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Furci F, Cicero N, Allegra A, Gangemi S. Salvia rosmarinus: a possible role in unmet therapeutic needs in the prevention and care of immunological disorders. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38587141 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2338815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Furci
- Provincial Healthcare Unit, Section of Allergy, Vibo Valentia, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Hematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood "Gaetano Barresi", University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Erdal A, Özdemir D, Özdemir Ş, Bakırtaş M, Ağrı İ. The Effect of Rosmarinic Acid on Wound Healing of Nasal Mucosa in the Rats. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2024; 38:133-139. [PMID: 37994027 DOI: 10.1177/19458924231216656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nose can be damaged by environmental pollutants and foreign bodies, as well as a result of trauma, infection or surgical interventions. Proper healing of the damaged nasal mucosa is important for health. OBJECTIVE There is no study in the literature investigating the effects of rosmarinic acid on mucosal healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of rosmarinic acid on nasal mucosal healing. METHODS 21 male, adult Spraque Dawley albino rats were divided into three groups as the control group, the local treatment group in which rosmarinic acid was applied locally to the nasal mucosa, and the systemic treatment group in which rosmarinic acid was injected intraperitoneally. The wound area was obtained by creating a trauma area by inserting a 10 mm interdental brush through the right nasal nostril into the right nasal cavities of all animals. For the following 15 days, the treatment agent was applied as indicated once a day and on the 15th day the animals were decapitated and tissue samples taken from the nasal mucosa were prepared for histopathological examination. The preparations were examined in terms of cellular hyperplasia, goblet cell hypertrophy and degeneration, leukocyte infiltration, cilia loss and degeneration, edema and vascular dilatation, and they have been classified into four categories as mild (+), moderate (++), severe (+++) and very severe (++++). RESULTS There was a significant difference between the groups in terms of all parameters evaluated, and there is a decrease in the intensity of the parameters with transition from the control group to the local group and from there to the systemic group. CONCLUSION Systemic rosmarinic acid administration showed an enhancing effect on the healing of experimentally induced nasal mucosal injury due to its possible anti-inflammatory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arzu Erdal
- Department of Pharmacology, Ondokuz Mayıs University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Doğukan Özdemir
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Şule Özdemir
- Department of Public Health, Samsun University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Bakırtaş
- Department of Pathology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Ağrı
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Samsun, Turkey
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Sarı U, Zaman F. Effects of rosmarinic acid and doxorubicine on an ovarian adenocarsinoma cell line (OVCAR3) via the EGFR pathway. Acta Cir Bras 2024; 39:e390524. [PMID: 38324801 PMCID: PMC10852540 DOI: 10.1590/acb390524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to reveal the effects of rosmarinic acid (RA), which has come to the forefront with its antitumor and antioxidant properties in many studies recently in the ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line, on the epidermal growth factor receptor (EFGR) signaling pathway in the presence of doxorubicin (DOX). METHODS Ovarian adenocarcinoma cell line (OVCAR3) and human skin keratinocyte cell line human skin keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) were used as control. (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) test was applied to determine the effect of RA and DOX on the proliferation of OVCAR3 and HaCaT cells. Bcl2 expression and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and western blot analysis were performed to determine the expression levels of the markers. RESULTS It was determined that RA (IC50 = 437.6 μM) and DOX (IC50 = 0.08 μM) have the ability to inhibit the proliferation of OVCAR3 cells and induce apoptosis in a 72-hour time and dose-dependent manner. Western blot showed that the expression level of Bcl-2 and EGFR in OVCAR3 cells was down-regulated by RA and DOX. CONCLUSIONS Apoptosis in OVCAR3 cells can potentially be induced by RA via the EGFR pathway, and RA may be a potent agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umut Sarı
- Umut Sarı Clinic – Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics – Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fuat Zaman
- Diyarlife Hospital – Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology – Diyarbakır, Turkey
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Chen YT, Chen PH, Chou FY, Lin SH, Huang SY, Lee MC, Chang YJ, Hsu PC, Lo LC. The safety and efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine for pneumonia prevention in high-risk elder residents in the nursing home: A randomized, double-blind clinical trial. J Ethnopharmacol 2024; 318:117017. [PMID: 37562462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Nursing home-associated pneumonia (NHAP) is a common type of infection among long-term care residents. Moreover, the mortality of NHAP is also higher than community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the decoctions of Banxia Houpo Tang (BHT) and Ding Chuan Tang (DCT) are two formulas supporting the lungs' natural defense systems, helps to expel mucus and promote detoxification. AIM OF THE STUDY We designed a concentrated Chinese herbal extract formula called BDT1, that combines the compounds of BHT and DCT. In this study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of BDT1 for NHAP prevention in high-risk older residents in the nursing home. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 160 participants aged over 65 years old living in the nursing home were randomly assigned 1:1 to the BDT1 and placebo group. Besides regular medicine, participants received either BDT1 or a placebo for 12 consecutive weeks. The primary outcome was the hospitalization rate for pneumonia in the intervention period and half-year follow-up. The microscopic examination of Gram-stained sputum was also evaluated before and after the trial. Data were analyzed by using the Chi-square test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test with SPSS. RESULTS A total of 160 participants were enrolled into two study groups in this study, which was completed with 143 participants analyzed, including 70 subjects in the BDT1 group and 73 subjects in the placebo group. After the 12-week medical treatment, the hospitalization rate for pneumonia was 10.0% and 34.2% in the BDT1 and placebo group respectively. The risk of pneumonia in half a year was lower in the BDT1 group (adjusted hazard ratio = 0.422, 95% CI = 0.226-0.791). Compared to the placebo group, the level of Gram-negative bacilli in the BDT1 group is significantly declined in sputum samples (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION In conclusion, the cumulative incidence of pneumonia and related-hospitalization rates declined significantly after 12-weeks of BDT1 treatment. Besides, Chinese herbal medicine BDT1 is a safe therapy without hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Tai Chen
- Graduate Institute of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsin Chen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Yunlin Christian Hospital, Yunlin, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yu Chou
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Yen Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Lee
- Brion Research Institute of Taiwan, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Jun Chang
- Big Data Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Po-Chi Hsu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
| | - Lun-Chien Lo
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Vo QV, Hoa NT, Flavel M, Thong NM, Boulebd H, Nam PC, Quang DT, Mechler A. A Comprehensive Study of the Radical Scavenging Activity of Rosmarinic Acid. J Org Chem 2023; 88:17237-17248. [PMID: 38011833 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is reported in separate studies to be either an inducer or reliever of oxidative stress, and this contradiction has not been resolved. In this study, we present a comprehensive examination of the radical scavenging activity of RA using density functional theory calculations in comparison with experimental data. In model physiological media, RA exhibited strong HO• radical scavenging activity with overall rate constant values of 2.89 × 1010 and 3.86 × 109 M-1 s-1. RA is anticipated to exhibit excellent scavenging properties for HOO• in an aqueous environment (koverall = 3.18 × 108 M-1 s-1, ≈2446 times of Trolox) following the hydrogen transfer and single electron transfer pathways of the dianion state. The neutral form of the activity is equally noteworthy in a lipid environment (koverall = 3.16 × 104 M-1 s-1) by the formal hydrogen transfer mechanism of the O6(7,15,16)-H bonds. Chelation with RA may prevent Cu(II) from reduction by the ascorbic acid anion (AA-), hence blocking the OIL-1 pathway, suggesting that RA in an aqueous environment also serves as an OIL-1 antioxidant. The computational findings exhibit strong concurrence with the experimental observations, indicating that RA possesses a significant efficacy as a radical scavenger in physiological environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan V Vo
- The University of Danang - University of Technology and Education, Danang550000, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hoa
- The University of Danang - University of Technology and Education, Danang550000, Vietnam
| | - Matthew Flavel
- TPM Bioactives Division, The Product Makers Pty. Ltd., Melbourne 3173, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
| | - Nguyen Minh Thong
- The University of Danang-University of Science and Education, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Houssem Boulebd
- Laboratory of Synthesis of Molecules with Biological Interest, University of Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25017, Algeria
| | - Pham Cam Nam
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Danang - University of Science and Technology, Danang 550000, Vietnam
| | - Duong Tuan Quang
- University of Education, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
| | - Adam Mechler
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia
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Zhang T, Gao H, Fan Y, Chen S, Li Y, Liu R, Li T, Yin C. Gut microbiota disorder induces liver dysfunction in polycystic ovary syndrome rats' model by regulating metabolite rosmarinic acid. Life Sci 2023; 330:121912. [PMID: 37423380 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aims to investigate the impact of the gut microbiota and serum metabolites on the regulation of liver dysfunction in PCOS. MATERIALS AND METHODS PCOS rat models were established by treating Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with DHEA (an androgen, 60 mg/kg) and LET (a nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, 1 mg/kg) for 90 days. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E), Western blotting, and radioimmunoassay were employed to test ovarian and liver functions. Gut microbiome and serum metabolites were assessed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics, respectively. The association between gut microbiota and serum metabolites was examined using Spearman analysis. Finally, using HepG2 cells to investigate the function of the serum metabolite rosmarinic acid (RA). KEY FINDINGS Both Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and letrozole (LET) treatments induced a PCOS phenotype and liver dysfunction. However, LET resulted in more severe lipid accumulation and liver cell apoptosis than DHEA. 16S rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabolomics analysis revealed significant differences in beta diversity and serum metabolite profiles among the three groups. Furthermore, among the significantly changed metabolites, RA was found to have a significant correlation with the levels of serum aspartate transaminase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and could promote HepG2 cell apoptosis. SIGNIFICANCE Restoring gut microbiota, altering serum metabolites and/or decreasing RA may provide a new insight to treat this complication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Huimin Gao
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yali Fan
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Shuya Chen
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China
| | - Tianhe Li
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing 100026, China.
