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Zhang L, Liu K, Liu Z, Tao H, Fu X, Hou J, Jia G, Hou Y. In pre-clinical study fetal hypoxia caused autophagy and mitochondrial impairment in ovary granulosa cells mitigated by melatonin supplement. J Adv Res 2024; 64:15-30. [PMID: 37956860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fetal hypoxia has long-term effects on postnatal reproductive functions and the mitochondrial impairments of ovarian granulosa cells may be one of the causes. Melatonin applied to mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy in mammalian cells has been reported. However, the potential mechanisms by which fetal hypoxia damages reproductive function in neonatal female mice and the melatonin effects on this problem remain unclear. OBJECTIVES This research aimed to explore the mechanism that fetal hypoxia damages reproductive function in neonatal female mice and attempt to improve the reproductive function by treating with melatonin in vivo and in vitro. METHODS We established a fetal hypoxia model and confirmed that fetal hypoxia affects ovarian function by inducing GC excessive autophagy. Transcriptomic analysis, gene interference, cell immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry and western blot were conducted to explore and verify the underlying mechanisms in mice GCs and KGN cells. Finally, melatonin treatment was executed on hypoxia-treated mice GCs and KGN cells and melatonin injection to fetal-hypoxia-treated mice to determine its effect. RESULTS The results of in vitro experiments found that fetal hypoxia led to mitochondrial dysfunction in ovarian GCs causing autophagic cell death. And the PI3K/Akt/FoxO pathway mediated the occurrence of this process by transcriptome analysis of ovarian GCs from normal and fetal hypoxia mice, which was further verified in mice GCs and KGN cells. Additionally, melatonin administration prevented autophagic injuries and mitochondrial impairments in hypoxia-treated mice GCs and KGN cells. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments by melatonin injection ameliorated oxidative stress of ovary in fetal-hypoxia-treated mice and improved their low fertility. CONCLUSION Our data found that fetal hypoxia causes ovarian GCs excessive autophagy leading to low fertility in neonatal female mice and mitigated by melatonin. These results provide a potential therapy for hypoxic stress-related reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Kexiong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiping Tao
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Sheep Genetic Improvement and Healthy Breeding, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences, Shihezi, China
| | - Jian Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Gongxue Jia
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Ecological Genomics, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
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Li Y, Li Z, Ren Y, Lei Y, Yang S, Shi Y, Peng H, Yang W, Guo T, Yu Y, Xiong Y. Mitochondrial-derived peptides in cardiovascular disease: Novel insights and therapeutic opportunities. J Adv Res 2024; 64:99-115. [PMID: 38008175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs) represent a recently discovered family of peptides encoded by short open reading frames (ORFs) found within mitochondrial genes. This group includes notable members including humanin (HN), mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rDNA type-c (MOTS-c), and small humanin-like peptides 1-6 (SHLP1-6). MDPs assume pivotal roles in the regulation of diverse cellular processes, encompassing apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, which are all essential for sustaining cellular viability and normal physiological functions. Their emerging significance extends beyond this, prompting a deeper exploration into their multifaceted roles and potential applications. AIM OF REVIEW This review aims to comprehensively explore the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. It seeks to elucidate the central roles and underlying mechanisms by which MDPs participate in the onset and development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), bridging the connections between cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, the review highlights recent advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in CVD diagnosis and treatment. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW MDPs levels are diminished with aging and in the presence of CVDs, rendering them potential new indicators for the diagnosis of CVDs. Also, MDPs may represent a novel and promising strategy for CVD therapy. In this review, we delve into the biogenesis, various types, and diverse functions of MDPs. We aim to shed light on the pivotal roles and the underlying mechanisms through which MDPs contribute to the onset and advancement of CVDs connecting cell apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. We also provide insights into the current advancements in clinical research related to the utilization of MDPs in the treatment of CVDs. This review may provide valuable information with MDPs for CVD diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Zhuozhuo Li
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Ying Lei
- School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Silong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yuqi Shi
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Han Peng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Weijie Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Yi Yu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China; School of Medicine, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Yuyan Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, Shaanxi, PR China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases, Xi'an No.3 Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, 710018 Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Jiao A, Liu H, Wang H, Yu J, Gong L, Zhang H, Fu L. piR112710 attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy through inhibiting Txnip/NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in db/db mice. Cell Signal 2024; 122:111333. [PMID: 39102928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are involved in the regulation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, heart failure and myocardial methylation. However, their functions and the underlying molecular mechanisms in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) have yet to be fully elucidated. In the present study, a pyroptosis-associated piRNA (piR112710) was identified that ameliorates cardiac remodeling through targeting the activation of inflammasomes and mitochondrial dysfunction that are mediated via the thioredoxin-interacting protein (Txnip)/NLRP3 signaling axis. Subsequently, the cardioprotective effects of piR112710 on both the myocardium from db/db mice and cardiomyocytes from neonatal mice that were incubated with a high concentration of glucose combined with palmitate were examined. piR112710 was found to significantly improve cardiac dysfunction in db/db mice, characterized by improved echocardiography, lower levels of fibrosis, attenuated expression levels of inflammatory factors and pyroptosis-associated proteins (namely, Txnip, ASC, NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD-N), and enhanced myocardial mitochondrial respiratory functions. In cultured neonatal mice cardiomyocytes, piR112710 deficiency and high glucose along with palmitate treatment led to significantly upregulated expression levels of pyroptosis associated proteins and collagens, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction and increased levels of inflammatory factors. Supplementation with piR112710, however, led to a reversal of the aforementioned changes induced by high glucose and palmitate. Mechanistically, the cardioprotective effect of piR112710 appears to be dependent upon effective elimination of reactive oxygen species and inactivation of the Txnip/NLRP3 signaling axis. Taken together, the findings of the present study have revealed that the piRNA-mediated inhibitory mechanism involving the Txnip/NLRP3 axis may participate in the regulation of pyroptosis, which protects against DCM both in vivo and in vitro. piR112710 may therefore be a potential therapeutic target for the reduction of myocardial injury caused by cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ande Jiao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huaxing Liu
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China
| | - Huihui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Qiqihar First Hospital, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161041, China
| | - Jiaqi Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, China
| | - Lu Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154003, China
| | - Honglian Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161003, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
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Zhang X, Dong X, Jie H, Li S, Li H, Su Y, Li L, Kang L, Dong B, Zhang Y. Downregulation of the (pro)renin receptor alleviates ferroptosis-associated cardiac pathological changes via the NCOA 4-mediated ferritinophagy pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 138:112605. [PMID: 38963979 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, characterized by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation, is involved in various cardiovascular diseases. (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) in performs as ligands in the autophagic process, and its function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is not fully understood. We investigated whether PRR promotes ferroptosis through the nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA 4)-mediated ferritinophagy pathway and thus contributes to DCM. We first established a mouse model of DCM with downregulated and upregulated PRR expression and used a ferroptosis inhibitor. Myocardial inflammation and fibrosis levels were then measured, cardiac function and ferroptosis-related indices were assessed. In vitro, neonatal rat ventricular primary cardiomyocytes were cultured with high glucose and transfected with recombinant adenoviruses knocking down or overexpressing the PRR, along with a ferroptosis inhibitor and small interfering RNA for the ferritinophagy receptor, NCOA4. Ferroptosis levels were measured in vitro. The results showed that the knockdown of PRR not only alleviated cardiomyocyte ferroptosis in vivo but also mitigated the HG-induced ferroptosis in vitro. Moreover, administration of Fer-1 can inhibit HG-induced ferroptosis. NCOA4 knockdown blocked the effect of PRR on ferroptosis and improved cell survival. Our result indicated that inhibition of PRR and NCOA4 expression provides a new therapeutic strategy for the treatment of DCM. The effect of PRR on the pathological process of DCM in mice may be in promoting cardiomyocyte ferroptosis through the NCOA 4-mediated ferritinophagy pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- XinYu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - XueFei Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - HaiPeng Jie
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - ShengNan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - HuiXin Li
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250021, China
| | - YuDong Su
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China
| | - Li Kang
- Division of Cellular and Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China; Department of Cardiology, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250021, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250021, China.
