1
|
Dogan Y, Arslan O, Oztas B, Kurtali A, Daryal AS, Eser MD. Comparison of Afamin Values in Umbilical Cord Blood After Delivery in Pregnancies With and Without Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2024; 43:83-93. [PMID: 38189115 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2023.2300981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Afamin is a protein that increases in gestational diabetes but its concentration in neonates hasn't been investigated. Our objective is to compare cord blood afamin levels in neonates born to mothers with and without diabetes, and to explore its relationship with maternal and neonatal variables. METHODS In this case control study, umbilical cord blood was collected for afamin measurement in pregestational/gestational diabetic pregnancies (n = 40) and healthy pregnancies (n = 45) after delivery. Correlation analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between afamin levels and maternal BMI, age, HbA1c, fasting and postprandial blood glucose, gestational age, birth weight. RESULTS The diabetic group had a higher median afamin level (p < 0.001). Afamin concentrations did not differ significantly between diabetic subgroups. The concentration of afamin in cord blood was independent of maternal BMI, age, HbA1c, blood glucose, gestational age, birth weight. CONCLUSION The concentration of afamin in cord blood of diabetic pregnancies is significantly higher, irrespective of other clinical factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yasemin Dogan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | | | - Berrin Oztas
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Aylin Kurtali
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Burhaniye State Hospital, Balıkesir, Türkiye
| | - Ayse Seda Daryal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - Müzeyyen Dilsad Eser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liu Y, Ma S, Huang X, Bo Y, Fu W, Cao Y, Duan D, Dou W, Zeng F, Wang X, Gong M, Zhang X, Lyu Q, Zhao X. Dietary intake and serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E and pre-eclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: A matched case-control study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1049055. [PMID: 37063333 PMCID: PMC10101204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1049055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMany studies have suggested that the serum concentrations of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) influence preeclampsia (PE) risk in pregnant women. However, few studies have assessed whether dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE are correlated with PE risk.MethodsA 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to explore the association between the dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE and the risk of PE in pregnant Chinese women. A total of 440 pregnant women with PE and 440 control pregnant women were included in the study. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of VA and VE were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsCompared with the lowest quartile, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] of the highest quartiles were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.96, P trend = 0.02) for VA, 0.51 (95% CI: 0.33–0.80, P trend =0.002) for β-carotene, and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.45–1.08, P trend = 0.029) for retinol. Additionally, for serum VA and VE concentrations, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) were 2.75 (95% CI: 1.24–6.13, P trend = 0.002) and 11.97 (95% CI: 4.01–35.77, P trend < 0.001), respectively. No significant association was seen between VE intake and PE risk.ConclusionsDietary VA intake was negatively correlated with PE risk, and serum VA and VE concentrations were positively correlated with PE risk among pregnant Chinese women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhua Liu
| | - Shunping Ma
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yacong Bo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan Duan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Luoyang New Area People's Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Weifeng Dou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyuan Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanjun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianlan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Xianlan Zhao
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Demircioglu H, Dogan U, Ellidag HY, Aslaner A, Oner OZ. Evaluation of Afamin Level after Bariatric Surgery in Patient with Obesity. J Clin Med 2023; 12. [PMID: 36769494 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to evaluate afamin levels after weight loss in obese patients who underwent laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) and to investigate the relationship between them. In addition, after bariatric surgery, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), thyroxine (T4), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), very low-density protein (VLDL), total cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), insulin, and hemoglobin A1c (HgbA1c) levels were evaluated. METHODS Preoperative and postoperative 6th month venous blood samples were obtained from 43 patients included in this study. The preoperative and postoperative 6th month body mass index (BMI), TG, total cholesterol, VLDL, HDL, insulin, HgbA1c, TSH, T4, and afamin levels of the patients who underwent bariatric surgery with obesity were compared. RESULTS Serum afamin levels of patients decreased at 6 months postoperatively; however, it was not statistically significant. We observed a statistically significant decrease in patients' BMI, HDL, VLDL, TG, total cholesterol, TSH, T4, HgbA1c, and insulin values (p < 0.05). There were significant increases in HDL and T4 values. The change in LDL value was statistically insignificant. CONCLUSIONS Recent studies have shown that there may be a cause-effect relationship between afamin and obesity. In our study, we observed a decrease in serum afamin levels after weight loss following bariatric surgery. In addition, we think that afamin may be used as a potential marker of metabolic syndrome in the future and may lead to improvements in the medical treatment of obesity.
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen YP, Chou CM, Chang TY, Ting H, Dembélé J, Chu YT, Liu TP, Changou CA, Liu CW, Chen CT. Bridging Size and Charge Effects of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Crossing the Blood–Brain Barrier. Front Chem 2022; 10:931584. [PMID: 35880111 PMCID: PMC9307501 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.931584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective cellular barrier that tightly controls the microenvironment of the central nervous system to restrict the passage of substances, which is a primary challenge in delivering therapeutic drugs to treat brain diseases. This study aimed to develop simple surface modifications of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) without external stimuli or receptor protein conjugation, which exhibited a critical surface charge and size allowing them to cross the BBB. A series of MSNs with various charges and two different sizes of 50 and 200 nm were synthesized, which showed a uniform mesoporous structure with various surface zeta potentials ranging from +42.3 to −51.6 mV. Confocal microscopic results showed that 50 nm of strongly negatively charged N4-RMSN50@PEG/THPMP (∼−40 mV) could be significantly observed outside blood vessels of the brain in Tg(zfli1:EGFP) transgenic zebrafish embryos superior to the other negatively charged MSNs. However, very few positively charged MSNs were found in the brain, indicating that negatively charged MSNs could successfully penetrate the BBB. The data were confirmed by high-resolution images of 3D deconvoluted confocal microscopy and two-photon microscopy and zebrafish brain tissue sections. In addition, while increasing the size to 200 nm but maintaining the similar negative charge (∼40 mV), MSNs could not be detected in the brain of zebrafish, suggesting that transport across the BBB based on MSNs occurred in charge- and size-dependent manners. No obvious cytotoxicity was observed in the CTX-TNA2 astrocyte cell line and U87-MG glioma cell line treated with MSNs. After doxorubicin (Dox) loading, N4-RMSN50@PEG/THPMP/Dox enabled drug delivery and pH-responsive release. The toxicity assay showed that N4-RMSN50@PEG/THPMP could reduce Dox release, resulting in the increase of the survival rate in zebrafish. Flow cytometry demonstrated N4-RMSN50@PEG/THPMP had few cellular uptakes. Protein corona analysis revealed three transporter proteins, such as afamin, apolipoprotein E, and basigin, could contribute to BBB penetration, validating the possible mechanism of N4-RMSN50@PEG/THPMP crossing the BBB. With this simple approach, MSNs with critical negative charge and size could overcome the BBB-limiting characteristics of therapeutic drug molecules; furthermore, their use may also cause drug sustained-release in the brain, decreasing peripheral toxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ping Chen