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Cheng HL, Chang WT, Lin JL, Tsai CT, Cheng MC, Huang SC, Wong YC, Hsu CL. Mei-Gin Formula Ameliorates Obesity through Lipolysis, Fatty Oxidation, and Thermogenesis in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Rats. Foods 2023; 12:3539. [PMID: 37835191 PMCID: PMC10573010 DOI: 10.3390/foods12193539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a metabolic dysfunction characterized by excessive body fat deposition as a consequence of an energy imbalance. Novel therapeutic strategies have emerged that are safe and have comparatively low side effects for obesity treatment. Functional foods and nutraceuticals have recently received a great deal of attention because of their components with the properties of antimetabolic syndrome. Based on our previous in vitro and in vivo investigations on anti-adipogenesis activity and improved body fat accumulation in serials, the combination of three ingredients (including bainiku-ekisu, black garlic, and Mesona procumbens Hemsl), comprising the Mei-Gin formula (MGF), was eventually selected as a novel inhibitor that exhibited preventive effects against obesity. Herein, we verify the anti-obesity effects of MGF in obese rats induced by a high-fat diet and discuss the potential molecular mechanisms underlying obesity development. Oral administration of MGF significantly suppressed the final body weight, weight change, energy and water intake, subcutaneous and visceral fat mass, liver weight, hepatic total lipids and triglycerides (TG), and serum levels of TG, triglycerides (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), alanine transaminase (AST), uric acid, and ketone bodies and augmented fecal total lipids, TG, and cholesterol excretion in the high-dose MGF-supplemented groups. Furthermore, the corresponding lipid metabolic pathways revealed that MGF supplementation effectively increased lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation gene expression and attenuated fatty acid synthesis gene expression in the white adipose tissue (WAT) and liver and it also increased mitochondrial activation and thermogenic gene expression in the brown adipose tissue (BAT) of rats with obesity induced by a high-fat diet (HFD). These results demonstrate that the intake of MGF can be beneficial for the suppression of HFD-induced obesity in rats through the lipolysis, fatty oxidation, and thermogenesis pathway. In conclusion, these results demonstrate the anti-obesity efficacy of MGF in vivo and suggest that MGF may act as a potential therapeutic agent against obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Lin Cheng
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Wei-Tang Chang
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Ling Lin
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Tse Tsai
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Ming-Ching Cheng
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 51591, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Chien Huang
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Yue-Ching Wong
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
| | - Chin-Lin Hsu
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 40201, Taiwan; (H.-L.C.); (J.-L.L.); (C.-T.T.); (S.-C.H.); (Y.-C.W.)
- Department of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40201, Taiwan
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Wang X, Zhao W, Zhang X, Wang Z, Han C, Xu J, Yang G, Peng J, Li Z. An integrative analysis to predict the active compounds and explore polypharmacological mechanisms of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. Comput Biol Med 2023; 163:107160. [PMID: 37321099 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Orthosiphon stamineus Benth is a dietary supplement and traditional Chinese herb with widespread clinical applications, but a comprehensive understanding of its active compounds and polypharmacological mechanisms is lacking. This study aimed to systematically investigate the natural compounds and molecular mechanisms of O. stamineus via network pharmacology. METHODS Information on compounds from O. stamineus was collected via literature retrieval, while physicochemical properties and drug-likeness were evaluated using SwissADME. Protein targets were screened using SwissTargetPrediction, while the compound-target networks were constructed and analyzed via Cytoscape with CytoHubba for seed compounds and core targets. Enrichment analysis and disease ontology analysis were then carried out, generating target-function and compound-target-disease networks to intuitively explore potential pharmacological mechanisms. Lastly, the relationship between active compounds and targets was confirmed via molecular docking and dynamics simulation. RESULTS A total of 22 key active compounds and 65 targets were identified and the main polypharmacological mechanisms of O. stamineus were addressed. The molecular docking results suggested that nearly all core compounds and their targets possess good binding affinity. In addition, the separation of receptor and ligands was not observed in all dynamics simulation processes, whereas complexes of orthosiphol Z-AR and Y-AR performed best in simulations of molecular dynamics. CONCLUSION This study successfully identified the polypharmacological mechanisms of the main compounds in O. stamineus, and predicted five seed compounds along with 10 core targets. Moreover, orthosiphol Z, orthosiphol Y, and their derivatives can be utilized as lead compounds for further research and development. The findings here provide improved guidance for subsequent experiments, and we identified potential active compounds for drug discovery or health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingqiang Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China; Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center of Rheumatism in TCM, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, 650021, PR China.
| | - Weiqing Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province and The Affiliated Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, 650034, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China
| | - Zongqing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China
| | - Chang Han
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China
| | - Jiapeng Xu
- Department of Yi Medicine, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Traditional Yi Medicine Hospital of Yunnan Province), Chuxiong, Yunnan, 675000, PR China
| | - Guohui Yang
- Department of Medical Research Information, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture (Traditional Yi Medicine Hospital of Yunnan Province), Chuxiong, Yunnan, 675000, PR China
| | - Jiangyun Peng
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China; Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center of Rheumatism in TCM, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, 650021, PR China.
| | - Zhaofu Li
- Department of Rheumatology, The No.1 Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, 650021, PR China; Yunnan Provincial Clinical Medicine Research Center of Rheumatism in TCM, Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yunnan, 650021, PR China.
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Li Pomi F, Papa V, Borgia F, Vaccaro M, Allegra A, Cicero N, Gangemi S. Rosmarinus officinalis and Skin: Antioxidant Activity and Possible Therapeutical Role in Cutaneous Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030680. [PMID: 36978928 PMCID: PMC10045493 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The rosemary plant, Rosmarinus officinalis L., one of the main members of the Lamiaceae family, is currently one of the most promising herbal medicines due to its pharmaceutical properties. This research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant role of Rosmarinus officinalis and its bioactive compounds on the skin, with a focus on the newly emerging molecular mechanisms involved, providing extensive scientific evidence of its anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, wound-healing and anticancer activity in dermatological practice. The search was conducted on articles concerning in vitro and in vivo studies in both animals and humans. The results obtained confirm the antioxidant role of R. officinalis. This assumption derives the possibility of using R. officinalis or its bioactive elements for the treatment of inflammatory and infectious skin pathologies. However, although the use of rosemary in the treatment of skin diseases represents a fascinating line of research, future perspectives still require large and controlled clinical trials in order to definitively elucidate the real impact of this plant and its components in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Li Pomi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Papa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Borgia
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Dermatology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandro Allegra
- Division of Haematology, Department of Human Pathology in Adulthood and Childhood “Gaetano Barresi”, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Nicola Cicero
- Departement of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Gangemi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School and Operative Unit of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
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Neuberger B, Mello FK, Mallmann MP, da Costa Sobral KG, Fighera MR, Royes LFF, Furian AF, Sampaio TB, Oliveira MS. Beneficial Effects of Rosmarinic Acid In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Epileptiform Activity Induced by Pilocarpine. Brain Sci 2023; 13:brainsci13020289. [PMID: 36831832 PMCID: PMC9954593 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13020289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is characterized by a predisposition to generate recurrent and spontaneous seizures; it affects millions of people worldwide. Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe type of seizure. In this context, screening potential treatments is very important. In the present study, we evaluated the beneficial effects of rosmarinic acid (RA) in pilocarpine-induced in vitro and in vivo models of epileptiform activity. Using an in vitro model in combined entorhinal cortex-hippocampal from Wistar rats we evaluated the effects of RA (10 µg/mL) on the lactate release and a glucose fluorescent analogue, 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)-2-deoxyglucose (2-NDBG), after incubation in high potassium aCSF supplemented or not with pilocarpine. In the in vivo model, SE was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by pilocarpine. At 1, 24, and 48 h after the end of SE mice were treated with RA (30 mg/kg/v.o.). We evaluated the neuromotor impairment by neuroscore tests and protein carbonyl levels in the cerebral cortex. In both in vitro models, RA was able to decrease the stimulated lactate release, while no effect on 2-NBDG uptake was found. RA has beneficial effects in models of epileptiform activity in vivo and in vitro. We found that RA treatment attenuated SE-induced neuromotor impairment at the 48 h timepoint. Moreover, post-SE treatment with RA decreased levels of protein carbonyls in the cerebral cortex of mice when compared to their vehicle-treated counterparts. Importantly, RA was effective in a model of SE which is relevant for the human condition. The present data add to the literature on the biological effects of RA, which could be a good candidate for add-on therapy in epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Neuberger
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Kulinski Mello
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Michele Pereira Mallmann
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Rechia Fighera
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fernando Freire Royes
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Flávia Furian
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Tuane Bazanella Sampaio
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Mauro Schneider Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria 97105-900, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-55-3220-9378
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11
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Zhou Z, He W, Tian H, Zhan P, Liu J. Thyme ( Thymus vulgaris L.) polyphenols ameliorate DSS-induced ulcerative colitis of mice by mitigating intestinal barrier damage, regulating gut microbiota, and suppressing TLR4/NF-κB-NLRP3 inflammasome pathways. Food Funct 2023; 14:1113-1132. [PMID: 36594593 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo02523j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) is an important medicinal and edible homologous plant, and the composition and bioactivity of its polyphenol extracts have attracted widespread attention from researchers. In this study, the polyphenols in thyme were separated and identified by UPLC/MS-MS and UPLC-DAD, and the intervention effect and mechanism of thyme polyphenols (TP) on ulcerative colitis (UC) were analyzed in combination with dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS)-induced mice colitis model. It was found that the main substances of TP were scutellarin (160.68 ± 2.09 mg g-1), rosmarinic acid (80.33 ± 1.74 mg g-1), scutellarein (56.53 ± 1.32 mg g-1), apigenin-7-O-glucuronide (21.06 ± 0.68 mg g-1), gallic acid (13.80 ± 0.73 mg g-1), and ferulic acid (12.00 ± 0.20 mg g-1). TP and sulfasalazine, which were respectively supplemented to these experimental mice at 200 mg per kg bw and 100 mg per kg bw, showed similar effects on alleviating intestinal inflammation, as indicated by the consistency of the decreased NLRP3 and TLR4 proteins and inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion in NF-κB inflammatory signaling pathway. Furthermore, the treatment with TP at doses of 200 and 400 mg per kg bw both effectively upregulated tight junction protein expression and enhanced intestinal epithelial cell integrity. Consistently, the abundany of probiotics including Blautia, Bacteroides, Romboutsia, and Faecalibaculum associated with the synthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were elevated, whereas harmful bacteria including Escherichia Shigella, Muribaculum, and Clostridium sensu stricto 1 associated with the inflammatory process were significantly inhibited. Notably, TP supplemented at the dose of 100 mg per kg bw showed weak mitigated effects on the above symptoms, while the other two TP experimental groups showed similar promising therapeutic potential, suggesting that such beneficial effects required a certain dose of TP to be achieved. These results indicated that TP could suppress the TLR4/NLRP3-NF-κB inflammasome pathways, protect the intestinal epithelial barrier, and remodel the disordered gut microbiota, which suggested that TP might be a promising dietary strategy for UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuman Zhou
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710100, China.
