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Memoli V, Panico SC, Santorufo L, Barile R, Di Natale G, Di Nunzio A, Toscanesi M, Trifuoggi M, De Marco A, Maisto G. Do Wildfires Cause Changes in Soil Quality in the Short Term? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17155343. [PMID: 32722226 PMCID: PMC7432673 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Wildfires have high frequency and intensity in the Mediterranean ecosystems that deeply modify the soil abiotic (i.e., pH, contents of water, organic matter and elements) and biotic properties (i.e., biomass and activity). In 2017, an intense wildfire occurred inside the Vesuvius National Park (Southern Italy), destroying approximately 50% of the existing plant cover. So, the research aimed to evaluate the fire effects on soil quality through single soil abiotic and biotic indicators and through an integrated index (SQI). To achieve the aim, soil samples were collected inside the Vesuvius National Park at 12 sampling field points before fire (BF) and after fire (AF). The findings highlighted that in AF soil, the contents of water and total carbon, element availability, respiration and the dehydrogenase activity were lower than in BF soil; in contrast, pH and hydrolase activity were significantly higher in AF soil. The microbial biomass and activity were affected by Al, Cr and Cu availability in both BF and AF soils. Despite the variations in each investigated soil abiotic and biotic property that occurred in AF soil, the overall soil quality did not significantly differ as compared to that calculated for the BF soil. The findings provide a contribution to the baseline definition of the properties and quality of burnt soil and highlight the short-term effects of fire on volcanic soil in the Mediterranean area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Memoli
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Speranza Claudia Panico
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Lucia Santorufo
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-08167911
| | - Rossella Barile
- Parco Nazionale del Vesuvio, Via Palazzo del Principe c/o Castello Mediceo, 80044 Ottaviano (NA), Italy;
| | - Gabriella Di Natale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
- CeSMA-Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146 San Giovanni a Teduccio (NA), Italy;
| | - Aldo Di Nunzio
- CeSMA-Centro Servizi Metrologici e Tecnologici Avanzati, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Corso Nicolangelo Protopisani, 80146 San Giovanni a Teduccio (NA), Italy;
| | - Maria Toscanesi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Marco Trifuoggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (G.D.N.); (M.T.); (M.T.)
| | - Anna De Marco
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Montesano, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giulia Maisto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Cinthia, 80126 Napoli, Italy; (V.M.); (S.C.P.); (G.M.)
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Berkelmann D, Schneider D, Engelhaupt M, Heinemann M, Christel S, Wijayanti M, Meryandini A, Daniel R. How Rainforest Conversion to Agricultural Systems in Sumatra (Indonesia) Affects Active Soil Bacterial Communities. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2381. [PMID: 30364106 PMCID: PMC6191527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Palm oil production in Indonesia increased constantly over the last decades, which led to massive deforestation, especially on Sumatra island. The ongoing conversion of rainforest to agricultural systems results in high biodiversity loss. Here, we present the first RNA-based study on the effects of rainforest transformation to rubber and oil palm plantations in Indonesia for the active soil bacterial communities. For this purpose, bacterial communities of three different converted systems (jungle rubber, rubber plantation, and oil palm plantation) were studied in two landscapes with rainforest as reference by RT-PCR amplicon-based analysis of 16S rRNA gene transcripts. Active soil bacterial communities were dominated by Frankiales (Actinobacteria), subgroup 2 of the Acidobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria (mainly Rhizobiales and Rhodospirillales). Community composition differed significantly between the converted land use systems and rainforest reference sites. Alphaproteobacteria decreased significantly in oil palm samples compared to rainforest samples. In contrast, relative abundances of taxa within the Acidobacteria increased. Most important abiotic drivers for shaping soil bacterial communities were pH, calcium concentration, base saturation and C:N ratio. Indicator species analysis showed distinct association patterns for the analyzed land use systems. Nitrogen-fixing taxa including members of Rhizobiales and Rhodospirillales were associated with rainforest soils while nitrifiers and heat-resistant taxa including members of Actinobacteria were associated with oil palm soils. Predicted metabolic profiles revealed that the relative abundances of genes associated with fixation of nitrogen significantly decreased in plantation soils. Furthermore, predicted gene abundances regarding motility, competition or gene transfer ability indicated rainforest conversion-induced changes as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Berkelmann
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Schneider
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Engelhaupt
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Melanie Heinemann
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stephan Christel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marini Wijayanti
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Anja Meryandini
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences IPB, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia
| | - Rolf Daniel
- Genomic and Applied Microbiology and Göttingen Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
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