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Sadasivan SM, Loveless IM, Chen Y, Gupta NS, Sanii R, Bobbitt KR, Chitale DA, Williamson SR, Rundle AG, Rybicki BA. Patterns of B-cell lymphocyte expression changes in pre- and post-malignant prostate tissue are associated with prostate cancer progression. Cancer Med 2024; 13:e7118. [PMID: 38523528 PMCID: PMC10961600 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.7118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKROUND Inflammation characterized by the presence of T and B cells is often observed in prostate cancer, but it is unclear how T- and B-cell levels change during carcinogenesis and whether such changes influence disease progression. METHODS The study used a retrospective sample of 73 prostate cancer cases (45 whites and 28 African Americans) that underwent surgery as their primary treatment and had a benign prostate biopsy at least 1 year before diagnosis. CD3+, CD4+, and CD20+ lymphocytes were quantified by immunohistochemistry in paired pre- and post-diagnostic benign prostate biopsy and tumor surgical specimens, respectively. Clusters of similar trends of expression across two different timepoints and three distinct prostate regions-benign biopsy glands (BBG), tumor-adjacent benign glands (TAG), and malignant tumor glandular (MTG) regions-were identified using Time-series Anytime Density Peaks Clustering (TADPole). A Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) of time to biochemical recurrence associated with region-specific lymphocyte counts and regional trends. RESULTS The risk of biochemical recurrence was significantly reduced in men with an elevated CD20+ count in TAG (HR = 0.81, p = 0.01) after adjusting for covariates. Four distinct patterns of expression change across the BBG-TAG-MTG regions were identified for each marker. For CD20+, men with low expression in BBG and higher expression in TAG compared to MTG had an adjusted HR of 3.06 (p = 0.03) compared to the reference group that had nominal differences in CD20+ expression across all three regions. The two CD3+ expression patterns that featured lower CD3+ expression in the BBG compared to the TAG and MTG regions had elevated HRs ranging from 3.03 to 4.82 but did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Longitudinal and spatial expression patterns of both CD3+ and CD20+ suggest that increased expression in benign glands during prostate carcinogenesis is associated with an aggressive disease course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha M. Sadasivan
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Ian M. Loveless
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Yalei Chen
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Nilesh S. Gupta
- Department of PathologyHenry Ford HospitalDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Ryan Sanii
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
| | - Kevin R. Bobbitt
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
| | | | | | - Andrew G. Rundle
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public HealthColumbia UniversityNew YorkNew YorkUSA
| | - Benjamin A. Rybicki
- Department of Public Health SciencesHenry Ford HospitalHenry Ford Health + Michigan State University Health SciencesDetroitMichiganUSA
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2
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Li S, Kang Y, Zeng Y. Targeting tumor and bone microenvironment: Novel therapeutic opportunities for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients with bone metastasis. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189033. [PMID: 38040267 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Despite standard hormonal therapy that targets the androgen receptor (AR) attenuates prostate cancer (PCa) effectively in the initial stage, the tumor ultimately converts to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), and the acquired resistance is still a great challenge for the management of advanced prostate cancer patients. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of multiple cellular and noncellular agents is well known as a vital role during the development and progression of CRPC by establishing communication between TME and tumor cells. Additionally, as primary prostate cancer progresses towards metastasis, and CRPC always experiences bone metastasis, the TME is conducive to the spread of tumors to the distant sits, particularly in bone. In addition, the bone microenvironment (BME) is also closely related to the survival, growth and colonization of metastatic tumor cells. The present review summarized the recent studies which mainly focused on the role of TME or BME in the CRPC patients with bone metastasis, and discussed the underlying mechanisms, as well as the potential therapeutic values of targeting TME and BME in the management of metastatic CRPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglong Li
- Second ward of Bone and Soft Tissue Tumor Surgery,Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China; The Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Research on Gastrointestinal Tumor Combining Medicine with Engineering, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Kang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu Zeng
- Department of Urology, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, China.
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3
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Wang H, Chen Y, Zhao W, Liu H, Tu H, Xia Z, Wang R, Tang J, Zhu C, Li R, Liu X, Gu P. A Five Glutamine-Associated Signature Predicts Prognosis of Prostate Cancer and Links Glutamine Metabolism with Tumor Microenvironment. J Clin Med 2023; 12:2243. [PMID: 36983244 PMCID: PMC10056698 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamine has been recognized as an important amino acid that provide a variety of intermediate products to fuel biosynthesis. Glutamine metabolism participates in the progression of the tumor via various mechanisms. However, glutamine-metabolism-associated signatures and its significance in prostate cancer are still unclear. In this current study, we identified five genes associated with glutamine metabolism by univariate and Lasso regression analysis and constructed a model to predict the biochemical recurrence free survival (BCRFS) of PCa. Further validation of the prognostic risk model demonstrated a good efficacy in predicting the BCRFS in PCa patients. Interestingly, based on the CIBERSORTx, ssGSEA and ESTIMATE algorithms predictions, we noticed a distinct immune cell infiltration and immune pathway pattern in the prediction of the two risk groups stratified by the risk model. Drug sensitivity prediction revealed that patients in the high-risk group were more suitable for chemotherapy. Last but not least, glutamine deprivation significantly inhibited cell growth in GLUL or ASNS knock down prostate cancer cell lines. Therefore, we proposed a novel prognostic model by using glutamine metabolism genes for PCa patients and identified potential mechanism of PCa progression through glutamine-related tumor microenvironment remodeling.
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4
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Li Q, Liu Z, Ma L, Yin W, Zhang K. CACYBP knockdown inhibits progression of prostate cancer via p53. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022:10.1007/s00432-022-04497-x. [PMID: 36576589 PMCID: PMC10356884 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-022-04497-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of genitourinary system in men. CACYCLIN binding protein (CACYBP) is involved in the progression of a variety of cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the expression and functional role of CACYBP in PC. METHODS The expression of CACYBP in PC was evaluated by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining and qRT-PCR. Subsequently, we established lentivirus-mediated CACYBP knockdown in PC cell lines. The biological roles of CACYBP on proliferation, apoptosis, cycle distribution, migration and tumor formation of PC were investigated by Celigo cell counting assay, flow cytometry, transwell assay, wound-healing assay and mice xenograft models, respectively. RESULTS CACYBP was highly expressed in PC and was positively correlated with the pathological grade of PC patients. Knockdown of CACYBP inhibited proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, arrested cell cycle in G2 and suppressed migration of PC cell lines in vitro. In addition, CACYBP knockdown weakened the tumor growth of PC in vivo. Moreover, addition of p53 inhibitor could effectively alleviate the inhibitory effect of CACYBP knockdown on cell activity. CONCLUSION This study revealed that knockdown of CACYBP inhibited the proliferation, migration and tumorigenicity of PC, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Department of Urological Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832008, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zhili Liu
- Department of Urological Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832008, Xinjiang, China
| | - Luping Ma
- Department of Urological Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital School of Medicine, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832008, Xinjiang, China
| | - Weiqi Yin
- Department of Urological Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- Department of Urological Surgery, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, 315010, Zhejiang, China.