| | - Wanying He
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710100, China.
| | - Honglei Tian
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710100, China.
| | - Ping Zhan
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710100, China.
| | - Jianshu Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Research Center of Functional Food Engineering Technology, Xi'an 710100, China
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12
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Cicogna F, Passaglia E, Benedettini M, Oberhauser W, Ishak R, Signori F, Coiai S. Rosmarinic and Glycyrrhetinic Acid-Modified Layered Double Hydroxides as Functional Additives for Poly(Lactic Acid)/Poly(Butylene Succinate) Blends. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28010347. [PMID: 36615541 PMCID: PMC9822188 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Immobilizing natural antioxidant and biologically active molecules in layered double hydroxides (LDHs) is an excellent method to retain and release these substances in a controlled manner, as well as protect them from thermal and photochemical degradation. Herein, we describe the preparation of host-guest systems based on LDHs and rosmarinic and glycyrrhetinic acids, two molecules obtained from the extraction of herbs and licorice root, respectively, with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Intercalation between the lamellae of the mono-deprotonated anions of rosmarinic and glycyrrhetinic acid (RA and GA), alone or in the presence of an alkyl surfactant, allows for readily dispersible systems in biobased polymer matrices such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(butylene succinate) (PBS), and a 60/40 wt./wt. PLA/PBS blend. The composites based on the PLA/PBS blend showed better interphase compatibility than the neat blend, correlated with increased adhesion at the interface and a decreased dispersed phase size. In addition, we proved that the active species migrate slowly from thin films of the composite materials in a hydroalcoholic solvent, confirming the optimization of the release process. Finally, both host-guest systems and polymeric composites showed antioxidant capacity and, in the case of the PLA composite containing LDH-RA, excellent inhibitory capacity against E. coli and S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Cicogna
- National Research Council-Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.C.); Tel.: +39-050-315-3393 (F.C.); +39-050-315-2556 (S.C.)
| | - Elisa Passaglia
- National Research Council-Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Matilde Benedettini
- National Research Council-Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Werner Oberhauser
- National Research Council-Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Randa Ishak
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Francesca Signori
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering, University of Pisa, Largo L. Lazzarino 1, 56122 Pisa, PI, Italy
| | - Serena Coiai
- National Research Council-Institute for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), SS Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, PI, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.C.); (S.C.); Tel.: +39-050-315-3393 (F.C.); +39-050-315-2556 (S.C.)
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13
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Cornara L, Sgrò F, Raimondo FM, Ingegneri M, Mastracci L, D’Angelo V, Germanò MP, Trombetta D, Smeriglio A. Pedoclimatic Conditions Influence the Morphological, Phytochemical and Biological Features of Mentha pulegium L. Plants (Basel) 2022; 12:plants12010024. [PMID: 36616155 PMCID: PMC9824027 DOI: 10.3390/plants12010024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this study, Mentha pulegium leaves and flowers harvested in three different Sicilian areas were investigated from a micromorphological, phytochemical and biological point of view. Light and scanning electron microscopy showed the presence of spherocrystalline masses of diosmin both in the leaf epidermal cells and in thin flower petals. Two different chemotypes were identified (I, kaempferide/rosmarinic acid; II, jaceidin isomer A). Phytochemical screening identified plant from collection site II as the richest in total phenolics (16.74 g GAE/100 g DE) and that from collection site I as the richest in flavonoids (46.56 g RE/100 g DE). Seventy-seven metabolites were identified both in flower and leaf extracts. Plant from site II showed the best antioxidant (0.90-83.72 µg/mL) and anti-inflammatory (27.44-196.31 µg/mL) activity expressed as half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) evaluated by DPPH, TEAC, FRAP, ORAC, BSA denaturation and protease inhibition assays. These data were also corroborated by in vitro cell-based assays on lymphocytes and erythrocytes. Moreover, plant of site II showed the best antiangiogenic properties (IC50 33.43-33.60 µg/mL) in vivo on a chick chorioallantoic membrane. In conclusion, pedoclimatic conditions influence the chemotype and the biological activity of M. pulegium, with chemotype I showing the most promising biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cornara
- Department of Earth, Environment and Life Sciences, University of Genova, C.so Europa 26, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Federica Sgrò
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi, University of Messina, Piazza Pugliatti 1, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Raimondo
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Ingegneri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Luca Mastracci
- Pathology Unit, Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences (DISC), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Largo Rosanna Benzi 10, 16125 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria D’Angelo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Domenico Trombetta
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno d’Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
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14
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Chen Y, Yang X, Lu C, Yang Z, Wu W, Wang X. Novel colorimetric, photothermal and up-conversion fluorescence triple-signal sensor for rosmarinic acid detection. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.108099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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15
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Moreira B, Pereira E, Finimundy TC, Pinela J, Calhelha RC, Carocho M, Stojković D, Sokovic M, Ferreira ICFR, Caleja C, Barros L. Pineapple by-products as a source of bioactive compounds with potential for industrial food application. Food Funct 2022; 13:9959-9972. [PMID: 36056706 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo00657j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pineapple is a tropical fruit consumed fresh or processed into various food products. However, the peel and crown of this fruit are not industrially exploited, thus generating tons of by-products that represent an economic and environmental concern. In order to promote the upcycling of these by-products, this work aimed to characterize the phenolic profile of its hydroethanolic extracts obtained from pineapple peel and crown leaves and to evaluate their in vitro bioactivity. The HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS analysis allowed the identification of 25 phenolic compounds, including phenolic acids and flavonoids. The antioxidant, cytotoxic, and antimicrobial activity assays highlighted the peel extract as the most promising and, therefore, it was incorporated into a traditional Portuguese pastry cake as a functional ingredient. The nutritional parameters of the developed food were not affected by the incorporation of the extract, but it promoted the antioxidant activity during its shelf-life. Overall, pineapple peel and crown appeared as promising by-products to be exploited by the food industry, which can be achieved through a circular economy approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Moreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Eliana Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Tiane C Finimundy
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - José Pinela
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo C Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Márcio Carocho
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Dejan Stojković
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marina Sokovic
- Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković" - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Isabel C F R Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Cristina Caleja
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal.
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16
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Chroho M, Bouymajane A, Aazza M, Oulad El Majdoub Y, Cacciola F, Mondello L, Zair T, Bouissane L. Determination of the Phenolic Profile, and Evaluation of Biological Activities of Hydroethanolic Extract from Aerial Parts of Origanum compactum from Morocco. Molecules 2022; 27:5189. [PMID: 36014429 PMCID: PMC9413242 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27165189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Origanum compactum belonging to the family Lamiaceae is widely used in food and pharmaceutical fields due to its biologically active substances. We aimed to investigate the total phenol and flavonoid contents and the phenolic composition, and to evaluate the antioxidant and antibacterial properties of hydroethanolic extract from of Origanum compactum. Total phenol and flavonoid contents were evaluated using gallic acid and quercetin as standards, respectively, and the phenolic profile was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to a photodiode array and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-PDA-ESI/MS). The antioxidant activity was determined by two methods: ferric reducing power (FRAP) assay and the phosphomolybdate method. The antibacterial effect was evaluated against four bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes) using the broth microdilution method. The findings show that the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were 107.789 ± 5.39 mg GAE/g dm and 14,977 ± 0.79 mg QE/g dm, respectively. A total of sixteen phenolic compounds belonging to phenolic acids and flavonoids were detected. Furthermore, the extract showed strong antioxidant activity, and displayed a bacteriostatic effect against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimuriumn, and a bactericidal effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes. Therefore, this study reveals that Origanum compactum extracts display potential as antibacterial and natural antioxidant agents for fighting against pathogenic bacteria and preventing oxidative stress.
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Alghuthaymi MA, Danaraj J, Albarakaty FM, Periakaruppan R, Vajravelu M, Ayyappan S, Selvaraj K, Abd-Elsalam KA. Elicitor-Induced Metabolomics Analysis of Halodule pinifolia Suspension Culture for an Alternative Antifungal Screening Approach against Candida albicans. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:609. [PMID: 35736092 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Elicitors are the agents that stimulate the defense responses of plants, and accumulate specialized metabolites in plant tissue culture. This study investigated the elicitor-feeding response of H. pinifolia suspension cell cultures (SCC) for metabolomics analysis and screening of specialized compounds against Candida albicans. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was used as an elicitor, and treatment of SCC at a concentration of 20 µM MeJA resulted in the maximum rosmarinic acid (RA) accumulation (117 mg/g dry weight), with transcript levels of RA biosynthetic genes HpPAL, HpC4H, and Hp4CL being 4.2, 2.5, and 3.7-fold higher, respectively, than the controls. GC-MS-based metabolomics analysis revealed a total of 47 metabolites, including 30 organic acids, six amino acids, six flavonoids, two sugars, two plant growth regulators, and one vitamin, which were significantly different between control and MeJA-treated cells. Furthermore, five phenolic acids were discovered at higher concentrations, including p-anisic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, vanillic acid, and rosmarinic acid, and were purified and structurally elucidated for alternative antifungal screening against C. albicans and the evaluation of ADMET properties. The results from antifungal screening revealed that RA at MIC of 31.25 mg/L exhibited the lowest growth percentage of C. albicans (1.99%), with higher inhibition of isocitrate lyase 1 (ICL 1) enzyme (93.1%), followed by p-anisic acid (86.2%) and caffeic acid (85.1%), respectively. The drug likeliness and ADMET properties of RA exhibited promising results, with a bioactivity score of 0.57, 0.15, and 0.24 for nuclear receptor ligand, protease inhibitor, and enzyme inhibitor, respectively. Therefore, MeJA appears to have a significant effect on enhanced RA accumulation in H. pinifoia cells with phenylpropanoid transcript expression, and acts as an ICL1 inhibitor of C. albicans.