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ming Chou
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsu-Yuan Chang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hao Ting
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Julien Dembélé
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - You-Tai Chu
- Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsang-Pai Liu
- Department of Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun A. Changou
- The PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wei Liu
- Department of Information Management, St. Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Tsu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chien-Tsu Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Feng Q, Xia W, Dai G, Lv J, Yang J, Liu D, Zhang G. The Aging Features of Thyrotoxicosis Mice: Malnutrition, Immunosenescence and Lipotoxicity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864929. [PMID: 35720307 PMCID: PMC9201349 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The problem of aging is mainly the increase of age-related diseases, and elderly patients have longer hospitalization and worse prognosis. Poorer nutritional status and immunosenescence may be predisposing and severe factors. The mechanism of the high incidence of diseases and poor prognosis behind aging is complex. Finding suitable aging models is of great significance to find strategies to prevent aging related events. In this study, the relationship between thyrotoxicosis and aging was investigated in mice. The results of routine blood tests and flow cytometry showed that immunosenescence occurred in thyrotoxicosis mice, which was characterized by a significant decrease in neutrophils, lymphocytes, CD4+/CD8+ and CD4+IFN-γ+ lymphocytes. Biochemical examination results showed that there were hypocholesterolemia, hypolipoproteinemia, and hyperlipidemia in thyrotoxicosis mice. Serum proteomics analysis showed that the downregulation of complement and coagulation proteins was another manifestation of declined immunity. Moreover, proteomics analysis showed that many downregulated proteins were related to homeostasis, mainly transport proteins. Their downregulation led to the disturbance of osmotic pressure, ion homeostasis, vitamin utilization, lipid transport, hyaluronic acid processing, and pH maintenance. Serum metabolomics analysis provided more detailed evidence of homeostasis disturbance, especially lipid metabolism disorder, including the downregulation of cholesterol, vitamin D, bile acids, docosanoids, and the upregulation of glucocorticoids, triglycerides, sphingolipids, and free fatty acids. The upregulated lipid metabolites were related to lipotoxicity, which might be one cause of immunosenescence and many aging related syndromes. This study provides evidence for the aging model of thyrotoxicosis mice, which can be used for exploring anti-aging drugs and strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Feng
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Wenkai Xia
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Guoxin Dai
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jingang Lv
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| | - Deshan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guimin Zhang
- Center for Pharmacological Research, State Key Laboratory of Generic Manufacture Technology of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Lunan Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Linyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Frudd K, Sivaprasad S, Raman R, Krishnakumar S, Revathy YR, Turowski P. Diagnostic circulating biomarkers to detect vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy: Potential screening tool of the future? Acta Ophthalmol 2022; 100:e648-e668. [PMID: 34269526 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of diabetes in developing and developed countries, the socio-economic burden of diabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading complication of diabetes, is growing. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is currently one of the leading causes of blindness in working-age adults worldwide. Robust methodologies exist to detect and monitor DR; however, these rely on specialist imaging techniques and qualified practitioners. This makes detecting and monitoring DR expensive and time-consuming, which is particularly problematic in developing countries where many patients will be remote and have little contact with specialist medical centres. Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is largely asymptomatic until late in the pathology. Therefore, early identification and stratification of vision-threatening DR (VTDR) is highly desirable and will ameliorate the global impact of this disease. A simple, reliable and more cost-effective test would greatly assist in decreasing the burden of DR around the world. Here, we evaluate and review data on circulating protein biomarkers, which have been verified in the context of DR. We also discuss the challenges and developments necessary to translate these promising data into clinically useful assays, to detect VTDR, and their potential integration into simple point-of-care testing devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Frudd
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
| | - Sobha Sivaprasad
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
- NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre Moorfields Eye Hospital London UK
| | - Rajiv Raman
- Vision Research Foundation Sankara Nethralaya Chennai Tamil Nadu India
| | | | | | - Patric Turowski
- Institute of Ophthalmology University College London London UK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pitkänen N, Finkenstedt A, Lamina C, Juonala M, Kähönen M, Mäkelä KM, Dieplinger B, Viveiros A, Melmer A, Leitner I, Kedenko L, Seppälä I, Viikari JSA, Mueller T, Kronenberg F, Paulweber B, Lehtimäki T, Zoller H, Raitakari OT, Dieplinger H. Afamin predicts the prevalence and incidence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021; 60:243-251. [PMID: 34850615 DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2021-0837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In the general population, increased afamin concentrations are associated with the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome as well as type 2 diabetes. Although metabolic syndrome is commonly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there exist no information on afamin and NAFLD. METHODS Afamin concentrations were cross-sectionally measured in 146 Austrian patients with NAFLD, in 45 patients without NAFLD, and in 292 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Furthermore, the feasibility of afamin to predict incident NAFLD was evaluated in 1,434 adult participants in the population-based Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study during a 10-year follow-up. RESULTS Median afamin concentrations were significantly higher in NAFLD patients (83.6 mg/L) than in patients without NAFLD (61.6 mg/L, p<0.0001) or in healthy controls (63.9 mg/L, p<0.0001). In age- and sex-adjusted logistic regression analyses a 10 mg/L increase of afamin was associated with a 1.5-fold increase of having NAFLD as compared with patients without NAFLD and the risk was even two-fold when compared with healthy controls. In the population-based cohort, afamin concentrations at baseline were significantly lower in participants without NAFLD (n=1,195) than in 239 participants who developed NAFLD (56.5 vs. 66.9 mg/L, p<0.0001) during the 10-year follow up, with highest afamin values observed in individuals developing severe forms of NAFLD. After adjustment for several potentially confounding parameters, afamin remained an independent predictor for the development of NAFLD (OR=1.37 [95% CI 1.23-1.54] per 10 mg/L increase, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Afamin concentrations are increased in patients with NAFLD and independently predict the development of NAFLD in a population-based cohort.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Niina Pitkänen
- Research Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Armin Finkenstedt
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Juonala
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Mika Kähönen
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kari-Matti Mäkelä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Benjamin Dieplinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz and Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
| | - Andre Viveiros
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Andreas Melmer