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5
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Kraaijvanger R, Veltkamp M. The Role of Cutibacterium acnes in Sarcoidosis: From Antigen to Treatable Trait? Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10081649. [PMID: 36014067 PMCID: PMC9415339 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10081649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes, formerly Propionibacterium acnes) is considered to be a non-pathogenic resident of the human skin, as well as mucosal surfaces. However, it also has been demonstrated that C. acnes plays a pathogenic role in diseases such as acne vulgaris or implant infections after orthopedic surgery. Besides a role in infectious disease, this bacterium also seems to harbor immunomodulatory effects demonstrated by studies using C. acnes to enhance anti-tumor activity in various cancers or vaccination response. Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown causes. Cultures of C. acnes in biopsy samples of sarcoidosis patients, its presence in BAL fluid, tissue samples as well as antibodies against this bacterium found in serum of patients with sarcoidosis suggest an etiological role in this disease. In this review we address the antigenic as well as immunomodulatory potential of C. acnes with a focus on sarcoidosis. Furthermore, a potential role for antibiotic treatment in patients with sarcoidosis will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raisa Kraaijvanger
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Centre of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Veltkamp
- Interstitial Lung Diseases Centre of Excellence, Department of Pulmonology, St. Antonius Hospital, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
- Division of Hearth and Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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6
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Cecil DL, Curtis B, Gad E, Gormley M, Timms AE, Corulli L, Bos R, Damle RN, Sepulveda MA, Disis ML. Anti-tumor activity of a T-helper 1 multiantigen vaccine in a murine model of prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13618. [PMID: 35948756 PMCID: PMC9365795 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17950-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the few malignancies that includes vaccination as a treatment modality. Elements of an effective cancer vaccine should include the ability to elicit a Type I T-cell response and target multiple antigenic proteins expressed early in the disease. Using existing gene datasets encompassing normal prostate tissue and tumors with Gleason Score ≤ 6 and ≥ 8, 10 genes were identified that were upregulated and conserved in prostate cancer regardless of the aggressiveness of disease. These genes encoded proteins also expressed in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Putative Class II epitopes derived from these proteins were predicted by a combination of algorithms and, using human peripheral blood, epitopes which selectively elicited IFN-γ or IL-10 dominant antigen specific cytokine secretion were determined. Th1 selective epitopes were identified for eight antigens. Epitopes from three antigens elicited Th1 dominant immunity in mice; PSMA, HPN, and AMACR. Each single antigen vaccine demonstrated significant anti-tumor activity inhibiting growth of implanted Myc-Cap cells after immunization as compared to control. Immunization with the combination of antigens, however, was superior to each alone in controlling tumor growth. When vaccination occurred simultaneously to tumor implant, multiantigen immunized mice had significantly smaller tumors than controls (p = 0.002) and a significantly improved overall survival (p = 0.0006). This multiantigen vaccine shows anti-tumor activity in a murine model of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise L Cecil
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA.
| | - Benjamin Curtis
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA
| | - Ekram Gad
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA
| | | | - Andrew E Timms
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA
| | - Lauren Corulli
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA
| | - Rinke Bos
- Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Mary L Disis
- Cancer Vaccine Institute, University of Washington, 850 Republican Street, Brotman Bld., 2nd Floor, Box 358050, Seattle, WA, 98195-8050, USA
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7
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Huang L, LaBonte MJ, Craig SG, Finn SP, Allott EH. Inflammation and Prostate Cancer: A Multidisciplinary Approach to Identifying Opportunities for Treatment and Prevention. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1367. [PMID: 35326519 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14061367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a major cause of disease for men globally. Inflammation, an established hallmark of cancer, is frequently observed in the prostate, though its contribution to prostate cancer risks and outcomes is not fully understood. Prostate cancer is biologically and clinically heterogeneous, and there is now evidence that inflammation and immunological characteristics vary by the genomic and mutational landscape of the tumor. Moreover, it is now recognized that risk factor profiles vary between tumor subgroups, as defined by histopathological and molecular features. Here, we provide a review centered around the relationship between inflammation and prostate cancer, with a consideration of molecular tumor features and a particular focus on the advanced and lethal stages of disease. We summarize findings from epidemiological studies of the etiology and role of inflammation in prostate cancer. We discuss the pathology of prostate inflammation, and consider approaches for assessing the tumor immune microenvironment in epidemiological studies. We review emerging clinical therapies targeting immune biology within the context of prostate cancer. Finally, we consider potentially modifiable risk factors and corresponding lifestyle interventions that may affect prostate inflammation, impacting outcomes. These emerging insights will provide some hints for the development of treatment and prevention strategies for advanced and lethal prostate cancer.
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8
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Yi Q, Wei J, Li Y. Effects of miR-103a-3p Targeted Regulation of TRIM66 Axis on Docetaxel Resistance and Glycolysis in Prostate Cancer Cells. Front Genet 2022; 12:813793. [PMID: 35211152 PMCID: PMC8861206 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.813793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: We aimed to study the expressions of miR-103a-3p and TRIM66 in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, explore the direct target genes of miR-103a-3p, and analyze the effects of miR-103a-3p targeted regulation of the TRIM66 axis on docetaxel (DTX) resistance and glycolysis of PCa cells. Methods: Human normal prostate cells and PCa cells were used to detect the expressions of miR-103a-3p and TRIM66 and analyze their relationship. DTX-resistant (DR) PCa cells were established and transfected with miR-103a-3p and TRIM66 plasmids. The MTT assay, the plate cloning assay, the wound healing assay, and the Transwell assay were used to detect cell viability, colony formation, cell migration, and cell invasion, respectively. Cell glycolysis was analyzed using a cell glycolysis kit. Results: The expression of miR-103a-3p was low and that of TRIM66 was high in PCa cells. MiR-103a-3p had a binding site with TRIM66, and the double luciferase report confirmed that they had a targeting relationship. Compared with the PCa group cells, the DTX-resistant group cells showed increased resistance to DTX. The resistance index was 13.33, and the doubling time of the DTX-resistant group cells was significantly longer than that of the PCa group cells. The DTX-resistant group showed more obvious low expression of miR-103a-3p and high expression of TRIM66. After the DTX-resistant group cells were transfected with miR-103a-3p and TRIM66 plasmids, the expression of miR-103a-3p increased significantly and that of TRIM66 decreased significantly. Upregulation of miR-103a-3p and interference with TRIM66 can inhibit the proliferation, metastasis, and glycolysis of DTX-resistant cells. Conclusion: The expression of miR-103a-3p was downregulated and that of TRIM66 was upregulated in the malignant progression of PCa, especially during DTX resistance. Upregulation of miR-103a-3p and interference with TRIM66 can inhibit DTX resistance and glycolysis of PCa cells. Targeting TRIM66 may provide potential application value in molecular therapy for PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Yi
- Department of Urology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Junfeng Wei
- Department of Urology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yangzhou Li
- Department of Urology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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9
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death among men in western countries. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is considered the standard therapy for recurrent prostate cancer; however, this therapy may lead to ADT resistance and tumor progression, which seems to be regulated by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and/or neuroendocrine differentiation (NED). In addition, recent data suggested the involvement of either adaptive or innate infiltrated immune cells in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatment of prostate cancer. In this review, we outlined the characteristics and roles of these immune cells in the initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatments of prostate cancer. We also summarized the current therapeutic strategies in targeting immune cells of the prostate tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Wei-Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji-MedX Stem Cell Research Center, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China; Med-X Research Institute, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
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10