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18
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Nyandwi JB, Ko YS, Jin H, Yun SP, Park SW, Kang KR, Kim HJ. Rosmarinic acid downregulates the oxLDL‑induced interaction between monocytes and endothelial cells, in addition to monocyte diapedesis, under high glucose conditions. Int J Mol Med 2022; 49:68. [PMID: 35315501 PMCID: PMC8989427 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction during diabetes has been previously reported to be at least in part attributed to increased oxidized low‑density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels mediated by high glucose (HG) levels. Endothelial inflammation increases the adhesiveness of monocytes to the endothelium in addition to increasing vascular permeability, promoting diabetic atherogenesis. In a previous study, it was reported that oxLDL treatment induced nucleotide‑binding domain and leucine‑rich repeat containing family, pyrin domain‑containing 3 inflammasome activation in endothelial cells (ECs) under HG conditions, in a manner that could be effectively reversed by rosmarinic acid. However, it remains unclear whether oxLDL‑mediated inflammasome activation can regulate the interaction between monocytes and ECs. The effects of oxLDL‑mediated inflammasome activation on endothelial permeability under HG conditions, in addition to the effects of rosmarinic acid on these oxLDL‑mediated processes, also remain poorly understood. Therefore, the present study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms involved in oxLDL‑induced endothelial permeability and monocyte diapedesis under HG conditions, in addition to the potential effects of rosmarinic acid. ECs were treated with oxLDL under HG conditions in the presence or absence of ROS scavengers mitoTEMPO and NAC, p38 inhibitor SB203580, FOXO1 inhibitor AS1842856 or transfected with the TXNIP siRNA, before protein expression levels of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM‑1), vascular cell adhesion molecule‑1 (VCAM‑1), phosphorylated vascular endothelial‑cadherin (VE‑cadhedrin), VE‑cadherin and zonula occludens‑1 (ZO‑1) were measured by western blotting. In addition, adhesion assay and Transwell assays were performed. oxLDL was found to significantly increase the expression of ICAM‑1 and VCAM‑1 in ECs under HG conditions whilst also enhancing the adhesion of monocytes to ECs. This was found to be dependent on the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/p38 MAPK/forkhead box O1 (FOXO1)/thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) signaling pathway. In addition, oxLDL‑stimulated ECs under HG conditions exhibited increased phosphorylated VE‑cadherin protein levels and decreased ZO‑1 protein expression levels compared with those in untreated ECs, suggesting increased endothelial permeability. Furthermore, monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer was significantly increased by oxLDL treatment under HG conditions. These oxLDL‑mediated effects under HG conditions were also demonstrated to be dependent on this ROS/p38 MAPK/FOXO1/TXNIP signaling pathway. Subsequently, rosmarinic acid treatment significantly reversed oxLDL‑induced overexpression of adhesion molecules and monocyte‑EC adhesion, oxLDL‑induced endothelial junction hyperpermeability and monocyte transmigration through the endothelial monolayer under HG conditions, in a dose‑dependent manner. These results suggest that rosmarinic acid can exert a protective effect against oxLDL‑mediated endothelial dysfunction under HG conditions by reducing the interaction between monocytes and ECs in addition to preventing monocyte diapedesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Baptiste Nyandwi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali 4285, Republic of Rwanda
| | - Young Shin Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hana Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Kee Ryeon Kang
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Institute of Health Sciences, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Gyeongsangnam-do 52727, Republic of Korea
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Zhou P, Yue C, Zhang Y, Li Y, Da X, Zhou X, Ye L. Alleviation of the Byproducts Formation Enables Highly Efficient Biosynthesis of Rosmarinic Acid in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:5077-5087. [PMID: 35416041 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid as a polyphenolic compound has great values in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. To achieve efficient biosynthesis of rosmarinic acid, the major obstacles such as imbalanced metabolic flux among branching pathways and substrate promiscuity of pathway enzymes should be eliminated. Here, a rosmarinic acid producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain was constructed by introducing codon optimized d-lactate dehydrogenase gene mutant (OD-LDHY52A), 4-coumarate CoA ligase gene (OPc4CL2), and rosmarinic acid synthase gene (OMoRAS) into a previously constructed caffeic acid hyper-producer. To identify the metabolic bottleneck, the substrate specificity of OPc4CL2 and OMoRAS was figured out by bioconversion experiments and HPLC-MS/MS analysis. Subsequently, the byproducts formation was alleviated by removing prephenate dehydratase and tuning down the expression level of OPc4CL2. The final strain YRA113-15B produced 208 mg/L rosmarinic acid in a shake-flask culture (a 63-fold improvement over the initial strain), which was the highest rosmarinic acid titer by engineered microbial cells reported to date. This work provides a promising platform for fermentative production of rosmarinic acid and offers a strategy to overcome the intrapathway competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P. R. China
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Chunlei Yue
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Da
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Xiuqi Zhou
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, P. R. China
| | - Lidan Ye
- Institute of Bioengineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
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Yuan Q, Wang FJ, Jia ZZ, Zhang T, Sun J, Du XY, Wang SX, Chai LJ, Hu LM. Xueshuantong injection combined with Salvianolate lyophilized injection improves the synaptic plasticity against focal cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion injury in rats through PI3K/ AKT/ mTOR and RhoA/ROCK pathways. Brain Res 2022; 1787:147923. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2022.147923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Zhou L, Huang Y, Han Z, Wang J, Sun N, Zhang R, Dong W, Deng C, Zhuang G. Effects of rosmarinic acid on the inflammatory response in allergic rhinitis rat models after PM2.5 exposure. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24316. [PMID: 35285093 PMCID: PMC8993598 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown the promising prospects of rosmarinic acid (RosA) for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of RosA on inflammatory reaction in rat models of allergic rhinitis (AR) after PM2.5 exposure. METHODS Allergic rhinitis rat models were established by ovalbumin sensitization, and PM2.5 was applied at a concentration of 1000 μg/m3 , 3 h a day for 30 consecutive days. RosA was administered via intraperitoneal injection (20 mg/kg/d) for seven consecutive days. Allergic nasal symptoms were recorded. The expressions of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13, interferon (INF)-γ, and OVA-sIgE were determined by ELISA. Histopathological changes in nasal mucosa were observed by HE staining. mRNA expressions of T-bet and GATA-3 in nasal mucosa were detected by RT-PCR. NF-κBp65 in cell nuclei and IκBα in cytoplasm were analyzed by Western blot. RESULTS PM2.5 exposure worsened allergic nasal symptoms in AR rats, while RosA ameliorated these symptoms. Histopathologically, AR rats exhibited disorganized nasal mucosal epithelium, cell exfoliation, eosinophilic infiltration of lamina propria, gland swelling, and submucosal vascular congestion, which were aggravated by PM2.5 exposure and alleviated by RosA. RosA decreased the expressions of IL-4, IL-13, and increased the level of IFN-γ in PM2.5-exposed AR rats. After RosA intervention, the expressions of GATA-3 mRNA and NF-κBp65 in PM2.5-exposed AR rats were significantly reduced, while those of T-bet mRNA and IκBα were markedly increased. CONCLUSION Rosmarinic acid may alleviate symptoms of AR rat models exposed to PM2.5 through the modulation of the NF-κB pathway and Th1/Th2 balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Zhou
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhijin Han
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinchao Wang
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Na Sun
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ruxin Zhang
- Department of OtolaryngologyHuadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Weiyang Dong
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Center for Atmospheric Chemistry StudyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Congrui Deng
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Center for Atmospheric Chemistry StudyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Guoshun Zhuang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Center for Atmospheric Chemistry StudyFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Kiziltaş H. Determination of LC-HRMS Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, Cytotoxic Effect and Enzyme Inhibitory Properties of Satureja avromanica using in vitro and in silico methods. Process Biochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2022.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Iqbal H, Wright CL, Jones S, da Silva GR, McKillen J, Gilmore BF, Kavanagh O, Green BD. Extracts of Sida cordifolia contain polysaccharides possessing immunomodulatory activity and rosmarinic acid compounds with antibacterial activity. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:27. [PMID: 35086541 PMCID: PMC8793188 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03502-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overuse of antibiotics has led to increased antimicrobial resistance, but plant-derived biological response modifiers represent a potential alternative to these drugs. This investigation examined the immunomodulatory and antibacterial activities of Sida cordifolia (used in ethnomedicinal systems to treat infectious disease). METHODS Successive extractions were performed from the roots of these plants in hexane, chloroform, methanol and water. Immunomodulatory activity was determined in a series of experiments measuring the responses of splenocytes, macrophages and an in vivo model of innate immunity (Galleria mellonella). Antibacterial activity was assessed by determining minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBCs) for various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. RESULTS Immunomodulatory activity was confined to the aqueous extract, and further fractionation and biochemical analysis yielded a highly potent polysaccharide-enriched fraction (SCAF5). SCAF5 is a complex mixture of different polysaccharides with multiple immunomodulatory effects including immune cell proliferation, antibody secretion, phagocytosis, nitric oxide production, and increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, Galleria mellonella pre-treated with SCAF5 produced more haemocytes and were more resistant (P < 0.001) to infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a 98% reduction in bacterial load in pre-treated larvae compared to the negative control. The antibacterial activity of Sida cordifolia was confined to the methanolic fraction. Extensive fractionation identified two compounds, rosmarinic acid and its 4-O-β-d-glucoside derivative, which had potent activity against Gram-positive antibiotic-resistant bacteria, including MRSA. CONCLUSIONS Sida cordifolia counters bacterial infections through a dual mechanism, and immunomodulatory polysaccharides from this plant should be isolated and characterised to realise their potential as anti-infective agents. Such properties could be developed as an antibiotic alternative (1) in the clinic and (2) alternative growth promoter for the agri-food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Iqbal
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - Claire L Wright
- School of Science, Health & Technology, York St John University, York, YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Sue Jones
- School of Science, Health & Technology, York St John University, York, YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Goncalo Rosas da Silva
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK
| | - John McKillen
- Veterinary Science Division, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Stormont, Belfast, BT4 3SD, UK
| | - Brendan F Gilmore
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Owen Kavanagh
- School of Science, Health & Technology, York St John University, York, YO31 7EX, UK
| | - Brian D Green
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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Zhou B, Liu J, Wang Y, Wu F, Wang C, Wang C, Liu J, Li P. Protective Effect of Ethyl Rosmarinate against Ulcerative Colitis in Mice Based on Untargeted Metabolomics. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1256. [PMID: 35163182 PMCID: PMC8836019 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aiming at assessing the therapeutic effect of ethyl rosmarinate (ER) on ulcerative colitis (UC), the following activities were performed in vitro and in vivo in the present study. Firstly, a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW264.7 cell inflammation model was established to determine the level of inflammatory factors. Then, a UC mice model induced by dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) was established to further investigate the effects of ER on symptoms, inflammatory factors and colon histopathology. Finally, serum and colon metabolomics studies were performed to identify the biomarkers and metabolisms closely related to the protective effect of ER on UC. The results showed that after ER intervention, the levels of inflammatory factors (NO, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) and key enzyme (MPO) in cell supernatant, serum or colon were significantly decreased, and the disease activity index and colon tissue damage in mice were also effectively improved or restored. In addition, 28 biomarkers and 6 metabolisms were found to be re-regulated by ER in the UC model mice. Therefore, it could be concluded that ER could effectively ameliorate the progression of UC and could be used as a new natural agent for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Juntong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Yaru Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China;
| | - Fulin Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Caixia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
| | - Cuizhu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jinping Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Pingya Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China; (B.Z.); (J.L.); (F.W.); (C.W.); (C.W.)
