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Nicholson JW. Periodontal Therapy Using Bioactive Glasses: A Review. Prosthesis 2022; 4:648-663. [DOI: 10.3390/prosthesis4040052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper reviews the use of bioactive glasses as materials for periodontal repair. Periodontal disease causes bone loss, resulting in tooth loosening and eventual tooth loss. However, it can be reversed using bioactive glass, typically the original 45S5 formulation (Bioglass®) at the defect site. This is done either by plcing bioactive glass granules or a bioactive glass putty at the defect. This stimulates bone repair and causes the defect to disappear. Another use of bioactive glass in periodontics is to repair so-called furcation defects, i.e., bone loss due to infection at the intersection of the roots in multi-rooted teeth. This treatment also gives good clinical outcomes. Finally, bioactive glass has been used to improve outcomes with metallic implants. This involves either placing bioactive glass granules into the defect prior to inserting the metal implant, or coating the implant with bioactive glass to improve the likelihood of osseointegration. This needs the glass to be formulated so that it does not crack or debond from the metal. This approach has been very successful, and bioactive glass coatings perform better than those made from hydroxyapatite.
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Jafari N, Habashi MS, Hashemi A, Shirazi R, Tanideh N, Tamadon A. Application of bioactive glasses in various dental fields. Biomater Res 2022; 26:31. [PMID: 35794665 PMCID: PMC9258189 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-022-00274-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractBioactive glasses are a group of bioceramic materials that have extensive clinical applications. Their properties such as high biocompatibility, antimicrobial features, and bioactivity in the internal environment of the body have made them useful biomaterials in various fields of medicine and dentistry. There is a great variation in the main composition of these glasses and some of them whose medical usage has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are called Bioglass. Bioactive glasses have appropriate biocompatibility with the body and they are similar to bone hydroxyapatite in terms of calcium and phosphate contents. Bioactive glasses are applied in different branches of dentistry like periodontics, orthodontics, endodontics, oral and maxillofacial surgery, esthetic and restorative dentistry. Also, some dental and oral care products have bioactive glasses in their compositions. Bioactive glasses have been used as dental implants in the human body in order to repair and replace damaged bones. Other applications of bioactive glasses in dentistry include their usage in periodontal disease, root canal treatments, maxillofacial surgeries, dental restorations, air abrasions, dental adhesives, enamel remineralization, and dentin hypersensitivity. Since the use of bioactive glasses in dentistry is widespread, there is a need to find methods and extensive resources to supply the required bioactive glasses. Various techniques have been identified for the production of bioactive glasses, and marine sponges have recently been considered as a rich source of it. Marine sponges are widely available and many species have been identified around the world, including the Persian Gulf. Marine sponges, as the simplest group of animals, produce different bioactive compounds that are used in a wide range of medical sciences. Numerous studies have shown the anti-tumor, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, and antibiotic effects of these compounds. Furthermore, some species of marine sponges due to the mineral contents of their structural skeletons, which are made of biosilica, have been used for extracting bioactive glasses.
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Maximov M, Maximov O, Craciun L, Ficai D, Ficai A, Andronescu E. Bioactive Glass—An Extensive Study of the Preparation and Coating Methods. Coatings 2021; 11:1386. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11111386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Diseases or complications that are caused by bone tissue damage affect millions of patients every year. Orthopedic and dental implants have become important treatment options for replacing and repairing missing or damaged parts of bones and teeth. In order to use a material in the manufacture of implants, the material must meet several requirements, such as mechanical stability, elasticity, biocompatibility, hydrophilicity, corrosion resistance, and non-toxicity. In the 1970s, a biocompatible glassy material called bioactive glass was discovered. At a later time, several glass materials with similar properties were developed. This material has a big potential to be used in formulating medical devices, but its fragility is an important disadvantage. The use of bioactive glasses in the form of coatings on metal substrates allows the combination of the mechanical hardness of the metal and the biocompatibility of the bioactive glass. In this review, an extensive study of the literature was conducted regarding the preparation methods of bioactive glass and the different techniques of coating on various substrates, such as stainless steel, titanium, and their alloys. Furthermore, the main doping agents that can be used to impart special properties to the bioactive glass coatings are described.
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Ma H, Shi Y, Zhang W, Liu F, Han Y, Yang M. Open Curettage With Bone Augmentation for Symptomatic Tumors and Tumor-like Lesions of Calcaneus: A Comparison of Bioactive Glass Versus Allogeneic Bone. J Foot Ankle Surg 2021; 60:881-886. [PMID: 33781640 DOI: 10.1053/j.jfas.2021.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Few studies have characterized the clinical outcomes of 45S5 Bioglass® applied as a bone graft to that of allogeneic bone applied in calcaneal open curettage. Therefore, the purpose of the present investigation was to compare the outcomes of patients with calcaneal tumors and tumor-like lesions treated by open curettage with 45S5 Bioglass® or allogeneic bone. Of the 31 patients who underwent open curettage (18 cases of unicameral bone cysts, 7 cases of aneurysmal bone cysts, and 6 cases of intraosseous lipoma), 16 (52%) received grafts with 45S5 Bioglass® and 15 (48%) with allogeneic bone. All the feet achieved bone fusion according to the modified Neer radiographic classification system at the last follow-up examination. The mean bone ingrowth time for the grafts with 45S5 Bioglass® versus allogeneic bone was 3.71 ± 0.86 versus 4.46 ± 1.04 months (p = .038), the mean bone healing time was 4.86 ± 0.93 versus 5.73 ± 1.07 months (p = .021), and the mean incision drying time was 7.2 ± 1.8 versus 8.2 ± 1.5 days (p = .047), respectively. No differences were found in the postoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society ankle-hindfoot scale scores between the 2 groups (p = .213). These results show that 45S5 Bioglass® can better facilitate the formation of new bone with a faster drying time of the incision than allogeneic bone. Although both materials can benefit the clinical outcomes of calcaneal tumors and tumor-like lesions, further studies are needed to observe the long-term complications and lesion recurrence rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongdong Ma
- Resident Doctor, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yingxu Shi
- Resident Doctor, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weilin Zhang
- Doctor-in-Charge, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Doctor-in-Charge, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yaxin Han
- Associate Senior Doctor, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Maowei Yang
- Chief Physician, Department of Orthopaedics, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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Abstract
At present, researchers in the field of biomaterials are focusing on the oral hard and soft tissue engineering with bioactive ingredients by activating body immune cells or different proteins of the body. By doing this natural ground substance, tissue component and long-lasting tissues grow. One of the current biomaterials is known as bioactive glass (BAG). The bioactive properties make BAG applicable to several clinical applications involving the regeneration of hard tissues in medicine and dentistry. In dentistry, its uses include dental restorative materials, mineralizing agents, as a coating material for dental implants, pulp capping, root canal treatment, and air-abrasion, and in medicine it has its applications from orthopedics to soft-tissue restoration. This review aims to provide an overview of promising and current uses of bioactive glasses in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dinesh Rokaya
- Informetrics Research Group, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City 7000, Vietnam