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Zhu J, Wang JX, Jin ZY, Li D, Qi S, Han SZ, Chang SY, Yan J, Kang JD, Quan LH. Eicosatrienoic acid inhibits estradiol synthesis through the CD36/FOXO1/CYP19A1 signaling pathway to improve PCOS in mice. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 229:116517. [PMID: 39236935 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common metabolic and endocrine disorder characterized by abnormal elevation in hormone levels, with currently lacking effective treatment options. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have broad pharmacological activity and play a beneficial role in the development of PCOS. In this study, we observed that n-3 PUFA-eicosatrienoic acid (ETA) improves the estrous cycle and ovarian morphology in dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)-induced PCOS mice, particularly serum hormone levels. Additionally, it suppresses the expression of CYP19A1 and E2 synthesis in human granulosa-like tumor cell line (KGN) cells. Further investigation revealed that ETA significantly upregulates the expression of CD36, cAMP, P-PKA, and FOXO1 in KGN cells and mouse ovaries to lower E2 levels. This conclusion was supported by inhibiting CD36 and FOXO1 at both the mouse and cellular levels. Additionally, ETA treatment decreased the expression of ESR1, Kiss1, Gnrh in the hypothalamus, and GnRHR, Lhβ, Egr1, Pitx1, Sf1 in the pituitary of PCOS mice. No differences were observed after ETA treatment in the CD36 and FOXO1 inhibitor groups, indicating that ETA improves PCOS mice by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary axis through E2 synthesis inhibition. In summary, we have elucidated for the first time the mechanism by which CD36 regulates E2 synthesis in ovarian granulosa cells and demonstrated that ETA activates the CD36 receptor to inhibit E2 synthesis through the cAMP/PKA/FOXO1/CYP19A1 signaling pathway, thereby improving hormonal imbalance and treating PCOS. This provides a new strategy for the effective prevention and treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhu
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Shaobo Qi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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Zhang K, Li Y, Ge X, Meng L, Kong J, Meng X. Regulatory T cells protect against diabetic cardiomyopathy in db/db mice. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:1191-1201. [PMID: 38943657 PMCID: PMC11363098 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Regulatory T cells (Tregs) have protected against many cardiovascular diseases. This study was intended to explore the effect of Tregs on diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) using a db/db mouse model. MATERIALS AND METHODS Eight-week-old male db/db mice were randomly divided into four groups: the control group, administered 200 μL phosphate-buffered saline; the small-dose Treg group, administered 105 Tregs; the large-dose Treg group, administered 106 Tregs; and the PC group, administered 100 μg anti-CD25 specific antibody (PC61) and 106 Tregs. After 12 weeks, mice were euthanized. Transthoracic echocardiography was carried out at the beginning and end of the experiment. Relevant basic experiments to evaluate the effects of Tregs on DCM were carried out. RESULTS Echocardiography showed that the impaired diastolic and systolic functions were significantly improved in mice administered large-dose Tregs. Large-dose Tregs significantly ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, and decreased hypertrophic gene expression and collagen deposition. The protective effects of Tregs on diabetic hearts were associated with decreased oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptosis. In addition, Tregs promoted the activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B signaling pathway, whereas they inhibited extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and Jun N-terminal kinase phosphorylation, which might be responsible for the cardioprotective role of Tregs against DCM. CONCLUSIONS Tregs ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy and fibrosis, improved cardiac dysfunction, and protected against DCM progression in db/db mice. The mechanisms involved a decrease of inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis, which might be mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-protein kinase B and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Hence, Tregs might serve as a promising therapeutic approach for DCM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Yunyi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiao Ge
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
- Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital (Qingdao), Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Linlin Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Jing Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Xiao Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Ministry of Education of China, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
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Shafaati T, Gopal K. Forkhead box O1 transcription factor; a therapeutic target for diabetic cardiomyopathy. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES : A PUBLICATION OF THE CANADIAN SOCIETY FOR PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES, SOCIETE CANADIENNE DES SCIENCES PHARMACEUTIQUES 2024; 27:13193. [PMID: 39206323 PMCID: PMC11349536 DOI: 10.3389/jpps.2024.13193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease including diabetic cardiomyopathy (DbCM) represents the leading cause of death in people with diabetes. DbCM is defined as ventricular dysfunction in the absence of underlying vascular diseases and/or hypertension. The known molecular mediators of DbCM are multifactorial, including but not limited to insulin resistance, altered energy metabolism, lipotoxicity, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and autophagy. FoxO1, a prominent member of forkhead box O transcription factors, is involved in regulating various cellular processes in different tissues. Altered FoxO1 expression and activity have been associated with cardiovascular diseases in diabetic subjects. Herein we provide an overview of the role of FoxO1 in various molecular mediators related to DbCM, such as altered energy metabolism, lipotoxicity, oxidative stress, and cell death. Furthermore, we provide valuable insights into its therapeutic potential by targeting these perturbations to alleviate cardiomyopathy in settings of type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanin Shafaati
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Keshav Gopal
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Alberta Diabetes Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Li Y, Kong E, Ding R, Chu R, Lu J, Deng M, Hua T, Yang M, Wang H, Chen D, Song H, Wei H, Zhang P, Han C, Yuan H. Hyperglycemia-induced Sirt3 downregulation increases microglial aerobic glycolysis and inflammation in diabetic neuropathic pain pathogenesis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14913. [PMID: 39123294 PMCID: PMC11315676 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperglycemia-induced neuroinflammation significantly contributes to diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP), but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of Sirt3, a mitochondrial deacetylase, in hyperglycemia-induced neuroinflammation and DNP and to explore potential therapeutic interventions. METHOD AND RESULTS Here, we found that Sirt3 was downregulated in spinal dorsal horn (SDH) of diabetic mice by RNA-sequencing, which was further confirmed at the mRNA and protein level. Sirt3 deficiency exacerbated hyperglycemia-induced neuroinflammation and DNP by enhancing microglial aerobic glycolysis in vivo and in vitro. Overexpression of Sirt3 in microglia alleviated inflammation by reducing aerobic glycolysis. Mechanistically, high-glucose stimulation activated Akt, which phosphorylates and inactivates FoxO1. The inactivation of FoxO1 diminished the transcription of Sirt3. Besides that, we also found that hyperglycemia induced Sirt3 degradation via the mitophagy-lysosomal pathway. Blocking Akt activation by GSK69093 or metformin rescued the degradation of Sirt3 protein and transcription inhibition of Sirt3 mRNA, which substantially diminished hyperglycemia-induced inflammation. Metformin in vivo treatment alleviated neuroinflammation and diabetic neuropathic pain by rescuing hyperglycemia-induced Sirt3 downregulation. CONCLUSION Hyperglycemia induces metabolic reprogramming and inflammatory activation in microglia through the regulation of Sirt3 transcription and degradation. This novel mechanism identifies Sirt3 as a potential drug target for treating DNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongchang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Erliang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- Department of AnesthesiologyThe 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation ArmyZhengzhouHenanChina
| | - Ruifeng Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruitong Chu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinfang Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mengqiu Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Tong Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Dashuang Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Honghao Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Huawei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Naval Medical Center of PLANaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Chaofeng Han
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Cell EngineeringNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Immunity & InflammationNaval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hongbin Yuan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Changzheng HospitalSecond Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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Boothe PF, Kumar VP, Kong Y, Wang K, Levinson H, Mu D, Brown ML. Radiation Induced Skin Fibrosis (RISF): Opportunity for Angiotensin II-Dependent Intervention. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:8261. [PMID: 39125831 PMCID: PMC11312688 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25158261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Medical procedures, such as radiation therapy, are a vital element in treating many cancers, significantly contributing to improved survival rates. However, a common long-term complication of such exposure is radiation-induced skin fibrosis (RISF), a complex condition that poses substantial physical and psychological challenges. Notably, about 50% of patients undergoing radiation therapy may achieve long-term remission, resulting in a significant number of survivors managing the aftereffects of their treatment. This article delves into the intricate relationship between RISF, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and angiotensin II (Ang II) signaling. It proposes the underlying mechanisms and examines potential treatments for mitigating skin fibrosis. The primary goal is to offer essential insights in order to better care for and improve the quality of life of cancer survivors who face the risk of developing RISF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia F. Boothe
- Department of Internal Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Vidya P. Kumar
- Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, The Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Yali Kong
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.K.); (D.M.)
| | - Howard Levinson
- The Center for Plastic Surgery at Sentara, 301 Riverview Ave. #400, Norfolk, VA 23510, USA;
| | - David Mu
- Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA; (Y.K.); (D.M.)
- Leroy T. Canoles Jr. Cancer Research Center, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Milton L. Brown
- Department of Internal Medicine, Macon & Joan Brock Virginia Health Sciences at Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
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10
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Li S, Ren W, Zheng J, Li S, Zhi K, Gao L. Role of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification in oxidative stress-induced autophagy: a novel target for bone remodeling. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:358. [PMID: 38987770 PMCID: PMC11238385 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification (O-GlcNAcylation) is a dynamic post-translational modification (PTM) involving the covalent binding of serine and/or threonine residues, which regulates bone cell homeostasis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are increased due to oxidative stress in various pathological contexts related to bone remodeling, such as osteoporosis, arthritis, and bone fracture. Autophagy serves as a scavenger for ROS within bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts. However, oxidative stress-induced autophagy is affected by the metabolic status, leading to unfavorable clinical outcomes. O-GlcNAcylation can regulate the autophagy process both directly and indirectly through oxidative stress-related signaling pathways, ultimately improving bone remodeling. The present interventions for the bone remodeling process often focus on promoting osteogenesis or inhibiting osteoclast absorption, ignoring the effect of PTM on the overall process of bone remodeling. This review explores how O-GlcNAcylation synergizes with autophagy to exert multiple regulatory effects on bone remodeling under oxidative stress stimulation, indicating the application of O-GlcNAcylation as a new molecular target in the field of bone remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengqian Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Wenhao Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Jingjing Zheng
- Department of Endodontics, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Shaoming Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China
| | - Keqian Zhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- School of Stomatology, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266555, China.
- Key Laboratory of Oral Clinical Medicine, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266003, China.
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11
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Zhang Y, Wang M, Tang L, Yang W, Zhang J. FoxO1 silencing in Atp7b -/- neural stem cells attenuates high copper-induced apoptosis via regulation of autophagy. J Neurochem 2024. [PMID: 38837406 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.16136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Wilson disease (WD) is a severely autosomal genetic disorder triggered by dysregulated copper metabolism. Autophagy and apoptosis share common modulators that process cellular death. Emerging evidences suggest that Forkhead Box O1 over-expression (FoxO1-OE) aggravates abnormal autophagy and apoptosis to induce neuronal injury. However, the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. Herein, the aim of this study was to investigate how regulating FoxO1 affects cellular autophagy and apoptosis to attenuate neuronal injury in a well-established WD cell model, the high concentration copper sulfate (CuSO4, HC)-triggered Atp7b-/- (Knockout, KO) neural stem cell (NSC) lines. The FoxO1-OE plasmid, or siRNA-FoxO1 (siFoxO1) plasmid, or empty vector plasmid was stably transfected with recombinant lentiviral vectors into HC-induced Atp7b-/- NSCs. Toxic effects of excess deposited copper on wild-type (WT), Atp7b-/- WD mouse hippocampal NSCs were tested by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8). Subsequently, the FoxO1 expression was evaluated by immunofluorescence (IF) assay, western blot (WB) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis. Meanwhile, the cell autophagy and apoptosis were evaluated by flow cytometry (FC), TUNEL staining, 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA), JC-1, WB, and qRT-PCR. The current study demonstrated a strong rise in FoxO1 levels in HC-treated Atp7b-/- NSCs, accompanied with dysregulated autophagy and hyperactive apoptosis. Also, it was observed that cell viability was significantly decreased with the over-expressed FoxO1 in HC-treated Atp7b-/- WD model. As intended, silencing FoxO1 effectively inhibited abnormal autophagy in HC-treated Atp7b-/- NSCs, as depicted by a decline in LC3II/I, Beclin-1, ATG3, ATG7, ATG13, and ATG16, whereas simultaneously increasing P62. In addition, silencing FoxO1 suppressed apoptosis via diminishing oxidative stress (OS), and mitochondrial dysfunction in HC-induced Atp7b-/- NSCs. Collectively, these results clearly demonstrate the silencing FoxO1 has the neuroprotective role of suppressing aberrant cellular autophagy and apoptosis, which efficiently attenuates neuronal injury in WD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Department of Graduate School, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Meixia Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Lulu Tang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Wenming Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
- Center for Xin'an Medicine and Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine of IHM, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China
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12
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Li J, Xie Y, Zheng S, He H, Wang Z, Li X, Jiao S, Liu D, Yang F, Zhao H, Li P, Sun Y. Targeting autophagy in diabetic cardiomyopathy: From molecular mechanisms to pharmacotherapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 175:116790. [PMID: 38776677 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiac microvascular complication caused by metabolic disorders. It is characterized by myocardial remodeling and dysfunction. The pathogenesis of DCM is associated with abnormal cellular metabolism and organelle accumulation. Autophagy is thought to play a key role in the diabetic heart, and a growing body of research suggests that modulating autophagy may be a potential therapeutic strategy for DCM. Here, we have summarized the major signaling pathways involved in the regulation of autophagy in DCM, including Adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), Forkhead box subfamily O proteins (FOXOs), Sirtuins (SIRTs), and PTEN-inducible kinase 1 (PINK1)/Parkin. Given the significant role of autophagy in DCM, we further identified natural products and chemical drugs as regulators of autophagy in the treatment of DCM. This review may help to better understand the autophagy mechanism of drugs for DCM and promote their clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shuwen Zheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Haoming He
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xuexi Li
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siqi Jiao
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Furong Yang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Ping Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
| | - Yihong Sun
- Department of Cardiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital (Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China; Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China.
