyance and poorer mental health based on a small number of studies. More evidence is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangpu Gong
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK; (X.G.); (C.B.); (Y.C.); (J.G.)
- National Institute for Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Benjamin Fenech
- Noise and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham B2 4BH, UK; (B.F.); (G.R.)
| | - Claire Blackmore
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK; (X.G.); (C.B.); (Y.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Yingxin Chen
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK; (X.G.); (C.B.); (Y.C.); (J.G.)
| | - Georgia Rodgers
- Noise and Public Health Group, Environmental Hazards and Emergencies Department, UK Health Security Agency, Birmingham B2 4BH, UK; (B.F.); (G.R.)
| | - John Gulliver
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK; (X.G.); (C.B.); (Y.C.); (J.G.)
- National Institute for Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK
| | - Anna L. Hansell
- Centre for Environmental Health and Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK; (X.G.); (C.B.); (Y.C.); (J.G.)
- National Institute for Health Protection Research Unit in Environmental Exposures and Health, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7HA, UK
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)116-252-5408
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People's Experience of Shared Decision Making in Musculoskeletal Physiotherapy: A Systematic Review and Thematic Synthesis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12010012. [PMID: 35049623 PMCID: PMC8773142 DOI: 10.3390/bs12010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Shared decision making (SDM) has been advocated as a way of improving prudency in healthcare and has been linked to self-efficacy and empowerment of service users. The evaluation of its use in musculoskeletal (MSK) physiotherapy has been vague, but articles suggest that trust and communication are integral. (2) ENTREQ guidelines informed this systematic review and thematic synthesis. PRISMA recommendations steered a systematic literature search of AHMED, CINAHL, MEDLNE, EMBASE and Cochrane databases from inception to September 2021. COREQ was used for quality appraisal of articles alongside critical discussions. Analysis and synthesis included five stages: outlining study characteristics, coding of data, development of descriptive themes, development of analytical themes and integration and refinement. The review aim was to explore people’s experiences of SDM in MSK physiotherapy and to inform our understanding of the conditions needed for successful SDM. (3) Out of 1508 studies, 9 articles were included. Four main themes (trust, communication, decision preferences and decision ability) demonstrated that the majority of people want to participate in decision-making. As described in the capacity and capability model, three core conditions were needed to facilitate someone’s’ ability to participate. (4) People want to be involved in SDM in MSK physiotherapy. For successful SDM, physiotherapists should look to develop mutual trust, utilise two-way communication and share power.
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