- Research Center of Natural Drug, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Huang L, Chen J, Quan J, Xiang D. Rosmarinic acid inhibits proliferation and migration, promotes apoptosis and enhances cisplatin sensitivity of melanoma cells through inhibiting ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:3065-3076. [PMID: 34224305 PMCID: PMC8806498 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1941699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, exerts multiple biological properties including anti-cancer. The metalloprotease, a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 17 (ADAM17), can activate ligands of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and contribute to tumor progression. We aimed to investigate whether RA could exhibit anti-cancer effects in melanoma cells through down-regulating ADAM17. The human melanoma A375 cells were exposed to RA, then cell viability, migration, invasion, apoptosis, melanin content and the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β were evaluated. The viability of cells exposed to RA in the presence of cisplatin (Cis) was measured by CCK-8. Cells were overexpressed with ADAM17 in the absence or presence of RA and ADAM17 inhibitor (TACE prodomain; TPD) co-treatment, then the above cellular processes were also observed. Results showed that A375 cells treated with RA showed significant lower cell viability, proliferation, migrative and invasive abilities, melanin content and expression of related proteins including MMP2 and MMP9, compared with normal cells. RA enhanced the ratio of TUINEL-positive cells, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins, but reduced Bcl-2 expression. RA co-treatment increased the inhibitory effect of Cis on cell viability. RA inhibited the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β, which was further suppressed by TPD. Moreover, ADAM17 overexpression blocked all the effects of RA whereas TPD treatment generated an opposite function. In conclusion, RA exerted obvious inhibitory effect on melanoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion, but promotive effect on cells apoptosis. Addition, the showing of this characteristic of RA may rely on inhibiting the expression of ADAM17/EGFR/AKT/GSK3β axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyan Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Quan
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
| | - Debing Xiang
- Department of Oncology, Jiangjin Central Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, China
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Huerta-Madroñal M, Caro-León J, Espinosa-Cano E, Aguilar MR, Vázquez-Lasa B. Chitosan - Rosmarinic acid conjugates with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and photoprotective properties. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 273:118619. [PMID: 34561015 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid is an attractive candidate for skin applications because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and photoprotective functions, however, its poor bioavailability hampers its therapeutic outcome. In this context, synthesis of polymer conjugates is an alternative to enlarge its applications. This work describes the synthesis of novel water-soluble chitosan - rosmarinic acid conjugates (CSRA) that have great potential for skin applications. Chitosan was functionalized with different contents of rosmarinic acid as confirmed by ATR-FTIR, 1H NMR and UV spectroscopies. CSRA conjugates presented three-fold radical scavenger capacity compared to the free phenolic compound. Films were prepared by solvent-casting procedure and the biological activity of the lixiviates was studied in vitro. Results revealed that lixiviates reduced activation of inflamed macrophages, improved antibacterial capacity against E. coli with respect to native chitosan and free rosmarinic acid, and also attenuated UVB-induced cellular damage and reactive oxygen species production in fibroblasts and keratinocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Huerta-Madroñal
- Group of Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology ICTP-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Caro-León
- Grupo de Investigación en Biopolímeros, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C., Sonora, Mexico.
| | - Eva Espinosa-Cano
- Group of Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology ICTP-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Group of Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology ICTP-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Blanca Vázquez-Lasa
- Group of Biomaterials, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology ICTP-CSIC, Madrid, Spain; Networking Biomedical Research Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, Madrid, Spain.
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Boldura OM, Marc S, Otava G, Hutu I, Balta C, Tulcan C, Mircu C. Utilization of Rosmarinic and Ascorbic Acids for Maturation Culture Media in Order to Increase Sow Oocyte Quality Prior to IVF. Molecules 2021; 26:7215. [PMID: 34885797 PMCID: PMC8659116 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The beneficial effect of antioxidant supplementation in maturation culture media of sow oocytes was evaluated by the expression quantification of apoptotic genes and the genes that ensure stability of germ cells during fertilization. The oocytes were cultivated for 44 h in conventional medium (C) or in medium supplemented with 105 µM rosmarinic acid (R) and 0.5 mM ascorbic acid (A) and classified into three quality classes by morphological observation from which the total RNA was isolated. The gene expression of Ptx3 and the apoptotic regulator p53, Bax and BCL-2 were evaluated by quantitative PCR technique. The decreased expression of the Bax gene in the A and R groups, compared to the control, indicates a protective role of antioxidants in the cells. Cell homeostasis was maintained, as reflected in the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in class I COCs (cumulus-oocyte complex) regardless of the experimental group, indicating minimum cellular stress. The expression of p53 genes was higher in all class III COC, but in A1 and R1 the expression was lower than in C1, and a similar Ptx-3 gene decreased significantly in groups A1, A2, A3 and R1 compared with control groups. Antioxidant supplementation showed beneficial effects on all morphological classes of pig COCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Maria Boldura
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Simona Marc
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Gabriel Otava
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Ioan Hutu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Cornel Balta
- Institute of Life Sciences, Vasile Goldis Western University of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania;
| | - Camelia Tulcan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
| | - Calin Mircu
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I” Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania; (O.-M.B.); (S.M.); (G.O.); (I.H.); (C.M.)
- BUASVM’s Research Institute for Biosecurity and Bioengineering, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine ”King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara, 300645 Timişoara, Romania
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Su X, Wu Y, Wu M, Lu J, Jia S, He X, Liu S, Zhou Y, Xing H, Xue Y. Regioisomers Salviprolin A and B, Unprecedented Rosmarinic Acid Conjugated Dinorditerpenoids from Salvia przewalskii Maxim. Molecules 2021; 26:6955. [PMID: 34834049 PMCID: PMC8618536 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvia przewalskii Maxim is a perennial plant from the genus Salvia (family Lamiaceae). The roots of S. przewalskii were long used as a traditional herb to treat blood circulation related illnesses in China. As part of our continuing interest in polycyclic natural products from medicinal plants, two unprecedented adducts comprised of a dinor-diterpenoid and a 9'-nor-rosmarinic acid derivative, linked by a 1,4-benzodioxane motif (1 and 2), were isolated from the roots of S. przewalskii. Their structures were established by extensive spectroscopic approaches including 1D, 2D NMR, and HRFABMS. Their cytotoxic activities against five human tumor cell lines were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yongbo Xue
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China; (X.S.); (Y.W.); (M.W.); (J.L.); (S.J.); (X.H.); (S.L.); (Y.Z.); (H.X.)
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Farag MR, Khalil SR, Zaglool AW, Hendam BM, Moustafa AA, Cocco R, Di Cerbo A, Alagawany M. Thiacloprid Induced Developmental Neurotoxicity via ROS-Oxidative Injury and Inflammation in Chicken Embryo: The Possible Attenuating Role of Chicoric and Rosmarinic Acids. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:biology10111100. [PMID: 34827094 PMCID: PMC8614723 DOI: 10.3390/biology10111100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The current study was designed to evaluate the negative impact of thiacloprid (TH) on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and to evaluate the modulatory effects of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.001). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and DNA damage (p < 0.001). Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity and NO significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ; interferon gamma, TNF-α; tumor necrosis factor alpha, and IL-1β; interleukin-1 beta), stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both a biochemical and molecular levels (p < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (p < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates and possibly humans. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic properties of CA and RA against TH toxicity. Abstract Insecticides are widely employed in agriculture to control pests and as major factors for enhancing crop productivity. Thiacloprid (TH) is one of the most-used insecticides worldwide. In this study, the negative impact of TH on the brain tissue of developing chicken embryo models and the modulatory effect of chicoric (CA) and rosmarinic (RA) acids were investigated. The eggs were injected in ovo with different doses of TH (0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μg/egg). TH significantly increased the oxidative damage in the brain of exposed embryos in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). TH significantly elevated the oxidative stress markers; protein carbonyl, malondialdehyde content, and DNA damage (p < 0.05). Myeloperoxidase activity and nitric oxide significantly increased with overexpression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (interferon gamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and interleukin-1 beta) and stress-related and apoptotic genes (NF-KB, Caspase-3) in the brain tissue on both biochemical and molecular levels (p < 0.05), while downregulating the expression of antiapoptotic Bcl-2. Co-treatment of CA and RA with TH markedly decreased the insecticide-induced toxicity with a prominent synergistic effect (p < 0.05). In conclusion, TH is suggested to be a possible neurotoxic to embryos of vertebrates including human. The study also revealed the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, genoprotective, and antiapoptotic property of CA and RA against TH toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Correspondence: (M.R.F.); (A.D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Samah R. Khalil
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Asmaa W. Zaglool
- Animal Wealth Development Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Basma M. Hendam
- Department of Husbandry and Development of Animal Wealth, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Amr A. Moustafa
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Raffaella Cocco
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, via Vienna 2, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Di Cerbo
- School of Bioscience and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62024 Matelica, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.R.F.); (A.D.C.); (M.A.)