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Isabella Leitner
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz and Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
| | - Ludmilla Kedenko
- First Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Ilkka Seppälä
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Jorma S A Viikari
- Department of Medicine, University of Turku and Division of Medicine, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brueder Linz and Ordensklinikum Linz Barmherzige Schwestern, Linz, Austria
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Bernhard Paulweber
- First Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, Austria
| | - Terho Lehtimäki
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Heinz Zoller
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Olli T Raitakari
- Research Centre for Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang X, Zheng X, Yan J, Xu R, Xu M, Zheng L, Xu L, Lin Z. The Clinical Values of Afamin, Triglyceride and PLR in Predicting Risk of Gestational Diabetes During Early Pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:723650. [PMID: 34803906 PMCID: PMC8597949 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.723650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To establish a model to predict gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) based on the clinical characteristics, early pregnancy (10-12 weeks gestation) peripheral blood routine, and biochemical indicators, and to explore its predictive efficiencies. Methods Data from 607 pregnant women with GDM were compared to the data from 833 pregnant women without GDM admitted to the Obstetrics Department of Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital (affiliated to Fujian Medical University) from May 2018 to December 2018 were retrospectively included. The ages of the pregnant women, paternal ages, number of pregnancies, number of deliveries, pre-pregnancy heights/weights, and the calculated body mass indexes (BMI) were recorded. In all participants, 10-12 weeks of pregnancy, afamin concentration, routine blood work, prenatal aneuploidy screening, and biochemical testing were performed. At weeks 24-28 of gestation, patients underwent oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for GDM screening. Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age, early pregnancy afamin level, triglycerides, and platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR) were independent risk factors for gestational diabetes. The formula for predicting GDM probability was as follows: P = 1/1 + exp( - 6.054 + 0.774 × triglycerides + 0.002 × afamin + 0.155 × age - 0.012 × PLR)]. From the established ROC curve, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.748, indicating that the model has a good degree of discrimination. When the predictive probability cut-off value was set on 0.358, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were 69.2%, 68.3%, 42.5%, and 86.2%, respectively, and the accuracy rate was 70.2%. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test results showed that the goodness of the model fit has a good calibration ability (χ2 = 12.269, df=8, P=0.140). Conclusions Maternal age, early pregnancy afamin level, triglycerides, and PLR are independent risk factors for gestational diabetes. When combined, the above indicators are helpful for prediction, early diagnosis, and intervention of gestational diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuechun Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuqiong Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianying Yan
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Rongli Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mu Xu
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lin Zheng
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liangpu Xu
- Fujian Key Laboratory for Prenatal Diagnosis and Birth Defect, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Nuñez-Calonge R, Cortes S, Caballero Peregrín P, Gutierrez Gonzalez LM, Kireev R. Seminal Plasma and Serum Afamin Levels Are Associated with Infertility in Men with Oligoasthenoteratozoospermia. Reprod Sci 2021; 28:1498-1506. [PMID: 33409873 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00436-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The plasma glycoprotein afamin has been previously identified as an alternative carrier protein for vitamin E in extravascular fluids such as plasma and cerebrospinal, ovarian follicular, and seminal fluids. However, to date, no study has established a relationship between afamin levels and infertility in women or men. The purposes of our study were (i) to assess the level of afamin in serum and seminal fluids in infertile men compared to healthy controls and (ii) to study the association between polymorphisms in afamin genes and male infertility. This observational, prospective study evaluated the afamin levels in serum and seminal fluids from infertile men (n = 39) and compared them to those in healthy controls (n = 30). We studied the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5`-untranslated region (5`-UTR) of the afamin gene and infertility and analyzed a total of 1000 base pairs from the untranslated region of the afamin gene. Subjects with low sperm motility and low sperm concentration had higher median seminal afamin (18.9 ± 2.9 ng/mg of proteins) and serum afamin concentrations (24.1 ± 4.0 ng/mg of proteins) than subjects with normal sperm parameters (10.6 ± 1.4 ng/mg of proteins) (p < 0.02) (15.6 ± 1.4 ng/mg of proteins) (p < 0.002). A total of five different polymorphisms were found, including one deletion and four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). A new transversion (A/T) (position 4:73481093) was identified in an oligoasthenoteratozoospermic patient and was associated with high levels of afamin in plasma and seminal fluids. The prevalence of this variant in our study in the case homozygous for TT is 0.985 (98.5%), and in the case heterozygous for TA is 0.015 (1.5%). Our results suggest that genetic variations in afamin might be associated with male infertility. These findings could significantly enhance our understanding of the molecular genetic causes of infertility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocio Nuñez-Calonge
- International Assisted Reproduction Unit, Madrid, IERA Foundation, Madrid, Avenida General Perón 20, 28020, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Pedro Caballero Peregrín
- International Assisted Reproduction Unit, Madrid, IERA Foundation, Madrid, Avenida General Perón 20, 28020, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Roman Kireev
- Galicia Sur Health Research Institute, Vigo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Kurdiova T, Balaz M, Kovanicova Z, Zemkova E, Kuzma M, Belan V, Payer J, Gasperikova D, Dieplinger H, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J. Serum Afamin a Novel Marker of Increased Hepatic Lipid Content. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2021; 12:670425. [PMID: 34603196 PMCID: PMC8481912 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.670425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Afamin is a liver-produced glycoprotein, a potential early marker of metabolic syndrome. Here we investigated regulation of afamin in a course of the metabolic disease development and in response to 3-month exercise intervention. METHODS We measured whole-body insulin sensitivity (euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp), glucose tolerance, abdominal adiposity, hepatic lipid content (magnetic resonance imaging/spectroscopy), habitual physical activity (accelerometers) and serum afamin (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) in 71 middle-aged men with obesity, prediabetes and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Effects of 3-month exercise were investigated in 22 overweight-to-obese middle-aged individuals (16M/6F). RESULTS Prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, but not obesity, were associated with increased serum afamin (p<0.001). Afamin correlated positively with hepatic lipids, fatty liver index and liver damage markers; with parameters of adiposity (waist circumference, %body fat, adipocyte diameter) and insulin resistance (fasting insulin, C-peptide, HOMA-IR; p<0.001 all). Moreover, afamin negatively correlated with whole-body insulin sensitivity (M-value/Insulin, p<0.001). Hepatic lipids and fasting insulinemia were the most important predictors of serum afamin, explaining >63% of its variability. Exercise-related changes in afamin were paralleled by reciprocal changes in insulinemia, insulin resistance and visceral adiposity. No significant change in hepatic lipid content was observed. CONCLUSIONS Subjects with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes had the highest serum afamin levels. Afamin was more tightly related to hepatic lipid accumulation, liver damage and insulin resistance than to obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timea Kurdiova