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Prosthodontic and Dental Implantology Department, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Hofuf, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Marin E, Adachi T, Zanocco M, Boschetto F, Rondinella A, Zhu W, Somekawa S, Ashida R, Bock RM, McEntire BJ, Bal BS, Mazda O, Pezzotti G. Enhanced bioactivity of Si 3N 4 through trench-patterning and back-filling with Bioglass®. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2019; 106:110278. [PMID: 31753392 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Using a simple and innovative sandblasting process, disks of monolithic biomedical silicon nitride (β-Si3N4) were texturized with a matrix of regular, discrete square trenches with a total depth in the range of hundreds of microns. The process consisted of sandblasting Si3N4 substrates through a stainless-steel wire-mesh (150 or 200 μm) using abrasive silicon carbide powders (α-SiC, ∼40 μm) under 1,034 kPa (150 psi) of gas pressure. The depth of the porosities could be controlled varying both the treatment time and the distance from the surface. Part of the samples were then filled with 45S5 Bioglass® powders to improve the osteointegration and stimulate the production of bone tissue. Due to the increased macroscopic and microscopic roughness, biological testing using human osteosarcoma cells (SaOS-2) showed improved cell proliferation and greater production of both mineral (hydroxyapatite) and organic (collagen) phases on the patterned surfaces compared to untreated β-Si3N4 or to the biomedical titanium control samples. Both of these effects were further enhanced when the porosities were filled with Bioglass®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia Marin
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Adachi
- Department of Dental Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Matteo Zanocco
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Francesco Boschetto
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Alfredo Rondinella
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Wenliang Zhu
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shota Somekawa
- Shinsei, Shijohei Kawanishi Rikobo, Kyoto, 610-0101, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Ashida
- Shinsei, Shijohei Kawanishi Rikobo, Kyoto, 610-0101, Japan
| | - Ryan M Bock
- SINTX Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, 84119, USA
| | | | - B Sonny Bal
- SINTX Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, 84119, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Osam Mazda
- Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi dori, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan
| | - Giuseppe Pezzotti
- Ceramic Physics Laboratory, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Matsugasaki, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kamigyo-ku, 465 Kajii-cho, Kawaramachi dori, Kyoto, 602-0841, Japan; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan; The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
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Pobloth AM, Mersiowsky MJ, Kliemt L, Schell H, Dienelt A, Pfitzner BM, Burgkart R, Detsch R, Wulsten D, Boccaccini AR, Duda GN. Bioactive coating of zirconia toughened alumina ceramic implants improves cancellous osseointegration. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16692. [PMID: 31723174 PMCID: PMC6853946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53094-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive coatings have the potential to improve the bony integration of mechanically loaded orthopedic ceramic implants. Using the concept of mimicking the natural bone surface, four different coatings of varying thickness on a zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA) ceramic implant were investigated regarding their osseointegration in a drill-hole model in sheep. The hypothesis that a bioactive coating of ZTA ceramics would facilitate cancellous bone integration was investigated. The bioactive coatings consisted of either a layer of covalently bound multi phosphonate molecules (chemical modification = CM), a nano hydoxyapatite coating (HA), or two different bioactive glass (BG) coatings in micrometer thickness, forming a hydroxyl-carbonate apatite layer on the implant surface in vivo (dip-coated 45S5 = DipBG; sol-gel 70S30C = SGBG). Coated surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. After 12 weeks, osseointegration was evaluated via mechanical push-out testing and histology. HA enhanced the maximum push-out force (HA: mean 3573.85 ± 1119.91 N; SGBG: mean 1691.57 ± 986.76 N; p = 0.046), adhesive shear strength (HA: mean 9.82 ± 2.89 MPA; SGBG: mean 4.57 ± 2.65 MPA; p = 0.025), and energy release rate (HA: mean 3821.95 ± 1474.13 J/mm2; SGBG: mean 1558.47 ± 923.47 J/mm2; p = 0.032) compared to SGBG. The implant-bone interfacial stiffness increased by CM compared to SGBG coating (CM: mean 6258.06 ± 603.80 N/mm; SGBG: mean 3565.57 ± 1705.31 n/mm; p = 0.038). Reduced mechanical osseointegration of SGBG coated implants could be explained histologically by a foreign body reaction surrounding the implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Marie Pobloth
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Max J Mersiowsky
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Luisa Kliemt
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hanna Schell
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Dienelt
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Berit M Pfitzner
- Institut für Pathologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Burgkart
- Clinic of Orthopedics and Sports Orthopedics, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Straße 22, D-81675, München, Germany
| | - Rainer Detsch
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dag Wulsten
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
| | - Aldo R Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institut, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany
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Karl D, Jastram B, Kamm PH, Schwandt H, Gurlo A, Schmidt F. Evaluating porous polylactide-co-glycolide/bioactive glass composite microsphere powders for laser sintering of scaffolds. POWDER TECHNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2019.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Meng Y, Qiang W, Pang J. Fabrication and Microstructure of Laminated HAP⁻45S5 Bioglass Ceramics by Spark Plasma Sintering. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12030484. [PMID: 30720770 PMCID: PMC6384796 DOI: 10.3390/ma12030484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAP) has excellent biocompatibility with living bone tissue and does not cause defensive body reactions, therefore, it has become one of the most widely used calcium phosphate materials in dental and medical fields. However, its poor mechanical properties have been a substantial challenge in the application of HAP for the replacement of load-bearing or large bone defects. Laminated HAP–45S5 bioglass ceramics composites were prepared by the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique. The interface structures between the HAP and 45S5 bioglass layers and the mechanical properties of the laminated composites were investigated. It was demonstrated that there was mutual transfer and exchange of Ca and Na atoms at the interface between 45S5 bioglass/HAP laminated layers, which contributed considerably to the interfacial bonding. Due from the laminated structure and strong interface bonding, laminated HAP–45S5 bioglass is recommended for structural applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Meng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Wenjiang Qiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jingqin Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Materials Education, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Kulkova J, Moritz N, Huhtinen H, Mattila R, Donati I, Marsich E, Paoletti S, Vallittu PK. Hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass surfaces for fiber reinforced composite implants via surface ablation by Excimer laser. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2017; 75:89-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2017.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Ren H, Zhao H, Cui Y, Ao X, Li A, Zhang Z, Qiu D. Poly(1,8-octanediol citrate)/bioactive glass composite with improved mechanical performance and bioactivity for bone regeneration. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017; 28:2116-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Abstract