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Correspondence: (M.R.F.); (A.D.C.); (M.A.)
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Agatonovic-Kustrin S, Balyklova KS, Gegechkori V, Morton DW. HPTLC and ATR/FTIR Characterization of Antioxidants in Different Rosemary Extracts. Molecules 2021; 26:6064. [PMID: 34641608 PMCID: PMC8513062 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of spontaneous fermentation by lactic acid bacteria on the extraction yield of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity from rosemary leaf extracts was investigated using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC). Brining and spontaneous fermentation with lactic acid bacteria more than doubled extraction of polyphenolics and antioxidants from the rosemary leaves. The results show that lactic acid fermentation enhances antioxidant activity in extracts by increasing the total phenolic content but does not increase extraction of phytosterols. Increased extraction of phenolic oxidants during fermentation assisted extraction, results from the in situ generated natural eutectic solvent from the plant sample. ATR-FTIR spectra from the bioactive bands suggests that this increased antioxidant activity is associated with increased extraction of rosmarinic acid, depolymerised lignin, abietane diterpenoids and 15-hydroxy-7-oxodehydroabietic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snezana Agatonovic-Kustrin
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.S.B.); (V.G.); (D.W.M.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
| | - Ksenia S. Balyklova
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.S.B.); (V.G.); (D.W.M.)
| | - Vladimir Gegechkori
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.S.B.); (V.G.); (D.W.M.)
| | - David W. Morton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Chemistry named after Arzamastsev of the Institute of Pharmacy, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.S.B.); (V.G.); (D.W.M.)
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Edwards Rd, Bendigo 3550, Australia
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Nyandwi JB, Ko YS, Jin H, Yun SP, Park SW, Kim HJ. Rosmarinic Acid Increases Macrophage Cholesterol Efflux through Regulation of ABCA1 and ABCG1 in Different Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8791. [PMID: 34445501 PMCID: PMC8395905 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid dysregulation in diabetes mellitus escalates endothelial dysfunction, the initial event in the development and progression of diabetic atherosclerosis. In addition, lipid-laden macrophage accumulation in the arterial wall plays a significant role in the pathology of diabetes-associated atherosclerosis. Therefore, inhibition of endothelial dysfunction and enhancement of macrophage cholesterol efflux is the important antiatherogenic mechanism. Rosmarinic acid (RA) possesses beneficial properties, including its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic and cardioprotective effects. We previously reported that RA effectively inhibits diabetic endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting inflammasome activation in endothelial cells. However, its effect on cholesterol efflux remains unknown. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to assess the effect of RA on cholesterol efflux and its underlying mechanisms in macrophages. RA effectively reduced oxLDL-induced cholesterol contents under high glucose (HG) conditions in macrophages. RA enhanced ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) and G1 (ABCG1) expression, promoting macrophage cholesterol efflux. Mechanistically, RA differentially regulated ABCA1 expression through JAK2/STAT3, JNK and PKC-p38 and ABCG1 expression through JAK2/STAT3, JNK and PKC-ERK1/2/p38 in macrophages. Moreover, RA primarily stabilized ABCA1 rather than ABCG1 protein levels by impairing protein degradation. These findings suggest RA as a candidate therapeutic to prevent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease complications related to diabetes by regulating cholesterol efflux in macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Nyandwi
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali 4285, Rwanda
| | - Young Shin Ko
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
| | - Hana Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
| | - Seung Pil Yun
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
| | - Sang Won Park
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
| | - Hye Jung Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea; (J.-B.N.); (Y.S.K.); (H.J.); (S.P.Y.); (S.W.P.)
- Department of Convergence Medical Science (BK21 Plus), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52727, Korea
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Zhang M, Li N, Cai R, Gu J, Xie F, Wei H, Lu C, Wu D. Rosmarinic acid protects mice from imiquimod induced psoriasis-like skin lesions by inhibiting the IL-23/Th17 axis via regulating Jak2/Stat3 signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2021; 35:4526-4537. [PMID: 34008239 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
IL-23/Th17 (IL-17) axis plays a critical role in psoriasis. Rosmarinic acid (RA) was proved the inhibitory effect of T cell infiltration in the skin. However, whether and how RA has beneficial effects on psoriasis did not really know yet. So lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced abnormal proliferation Hacat cell line and Imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriasis-like mouse dermatitis were used to assess the pharmacological effects and mechanisms of RA by Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score, histopathology, flow cytometry, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting. The results showed that RA inhibited LPS-induced aberrant expression of Hacat cell line, and significantly alleviated IMQ-induced skin inflammation. Although RA had no obviously effect on the ratio of epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) and LC migration from the skin to the skin draining lymph nodes, RA inhibited the expression of IL-23 in skin lesions, as well as reduced the differentiation of Th17 cells and producing of IL-17A by down regulating the transcriptor factor RORγt and JAK2/Stat3 signal pathway, comparing to IMQ treated group. The findings suggest that RA inhibits psoriasis-like skin inflammation in vivo and in vitro by reducing the expression of IL-23, inhibiting Th17 dominated inflammation and down regulating the Jak2/Stat3 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Ning Li
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Ruhang Cai
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
| | - Jiangyong Gu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Fuda Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
| | - Chuanjian Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510120, China
| | - Dinghong Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
- Traditional Chinese Medicine College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510006, China
- Guangdong Provincial Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510380, China
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Li Y, Tang D, Wang X, Wang M, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Shen B, Chen J, Yin Z. Development of Origanum vulgare Cell Suspension Culture to Produce Polyphenols and the Stimulation Effect of Salicylic Acid Elicitation and Phenylalanine Feeding. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2021; 26:456-67. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-020-0193-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Chung YS, Ahmed PK, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Orthosiphon stamineus Proteins Alleviate Hydrogen Peroxide Stress in SH-SY5Y Cells. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11060585. [PMID: 34202937 PMCID: PMC8235403 DOI: 10.3390/life11060585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective potential of Orthosiphon stamineus leaf proteins (OSLPs) has never been evaluated in SH-SY5Y cells challenged by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). This work thus aims to elucidate OSLP neuroprotective potential in alleviating H2O2 stress. OSLPs at varying concentrations were evaluated for cytotoxicity (24 and 48 h) and neuroprotective potential in H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells (24 h). The protective mechanism of H2O2-induced SH-SY5Y cells was also explored via mass-spectrometry-based label-free quantitative proteomics (LFQ) and bioinformatics. OSLPs (25, 50, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL; 24 and 48 h) were found to be safe. Pre-treatments with OSLP doses (250, 500, and 1000 µg/mL, 24 h) significantly increased the survival of SH-SY5Y cells in a concentration-dependent manner and improved cell architecture—pyramidal-shaped cells, reduced clumping and shrinkage, with apparent neurite formations. OSLP pre-treatment (1000 µg/mL, 24 h) lowered the expressions of two major heat shock proteins, HSPA8 (heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 8) and HSP90AA1 (heat shock protein 90), which promote cellular stress signaling under stress conditions. OSLP is, therefore, suggested to be anti-inflammatory by modulating the “signaling of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13” pathway as the predominant mechanism in addition to regulating the “attenuation phase” and “HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors” pathways to counteract heat shock protein (HSP)-induced damage under stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Sir Chung
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (Y.-S.C.); (I.O.)
| | - Pervaiz Khalid Ahmed
- School of Business, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
- Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (Y.-S.C.); (I.O.)
- Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS) Platform, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia; (Y.-S.C.); (I.O.)
