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Bardol T, Eslami‐S Z, Masmoudi D, Alexandre M, Duboys de Labarre M, Bobrie A, D'Hondt V, Guiu S, Kurma K, Cayrefourcq L, Jacot W, Alix‐Panabières C. First evidence of AXL expression on circulating tumor cells in metastatic breast cancer patients: A proof-of-concept study. Cancer Med 2023; 13:e6843. [PMID: 38132919 PMCID: PMC10807582 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For several years, the AXL tyrosine kinase receptor, a member of the Tyro3-Axl-Mer (TAM) family, has been considered a new strategic target in oncology. AXL overexpression is common in solid tumors and is associated with poor prognosis. In this context, the detection of a subset of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) that express AXL (AXL+ CTCs) could be clinically relevant. METHODS Immunostaining was performed to assess AXL expression in human breast cancer cell lines. The optimal conditions were established using flow cytometry. Spiking experiments were carried out to optimize the parameters of the CellSearch® system detection test. CTC enumeration and AXL expression were evaluated in patients with metastatic breast cancer (mBC) before treatment initiation. RESULTS An innovative AXL+ CTC detection assay to be used with the CellSearch® system was developed. In a prospective longitudinal clinical trial, blood samples from 60 patients with untreated mBC were analyzed to detect AXL+ CTCs with this new assay. CTCs were detected in 35/60 patients (58.3%) and AXL+ CTCs were identified in 7 of these 35 patients (11.7% of all patients). CONCLUSION This newly established AXL+ CTC assay is a promising tool that can be used for liquid biopsy in future clinical trials to stratify and monitor patients with cancer receiving anti-AXL therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bardol
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Zahra Eslami‐S
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Doryan Masmoudi
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
| | - Marie Alexandre
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Marie Duboys de Labarre
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Angélique Bobrie
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Véronique D'Hondt
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Séverine Guiu
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Keerthi Kurma
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - Laure Cayrefourcq
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
| | - William Jacot
- Department of Medical OncologyInstitut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
- Institut de Recherche en Cancérologie de MontpellierINSERM U1194, Montpellier UniversityMontpellierFrance
| | - Catherine Alix‐Panabières
- Laboratory of Rare Circulating Human Cells—University Medical Center of MontpellierMontpellierFrance
- CREEC/CANECEV, MIVEGEC (CREES)Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRDMontpellierFrance
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS)HamburgGermany
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Kurimchak AM, Herrera-Montávez C, Montserrat-Sangrà S, Araiza-Olivera D, Hu J, Neumann-Domer R, Kuruvilla M, Bellacosa A, Testa JR, Jin J, Duncan JS. The drug efflux pump MDR1 promotes intrinsic and acquired resistance to PROTACs in cancer cells. Sci Signal 2022; 15:eabn2707. [PMID: 36041010 PMCID: PMC9552188 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.abn2707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) are a promising new class of drugs that selectively degrade cellular proteins of interest. PROTACs that target oncogene products are avidly being explored for cancer therapies, and several are currently in clinical trials. Drug resistance is a substantial challenge in clinical oncology, and resistance to PROTACs has been reported in several cancer cell models. Here, using proteomic analysis, we found intrinsic and acquired resistance mechanisms to PROTACs in cancer cell lines mediated by greater abundance or production of the drug efflux pump MDR1. PROTAC-resistant cells were resensitized to PROTACs by genetic ablation of ABCB1 (which encodes MDR1) or by coadministration of MDR1 inhibitors. In MDR1-overexpressing colorectal cancer cells, degraders targeting either the kinases MEK1/2 or the oncogenic mutant GTPase KRASG12C synergized with the dual epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ErbB)/MDR1 inhibitor lapatinib. Moreover, compared with single-agent therapies, combining MEK1/2 degraders with lapatinib improved growth inhibition of MDR1-overexpressing KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer xenografts in mice. Together, our findings suggest that concurrent blockade of MDR1 will likely be required with PROTACs to achieve durable protein degradation and therapeutic response in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison M. Kurimchak
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Carlos Herrera-Montávez
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Sara Montserrat-Sangrà
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Daniela Araiza-Olivera