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13
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Zhang F, Geng L, Zhang J, Han S, Guo M, Xu Y, Chen C. miR-486-5p diagnosed atrial fibrillation, predicted the risk of left atrial fibrosis, and regulated angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis via modulating PI3K/Akt signaling through targeting FOXO1. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-05027-8. [PMID: 38782834 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05027-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study focused on miR-486-5p in atrial fibrillation (AF) evaluating its clinical significance and revealing its regulatory mechanism in cardiac fibroblasts, aiming to explore a novel biomarker for AF. The study enrolled 131 AF patients and 77 non-AF individuals. With the help of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the expression of miR-486-5p was evaluated. The significance of miR-486-5p in the diagnosis of AF and the occurrence of left atrial fibrosis (LAF) was assessed by receiver operating curve (ROC) and logistic analyses. The regulatory effect and mechanism of miR-486-5p on cardiac fibrosis were investigated in human cardiac fibroblasts treated with angiotensin II. miR-486-5p was significantly upregulated in AF patients and discriminated AF patients from non-AF individuals. Increasing miR-486-5p showed a significant association with decreasing left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), increasing left atrial diameter (LAD) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd), and the high incidence of LAF in AF patients. Moreover, miR-486-5p was identified as a risk factor for LAF and could distinguish AF patients with LAF and without LAF. In cardiac fibroblasts, angiotensin II induced the upregulation of miR-486-5p and promoted cell proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis. miR-486-5p negatively regulated forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) and its knockdown could reverse the promoted effect of angiotensin II. FOXO1 alleviated the effect of miR-486-5p, and the miR-486-5p/FOXO1 could activate PI3K/Akt signaling. The activation of PI3K/Akt signaling alleviated the enhanced proliferation, migration, and collagen synthesis of cardiac fibroblasts induced by angiotensin II, and its inhibition showed opposite effects. Increased miR-486-5p served as a biomarker for the diagnosis and development prediction of AF. miR-486-5p regulated cardiac fibroblast viability and collagen synthesis via modulating the PI3K/Akt signaling through targeting FOXO1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Geng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Siliang Han
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengya Guo
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaxin Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunhong Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, No. 212, Yuhua East Road, Baoding, 071000, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Li Y, Zhao K, Hu Y, Yang F, Li P, Liu Y. MicroRNA-142-3p alleviated high salt-induced cardiac fibrosis via downregulating optineurin-mediated mitophagy. iScience 2024; 27:109764. [PMID: 38726368 PMCID: PMC11079474 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
High salt can induce cardiac damage. The aim of this present study was to explore the effect and the mechanism of microRNA (miR)-142-3p on the cardiac fibrosis induced by high salt. Rats received high salt diet to induce cardiac fibrosis in vivo, and neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts (NRCF) treated with sodium chloride (NaCl) to induce fibrosis in vitro. The fibrosis and mitochondrial autophagy levels were increased the heart and NRCF treated with NaCl, which were alleviated by miR-142-3p upregulation. The fibrosis and mitochondrial autophagy levels were elevated in NRCF after treating with miR-142-3p antagomiR. Optineurin (OPTN) expression was increased in the mitochondria of NRCF induced by NaCl, which was attenuated by miR-142-3p agomiR. OPTN downregulation inhibited the increases of fibrosis and mitochondrial autophagy levels induced by NaCl in NRCF. These results miR-142-3p could alleviate high salt-induced cardiac fibrosis via downregulation of OPTN to reduce mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Cardiology, The People’s Hospital of Qijiang District, Qijiang, Chongqin, China
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yifang Hu
- Department of Information, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengze Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Information, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.300 Guang Zhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, China
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Biomedical Engineering and Informatics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
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15
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Cheng Y, Yan M, He S, Xie Y, Wei L, Xuan B, Shang Z, Wu M, Zheng H, Chen Y, Yuan M, Peng J, Shen A. Baicalin alleviates angiotensin II-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy and modulates the AMPK/mTOR pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18321. [PMID: 38712979 PMCID: PMC11075640 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
As a main extraction compound from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Baicalin exhibits various biological activities. However, the underlying mechanism of Baicalin on hypertension-induced heart injury remains unclear. In vivo, mice were infused with angiotensin II (Ang II; 500 ng/kg/min) or saline using osmotic pumps, followed by intragastrically administrated with Baicalin (5 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks. In vitro, H9C2 cells were stimulated with Ang II (1 μM) and treated with Baicalin (12.5, 25 and 50 μM). Baicalin treatment significantly attenuated the decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening, increase in left ventricular mass, left ventricular systolic volume and left ventricular diastolic volume of Ang II infused mice. Moreover, Baicalin treatment reversed 314 differentially expressed transcripts in the cardiac tissues of Ang II infused mice, and enriched multiple enriched signalling pathways (including apoptosis, autophagy, AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway). Consistently, Baicalin treatment significantly alleviated Ang II-induced cell apoptosis in vivo and in vitro. Baicalin treatment reversed the up-regulation of Bax, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 9, and the down-regulation of Bcl-2. Meanwhile, Baicalin treatment alleviated Ang II-induced increase of autophagosomes, restored autophagic flux, and down-regulated LC3II, Beclin 1, as well as up-regulated SQSTM1/p62 expression. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine treatment alleviated the increase of autophagosomes and the up-regulation of Beclin 1, LC3II, Bax, cleaved-caspase 3, cleaved-caspase 9, down-regulation of SQSTM1/p62 and Bcl-2 expression after Ang II treated, which similar to co-treatment with Baicalin. Baicalin treatment reduced the ratio of p-AMPK/AMPK, while increased the ratio of p-mTOR/mTOR. Baicalin alleviated Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy, which might be related to the inhibition of the AMPK/mTOR pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Cheng
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Mengchao Yan
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Shuyu He
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Yi Xie
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
- Innovation and Transformation CenterFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Bihan Xuan
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Zucheng Shang
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Meizhu Wu
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Huifang Zheng
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
- Innovation and Transformation CenterFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Youqin Chen
- Department of PediatricsRainbow Babies and Children's Hospital and Case Western Reserve University School of MedicineClevelandOhioUSA
| | - Meng Yuan
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
- Innovation and Transformation CenterFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
- Innovation and Transformation CenterFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative MedicineFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on GeriatricsFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
- Fujian Collaborative Innovation Center for Integrative Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Major Chronic Cardiovascular DiseasesFuzhouFujianChina
- Innovation and Transformation CenterFujian University of Traditional Chinese MedicineFuzhouFujianChina
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16
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Liu B, Wei Y, He J, Feng B, Chen Y, Guo R, Griffin MD, Hynes SO, Shen S, Liu Y, Cui H, Ma J, O'Brien T. Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells improve myocardial fibrosis and restore miRNA-133a expression in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:120. [PMID: 38659015 PMCID: PMC11040946 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03715-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious health-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by myocardial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) are a potential therapeutic tool for DCM and myocardial fibrosis via mechanisms such as the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression and inflammation. It remains unclear, however, whether hUC-MSC therapy has beneficial effects on cardiac function following different durations of diabetes and which mechanistic aspects of DCM are modulated by hUC-MSC administration at different stages of its development. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of intravenous administration of hUC-MSCs on DCM following different durations of hyperglycemia in an experimental male model of diabetes and to determine the effects on expression of candidate miRNAs, target mRNA and inflammatory mediators. METHODS A male mouse model of diabetes was induced by multiple low-dose streptozotocin injections. The effects on severity of DCM of intravenous injections of hUC-MSCs and saline two weeks previously were compared at 10 and 18 weeks after diabetes induction. At both time-points, biochemical assays, echocardiography, histopathology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used to analyze blood glucose, body weight, cardiac structure and function, degree of myocardial fibrosis and expression of fibrosis-related mRNA, miRNA and inflammatory mediators. RESULTS Saline-treated diabetic male mice had impaired cardiac function and increased cardiac fibrosis after 10 and 18 weeks of diabetes. At both time-points, cardiac dysfunction and fibrosis were improved in hUC-MSC-treated mice. Pro-fibrotic indicators (α-SMA, collagen I, collagen III, Smad3, Smad4) were reduced and anti-fibrotic mediators (FGF-1, miRNA-133a) were increased in hearts of diabetic animals receiving hUC-MSCs compared to saline. Increased blood levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF, IL-1β) and increased cardiac expression of IL-6 were also observed in saline-treated mice and were reduced by hUC-MSCs at both time-points, but to a lesser degree at 18 weeks. CONCLUSION Intravenous injection of hUC-MSCs ameliorated key functional and structural features of DCM in male mice with diabetes of shorter and longer duration. Mechanistically, these effects were associated with restoration of intra-myocardial expression of miRNA-133a and its target mRNA COL1AI as well as suppression of systemic and localized inflammatory mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxin Liu
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yan Wei
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baofeng Feng
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yimeng Chen
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruiyun Guo
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China
| | - Matthew D Griffin
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Seán O Hynes
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sanbing Shen
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China.
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China.
- Hebei International Joint Research Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Hebei Province, China.
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University-University of Galway, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, 050017, China.
- Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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17
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Ávila-Martínez DV, Mixtega-Ruiz WK, Hurtado-Capetillo JM, Lopez-Franco O, Flores-Muñoz M. Counter-regulatory RAS peptides: new therapy targets for inflammation and fibrotic diseases? Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1377113. [PMID: 38666016 PMCID: PMC11044688 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1377113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is an important cascade of enzymes and peptides that regulates blood pressure, volume, and electrolytes. Within this complex system of reactions, its counter-regulatory axis has attracted attention, which has been associated with the pathophysiology of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. This review article analyzes the impact of different components of the counter-regulatory axis of the RAS on different pathologies. Of these peptides, Angiotensin-(1-7), angiotensin-(1-9) and alamandine have been evaluated in a wide variety of in vitro and in vivo studies, where not only they counteract the actions of the classical axis, but also exhibit independent anti-inflammatory and fibrotic actions when binding to specific receptors, mainly in heart, kidney, and lung. Other functional peptides are also addressed, which despite no reports associated with inflammation and fibrosis to date were found, they could represent a potential target of study. Furthermore, the association of agonists of the counter-regulatory axis is analyzed, highlighting their contribution to the modulation of the inflammatory response counteracting the development of fibrotic events. This article shows an overview of the importance of the RAS in the resolution of inflammatory and fibrotic diseases, offering an understanding of the individual components as potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana V Ávila-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Wendy K Mixtega-Ruiz
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas, Centro Tlaxcala de Biología de la Conducta, Universidad Autónoma de Tlaxcala, Tlaxcala, Mexico
| | | | - Oscar Lopez-Franco
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
| | - Mónica Flores-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
- Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico
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18
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Wei W, Li C, Zhang B, Huang D, Li Z, Gao J. Total Glucosides of Paeony Ameliorate Myocardial Injury in Chronic Heart Failure Rats by Suppressing PARP-1. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024; 17:388-402. [PMID: 37831380 PMCID: PMC11052853 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-023-10440-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Total glucosides of paeony (TGP) have a potential protective effect on chronic heart failure (CHF) rats, but the mechanism remains unclear. PARP inhibition prevents the decrease in myocardial contractility. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effects and mechanisms of TGP on CHF and the role of PARP-1 in CHF. Left anterior descending ligation rats and adriamycin-treated H9C9 cells were used as CHF models, and captopril as a positive control for in vivo experiments. We found that TGP alleviated myocardial remodeling and improved cardiac morphology and function. TGP also reduced myocardial apoptosis and autophagy, decreased inflammatory factor release, and inhibited the PARP-1 and NF-κB proteins. Through cell transfection, we found that PAPR-1 knockdown inhibited NF-κB nuclear translocation. Additionally, TGP inhibited apoptosis, autophagy, and inflammation in CHF cells, while PARP-1 overexpression partially antagonized them. In conclusion, TGP has the potential to improve CHF and PARP-1 may be a potential target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Wei
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199, Shixin Nan Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Caiyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199, Shixin Nan Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Baoyong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199, Shixin Nan Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Deyun Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199, Shixin Nan Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheming Li
- College of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 481, Binwen Road, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Jiaer Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, No. 199, Shixin Nan Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, 311200, Zhejiang, China.