Bioactive-glass (B-G) is a material known for its favorable biological response when in contact with surrounding fibro-osseous tissues, due not only to an osteoconductive property, but also to an osteostimulatory capacity, and superior biocompatibility for use in human body. The objectives of this paper are to review recent studies on B-G in periodontal and implant therapy, describing its basic properties and mechanism of activity as well as discoursing about state of art and future perspective of utilization. From a demonstrated clinical benefit as bone graft for the elimination of osseous defects due to periodontal disease (intrabony/furcation defects) and surgeries (alveolar ridge preservation, maxillary sinus augmentation), to a potential use for manufacturing bioactive dental implants, possibly allowing wider case selection criteria together with improved integration rates even in the more challenging osteoporotic and medically compromised patients, this biomaterial represents an important field of study with high academic, clinical and industrial importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corrado Profeta
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Biomaterials Science, Biomimetics and Biophotonics (B3) Research Group, King's College London Dental Institute
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van Oirschot BA, Eman RM, Habibovic P, Leeuwenburgh SC, Tahmasebi Z, Weinans H, Alblas J, Meijer GJ, Jansen JA, van den Beucken JJ. Osteophilic properties of bone implant surface modifications in a cassette model on a decorticated goat spinal transverse process. Acta Biomater 2016; 37:195-205. [PMID: 27019145 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Revised: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study comparatively evaluated the osteophilic capacity of 17 different surface modifications (i.e. fourteen different chemical modifications via ceramic coatings and three different physical modifications via surface roughness) for titanium (Ti) surfaces. All surface modifications were subjected to physico-chemical analyses and immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) for coating stability assessment. Subsequently, a bone conduction chamber cassette model on the goat transverse process was used for comparative in vivo analysis based on bone responses to these different surface modifications after twelve weeks. Histological and histomorphometrical analyses in terms of longitudinal bone-to-implant contact percentage (BIC%), relative bone area (BA%) were investigated within each individual channel and maximum bone height (BH). Characterization of the surface modifications showed significant differences in surface chemistry and surface roughness among the surface modifications. Generally, immersion of the coatings in SBF showed net uptake of calcium by thick coatings (>50μm; plasma-sprayed and biomimetic coatings) and no fluctuations in the SBF for thin coatings (<50μm). The histomorphometrical data set demonstrated that only plasma-sprayed CaP coatings performed superiorly regarding BIC%, BA% and BH compared to un-coated surfaces, irrespective of surface roughness of the latter. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that the deposition of plasma-sprayed CaP coating with high roughness significantly improves the osteophilic capacity of titanium surfaces in a chamber cassette model. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE For the bone implant market, a large number of surface modifications are available on different types of (dental and orthopedic) bone implants. As the implant surface provides the interface at which the biomaterial interacts with the surrounding (bone) tissue, it is of utmost importance to know what surface modification has optimal osteophilic properties. In contrast to numerous earlier studies on bone implant surface modifications with limited number of comparison surfaces, the manuscript by van Oirschot et al. describes the data of in vivo experiments using a large animal model that allows for direct and simultaneous comparison of a large variety of surface modifications, which included both commercially available and experimental surface modifications for bone implants. These data clearly show the superiority of plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite coatings regarding bone-to-implant contact, bone amount, and bone height.
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Deepthi S, Venkatesan J, Kim SK, Bumgardner JD, Jayakumar R. An overview of chitin or chitosan/nano ceramic composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 93:1338-53. [PMID: 27012892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chitin and chitosan based nanocomposite scaffolds have been widely used for bone tissue engineering. These chitin and chitosan based scaffolds were reinforced with nanocomponents viz Hydroxyapatite (HAp), Bioglass ceramic (BGC), Silicon dioxide (SiO2), Titanium dioxide (TiO2) and Zirconium oxide (ZrO2) to develop nanocomposite scaffolds. Plenty of works have been reported on the applications and characteristics of the nanoceramic composites however, compiling the work done in this field and presenting it in a single article is a thrust area. This review is written with an aim to fill this gap and focus on the preparations and applications of chitin or chitosan/nHAp, chitin or chitosan/nBGC, chitin or chitosan/nSiO2, chitin or chitosan/nTiO2 and chitin or chitosan/nZrO2 in the field of bone tissue engineering in detail. Many reports so far exemplify the importance of ceramics in bone regeneration. The effect of nanoceramics over native ceramics in developing composites, its role in osteogenesis etc. are the gist of this review.
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Shirazi SFS, Gharehkhani S, Mehrali M, Yarmand H, Metselaar HSC, Adib Kadri N, Osman NAA. A review on powder-based additive manufacturing for tissue engineering: selective laser sintering and inkjet 3D printing. Sci Technol Adv Mater 2015; 16:033502. [PMID: 27877783 PMCID: PMC5099820 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/033502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Since most starting materials for tissue engineering are in powder form, using powder-based additive manufacturing methods is attractive and practical. The principal point of employing additive manufacturing (AM) systems is to fabricate parts with arbitrary geometrical complexity with relatively minimal tooling cost and time. Selective laser sintering (SLS) and inkjet 3D printing (3DP) are two powerful and versatile AM techniques which are applicable to powder-based material systems. Hence, the latest state of knowledge available on the use of AM powder-based techniques in tissue engineering and their effect on mechanical and biological properties of fabricated tissues and scaffolds must be updated. Determining the effective setup of parameters, developing improved biocompatible/bioactive materials, and improving the mechanical/biological properties of laser sintered and 3D printed tissues are the three main concerns which have been investigated in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Farid Seyed Shirazi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Material Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Samira Gharehkhani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Material Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mehdi Mehrali
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Material Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hooman Yarmand
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Advanced Material Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Nahrizul Adib Kadri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Noor Azuan Abu Osman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Correia CO, Leite ÁJ, Mano JF. Chitosan/bioactive glass nanoparticles scaffolds with shape memory properties. Carbohydr Polym 2015; 123:39-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.12.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dorozhkin SV. Calcium orthophosphate deposits: Preparation, properties and biomedical applications. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2015; 55:272-326. [PMID: 26117762 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Since various interactions among cells, surrounding tissues and implanted biomaterials always occur at their interfaces, the surface properties of potential implants appear to be of paramount importance for the clinical success. In view of the fact that a limited amount of materials appear to be tolerated by living organisms, a special discipline called surface engineering was developed to initiate the desirable changes to the exterior properties of various materials but still maintaining their useful bulk performances. In 1975, this approach resulted in the introduction of a special class of artificial bone grafts, composed of various mechanically stable (consequently, suitable for load bearing applications) implantable biomaterials and/or bio-devices covered by calcium orthophosphates (CaPO4) to both improve biocompatibility and provide an adequate bonding to the adjacent bones. Over 5000 publications on this topic were published since then. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the available literature has been performed and about 50 (this number is doubled, if all possible modifications are counted) deposition techniques of CaPO4 have been revealed, systematized and described. These CaPO4 deposits (coatings, films and layers) used to improve the surface properties of various types of artificial implants are the topic of this review.