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jianping Hu
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York 10029, USA
| | - Ryan Neumann-Domer
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Mathew Kuruvilla
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA,Cancer Epigenetics Institute, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Alfonso Bellacosa
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA,Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Joseph R. Testa
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA
| | - Jian Jin
- Mount Sinai Center for Therapeutics Discovery, Departments of Pharmacological Sciences and Oncological Sciences, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York 10029, USA
| | - James S. Duncan
- Cancer Signaling & Epigenetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA,Correspondence:
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Liu H, Muttenthaler M. High Oxytocin Receptor Expression Linked to Increased Cell Migration and Reduced Survival in Patients with Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10071595. [PMID: 35884900 PMCID: PMC9313263 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10071595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive breast cancer subtype with limited treatment options and high mortality. The oxytocin receptor (OTR) is a class-A G protein-coupled receptor that has been linked to breast cancer, but its role in tumorigenesis and disease progression remains underexplored. OTR expression is highest in tumour-adjacent breast tissue, followed by normal and tumour tissue, indicating a potential role in the tumour microenvironment. OTR levels were higher in migrated MDA-MB-231 cells than in the control parental cells cultured in normal medium; OTR overexpression/knock-down and metastasis biomarker experiments revealed that high OTR expression enhanced metastasis capabilities. These findings align well with data from a murine breast cancer metastasis model, where metastasised tumours had higher OTR expression than the corresponding primary tumours, and high OTR expression also correlates to reduced survival in TNBC patients. OTR agonists/antagonists did not affect MDA-MB-231 cell migration, and pharmacological analysis revealed that the OT/OTR signalling was compromised. High OTR expression enhanced cell migration in an OTR ligand-independent manner, with the underlying mechanism linked to the EGF-mediated ERK1/2-RSK-rpS6 pathway. Taken together, high OTR expression seems to be involved in TNBC metastasis via increasing cell sensitivity to EGF. These results support a potential prognostic biomarker role of OTR and provide new mechanistic insights and opportunities for targeted treatment options for TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiping Liu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Markus Muttenthaler
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia;
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-7-3346-2985; Fax: +61-7-3346-2101
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Saunus JM, De Luca XM, Northwood K, Raghavendra A, Hasson A, McCart Reed AE, Lim M, Lal S, Vargas AC, Kutasovic JR, Dalley AJ, Miranda M, Kalaw E, Kalita-de Croft P, Gresshoff I, Al-Ejeh F, Gee JMW, Ormandy C, Khanna KK, Beesley J, Chenevix-Trench G, Green AR, Rakha EA, Ellis IO, Nicolau DV, Simpson PT, Lakhani SR. Epigenome erosion and SOX10 drive neural crest phenotypic mimicry in triple-negative breast cancer. NPJ Breast Cancer 2022; 8:57. [PMID: 35501337 PMCID: PMC9061835 DOI: 10.1038/s41523-022-00425-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intratumoral heterogeneity is caused by genomic instability and phenotypic plasticity, but how these features co-evolve remains unclear. SOX10 is a neural crest stem cell (NCSC) specifier and candidate mediator of phenotypic plasticity in cancer. We investigated its relevance in breast cancer by immunophenotyping 21 normal breast and 1860 tumour samples. Nuclear SOX10 was detected in normal mammary luminal progenitor cells, the histogenic origin of most TNBCs. In tumours, nuclear SOX10 was almost exclusive to TNBC, and predicted poorer outcome amongst cross-sectional (p = 0.0015, hazard ratio 2.02, n = 224) and metaplastic (p = 0.04, n = 66) cases. To understand SOX10’s influence over the transcriptome during the transition from normal to malignant states, we performed a systems-level analysis of co-expression data, de-noising the networks with an eigen-decomposition method. This identified a core module in SOX10’s normal mammary epithelial network that becomes rewired to NCSC genes in TNBC. Crucially, this reprogramming was proportional to genome-wide promoter methylation loss, particularly at lineage-specifying CpG-island shores. We propose that the progressive, genome-wide methylation loss in TNBC simulates more primitive epigenome architecture, making cells vulnerable to SOX10-driven reprogramming. This study demonstrates potential utility for SOX10 as a prognostic biomarker in TNBC and provides new insights about developmental phenotypic mimicry—a major contributor to intratumoral heterogeneity.
