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Simon Machado R, Mathias K, Joaquim L, de Quadros RW, Rezin GT, Petronilho F. Hyperoxia and brain: the link between necessity and injury from a molecular perspective. Neurotox Res 2024; 42:25. [PMID: 38619632 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-024-00702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) supplementation is commonly used to treat hypoxia in patients with respiratory failure. However, indiscriminate use can lead to hyperoxia, a condition detrimental to living tissues, particularly the brain. The brain is sensitive to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation caused by high concentrations of O2, which can result in brain damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, common features of neurodegenerative disorders. Hyperoxia leads to increased production of ROS, causing oxidative stress, an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, which can damage tissues. The brain is particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress due to its lipid composition, high O2 consumption rate, and low levels of antioxidant enzymes. Moreover, hyperoxia can cause vasoconstriction and decreased O2 supply to the brain, posing a challenge to redox balance and neurodegenerative processes. Studies have shown that the severity of hyperoxia-induced brain damage varies with inspired O2 concentration and duration of exposure. Therefore, careful evaluation of the balance between benefits and risks of O2 supplementation, especially in clinical settings, is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Simon Machado
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil.
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciuma, SC, Brazil
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Tenfen L, Simon Machado R, Mathias K, Piacentini N, Joaquim L, Bonfante S, Danielski LG, Engel NA, da Silva MR, Rezin GT, de Quadros RW, Gava FF, Petronilho F. Short-term hyperoxia induced mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes dysfunction and oxidative stress in lung of rats. Inhal Toxicol 2024; 36:174-188. [PMID: 38449063 DOI: 10.1080/08958378.2024.2322497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxygen therapy is an alternative for many patients with hypoxemia. However, this practice can be dangerous as oxygen is closely associated with the development of oxidative stress. METHODS Male Wistar rats were exposed to hyperoxia with a 40% fraction of inspired oxygen (FIO2) and hyperoxia (FIO2 = 60%) for 120 min. Blood and lung tissue samples were collected for gas, oxidative stress, and inflammatory analyses. RESULTS Hyperoxia (FIO2 = 60%) increased PaCO2 and PaO2, decreased blood pH and caused thrombocytopenia and lymphocytosis. In lung tissue, neutrophil infiltration, nitric oxide concentration, carbonyl protein formation and the activity of complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain increased. FIO2 = 60% decreased SOD activity and caused several histologic changes. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we have experimentally demonstrated that short-term exposure to high FIO2 can cause oxidative stress in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Tenfen
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Richard Simon Machado
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Khiany Mathias
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Natalia Piacentini
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Sandra Bonfante
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Lucineia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariella Reinol da Silva
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | | | - Fernanda Frederico Gava
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Experimental Neurology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, Brazil
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Kim T, Jin Y, Cho J, Kim D. Impact of Exercise Training on Survival Rate and Neural Cell Death in Sepsis Through the Maintenance of Redox Equilibrium. Int Neurourol J 2024; 28:22-32. [PMID: 38569617 PMCID: PMC10990757 DOI: 10.5213/inj.2448044.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Sepsis-related deaths occur during both the early proinflammatory and the late immunosuppressive phases of the condition. The balance of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses is influenced by damaged cells that die via either proinflammatory necroptosis or anti-inflammatory apoptosis. Both forms of cell death may be mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during the proinflammatory response. Recent evidence suggests that exercise training boosts antioxidative capacity and could offer protection against sepsis. Given these findings, we aimed to examine the impact of exercise training on neural cell death in the context of sepsis. METHODS We assessed the effectiveness of exercise in reducing ROS production and the inflammatory response using a cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis model. Forty C57BL/6N male mice were randomly divided into 2 groups: control (CLP-Con; n=20) and experimental (CLP-Ex; n=20). Before the induction of sepsis by CLP, the CLP-Ex mice underwent interval training on a treadmill 3 days per week for 8 weeks. Each day involved 10 cycles of 2 minutes at 8 m/min and 2 minutes at 15 m/min. After the CLP procedure, we monitored the survival of 10 mice from each group over a 30-hour period. RESULTS The findings indicated that exercise training increased the survival rate among mice with CLP-induced sepsis by enhancing antioxidative capacity and delaying the transition from a hyperdynamic to an immunosuppressive state. CONCLUSION Exercise training may delay the progression from the hyperdynamic state to the hypodynamic phase of sepsis by increasing antioxidant capacity and reducing apoptotic cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taewan Kim