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van Oirschot BAJA, Meijer GJ, Bronkhorst EM, Närhi T, Jansen JA, van den Beucken JJJP. Comparison of different surface modifications for titanium implants installed into the goat iliac crest. Clin Oral Implants Res 2014; 27:e57-67. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bart A. J. A. van Oirschot
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Implantology and Periodontology; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Gert J. Meijer
- Department of Implantology and Periodontology; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Ewald M. Bronkhorst
- Ewald M. Bronkhorst, Department of Preventive and Curative Dentistry; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
| | - Timo Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
- Department of Implantology and Periodontology; Radboudumc; Nijmegen The Netherlands
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Basu B, Sabareeswaran A, Shenoy SJ. Biocompatibility property of 100% strontium-substituted SiO2 -Al2 O3 -P2 O5 -CaO-CaF2 glass ceramics over 26 weeks implantation in rabbit model: Histology and micro-Computed Tomography analysis. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2014; 103:1168-79. [PMID: 25303146 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.33270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 06/28/2014] [Accepted: 08/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
One of the desired properties for any new biomaterial composition is its long-term stability in a suitable animal model and such property cannot be appropriately assessed by performing short-term implantation studies. While hydroxyapatite (HA) or bioglass coated metallic biomaterials are being investigated for in vivo biocompatibility properties, such study is not extensively being pursued for bulk glass ceramics. In view of their inherent brittle nature, the implant stability as well as impact of long-term release of metallic ions on bone regeneration have been a major concern. In this perspective, the present article reports the results of the in vivo implantation experiments carried out using 100% strontium (Sr)-substituted glass ceramics with the nominal composition of 4.5 SiO2 -3Al2 O3 -1.5P2 O5 -3SrO-2SrF2 for 26 weeks in cylindrical bone defects in rabbit model. The combination of histological and micro-computed tomography analysis provided a qualitative and quantitative understanding of the bone regeneration around the glass ceramic implants in comparison to the highly bioactive HA bioglass implants (control). The sequential polychrome labeling of bone during in vivo osseointegration using three fluorochromes followed by fluorescence microscopy observation confirmed homogeneous bone formation around the test implants. The results of the present study unequivocally confirm the long-term implant stability as well as osteoconductive property of 100% Sr-substituted glass ceramics, which is comparable to that of a known bioactive implant, that is, HA-based bioglass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bikramjit Basu
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Center and Interdisciplinary Bio-engineering Program, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - A Sabareeswaran
- Histopathology laboratory, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
| | - S J Shenoy
- Division of In Vivo Models and Testing, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India
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Surmenev RA, Surmeneva MA, Ivanova AA. Significance of calcium phosphate coatings for the enhancement of new bone osteogenesis--a review. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:557-79. [PMID: 24211734 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 311] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 10/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A systematic analysis of results available from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials on the effects of biocompatible calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings is presented. An overview of the most frequently used methods to prepare CaP-based coatings was conducted. Dense, homogeneous, highly adherent and biocompatible CaP or hybrid organic/inorganic CaP coatings with tailored properties can be deposited. It has been demonstrated that CaP coatings have a significant effect on the bone regeneration process. In vitro experiments using different cells (e.g. SaOS-2, human mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblast-like cells) have revealed that CaP coatings enhance cellular adhesion, proliferation and differentiation to promote bone regeneration. However, in vivo, the exact mechanism of osteogenesis in response to CaP coatings is unclear; indeed, there are conflicting reports of the effectiveness of CaP coatings, with results ranging from highly effective to no significant or even negative effects. This review therefore highlights progress in CaP coatings for orthopaedic implants and discusses the future research and use of these devices. Currently, an exciting area of research is in bioactive hybrid composite CaP-based coatings containing both inorganic (CaP coating) and organic (collagen, bone morphogenetic proteins, arginylglycylaspartic acid etc.) components with the aim of promoting tissue ingrowth and vascularization. Further investigations are necessary to reveal the relative influences of implant design, surgical procedure, and coating characteristics (thickness, structure, topography, porosity, wettability etc.) on the long-term clinical effects of hybrid CaP coatings. In addition to commercially available plasma spraying, other effective routes for the fabrication of hybrid CaP coatings for clinical use still need to be determined and current progress is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Surmenev
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia; Fraunhofer Institute for Interfacial Engineering and Biotechnology IGB, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Maria A Surmeneva
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Anna A Ivanova
- Department of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
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Li X, Chen X, Miao G, Liu H, Mao C, Yuan G, Liang Q, Shen X, Ning C, Fu X. Synthesis of radial mesoporous bioactive glass particles to deliver osteoactivin gene. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:7045-7054. [DOI: 10.1039/c4tb00883a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis of radial mesoporous bioactive glass particles to deliver osteoactivin gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Guohou Miao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Cong Mao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Guang Yuan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Qiming Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Xiongjun Shen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Chengyun Ning
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
| | - Xiaoling Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510641, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction
- South China University of Technology
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Bruinink A, Bitar M, Pleskova M, Wick P, Krug HF, Maniura-Weber K. Addition of nanoscaled bioinspired surface features: A revolution for bone related implants and scaffolds? J Biomed Mater Res A 2013; 102:275-94. [PMID: 23468287 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Our expanding ability to handle the "literally invisible" building blocks of our world has started to provoke a seismic shift on the technology, environment and health sectors of our society. During the last two decades, it has become increasingly evident that the "nano-sized" subunits composing many materials—living, natural and synthetic—are becoming more and more accessible for predefined manipulations at the nanosize scale. The use of equally nanoscale sized or functionalised tools may, therefore, grant us unprecedented prospects to achieve many therapeutic aims. In the past decade it became clear that nano-scale surface topography significantly influences cell behaviour and may, potentially, be utilised as a powerful tool to enhance the bioactivity and/ or integration of implanted devices. In this review, we briefly outline the state of the art and some of the current approaches and concepts for the future utilisation of nanotechnology to create biomimetic implantable medical devices and scaffolds for in vivo and in vitro tissue engineering,with a focus on bone. Based on current knowledge it must be concluded that not the materials and surfaces themselves but the systematic biological evaluation of these new material concepts represent the bottleneck for new biomedical product development based on nanotechnological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arie Bruinink
- Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Laboratory for Materials - Biology Interaction, Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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van Oirschot BAJA, Alghamdi HS, Närhi TO, Anil S, Al Farraj Aldosari A, van den Beucken JJJP, Jansen JA. In vivoevaluation of bioactive glass-based coatings on dental implants in a dog implantation model. Clin Oral Implants Res 2012; 25:21-8. [DOI: 10.1111/clr.12060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Hamdan S. Alghamdi
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; Nijmegen the Netherlands
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Timo O. Närhi
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry; University of Turku; Turku Finland
| | - Sukumaran Anil
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dentistry; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Dental Implant and Osseointegration Research Chair (DIORC); College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Al Farraj Aldosari
- Dental Implant and Osseointegration Research Chair (DIORC); College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
- Department of Prosthetic Science; College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | | | - John A. Jansen
- Department of Biomaterials; Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center; Nijmegen the Netherlands
- Dental Implant and Osseointegration Research Chair (DIORC); College of Dentistry; King Saud University; Riyadh Saudi Arabia
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Abstract
In surgical disciplines, where bones have to be repaired, augmented or improved, bone substitutes are essential. Therefore, an interest has dramatically increased in application of synthetic bone grafts. As various interactions among cells, surrounding tissues and implanted biomaterials always occur at the interfaces, the surface properties of the implants are of the paramount importance in determining both the biological response to implants and the material response to the physiological conditions. Hence, a surface engineering is aimed to modify both the biomaterials, themselves, and biological responses through introducing desirable changes to the surface properties of the implants but still maintaining their bulk mechanical properties. To fulfill these requirements, a special class of artificial bone grafts has been introduced in 1976. It is composed of various mechanically stable (therefore, suitable for load bearing applications) biomaterials and/or bio-devices with calcium orthophosphate coatings, films and layers on their surfaces to both improve interactions with the surrounding tissues and provide an adequate bonding to bones. Many production techniques of calcium orthophosphate coatings, films and layers have been already invented and new promising techniques are continuously investigated. These specialized coatings, films and layers used to improve the surface properties of various types of artificial implants are the topic of this review.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The osteoinductivity of silicate-substituted calcium phosphate and stoichiometric calcium phosphate was investigated with use of ectopic implantation. Implants with a macroporosity of 80% and a strut porosity of 30% were inserted into sites located in the left and right paraspinal muscles of six female sheep. METHODS After twelve weeks in vivo, a longitudinal thin section was prepared through the center of each implant. Bone formation within the implant, bone formation in contact with the implant surface, and implant resorption were quantified with use of a line intersection method. The specimens were also analyzed with use of backscattered scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. RESULTS Silicate substitution had a significant effect on the formation of bone both within the implant and on the implant surface during the twelve-week period. Bone area within the implant was greater in the silicate-substituted calcium phosphate group (mean, 7.65% ± 3.2%) than in the stoichiometric calcium phosphate group (0.99% ± 0.9%, p = 0.01). The amount of bone formed at the surface of the implant was also significantly greater in the silicate-substituted calcium phosphate group (mean, 26.00% ± 7.8%) than in the stoichiometric calcium phosphate group (2.2% ± 2.0%, p = 0.01). Scanning electron microscopy demonstrated bone formation within pores that were <5 μm in size, and energy-dispersive x-ray analysis confirmed the presence of silicon within the new bone in the silicate-substituted calcium phosphate group. CONCLUSIONS The formation of bone within muscle during the twelve-week period showed both silicate-substituted calcium phosphate and stoichiometric calcium phosphate to be osteoinductive in an ovine model. Silicate substitution significantly increased the amount of bone that formed and the amount of bone attached to the implant surface. New bone formation occurred through an intramembranous process within the implant structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Coathup
- John Scales Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, United Kingdom.