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Lim M, Nguyen TH, Niland C, Reid LE, Jat PS, Saunus JM, Lakhani SR. Landscape of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Heterodimers in Brain Metastases. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030533. [PMID: 35158800 PMCID: PMC8833370 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary HER2+ breast cancer patients are treated with agents that tag HER2+ tumour cells for elimination by the immune system, down-modulate HER2 activity and/or block the formation of HER2 dimers, including the neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3. HER2-targeted therapies prolong survival by lowering the risk of relapse, but do not prevent brain metastases. The reasons for this are not fully understood. We quantified HER2-HER3 dimers in 203 brain metastases, and 34 primary breast tumour samples. Dimer frequency was relatively high in brain metastases from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers, and in brain metastases compared to patient-matched breast tumours; but did not reliably correlate with HER2/HER3 expression or activation. In in vitro experiments, pertuzumab failed to suppress HER2-HER3 dimers in HER2+ breast cancer cells provided with a saturating concentration of neuregulin-1. These findings may provide insights about the differences in intracranial versus extracranial efficacy of HER2-targeted therapies. Abstract HER2+ breast cancer patients have an elevated risk of developing brain metastases (BM), despite adjuvant HER2-targeted therapy. The mechanisms underpinning this reduced intracranial efficacy are unclear. We optimised the in situ proximity ligation assay (PLA) for detection of the high-affinity neuregulin-1 receptor, HER2-HER3 (a key target of pertuzumab), in archival tissue samples and developed a pipeline for high throughput extraction of PLA data from fluorescent microscope image files. Applying this to a large BM sample cohort (n = 159) showed that BM from breast, ovarian, lung and kidney cancers have higher HER2-HER3 levels than other primary tumour types (melanoma, colorectal and prostate cancers). HER2 status, and tumour cell membrane expression of pHER2(Y1221/1222) and pHER3(Y1222) were positively, but not exclusively, associated with HER2-HER3 frequency. In an independent cohort (n = 78), BM had significantly higher HER2-HER3 levels than matching primary tumours (p = 0.0002). For patients who had two craniotomy procedures, HER2-HER3 dimer levels were lower in the consecutive lesion (n = 7; p = 0.006). We also investigated the effects of trastuzumab and pertuzumab on five different heterodimers in vitro: HER2-EGFR, HER2-HER4, HER2-HER3, HER3-HER4, HER3-EGFR. Treatment significantly altered the absolute frequencies of individual complexes in SKBr3 and/or MDA-MB-361 cells, but in the presence of neuregulin-1, the overall distribution was not markedly altered, with HER2-HER3 and HER2-HER4 remaining predominant. Together, these findings suggest that markers of HER2 and HER3 expression are not always indicative of dimerization, and that pertuzumab may be less effective at reducing HER2-HER3 dimerization in the context of excess neuregulin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malcolm Lim
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Tam H. Nguyen
- Flow Cytometry and Imaging Facility, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia;
| | - Colleen Niland
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Lynne E. Reid
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
| | - Parmjit S. Jat
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease and MRC Prion Unit, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK;
| | - Jodi M. Saunus
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
| | - Sunil R. Lakhani
- Faculty of Medicine, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia; (M.L.); (C.N.); (L.E.R.)
- Pathology Queensland, Royal Brisbane Women’s Hospital, Herston, QLD 4029, Australia
- Correspondence: (J.M.S.); (S.R.L.)
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Skok K, Gradišnik L, Čelešnik H, Milojević M, Potočnik U, Jezernik G, Gorenjak M, Sobočan M, Takač I, Kavalar R, Maver U. MFUM-BrTNBC-1, a Newly Established Patient-Derived Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line: Molecular Characterisation, Genetic Stability, and Comprehensive Comparison with Commercial Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Cells 2021; 11:cells11010117. [PMID: 35011679 PMCID: PMC8749978 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a breast cancer (BC) subtype that accounts for approximately 15–20% of all BC cases. Cancer cell lines (CLs) provide an efficient way to model the disease. We have recently isolated a patient-derived triple-negative BC CL MFUM-BrTNBC-1 and performed a detailed morphological and molecular characterisation and a comprehensive comparison with three commercial BC CLs (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-453). Light and fluorescence microscopy were used for morphological studies; immunocytochemical staining for hormone receptor, p53 and Ki67 status; RNA sequencing, qRT-PCR and STR analysis for molecular characterisation; and biomedical image analysis for comparative phenotypical analysis. The patient tissue-derived MFUM-BrTNBC-1 maintained the primary triple-negative receptor status. STR analysis showed a stable and unique STR profile up to the 6th passage. MFUM-BrTNBC-1 expressed EMT transition markers and displayed changes in several cancer-related pathways (MAPK, Wnt and PI3K signalling; nucleotide excision repair; and SWI/SNF chromatin remodelling). Morphologically, MFUM-BrTNBC-1 differed from the commercial TNBC CL MDA-MB-231. The advantages of MFUM-BrTNBC-1 are its isolation from a primary tumour, rather than a metastatic site; good growth characteristics; phenotype identical to primary tissue; complete records of origin; a unique identifier; complete, unique STR profile; quantifiable morphological properties; and genetic stability up to (at least) the 6th passage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristijan Skok
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Location West, Göstinger Straße 22, 8020 Graz, Austria
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (U.M.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-5541 (K.S.); +386-2-234-5823 (U.M.)
| | - Lidija Gradišnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Helena Čelešnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Marko Milojević
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Uroš Potočnik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova Ulica 17, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Jezernik
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Mario Gorenjak
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
| | - Monika Sobočan
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Takač
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Division for Gynecology and Perinatology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Rajko Kavalar
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Centre Maribor, Ljubljanska Ulica 5, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Uroš Maver
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Maribor, Taborska Ulica 8, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia; (L.G.); (H.Č.); (M.M.); (U.P.); (G.J.); (M.G.); (M.S.); (I.T.); (R.K.)