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Kovanicova
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Erika Zemkova
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Martin Kuzma
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Juraj Payer
- 5 Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Gasperikova
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Department of Genetics and Pharmacology, Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- *Correspondence: Jozef Ukropec, ; Hans Dieplinger,
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- Department of Clinical Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Department of Metabolic Disease Research, Biomedical Research Center, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
- *Correspondence: Jozef Ukropec, ; Hans Dieplinger,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zasada M, Suski M, Bokiniec R, Szwarc-Duma M, Borszewska-Kornacka MK, Madej J, Bujak-Giżycka B, Madetko-Talowska A, Revhaug C, Baumbusch LO, Saugstad OD, Pietrzyk JJ, Kwinta P. Comparative two time-point proteome analysis of the plasma from preterm infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Ital J Pediatr 2019; 45:112. [PMID: 31445514 PMCID: PMC6708124 DOI: 10.1186/s13052-019-0676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In this study, we aimed to analyze differences in plasma protein abundances between infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), to add new insights into a better understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease. Methods Cord and peripheral blood of neonates (≤ 30 weeks gestational age) was drawn at birth and at the 36th postmenstrual week (36 PMA), respectively. Blood samples were retrospectively subdivided into BPD(+) and BPD(−) groups, according to the development of BPD. Results Children with BPD were characterized by decreased afamin, gelsolin and carboxypeptidase N subunit 2 levels in cord blood, and decreased galectin-3 binding protein and hemoglobin subunit gamma-1 levels, as well as an increased serotransferrin abundance in plasma at the 36 PMA. Conclusions BPD development is associated with the plasma proteome changes in preterm infants, adding further evidence for the possible involvement of disturbances in vitamin E availability and impaired immunological processes in the progression of prematurity pulmonary complications. Moreover, it also points to the differences in proteins related to infection resistance and maintaining an adequate level of hematocrit in infants diagnosed with BPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Zasada
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Maciej Suski
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Renata Bokiniec
- Neonatal and Intensive Care Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Szwarc-Duma
- Neonatal and Intensive Care Department, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Józef Madej
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Beata Bujak-Giżycka
- Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Anna Madetko-Talowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Cecilie Revhaug
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lars O Baumbusch
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ola D Saugstad
- Department of Pediatric Research, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. .,University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Jacek Józef Pietrzyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| | - Przemko Kwinta
- Department of Pediatrics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a neurological disorder, is as a complex chronic disease of brain cell death that usher to cognitive decline and loss of memory. Its prevalence differs according to risk factors associated with it and necropsy performs vital role in its definite diagnosis. The stages of AD vary from preclinical to severe that proceeds to death of patient with no availability of treatment. Biomarker may be a biochemical change that can be recognized by different emerging technologies such as proteomics and metabolomics. Plasma biomarkers, 5-protein classifiers, are readily being used for the diagnosis of AD and can also predict its progression with a great accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. In this review, upregulation or downregulation of few plasma proteins in patients with AD has also been discussed, when juxtaposed with control, and thus serves as potent biomarker in the diagnosis of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shamsa Mubeen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Abeer Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Sehrish Ibrahim
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Bisma Meer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Köninger A, Iannaccone A, Hajder E, Frank M, Schmidt B, Schleussner E, Kimmig R, Gellhaus A, Dieplinger H. Afamin predicts gestational diabetes in polycystic ovary syndrome patients preconceptionally. Endocr Connect 2019; 8:616-624. [PMID: 30991357 PMCID: PMC6510713 DOI: 10.1530/ec-19-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients suffering from polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) are often insulin resistant and at elevated risk for developing gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). The aim of this study was to explore afamin, which can be determined preconceptionally to indicate patients who will subsequently develop GDM. Serum concentrations of afamin are altered in conditions of oxidative stress like insulin resistance (IR) and correlate with the gold standard of IR determination, the HOMA index. METHODS Afamin serum concentrations and the HOMA index were analyzed post hoc in 63 PCOS patients with live births. Patients were treated at Essen University Hospital, Germany, between 2009 and 2018. Mann-Whitney U test, T test, Spearman's correlation, linear regression models and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were performed for statistical analysis. RESULTS Patients who developed GDM showed significantly higher HOMA and serum afamin values before their pregnancy (P < 0.001, respectively). ROCs for afamin concentrations showed an area under the curve of 0.78 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.65-0.90) and of 0.77 (95% CI 0.64-0.89) for the HOMA index. An afamin threshold of 88.6 mg/L distinguished between women who will develop GDM and those who will not with a sensitivity of 79.3% and a specificity of 79.4%. A HOMA index of 2.5 showed a sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 88.2%. CONCLUSION The HOMA index and its surrogate parameter afamin are able to identify pre-pregnant PCOS patients who are at risk to develop GDM. Serum afamin concentrations are independent of fasting status and therefore an easily determinable biomarker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Antonella Iannaccone
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Ensar Hajder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Frank
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Boerge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence should be addressed to H Dieplinger:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the urine afamin (uAFM) and afamin-creatinine ratio (AfCR) levels in patients with glomerulonephritis. PATIENTS & METHODS We determined uAFM and AfCR of 247 healthy volunteers and 129 biopsy-proven glomerulonephritis patients. RESULTS Analytical evaluation study revealed the assay is a reliable and robust test for measuring uAFM. For reference intervals, uAFM and AfCR values were different significantly between males and females. uAFM and AfCR levels were significantly increased in patients with primary membranous nephropathy, IgA nephropathy and minimal change disease compared with healthy volunteers. uAFM and AfCR were positively correlated with urine albumin and albumin-creatinine ratio, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study suggested that uAFM and AfCR may be attractive biomarkers for kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Pang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Nan Duan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Lili Jiao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chenwei Huang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jialin Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Qi Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| | - Haixia Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking University First Hospital, 100034, Beijing, PR China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Varga VE, Lőrincz H, Szentpéteri A, Juhász L, Seres I, Paragh G, Balla J, Paragh G, Harangi M. Changes in serum afamin and vitamin E levels after selective LDL apheresis. J Clin Apher 2018; 33:569-575. [PMID: 