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19
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Jia Y, Yu Y, Gao C, Li Y, Li C, Ding Z, Kong Q, Liu L. Roles of heat shock protein A12A in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cell Stress Chaperones 2024; 29:272-284. [PMID: 38485044 PMCID: PMC10972809 DOI: 10.1016/j.cstres.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-term hyperglycemia can lead to diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), a main lethal complication of diabetes. However, the mechanisms underlying DCM development have not been fully elucidated. Heat shock protein A12A (HSPA12A) is the atypic member of the Heat shock 70kDa protein family. In the present study, we found that the expression of HSPA12A was upregulated in the hearts of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes, while ablation of HSPA12A improved cardiac systolic and diastolic dysfunction and increased cumulative survival of diabetic mice. An increased expression of HSPA12A was also found in H9c2 cardiac cells following treatment with high glucose (HG), while overexpression of HSPA12A-enhanced the HG-induced cardiac cell death, as reflected by higher levels of propidium iodide cells, lactate dehydrogenase leakage, and caspase 3 cleavage. Moreover, the HG-induced increase of oxidative stress, as indicated by dihydroethidium staining, was exaggerated by HSPA12A overexpression. Further studies demonstrated that the HG-induced increases of protein kinase B and forkhead box transcription factors 1 phosphorylation were diminished by HSPA12A overexpression, while pharmacologically inhibition of protein kinase B further enhanced the HG-induced lactate dehydrogenase leakage in HSPA12A overexpressed cardiac cells. Together, the results suggest that hyperglycemia upregulated HSPA12A expression in cardiac cells, by which induced cell death to promote DCM development. Targeting HSPA12A may serve as a potential approach for DCM management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxiao Jia
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yunhao Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxi Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuehua Li
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Departments of Surgery, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Zhengnian Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiuyue Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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20
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Yuan W, Lin H, Sun Y, Liu L, Yan M, Song Y, Zhang X, Lu X, Xu Y, He Q, Ouyang K, Zhang C, Pan Y, Huang Y, Li Y, Lu X, Liu J. Myocardin reverses insulin resistance and ameliorates cardiomyopathy by increasing IRS-1 expression in a murine model of lipodystrophy caused by adipose deficiency of vacuolar H +-ATPase V0d1 subunit. Theranostics 2024; 14:2246-2264. [PMID: 38505620 PMCID: PMC10945344 DOI: 10.7150/thno.93192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Aim: Adipose tissue (AT) dysfunction that occurs in both obesity and lipodystrophy is associated with the development of cardiomyopathy. However, it is unclear how dysfunctional AT induces cardiomyopathy due to limited animal models available. We have identified vacuolar H+-ATPase subunit Vod1, encoded by Atp6v0d1, as a master regulator of adipogenesis, and adipose-specific deletion of Atp6v0d1 (Atp6v0d1AKO) in mice caused generalized lipodystrophy and spontaneous cardiomyopathy. Using this unique animal model, we explore the mechanism(s) underlying lipodystrophy-related cardiomyopathy. Methods and Results: Atp6v0d1AKO mice developed cardiac hypertrophy at 12 weeks, and progressed to heart failure at 28 weeks. The Atp6v0d1AKO mouse hearts exhibited excessive lipid accumulation and altered lipid and glucose metabolism, which are typical for obesity- and diabetes-related cardiomyopathy. The Atp6v0d1AKO mice developed cardiac insulin resistance evidenced by decreased IRS-1/2 expression in hearts. Meanwhile, the expression of forkhead box O1 (FoxO1), a transcription factor which plays critical roles in regulating cardiac lipid and glucose metabolism, was increased. RNA-seq data and molecular biological assays demonstrated reduced expression of myocardin, a transcription coactivator, in Atp6v0d1AKO mouse hearts. RNA interference (RNAi), luciferase reporter and ChIP-qPCR assays revealed the critical role of myocardin in regulating IRS-1 transcription through the CArG-like element in IRS-1 promoter. Reducing IRS-1 expression with RNAi increased FoxO1 expression, while increasing IRS-1 expression reversed myocardin downregulation-induced FoxO1 upregulation in cardiomyocytes. In vivo, restoring myocardin expression specifically in Atp6v0d1AKO cardiomyocytes increased IRS-1, but decreased FoxO1 expression. As a result, the abnormal expressions of metabolic genes in Atp6v0d1AKO hearts were reversed, and cardiac dysfunctions were ameliorated. Myocardin expression was also reduced in high fat diet-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy and palmitic acid-treated cardiomyocytes. Moreover, increasing systemic insulin resistance with rosiglitazone restored cardiac myocardin expression and improved cardiac functions in Atp6v0d1AKO mice. Conclusion: Atp6v0d1AKO mice are a novel animal model for studying lipodystrophy- or metabolic dysfunction-related cardiomyopathy. Moreover, myocardin serves as a key regulator of cardiac insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis, highlighting myocardin as a potential therapeutic target for treating lipodystrophy- and diabetes-related cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlin Yuan
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Lin
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yuan Sun
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lihuan Liu
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meijuan Yan
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yujuan Song
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhang
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangling Lu
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yipei Xu
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qiyue He
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kunfu Ouyang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chenglin Zhang
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yong Pan
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xifeng Lu
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Division of Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of pathophysiology, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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21
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Liu B, Si J, Qi K, Li D, Li T, Tang Y, Ji E, Yang S. Chronic intermittent hypoxia aggravated diabetic cardiomyopathy through LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 signaling pathway. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296792. [PMID: 38452099 PMCID: PMC10919874 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) may play an important role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the exact mechanism of CIH-induced myocardial injury in DCM remains unclear. In vivo, the db/db mice exposed to CIH were established, and in vitro, the H9C2 cells were exposed to high glucose (HG) combined with intermittent hypoxia (IH). The body weight (BW), fasting blood glucose (FBG) and food intake were measured every two weeks. The glycolipid metabolism was assessed with the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin resistance (IR). Cardiac function was detected by echocardiography. Cardiac pathology was detected by HE staining, Masson staining, and transmission electron microscopy. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in myocardial tissue was detected by dihydroethidium (DHE). The apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining. The cell viability, ROS, and the mitochondrial membrane potential were detected by the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and related kits. Western blotting was used to analyze the liver kinase B1/AMP-activated protein kinase/ nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2) signaling pathway. CIH exposure accelerated glycolipid metabolism disorders and cardiac injury, and increased the level of cardiac oxidative stress and the number of positive apoptotic cells in db/db mice. IH and HG decreased the cell viability and the level of mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased ROS expression in H9C2 cells. These findings indicate that CIH exposure promotes glycolipid metabolism disorders and myocardial apoptosis, aggravating myocardial injury via the LKB1/AMPK/Nrf2 pathway in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Liu
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianchao Si
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kerong Qi
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongli Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingting Li
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Tang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ensheng Ji
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Combined Hydrogen Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shengchang Yang
- Department of Physiology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
- Hebei Technology Innovation Center of TCM Combined Hydrogen Medicine, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of China
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22
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Cheng W, Fu Y, Lin Z, Huang M, Chen Y, Hu Y, Lin Q, Yu B, Liu G. Lipoteichoic acid restrains macrophage senescence via β-catenin/FOXO1/REDD1 pathway in age-related osteoporosis. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e14072. [PMID: 38126583 PMCID: PMC10928565 DOI: 10.1111/acel.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis and its related fractures are common causes of morbidity and mortality in older adults, but its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms remain largely unknown. In this study, we found that lipoteichoic acid (LTA) treatment could ameliorate age-related bone degeneration and attenuate intramedullary macrophage senescence. FOXO1 signaling, which was downregulated and deactivated in aging macrophages, played a key role in the process. Blocking FOXO1 signaling caused decreased REDD1 expression and increased phosphorylation level of mTOR, a major driver of aging, as well as aggravated bone loss and deteriorated macrophage senescence. Moreover, LTA elevated FOXO1 signaling through β-catenin pathway while β-catenin inhibition significantly suppressed FOXO1 signaling, promoted senescence-related protein expression, and accelerated bone degeneration and macrophage senescence. Our findings indicated that β-catenin/FOXO1/REDD1 signaling plays a physiologically significant role that protecting macrophages from senescence during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weike Cheng
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yong Fu
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zexin Lin
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Mouzhang Huang
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yingqi Chen
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanjun Hu
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qingrong Lin
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guanqiao Liu
- Department of OrthopaedicsNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regenerative MedicineNanfang Hospital, Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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23
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Wei S, Liao D, Hu J. Inhibition of miR-144-3p/FOXO1 Attenuates Diabetic Keratopathy Via Modulating Autophagy and Apoptosis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:1. [PMID: 38165707 PMCID: PMC10768711 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Diabetic keratopathy (DK) is a vision-threatening disease that occurs in people with diabetes. Mounting evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) are indispensable in nerve regeneration within DK. Herein, the role of miRNAs associated with DK, especially focusing on autophagy and apoptosis regulation, was investigated. Methods To identify differentially expressed miRNAs, we performed miRNA sequencing on trigeminal ganglion (TG) tissues derived from streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mellitus (T1DM) and normal mice. MiR-144-3p was chosen for the subsequent experiments. To explore the regulatory role of miR-144-3p in DK, miRNA antagomir was utilized to inhibit miR-144-3p expression. Bioinformatic tools were used to predict the target genes of miR-144-3p, and a dual-luciferase reporter assay was then applied for validation. Autophagy and apoptosis activities were measured utilizing TUNEL staining, immunofluorescence staining, and Western blotting. Results Overall, 56 differentially expressed miRNAs were detected in diabetic versus control mice. In the diabetic mouse TG tissue, miR-144-3p expression was aberrantly enhanced, whereas decreasing its expression contributed to improved diabetic corneal re-epithelialization and nerve regeneration. Fork-head Box O1 (FOXO1) was validated as a target gene of miR-144-3p. Overexpression of FOXO1 could prevent both inadequate autophagy and excessive apoptosis in DK. Consistently, a specific miR-144-3p inhibition enhanced autophagy and prevented apoptosis in DK. Conclusions In this study, our research confirmed the target binding relationship between miR-144-3p and FOXO1. Inhibiting miR-144-3p might modulate autophagy and apoptosis, which could generate positive outcomes for corneal nerves via targeting FOXO1 in DK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Danling Liao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianzhang Hu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
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24
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Xu C, Xia L, Xu D, Liu Y, Jin P, Zhai M, Mao Y, Wang Y, Wen A, Yang J, Yang L. Cardioprotective effects of asiaticoside against diabetic cardiomyopathy: Activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18055. [PMID: 38113341 PMCID: PMC10826442 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic microvascular complication of diabetes that is generally defined as ventricular dysfunction occurring in patients with diabetes and unrelated to known causes. Several mechanisms have been proposed to contribute to the occurrence and persistence of DCM, in which oxidative stress and autophagy play a non-negligible role. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. The 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (AMPK/Nrf2) are expressed in the heart, and studies have shown that asiaticoside (ASI) and activated AMPK/Nrf2 have a protective effect on the myocardium. However, the roles of ASI and AMPK/Nrf2 in DCM are unknown. The intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) and high-fat feed were used to establish the DCM models in 100 C57/BL mice. Asiaticoside and inhibitors of AMPK/Nrf2 were used for intervention. Cardiac function, oxidative stress, and autophagy were measured in mice. DCM mice displayed increased levels of oxidative stress while autophagy levels declined. In addition, AMPK/Nrf2 was activated in DCM mice with ASI intervention. Further, we discovered that AMPK/Nrf2 inhibition blocked the protective effect of ASI by compound C and treatment with ML-385. The present study demonstrates that ASI exerts a protective effect against DCM via the potential activation of the AMPK/Nrf2 pathway. Asiaticoside is a potential therapeutic target for DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chennian Xu
- Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica of the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Pharmacology, School of PharmacyAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGeneral Hospital of Northern Theatre CommandShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Lin Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGeneral Hospital of Northern Theatre CommandShenyangLiaoningChina
| | - Dengyue Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular SurgeryGeneral Hospital of Northern Theatre CommandShenyangLiaoningChina
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of MedicineDalian University of TechnologyDalianChina
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Ping Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yu Mao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yiwei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Anguo Wen
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryThe 79th Group Military Hospital of the Chinese People's Liberation ArmyLiaoyangLiaoning ProvinceChina
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing HospitalAir Force Medical UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lifang Yang
- Department of AnesthesiologyXi'an Children's HospitalXi'anShaanxiChina