- Correspondence: (K.S.); (U.M.); Tel.: +43-316-5466-5541 (K.S.); +386-2-234-5823 (U.M.)
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Sflomos G, Schipper K, Koorman T, Fitzpatrick A, Oesterreich S, Lee AV, Jonkers J, Brunton VG, Christgen M, Isacke C, Derksen PWB, Brisken C. Atlas of Lobular Breast Cancer Models: Challenges and Strategic Directions. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5396. [PMID: 34771558 PMCID: PMC8582475 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) accounts for up to 15% of all breast cancer (BC) cases and responds well to endocrine treatment when estrogen receptor α-positive (ER+) yet differs in many biological aspects from other ER+ BC subtypes. Up to 30% of patients with ILC will develop late-onset metastatic disease up to ten years after initial tumor diagnosis and may experience failure of systemic therapy. Unfortunately, preclinical models to study ILC progression and predict the efficacy of novel therapeutics are scarce. Here, we review the current advances in ILC modeling, including cell lines and organotypic models, genetically engineered mouse models, and patient-derived xenografts. We also underscore four critical challenges that can be addressed using ILC models: drug resistance, lobular tumor microenvironment, tumor dormancy, and metastasis. Finally, we highlight the advantages of shared experimental ILC resources and provide essential considerations from the perspective of the European Lobular Breast Cancer Consortium (ELBCC), which is devoted to better understanding and translating the molecular cues that underpin ILC to clinical diagnosis and intervention. This review will guide investigators who are considering the implementation of ILC models in their research programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Sflomos
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Koen Schipper
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Thijs Koorman
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Steffi Oesterreich
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Adrian V. Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; (S.O.); (A.V.L.)
- Magee Women’s Cancer Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Cancer Biology Program, Women’s Cancer Research Center, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA
| | - Jos Jonkers
- Division of Molecular Pathology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Oncode Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Valerie G. Brunton
- Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Crewe Road South, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK;
| | - Matthias Christgen
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany;
| | - Clare Isacke
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
| | - Patrick W. B. Derksen
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands; (T.K.); (P.W.B.D.)
| | - Cathrin Brisken
- ISREC—Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research, School of Life Sciences, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB, UK; (K.S.); (A.F.); (C.I.)
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8
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Núñez-Iglesias MJ, Novio S, García C, Pérez-Muñuzuri ME, Martínez MC, Santiago JL, Boso S, Gago P, Freire-Garabal M. Co-Adjuvant Therapy Efficacy of Catechin and Procyanidin B2 with Docetaxel on Hormone-Related Cancers In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137178. [PMID: 34281228 PMCID: PMC8268784 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate (PC) and breast cancer (BC) are heterogeneous hormonal cancers. Treatment resistance and adverse effects are the main limitations of conventional chemotherapy treatment. The use of sensitizing agents could improve the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs as well as obviate these limitations. This study analyzes the effect of single catechin (CAT), procyanidin B2 (ProB2) treatment as well as the co-adjuvant treatment of each of these compounds with docetaxel (DOCE). We used PC- and BC-derived cell lines (PC3, DU-145, T47D, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The short and long-term pro-apoptotic, anti-proliferative and anti-migratory effects were analyzed. RT-qPCR was used to discover molecular bases of the therapeutic efficacy of these compounds. ProB2 treatment induced a two- to five-fold increase in anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects compared to single DOCE treatment, and also had a more sensitizing effect than DOCE on DU145 cells. Regarding BC cells, ProB2- and CAT-mediated sensitization to DOCE anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects was cell-independent and cell-dependent, respectively. Combined treatment led to high-efficacy effects on MCF-7 cells, which were associated to the up-regulation of CDKN1A, BAX, caspase 9 and E-cadherin mRNA under combined treatment compared to single DOCE treatment. CAT and ProB2 can enhance the efficacy of DOCE therapy on PC and BC cells by the sensitizing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mª Jesús Núñez-Iglesias
- SNL Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain; (M.J.N.-I.); (C.G.); (M.E.P.-M.); (M.F.-G.)
| | - Silvia Novio
- SNL Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain; (M.J.N.-I.); (C.G.); (M.E.P.-M.); (M.F.-G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Carlota García
- SNL Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain; (M.J.N.-I.); (C.G.); (M.E.P.-M.); (M.F.-G.)
| | - Mª Elena Pérez-Muñuzuri
- SNL Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain; (M.J.N.-I.); (C.G.); (M.E.P.-M.); (M.F.-G.)
