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Yang X, Qin Q, Wang Y, Ma Z, Li Q, Zhang F, Han Y, Wang H. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding cardiovascular disease prevention among middle school students in China: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1301829. [PMID: 38344229 PMCID: PMC10853328 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1301829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is rapidly increasing globally. With a concerning increase among adolescents due to unhealthy habits, obesity, and hypertension, understanding the current status of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to CVD prevention among middle school students is crucial for developing effective school-based health programs to prevent CVD. Methods The analytic cross-sectional survey is used in questionnaires to assess KAP related to CVD prevention among middle school students (N = 17,731) from 50 schools across 16 provinces in China in June-July 2023. The pass rate of KAP scores is categorized as good and poor. Independent predictors of good KAP of CVD prevention are ascertained using a binary logistic regression model. Results The study surveyed 8,118 (45.78%) junior high school students and 9,613 (54.22%) high school students. The overall mean [standard deviation (SD)] for the knowledge, attitude, and practice scores were 26.88 (8.12), 53.53 (7.22), and 39.80 (5.96), respectively. The knowledge scores had the lowest pass rate at 56.89%. Only 6.83% of the students know "the definition of blood pressure in adolescents." Attitudes toward health were positive, though the attitude regarding "the danger of prolonged sedentary to cardiovascular health" scored lowest at 73.55%. The practice section had a pass rate of 89.30%; 40.27% of students reported that they spend more than an hour a day on screens. Only one-third of the students would go to bed before 12 o'clock. In univariate analysis, junior high school and high school students differed significantly in knowledge and practice (p < 0.001), but attitude did not differ significantly (p = 0.103). Conclusion The majority of students lack sufficient knowledge about CVD. It is also found that socioeconomic background, family environment, and educational levels have an impact on cardiovascular health behaviors among students. Strengthening health education involving students, parents, teachers, and communities is essential to promote health knowledge and practices among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiang Qin
- Department of Physical Education, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Yifei Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Zhaopeng Ma
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Qiurong Li
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Fusheng Zhang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Yanbai Han
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
| | - Hongli Wang
- College of Physical Education and Health, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, China
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Brandão TO, Veiga ECDA, Levy RF, Damaso EL, Sandrim VC, Cavalli RC. Assessment by ABPM verified the presence of hypertension in patients with self-reported hypertension, pregnant women, as well as differences between ethnicities in women aged 39–39 years in the Ribeirão Preto cohort. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:992595. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.992595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a global health problem and one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and therefore for morbidity and mortality among adult men and women. Factors related to obstetric history, family history, sociodemographic characteristics, and lifestyle habits are known determinants of arterial hypertension.Methods: Case-control study of women belonging to the 1978/79 birth cohort conducted in the city of Ribeirão Preto/SP. Sociodemographic data, presence of comorbidities, maternal comorbidities, paternal comorbidities, comorbidities during pregnancy, and biometric and biophysical markers associated with blood pressure measured by 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) were assessed in women aged 38–39 years. We want to study which variables of the previous sentence are related to the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM.Results: Data from 281 women were analyzed. Our results showed that ethnicity, a history of hypertension, and gestational hypertension reported by the women were significantly associated with the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM. Other factors such as marital status, educational level, comorbidities of the woman, paternal or maternal comorbidities, anthropometric measurements or serum levels of cardiovascular markers were not associated with the presence of hypertension measured by ABPM.Conclusion: We conclude that ethnicity, self-reported hypertension, and gestational hypertension are associated with arterial hypertension measured by ABPM.
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PEREIRA FA, QADIR JA, KAMRAN S. Frequency of Elevated Blood Pressure Associated With Physical Activity and Dietary Patterns among School Going Adolescents in Karachi: A Cross Sectional Survey. BALNEO RESEARCH JOURNAL 2020. [DOI: 10.12680/balneo.2020.383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Studies have suggested that atherosclerotic changes take place in the body since childhood due to altered dietary patterns and sedentary lifestyle. It is critical to identify gap areas and update current literature to produce effective changes in our lifestyle.
Study design: A cross-sectional survey conducted among school going adolescents in Karachi.
Methods: A cross sectional study was performed in three different schools of Karachi. A sample size of 288 was drawn through non-probability, purposive sampling technique. Students were given a questionnaire comprising of questions regarding their physical activity levels, dietary patterns and knowledge regarding blood pressure. Blood pressure and Body Mass Index data was also recorded.