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Dinarvand P, Seyedjafari E, Shafiee A, Jandaghi AB, Doostmohammadi A, Fathi MH, Farhadian S, Soleimani M. New approach to bone tissue engineering: simultaneous application of hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass coated on a poly(L-lactic acid) scaffold. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2011; 3:4518-24. [PMID: 21999213 DOI: 10.1021/am201212u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A combination of bioceramics and polymeric nanofibers holds promising potential for bone tissue engineering applications. In the present study, hydroxyapatite (HA), bioactive glass (BG), and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) particles were coated on the surface of electrospun poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) nanofibers, and the capacity of the PLLA, BG-PLLA, HA-PLLA, HA-BG-PLLA, and TCP-PLLA scaffolds for bone regeneration was investigated in rat critical-size defects using digital mammography, multislice spiral-computed tomography (MSCT) imaging, and histological analysis. Electrospun scaffolds exhibited a nanofibrous structure with a homogeneous distribution of bioceramics along the surface of PLLA nanofibers. A total of 8 weeks after implantation, no sign of complication or inflammation was observed at the site of the calvarial bone defect. On the basis of imaging analysis, a higher level of bone reconstruction was observed in the animals receiving HA-, BG-, and TCP-coated scaffolds compared to an untreated control group. In addition, simultaneous coating of HA and BG induced the highest regeneration among all groups. Histological staining confirmed these findings and also showed an efficient osseointegration in HA-BG-coated nanofibers. On the whole, it was demonstrated that nanofibrous structures could serve as an appropriate support to guide the healing process, and coating their surface with bioceramics enhanced bone reconstruction. These bioceramic-coated scaffolds can be used as new bone-graft substitutes capable of efficiently inducing osteoconduction and osseointegration in orthopedic fractures and defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peyman Dinarvand
- Stem Cell Biology Department, Stem Cell Technology Research Center, Tehran, Iran
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Keränen P, Moritz N, Alm JJ, Ylänen H, Kommonen B, Aro HT. Bioactive glass microspheres as osteopromotive inlays in macrotextured surfaces of Ti and CoCr alloy bone implants: Trapezoidal surface grooves without inlay most efficient in resisting torsional forces. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 4:1483-91. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2011] [Accepted: 05/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Jayakumar R, Chennazhi KP, Srinivasan S, Nair SV, Furuike T, Tamura H. Chitin scaffolds in tissue engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:1876-87. [PMID: 21673928 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12031876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/11/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering/regeneration is based on the hypothesis that healthy stem/progenitor cells either recruited or delivered to an injured site, can eventually regenerate lost or damaged tissue. Most of the researchers working in tissue engineering and regenerative technology attempt to create tissue replacements by culturing cells onto synthetic porous three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds, which is currently regarded as an ideal approach to enhance functional tissue regeneration by creating and maintaining channels that facilitate progenitor cell migration, proliferation and differentiation. The requirements that must be satisfied by such scaffolds include providing a space with the proper size, shape and porosity for tissue development and permitting cells from the surrounding tissue to migrate into the matrix. Recently, chitin scaffolds have been widely used in tissue engineering due to their non-toxic, biodegradable and biocompatible nature. The advantage of chitin as a tissue engineering biomaterial lies in that it can be easily processed into gel and scaffold forms for a variety of biomedical applications. Moreover, chitin has been shown to enhance some biological activities such as immunological, antibacterial, drug delivery and have been shown to promote better healing at a faster rate and exhibit greater compatibility with humans. This review provides an overview of the current status of tissue engineering/regenerative medicine research using chitin scaffolds for bone, cartilage and wound healing applications. We also outline the key challenges in this field and the most likely directions for future development and we hope that this review will be helpful to the researchers working in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Zhu M, Zhang L, He Q, Zhao J, Limin G, Shi J. Mesoporous bioactive glass-coated poly(l-lactic acid) scaffolds: a sustained antibioticdrug release system for bone repairing. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0jm02179b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jayakumar R, Menon D, Manzoor K, Nair S, Tamura H. Biomedical applications of chitin and chitosan based nanomaterials—A short review. Carbohydr Polym 2010; 82:227-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2010.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 933] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Mortazavi V, Nahrkhalaji MM, Fathi MH, Mousavi SB, Esfahani BN. Antibacterial effects of sol-gel-derived bioactive glass nanoparticle on aerobic bacteria. J Biomed Mater Res A 2010; 94:160-8. [PMID: 20127997 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.32678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial effect of bioactive glass nanopowders. The 58S, 63S, and 72S compositions were prepared via the sol-gel technique. Characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Zetasizer, and X-ray fluorescent were used. The antibacterial activity was studied using Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, and Staphylococcus aureus. Cytotoxicity of the samples was evaluated using mouse fibroblast L929 cell line. The chemical compositions of the prepared samples were as predicted, and the particle size of the samples with an amorphous structure mainly ranged over 20-90 nm. At broth concentrations below 50 mg/mL, they showed no antibacterial activity. The 58S showed the highest antibacterial activity with the minimum bactericidal concentrations of 50 and 100 mg/mL for E. coli plus S. aureus and for P. aeruginosa, respectively. The 63S exhibited bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on E. coli and S. aureus at concentrations of 100 and 50 mg/mL, respectively, at an minimum bactericidal concentrations of 100 mg/mL. However, 72S bioactive glass nanopowder showed no antibacterial effect. They showed no cytotoxicity. It was concluded that bioactive glass nanopowders could be considered as good candidates for the treatment of oral bone defects and root canal disinfection. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mortazavi
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Torabinejad Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
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Saino E, Maliardi V, Quartarone E, Fassina L, Benedetti L, De Angelis MGC, Mustarelli P, Facchini A, Visai L. In VitroEnhancement of SAOS-2 Cell Calcified Matrix Deposition onto Radio Frequency Magnetron Sputtered Bioglass-Coated Titanium Scaffolds. Tissue Eng Part A 2010; 16:995-1008. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2009.0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Saino
- Medicine Section, Department of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
| | - Valentina Maliardi
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Eliana Quartarone
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Fassina
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Computer and Systems Science, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Laura Benedetti
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Piercarlo Mustarelli
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Livia Visai
- Medicine Section, Department of Biochemistry, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Center for Tissue Engineering (C.I.T), Pavia, Italy