30247793 DOI: 10.1002/jca.21636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Afamin is a plasma vitamin E-binding glycoprotein partially associated with ApoA1-containing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) subfractions. In a previous study, the serum vitamin E decreased after low-density lipoprotein (LDL) apheresis, while vitamin E/cholesterol ratio increased. We aimed to study the effect of LDL apheresis on serum afamin level. METHODS The serum level of afamin and oxidized LDL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in six severe heterozygous FH patients before and after their first LDL apheresis treatments and in seven healthy controls. We also investigated the changes in total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C, ApoB, ApoA1, HDL subfractions, and α- and γ-tocopherol levels during the treatment. HDL subfractions were detected by an electrophoretic method on polyacrylamide gel (Lipoprint). Serum α- and γ-tocopherol levels were detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS The first treatment sessions decreased serum afamin levels by an average of 9.4%. Total cholesterol, LDL-C, HDL-C and ApoA1 levels decreased by 52.6; 61.8; 10.5; and 14.1%, respectively. We found that α- and γ-tocopherol levels markedly decreased (by 34.1 and 32.9%, respectively), while α- tocopherol/cholesterol and γ-tocopherol/cholesterol ratios significantly increased (by 41.4 and 40.3%, respectively). Oxidized LDL levels significantly decreased. There was a shift toward the larger HDL subfractions. CONCLUSION LDL apheresis moderately decreases the circulating levels of afamin parallel to lowering HDL-C and ApoA1 levels. Tocopherol levels decreases markedly compared to afamin levels, however, beneficial changes in vitamin E/cholesterol ratios, oxidized LDL levels and HDL subfraction distribution were detected. These additional effects of LDL apheresis may result in further cardiovascular risk reduction in FH patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktória E Varga
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Hajnalka Lőrincz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Anita Szentpéteri
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Lilla Juhász
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Seres
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Paragh
- Department of Cell Stress Biology, Department of Dermatology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - József Balla
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - György Paragh
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Mariann Harangi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Debrecen Faculty of Medicine, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Köninger A, Mathan A, Mach P, Frank M, Schmidt B, Schleussner E, Kimmig R, Gellhaus A, Dieplinger H. Is Afamin a novel biomarker for gestational diabetes mellitus? A pilot study. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2018; 16:30. [PMID: 29587878 PMCID: PMC5870691 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-018-0338-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In search of potential early biomarkers for timely prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), we focused on afamin, a vitamin E-binding protein in human plasma.. Afamin plays a role in anti-apoptotic cellular processes related to oxidative stress and is associated with insulin resistance and other features of metabolic syndrome. During uncomplicated pregnancy its serum concentrations increase linearly. The aim of this study was to investigate the suitability of afamin as early marker for predicting GDM. METHODS In a first-trimester cohort from a prospective observational study of adverse pregnancy outcomes we secondarily analyzed afamin concentrations in 59 patients diagnosed with GDM and 51 controls. Additionally, afamin concentrations were cross-sectionally examined in a mid-trimester cohort of 105 women and compared with results from a simultaneously performed oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Subgroup analysis comparing patients treated with either insulin (iGDM) or dietary intervention (dGDM) was performed in both cohorts. Patients were recruited at the University Hospital Essen, Germany, between 2003 and 2016. RESULTS Results were adjusted for body-mass-index (BMI) and gestational age. First and mid-trimester cohorts yielded significantly elevated afamin concentrations in patients with pathological OGTT compared to patients without GDM (first trimester cohort: mean, 113.4 mg/l; 95% CI, 106.4-120.5 mg/l and 87.2 mg/l; 95% CI, 79.7-94.7 mg/l; mid-trimester cohort: mean, 182.9 mg/l; 95% CI, 169.6-196.2 mg/l and 157.3 mg/l; 95% CI, 149.1-165.4 mg/l, respectively). In the first-trimester cohort, patients developing iGDM later in pregnancy presented with significantly higher afamin concentrations compared to patients developing dGDM and compared to patients without GDM. In the mid-trimester cohort, mean concentrations of afamin differed significantly between patients with dGDM compared to controls and between patients with iGDM and controls. Patients with iGDM showed only slightly higher afamin levels compared to patients with dGDM. CONCLUSION Afamin may serve as a new early biomarker for pathological glucose metabolism during pregnancy. Further research is needed to determine afamin's concentrations during pregnancy, its predictive value for early detection of pregnancies at high risk to develop GDM and its diagnostic role during the second trimester.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Annette Mathan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Klinikum Würzburg Mitte, Salvatorstrasse 7, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Pawel Mach
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Mirjam Frank
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Boerge Schmidt
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Ekkehard Schleussner
- Department of Obstetrics, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, 07747, Jena, Germany
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Alexandra Gellhaus
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstrasse 55, 45122, Essen, Germany
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Schöpfstrasse 41, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
- Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Altamirano A, Naschberger A, Fürnrohr BG, Saldova R, Struwe WB, Jennings PM, Millán Martín S, Malic S, Plangger I, Lechner S, Pisano R, Peretti N, Linke B, Aguiar MM, Fresser F, Ritsch A, Lenac Rovis T, Goode C, Rudd PM, Scheffzek K, Rupp B, Dieplinger H. Expression, Purification, and Biochemical Characterization of Human Afamin. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:1269-1277. [PMID: 29441788 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Afamin is an 87 kDa glycoprotein with five predicted N-glycosylation sites. Afamin's glycan abundance contributes to conformational and chemical inhomogeneity presenting great challenges for molecular structure determination. For the purpose of studying the structure of afamin, various forms of recombinantly expressed human afamin (rhAFM) with different glycosylation patterns were thus created. Wild-type rhAFM and various hypoglycosylated forms were expressed in CHO, CHO-Lec1, and HEK293T cells. Fully nonglycosylated rhAFM was obtained by transfection of point-mutated cDNA to delete all N-glycosylation sites of afamin. Wild-type and hypo/nonglycosylated rhAFM were purified from cell culture supernatants by immobilized metal ion affinity and size exclusion chromatography. Glycan analysis of purified proteins demonstrated differences in micro- and macro-heterogeneity of glycosylation enabling the comparison between hypoglycosylated, wild-type rhAFM, and native plasma afamin. Because antibody fragments can work as artificial chaperones by stabilizing the structure of proteins and consequently enhance the chance for successful crystallization, we incubated a Fab fragment of the monoclonal anti-afamin antibody N14 with human afamin and obtained a stoichiometric complex. Subsequent results showed sufficient expression of various partially or nonglycosylated forms of rhAFM in HEK293T and CHO cells and revealed that glycosylation is not necessary for expression and secretion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Radka Saldova
- NIBRT GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Weston B Struwe
- NIBRT GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Patrick M Jennings
- NIBRT GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Silvia Millán Martín
- NIBRT GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training , Dublin, Ireland
| | - Suzana Malic
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka , 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tihana Lenac Rovis