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Wei C, Shi M, Dong S, Li Z, Zhao B, Liu D, Li G, Cen J, Yu L, Liang X, Shi L. SIRT5-related lysine demalonylation of GSTP1 contributes to cardiomyocyte pyroptosis suppression in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Int J Biol Sci 2024; 20:585-605. [PMID: 38169591 PMCID: PMC10758093 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.83306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5), localized in the mitochondria, has been identified as a protein desuccinylase and demalonylase in the mitochondria since the depletion of SIRT5 boosted the global succinylation and malonylation of mitochondrial proteins. We investigated the role of SIRT5 in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and identified the mechanism regarding lysine demalonylation in this process. Wild-type and SIRT5 knockout mice were induced with DCM, and primary cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts extracted from wild-type and SIRT5 knockout mice were subjected to high glucose (HG). SIRT5 deficiency exacerbated myocardial injury in DCM mice, aggravated HG-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiomyocytes, and intensified cardiomyocyte senescence, pyroptosis, and DNA damage. DCM-induced SIRT5 loss diminished glutathione S-transferase P (GSTP1) protein stability, represented by significantly increased lysine malonylation (Mal-Lys) modification of GSTP1. SIRT5 overexpression alleviated DCM-related myocardial injury, which was reversed by GSTP1 knockdown. Reduced SIRT5 transcription in DCM resulted from the downregulation of SPI1. SPI1 promoted the transcription of SIRT5, thereby ameliorating DCM-associated myocardial injury. However, SIRT5 deletion resulted in a significant reversal of the protective effect of SPI1. These observations suggest that SPI1 activates SIRT5 transcriptionally to mediate GSTP1 Mal-Lys modification and protein stability, thus ameliorating DCM-associated myocardial injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Can Wei
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Meixin Shi
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Zhitao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Bingbing Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Cadre ward, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Guopeng Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Cen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ligen Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Lili Shi
- Department of Cadre Ward, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
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Liu B, Zhang J, Zhou Z, Feng B, He J, Yan W, Zhou X, Amponsah AE, Guo R, Du X, Liu X, Cui H, O'Brien T, Ma J. Preclinical Evidence for the Effectiveness of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:220-233. [PMID: 37165495 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230510111302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that endangers human health. DCM results in cardiac dysfunction, which eventually progresses to heart failure. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a type of multipotent stem cell, have shown promising therapeutic effects in various cardiovascular diseases and diabetic complications in preclinical studies due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative abilities. However, there is still a lack of evidence to summarize the effectiveness of MSCs in the treatment of DCM. Therefore, a meta-analysis and systematic review are warranted to evaluate the therapeutic potential of MSCs for DCM in preclinical studies. METHODS A comprehensive literature search in English or Chinese was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, web of Science, Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Internet from inception to June 30, 2022. The summarized outcomes included echocardiography, morphology, and pathology. Data were independently extracted and analyzed by two authors. The software we adopted was Review Manager5.4.1. This systematic review was written in compliance with PRISMA 2020 and the review protocol was registered on PROSPERO, registration no. CRD42022350032. RESULTS We included 20 studies in our meta-analysis to examine the efficacy of MSCs in the treatment of DCM. The MSC-treated group showed a statistically significant effect on left ventricular ejection fraction (WMD=12.61, 95% CI 4.32 to 20.90, P=0.003) and short axis fractional shortening (WMD=6.84, 95% CI 4.09 to 9.59, P < 0.00001). The overall effects on the ratio of early to late diastolic mitral annular velocity, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, maximum positive pressure development, maximum negative pressure development, left ventricular relaxation time constant, heart weight to body weight ratio, fibrosis area, and arteriole density were analyzed, suggesting that MSCs represent an effective therapy for the treatment of DCM. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a therapeutic role for MSCs in the treatment of DCM, and these results provide support for the use of MSCs in clinical trials of patients with DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxin Liu
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Zijing Zhou
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Baofeng Feng
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jingjing He
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Wei Yan
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xinghong Zhou
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Asiamah Ernest Amponsah
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Ruiyun Guo
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiaofeng Du
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
| | - Huixian Cui
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province
| | - Timothy O'Brien
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Regenerative Medicine Institute, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Jun Ma
- Hebei Medical University-National University of Ireland Galway Stem Cell Research Center, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Hebei Research Center for Stem Cell Medical Translational Engineering, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province, China
- Human Anatomy Department, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017, Hebei Province
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Parmar UM, Jalgaonkar MP, Kansara AJ, Oza MJ. Emerging links between FOXOs and diabetic complications. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 960:176089. [PMID: 37838103 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.176089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes and its complications are increasing worldwide in the working population as well as in elders. Prolonged hyperglycemia results in damage to blood vessels of various tissues followed by organ damage. Hyperglycemia-induced damage in small blood vessels as in nephrons, retina, and neurons results in diabetic microvascular complications which involve nephropathy, retinopathy, and diabetic neuropathy. Additionally, damage in large blood vessels is considered as a macrovascular complication including diabetic cardiomyopathy. These long-term complications can result in organ failure and thus becomes the leading cause of diabetic-related mortality in patients. Members of the Forkhead Box O family (FOXO) are involved in various body functions including cell proliferation, metabolic processes, differentiation, autophagy, and apoptosis. Moreover, increasing shreds of evidence suggest the involvement of FOXO family members FOXO1, FOXO3, FOXO4, and FOXO6 in several chronic diseases including diabetes and diabetic complications. Hence, this review focuses on the role of FOXO transcription factors in the regulation of diabetic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urvi M Parmar
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Manjiri P Jalgaonkar
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Aayush J Kansara
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Manisha J Oza
- SVKM's Dr Bhanuben Nanavati College of Pharmacy, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India.
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28
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Wang R, Luo X, Li S, Wen X, Zhang X, Zhou Y, Xie W. A bibliometric analysis of cardiomyocyte apoptosis from 2014 to 2023: A review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e35958. [PMID: 38013295 PMCID: PMC10681623 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000035958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis is an important factor in cardiac function decline observed in various cardiovascular diseases. To understand the progress in the field of cardiomyocyte apoptosis research, this paper uses bibliometrics to statistically analyze publications in this field. A total of 5939 articles were retrieved from the core Web of Science database, and then VOSviewer and Citespace were used to conduct a scientometric analysis of the authors, countries, institutions, references and keywords included in the articles to determine the cooperative relationships between researchers that study cardiomyocyte apoptosis. At present, the research hotspots in this field mainly include experimental research, molecular mechanisms, pathophysiology and cardiac regeneration of cardiomyocyte apoptosis-related diseases. NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 inflammasome, circular RNA, and sepsis are the research frontiers in this field and are emerging as new areas of research focus. This work provides insight into research directions and the clinical application value for the continued advancement of cardiomyocyte apoptosis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xu Luo
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Songyun Li
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Wen
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yunxiang Zhou
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Tseng CH, Shah KM, Chiu IJ, Hsiao LL. The Role of Autophagy in Type 2 Diabetic Kidney Disease Management. Cells 2023; 12:2691. [PMID: 38067119 PMCID: PMC10705810 DOI: 10.3390/cells12232691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), or diabetic nephropathy (DN), is one of the most prevalent complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and causes severe burden on the general welfare of T2DM patients around the world. While several new agents have shown promise in treating this condition and potentially halting the progression of the disease, more work is needed to understand the complex regulatory network involved in the disorder. Recent studies have provided new insights into the connection between autophagy, a physiological metabolic process known to maintain cellular homeostasis, and the pathophysiological pathways of DKD. Typically, autophagic activity plays a role in DKD progression mainly by promoting an inflammatory response to tissue damage, while both overactivated and downregulated autophagy worsen disease outcomes in different stages of DKD. This correlation demonstrates the potential of autophagy as a novel therapeutic target for the disease, and also highlights new possibilities for utilizing already available DN-related medications. In this review, we summarize findings on the relationship between autophagy and DKD, and the impact of these results on clinical management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Che-Hao Tseng
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.-H.T.); (K.M.S.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kavya M. Shah
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.-H.T.); (K.M.S.)
| | - I-Jen Chiu
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.-H.T.); (K.M.S.)
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
- TMU-Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK), Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Li-Li Hsiao
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (C.-H.T.); (K.M.S.)
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Yang L, Guan J, Luo S, Yan J, Chen D, Zhang X, Zhong C, Yang P. Angiotensin IV ameliorates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by increasing glutathione peroxidase 4 and alleviating ferroptosis. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 479:116713. [PMID: 37838222 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity is an important cause of poor prognosis in cancer patients treated with DOX. Angiotensin IV (Ang IV) has multiple protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy and myocardial infarction, but its role in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity is currently unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of Ang IV on DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. METHODS The viability of primary cardiomyocytes was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide staining in vitro. ELISAs (serum cTnT and CK-MB) and echocardiography were performed to assess myocardial injury and cardiac function in vivo. Phalloidin staining, haematoxylin and eosin staining and wheat germ agglutinin staining were conducted to detect cardiomyocyte atrophy. We also performed C11 BODIPY staining, measured the levels of Ptgs2 and malondialdehyde and detected the concentrations of ferrous ions, glutathione and oxidized glutathione to indicate ferroptosis. RESULTS Ang IV not only attenuated DOX-induced atrophy and cardiomyocyte injury in vitro but also alleviated myocardial injury and improved cardiac function in DOX-treated mice in vivo. Moreover, Ang IV reversed DOX-induced downregulation of glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and inhibited ferroptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Knockdown of GPX4 by siRNA abolished the cardioprotective effects of Ang IV. Furthermore, Ang IV increased GPX4 levels and ameliorated ferroptosis in RAS-selective lethal 3-treated primary cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Ang IV ameliorates DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by upregulating GPX4 and inhibiting ferroptosis. Ang IV may be a promising candidate to protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shen Luo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Deshu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chongbin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China; Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Atici AE, Crother TR, Noval Rivas M. Mitochondrial quality control in health and cardiovascular diseases. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1290046. [PMID: 38020895 PMCID: PMC10657886 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1290046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the primary causes of mortality worldwide. An optimal mitochondrial function is central to supplying tissues with high energy demand, such as the cardiovascular system. In addition to producing ATP as a power source, mitochondria are also heavily involved in adaptation to environmental stress and fine-tuning tissue functions. Mitochondrial quality control (MQC) through fission, fusion, mitophagy, and biogenesis ensures the clearance of dysfunctional mitochondria and preserves mitochondrial homeostasis in cardiovascular tissues. Furthermore, mitochondria generate reactive oxygen species (ROS), which trigger the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and regulate cell survival. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in multiple CVDs, including ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), atherosclerosis, heart failure, cardiac hypertrophy, hypertension, diabetic and genetic cardiomyopathies, and Kawasaki Disease (KD). Thus, MQC is pivotal in promoting cardiovascular health. Here, we outline the mechanisms of MQC and discuss the current literature on mitochondrial adaptation in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asli E. Atici
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Timothy R. Crother
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Magali Noval Rivas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Guerin Children’s at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
- Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center (IIDRC), Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Shu QH, Zuo RT, Chu M, Shi JJ, Ke QF, Guan JJ, Guo YP. Fiber-reinforced gelatin/β-cyclodextrin hydrogels loaded with platelet-rich plasma-derived exosomes for diabetic wound healing. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 154:213640. [PMID: 37804684 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic complications with high-glucose status (HGS) cause the dysregulated autophagy and excessive apoptosis of multiple-type cells, leading to the difficulty in wound self-healing. Herein, we firstly developed fiber-reinforced gelatin (GEL)/β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) therapeutic hydrogels by the modification of platelet-rich plasma exosomes (PRP-EXOs). The GEL fibers that were uniformly dispersed within the GEL/β-CD hydrogels remarkably enhanced the compression strengths and viscoelasticity. The PRP-EXOs were encapsulated in the hydrogels via the covalent crosslinking between the PRP-EXOs and genipin. The diabetic rat models demonstrated that the GEL/β-CD hydrogels and PRP-EXOs cooperatively promoted diabetic wound healing. On the one hand, the GEL/β-CD hydrogels provided the biocompatible microenvironments and active components for cell adhesion, proliferation and skin tissue regeneration. On the other hand, the PRP-EXOs in the therapeutic hydrogels significantly activated the autophagy and inhibited the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). The activation of autophagy and inhibition of apoptosis in HUVECs and HSFs induced the blood vessel creation, collagen formation and re-epithelialization. Taken together, this work proved that the incorporation of PRP-EXOs in a wound dressing was an effective strategy to regulate autophagy and apoptosis, and provide a novel therapeutic platform for diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Hao Shu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Rong-Tai Zuo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Min Chu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qin-Fei Ke
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Jun-Jie Guan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China.