| | - María-Carmen Martínez
- Group of Viticulture, Olive and Rose (VIOR), Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carballeira 8, 36143 Salcedo, Spain; (M.-C.M.); (J.-L.S.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - José-Luis Santiago
- Group of Viticulture, Olive and Rose (VIOR), Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carballeira 8, 36143 Salcedo, Spain; (M.-C.M.); (J.-L.S.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Susana Boso
- Group of Viticulture, Olive and Rose (VIOR), Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carballeira 8, 36143 Salcedo, Spain; (M.-C.M.); (J.-L.S.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Pilar Gago
- Group of Viticulture, Olive and Rose (VIOR), Misión Biológica de Galicia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Carballeira 8, 36143 Salcedo, Spain; (M.-C.M.); (J.-L.S.); (S.B.); (P.G.)
| | - Manuel Freire-Garabal
- SNL Laboratory, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Santiago de Compostela, c/San Francisco, s/n, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain; (M.J.N.-I.); (C.G.); (M.E.P.-M.); (M.F.-G.)
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9
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Jiang JC, Rothnagel JA, Upton KR. Widespread Exaptation of L1 Transposons for Transcription Factor Binding in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5625. [PMID: 34070697 PMCID: PMC8199441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
L1 transposons occupy 17% of the human genome and are widely exapted for the regulation of human genes, particularly in breast cancer, where we have previously shown abundant cancer-specific transcription factor (TF) binding sites within the L1PA2 subfamily. In the current study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of TF binding activities in primate-specific L1 subfamilies and identified pervasive exaptation events amongst these evolutionarily related L1 transposons. By motif scanning, we predicted diverse and abundant TF binding potentials within the L1 transposons. We confirmed substantial TF binding activities in the L1 subfamilies using TF binding sites consolidated from an extensive collection of publicly available ChIP-seq datasets. Young L1 subfamilies (L1HS, L1PA2 and L1PA3) contributed abundant TF binding sites in MCF7 cells, primarily via their 5' UTR. This is expected as the L1 5' UTR hosts cis-regulatory elements that are crucial for L1 replication and mobilisation. Interestingly, the ancient L1 subfamilies, where 5' truncation was common, displayed comparable TF binding capacity through their 3' ends, suggesting an alternative exaptation mechanism in L1 transposons that was previously unnoticed. Overall, primate-specific L1 transposons were extensively exapted for TF binding in MCF7 breast cancer cells and are likely prominent genetic players modulating breast cancer transcriptional regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kyle R. Upton
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia; (J.-C.J.); (J.A.R.)
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10
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Nobili S, Mannini A, Parenti A, Raggi C, Lapucci A, Chiorino G, Paccosi S, Di Gennaro P, Vezzosi V, Romagnoli P, Susini T, Coronnello M. Establishment and characterization of a new spontaneously immortalized ER -/PR -/HER2 + human breast cancer cell line, DHSF-BR16. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8340. [PMID: 33863935 PMCID: PMC8052418 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) constitutes the most frequent malignant cancer endangering women’s health. In this study, a new spontaneously immortalized breast cancer cell line, DHSF-BR16 cells, was isolated from the primary IDC of a 74-years old female patient, treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and disease-free 5-years after adjuvant chemotherapy. Primary breast cancer tissue surgically removed was classified as ER−/PR−/HER2+, and the same phenotype was maintained by DHSF-BR16 cells. We examined DHSF-BR16 cell morphology and relevant biological and molecular markers, as well as their response to anticancer drugs commonly used for breast cancer treatment. MCF-7 cells were used for comparison purposes. The DHSF-BR16 cells showed the ability to form spheroids and migrate. Furthermore, DHSF-BR16 cells showed a mixed stemness phenotype (i.e. CD44+/CD24−/low), high levels of cytokeratin 7, moderate levels of cytokeratin 8 and 18, EpCAM and E-Cadh. Transcriptome analysis showed 2071 differentially expressed genes between DHSF-BR16 and MCF-7 cells (logFC > 2, p-adj < 0.01). Several genes were highly upregulated or downregulated in the new cell line (log2 scale fold change magnitude within − 9.6 to + 12.13). A spontaneous immortalization signature, mainly represented by extracellular exosomes-, plasma membrane- and endoplasmic reticulum membrane pathways (GO database) as well as by metabolic pathways (KEGG database) was observed in DHSF-BR16 cells. Also, these cells were more resistant to anthracyclines compared with MCF-7 cells. Overall, DHSF-BR16 cell line represents a relevant model useful to investigate cancer biology, to identify both novel prognostic and drug response predictive biomarkers as well as to assess new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Nobili
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Imaging and Clinical Sciences, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonella Mannini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Astrid Parenti
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Raggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lapucci
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Sara Paccosi
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Paola Di Gennaro
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit - Regional Melanoma Referral Center - Tuscan Tumor Institute (ITT), Santa Maria Annunziata Hospital, Bagno a Ripoli, Florence, Italy
| | - Vania Vezzosi
- Department Organizational Structure (SOD) of Pathological Histology and Molecular Diagnostics, AOU Careggi, Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Romagnoli
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Tommaso Susini
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Marcella Coronnello
- Department of Health Science, Section of Clinical Pharmacology and Oncology, University of Florence, viale Pieraccini, 6, 50139, Florence, Italy.