- Center for Proteomics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka , 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | | | - Pauline M Rudd
- NIBRT GlycoScience Group, National Institute for Bioprocessing Research & Training , Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shen CT, Wei WJ, Qiu ZL, Song HJ, Luo QY. Afamin promotes glucose metabolism in papillary thyroid carcinoma. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 434:108-15. [PMID: 27329154 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Circulating afamin (AFM) concentrations have been investigated as a tumor biomarker in various types of carcinomas. However, suitable cell lines expressing human afamin have not yet been reported and current knowledge of the functions of afamin, particularly at the mechanistic molecular level, is very limited. In the current study, thyroid cancer cell lines 8505c and K1 were used to investigate the potential functions of afamin. AFM over-expression models and vector controls of 8505c (8505c + AFM and 8505c + NC) and K1 (K1 + AFM and K1 + NC) were successfully established by Lenti-LV5-AFM and Lenti-LV5-NC transfection. The change of gene expression was detected by qRT-PCR and western blotting analysis. (18)F-FDG imaging in xenografts model was performed using a micro PET/CT. We found that protein level of GAPDH, GLUT1, HK2, p-AKT, AKT, p-mTOR and PARP1 were up-regulated in K1 + AFM cells when compared to K1 and K1 + NC. While in 8505c, 8505c + NC and 8505c cells, the expression level of these genes were not significantly changed. (18)F-FDG uptake was much higher in K1 + AFM cells when compared to K1 and K1 + NC in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, afamin could promote glycometabolism by up-regulating the glucose metabolism key enzymes in papillary thyroid carcinoma. These findings reveal new clues of the molecular function of AFM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Tian Shen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Wei-Jun Wei
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Zhong-Ling Qiu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Hong-Jun Song
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China
| | - Quan-Yong Luo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Takitani K, Inoue K, Koh M, Miyazaki H, Kishi K, Inoue A, Tamai H. α-Tocopherol status and altered expression of α-tocopherol-related proteins in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes in rat models. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2016; 60:380-6. [PMID: 25866300 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.60.380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E plays a critical role as an antioxidant in several pathological conditions, including diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders. Diabetes is a metabolic disorder of glucose due to the lack of adequate insulin production (type 1) or peripheral insulin resistance (type 2). Oxidative stress plays a major role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications. The purpose of the present study was to determine α-tocopherol status and the expression of α-tocopherol-related proteins, including binding proteins and metabolizing enzymes, under streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type 1 diabetes in rat models. In STZ rats, plasma α-tocopherol levels decreased compared to the control rats, whereas hepatic α-tocopherol levels in the STZ rats were significantly increased. CuZn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) gene expression in the liver of STZ rats was markedly decreased, whereas Mn-SOD gene expression remained unaltered. Accelerated lipid peroxidation in the liver of STZ rats was observed and the hepatic expression of α-tocopherol transfer protein (α-TTP) in STZ rats decreased compared to that in the controls. The hepatic expression of cytochrome P450 4F2 (CYP4F2) and CYP3A2 genes in STZ rats also decreased. The reduced expression of hepatic α-TTP and CYP4F2 genes probably leads to decreased plasma α-tocopherol levels and elevated α-tocopherol levels in the liver of STZ rats. The altered expression of hepatic α-tocopherol-related proteins might regulate α-tocopherol status in type 1 diabetes. Determining the mechanism of modulating α-tocopherol status may be helpful in promoting antioxidant therapy in diabetes.
Collapse
|
20
|
|
21
|
Dieplinger H, Dieplinger B. Afamin--A pleiotropic glycoprotein involved in various disease states. Clin Chim Acta 2015; 446:105-10. [PMID: 25892677 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2015.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The human glycoprotein afamin was discovered as the fourth member of the albumin gene family. Despite intense research over the last 20 years, our knowledge of afamin's physiological or pathophysiological functions is still very limited. Circulating afamin is primarily of hepatic origin and abundant concentrations are found in plasma, cerebrospinal, ovarian follicular and seminal fluids. In vitro binding studies revealed specific binding properties for vitamin E. A previously performed analytical characterization and clinical evaluation study of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantitative measurement of afamin in human plasma demonstrated that the afamin assay meets the quality specifications for laboratory medicine. Comparative proteomics has identified afamin as a potential biomarker for ovarian cancer and these findings were confirmed by quantitative immunoassay of afamin and validated in independent cohorts of patients with ovarian cancer. Afamin has also been investigated in other types of carcinoma. Most of these studies await further evaluation with validated quantitative afamin assays and require validation in larger patient cohorts. Transgenic mice overexpressing the human afamin gene revealed increased body weight and increased blood concentrations of lipids and glucose. These transgenic mouse data were in line with three large human population-based studies showing that afamin is strongly associated with the prevalence and development of the metabolic syndrome. This review summarizes and discusses the molecular, biochemical and analytical characterization of afamin as well as possible clinical applications of afamin measurement.
Collapse
|
22
|
Köninger A, Edimiris P, Koch L, Enekwe A, Lamina C, Kasimir-Bauer S, Kimmig R, Dieplinger H. Serum concentrations of afamin are elevated in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocr Connect 2014; 3:120-6. [PMID: 24928911 PMCID: PMC4073231 DOI: 10.1530/ec-14-0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress seems to be present in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between characteristics of PCOS and serum concentrations of afamin, a novel binding protein for the antioxidant vitamin E. A total of 85 patients with PCOS and 76 control subjects were investigated in a pilot cross-sectional study design between 2009 and 2013 in the University Hospital of Essen, Germany. Patients with PCOS were diagnosed according to the Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM-sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group. Afamin and diagnostic parameters of PCOS were determined at early follicular phase. Afamin concentrations were significantly higher in patients with PCOS than in controls (odds ratio (OR) for a 10 mg/ml increase in afamin=1.3, 95% CI=1.08-1.58). This difference vanished in a model adjusting for age, BMI, free testosterone index (FTI), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) (OR=1.05, 95% CI=0.80-1.38). In patients with PCOS, afamin correlated significantly with homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), fasting glucose, BMI, FTI, and SHBG (P<0.001), but in a multivariate linear model, only HOMA-IR remained significantly associated with afamin (P=0.001). No correlation was observed between afamin and androgens, LH, FSH, LH/FSH ratio, antral follicle count, ovarian volume, or anti-Müllerian hormone. In conclusion, elevated afamin values may indicate a state of oxidative stress and inflammation, strongly associated with IR and offering an indicator of impaired glucose tolerance in patients with PCOS irrespective of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Köninger
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Philippos Edimiris
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Laura Koch
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Antje Enekwe