Results: Mean age of participants was 14.10 ± 1.097. Of the 288 students that participated in this study (122 boys and 166 girls), 227 were normal for hypertension status (93 boys and 134 girls), 27 were pre-hypertensive (7 boys and 20 girls), and 34 were hypertensive (22 boys and 12 girls). Mean systolic blood pressure was 112.73 ± 13.49, and mean diastolic blood pressure was 71.25 ± 13.03. Awareness among participants was high regarding hypertension being linked to the foods they consumed (62.8%).
Conclusion: Our study did not show strong correlation between physical activity and dietary patterns, with status of hypertension. Screening programs should be conducted in schools to monitor blood pressure and body mass index. High risk groups should be approached and advised for lifestyle modification..
Keywords: hypertension, adolescents, life style,
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sajida KAMRAN
- 2. Institute of Physical Therapy & Rehabilitation, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan
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de Almeida MMS, Guimarães RA, Jardim PCBV, Sousa ALL, de Souza MM. Association between arterial hypertension and nutritional status in adolescents from Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0188782. [PMID: 29253900 PMCID: PMC5734768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0188782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Adolescents are a population with unique lifestyle challenges, including physical inactivity, inadequate nutrition, and obesity, all of which increase the risk of developing hypertension (HTN). The objective of this study has been to estimate the prevalence of factors associated with hypertension in adolescents in the city of Goiânia City, Central Brazil. METHODS Between 2013and2014, a cross-sectional population study on cardiovascular risk in adolescents, was conducted with the participation of 1,586 adolescents in 108 classes at 36 schools (public and private) in Goiânia city. All of the adolescents were interviewed to establish their sociodemographic and behavioral characteristics related to hypertension and nutritional status. Anthropometric and blood pressure data were collected following a protocol. A Poisson regression, stratified by gender, was used to verify the factors associated with HTN. RESULTS In this mixed-gender group of 1,586 students, the prevalence of HTN was 6.2% (95% CI: 4.6-8.2%) in girls and 14.0% (95% CI: 10.2-18.8%) in boys-about twice as high in boys as in girls (p <0.001). Obesity was independently associated with HTN in both genders. Being overweight was a risk factor for HTN. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the SBP/SBP percentile and the BMI Z-score/Nutritional status (NS)in both genders. A high prevalence of physical inactivity was also observed in the adolescents investigated, especially in the girls. On the other hand, more boys than girls were found to be obese. CONCLUSION The results of this investigation revealed the need for strategies to prevent and control HTN and its risk factors, especially in Brazil's schools. In addition to the constant surveillance of HTN prevalence and risk factors (in particular, being overweight or obese), information should be distributed to promote beneficial health behaviors among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafael Alves Guimarães
- Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
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Ripka WL, Ulbricht L, Gewehr PM. Body composition and prediction equations using skinfold thickness for body fat percentage in Southern Brazilian adolescents. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184854. [PMID: 28910398 PMCID: PMC5599014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to: a) determine the nutritional status of Brazilian adolescents, and; b) present a skinfold thickness model (ST) to estimate body fat developed with Brazilian samples, using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as reference method. METHODS The main study group was composed of 374 adolescents, and further 42 adolescents for the validation group. Weight, height, waist circumference measurements, and body mass index (BMI) were collected, as well as nine ST-biceps (BI), triceps (TR), chest (CH), axillary (AX) subscapularis (SB), abdominal (AB), suprailiac (SI), medial thigh (TH), calf (CF), and fat percentage (%BF) obtained by DXA. RESULTS The prevalence of overweight in adolescents was 20.9%, and obesity 5.8%. Regression analysis through ordinary least square method (OLS) allowed obtainment of three equations with values of R2 = 0.935, 0.912 and 0.850, standard error estimated = 1.79, 1.78 and 1.87, and bias = 0.06, 0.20 and 0.05, respectively. CONCLUSION the innovation of this study lies in presenting new regression equations for predicting body fat in Southern Brazilian adolescents based on a representative and heterogeneous sample from DXA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wagner Luis Ripka
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Leandra Ulbricht
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Pedro Miguel Gewehr
- Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering, Federal University of Technology—Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Abbs ES, Viñoles J, Alarcón JO, Johnson HM, Zunt JR. High prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in Peruvian adolescents living in a peri-urban shantytown: a cross-sectional study. JOURNAL OF HEALTH, POPULATION, AND NUTRITION 2017; 36:19. [PMID: 28532431 PMCID: PMC5440987 DOI: 10.1186/s41043-017-0093-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adults of the peri-urban Peruvian shantytown of Lomas de Zapallal have a high prevalence of risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD)-likely due to behavioral choices established during childhood and adolescence. To guide the development of community-based risk reduction programs, we assessed the prevalence of risk factors for developing CVD among adolescents. METHODS We collected cross sectional data from adolescents of Peruvian peri-urban shantytown to evaluate four domains of CVD risk factors: (1) clinical (blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and blood lipids), (2) anthropometric (height, weight, and waist circumference), (3) behavioral (physical activity, diet, and substance abuse), and (4) psychosocial (mental health and violence). RESULTS We enrolled 275 adolescents (56.4% female, mean age 14 years). Prevalence of overweight or obese status was 27.8%. High blood pressure was more common in males (37.4%) than females (20.5%) (p = 0.002). Total cholesterol was elevated (>170 mg/dL) in nearly half (45.5%) of the adolescents, and 71% had impaired fasting blood glucose (>100 mg/dL). Females were less likely to exercise daily (95.4%) than males (84.2%) (p = 0.002) but reported higher rates of depression (66.4%), anhedonia (67.6%), and self-harm behavior (37.9%) (all p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents living in the peri-urban population of Puente Piedra had high prevalence of risk factors for future development of CVD; preventative efforts focused on improving nutrition, increasing physical inactivity, and addressing mental health conditions could reduce such risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth S Abbs
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, H4/512 CSC, MC 3248, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, 53792, WI, USA.
| | - José Viñoles
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical "D.A. Carrion" de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jiron Jose Santos Chocano 199, Lima, Peru
| | - Jorge O Alarcón
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical "D.A. Carrion" de la Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Jiron Jose Santos Chocano 199, Lima, Peru
| | - Heather M Johnson
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, H4/512 CSC, MC 3248, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, 53792, WI, USA
| | - Joseph R Zunt
- Departments of Neurology, Global Health and Medicine (Infectious Disease) of University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Seattle, WA, USA
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Prasad S, Masood J, Srivastava AK, Mishra P. Elevated Blood Pressure and Its Associated Risk Factors among Adolescents of a North Indian City - A Cross-sectional Study. Indian J Community Med 2017; 42:155-158. [PMID: 28852279 PMCID: PMC5561693 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_106_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Context: Amidst the uncertainty in childhood blood pressure (BP) thresholds, besides the ambiguity in levels and duration of BP elevation causing organ damage, hypertension is present in substantial number of asymptomatic children and adolescents with only a few studies disclosing the setup. With projection of deaths due to noncommunicable diseases in 2030 rising to 52 million, it is necessary to know about the knowledge of present adolescents about BP and its modifiable risk factors. Aims: (1) To assess the prevalence of elevated BP among adolescents and to ascertain the associated risk factors. (2) To assess adolescent's knowledge about BP and its modifiable factors. Settings and Design: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted on school going adolescents of Lucknow, from September 2014 to August 2015. Subjects and Methods: BP, height, and weight were measured following standard protocols, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention charts for finding respective cut-off values and oral questionnaire for assessing lifestyle risk factors were used. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square, unpaired t-test, and logistic regression were used. Results: Of the 1041 participants, elevated BP (BP percentile ≥90) was prevalent in 24.2%. On regression, factors such as obesity (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 5.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 3.6–9.4), low fruit diet (aOR = 3.3, 95% CI = 2.1–5.4), and frequent junk food consumption (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.3–2.8) raised the odds of elevated BP while it was lowered by being physically active (aOR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.46–0.97). Of 86.3% of children (n = 898) who were fathomed of BP, only less than third (33% and 21.9%) acquainted of BP raising and lowering practices, respectively. Conclusions: Prevalence of high BP is colossal with only a few children knowing its amendable nature. Strenuous efforts targeting detrimental behaviors and imparting the sense of healthy lifestyle enhancing practices are vital to control this epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthamizh Prasad
- Department of Community Medicine, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jamal Masood
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Anand Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine and Public Health, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Prabhaker Mishra