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11
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Johnstone CN, Tu Y, Langenbach S, Baloyan D, Pattison AD, Lock P, Britt KL, Lehmann BD, Beilharz TH, Ernst M, Anderson RL, Stewart AG. Annexin A1 Is Required for Efficient Tumor Initiation and Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance in a Model of Human Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:1154. [PMID: 33800279 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13051154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor outcome compared to the other major breast cancer subtypes and new therapies are needed. We sought to clarify the functions of a ubiquitous protein, Annexin A1, in the development and progression of TNBC. We found that Annexin A1 expression correlated with poor patient prognosis in basal-like breast tumors and also in the basal like-2 subset of TNBCs. Stable knockdown of Annexin A1 attenuated the growth of SUM149 xenografts, which model basal-like 2 tumors. In a polyoma middle T antigen-driven allograft model of breast cancer, Annexin A1 depletion markedly delayed tumor formation, induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition and upregulated basal markers. Finally, loss of Annexin A1 resulted in the loss of a discrete CD24+/Sca1− population containing putative tumor-initiating cells. Collectively, our data demonstrate a novel cell-autonomous role for Annexin A1 in the promotion of tumor-forming capacity in certain TNBC tumors. Abstract Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has a poor outcome compared to other breast cancer subtypes, and new therapies that target the molecular alterations driving tumor progression are needed. Annexin A1 is an abundant multi-functional Ca2+ binding and membrane-associated protein. Reported roles of Annexin A1 in breast cancer progression and metastasis are contradictory. Here, we sought to clarify the functions of Annexin A1 in the development and progression of TNBC. The association of Annexin A1 expression with patient prognosis in subtypes of TNBC was examined. Annexin A1 was stably knocked down in a panel of human and murine TNBC cell lines with high endogenous Annexin A1 expression that were then evaluated for orthotopic growth and spontaneous metastasis in vivo and for alterations in cell morphology in vitro. The impact of Annexin A1 knockdown on the expression of genes involved in mammary epithelial cell differentia tion and epithelial to mesenchymal transition was also determined. Annexin A1 mRNA levels correlated with poor patient prognosis in basal-like breast tumors and also in the basal-like 2 subset of TNBCs. Unexpectedly, loss of Annexin A1 expression had no effect on either primary tumor growth or spontaneous metastasis of MDA-MB-231_HM xenografts, but abrogated the growth rate of SUM149 orthotopic tumors. In an MMTV-PyMT driven allograft model of breast cancer, Annexin A1 depletion markedly delayed tumor formation in both immuno-competent and immuno-deficient mice and induced epithelial to mesenchymal transition and upregulation of basal markers. Finally, loss of Annexin A1 resulted in the loss of a discrete CD24+/Sca1− population containing putative tumor initiating cells. Collectively, our data demonstrate a novel cell-autonomous role for Annexin A1 in the promotion of tumor-forming capacity in a model of human breast cancer and suggest that some basal-like TNBCs may require high endogenous tumor cell Annexin A1 expression for continued growth.