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Davidsson S, Carlsson J, Greenberg L, Wijkander J, Söderquist B, Erlandsson A. Cutibacterium acnes Induces the Expression of Immunosuppressive Genes in Macrophages and is Associated with an Increase of Regulatory T-Cells in Prostate Cancer. Microbiol Spectr 2021; 9:e0149721. [PMID: 34937192 PMCID: PMC8694172 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01497-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumors and infectious agents both benefit from an immunosuppressive environment. Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) is a bacterium in the normal skin microbiota, which has the ability to survive intracellularly in macrophages and is significantly more common in prostate cancer tissue compared with normal prostate tissue. This study investigated if prostate cancer tissue culture positive for C. acnes has a higher infiltration of regulatory T-cells (Tregs) and if macrophages stimulated with C. acnes induced the expression of immunosuppressive genes that could be linked to an increase of Tregs in prostate cancer. Real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISA) were used to examine the expression of immunosuppressive genes in human macrophages stimulated in vitro with C. acnes, and associations between the presence of C. acnes and infiltration of Tregs were investigated by statistically analyzing data generated in two previous studies. The in vitro results demonstrated that macrophages stimulated with C. acnes significantly increased their expression of PD-L1, CCL17, and CCL18 mRNA and protein (p <0.05). In the cohort, Tregs in tumor stroma and tumor epithelia were positively associated with the presence of C. acnes (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.046, respectively). Since the macrophages stimulated with C. acnes in vitro increased the expression of immunosuppressive genes, and prostate cancer patients with prostatic C. acnes infection had higher infiltration of Tregs than their noninfected counterparts, we suggest that C. acnes may contribute to an immunosuppressive tumor environment that is vital for prostate cancer progression. IMPORTANCE In an immune suppressive tumor microenvironment constituted by immunosuppressive cells and immunosuppressive mediators, tumors may improve their ability to give rise to a clinically relevant cancer. In the present study, we found that C. acnes might contribute to an immunosuppressive environment by recruiting Tregs and by increasing the expression of immunosuppressive mediators such as PD-L1, CCL17, and CCL18. We believe that our data add support to the hypothesis of a contributing role of C. acnes in prostate cancer development. If established that C. acnes stimulates prostate cancer progression it may open up avenues for targeted prostate cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Davidsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Larry Greenberg
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Jonny Wijkander
- Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Bo Söderquist
- School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ann Erlandsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
- Department of Environmental and Life Sciences/Biology, Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden
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11
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Xiao L, Peng H, Yan M, Chen S. Silencing ACTG1 Expression Induces Prostate Cancer Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition Through MAPK/ERK Signaling Pathway. DNA Cell Biol 2021; 40:1445-1455. [PMID: 34767732 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2021.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Metastatic prostate cancer (PCa) has become a major obstacle in the treatment of PCa. The study's purpose is to find biomarkers of tumor metastasis by proteomics and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and to design related experiments to study its role in the progress and metastasis of PCa. Method: We analyzed serum from primary PCa stage and metastatic stage of 12 patients to find metastatic PCa serum protein biomarkers using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). An effective diagnostic model based on validated biomarkers using logistic regression was established. In vivo and in vitro biological behavior experiments (wound healing, CCK8, and Transwell tests) were carried out after obtaining the biomarkers. Related mechanism has been studied, which may be associated with metastatic PCa. Result: Actin gamma 1 (ACTG1) is a potential biomarker in the metastasis of PCa. Bioinformatics and related experiments show that ACTG1 is high-expressed in PCa tissues and cells. In vivo and in vitro experiments illustrated that the ability of proliferation, migration, and invasion of PCa cells was significantly inhibited after the knockdown of ACTG1 expression. Surprisingly, ERK protein expression was downregulated after ACTG1 knockdown. At the same time, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related markers in PCa cells decrease after treated with ERK1/2 inhibitor, which indicating that ACTG1 may affect the metastatic ability of PCa cells through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Conclusion: ACTG1 is a marker of metastasis PCa. It mediates cell proliferation and may regulate the metastasis of PCa through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway, which provides a useful theoretical basis for exploring the treatment of PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Xiao
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Xiangyang NO.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Huahong Peng
- Department of Urology, Chengdu Fifth People's Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mo Yan
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Saipeng Chen
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Nagireddy S, Qureshi R, Best J, Frech FS, Shah K, Soni Y, Kuchakulla M, Narasimman M, Arora H. Current Treatment Modalities Targeting Tumor Microenvironment in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Adv Exp Med Biol 2021; 1329:295-323. [PMID: 34664246 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-73119-9_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is responsible for significant cancer-related morbidity and mortality following local treatment failure in men. The initial stages of PCa are typically managed with a combination of surgical resection and/or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). Unfortunately, a significant proportion of PCa continues to progress despite being at castrate levels of testosterone (<50 ng/dl), at which point it is coined castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). In recent years, many novel therapeutics and drug combinations have been created for CRPC patients. These include immune checkpoint inhibitors, chemokine receptor antagonists, steroidogenic enzyme inhibition, and novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors as well as combinations of drugs. The selection of the most appropriate therapy depends on several factors like stage of the disease, age of the patient, metastasis, functional status, and response towards previous therapies. Here, we review the current state of the literature regarding treatment modalities, focusing on the treatment recommendations per the American Urological Association (AUA), recent clinical trials, and their limitations. An accurate and reliable overview of the strengths and limitations of PCa therapeutics could also allow personalized therapeutic interventions against PCa.
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13
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Ware MB, El-Rayes BF, Lesinski GB. Mirage or long-awaited oasis: reinvigorating T-cell responses in pancreatic cancer. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 8:jitc-2020-001100. [PMID: 32843336 PMCID: PMC7449491 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2020-001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is plagued by a dismal 5-year survival rate, early onset of metastasis and limited efficacy of systemic therapies. This scenario highlights the need to fervently pursue novel therapeutic strategies to treat this disease. Recent research has uncovered complicated dynamics within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of PDAC. An abundant stroma provides a framework for interactions between cancer-associated fibroblasts, suppressive myeloid cells and regulatory lymphocytes, which together create an inhospitable environment for adaptive immune responses. This accounts for the poor infiltration and exhausted phenotypes of effector T cells within pancreatic tumors. Innovative studies in genetically engineered mouse models have established that with appropriate pharmacological modulation of suppressive elements in the TME, T cells can be prompted to regress pancreatic tumors. In light of this knowledge, innovative combinatorial strategies involving immunotherapy and targeted therapies working in concert are rapidly emerging. This review will highlight recent advances in the field related to immune suppression in PDAC, emerging preclinical data and rationale for ongoing immunotherapy clinical trials. In particular, we draw attention to foundational findings involving T-cell activity in PDAC and encourage development of novel therapeutics to improve T-cell responses in this challenging disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Brandon Ware
- Hematology and Oncology, Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Bassel F El-Rayes
- Hematology and Oncology, Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Hematology and Oncology, Emory University Winship Cancer Institute, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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14
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Yu L, Xie X, Cao X, Chen J, Chen G, Chen Y, Li G, Qin J, Peng F, Peng C. The Anticancer Potential of Maslinic Acid and Its Derivatives: A Review. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3863-3879. [PMID: 34526766 PMCID: PMC8437384 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s326328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is still an insurmountable problem for humans and critically attacking human health. In recent years, natural products have gained increasing attention in the field of anti-tumor due to their extensive sources and minimal side effects. Maslinic acid (MA), a pentacyclic triterpene acid mainly derived from the olive tree (Olea europaea L.) has been confirmed to possess great anti-cancer effects. This paper reviewed the inhibitory effect of MA and its derivatives on lung cancer, colon cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, lymphatic, leukemia, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, melanoma, prostate cancer, renal cell carcinoma, gallbladder cancer, and bladder cancer, among others. MA inhibited the proliferation of various tumor cells and showed lower IC50 values in melanoma 518A2 cells and gastric cancer MKN28 cells compared with other cell lines. A series of semi-synthetic derivatives obtained by modifying MA chemical structure have been shown to have high cytotoxicity to human tumor cell lines, but low cytotoxicity to non-malignant cells, which is conducive to developing its potential as a chemotherapeutic agent. These studies suggest that MA derivatives have broad prospects in the development of antitumor therapeutics in the future and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaofang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junren Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanru Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gangmin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junyuan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Fu M, Wang Q, Wang H, Dai Y, Wang J, Kang W, Cui Z, Jin X. Immune-Related Genes Are Prognostic Markers for Prostate Cancer Recurrence. Front Genet 2021; 12:639642. [PMID: 34490029 PMCID: PMC8417385 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.639642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PCa) is an immune-responsive disease. The current study sought to explore a robust immune-related prognostic gene signature for PCa. Methods Data were retrieved from the tumor Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and GSE46602 database for performing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) cox regression model analysis. Immune related genes (IRGs) data were retrieved from ImmPort database. Results The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) showed that nine functional modules are correlated with the biochemical recurrence of PCa, including 259 IRGs. Univariate regression analysis and survival analysis identified 35 IRGs correlated with the prognosis of PCa. LASSO Cox regression model analysis was used to construct a risk prognosis model comprising 18 IRGs. Multivariate regression analysis showed that risk score was an independent predictor of the prognosis of PCa. A nomogram comprising a combination of this model and other clinical features showed good prediction accuracy in predicting the prognosis of PCa. Further analysis showed that different risk groups harbored different gene mutations, differential transcriptome expression and different immune infiltration levels. Patients in the high-risk group exhibited more gene mutations compared with those in the low-risk group. Patients in the high-risk groups showed high-frequency mutations in TP53. Immune infiltration analysis showed that M2 macrophages were significantly enriched in the high-risk group implying that it affected prognosis of PCa patients. In addition, immunostimulatory genes were differentially expressed in the high-risk group compared with the low-risk group. BIRC5, as an immune-related gene in the prediction model, was up-regulated in 87.5% of prostate cancer tissues. Knockdown of BIRC5 can inhibit cell proliferation and migration. Conclusion In summary, a risk prognosis model based on IGRs was developed. A nomogram comprising a combination of this model and other clinical features showed good accuracy in predicting the prognosis of PCa. This model provides a basis for personalized treatment of PCa and can help clinicians in making effective treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Fu