- Global Asia in the 21st Century (GA21), Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Yang K, Shen Z, Zou Y, Gao K. Rosmarinic acid inhibits migration, invasion, and p38/AP-1 signaling via miR-1225-5p in colorectal cancer cells. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2021; 41:284-293. [PMID: 32838607 DOI: 10.1080/10799893.2020.1808674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Elucidating the molecular mechanism of the migration and invasion is critical for identifying novel therapeutic targets and may significantly improve the prognosis of colorectal cancer. Emerging evidence suggests an involvement of dysregulated microRNAs in the process of tumorigenesis. Here, we show that miR-1225-5p prevents migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells. Overexpression of miR-1225-5p significantly decreases the expression of Matrix Metalloproteases (MMPs)-1, 3, and 9. Knockdown of miR-1225-5p elevates ROS level via regulating Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Furthermore, miR-1225-5p attenuates IL-17A-induced p38/AP-1-signaling pathway by suppressing IL-17RA expression. We also examined the biological effects of Rosmarinic acid (RA) on metastatic colorectal cancer cells. RA inhibited EMT via the p38/AP-1 signaling, and miR-1225-5p is essential for RA-mediated anti-metastatic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiyan Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaolong Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yueyi Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wang X, Qian Y, Li X, Jia X, Yan Z, Han M, Qiao M, Ma X, Chu Y, Zhou S, Yang W. Rapid determination of rosmarinic acid and its two bioactive metabolites in the plasma of rats by LC-MS/MS and application to a pharmacokinetics study. Biomed Chromatogr 2021; 35:e4984. [PMID: 33025603 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA), an ester compound of caffeic acid (CA) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenyllacic acid, is widely distributed in the herbs of the Lamiaceae family and has shown a wide spectrum of pharmacological properties. CA and FA (ferulic acid) are two bioactive metabolites in vivo after oral administration of RA; however, a rapid and robust analytical approach that can enable the quantitative assay of RA and two bioactive metabolites is still lacking. A liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry method was established that was capable of the quantitative determination of RA, CA and FA by negative-mode multiple reaction monitoring within 7 min using a Zorbax SB-C18 column and an isocratic elution. This assay method was validated as linear over the investigated ranges with correlation coefficients (r) > 0.9950. The intra- and inter-day precision was <10.65%, and the accuracies (relative error, %) <-6.41%. The validated approach was applied to a pharmacokinetics study of RA and its two metabolites in rats after oral and intravenous administration. RA was rapidly metabolized in both administration modes, whilst the metabolites CA and FA were only detectable by oral administration. The absolute availability of RA was calculated to be 4.13%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yuexin Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Xue Jia
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhexuan Yan
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Min Han
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Qiao
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Ma
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Chu
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Shuiping Zhou
- Tasly Academy, Tasly Holding Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
- Skate Key Laboratory of Core Technology in Innovation Chinese Medicine, Tasly Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Tianjin, China
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine and Tianjin Key Laboratory of TCM Chemistry and Analysis, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Mesquita LSF, Matos TS, Ávila FDN, Batista ADS, Moura AF, de Moraes MO, da Silva MCM, Ferreira TLA, Nascimento NRF, Monteiro NKV, Pessoa ODL. Diterpenoids from Leaves of Cultivated Plectranthus ornatus. Planta Med 2021; 87:124-135. [PMID: 32746472 DOI: 10.1055/a-1209-3252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two new diterpenoid derivatives 7α,12β,17-triacetoxy-6β,19-dihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione ( 1: ) and 6β-acetoxy-3β,7α,12α-trihydroxy-13β,16-spirocicloabiet-8-ene-11,14-dione ( 2: ) along with 11 ( 3: - 13: ) miscellaneous compounds were isolated from the leaves of Plectranthus ornatus Codd. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and gauge independent atomic orbitals 13C NMR calculations. The isolated compounds were screened for their effects on intestinal motility using guinea-pig ileum and duodenum and by their cytotoxicity against 4 human cancer cell lines (HCT-116, SF-295, PC-3, and HL-60). Compounds 6: and 9: were moderately cytotoxic against HL-60, whereas 6: and 13: were more active on SF-295 and HCT-116.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taynara Simão Matos
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | | | - Alison da Silva Batista
- Departamento de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Andréa Felinto Moura
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
| | - Manoel Odorico de Moraes
- Núcleo de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Medicamentos, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza-CE, Brazil
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Fachel FNS, Michels LR, Azambuja JH, Lenz GS, Gelsleichter NE, Endres M, Scholl JN, Schuh RS, Barschak AG, Figueiró F, Bassani VL, Henriques AT, Koester LS, Teixeira HF, Braganhol E. Chitosan-coated rosmarinic acid nanoemulsion nasal administration protects against LPS-induced memory deficit, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats. Neurochem Int 2020; 141:104875. [PMID: 33039443 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) lipid-nanotechnology-based delivery systems associate with mucoadhesive biopolymers for nasal administration has arisen as a new promising neuroprotective therapy for neurodegenerative disorders (ND). We have previously demonstrated the glioprotective effect of chitosan-coated RA nanoemulsions (RA CNE) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in rat astrocyte primary culture. Here, we further investigate the protective effect of RA CNE nasal administration on LPS-induced memory deficit, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats, since these in vivo studies were crucial to understand the impact of developed delivery systems in the RA neuroprotective effects. The animals were treated through nasal route with RA CNE (2 mg·mL-1), free RA (2 mg·mL-1), blank CNE, and saline (control and LPS groups) administrations (n.a., 100 μL per nostril) twice a day (7 a.m./7 p.m.) for six days. On the sixth day, the animals received the last treatments and LPS was intraperitoneally (i.p.) administrated (250 μg·kg-1). Overall results, proved for the first time that the RA CNE nasal administration elicits a neuroprotective effect against LPS-induced damage, which was associated with increased 1.6 times recognition index, decreased 5.0 and 1.9 times in GFAP+ cell count and CD11b expression, respectively, as well as increased 1.7 times SH in cerebellum and decreased 3.9 times TBARS levels in cerebral cortex in comparison with LPS group. RA CNE treatment also facilitates RA bioavailability in the brain, confirmed by RA quantification. Free RA also demonstrates a protective effect in some studied parameters, although no RA was quantified in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Luana Roberta Michels
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Hofstätter Azambuja
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Spies Lenz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nicolly Espindola Gelsleichter
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Endres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Roselena Silvestri Schuh
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alethea Gatto Barschak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil; Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amelia Teresinha Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Zhang T, Ma S, Liu C, Hu K, Xu M, Wang R. Rosmarinic Acid Prevents Radiation-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis Through Attenuation of ROS/MYPT1/TGFβ1 Signaling Via miR-19b-3p. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820968413. [PMID: 33149731 PMCID: PMC7580151 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820968413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis caused by irradiation remains obscure. Since rosmarinic acid (RA) have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, we aimed to evaluate the effect of RA on the X-ray-induced lung injury. Male rats received RA (30, 60, or 120 mg/kg) 7 days before 15 Gy of X-ray irradiation. Here, we showed that RA reduced X-ray-induced the expression of inflammatory related factors, and the level of reactive oxygen species. RA down-regulated the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB). We found that thoracic tumor patients whose lung regions received radiation showed lower level of microRNA-19b-3p (miR-19b-3p). Furthermore, we provided evidence that miR-19b-3p targets myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1), and RA attenuated RhoA/Rock signaling through upregulating miR-19b-3p, leading to the inhibition of fibrosis. In conclusion, RA may be an effective agent to relieve the pulmonary fibrosis caused by radiotherapy of thoracic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kai Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Rensheng Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Sitarek P, Merecz-Sadowska A, Śliwiński T, Zajdel R, Kowalczyk T. An In Vitro Evaluation of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action of Medical Plants from the Lamiaceae Family as Effective Sources of Active Compounds against Human Cancer Cell Lines. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2957. [PMID: 33066157 PMCID: PMC7601952 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12102957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
It is predicted that 1.8 million new cancer cases will be diagnosed worldwide in 2020; of these, the incidence of lung, colon, breast, and prostate cancers will be 22%, 9%, 7%, and 5%, respectively according to the National Cancer Institute. As the global medical cost of cancer in 2020 will exceed about $150 billion, new approaches and novel alternative chemoprevention molecules are needed. Research indicates that the plants of the Lamiaceae family may offer such potential. The present study reviews selected species from the Lamiaceae and their active compounds that may have the potential to inhibit the growth of lung, breast, prostate, and colon cancer cells; it examines the effects of whole extracts, individual compounds, and essential oils, and it discusses their underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The studied members of the Lamiaceae are sources of crucial phytochemicals that may be important modulators of cancer-related molecular targets and can be used as effective factors to support anti-tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Biology and Pharmaceutical Botany, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Śliwiński
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland; (A.M.-S.); (R.Z.)
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland;
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Liang Z, Wu L, Deng X, Liang Q, Xu Y, Deng R, Lv L, Ji M, Hao Z, He J. The Antioxidant Rosmarinic Acid Ameliorates Oxidative Lung Damage in Experimental Allergic Asthma via Modulation of NADPH Oxidases and Antioxidant Enzymes. Inflammation 2020; 43:1902-1912. [PMID: 32519269 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-020-01264-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress can induce lung damage and aggravate airway inflammation in asthma. Previously, we reported that rosmarinic acid (RA) exerted strong anti-inflammatory effects in a mouse allergic asthma model. Therefore, we hypothesized that RA might also have antioxidative effects in a superimposed asthma mouse model with oxidative lung damage challenged with ovalbumin (Ova) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). We evaluated the antioxidative and anti-asthmatic activity of RA and explored its possible mechanisms of action. Mice sensitized to Ova and challenged with Ova and H2O2 were treated with RA 1 h after challenge. RA treatment greatly diminished the number of inflammatory cells; decreased IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 production; increased IFN-γ secretion; significantly downregulated ROS production; and markedly upregulated the activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT. Furthermore, RA treatment resulted in a significant increase in the expression of Cu/Zn SOD and a notable reduction in NOX-2 and NOX-4 expression in lung tissues. These findings suggest that RA may effectively alleviate oxidative lung damage and airway inflammation in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengmin Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqin Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiuling Liang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfeng Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruihan Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Lv
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- The Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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Hernandez DF, Cervantes EL, Luna-Vital DA, Mojica L. Food-derived bioactive compounds with anti-aging potential for nutricosmetic and cosmeceutical products. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:3740-3755. [PMID: 32772550 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1805407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Besides providing essential nutrients for humans, food contains bioactive compounds that exert diverse biological activities such as anti-microbial, anti-cancerogenic, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant. The cosmetic industry is interested in natural bioactive compounds for their use in nutricosmetic and cosmeceutical products. These products aimed to reduce skin aging, inflammation or provide photoprotection against UV radiation. As a result, nutricosmetics and cosmeceuticals are becoming innovative self-care products in the beauty market. These products contain phytochemicals as active compounds obtained from fruits, vegetables, legumes, medicinal herbs and plants with anti-aging potential. This review summarizes the information within the last 5 years related to bioactive compounds present in fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices commonly used for human consumption. Their antioxidant and biological potential for modulating molecular markers involved in the aging process, as well as their mechanism of action. Diverse natural foods and their byproducts could be used as a source of bioactive compounds for developing cosmeceutical and nutricosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fonseca Hernandez
- Tecnología Alimentaria. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. CIATEJ, Unidad Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Eugenia Lugo Cervantes
- Tecnología Alimentaria. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. CIATEJ, Unidad Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
| | - Diego A Luna-Vital
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, Department of Bioengineering and Science, Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Luis Mojica
- Tecnología Alimentaria. Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco, A.C. CIATEJ, Unidad Zapopan, Zapopan, Jalisco, México
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Liao X, Gao Y, Sun L, Liu J, Chen H, Yu L, Chen Z, Chen W, Lin L. Rosmarinic acid reverses non-small cell lung cancer cisplatin resistance by activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Phytother Res 2020; 34:1142-1153. [PMID: 31985119 PMCID: PMC7217221 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the first-line chemotherapeutic agents for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, repeated use of cisplatin in clinical practice often induces chemoresistance. The aims of this study were to investigate whether rosmarinic acid (RA) could reverse multidrug resistance (MDR) in NSCLC and to explore the underlying mechanisms. Our data demonstrated that RA significantly inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation and cell colony formation in a dose-dependent manner, induced G1 phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and increased the sensitivity of cell lines resistant to DDP. Mechanistically, RA inhibited NSCLC cell growth, arrested cell cycle, and induced apoptosis by activating MAPK and inhibiting the expression of P-gp and MDR1, which correspondingly enhanced p21 and p53 expression. We observed that the growth of xenograft tumors derived from NSCLC cell lines in nude mice was significantly inhibited by combination therapy. We demonstrate that RA is a potentially effective MDR reversal agent for NSCLC, based on downregulation of MDR1 mRNA expression and P-gp. Together, these results emphasize the putative role of RA as a resistance reversal agent in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao‐Zhong Liao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ying Gao
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ling‐Ling Sun
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Jia‐Hui Liu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Han‐Rui Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhuang‐Zhong Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Hui Chen
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalJinan UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Li‐Zhu Lin
- Department of Oncology, the First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhouChina
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Sedano-Partida MD, Santos KPD, Sala-Carvalho WR, Silva-Luz CL, Furlan CM. Anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial potential of Hyptis radicans (Pohl) Harley & J.F.B. Pastore and Hyptis multibracteata Benth. (Lamiaceae). J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Shen Y, Han J, Zheng X, Ai B, Yang Y, Xiao D, Zheng L, Sheng Z. Rosemary Leaf Extract Inhibits Glycation, Breast Cancer Proliferation, and Diabetes Risks. Applied Sciences 2020; 10:2249. [DOI: 10.3390/app10072249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) generated from glycation can cause inflammation-related diseases such as diabetes and cancer. The bioactive compounds of rosemary extract (RE) were extracted and incubated with sugar-protein rich food and breast cancer cell MCF-7 to investigate its inhibitory effect on glycation and cancer cell proliferation, respectively. The diabetic rat was dosed with RE to investigate its effect on blood glucose, serum malondialdehyde (MDA), cholesterol (CHO), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoproteins (LDLs), anti-oxidation capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, anti-oxidation capacity alkaline phosphatase (ALP), glutamate pyruvate transaminase (GPT), and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT). The results show that RE contained seven major phenolics ranging from 17.82 mg/g for rosemarinic acid to 0.01 mg/g for ferulic acid on dry weight basis. It significantly lowered AGEs, carboxymethyl lysine (CML), and protein glycation in a sugar-protein rich intermediate-moisture-food (IMF) model. Furthermore, the survival rates of MCF-7 cells decreased to 6.02 and 2.16% after 96 h of incubation with 1.0 and 2.0 mg/mL of RE, respectively. The blood glucose, MDA, CHO, TG, and LDLs in diabetic rats of RE treatment were decreased. The RE treatment also enhanced the T-AOC and SOD activity. Furthermore, the RE treatment improved liver function through improving ALP, GPT, and GOT activities in diabetic rats. The results provide important information for the nutriaceutical and pharmaceutical application of rosemary extract.