- Department of Bio-statistics and Health Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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CAVALCANTI AL, RAMOS IA, CARDOSO AMR, FERNANDES LHF, ARAGÃO AS, SANTOS FG, AGUIAR YPC, CARVALHO DF, MEDEIROS CCM, De S. C. SOARES R, CASTRO RD. Association between Periodontal Condition and Nutritional Status of Brazilian Adolescents: A Population-based Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2016; 45:1586-1594. [PMID: 28053924 PMCID: PMC5207099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a serious problem of public health and affects all socio-economic groups, irrespective of age, sex or ethnicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between periodontal condition and nutritional status of adolescents. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study using a probability cluster sampling, and the sample was defined by statistical criterion, consisting of 559 students aged 15-19 yr enrolled in public schools of adolescents of Campina Grande, PB, Brazil in 2012. Socioeconomic characteristics were analyzed, as well as self-reported general and oral health, anthropometric data and periodontal condition (CPI and OHI-S). Descriptive and analytical analysis from bivariate and multivariate Poisson regression analysis with 5% significance level was performed. RESULTS Of the 559 adolescents, 18.6% were overweight and 98.4% had some form of periodontal changes such as: bleeding (34.3%), calculus (38.8%), shallow pocket (22.9%) and deep pocket (2.3%). There was association between presence of periodontal changes with obesity (P<0.05; CI 95%: 0.99 [0.98 - 0.99]). CONCLUSION The association between presence of periodontal changes and obesity status in adolescents was indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro L. CAVALCANTI
- Dept. of Public Health, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil,Corresponding Author:
| | - Ianny A. RAMOS
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | - Amanda S. ARAGÃO
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | - Fábio G. SANTOS
- Dept. of Dentistry, State University of Paraiba, Campina Grande, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Ricardo D. CASTRO
- Dept. of Clinics and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil
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Azevedo PS, Minicucci MF, Zornoff LAM. Obesity: A Growing Multifaceted Problem. Arq Bras Cardiol 2016; 105:448-9. [PMID: 26577718 PMCID: PMC4651401 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20150133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Paula S Azevedo
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos F Minicucci
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo A M Zornoff
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil
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Bloch KV, Klein CH, Szklo M, Kuschnir MCC, Abreu GDA, Barufaldi LA, da Veiga GV, Schaan B, da Silva TLN, de Vasconcellos MTL. ERICA: prevalences of hypertension and obesity in Brazilian adolescents. Rev Saude Publica 2016; 50 Suppl 1:9s. [PMID: 26910553 PMCID: PMC4767032 DOI: 10.1590/s01518-8787.2016050006685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of arterial hypertension and obesity and the population attributable fraction of hypertension that is due to obesity in Brazilian adolescents. METHODS Data from participants in the Brazilian Study of Cardiovascular Risks in Adolescents (ERICA), which was the first national school-based, cross-section study performed in Brazil were evaluated. The sample was divided into 32 geographical strata and clusters from 32 schools and classes, with regional and national representation. Obesity was classified using the body mass index according to age and sex. Arterial hypertension was defined when the average systolic or diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to the 95th percentile of the reference curve. Prevalences and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) of arterial hypertension and obesity, both on a national basis and in the macro-regions of Brazil, were estimated by sex and age group, as were the fractions of hypertension attributable to obesity in the population. RESULTS We evaluated 73,399 students, 55.4% female, with an average age of 14.7 years (SD = 1.6). The prevalence of hypertension was 9.6% (95%CI 9.0-10.3); with the lowest being in the North, 8.4% (95%CI 7.7-9.2) and Northeast regions, 8.4% (95%CI 7.6-9.2), and the highest being in the South, 12.5% (95%CI 11.0-14.2). The prevalence of obesity was 8.4% (95%CI 7.9-8.9), which was lower in the North region and higher in the South region. The prevalences of arterial hypertension and obesity were higher in males. Obese adolescents presented a higher prevalence of hypertension, 28.4% (95%CI 25.5-31.2), than overweight adolescents, 15.4% (95%CI 17.0-13.8), or eutrophic adolescents, 6.3% (95%CI 5.6-7.0). The fraction of hypertension attributable to obesity was 17.8%. CONCLUSIONS ERICA was the first nationally representative Brazilian study providing prevalence estimates of hypertension in adolescents. Regional and sex differences were observed. The study indicates that the control of obesity would lower the prevalence of hypertension among Brazilian adolescents by 1/5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katia Vergetti Bloch
- Instituto de estudos em Saúde Coletiva. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Carlos Henrique Klein
- Departamento de Epidemiologia e Métodos Quantitativos em Saúde. Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sérgio Arouca. Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Moyses Szklo
- Instituto de estudos em Saúde Coletiva. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Maria Cristina C Kuschnir
- Faculdade de Ciência Médicas. Núcleo de Estudos da Saúde do Adolescente. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Gabriela de Azevedo Abreu