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Human Resources, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Hanbo Wang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Human Resources, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Weiting Kang
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zilian Cui
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xunbo Jin
- Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.,Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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16
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Bosas P, Zaleskis G, Dabkevičiene D, Dobrovolskiene N, Mlynska A, Tikuišis R, Ulys A, Pašukoniene V, Jarmalaitė S, Jankevičius F. Immunophenotype Rearrangement in Response to Tumor Excision May Be Related to the Risk of Biochemical Recurrence in Prostate Cancer Patients. J Clin Med 2021; 10:3709. [PMID: 34442004 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10163709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is known to exhibit a wide spectrum of aggressiveness and relatively high immunogenicity. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tumor excision on immunophenotype rearrangements in peripheral blood and to elucidate if it is associated with biochemical recurrence (BCR) in high risk (HR) and low risk (LR) patients. Methods: Radical prostatectomy (RP) was performed on 108 PCa stage pT2–pT3 patients. Preoperative vs. postoperative (one and three months) immunophenotype profile (T- and B-cell subsets, MDSC, NK, and T reg populations) was compared in peripheral blood of LR and HR groups. Results: The BCR-free survival difference was significant between the HR and LR groups. Postoperative PSA decay rate, defined as ePSA, was significantly slower in the HR group and predicted BCR at cut-off level ePSA = −2.0% d−1 (AUC = 0.85 (95% CI, 0.78–0.90). Three months following tumor excision, the LR group exhibited a recovery of natural killer CD3 − CD16+ CD56+ cells, from 232 cells/µL to 317 cells/µL (p < 0.05), which was not detectable in the HR group. Prostatectomy also resulted in an increased CD8+ population in the LR group, mostly due to CD8+ CD69+ compartment (from 186 cells/µL before surgery to 196 cells/µL three months after, p < 001). The CD8+ CD69+ subset increase without total T cell increase was present in the HR group (p < 0.001). Tumor excision resulted in a myeloid-derived suppressor cell (MDSC) number increase from 12.4 cells/µL to 16.2 cells/µL in the HR group, and no change was detectable in LR patients (p = 0.12). An immune signature of postoperative recovery was more likely to occur in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). Open RP (ORP) was associated with increased MDSC numbers (p = 0.002), whereas LRP was characterized by an immunity sparing profile, with no change in MDSC subset (p = 0.16). Conclusion: Tumor excision in prostate cancer patients results in two distinct patterns of immunophenotype rearrangement. The low-risk group is highly responsive, revealing postoperative restoration of T cells, NK cells, and CD8+ CD69+ numbers and the absence of suppressor MDSC increase. The high-risk group presented a limited response, accompanied by a suppressor MDSC increase and CD8+ CD69+ increase. The laparoscopic approach, unlike ORP, did not result in an MDSC increase in the postoperative period.
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17
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Abstract
Huggins and Hodges demonstrated the therapeutic effect of gonadal testosterone deprivation in the 1940s and therefore firmly established the concept that prostate cancer is a highly androgen-dependent disease. Since that time, hormonal therapy has undergone iterative advancement, from the types of gonadal testosterone deprivation to modalities that block the generation of adrenal and other extragonadal androgens, to those that directly bind and inhibit the androgen receptor (AR). The clinical states of prostate cancer are the product of a superimposition of these therapies with nonmetastatic advanced prostate cancer, as well as frankly metastatic disease. Today's standard of care for advanced prostate cancer includes gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists (e.g., leuprolide), second-generation nonsteroidal AR antagonists (enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide) and the androgen biosynthesis inhibitor abiraterone. The purpose of this review is to provide an assessment of hormonal therapies for the various clinical states of prostate cancer. The advancement of today's standard of care will require an accounting of an individual's androgen physiology that also has recently recognized germline determinants of peripheral androgen metabolism, which include HSD3B1 inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Desai
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jeffrey M McManus
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nima Sharifi
- Genitourinary Malignancies Research Center, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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18
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Kgatle MM, Boshomane TMG, Lawal IO, Mokoala KMG, Mokgoro NP, Lourens N, Kairemo K, Zeevaart JR, Vorster M, Sathekge MM. Immune Checkpoints, Inhibitors and Radionuclides in Prostate Cancer: Promising Combinatorial Therapy Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4109. [PMID: 33921181 PMCID: PMC8071559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging research demonstrates that co-inhibitory immune checkpoints (ICs) remain the most promising immunotherapy targets in various malignancies. Nonetheless, ICIs have offered insignificant clinical benefits in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer (PCa) especially when they are used as monotherapies. Current existing PCa treatment initially offers an improved clinical outcome and overall survival (OS), however, after a while the treatment becomes resistant leading to aggressive and uncontrolled disease associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Concurrent combination of the ICIs with radionuclides therapy that has rapidly emerged as safe and effective targeted approach for treating PCa patients may shift the paradigm of PCa treatment. Here, we provide an overview of the contextual contribution of old and new emerging inhibitory ICs in PCa, preclinical and clinical studies supporting the use of these ICs in treating PCa patients. Furthermore, we will also describe the potential of using a combinatory approach of ICIs and radionuclides therapy in treating PCa patients to enhance efficacy, durable cancer control and OS. The inhibitory ICs considered in this review are cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), programmed cell death 1 (PD1), V-domain immunoglobulin suppressor of T cell activation (VISTA), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), T cell Immunoglobulin Domain and Mucin Domain 3 (TIM-3), lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3), T cell immunoreceptor with Ig and ITIM domains (TIGIT), B7 homolog 3 (B7-H3) and B7-H4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mankgopo M. Kgatle
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Tebatso M. G. Boshomane
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Ismaheel O. Lawal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Kgomotso M. G. Mokoala
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Neo P. Mokgoro
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Nico Lourens
- Department of Urology, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Kalevo Kairemo
- Departments of Molecular Radiotherapy & Nuclear Medicine, Docrates Cancer Center, 00180 Helsinki, Finland;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jan Rijn Zeevaart
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Radiochemistry, South African Nuclear Energy Corporation SOC (Necsa), Pelindaba 0001, South Africa
| | - Mariza Vorster
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Mike M. Sathekge
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University of Pretoria & Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (T.M.G.B.); (I.O.L.); (K.M.G.M.); (N.P.M.); (M.V.)
- Nuclear Medicine Research Infrastructure (NuMeRI), Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Steve Biko Academic Hospital, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
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Karpisheh V, Mousavi SM, Sheykholeslami PN, Fathi M, Saray MM, Aghebati-Maleki L, Jafari R, Zolbanin NM, Jadidi-Niaragh F. The role of regulatory T cells in the pathogenesis and treatment of prostate cancer. Life Sci 2021;:119132. [PMID: 33513396 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Despite developments in the treatment of various cancers, prostate cancer is one of the deadliest diseases known to men. Systemic therapies such as androgen deprivation, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy have not been very successful in treating this disease. Numerous studies have shown that there is a direct relationship between cancer progression and inhibition of anti-tumor immune responses that can lead to progression of various malignancies, including prostate cancer. Interestingly, CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T cells significantly accumulate and increase in draining lymph nodes and PBMCs of patients with prostate cancer and other solid tumors. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that Tregs can suppress anti-tumor responses, which is directly related to the increased risk of cancer recurrence. Tregs are essential for preserving self-tolerance and inhibiting extra immune responses harmful to the host. Since the tumor-related antigens are mainly self-antigens, Tregs could play a major role in tumor progression. Accordingly, it has discovered that prostate cancer patients with higher Tregs have poor prognosis and low survival rates. However, anti-tumor responses can be reinforced by suppression of Tregs with using monoclonal antibodies against CD25 and CTLA-4. Therefore, depleting Tregs or suppressing their functions could be one of the effective ways for prostate cancer immunotherapy. The purpose of this review is to investigate the role of Treg cells in the progression of prostate cancer and to evaluate effective strategies for the treatment of prostate cancer by regulating Treg cells.