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Caridade SG, Merino EG, Luz GM, Alves N, Mano JF. Bioactivity and Viscoelastic Characterization in Physiological Simulated Conditions of Chitosan/Bioglass® Composite Membranes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 636-637:26-30. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A number of combinations of biodegradable polymers and bioactive ceramics have been used for orthopaedic applications including in hard tissue regeneration. Ideally, composites aimed to be used in orthopaedic applications should combine adequate mechanical properties and bioactivity. Chitosan (CTS) has been widely used for biomedical applications, namely in tissue regeneration or drug delivery. In this sense, membranes of chitosan and chitosan with Bioglass® (BG) were prepared by solvent casting and characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy. In vitro bioactivity tests were performed in the composite membranes, namely by monitoring their capability to induce the precipitation of apatite upon immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The results showed that the addition of BG promoted the deposition of an apatite-like layer. The deposition of apatite could influence the mechanical performance of the material. Therefore, in order to follow this biomineralization, the viscoelastic properties of these composite membranes (immersed in SBF) were evaluated. The change in the storage modulus (E’) and the loss factor (Tan δ) were measured as a function of immersion time using non-conventional dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) tests, in which the samples were kept in wet conditions and at 37°C during the measurements. The mechanical properties of the chitosan membranes were improved by the addition of BG particles. An increase on the storage modulus was observed by the composite membranes while for the pure chitosan membranes the storage modulus was stable up to 7 days. Clear changes were detected in the composite membranes that contrasted with pure chitosan (CTS) membranes that exhibit stable viscoelastic properties up to 7 days. In addition, this work showed that sample characterization in the hydrated state can be useful to predict the mechanical performance of composites under meaningful physiological conditions.
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Granito RN, Ribeiro DA, Rennó ACM, Ravagnani C, Bossini PS, Peitl-Filho O, Zanotto ED, Parizotto NA, Oishi J. Effects of biosilicate and bioglass 45S5 on tibial bone consolidation on rats: a biomechanical and a histological study. J Mater Sci Mater Med 2009; 20:2521-2526. [PMID: 19644654 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3824-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Accepted: 07/14/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Bioglass 45S5 and Biosilicate, on bone defects inflicted on the tibia of rats. Fifty male Wistar rats were used in this study, and divided into five groups, including a control group, to test Biosilicate and Bioglass materials of two different particle sizes (180-212 microm or 300-355 microm). All animals were sacrificed 15 days after surgery. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were found when values for Maximal load, Energy Absorption and Structural Stiffness were compared among the groups. Histopathological evaluation revealed osteogenic activity in the bone defect for the control group. Nevertheless, it seems that the amount of fully formed bone was higher in specimens treated with Biosilicate (granulometry 300-355 microm) when compared to the control group. The same picture occurred regarding Biosilicate with granulometry 180-212 microm. Morphometric findings for bone area results (%) showed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) among the groups. Taken together, such findings suggest that, Biosilicate exerts more osteogenic activity when compared to Bioglass under subjective histopathological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata N Granito
- Department of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil.
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Peter M, Sudheesh Kumar PT, Binulal NS, Nair SV, Tamura H, Jayakumar R. Development of novel α-chitin/nanobioactive glass ceramic composite scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. Carbohydr Polym 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2009.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The host response to titanium and its alloys is not always favorable, as a fibrous layer may form at the skeletal tissue-device interface, causing aseptic loosening. Therefore, a great deal of current orthopedic research is focused on developing implants with improved osseointegration properties in order to increase their clinical success. Promising new studies have been reported regarding coating the currently available implants with various coating materials and techniques so as to improve the long-term stability of implants. This article will discuss various coating materials developed, their advantages and disadvantages as coating materials and their biological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogambha Ramaswamy
- Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Research Unit, Biomedical Engineering, School of Aerospace, Mechanical, Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
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Schouten C, Meijer GJ, van den Beucken JJJP, Spauwen PHM, Jansen JA. Effects of implant geometry, surface properties, and TGF-β1 on peri-implant bone response: an experimental study in goats. Clin Oral Implants Res 2009; 20:421-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0501.2008.01657.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hong Z, Reis RL, Mano JF. Preparation andin vitrocharacterization of novel bioactive glass ceramic nanoparticles. J Biomed Mater Res A 2009; 88:304-13. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.31848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Sun F, Sask K, Brash J, Zhitomirsky I. Surface modifications of Nitinol for biomedical applications. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 67:132-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2008] [Accepted: 08/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hong Z, Reis RL, Mano JF. Preparation and in vitro characterization of scaffolds of poly(L-lactic acid) containing bioactive glass ceramic nanoparticles. Acta Biomater 2008; 4:1297-306. [PMID: 18439885 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2008.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2007] [Revised: 03/04/2008] [Accepted: 03/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porous nanocomposite scaffolds of poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) containing different quantities of bioactive glass ceramic (BGC) nanoparticles (SiO(2):CaO:P(2)O(5) approximately 55:40:5 (mol)) were prepared by a thermally induced phase-separation method. Dioxane was used as the solvent for PLLA. Introduction of less than 20wt.% of BGC nanoparticles did not remarkably affect the porosity of PLLA foam. However, as the BGC content increased to 30wt.%, the porosity of the composite was observed to decrease rapidly. The compressive modulus of the scaffolds increased from 5.5 to 8.0MPa, while the compressive strength increased from 0.28 to 0.35MPa as the BGC content increased from 0 to 30wt.%. The in vitro bioactivity and biodegradability of nanocomposites were investigated by incubation in simulated body fluid (SBF) and phosphate-buffered saline, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were employed to monitor the surface variation of neat PLLA and PLLA/BGC porous scaffolds during incubation. PLLA/(20wt.%)BGC composite exhibited the best mineralization property in SBF, while the PLLA/(10wt.%)BGC composite showed the highest water absorption ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongkui Hong
- University of Minho, 3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, Department of Polymer Engineering, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
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Wolke JG, van den Beucken JJ, Jansen JA. Growth Behavior of Rat Bone Marrow Cells on RF Magnetron Sputtered Bioglass- and Calcium Phosphate Coatings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 361-363:253-6. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.361-363.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The RF magnetron sputter technique was used to deposit Bioglass (BG) and
hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings onto titanium substrates. The aim of this study was evaluated
the growth behavior of rat bone marrow cells of various deposited coatings.