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Gynecology and ObstetricsUniversity of Duisburg-Essen, D-45122 Essen, GermanyDivision of Genetic EpidemiologyDepartment of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Schöpfstrasse 41, A-6020 Innsbruck, AustriaVitateq Biotechnology GmbHA-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sedic M, Gethings LA, Vissers JPC, Shockcor JP, McDonald S, Vasieva O, Lemac M, Langridge JI, Batinić D, Pavelić SK. Label-free mass spectrometric profiling of urinary proteins and metabolites from paediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 452:21-6. [PMID: 25150443 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is caused by renal diseases that increase the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier without evidence of a specific systemic cause. The aim of the present work was to reveal inherent molecular features of INS in children using combined urinary proteomics and metabolomics profiling. In this study, label-free mass spectrometric analysis of urinary proteins and small molecule metabolites was carried out in 12 patients with INS versus 12 sex- and age-matched control subjects with normal renal function. Integration and biological interpretation of obtained results were carried out by Ingenuity IPA software. Validation of obtained proteomics data was carried out by Western blot method. Proteomics data have been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium with the data set identifier PXD000765. This study indicates for the first time that paediatric INS is associated with up-regulation of afamin, hydroxyphenylacetate and uridine, and concomitant down-regulation in glutamine and phenylalanine levels, and many of these molecular species were previously shown to be involved in oxidative stress. Further studies in larger patient population are underway to investigate the role of oxidative stress in renal injury in paediatric INS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mirela Sedic
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lee A Gethings
- Waters Corporation, MS Technologies, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Olga Vasieva
- Department of Functional and Comparative Genomics, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - Maja Lemac
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Zagreb University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Danica Batinić
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Zagreb University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Melmer A, Fineder L, Lamina C, Kollerits B, Dieplinger B, Braicu I, Sehouli J, Cadron I, Vergote I, Mahner S, Zeimet AG, Castillo-Tong DC, Ebenbichler CF, Zeillinger R, Dieplinger H. Plasma concentrations of the vitamin E-binding protein afamin are associated with overall and progression-free survival and platinum sensitivity in serous ovarian cancer--a study by the OVCAD consortium. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 128:38-43. [PMID: 23063758 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2012.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 09/30/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comparative proteomics identified the plasma protein afamin as potential biomarker for ovarian cancer (OC). Significantly decreased afamin plasma concentrations in pre-therapeutic OC patients reconstituted to control values after successful tumor surgery. This study evaluates the association of afamin with survival and response to therapy in serous OC patients within the OVCAD consortium project. METHODS We measured afamin in 215 pre-therapeutic plasma samples, 246 tumor lysates and 109 plasma samples taken 6months after finishing platinum-based chemotherapy. Differences in afamin plasma concentrations among FIGO stages were tested by Kruskal-Wallis test; association of afamin concentrations with overall and progression-free survival was evaluated using Kaplan-Meier survival plots and multivariate adjusted COX regression analysis. RESULTS Pre-therapeutic afamin correlated significantly with FIGO stages (p=0.012) and was lower in the presence of metastases (p=0.013) and poorly differentiated OC in patients responding to therapy (p=0.016). Afamin ≥48.0mg/L was also associated with a lower hazard ratio for recurrent disease as compared to afamin <48.0mg/L (p=0.007). Post-therapeutic afamin ≥48mg/L was positively correlated with overall (p<0.001) and progression-free (p=0.012) survival and was lower in non-responders than in responders (p=0.048). Thus, afamin returned post-therapeutically to values of healthy controls in responders (p<0.001) but not in non-responders (p=0.114). Afamin in tumor lysates was lower in poorly differentiated OC than in G 1+2 tumors (p=0.041). Higher afamin concentrations in tumor lysates were associated with increased overall survival (p=0.003). CONCLUSION These data indicate that afamin is associated with therapy response and survival rate in advanced OC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Melmer
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Linda Fineder
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Claudia Lamina
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Barbara Kollerits
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Benjamin Dieplinger
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konventhospital Barmherzige Brüder, Linz, Austria
| | - Ioana Braicu
- Department of Gynecology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité University Hospital, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer Berlin, Germany
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Charité University Hospital, European Competence Center for Ovarian Cancer Berlin, Germany
| | - Isabelle Cadron
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven University Hospitals, Katholieke Universiteit of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ignace Vergote
- Division of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Leuven Cancer Institute, Leuven University Hospitals, Katholieke Universiteit of Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Gynecology, Hamburg-Eppendorf University Medical Center, University Cancer Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UCCH), Germany
| | - Alain G Zeimet
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria
| | - Dan Cacsire Castillo-Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular Oncology Group, Vienna Medical University, Austria
| | | | - Robert Zeillinger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Molecular Oncology Group, Vienna Medical University, Austria
| | - Hans Dieplinger
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria; Vitateq Biotechnology GmbH, Innsbruck, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Finno C, Valberg S. A Comparative Review of Vitamin E and Associated Equine Disorders. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:1251-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00994.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2011] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C.J. Finno
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN
| | - S.J. Valberg
- Department of Veterinary Population Medicine; College of Veterinary Medicine; University of Minnesota; St. Paul; MN
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Rithidech KN, Lai X, Honikel L, Reungpatthanaphong P, Witzmann FA. Identification of proteins secreted into the medium by human lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with or without adaptive environments. Health Phys 2012; 102:39-53. [PMID: 22134077 PMCID: PMC3744879 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e31822833af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing evidence to support the hypothesis of adaptive response, a phenomenon in which protection arises from a low-dose radiation (<0.1 Gy) against damage induced by subsequent exposure to high-dose radiation. The molecular mechanisms underlying such protection are poorly understood. The goal of this study was to fill this knowledge gap. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics was used to characterize global protein expression profiles in the medium collected from human lymphocyte cultures given sham irradiation (0 Gy) or a priming low dose of 0.03 Gy 137Cs γ rays 4 h prior to a challenging dose of 1 Gy 137Cs γ rays. Adaptive response was determined by decreased micronucleus frequencies in lymphocytes receiving low dose irradiation prior to high dose irradiation compared to those receiving only high dose irradiation. Adaptive response was found in these experiments. Proteomic analysis of media revealed: (a) 55 proteins with similar abundance in both groups; (b) 23 proteins in both groups, but 7 of them were high abundance in medium with adaptive environment, while 16 high abundance proteins were in medium without adaptive environment; (c) 17 proteins in medium with adaptive environment only; and (d) 8 proteins in medium without adaptive environment only. The results provide a foundation for improving understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with the beneficial effects of low dose radiation that, in turn, will have an important impact on radiation risk estimation. Hence, these studies are highly relevant to radiation protection due to an increased use of low dose radiation in daily life (e.g., medical diagnosis or airport safety) or an unavoidable exposure to low level background radiation.