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20
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ATEŞ E, AMASYALI A, ORYAŞIN E, YAVAŞ İ, YILMAZ M, BOZDOĞAN B, EROL H. Benign Prostatik Patolojilerde Regülatuvar T Hücrelerinin (Treg) Değerlendirilmesi: Pilot Çalışma. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2020. [DOI: 10.17517/ksutfd.820604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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21
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Zhang Y, Li Y. Long non-coding RNA NORAD contributes to the proliferation, invasion and EMT progression of prostate cancer via the miR-30a-5p/RAB11A/WNT/β-catenin pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:571. [PMID: 33292272 PMCID: PMC7694907 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01665-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prostate cancer (PC) is common male cancer with high mortality worldwide. Emerging evidence demonstrated that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in various type of cancers including PC by serving as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to modulate microRNAs (miRNAs). LncRNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) was found to be upregulated in PC cells, while the detailed function and regulatory mechanism of NORAD in PC progression remains largely unclear. Methods Expression of NORAD in PC tissues and cell lines were detected by real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). NORAD was respectively overexpressed and knocked down by transfection with pcDNA-NORAD and NORAD siRNA into PC-3 and LNCap cells. Cell proliferation, invasion and apoptosis were determined by using CCK-8, Transwell and Flow cytometry assays, respectively. The target correlations between miR-30-5p and NORAD or RAB11A were confirmed by using dual luciferase reporter assay. Moreover, expression levels of RAB11A, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker proteins and the Wnt pathway related proteins were measured by Western blotting. Tumor xenograft assay was used to study the effect of NORAD on tumor growth in vivo. Results NORAD was upregulated in PC tissues and cells. Overexpression of NORAD promoted cell proliferation, invasion, EMT, and inhibited cell apoptosis; while knockdown of NORAD had the opposite effect. NORAD was found to be functioned as a ceRNA to bind and downregulated miR-30a-5p that was downregulated in PC tumor tissues. Rescue experiments revealed that miR-30a-5p could weaken the NORAD-mediated promoting effects on cell proliferation, invasion and EMT. Furthermore, RAB11A that belongs to a member of RAS oncogene family was verified as a target of miR-30a-5p, and reintroduction of RAB11A attenuated the effects of miR-30a-5p overexpression on cell proliferation, invasion, EMT and apoptosis of PC cells. More importantly, silencing RAB11A partially reversed the promoting effects of NORAD overexpression on cell proliferation, invasion and EMT of PC cells via the WNT/β-catenin pathway. Lastly, tumorigenicity assay in vivo demonstrated that NORAD increased tumor volume and weight via miR-30a-5p /RAB11A pathway. Conclusion Our results indicated a significant role of NORAD in mechanisms associated with PC progression. NORAD promoted cell proliferation, invasion and EMT via the miR-30a-5p/RAB11A/WNT/β-catenin pathway, thus inducing PC tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Li
- The Second Ward, Department of Urinary Surgery, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, 475000, People's Republic of China
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22
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Silva JAF, Calmasini F, Siqueira-Berti A, Moraes-Vieira PMM, Quintar A, Carvalho HF. Prostate immunology: A challenging puzzle. J Reprod Immunol 2020; 142:103190. [PMID: 32853844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2020.103190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mucosal immunity defines the relationship of surfaces in contact with the environment and integrates diverse tissues such as epidermis, gum, nose, gut, uterus and prostate with the immune system. Although considered part of a system, each mucosa presents specific immune features beyond the barrier and secretory functions. Information regarding the mucosal immunology of the male reproductive tract and the prostate gland in particular is scarce. In this review, we approach the prostate as an epithelial barrier and as part of the mucosal immune system. Finally, we also raise a series of questions that will improve the understanding of this gland, its role in reproduction and its sensitivity/resistance to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliete Aparecida F Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Calmasini
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Aline Siqueira-Berti
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro M M Moraes-Vieira
- Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amado Quintar
- Centro de Microscopía Electrónica, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Hernandes F Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, Campinas, SP, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology of Photonics Applied to Cell Biology - INFABiC, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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23
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Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in the reproductive system of older males. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is an important treatment for prostate cancer patients. However, almost all prostate cancer patients unavoidably progress to the castration-resistant stage after ADT treatment. Recent studies have shown that tumor-associated immune cells play major roles in the initiation, progression, and metastasis of prostate cancer. Various phenotypes of tumor-associated immune cells have tumor-promoting or antitumor functions mediated by interacting with tumor cells. Here, we review the current knowledge of tumor-associated immune cells in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shui-Qing Wu
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Yin-Huai Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
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24
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Hurwitz LM, Kulac I, Gumuskaya B, Valle JABD, Benedetti I, Pan F, Liu JO, Marrone MT, Arnold KB, Goodman PJ, Tangen CM, Lucia MS, Thompson IM, Drake CG, Isaacs WB, Nelson WG, De Marzo AM, Platz EA. Use of Aspirin and Statins in Relation to Inflammation in Benign Prostate Tissue in the Placebo Arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2020; 13:853-862. [PMID: 32581009 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-19-0450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin and statin use may lower the risk of advanced/fatal prostate cancer, possibly by reducing intraprostatic inflammation. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the association of aspirin and statin use with the presence and extent of intraprostatic inflammation, and the abundance of specific immune cell types, in benign prostate tissue from a subset of men from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Men were classified as aspirin or statin users if they reported use at baseline or during the 7-year trial. Presence and extent of inflammation were assessed, and markers of specific immune cell types (CD4, CD8, FoxP3, CD68, and c-KIT) were scored, in slides from end-of-study prostate biopsies taken irrespective of clinical indication, per trial protocol. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between medication use and inflammation measures, adjusted for potential confounders. Of 357 men included, 61% reported aspirin use and 32% reported statin use. Prevalence and extent of inflammation were not associated with medication use. However, aspirin users were more likely to have low FoxP3, a T regulatory cell marker [OR, 5.60; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.16-27.07], and statin users were more likely to have low CD68, a macrophage marker (OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 0.81-3.27). If confirmed, these results suggest that these medications may alter the immune milieu of the prostate, which could potentially mediate effects of these medications on advanced/fatal prostate cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Hurwitz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Ibrahim Kulac
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Pathology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Berrak Gumuskaya
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | | | - Ines Benedetti
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia
| | - Fan Pan
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jun O Liu
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Michael T Marrone
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Kathryn B Arnold
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Phyllis J Goodman
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Catherine M Tangen
- SWOG Statistics and Data Management Center, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - M Scott Lucia
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Ian M Thompson
- CHRISTUS Santa Rosa Hospital Medical Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Charles G Drake
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York
| | - William B Isaacs
- Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - William G Nelson
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Elizabeth A Platz
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland. .,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine and the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Urology and the James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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25
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Jin X, Lin T, Yang G, Cai H, Tang B, Liao X, Li H, Chen X, Gong L, Xu H, Sun Y, Tan P, Yin J, Ma H, Ai J, Wang K, Wei Q, Yang L, Li H. Use of Tregs as a cell-based therapy via CD39 for benign prostate hyperplasia with inflammation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:5082-5096. [PMID: 32191396 PMCID: PMC7205803 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 12/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) occurs most commonly among older men, often accompanied by chronic tissue inflammation. Although its aetiology remains unclear, autoimmune dysregulation may contribute to BPH. Regulatory T cells (Tregs) prevent autoimmune responses and maintain immune homeostasis. In this study, we aimed to investigate Tregs frequency, phenotype, and function in BPH patients and to evaluate adoptive transfer Tregs for immunotherapy in mice with BPH via CD39. Prostate specimens and peripheral blood from BPH patients were used to investigate Treg subsets, phenotype and Treg‐associated cytokine production. Sorted CD39+/− Tregs from healthy mice were adoptively transferred into mice before or after testosterone propionate administration. The Tregs percentage in peripheral blood from BPH patients was attenuated, exhibiting low Foxp3 and CD39 expression with low levels of serum IL‐10, IL‐35 and TGF‐β. Immunohistochemistry revealed Foxp3+ cells were significantly diminished in BPH prostate with severe inflammatory. Although the Tregs subset was comprised of more effector/memory Tregs, CD39 was still down‐regulated on effector/memory Tregs in BPH patients. Before or after testosterone propionate administration, no alterations of BPH symptoms were observed due to CD39‐ Tregs in mice, however, CD39+Tregs existed more potency than Tregs to regulate prostatic hyperplasia and inhibit inflammation by decreasing IL‐1β and PSA secretion, and increasing IL‐10 and TGF‐β secretion. Furthermore, adoptive transfer with functional Tregs not only improved prostate hyperplasia but also regulated muscle cell proliferation in bladder. Adoptive transfer with Tregs may provide a novel method for the prevention and treatment of BPH clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianhai Lin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huawei Cai