The EDS measurements demonstrated that the composition BG coating was changed during
magnetron sputtering. The rat bone marrow derived osteoblast-like cells showed improved
osteogenic response on crystalline magnetron sputtered HA coatings compared BG coatings.
Scanning electron microscopical examination showed an extensive mineralization after 16
days of culture, while on the surface of the BG coating only a multilayer without
mineralization could be observed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT A number of different synthetic calcium-based bone graft substitutes (BGS) are currently available for clinical use. There is, however, a lack of comparative performance data regarding the relative efficacy of these materials when placed in an osseous defect site. PURPOSE To compare the rate, quality, and extent of osseous healing in a standard rabbit defect model for three commercially available BGS materials by measuring early bone formation and completion of defect healing and to identify whether rapid scaffold resorption stimulated or impaired bone healing. STUDY DESIGN Osteochondral defects, 4.8 mm in diameter and 6 to 7 mm deep, were made through the articular surface into the subchondral bone of the femoral condyle of New Zealand White rabbits and filled with cylindrical pellets of one of three commercially available BGS materials: dense calcium sulfate (DCaS), ultraporous tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), and porous silicated calcium phosphate (Si-CaP). The repair response was examined at 1, 3, 6, and 12 weeks after surgery (n=4 per BGS per time point). METHOD Qualitative histological and quantitative histomorphometric (% new bone, % bone graft substitute, capillary index, and mineral apposition rates) analysis. RESULTS Rapid resorption of D-CaS, primarily through dissolution, elicited a mild inflammatory response that left the defect site empty before significant quantities of new bone were formed. Both beta-TCP and Si-CaP scaffolds supported early bone apposition (<1 week). However, beta-TCP degradation products subsequently provoked an inflammatory response that impaired and reversed bone apposition within the defect site. The Si-CaP scaffolds appeared to be more stable and supported further bone apposition, with the development of an adaptive bone-scaffold composite; cell-mediated resorption of scaffold and new bone were observed in response to local load and contributed to the production of a functional repair within the defect site. CONCLUSIONS Rapid BGS resorption impaired the regenerative ability of local bone via three pathways: 1) insufficient persistence of an osteoconductive scaffold to encourage bone apposition, 2) destabilization of early bony apposition through scaffold disintegration, and 3) stimulation of an inflammatory response by elevated levels of particulate degradation products. This had a significant impact on the ultimate rate of healing. D-CaS did not stimulate early bone apposition, but bone repair was more advanced in D-CaS-treated defects at 12 weeks as compared with those treated with beta-TCP, despite the beta-TCP supporting direct bone apposition at 1 week. Si-CaP appeared to provide a more stable osteoconductive scaffold, which supported faster angiogenesis and bone apposition throughout the defect site, with the development of a functionally adaptive trabecular structure through resorption/remodelling of both scaffold and new bone. There was rapid formation of mineralized tissue at week 1 within the center of the defect and complete infiltration with dense, predominantly mature bone by weeks 3 to 6. The progressive remodeling of bone ingrowth and scaffold to reflect the distribution of local host tissue, combined with histological evidence of targeted osteoclastic resorption of both scaffold and bone, suggest that bone adaptation within the scaffold could be in response to Wolff's law. Although this model may not directly translate to a spinal fusion model and the products may vary according to the environment, these results suggest that, in patients in whom bone regeneration may be compromised, the degradation observed with some resorbable bone grafts may contribute to the decoupling of bone regeneration and resorbtion within the graft site, which may ultimately lead to incomplete bone repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Hing
- IRC in Biomedical Materials, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.
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Hing KA, Revell PA, Smith N, Buckland T. Effect of silicon level on rate, quality and progression of bone healing within silicate-substituted porous hydroxyapatite scaffolds. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5014-26. [PMID: 16790272 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2006] [Accepted: 05/15/2006] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The osseous response to silicon (Si) level (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.5 wt% Si) within 5 batches of matched porosity silicate-substituted hydroxyapatite (SA) scaffold was assessed by implantation of 4.6 mm diameter cylinders in the femoral intercondylar notch of New Zealand White rabbits for periods of 1, 3, 6 and 12 weeks. Histological evaluation and histomorphometric quantification of bone ingrowth and mineral apposition rate (MAR) demonstrated the benefits to early (<1 week) bone ingrowth and repair through incorporation of Si, at all levels, in porous hydroxyapatite (HA) lattices as compared to stoichiometric (0 wt% Si) HA. The group containing 0.8 wt% Si supported significantly more bone ingrowth than all other groups at 3 and 6 weeks (P<0.05), initially through its elevated MAR between weeks 1 and 2, which was significantly higher than that of all other Si-containing groups (P<0.05). The level of silicate substitution also influenced the morphology and stability of the repair, with elevated levels of bone resorption and apposition apparent within other Si-containing groups at timepoints >3 weeks as compared to the 0 and 0.8 wt% Si groups. At 12 weeks, the net amount of bone ingrowth continued to rise in the 0, 0.8 and 1.5 wt% groups, apparently as a result of adaptive remodelling throughout the scaffold. Ingrowth levels remained highest in the 0.8 wt% Si group, was characterised by a dense trabecular morphology in the superficial region graduating to a more open network in the deep zone. These results highlight the sensitivity of healing response to Si level and suggest that an optimal response is obtained when SA is substituted with 0.8 wt% Si through its effect on the activity of both bone forming and bone resorbing cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin A Hing
- Department of Materials, IRC in Biomedical Materials, Queen Mary University of London, London E14NS, UK.