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12
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Li Y, Deng J, Han Z, Liu C, Tian F, Xu R, Han D, Zhang S, Sun J. Molecular Identification of Tumor-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Using Thermophoresis-Mediated DNA Computation. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1290-1295. [PMID: 33455159 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Molecular profiling of tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (tEVs) holds great promise for non-invasive cancer diagnosis. However, sensitive and accurate identification of tEVs is challenged by the heterogeneity of EV phenotypes which reflect different cell origins. Here we present a DNA computation device mediated by thermophoresis for detection of tEVs. The strategy leverages the aptamer-based logic gate using multiple protein biomarkers on single EVs as the input and thermophoretic accumulation to amplify the output signals for highly sensitive and specific profiling of tEVs. Employing this platform, we demonstrate a high accuracy of 97% for discrimination of breast cancer (BC) patients and healthy donors in a clinical cohort (n = 30). Furthermore, molecular phenotyping assessed by tEVs is in concordance with the results from tissue biopsy in BC patients. The thermophoresis-mediated molecular computation on EVs thus provides new opportunities for accurate detection and classification of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yike Li
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jinqi Deng
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ziwei Han
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao Liu
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Tian
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Da Han
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Shanghai Key Laboratory for Nucleic Acid Chemistry and Nanomedicine, State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, China
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Department of Breast Cancer, The Fifth Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Jiashu Sun
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for BioNanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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13
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de Faria Lainetti P, Brandi A, Leis Filho AF, Prado MCM, Kobayashi PE, Laufer-Amorim R, Fonseca-Alves CE. Establishment and Characterization of Canine Mammary Gland Carcinoma Cell Lines With Vasculogenic Mimicry Ability in vitro and in vivo. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:583874. [PMID: 33195606 PMCID: PMC7655132 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.583874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammary tumors affect intact and elderly female dogs, and almost 50% of these cases are malignant. Cell culture offers a promising preclinical model to study this disease and creates the opportunity to deposit cell lines at a cell bank to allow greater assay reproducibility and more reliable validation of the results. Another important aspect is the possibility of establishing models and improving our understanding of tumor characteristics, such as vasculogenic mimicry. Because of the importance of cancer cell lines in preclinical models, the present study established and characterized primary cell lines from canine mammary gland tumors. Cell cultures were evaluated for morphology, phenotype, vasculogenic mimicry (VM), and tumorigenicity abilities. We collected 17 primary mammary carcinoma and three metastases and obtained satisfactory results from 10 samples. The cells were transplanted to a xenograft model. All cell lines exhibited a spindle-shaped or polygonal morphology and expressed concomitant pancytokeratin and cytokeratin 8/18. Four cell lines had vasculogenic mimicry ability in vitro, and two cell lines showed in vivo tumorigenicity and VM in the xenotransplanted tumor. Cellular characterization will help create a database to increase our knowledge of mammary carcinomas in dogs, including studies of tumor behavior and the identification of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andressa Brandi
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | | | | | - Priscila Emiko Kobayashi
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Renée Laufer-Amorim
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil
| | - Carlos Eduardo Fonseca-Alves
- School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil.,Institute of Health Sciences, Universidade Paulista-UNIP, Bauru, Brazil
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14
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Bhatia S, Monkman J, Blick T, Duijf PH, Nagaraj SH, Thompson EW. Multi-Omics Characterization of the Spontaneous Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition in the PMC42 Breast Cancer Cell Lines. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8081253. [PMID: 31430931 PMCID: PMC6723942 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8081253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial–mesenchymal plasticity (EMP), encompassing epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal–epithelial transition (MET), are considered critical events for cancer metastasis. We investigated chromosomal heterogeneity and chromosomal instability (CIN) profiles of two sister PMC42 breast cancer (BC) cell lines to assess the relationship between their karyotypes and EMP phenotypic plasticity. Karyotyping by GTG banding and exome sequencing were aligned with SWATH quantitative proteomics and existing RNA-sequencing data from the two PMC42 cell lines; the mesenchymal, parental PMC42-ET cell line and the spontaneously epithelially shifted PMC42-LA daughter cell line. These morphologically distinct PMC42 cell lines were also compared with five other BC cell lines (MDA-MB-231, SUM-159, T47D, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-468) for their expression of EMP and cell surface markers, and stemness and metabolic profiles. The findings suggest that the epithelially shifted cell line has a significantly altered ploidy of chromosomes 3 and 13, which is reflected in their transcriptomic and proteomic expression profiles. Loss of the TGFβR2 gene from chromosome 3 in the epithelial daughter cell line inhibits its EMT induction by TGF-β stimulus. Thus, integrative ‘omics’ characterization established that the PMC42 system is a relevant MET model and provides insights into the regulation of phenotypic plasticity in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha Bhatia
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
| | - James Monkman
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Tony Blick
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Pascal Hg Duijf
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Shivashankar H Nagaraj
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia
| | - Erik W Thompson
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4059, Australia.
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia.