- Laboratory of Clinical Nuclear Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyang Liao
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Research Core Facility, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoting Chen
- Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lina Gong
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hang Xu
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Tan
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianqiong Yin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongwen Ma
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jianzhong Ai
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kunjie Wang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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26
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Liu Y, Mikrani R, Xie D, Wazir J, Shrestha S, Ullah R, Baig MMFA, Ahmed A, Srivastava PK, Thapa KB, Zhou X. Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and prostate cancer: study of immune cells and cytokines. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 34:160-172. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Reyaj Mikrani
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Dianyou Xie
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Junaid Wazir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Sajan Shrestha
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
| | - Mirza Muhammad Faran Ashraf Baig
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Sciences School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 China
| | - Abrar Ahmed
- School of Pharmacy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | | | - Kedar Bahadur Thapa
- Institute of Advanced Materials Nanjing Tech University Nanjing 211816 China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211198 China
- Department of Surgery Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University Nanjing Jiangsu 210017 China
- Department of Surgery Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital Nanjing Jiangsu 210017 China
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27
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Watanabe M, Kanao K, Suzuki S, Muramatsu H, Morinaga S, Kajikawa K, Kobayashi I, Nishikawa G, Kato Y, Zennami K, Nakamura K, Tsuzuki T, Yoshikawa K, Ueda R, Sumitomo M. Increased infiltration of CCR4-positive regulatory T cells in prostate cancer tissue is associated with a poor prognosis. Prostate 2019; 79:1658-1665. [PMID: 31390096 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play important roles in the suppression of immune responses, including antitumor immune responses. C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4) is highly expressed on effector Tregs, and anti-CCR4 antibody is attracting attention as a novel immunotherapeutic agent for solid tumors. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CCR4-positive Tregs (CCR4+Tregs) in prostate cancer and estimate the clinical potential of CCR4-targeting therapy for prostate cancer. METHODS A total of 15 radical prostatectomy (RP) specimens and 60 biopsy specimens from individuals diagnosed with prostate cancer were analyzed to evaluate the infiltration of CCR4+Tregs in prostate cancer. The relationships between the number of CCR4+Tregs and clinical parameters were investigated in RP and biopsy specimens. Moreover, the total number of Tregs, CCR4+Tregs, and T cells and the ratio of CCR4+Tregs to Tregs and T cells in biopsy specimens were compared between patients with poor prognosis who progressed to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) within 12 months (n = 13) and those with good prognosis who were stable with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer over 12 months (n = 47). Furthermore, biopsy specimens were divided into two groups: low and high CCR4+Treg expression groups and the prognosis was compared between them. RESULTS There was a higher expression of CCR4+Tregs in RP specimens with a higher (≥8) Gleason score than in those with a lower (<8) Gleason score (P = .041). In biopsy specimens, 65.9% Tregs were positive for CCR4. The number of CCR4+Tregs positively correlated with clinical stage (P < .001) and Gleason score (P = .006). The total number of Tregs and CCR4+Tregs significantly increased in the poor prognosis group compared with that in the good prognosis group (P = .024 and .01, respectively). Furthermore, patients with lower CCR4+Treg expression levels showed a significantly longer time to progression to CRPC (not reached vs 27.3 months; P < .001) and median survival time (not reached vs 69.0 months; P = .014) than those with higher expression levels. CONCLUSIONS CCR4+Tregs are highly infiltrated in the prostate tissue of patients with poor prognosis with potential to progress to CRPC. Furthermore, the degree of infiltration of CCR4+Tregs is related to the prognosis of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Watanabe
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kent Kanao
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Susumu Suzuki
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Muramatsu
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Singo Morinaga
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Keishi Kajikawa
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Genya Nishikawa
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Kato
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kenji Zennami
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Urology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
| | - Kogenta Nakamura
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Toyonori Tsuzuki
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Yoshikawa
- Division of Advanced Research Promotion, Institute of Comprehensive Medical Research, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Ueda
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
| | - Makoto Sumitomo
- Department of Urology, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Japan
- Department of Urology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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28
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Porcaro AB, Tafuri A, Sebben M, Shakir A, Novella G, Pirozzi M, Processali T, Rizzetto R, Amigoni N, Tiso L, Cerrato C, Brunelli M, Cerruto MA, Migliorini F, Siracusano S, Artibani W. Prostate volume index and prostatic chronic inflammation have an effect on tumor load at baseline random biopsies in patients with normal DRE and PSA values less than 10 ng/ml: results of 564 consecutive cases. Ther Adv Urol 2019; 11:1756287219868604. [PMID: 31452688 PMCID: PMC6696840 DOI: 10.1177/1756287219868604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: To assess the association of prostate volume index (PVI), defined as the ratio of the central transition zone volume (CTZV) to the peripheral zone volume (PZV), and prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI) as predictors of prostate cancer (PCA) load in patients presenting with normal digital rectal exam (DRE) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ⩽ 10 ng/ml at baseline random biopsies. Methods: Parameters evaluated included age, PSA, total prostate volume (TPV), PSA density (PSAD), PVI and PCI. All patients underwent 14 core transperineal randomized biopsies. We considered small and high PCA load patients with no more than three (limited tumor load) and greater than three (extensive tumor load) positive biopsy cores, respectively. The association of factors with the risk of PCA was evaluated by logistic regression analysis, utilizing different multivariate models. Results: 564 Caucasian patients were included. PCA and PCI were detected in 242 (42.9%) and 129 (22.9%) cases, respectively. On multivariate analysis, PVI and PCI were independent predictors of the risk of detecting limited or extensive tumor load. The risk of detecting extensive tumor load at baseline biopsies was increased by PSAD above the median and third quartile as well as PVI ⩽ 1 [odds ratio (OR)=1.971] but decreased by PCI (OR=0.185; 95% CI: 0.088–0.388). Conclusions: Higher PVI and the presence of PCI predicted decreased PCA risk in patients presenting with normal DRE, and a PSA ⩽ 10 ng/ml at baseline random biopsy. In this subset of patients, a PVI ⩽ or >1 is able to differentiate patients with PCA or PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio B Porcaro
- Department of Urology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Piazzale Stefani 1, 37126, Verona, Italy
| | | | - Marco Sebben
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Aliasger Shakir
- USC Institute of Urology and Catherine and Joseph Aresty Department of Urology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Marco Pirozzi
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Nelia Amigoni
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Leone Tiso
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Clara Cerrato
- Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Matteo Brunelli
- Department of Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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29
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Cerqueira MA, Ferrari KL, de Mattos AC, Monti CR, Reis LO. T cells CD4+/CD8+ local immune modulation by prostate cancer hemi-cryoablation. World J Urol 2020; 38:673-80. [PMID: 31263944 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02861-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Tumors escape from the immune system by decreasing CD8+ and increasing CD4+ T cells' activity, druggable targets. Thermal ablation might activate tumor-specific T cells by raising the presentation of tumor-specific antigens and hindering tumor negative immune regulation. Our aim was to assess T cell infiltrate pre- and post-cryoablation in a prospective observational study. METHODS A total of 240 sextant prostate biopsies cores (12 cores/patient) were collected from 10 unilateral prostate cancer patients (T1c, PSA density < 0.15 ng/dL, Gleason grade group 1, ≤ 2 cancer biopsy cores, and < 50% cancer core involvement) at diagnosis and 12 months after hemi-cryoablation. Cancer-positive (Diag+) and cancer-negative (Diag-) lobes at diagnosis and the same areas 12 months after hemi-cryoablation (Cryo+ and Cryo-, respectively) were explored by immunohistochemistry for infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (in 45 random fields per prostate lobe, 400× magnification). The quantitative analysis of cells/mm2 and CD4+/CD8+ ratio were performed and compared among Diag+, Diag-, Cryo+, and Cryo- using ImageJ software. RESULTS There was a significant increase in tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells/mm2 in the Cryo+ tissue (mean, SD 0.31, 0.30) compared to Diag+ (0.18, 0.15), p = 0.015; confirmed in prostate acini (hot spots), p = 0.029, in which infiltrating CD4+/CD8+ T cells' ratio decreased after hemi-cryoablation, p = 0.006. Infiltrating CD4+ T cells/mm2 presented a trend to decrease in Cryo+ (0.26, 0.27) compared to Diag+ (0.38, 0.32). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to show local immune modulation after prostate cancer cryoablation, characterized by decreasing CD4+/CD8+ T cells' ratio, potential for clinical impact by unleashing the T-cell response to cancer. Future studies are necessary to explore different energies and longer follow-up clinical endpoints.