Collapse
|
27
|
Pendyala G, Trauger SA, Siuzdak G, Fox HS. Quantitative plasma proteomic profiling identifies the vitamin E binding protein afamin as a potential pathogenic factor in SIV induced CNS disease. J Proteome Res 2010; 9:352-8. [PMID: 19908921 DOI: 10.1021/pr900685u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Investigating, predicting, diagnosing, and treating HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) has been hindered by the lack of disease-related molecular markers. In this study, plasma from rhesus monkeys (n = 6), before and after infection with simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), was profiled to obtain differential fingerprints in protein expression during SIV-induced central nervous system (CNS) disease. A quantitative proteomic analysis was performed by means of isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) labeling, using multidimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) run on a linear ion trap mass spectrometer in an integrated mode comprising pulsed-Q-dissociation (PQD) and CID. Among a panel of proteins showing differential expression following SIV infection, we identified afamin, a member of the albumin superfamily, to be significantly down regulated after infection. Validation by Western blot confirmed this observation and, given its potential implication in neuroprotection by transport of alpha-tocopherol (alphaTocH), provides new avenues into further understanding HIV induced CNS disease. iTRAQ-based LC-MS/MS provides a valuable platform for plasma protein profiling and has important implications in identifying molecular markers relevant for the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Using such an approach, we show its successful application in identifying differential fingerprints in SIV/HIV induced CNS disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gurudutt Pendyala
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Britten RA, Mitchell S, Johnson AM, Singletary SJ, Keeney SK, Nyalwidhe JO, Karbassi ID, Lonart G, Sanford LD, Drake RR. The identification of serum biomarkers of high-let radiation exposure and biological sequelae. Health Phys 2010; 98:196-203. [PMID: 20065683 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0b013e3181acff7c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In the event of a nuclear detonation, thousands of people will be exposed to non-lethal radiation doses. There are multiple long-term health concerns for exposed individuals who receive non-lethal radiation exposures. Low doses of radiation, especially of high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, can lead to the development of neurocognitive defects. The identification of serum biomarkers that can be used to monitor the emergence of the long-term biological sequelae of radiation exposure, such as neurocognitive defects, would greatly help the post-exposure health monitoring of the affected population. The authors have determined the impact that cranial irradiation with 2 Gy of high LET (150 keV um) has on the ability of rats to perform spatial memory tasks, and identified serum protein changes that are biomarkers of radiation exposure and of radiation-induced neurocognitive impairment. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopy (MALDI TOF-TOF) analysis of weak cation exchange (WCX) enriched serum protein preparations identified 23 proteins of interest: 10 were biomarkers of physical radiation dose, with six showing increased expression and four being undetectable in the irradiated rat serum. Four proteins were uniquely expressed in those rats that had good spatial memory and nine proteins were markers of bad spatial memory. This study provides proof of the concept that serum protein profiling can be used to identify biomarkers of radiation exposure and the emergence of radiation-sequelae in this rat model, and this approach could be easily applied to other systems to identify radiation biomarkers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Britten
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kratzer I, Bernhart E, Wintersperger A, Hammer A, Waltl S, Malle E, Sperk G, Wietzorrek G, Dieplinger H, Sattler W. Afamin is synthesized by cerebrovascular endothelial cells and mediates alpha-tocopherol transport across an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier. J Neurochem 2008; 108:707-18. [PMID: 19046407 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05796.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-tocopherol (alphaTocH), a member of the vitamin E family, is essential for normal neurological function. Despite the importance of alphaTocH transport into the CNS, transfer mechanisms across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) are not entirely clear. We here investigate whether afamin, a known alphaTocH-binding protein, contributes to alphaTocH transport across an in vitro model of the BBB consisting of primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (BCEC) and basolaterally cultured astrocytoma cells. Exogenously added afamin had no adverse effects on BCEC viability or barrier function and was transported across BCEC Transwell cultures. Furthermore, alphaTocH transport across polarized BCEC cultures to astrocytoma cells is facilitated by afamin, though to a lesser extent than by high-density lipoprotein-mediated transport, an essential and in vivo operating alphaTocH import pathway at the cerebrovasculature. We also demonstrate that porcine BCEC endogenously synthesize afamin. In line with these in vitro findings, afamin was detected by immunohistochemistry in porcine, human postmortem, and mouse brain, where prominent staining was observed almost exclusively in the cerebrovasculature. The demonstration of afamin mRNA expression in isolated brain capillaries suggests that afamin might be a new family member of binding/transport proteins contributing to alphaTocH homeostasis at the BBB in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kratzer
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Center of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Rozek W, Horning J, Anderson J, Ciborowski P. Sera proteomic biomarker profiling in HIV-1 infected subjects with cognitive impairment. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:1498-507. [PMID: 21136797 PMCID: PMC3406605 DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
HIV-1 infection of the brain commonly leads to cognitive impairments (CIs). In its most severe form, HIV-1 associated dementia (HAD) is associated with advanced immune suppression and debilitating loss of memory, behavioral, and motor functions. Despite significant research activities, diagnosis remains one of exclusion. Bioimaging, neuropsychological testing, and viral and immune biomarkers serve to support but not define a diagnosis of HIV-1 associated CI. This is timely and required as brain injury triggered by HIV-1 can be controlled, in part, by antiretroviral medicines. The recent development of proteomics has opened new ways to study viral-host interactions which may provide new insight into treatment and disease monitoring. To this end, we developed a proteomics platform for HIV-1 associated CI biomarker discovery and used it to perform a pilot study for sera-associated HAD proteins. A 2-DE map of a serum proteome was focused on differentially expressed proteins. Differential expression of two proteins was validated by Western blot tests identifying afamin and ceruloplasmin as a potential biomarkers for CI associated with advanced HIV-1 infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Rozek
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800
- Department of Virology, National Veterinary Research Institute, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jayme Horning
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800
| | - James Anderson
- Department of Preventive and Societal Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800
| | - Pawel Ciborowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5800
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
During the last 90 years since the discovery of vitamin E, research has focused on different properties of this molecule, the focus often depending on the specific techniques and scientific knowledge present at each time. Originally discovered as a dietary factor essential for reproduction in rats, vitamin E has revealed in the meantime many more important molecular properties, such as the scavenging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species with consequent prevention of oxidative damage associated with many diseases, or the modulation of signal transduction and gene expression in antioxidant and non-antioxidant manners. Research over the last 30 years has also resolved the biosynthesis and occurrence of vitamin E in plants, the proteins involved in the cellular uptake, tissue distribution and metabolism, and defined a congenital recessive neurological disease, ataxia with vitamin E deficiency (AVED), characterized by impaired enrichment of alpha-tocopherol in plasma as a result of mutations in the liver alpha-tocopherol transfer gene. This review is giving a brief introduction about vitamin E by following the major research directions since its discovery with a historical perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Zingg
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Bern, Bühlstrasse 28, 3012 Bern, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Paratore S, Parenti R, Torrisi A, Copani A, Cicirata F, Cavallaro S. Genomic profiling of cortical neurons following exposure to beta-amyloid. Genomics 2006; 88:468-79. [PMID: 16904863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2006.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2005] [Revised: 06/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that beta-amyloid peptide induces neuronal cell death. To explore the molecular basis underlying beta-amyloid-induced toxicity, we analyzed gene expression profiles of cultured rat cortical neurons treated for 24 and 48 h with synthetic beta-amyloid peptide. From the 8740 genes interrogated by oligonucleotide microarray analysis, 241 genes were found to be differentially expressed and segregated into distinct clusters. Functional clustering based on gene ontologies showed coordinated expression of genes with common biological functions and metabolic pathways. The comparison with genes differentially expressed in cerebellar granule neurons following serum and potassium deprivation indicates the existence of common regulatory mechanisms underlying neuronal cell death. Our results offer a genomic view of the changes that accompany beta-amyloid-induced neurodegeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Paratore
- Functional Genomics Center, Institute of Neurological Sciences, Italian National Research Council, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|