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Coletiva. Instituto de Medicina Social. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Laura Augusta Barufaldi
- Departamento de Vigilância de Doenças e Agravos Não Transmissíveis e Promoção da Saúde. Secretaria de Vigilância em Saúde. Ministério da Saúde. Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Gloria Valeria da Veiga
- Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
| | - Beatriz Schaan
- Departamento de Medicina Interna. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
- Serviço de Endocrinologia. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
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Kelishadi R, Mirmoghtadaee P, Najafi H, Keikha M. Systematic review on the association of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents with cardio-metabolic risk factors. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN MEDICAL SCIENCES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF ISFAHAN UNIVERSITY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2015; 20:294-307. [PMID: 26109978 PMCID: PMC4468236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2014] [Revised: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adverse health effects of abdominal obesity are well documented in adults, but such association remains to be determined in the pediatric age group. This study aims to perform a systematic review on the association between abdominal obesity and cardio-metabolic factors such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperglycemia among children and adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar databases to May 2014. Two independent reviewers identified relevant papers in several steps. After studying the titles and texts of documents, repeated and irrelevant ones were excluded. The search was refined to the English language. We did not consider any time limitation. Studies with different measuring methods of abdominal obesity were included. Studies with abdominal obese patients secondary to other disease were excluded from the study. In final, the data of association of cardio-metabolic risk factors and abdominal obesity extracted from studies. RESULTS Overall, 3966 articles were reviewed, and 61 of them were studied according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Waist circumference (WC), waist-to-height ratio, and waist-to-hip ratio were the most common indexes used for defining abdominal obesity. The association of high blood pressure with increasing WC was seen in several studies. The association of other cardio-metabolic risk factors was seen in some studies. CONCLUSION Whatever the definition used for abdominal obesity and whatever the methods used for anthropometric measurements, central body fat deposition in children and adolescents increases the risk of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Therefore, more attention should be paid to abdominal obesity of children and adolescents both in clinical practice and in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roya Kelishadi
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parisa Mirmoghtadaee
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hananeh Najafi
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Keikha
- Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran,Address for correspondence: Mr. Mojtaba Keikha, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jerib Avenue, Isfahan, Iran. E-mail:
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Pereira DCR, de Araújo MFM, de Freitas RWJF, Teixeira CRDS, Zanetti ML, Damasceno MMC. Neck circumference as a potential marker of metabolic syndrome among college students. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 2014; 22:973-9. [PMID: 25591092 PMCID: PMC4309232 DOI: 10.1590/0104-1169.3565.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to relate neck circumference with metabolic syndrome and its criteria among college students. METHOD cross-sectional study conducted with 702 college students in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil from September 2010 to June 2011. Socio-demographic data, waist circumference and neck circumference were collected together with blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, triglyceride levels, and HDL-C. RESULTS 1.7% of the studied sample presented metabolic syndrome. Of these, 58.3% presented altered neck circumference (p<0.006). As neck circumference decreases, pressure levels improve (p<0.001). Additionally, college students with high fasting blood sugar (p=0.003) and high triglyceride levels (p<0.001) presented higher values of neck circumference. CONCLUSION neck circumference is a potential predictive marker in the detection of metabolic syndrome and its components among college students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Flávio Moura de Araújo
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da
Integração Internacional da Lusofonia Afro Brasileira, Redenção, CE,
Brasil
| | | | - Carla Regina de Souza Teixeira
- PhD, Associate Professor, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto,
Universidade de São Paulo, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development,
Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Zanetti
- PhD, Associate Professor, Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto,
Universidade de São Paulo, WHO Collaborating Centre for Nursing Research Development,
Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marta Maria Coelho Damasceno
- PhD, Adjunct Professor, Faculdade de Farmácia Odontologia e Enfermagem,
Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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