| | - Ya-Ping Guo
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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Song K, Sun H, Tu B, Zhou Y, Lin LC, Liu ZY, Li R, Yang JJ, Zhang Y, Zhao JY, Tao H. WTAP boosts lipid oxidation and induces diabetic cardiac fibrosis by enhancing AR methylation. iScience 2023; 26:107931. [PMID: 37810250 PMCID: PMC10558737 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated lipid metabolism occurs in pathological processes characterized by cell proliferation and migration. Nonetheless, the mechanism of increased mitochondrial lipid oxidation is poorly appreciated in diabetic cardiac fibrosis, which is accompanied by enhanced fibroblast proliferation and migration. Herein, increased WTAP expression promotes cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration, contributing to diabetic cardiac fibrosis. Knockdown of WTAP suppresses mitochondrial lipid oxidation, fibroblast proliferation and migration to ameliorate diabetic cardiac fibrosis. Mechanistically, WTAP-mediated m6A methylation of AR induced its degradation, dependent on YTHDF2. Additionally, AR directly interacts with mitochondrial lipid oxidation enzyme Decr1; overexpression of AR-suppressed Decr1-mediates mitochondrial lipid oxidation, inhibiting cardiac fibroblast proliferation and migration. Knockdown of AR produced the opposite effect. Clinically, increased WTAP and YTHDF2 levels correlate with decreased AR expression in human DCM heart tissue. We describe a mechanism wherein WTAP boosts higher mitochondrial lipid oxidation, cardiac fibroblast proliferation, and migration by enhancing AR methylation in a YTHDF2-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Song
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - He Sun
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Bin Tu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Li-Chan Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Zhi-Yan Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jing-Jing Yang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ye Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Jian-Yuan Zhao
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, MOE-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children’s Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hui Tao
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230601, China
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Zhao X, Huang B, Zhang J, Xiang W, Zhu N. Celastrol attenuates streptozotocin-induced diabetic cardiomyopathy in mice by inhibiting the ACE / Ang II / AGTR1 signaling pathway. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:186. [PMID: 37700366 PMCID: PMC10496318 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-023-01159-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure is closely correlated with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) and can lead to mortality. Celastrol has long been utilized for the treatment of immune and inflammatory disorders. However, whether celastrol would exert protective effects on DCM has not been determined. This work aimed to explore the protective actions of celastrol on DCM and unravel the underlying mechanisms involved. METHODS A DCM model was constructed in mice by intraperitoneal administration of streptozotocin. ELISA and echocardiography were performed to examine myocardial injury markers and cardiac function, respectively. Morphological changes and fibrosis were assessed using H&E staining and Masson's staining. Inflammatory cytokines and fibrotic markers were detected by ELISA and RT-PCR. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase, apoptosis, and reactive oxygen species were detected by microscopic staining. Network pharmacology approaches, molecular docking analysis, ELISA, and Western blot were used for mechanism studies. RESULTS Celastrol alleviated diabetes-induced cardiac injury and remodeling. Celastrol also suppressed diabetes-induced production of inflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species, as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis. The cardioprotective effects of celastrol were associated with its inhibition on the angiotensin-converting enzyme / angiotensin II / angiotensin II receptor type 1 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Celastrol exhibits significant potential as an effective cardioprotective drug for DCM treatment. The underlying mechanisms can be attributed to the blockage of celastrol on the angiotensin-converting enzyme signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuyong Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingwu Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Xiang
- Department of Pathology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The Wenzhou Third Clinical Institute, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Shanghai University, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou People's Hospital, No. 299 Guan Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
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Wang C, Yu J, Ding C, Chen C. CangFu Daotan decoction improves polycystic ovarian syndrome by downregulating FOXK1. Gynecol Endocrinol 2023; 39:2244600. [PMID: 37544927 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2023.2244600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent gynecologic disorder, often associated with abnormal follicular development. Cangfu Daotan decoction (CFD) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula that is effective in alleviating PCOS clinically, but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Forkhead box K1 (FOXK1) is associated with cellular function. This study aimed to explore the effects of CFD and FOXK1 on PCOS.Methods: High-fat diet and letrozole were combined to establish PCOS rat models. Next, primary GCs were extracted from those PCOS rats. Then, GC cells were transfected with si-FOXK1 or oe-FOXK1. CFD-contain serum was prepared, and experiments were conducted to investigate the regulation of FOXK1 by CFD.Results: FOXK1 was highly expressed in GCs of PCOS rats. Further investigation revealed that FOXK1 overexpression resulted in inhibition of proliferation and DNA synthesis, along with promotion of apoptosis and autophagy in GCs. Additionally, it was found that FOXK1 promoted the expressions of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway-related proteins. Interestingly, treatment with CFD reversed all the effects of FOXK1 overexpression in GCs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that CFD exerted a protective role in PCOS by inhibiting FOXK1, which provided a research basis for the application of CFD in PCOS, and suggested that FOXK1 is a novel therapeutic target in PCOS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenye Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Jia Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Caifei Ding
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
| | - Chunyue Chen
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Zhejiang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hangzhou City, China
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Wang T, Yuan L, Chen Y, Wang J, Li N, Zhou H. Expression profiles and bioinformatic analysis of microRNAs in myocardium of diabetic cardiomyopathy mice. Genes Genomics 2023; 45:1003-1011. [PMID: 37253907 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-023-01403-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can regulate expression of target genes at post transcriptional level, and mediate the pathophysiological process of many diseases. OBJECTIVE The study will illuminate the miRNA expression profiles of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM), seeking probable biomarkers of DCM at early stage and determining a target for the treatment of DCM. METHODS Db/db mice were used as an animal model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. At 22 weeks of age, cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography, and the structural changes in myocardium were evaluated by HE staining and TEM. The miRNA expression profiles were detected using miRNA sequencing and differentially expressed miRNAs were validated by real-time PCR. Bioinformatic analysis was used to analyze target genes of these miRNAs and relevant pathways in DCM. RESULTS The results showed that 40 miRNAs were differentially expressed, including 28 upregulated miRNAs and 12 downregulated miRNAs. GO and KEGG pathway analysis showed that the target genes of up-regulated miRNAs were involved in 66 pathways, including Wnt, p53 and calcium signaling pathways, as well as FOXO and apoptosis signaling pathways, etc. The target genes of down-regulated miRNAs were involved in 68 pathways, including mitophagy, Ras and MAPK signaling pathways, etc. Moreover, some differentially expressed miRNAs were found in myocardium of DCM for the first time, such as miR-7225-5p, miR-696, miR-3470a, miR-3470b, miR-6240, miR-6538, miR-5128, miR-1195, miR-203-3p and miR-330-5p. CONCLUSIONS It is hoped that a few novel molecular pathways or targets of treatment for DCM would be found through understanding the expression features of miRNAs in diabetic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Lingling Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Yanxia Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, The second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, NO.215 Heping West Road, Xinhua District, 050051, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, PR China.
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Li JC, Wang LJ, Feng F, Chen TT, Shi WG, Liu LP. Role of heparanase in sepsis‑related acute kidney injury (Review). Exp Ther Med 2023; 26:379. [PMID: 37456170 PMCID: PMC10347300 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2023.12078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-related acute kidney injury (S-AKI) is a common and significant complication of sepsis in critically ill patients, which can often only be treated with antibiotics and medications that reduce S-AKI symptoms. The precise mechanism underlying the onset of S-AKI is still unclear, thus hindering the development of new strategies for its treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the pathogenesis of S-AKI to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets for its early diagnosis and treatment. Heparanase (HPA), the only known enzyme that cleaves the side chain of heparan sulfate, has been widely studied in relation to tumor metabolism, procoagulant activity, angiogenesis, inflammation and sepsis. It has been reported that HPA plays an important role in the progression of S-AKI. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of the function of HPA in S-AKI and to summarize its underlying molecular mechanisms, including mediating inflammatory response, immune response, autophagy and exosome biogenesis. It is anticipated that emerging discoveries about HPA in S-AKI will support HPA as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target to combat S-AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chun Li
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Jun Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Fei Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Gui Shi
- Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ping Liu
- Department of Emergency, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R. China
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Batista JPT, Faria AOVD, Ribeiro TFS, Simões E Silva AC. The Role of Renin-Angiotensin System in Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: A Narrative Review. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1598. [PMID: 37511973 PMCID: PMC10381689 DOI: 10.3390/life13071598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy refers to myocardial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes, but without the traditional cardiovascular risk factors or overt clinical atherosclerosis and valvular disease. The activation of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), oxidative stress, lipotoxicity, maladaptive immune responses, imbalanced mitochondrial dynamics, impaired myocyte autophagy, increased myocyte apoptosis, and fibrosis contribute to diabetic cardiomyopathy. This review summarizes the studies that address the link between cardiomyopathy and the RAS in humans and presents proposed pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this association. The RAS plays an important role in the development and progression of diabetic cardiomyopathy. The over-activation of the classical RAS axis in diabetes leads to the increased production of angiotensin (Ang) II, angiotensin type 1 receptor activation, and aldosterone release, contributing to increased oxidative stress, fibrosis, and cardiac remodeling. In contrast, Ang-(1-7) suppresses oxidative stress, inhibits tissue fibrosis, and prevents extensive cardiac remodeling. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers improve heart functioning and reduce the occurrence of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Experimental studies also show beneficial effects for Ang-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 infusion in improving heart functioning and tissue injury. Further research is necessary to fully understand the pathophysiology of diabetic cardiomyopathy and to translate experimental findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Thimotheo Batista
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - André Oliveira Vilela de Faria
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Thomas Felipe Silva Ribeiro
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Cristina Simões E Silva
- Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Investigação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Pediatria, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte 30130-100, MG, Brazil
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Cao G, Lin M, Gu W, Su Z, Duan Y, Song W, Liu H, Zhang F. The rules and regulatory mechanisms of FOXO3 on inflammation, metabolism, cell death and aging in hosts. Life Sci 2023:121877. [PMID: 37352918 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
The FOX family of transcription factors was originally identified in 1989, comprising the FOXA to FOXS subfamilies. FOXO3, a well-known member of the FOXO subfamily, is widely expressed in various human organs and tissues, with higher expression levels in the ovary, skeletal muscle, heart, and spleen. The biological effects of FOXO3 are mostly determined by its phosphorylation, which occurs in the nucleus or cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of FOXO3 in the nucleus can promote its translocation into the cytoplasm and inhibit its transcriptional activity. In contrast, phosphorylation of FOXO3 in the cytoplasm leads to its translocation into the nucleus and exerts regulatory effects on biological processes, such as inflammation, aerobic glycolysis, autophagy, apoptosis, oxidative stress, cell cycle arrest and DNA damage repair. Additionally, FOXO3 isoform 2 acts as an important suppressor of osteoclast differentiation. FOXO3 can also interfere with the development of various diseases, including inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of tumor cells, blocking the production of inflammatory factors in autoimmune diseases, and inhibiting β-amyloid deposition in Alzheimer's disease. Furthermore, FOXO3 slows down the aging process and exerts anti-aging effects by delaying telomere attrition, promoting cell self-renewal, and maintaining genomic stability. This review suggests that changes in the levels and post-translational modifications of FOXO3 protein can maintain organismal homeostasis and improve age-related diseases, thus counteracting aging. Moreover, this may indicate that alterations in FOXO3 protein levels are also crucial for longevity, offering new perspectives for therapeutic strategies targeting FOXO3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoding Cao
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Monan Lin
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wei Gu
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Zaiyu Su
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Yagan Duan
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Wuqi Song
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
| | - Fengmin Zhang
- Wu Lien-Teh Institute, Department of Microbiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang Key Laboratory of Immunity and Infection, Harbin 150081, China.