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Otsuki B, Takemoto M, Fujibayashi S, Neo M, Kokubo T, Nakamura T. Pore throat size and connectivity determine bone and tissue ingrowth into porous implants: three-dimensional micro-CT based structural analyses of porous bioactive titanium implants. Biomaterials 2006; 27:5892-900. [PMID: 16945409 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2006.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2006] [Accepted: 08/07/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A porous structure comprises pores and pore throats with a complex three-dimensional (3D) network structure, and many investigators have described the relationship between average pore size and the amount of bone ingrowth. However, the influence of network structure or pore throats for tissue ingrowth has rarely been discussed. Four types of bioactive porous titanium implants with different pore sizes and porosities (6mm in diameter and 15 mm long) were analyzed using specific algorithms for 3D analysis of interconnectivity based on a micro focus X-ray computed tomography system. In vivo histomorphometric analysis was performed using the very same implants implanted into the femoral condyles of male rabbits for 6 and 12 weeks. This matching study revealed that more poorly differentiated pores tended to have narrow pore throats, especially in their shorter routes to the outside. In addition, for assessment of the entire implant, we proposed new two indices that represent the degree of bone and tissue ingrowth into an implant by considering the effect of narrow pore throats. Data obtained suggest that this sort of novel analysis is useful for evaluating bone and tissue ingrowth into porous biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bungo Otsuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
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Izquierdo-Barba I, Conde F, Olmo N, Lizarbe MA, García MA, Vallet-Regí M. Vitreous SiO2-CaO coatings on Ti6Al4V alloys: reactivity in simulated body fluid versus osteoblast cell culture. Acta Biomater 2006; 2:445-55. [PMID: 16765884 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2006.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Revised: 01/23/2006] [Accepted: 02/09/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Vitreous coatings of the SiO(2)-CaO system have been prepared on Ti6Al4V substrates by the sol-gel method. The textural parameters (porosity and roughness) and thickness of the films obtained increase when the concentration of the precursor solutions is raised. In vitro studies of these coatings have been performed using two approaches: soaking in simulated body fluid, and by growing osteoblasts on these materials. The results of both studies show differences in terms of chemical reactivity. While in simulated body fluid the coatings were dissolved without forming a bioactive surface, when osteoblast-like cells grew on the coatings they were more stable. Furthermore, cell culture assays show biocompatible behavior of these coatings making them of potential interest for clinical applications. The effect of the textural parameters of the obtained coatings on the cell functions (attachment, spreading, proliferation and differentiation) has also been studied. The results show an increase in these cell parameters as the roughness and porosity of the coatings increase.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Izquierdo-Barba
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Bioinorgánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Yang XB, Webb D, Blaker J, Boccaccini AR, Maquet V, Cooper C, Oreffo ROC. Evaluation of human bone marrow stromal cell growth on biodegradable polymer/Bioglass® composites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2006; 342:1098-107. [PMID: 16516859 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2006] [Accepted: 02/05/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bone tissue engineering using human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (HBMCs) and biocompatible materials provides an attractive approach to regenerate bone tissue to meet the major clinical need. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of novel porous biodegradable composite materials consisting of a bioactive phase (45S5 Bioglass, 0, 5, and 40 wt%) incorporated within a biodegradable poly(dl-lactic acid) matrix, on HBMCs growth. Cell adhesion, spreading, and viability was examined using Cell Tracker Green/Ethidium Homodimer-1. Bone formation was assessed using scaffolds seeded with stro-1 positive HBMCs in nude mice. In vitro biochemistry indicated that with minimal scaffold pre-treatment osteoblast activity falls with increasing Bioglass content. However, 24h scaffold pre-treatment with serum resulted in a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase specific activity in 5 wt% Bioglass composites relative to the 0 and 40 wt% Bioglass groups. In vivo studies indicate significant new bone formation throughout all the scaffolds, as evidenced by immunohistochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuebin B Yang
- Bone and Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
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Takemoto M, Fujibayashi S, Neo M, Suzuki J, Kokubo T, Nakamura T. Mechanical properties and osteoconductivity of porous bioactive titanium. Biomaterials 2005; 26:6014-23. [PMID: 15885769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Porous bioactive titanium implants (porosity of 40%) were produced by a plasma-spray method and subsequent chemical and thermal treatments of immersion in a 5M aqueous NaOH solution at 60 degrees C for 24 h, immersion in distilled water at 40 degrees C for 48 h, and heating to 600 degrees C for 1 h. Compression strength and bending strength were 280 MPa (0.2% offset yield strength 85.2 MPa) and 101 MPa, respectively. For in vivo analysis, bioactive and nontreated porous titanium cylinders were implanted into 6mm diameter holes in rabbit femoral condyles. The percentage of bone-implant contact (affinity index) of the bioactive implants (BGs) was significantly larger than for the nontreated implants (CGs) at all postimplantation times (13.5 versus 10.5, 16.7 versus 12.7, 17.7 versus 10.2, 19.1 versus 7.8 at 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, respectively). The percentage of bone area ingrowth showed a significant increase with the BGs, whereas with the CGs it appeared to decrease after 4 weeks (10.7 versus 9.9, 12.3 versus 13.1, 15.2 versus 9.8, 20.6 versus 8.7 at 2, 4, 8 and 16 weeks, respectively). These results suggest that porous bioactive titanium has sufficient mechanical properties and biocompatibility for clinical use under load-bearing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Takemoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Shogoin, Kawahara-cho 54, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
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Wolke JG, Vandenbulcke E, van Oirschot B, Jansen JA. A Study to the Surface Characteristics of RF Magnetron Sputtered Bioglass - and Calcium Phosphate Coatings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 284-286:187-90. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.284-286.187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The RF magnetron sputter technique was used to deposit Bioglass (BG) and
hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings onto titanium substrates. In the current study, the physico-chemical and dissolution properties of various deposited coatings were investigated. X-ray diffraction demonstrated that the as-sputtered coatings had an amorphous structure, a heattreatment for 2 hours at 600°C changed only the HA coating into a crystalline apatite structure. Dissolution experiments demonstrated that all the amorphous coatings dissolved during the incubation for 4 weeks in simulated body fluid, while all the heattreated sputter coatings were still maintained. In contrast with the HA heattreated sputter coatings all the bioglass containing sputter coatings showed the formation of a crystalline apatite phase. Scanning electron microscopical examination of the sputtered coatings demonstrated that on all the heattreated BG/HG sputter coating a thick CaP precipitate was formed, while on the BG sputter coating occasionally a globular precipitate was observed.
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Day RM, Boccaccini AR, Shurey S, Roether JA, Forbes A, Hench LL, Gabe SM. Assessment of polyglycolic acid mesh and bioactive glass for soft-tissue engineering scaffolds. Biomaterials 2005; 25:5857-66. [PMID: 15172498 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2004] [Accepted: 01/20/2004] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Sufficient neovascularization of neotissue is currently a limiting factor for the engineering of large tissue constructs. 45S5 Bioglass has been investigated extensively in bone tissue engineering but there has been relatively little previous research on its application to soft-tissue engineering. The objectives of this study were to investigate the use of 45S5 Bioglass in soft-tissue engineering scaffolds using in vitro and in vivo models. A fibroblast cell line (208F) was used for in vitro evaluation of surfaces coated with 45S5 Bioglass. Increased proliferation of fibroblasts was observed after growth on polystyrene surfaces coated with low concentrations (0.01-0.2%wt/vol) of 45S5 Bioglass for 24 h in vitro, determined as a change in total cell number by measuring lactate dehydrogenase. At higher concentrations of 45S5 Bioglass and longer periods of incubation (48 and 72 h) on coated surfaces, cell proliferation was reduced. Light microscopy revealed that the morphology of fibroblasts grown on 45S5 Bioglass-coated surfaces was not altered at low concentrations, but at higher concentrations fibroblasts became vacuolated. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of conditioned culture medium collected from fibroblasts grown for 24 h on surfaces coated with low concentrations of 45S5 Bioglass (0.01%wt/vol) was found to contain significantly higher concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor. Histological examination of polyglycolic acid (PGA)/45S5 Bioglass composite scaffolds that had been implanted subcutaneously into rats revealed that 45S5 Bioglass-coated meshes were well tolerated. Light microscopy revealed that neovascularization into 45S5 Bioglass-coated meshes was significantly increased at 28 and 42 days. Electron microscopy revealed fibroblasts adhering closely to the PGA mesh but not to 45S5 Bioglass particles. The apparent ability of 45S5 Bioglass incorporated into scaffolds to increase neovascularization would be extremely beneficial during the engineering of larger soft-tissue constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M Day
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Group, St Mark's Hospital & Academic Institute, Watford Road, Harrow HA1 3UJ, UK.
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