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30
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Porcaro AB, Tafuri A, Sebben M, Novella G, Processali T, Pirozzi M, Amigoni N, Rizzetto R, Shakir A, Mariotto A, Brunelli M, Cerruto MA, Cacciamani GE, Migliorini F, Siracusano S, Artibani W. Prostate volume index and prostatic chronic inflammation predicted low tumor load in 945 patients at baseline prostate biopsy. World J Urol 2020; 38:957-64. [PMID: 31154465 DOI: 10.1007/s00345-019-02830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess associations of prostate volume index (PVI), defined as the ratio of the volume of the central transition zone to the volume of the peripheral zone of the prostate and prostatic chronic inflammation (PCI) as predictors of tumor load by number of positive cores (PC) in patients undergoing baseline random biopsies. METHODS Parameters evaluated included age, PSA, total prostate volume, PSA density, digital rectal exam, PVI, and PCI. All patients underwent standard transperineal random biopsies. Tumor load was evaluated as absent (no PC), limited (1-3 PC), and extensive (more than 3 PC). The association of factors with the risk of tumor load was evaluated by the multinomial logistic regression model. RESULTS The study evaluated 945 patients. Cancer PC were detected in 477 (507%) cases of whom 207 (43.4%) had limited tumor load and 270 (56.6%) had extensive tumor load. Among other factors, comparing patients with limited tumor load with negative cases, PVI [odds ratio, OR = 0.521, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.330-0.824; p < 0.005] and PCI (OR = 0.289, 95% CI 0.180-0.466; p < 0.0001) were inversely associated with the PCA risk. Comparing patients with extensive tumor load with negative patients, PVI (OR = 0.579, 95% CI 0.356-0.944; p = 0.028), and PCI (OR = 0.150, 95% CI 0.085-0.265; p < 0.0001), predicted PCA risk. Comparing extensive tumor load with limited tumor load patients, PVI and PCI did not show any association with the tumor load. CONCLUSIONS Increased PVI and the presence of PCI decreased the risk of increased tumor load and associated with less aggressive prostate cancer biology in patients at baseline random biopsies.
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31
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Xiang P, Jin S, Yang Y, Sheng J, He Q, Song Y, Yu W, Hu S, Jin J. Infiltrating CD4+ T cells attenuate chemotherapy sensitivity in prostate cancer via CCL5 signaling. Prostate 2019; 79:1018-1031. [PMID: 31018021 PMCID: PMC6594129 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy with Docetaxel (Doc) is efficient in a subset of prostate cancer (PCa) cases; however, most patients ultimately develop resistance to Docetaxel. The tumor immune microenvironment and secreted cytokines play a substantial role in development of resistance to chemotherapy. Our previous study has demonstrated that CD4+ T cells in prostate tumor microenvironment contribute to PCa progression; meanwhile, we found increased CD4+ T-cell infiltration in tumor area after Doc treatment; however, their effects on PCa chemosensitivity remain unclear. Here, we aim to explore the role and mechanisms of CD4+ T cells in PCa chemotherapy sensitivity. METHODS CD4+ T-cell infiltration in Doc-treated paraffin-embedded specimens from transurethral resection of prostate, radical prostatectomy, or bone metastasis was detected by immunohistochemistry. The castration-resistant PCa cell lines-C4-2 and CWR22RV1, and CD4+ T-cell lines-HH and Molt-3 were used in the coculture system. After coculture with the lymphocytes, PCa cell chemosensitivity was detected by cell counting kit-8, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling assays, and Western blot analysis. Various cell cytokines were determined by cytokine arrays and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. The recombinant human C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) was added to PCa cells for further confirming its effects and anti-CCL5 antibody was used for neutralization. S3I-201, a signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibitor, was added to the coculture system to detect STAT3 role in chemosensitivity. Tumor xenografts in nude mice were used for confirming effects of CD4+ T cells in vivo study. RESULTS We found more infiltrated CD4+ T cells in human PCa lesions than in the adjacent noncancerous tissues after Doc treatment. In vitro cell line study confirmed that CD4+ T cells increase the PCa Doc resistance. Quantative polymerase chain reaction and cytokine arrays indicated that after coculture with PCa, CD4+ T cells could secrete large amounts of CCL5. Moreover, CCL5 stimulation enhanced PCa resistance to Doc, and anti-CCL5 antibody could partly reverse this process. We found that CD4+ T cells could activate P-STAT3 signaling via secreting CCL5 and adding a STAT3 inhibitor can reverse the chemoresistance. In vivo mouse model with xenografted 22RV1 cells and CD4+ T cells also confirmed the in vitro results. CONCLUSIONS Together, our results indicate that infiltrating CD4+ T cells could promote PCa chemotherapy resistance via modulation of the CCL5/STAT3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Xiang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jindong Sheng
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Qun He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Song
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Hu
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital and Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing, China
- National Research Center for Genitourinary Oncology, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (Male), Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing, China
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32
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McAllister MJ, Underwood MA, Leung HY, Edwards J. A review on the interactions between the tumor microenvironment and androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer. Transl Res 2019; 206:91-106. [PMID: 30528321 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer growth is controlled by androgen receptor signaling via both androgen-dependent and androgen-independent pathways. Furthermore, the prostate is an immune competent organ with inflammatory changes both within the systemic and local environment contributing to the reprogramming of the prostatic epithelium with consistently elevated lymphocyte infiltration and proinflammatory cytokines being found in prostate cancer. The crosstalk between the tumor microenvironment and androgen receptor signaling is complex with both protumorigenic and antitumorigenic roles observed. However, despite an increase in immune checkpoint inhibitors and inflammatory signaling blockades available for a range of cancer types, we are yet to see substantial progress in the treatment of prostate cancer. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the tumor microenvironment and its impact on androgen receptor signaling in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milly J McAllister
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark A Underwood
- Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Hing Y Leung
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Department of Urology, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom; Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Joanne Edwards
- Unit of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary, and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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33
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Erlandsson A, Carlsson J, Lundholm M, Fält A, Andersson S, Andrén O, Davidsson S. M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells in lethal prostate cancer. Prostate 2019; 79:363-369. [PMID: 30500076 PMCID: PMC6587459 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers in the world. Emerging evidence suggests that inflammatory cells such as M2 macrophages and regulatory T cells (Tregs ) can contribute to cancer progression by suppressing the anti-tumor immune response. This study investigated the number of CD163-positive M2 macrophages in PCa tissue. It also investigated the correlation and interaction of M2 macrophages and Tregs . METHODS This nested case-control study included subjects from a cohort of men diagnosed with PCa as an incidental finding during transurethral resection of the prostate. The cases were 225 men who died from PCa, and the controls were 367 men who survived more than 10 years after PCa diagnosis without disease progression. Infiltrating CD163-positive M2 macrophages and FOXP3/CD4-positive Tregs in PCa tissue were identified using immunohistochemistry. The correlation and interaction of M2 macrophages and Tregs were assessed using Spearman's rank-order correlation and a likelihood test, respectively. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) for lethal PCa and macrophage counts. RESULTS The number of M2 macrophages and Tregs showed a significant correlation (P < 0.001) but no interactions. The OR for lethal PCa was 1.93 (95%CI: 1.23-3.03) for men with high numbers of M2 macrophages. Also for cases with uncertain outcome (GS categories 3 + 4 and 4 + 3) high numbers of M2 macrophages does predict a poorer prognosis. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that men with high numbers of M2 macrophages in the prostate tumor environment had increased odds of dying of PCa. It is possible that M2 macrophages, together with other suppressor cells such as Tregs , promote an immunosuppressive environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Erlandsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Marie Lundholm
- Department of Medical BiosciencesUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Anna Fält
- Clinical Epidemiology and BiostatisticsSchool of Medical SciencesÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Sven‐Olof Andersson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Ove Andrén
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Sabina Davidsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
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34