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Yu YN, Ren YY, Shao ZL, Chen BL, Cui BY, Chao CY, Guo LJ, Guo S, Zhang MX, Wang SX, Zhu ML, Yin YL, Li P. Perillaldehyde improves diabetic cardiomyopathy by upregulating miR-133a-3p to regulate GSK-3β. Eur J Pharmacol 2023; 953:175836. [PMID: 37329971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is part of the most important causes of death from cardiovascular disease. Perillaldehyde (PAE), a major component of the herb perilla, has been shown to ameliorate doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, but it is unclear whether PAE exerts beneficial effects on DCM. Exploring the potential molecular mechanisms of PAE for the treatment of DCM through network pharmacology and molecular docking. The SD rat type 1 diabetes model was established by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg), the cardiac function indexes of each group were detected by echocardiography; the morphological changes, apoptosis, protein expression of P-GSK-3β (S9), collagen I (Col-Ⅰ), collagen III (Col-Ⅲ) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and miR-133a-3p expression levels were detected. An DCM model of H9c2 cells was established in vitro and transfected with Mimic and Inhibitor of miR-133a-3p. The results showed that PAE ameliorated cardiac dysfunction, reduced fasting glucose and cardiac weight index, and improved myocardial injury and apoptosis in DCM rats. It reduced high glucose-induced apoptosis, promoted migration and improved mitochondrial division injury in H9c2 cells. PAE decreased P-GSK-3β (S9), Col-Ⅰ, Col-Ⅲ and α-SMA protein expression and upregulated miR-133a-3p expression levels. After miR-133a-3p Inhibitor treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA expression were significantly increased; after miR-133a-3p Mimic treatment, the expression of P-GSK-3β (S9) and α-SMA decreased significantly in H9c2 cells. It suggests that the mechanism of action of PAE to improve DCM may be related to the upregulation of miR-133a-3p and inhibition of P-GSK-3β expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ren
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Zhen-Lei Shao
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bu-Lei Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Bao-Yue Cui
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | | | - Li-Juan Guo
- Department of Oncology, Xinxiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang, 453119, China
| | - Shuang Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Diabetes and Angiopathy, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Ming-Xiang Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Mo-Li Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury of Henan Province, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
| | - Peng Li
- College of Pharmacy, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention, Xinxiang Key Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, China.
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Gong DF, Sun SC, Wang RR, Dawuti A, Kong DW, Liu RQ, Du LD, Wang SB, Lu Y, Yuan TY, Du GH, Fang LH. Salvianolic acid A improve mitochondrial respiration and cardiac function via inhibiting apoptosis pathway through CRYAB in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 160:114382. [PMID: 36773525 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SAA) is a traditional Chinese medicine that has a good therapeutic effect on cardiovascular disease. However, the underlying mechanisms by which SAA improves mitochondrial respiration and cardiac function in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) remain unknown. This study aims to elucidate whether SAA had any cardiovascular protection on the pathophysiology of DCM and explored the potential mechanisms. Diabetes was induced in rats by 30 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) treatment. After a week of stability, 5 mg/kg isoprenaline (ISO) was injected into the rats subcutaneously. 3 mg/kg SAA was orally administered for six weeks and 150 mg/kg Metformin was selected as a positive group. At the end of this period, cardiac function was assessed by ultrasound, electrocardiogram, and relevant cardiac injury biomarkers testing. Treatment with SAA improved cardiac function, glucose, and lipid levels, mitochondrial respiration, and suppressed myocardial inflammation and apoptosis. Furthermore, SAA treatment inhibits the apoptosis pathway through CRYAB in diabetic cardiomyopathy rats. As a result, this study not only provides new insights into the mechanism of SAA against DCM but also provides new therapeutic ideas for the discovery of anti-DCM compounds in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di-Fei Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Shu-Chan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Ran-Ran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Awaguli Dawuti
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - De-Wen Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Rui-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Li-da Du
- Shandong Soteria Pharmaceutical Co Ltd., Jinan 250022, China.
| | - Shou-Bao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Yang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Tian-Yi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Guan-Hua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Lian-Hua Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
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Zhang Y, Liu W, Liu Z, Liu Y. Daurisoline attenuates H 2O 2-induced chondrocyte autophagy by activating the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:248. [PMID: 36973772 PMCID: PMC10041752 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-03717-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease characterized by cartilage degeneration and intra-articular inflammation. Daurisoline (DAS) is an isoquinoline alkaloid isolated from Rhizoma Menispermi, whose antitumor and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects have been demonstrated, but the effects of DAS on OA have rarely been researched. In this study, we aimed to explore the potential role of DAS in OA and its partial mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cytotoxicity of H2O2 and DAS toward chondrocytes was detected by the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Safranin O staining was used to detect chondrocyte phenotype changes. Cell apoptosis was measured by both flow cytometry and quantitative analysis of the protein levels of the apoptosis-related factors Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase-3 by western blot. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to assess the expression of the autophagy-related proteins LC3, Beclin-1 and p62. In addition, key signal pathway targets and matrix-degrading indicators were measured by western blot. RESULTS Our results indicated that H2O2 induced human chondrocyte apoptosis and activated autophagy in a dose-dependent manner. DAS treatment dose-dependently reversed the expression of apoptosis-related proteins (Bax, Bcl-2 and cleaved caspase3) and the apoptosis rate induced by H2O2. Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses showed that DAS decreased the H2O2-induced upregulation of the autophagy marker Beclin-1 and the LC3 II/LC3 I ratio and upregulated the p62 protein level. Mechanistically, DAS inhibited autophagy through the activation of the classical PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and protected chondrocytes from apoptosis. In addition, DAS alleviated the H2O2-induced degradation of type II collagen and the high expression of matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and MMP13. CONCLUSION Our research demonstrated that DAS alleviated chondrocyte autophagy caused by H2O2 through activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and protected chondrocytes from apoptosis and matrix degradation. In conclusion, these findings suggest that DAS may serve as a promising therapeutic strategy for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenguang Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhonghao Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 247 Beiyuan Street, Jinan, 250033, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Seksaria S, Mehan S, Dutta BJ, Gupta GD, Ganti SS, Singh A. Oxymatrine and insulin resistance: Focusing on mechanistic intricacies involve in diabetes associated cardiomyopathy via SIRT1/AMPK and TGF-β signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2023; 37:e23330. [PMID: 36890713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy (CDM) and related morbidity and mortality are increasing at an alarming rate, in large part because of the increase in the number of diabetes mellitus cases. The clinical consequence associated with CDM is heart failure (HF) and is considerably worse for patients with diabetes mellitus, as compared to nondiabetics. Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is characterized by structural and functional malfunctioning of the heart, which includes diastolic dysfunction followed by systolic dysfunction, myocyte hypertrophy, cardiac dysfunctional remodeling, and myocardial fibrosis. Indeed, many reports in the literature indicate that various signaling pathways, such as the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β/smad pathways, are involved in diabetes-related cardiomyopathy, which increases the risk of functional and structural abnormalities of the heart. Therefore, targeting these pathways augments the prevention as well as treatment of patients with DCM. Alternative pharmacotherapy, such as that using natural compounds, has been shown to have promising therapeutic effects. Thus, this article reviews the potential role of the quinazoline alkaloid, oxymatrine obtained from the Sophora flavescensin CDM associated with diabetes mellitus. Numerous studies have given a therapeutic glimpse of the role of oxymatrine in the multiple secondary complications related to diabetes, such as retinopathy, nephropathy, stroke, and cardiovascular complications via reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic dysregulation, which might be due to targeting signaling pathways, such as AMPK, SIRT1, PI3K/Akt, and TGF-β pathways. Thus, these pathways are considered central regulators of diabetes and its secondary complications, and targeting these pathways with oxymatrine might provide a therapeutic tool for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes-associated cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanket Seksaria
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Bhaskar J Dutta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam D Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Subrahmanya S Ganti
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Amrita Singh
- Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Ghal Kalan, Moga, Punjab, India
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Wang L, Wang X, Li G, Zhou S, Wang R, Long Q, Wang M, Li L, Huang H, Ba Y. Emodin ameliorates renal injury and fibrosis via regulating the miR-490-3p/HMGA2 axis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1042093. [PMID: 36937888 PMCID: PMC10020706 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1042093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is a major pathological feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD). While emodin is reported to elicit anti-fibrotic effects on renal injury, little is known about its effects on microRNA (miRNA)-modulated mechanisms in renal fibrosis. In this study, we established a unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model and a transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-induced normal rat renal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) model to investigate the protective effects of emodin on renal fibrosis and its miRNA/target gene mechanisms. Dual-luciferase assay was performed to confirm the direct binding of miRNA and target genes in HEK293 cells. Results showed that oral administration of emodin significantly ameliorated the loss of body weight and the increase in physicochemical parameters, including serum uric acid, creatinine, and urea nitrogen in UUO mice. Inflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and interleukin (IL)-1β, but not IL-6, were down-regulated by emodin administration. Emodin decreased the expression levels of TGF-β1 and fibrotic-related proteins, including alpha-smooth muscle actin, Collagen IV, and Fibronectin, and increased the expression of E-cadherin. Furthermore, miR-490-3p was decreased in UUO mice and negatively correlated with increased expression of high migration protein A2 (HMGA2). We further confirmed HMGA2 was the target of miR-490-3p. Transfection of miR-490-3p mimics decreased, while transfection of miR-490-3p inhibitors increased fibrotic-related proteins and HMGA2 expression levels in TGF-β1-induced NRK-52E cells. Furthermore, transfection of miR-490-3p mimics enhanced the anti-fibrotic effects of emodin, while transfection of miR-490-3p inhibitors abolished the protective effects of emodin. Thus, as a novel target of emodin that prevents renal fibrosis in the HMGA2-dependent signaling pathway, miR-490-3p has potential implications in CKD pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulin Wang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuerui Wang
- Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research With Traditional Chinese Medicine on Infectious Diseases, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Zhou
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Qi Long
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Wang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Li
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanming Ba
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Tranditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Hubei Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
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Chen R, Chen H, Yang Z, Zhu L, Bei Y, Chen W, Qiu Y. Danlou tablet inhibits high-glucose-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via the miR-34a-SIRT1 axis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14479. [PMID: 36950610 PMCID: PMC10025156 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is highly prevalent and increases the risk of heart failure and sudden death. Therefore, proper and effective treatments for DCM are in urgent demand. Danlou tablet (Dan) is reported to confer protective effects on several heart diseases. However, to our knowledge, whether Dan provides protection against DCM is unclear. In this study, we explored the effect of Dan on DCM with the in vitro DCM model using AC16 cardiomyocytes. We found that Dan treatment significantly reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress in high-glucose (HG)-treated cardiomyocytes, as evidenced by decreased Annexin V-FITC+ cardiomyocytes, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, and cleaved-Caspase3/Caspase3 ratio. Interestingly, Dan treatment caused a decreased level of microRNA-34a (miR-34a), which could enhance cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, miR-34a mimic blocked Dan's effect in apoptosis prevention. Finally, we observed that the miR-34a mimic effectively decreased the level of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), while the miR-34a inhibitor increased the level of SIRT1. And downregulation of SIRT1 effectively reversed the effect of miR-34a inhibitor on cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Taken together, our study showed that Dan prevented HG-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through downregulating miR-34a and upregulating SIRT1. Our study has provided experimental support for the potential use of Dan in treating DCM. Further detailed study of Dan and the underlying mechanisms may shed light on the prevention and treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong, 226011, China
| | - Hongjian Chen
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zijiang Yang
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Liyun Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yihua Bei
- Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Emergency Department, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yan Qiu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
- Corresponding author.