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Fachel FNS, Dal Prá M, Azambuja JH, Endres M, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Barschak AG, Teixeira HF, Braganhol E. Glioprotective Effect of Chitosan-Coated Rosmarinic Acid Nanoemulsions Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rat Astrocyte Primary Cultures. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2020; 40:123-139. [PMID: 31446560 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-019-00727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with a well-documented neuroprotective effect mainly associated with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Recently, our research group developed and optimized chitosan-coated RA nanoemulsions (RA CNE) intended to be used for nasal delivery as a new potential neuroprotective therapy. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the protective and/or therapeutic potential of RA CNE in inflammation/oxidative stress induced by LPS (1 μg mL-1) in rat astrocyte primary cultures. In summary, pre-treatment with RA CNE before exposure to LPS (protective protocol) reduced significantly the LPS-induced alterations in astrocyte cell viability, proliferation, and cell death by necrosis, which was not observed in therapeutic protocol. RA CNE protective protocol also enhanced anti-oxidative status by ~ 50% by decreasing oxygen reactive species production and nitric oxide levels and preventing total thiol content decrease. Finally, our results demonstrate the protective effect of RA CNE in migratory activation and GFAP expression of reactive astrocytes. Overall, our findings indicate for the first time the RA CNE glioprotective potential, associated with an increase in cell viability and proliferation, a preventive effect on cellular death by necrosis, migratory ability and hypertrophic reactive astrocytes, and the reparation of astrocyte redox state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Morgana Dal Prá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juliana Hofstätter Azambuja
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Endres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amelia Teresinha Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alethea Gatto Barschak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Marafon P, Fachel FNS, Dal Prá M, Bassani VL, Koester LS, Henriques AT, Braganhol E, Teixeira HF. Development, physico-chemical characterization and in-vitro studies of hydrogels containing rosmarinic acid-loaded nanoemulsion for topical application. J Pharm Pharmacol 2019; 71:1199-1208. [PMID: 31124591 DOI: 10.1111/jphp.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Natural sources with antioxidant activity, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have been considered as an interesting approach for the development of new anti-ageing skin products. In this context, this study aimed to develop hydrogels containing RA-loaded nanoemulsions and evaluate the effect of the addition of Tween® 80 (a nonionic cosurfactant) in formulations intended to be used for topical application. METHODS Physico-chemical characterization, in-vitro release and skin retention/permeation from hydrogels of RA-loaded nanoemulsions (containing or not Tween® 80) were evaluated. The RA-loaded nanoemulsion safety profiles were also investigated in keratinocytes (HaCaT cells). KEY FINDINGS It was observed that all formulations presented adequate physico-chemical characterization for topical application. Furthermore, the results also demonstrated that the presence of Tween® 80 decreased the droplet size and polydispersity index of nanoemulsions and hydrogels. An extended RA release was noted for the hydrogels. However, when comparing the hydrogels, a positive effect of the presence of Tween® 80 on RA retention/permeation in total skin was seen. The RA-loaded nanoemulsion safety profiles demonstrated a good tolerability (3.125-100 μm) in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSIONS The overall results demonstrated that the formulations developed in this study can be considered as a suitable carrier for RA in a topical application targeting new anti-ageing skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Marafon
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávia Nathiely Silveira Fachel
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Morgana Dal Prá
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Valquíria Linck Bassani
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Letícia Scherer Koester
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Amélia Teresinha Henriques
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Elizandra Braganhol
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Helder Ferreira Teixeira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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Lin WY, Yu YJ, Jinn TR. Evaluation of the virucidal effects of rosmarinic acid against enterovirus 71 infection via in vitro and in vivo study. Virol J 2019; 16:94. [PMID: 31366366 PMCID: PMC6670152 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1203-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although enterovirus 71 (EV71) is an important public health threat, especially in the Asia-Pacific region, there are still no effective drugs or vaccines to treat and prevent EV71 infection. Therefore, it is critical to develop prophylactic and therapeutic agents against EV71. Rosmarinic acid (RA), a phytochemical, has been discovered to possess a broad spectrum of biological activities. METHODS The virucidal effects of RA on EV71 were determined by MTT, western blot, median cell culture infectious dose, apoptosis detection, plaque reduction, semi-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, immunofluorescence detection, molecular docking analysis, and mouse protection assay. RESULTS RA showed a strong protective effect against EV71 infection in human rhabdomyosarcoma cells when the multiplicity of infection was 1, with a low IC50 value (4.33 ± 0.18 μM) and high therapeutic index (340). RA not only protected cells from EV71-induced cytopathic effects, but also from EV71-induced apoptosis. The results of time-of-addition analysis demonstrated that the inhibitory activity of RA was highest at the early stage of viral infection. Consistent with this, the infectivity of EV71 in the early stage of viral infection also was observed to be limited in neonatal mice treated with RA. Further, molecular docking predicts that RA could replace the natural pocket factor within the VP1 capsid-binding hydrophobic pocket. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that RA has the potential to be developed as an antiviral agent against initial EV71 infection to prevent or reduce EV71-induced pathogenesis and complications, since RA can effectively reduce EV71 infection in the early stages of viral infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yu Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Yu-Jen Yu
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Tzyy-Rong Jinn
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Xu LL, Shang ZP, Bo T, Sun L, Guo QL, Qiao X, Ye M. Rapid quantitation and identification of the chemical constituents in Danhong Injection by liquid chromatography coupled with orbitrap mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1606:460378. [PMID: 31376981 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Danhong Injection (DHI) is a Chinese medicine patent drug to treat cardiovascular diseases. It is derived from the herbal medicines Dan-shen and Hong-hua. The bioactive compounds of DHI are polar phenolic acids and flavonoid glycosides. Thus far, the contents of major compounds in DHI are not well understood, and the identification of minor compounds lacks rapid methods. In this work, quantitative and qualitative analyses of DHI compounds were performed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with orbitrap mass spectrometry (UHPLC/orbitrap-MS). DHI was separated on an Acquity HSS T3 column (1.8 μm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm) and eluted with acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% formic acid) to determine the contents of 12 compounds within 6 min. The method was fully validated according to the ICH guidance. To identify the minor compounds, an ion statistics-based strategy was used to dig for 4 filtering ions and 6 diagnostic ions from 22 reference standards. A total of 117 compounds, including 76 phenolic acids, 20 flavonoids, and 21 other compounds were tentatively identified. The poor stability of salvianolic acid A upon storage was also discussed.
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Świsłocka R, Regulska E, Karpińska J, Świderski G, Lewandowski W. Molecular Structure and Antioxidant Properties of Alkali Metal Salts of Rosmarinic Acid. Experimental and DFT Studies. Molecules 2019; 24:E2645. [PMID: 31330920 PMCID: PMC6680818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular structure of alkali metal rosmarinates was studied in comparison to rosmarinic acid using FT-IR, FT-Raman, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, as well as density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) method was used to calculate optimized geometrical structures of studied compounds, atomic charges, dipole moments, energies, as well as the wavenumbers and intensities of the bands in vibrational and NMR spectra. Theoretical parameters were compared to experimental data. Antioxidant activity was determined using two spectrophotometric methods: (i) Assessing the ability to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) stable radical and (ii) assay of antioxidant power of ferric ions reducing (FRAP). The linear correlations were found between HOMO-LUMO (highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energy gap and the reducing power expressed as FRAP (R = 0.77) as well as between IC50 values (the ability of quenching DPPH radicals) and Δνas-s(COO) in IR spectra (differences between asymmetric and symmetric stretching vibrations bands) (R = 0.99). Photochemical properties of studied compounds were also evaluated. The influence of alkali metal on the electronic system of the rosmarinic acid molecule was discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Świsłocka
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Ewa Regulska
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Karpińska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciolkowskiego Street 1K, 15-245 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Świderski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Włodzimierz Lewandowski
- Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska Street 45E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
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