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Liu D, Song L, Liang Q, Hao L, Zhang Z, Han C. Long noncoding RNA LEF1‐AS1 silencing suppresses the initiation and development of prostate cancer by acting as a molecular sponge of miR‐330‐5p via LEF1 repression. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:12727-12744. [PMID: 30613973 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Da‐Chuang Liu
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical Science Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Lin‐Lin Song
- Department of Respiratory Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Qing Liang
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Lin Hao
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Zhi‐Guo Zhang
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
| | - Cong‐Hui Han
- Department of Urology Xuzhou Central Hospital Xuzhou P. R. China
- Xuzhou Institute of Medical Science Xuzhou P. R. China
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35
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Elia AR, Caputo S, Bellone M. Immune Checkpoint-Mediated Interactions Between Cancer and Immune Cells in Prostate Adenocarcinoma and Melanoma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1786. [PMID: 30108594 PMCID: PMC6079266 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa) and melanoma are paradigmatic examples of tumors that are either poorly or highly sensitive to therapies based on monoclonal antibodies directed against regulatory pathways in T lymphocytes [i.e., immune checkpoint blockade (ICB)]. Yet, approximately 40% of melanoma patients are resistant or acquire resistance to ICB. What characterize the microenvironment of PCa and ICB-resistant melanoma are a scanty cytotoxic T cell infiltrate and a strong immune suppression, respectively. Here, we compare the tumor microenvironment in these two subgroups of cancer patients, focusing on some among the most represented immune checkpoint molecules: cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4, programmed death-1, lymphocyte activation gene-3, and T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3. We also report on several examples of crosstalk between cancer and immune cells that are mediated by inhibitory immune checkpoints and identify promising strategies aimed at overcoming ICB resistance both in PCa and melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Rita Elia
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Caputo
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bellone
- Cellular Immunology Unit, Department of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Fletcher SJ, Hapon MB, Callegari EA, Crosbie ML, Santiso N, Ursino A, Amato AR, Gutiérrez A, Sacca PA, Dreszman R, Pérez A, Carón RW, Calvo JC, Pistone-Creydt V. Comparative proteomics of soluble factors secreted by human breast adipose tissue from tumor and normal breast. Oncotarget 2018; 9:31007-31017. [PMID: 30123423 PMCID: PMC6089553 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor progression depends on the tumor-stroma interaction. In the breast, adipose tissue is the predominant stromal type. We have previously demonstrated that conditioned media (CMs) from explants of human adipose tissue of tumor breasts (hATT) increase proliferation and migration of breast cancer epithelial cells when compared to human adipose tissue from normal breasts (hATN). In this work, we aim to identify specific proteins and molecular/biological pathways associated with the secretion profile of hATT and hATN explants. hATT-CMs and hATN-CMs were separated by SDS-PAGE and analyzed by means of two-dimensional nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The data was analyzed using ProteoIQ and FunRich software. In addition, 42 cytokines from hATT-CMs and hATN-CMs were assayed by a protein antibody assay. Compared to hATN-CMs, hATT-CMs showed greater protein diversity. We found that hATT-CMs presented a greater amount of proteins related to complement system activity, metabolism and immune system, as well as proteins involved in a variety of biological processes such as signal transduction and cell communication. Specifically, apolipoprotein AI and AII, complement component 3, and vimentin and desmin were significantly increased in hATT-CMs versus hATN-CMs. Moreover, a multivariate discriminant analysis of the cytokines detected by the array showed that IL-6, MCP-2 and GRO cytokines were sufficient and necessary to differentiate hATT-CMs from hATN-CMs. This analysis also showed that the levels of these three cytokines, taken together, correlated with stage and histological grade of the tumor in the hATT-CMs group, and with body mass index in the hATN-CMs group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Johanna Fletcher
- Laboratorio de Química de Proteoglicanos y Matriz Extracelular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Hapon
- Laboratorio de Reproducción y Lactancia, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Centro Científico y Tecnológico Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Eduardo A Callegari
- University of South Dakota, Sanford School of Medicine, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - María Luján Crosbie
- Sección de Patología Mamaria, Servicio de Ginecología, Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca-Visca", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Natalia Santiso
- Sección de Patología Mamaria, Servicio de Ginecología, Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca-Visca", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anabela Ursino
- Sección de Patología Mamaria, Servicio de Ginecología, Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca-Visca", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alicia Rita Amato
- Sección de Patología Mamaria, Servicio de Ginecología, Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca-Visca", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alberto Gutiérrez
- Sección de Patología Mamaria, Servicio de Ginecología, Complejo Médico Policial "Churruca-Visca", Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Paula Alejandra Sacca
- Laboratorio de Química de Proteoglicanos y Matriz Extracelular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Adriana Pérez
- Departamento de Ecología, Genética y Evolución, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rubén Walter Carón
- Laboratorio de Hormonas y Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Centro Científico y Tecnológico Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Juan Carlos Calvo
- Laboratorio de Química de Proteoglicanos y Matriz Extracelular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Virginia Pistone-Creydt
- Laboratorio de Química de Proteoglicanos y Matriz Extracelular, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (IBYME), Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Laboratorio de Hormonas y Biología del Cáncer, Instituto de Medicina y Biología Experimental de Cuyo (IMBECU), Centro Científico y Tecnológico Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina.,Departamento de Fisiología, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Mendoza, Argentina
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Davidsson S, Andren O, Ohlson A, Carlsson J, Andersson S, Giunchi F, Rider JR, Fiorentino M. FOXP3 + regulatory T cells in normal prostate tissue, postatrophic hyperplasia, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and tumor histological lesions in men with and without prostate cancer. Prostate 2018; 78:40-47. [PMID: 29105795 PMCID: PMC5725695 DOI: 10.1002/pros.23442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor promoting or counteracting effects of the immune response to cancer development are thought to be mediated to some extent by the infiltration of regulatory T cells (Tregs ). In the present study we evaluated the prevalence of Treg populations in stromal and epithelial compartments of normal, post atrophic hyperplasia (PAH), prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and tumor lesions in men with and without prostate cancer. METHODS Study subjects were 102 men consecutively diagnosed with localized prostate cancer undergoing radical prostatectomy and 38 men diagnosed with bladder cancer undergoing cystoprostatectomy without prostate cancer at the pathological examination. Whole mount sections from all patients were evaluated for the epithelial and stromal expression of CD4+ Tregs and CD8+ Tregs in normal, PAH, PIN, and tumor lesions. A Friedmańs test was used to investigate differences in the mean number of Tregs across histological lesions. Logistic regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) for prostate cancer for each histological area. RESULTS In men with prostate cancer, similarly high numbers of stromal CD4+ Tregs were identified in PAH and tumor, but CD4+ Tregs were less common in PIN. Greater numbers of epithelial CD4+ Tregs in normal prostatic tissue were positively associated with both Gleason score and pT-stage. We observed a fourfold increased risk of prostate cancer in men with epithelial CD4+ Tregs in the normal prostatic tissue counterpart. CONCLUSIONS Our results may suggest a possible pathway through which PAH develops directly into prostate cancer in the presence of CD4+ Tregs and indicate that transformation of the anti-tumor immune response may be initiated even before the primary tumor is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Davidsson
- Department of UrologyFaculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Ove Andren
- Department of UrologyFaculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Anna‐Lena Ohlson
- Department of Laboratory MedicinePathologyUniversity Hospital ÖrebroÖrebroSweden
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- Department of UrologyFaculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Swen‐Olof Andersson
- Department of UrologyFaculty of Medicine and HealthÖrebro UniversityÖrebroSweden
| | - Francesca Giunchi
- Department of Hematology‐OncologyMolecular Pathology LaboratoryAddarii Institute of OncologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
| | - Jennifer R. Rider
- Department of EpidemiologyBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMassachusetts
| | - Michelangelo Fiorentino
- Department of Hematology‐OncologyMolecular Pathology LaboratoryAddarii Institute of OncologyUniversity of BolognaBolognaItaly
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