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15
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Siraj AK, Pratheeshkumar P, Parvathareddy SK, Divya SP, Al-Dayel F, Tulbah A, Ajarim D, Al-Kuraya KS. Overexpression of PARP is an independent prognostic marker for poor survival in Middle Eastern breast cancer and its inhibition can be enhanced with embelin co-treatment. Oncotarget 2018; 9:37319-37332. [PMID: 30647872 PMCID: PMC6324669 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with aggressive breast cancer (BC) subtypes usually don’t have favorable prognosis despite the improvement in treatment modalities. These cancers still remain a major cause of morbidity and mortality in females. This has fostered a major effort to discover actionable molecular targets to treat these patients. Poly ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) is one of these molecular targets that are under comprehensive investigation for treatment of such tumors. However, its role in the pathogenesis of BC from Middle Eastern ethnicity has not yet been explored. Therefore, we examined the expression of PARP protein in a large cohort of over 1000 Middle Eastern BC cases by immunohistochemistry. Correlation with clinico-pathological parameters were performed. Nuclear PARP overexpression was observed in 44.7% of all BC cases and was significantly associated with aggressive clinico-pathological markers. Interestingly, nuclear PARP overexpression was an independent predictor of poor prognosis. PARP overexpression was also directly associated with XIAP overexpression, with PARP and XIAP co-expression in 15.8% (159/1008) of our cases. We showed that combined inhibition of PARP by olaparib and XIAP by embelin significantly and synergistically inhibited cell growth and induced apoptosis in BC cell lines. Finally, co-treatment of olaparib and embelin regressed BC xenograft tumor growth in nude mice. Our results revealed the role of PARP in Middle Eastern BC pathogenesis and prognosis. Furthermore, our data support the potential clinical development of combined inhibition of PARP and XIAP, which eventually could extend the utility of olaparib beyond BRCA deficient cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Khalid Siraj
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Poyil Pratheeshkumar
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sasidharan Padmaja Divya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fouad Al-Dayel
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Tulbah
- Department of Pathology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dahish Ajarim
- Department of Oncology Centre, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khawla S Al-Kuraya
- Human Cancer Genomic Research, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Leung EY, Askarian-Amiri ME, Singleton DC, Ferraro-Peyret C, Joseph WR, Finlay GJ, Broom RJ, Kakadia PM, Bohlander SK, Marshall E, Baguley BC. Derivation of Breast Cancer Cell Lines Under Physiological (5%) Oxygen Concentrations. Front Oncol 2018; 8:425. [PMID: 30370249 PMCID: PMC6194255 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Most human breast cancer cell lines currently in use were developed and are cultured under ambient (21%) oxygen conditions. While this is convenient in practical terms, higher ambient oxygen could increase oxygen radical production, potentially modulating signaling pathways. We have derived and grown a series of four human breast cancer cell lines under 5% oxygen, and have compared their properties to those of established breast cancer lines growing under ambient oxygen. Methods: Cell lines were characterized in terms of appearance, cellular DNA content, mutation spectrum, hormone receptor status, pathway utilization and drug sensitivity. Results: Three of the four lines (NZBR1, NZBR2, and NZBR4) were triple negative (ER-, PR-, HER2-), with NZBR1 also over-expressing EGFR. NZBR3 was HER2+ and ER+ and also over-expressed EGFR. Cell lines grown in 5% oxygen showed increased expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) target gene carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) and decreased levels of ROS. As determined by protein phosphorylation, NZBR1 showed low AKT pathway utilization while NZBR2 and NZBR4 showed low p70S6K and rpS6 pathway utilization. The lines were characterized for sensitivity to 7-hydroxytamoxifen, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, the PI3K inhibitor BEZ235 and the HER inhibitors lapatinib, afatinib, dacomitinib, and ARRY-380. In some cases they were compared to established breast cancer lines. Of particular note was the high sensitivity of NZBR3 to HER inhibitors. The spectrum of mutations in the NZBR lines was generally similar to that found in commonly used breast cancer cell lines but TP53 mutations were absent and mutations in EVI2B, LRP1B, and PMS2, which have not been reported in other breast cancer lines, were detected. The results suggest that the properties of cell lines developed under low oxygen conditions (5% O2) are similar to those of commonly used breast cancer cell lines. Although reduced ROS production and increased HIF-1 activity under 5% oxygen can potentially influence experimental outcomes, no difference in sensitivity to estrogen or doxorubicin was observed between cell lines cultured in 5 vs. 21% oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Euphemia Y Leung
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Marjan E Askarian-Amiri
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Dean C Singleton
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Carole Ferraro-Peyret
- Univ Lyon, Claude Bernard University, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, INSERM 1052, CNRS5286, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lyon, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Molecular Biology of Tumors, GHE Hospital, Bron, France
| | - Wayne R Joseph
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Graeme J Finlay
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Reuben J Broom
- Auckland City Hospital-Oncology, Grafton, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Purvi M Kakadia
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stefan K Bohlander
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Pathology, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Elaine Marshall
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Bruce C Baguley
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Johnson J, Bessette DC, Saunus JM, Smart CE, Song S, Johnston RL, Cocciardi S, Rozali EN, Johnstone CN, Vargas AC, Kazakoff SH, BioBank VC, Khanna KK, Lakhani SR, Chenevix-Trench G, Simpson PT, Nones K, Waddell N, Al-Ejeh F. Characterization of a novel breast cancer cell line derived from a metastatic bone lesion of a breast cancer patient. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018; 170:179-188. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-4719-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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