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Wang Y, Zhao R, Wu C, Liang X, He L, Wang L, Wang X. Activation of the sirtuin silent information regulator 1 pathway inhibits pathological myocardial remodeling. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1111320. [PMID: 36843938 PMCID: PMC9950519 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1111320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial remodeling refers to structural and functional disorders of the heart caused by molecular biological changes in the cardiac myocytes in response to neurological and humoral factors. A variety of heart diseases, such as hypertension, coronary artery disease, arrhythmia, and valvular heart disease, can cause myocardial remodeling and eventually lead to heart failure. Therefore, counteracting myocardial remodeling is essential for the prevention and treatment of heart failure. Sirt1 is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide+-dependent deacetylase that plays a wide range of roles in transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism regulation, cell survival, DNA repair, inflammation, and circadian regulation. It positively or negatively regulates myocardial remodeling by participating in oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and other processes. Taking into account the close relationship between myocardial remodeling and heart failure and the involvement of SIRT1 in the development of the former, the role of SIRT1 in the prevention of heart failure via inhibition of myocardial remodeling has received considerable attention. Recently, multiple studies have been conducted to provide a better understanding of how SIRT1 regulates these phenomena. This review presents the progress of research involving SIRT1 pathway involvement in the pathophysiological mechanisms of myocardial remodeling and heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Rusheng Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chengyan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xuefei Liang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China,Department of Cardiology, Guangyuan Central Hospital, Guangyuan, China
| | - Libo Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China,*Correspondence: Libo Wang, ; Xuehui Wang,
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Heart Center of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China,*Correspondence: Libo Wang, ; Xuehui Wang,
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Mao Q, Deng M, Zhao J, Zhou D, Tong W, Xu S, Zhao X. Klotho ameliorates angiotension-II-induced endothelial senescence via restoration of autophagy by inhibiting Wnt3a/GSK-3β/mTOR signaling: A potential mechanism involved in prognostic performance of Klotho in coronary atherosclerotic disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2023; 211:111789. [PMID: 36764463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the prognostic performance of circulating Klotho in coronary atherosclerotic disease (CAD), and to further explore the effect of Klotho on stress-mediated endothelial senescence and underlying mechanism. METHODS A cohort of 295 patients had a 12-month follow-up for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Serum Klotho was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Cell viability, SA-β-Gal staining, the expression of P53 and P16 were analyzed for endothelial senescence. Oxidative stress was evaluated by measurement of reactive oxygen species, superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde. LC3, P62, Wnt3a, GSK-3β and mTOR were analyzed by western blotting. Autophagosome formation was detected by adenovirus transfection. RESULTS In epidemiological analysis, low Klotho (≤295.9 pg/ml) was significantly associated with MACE risk (HR=2.266, 95 %CI 1.229-4.176). In experimental analysis, Klotho alleviated endothelial senescence and oxidative stress caused by Ang-II exposure; Klotho restored impaired autophagic flux to ameliorate Ang-II induced endothelial senescence; Ang-II activated Wnt3a/GSK-3β/mTOR signaling to inhibit autophagy, whereas Klotho restored autophagy through blockade of Wnt3a/GSK-3β/mTOR signaling; Klotho ameliorated endothelial senescence by suppressing Wnt3a/GSK-3β/mTOR pathway under Ang-II exposure. CONCLUSIONS Prognostic significance of Klotho in CAD is potentially ascribed to its anti-endothelial senescence effect via autophagic flux restoration by inhibiting Wnt3a/ GSK-3β/mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Mengyang Deng
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Denglu Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Wuyang Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
| | - Shangcheng Xu
- Center of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Diseases, Chongqing 400060, China; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment for Occupational Diseases and Poisoning, Chongqing 400060, China.
| | - Xiaohui Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Xinqiao Hospital of Army Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
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The Function and Therapeutic Potential of lncRNAs in Cardiac Fibrosis. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020154. [PMID: 36829433 PMCID: PMC9952806 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis remains an unresolved problem in cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis of the myocardium plays a key role in the clinical outcomes of patients with heart injuries. Moderate fibrosis is favorable for cardiac structure maintaining and contractile force transmission, whereas adverse fibrosis generally progresses to ventricular remodeling and cardiac systolic or diastolic dysfunction. The molecular mechanisms involved in these processes are multifactorial and complex. Several molecular mechanisms, such as TGF-β signaling pathway, extracellular matrix (ECM) synthesis and degradation, and non-coding RNAs, positively or negatively regulate myocardial fibrosis. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as significant mediators in gene regulation in cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are crucial in genetic programming and gene expression during myocardial fibrosis. We summarize the function of lncRNAs in cardiac fibrosis and their contributions to miRNA expression, TGF-β signaling, and ECMs synthesis, with a particular attention on the exosome-derived lncRNAs in the regulation of adverse fibrosis as well as the mode of action of lncRNAs secreted into exosomes. We also discuss how the current knowledge on lncRNAs can be applied to develop novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or reverse cardiac fibrosis.
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Shu F, Xiao H, Li QN, Ren XS, Liu ZG, Hu BW, Wang HS, Wang H, Jiang GM. Epigenetic and post-translational modifications in autophagy: biological functions and therapeutic targets. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:32. [PMID: 36646695 PMCID: PMC9842768 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01300-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy is a conserved lysosomal degradation pathway where cellular components are dynamically degraded and re-processed to maintain physical homeostasis. However, the physiological effect of autophagy appears to be multifaced. On the one hand, autophagy functions as a cytoprotective mechanism, protecting against multiple diseases, especially tumor, cardiovascular disorders, and neurodegenerative and infectious disease. Conversely, autophagy may also play a detrimental role via pro-survival effects on cancer cells or cell-killing effects on normal body cells. During disorder onset and progression, the expression levels of autophagy-related regulators and proteins encoded by autophagy-related genes (ATGs) are abnormally regulated, giving rise to imbalanced autophagy flux. However, the detailed mechanisms and molecular events of this process are quite complex. Epigenetic, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and miRNAs, and post-translational modifications, including ubiquitination, phosphorylation and acetylation, precisely manipulate gene expression and protein function, and are strongly correlated with the occurrence and development of multiple diseases. There is substantial evidence that autophagy-relevant regulators and machineries are subjected to epigenetic and post-translational modulation, resulting in alterations in autophagy levels, which subsequently induces disease or affects the therapeutic effectiveness to agents. In this review, we focus on the regulatory mechanisms mediated by epigenetic and post-translational modifications in disease-related autophagy to unveil potential therapeutic targets. In addition, the effect of autophagy on the therapeutic effectiveness of epigenetic drugs or drugs targeting post-translational modification have also been discussed, providing insights into the combination with autophagy activators or inhibitors in the treatment of clinical diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Shu
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Han Xiao
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Qiu-Nuo Li
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Xiao-Shuai Ren
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Zhi-Gang Liu
- grid.284723.80000 0000 8877 7471Cancer Center, Affiliated Dongguan Hospital, Southern Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong China
| | - Bo-Wen Hu
- grid.452859.70000 0004 6006 3273Department of Urology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong China
| | - Hong-Sheng Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Guan-Min Jiang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, Guangdong, China.
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Tepus M, Tonoli E, Verderio EAM. Molecular profiling of urinary extracellular vesicles in chronic kidney disease and renal fibrosis. Front Pharmacol 2023; 13:1041327. [PMID: 36712680 PMCID: PMC9877239 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1041327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a long-term kidney damage caused by gradual loss of essential kidney functions. A global health issue, CKD affects up to 16% of the population worldwide. Symptoms are often not apparent in the early stages, and if left untreated, CKD can progress to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD), also known as kidney failure, when the only possible treatments are dialysis and kidney transplantation. The end point of nearly all forms of CKD is kidney fibrosis, a process of unsuccessful wound-healing of kidney tissue. Detection of kidney fibrosis, therefore, often means detection of CKD. Renal biopsy remains the best test for renal scarring, despite being intrinsically limited by its invasiveness and sampling bias. Urine is a desirable source of fibrosis biomarkers as it can be easily obtained in a non-invasive way and in large volumes. Besides, urine contains biomolecules filtered through the glomeruli, mirroring the pathological state. There is, however, a problem of highly abundant urinary proteins that can mask rare disease biomarkers. Urinary extracellular vesicles (uEVs), which originate from renal cells and carry proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, are an attractive source of potential rare CKD biomarkers. Their cargo consists of low-abundant proteins but highly concentrated in a nanosize-volume, as well as molecules too large to be filtered from plasma. Combining molecular profiling data (protein and miRNAs) of uEVs, isolated from patients affected by various forms of CKD, this review considers the possible diagnostic and prognostic value of uEVs biomarkers and their potential application in the translation of new experimental antifibrotic therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Tepus
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Tonoli
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabetta A. M. Verderio
- Centre for Health, Ageing and the Understanding of Disease (CHAUD), School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
- Department of Biological, Geological, and Environmental Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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