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Youngyun Jin
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jinkyung Cho
- College of Sport Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Department of Sports and Health Science, Hanbat National University, Daejeon, Korea
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Lee DW, Kwon JI, Heo H, Woo CW, Yu NH, Kim KW, Woo DC. Cerebral Glutamate Alterations Using Chemical Exchange Saturation Transfer Imaging in a Rat Model of Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Sepsis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13050636. [PMID: 37233677 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13050636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate-weighted chemical exchange saturation transfer (GluCEST) is a useful imaging tool to detect glutamate signal alterations caused by neuroinflammation. This study aimed to visualize and quantitatively evaluate hippocampal glutamate alterations in a rat model of sepsis-induced brain injury using GluCEST and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Twenty-one Sprague Dawley rats were divided into three groups (sepsis-induced groups (SEP05, n = 7 and SEP10, n = 7) and controls (n = 7)). Sepsis was induced through a single intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at a dose of 5 mg/kg (SEP05) or 10 mg/kg (SEP10). GluCEST values and 1H-MRS concentrations in the hippocampal region were quantified using conventional magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry and a water scaling method, respectively. In addition, we examined immunohistochemical and immunofluorescence staining to observe the immune response and activity in the hippocampal region after LPS exposure. The GluCEST and 1H-MRS results showed that GluCEST values and glutamate concentrations were significantly higher in sepsis-induced rats than those in controls as the LPS dose increased. GluCEST imaging may be a helpful technique for defining biomarkers to estimate glutamate-related metabolism in sepsis-associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Do-Wan Lee
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Im Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Nonclinical Research Center, QuBEST BIO Inc., Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17015, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwon Heo
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Woong Woo
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hee Yu
- Nonclinical Research Center, QuBEST BIO Inc., Giheung-gu, Yongin-si 17015, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Convergence Medicine Research Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Gomes SV, Dias BV, Júnior PAM, Pereira RR, de Souza DMS, Breguez GS, de Lima WG, Magalhães CLDB, Cangussú SD, Talvani A, Queiroz KB, Calsavara AJC, Costa DC. High-fat diet increases mortality and intensifies immunometabolic changes in septic mice. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 116:109315. [PMID: 36921735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Immunometabolic changes in the liver and white adipose tissue (WAT) caused by high-fat (HF) diet intake may worse metabolic adaptation and protection against pathogens in sepsis. We investigate the effect of chronic HF diet (15 weeks) on mortality and immunometabolic responses in female mice after sepsis induced by cecum ligation and perforation (CLP). At week 14, animals were divided into four groups: sham C diet (C-Sh), sepsis C diet (C-Sp), sham HF diet (HF-Sh) and sepsis HF diet (HF-Sp). The surviving animals were euthanised on the 7th day. The HF diet decreased survival rate (58.3% vs 76.2% C-Sp group), increased serum cytokine storm (IL-6 (1.41 ×; vs HF-Sh), IL-1β (1.37 ×; vs C-Sp), TNF (1.34 ×; vs C-Sp and 1.72 ×; vs HF-Sh), IL-17 (1.44 ×; vs HF-Sh), IL-10 (1.55 ×; vs C-Sp and 1.41 ×; HF-Sh), WAT inflammation (IL-6 (8.7 ×; vs C-Sp and 2.4 ×; vs HF-Sh), TNF (5 ×; vs C-Sp and 1.7 ×;vs HF-Sh), IL-17 (1.7 ×; vs C-Sp), IL-10 (7.4 ×; vs C-Sp and 1.3 ×; vs HF-Sh), and modulated lipid metabolism in septic mice. In the HF-Sp group liver's, we observed hepatomegaly, hydropic degeneration, necrosis, an increase in oxidative stress (reduction of CAT activity (-81.7%; vs HF-Sh); increase MDA levels (82.8%; vs HF-Sh), and hepatic IL-6 (1.9 ×; vs HF-Sh), and TNF (1.3 × %;vs HF-Sh) production. Furthermore, we found a decrease in the total number of inflammatory, mononuclear cells, and in the regenerative processes, and binucleated hepatocytes in a HF-Sp group liver's. Our results suggested that the organism under metabolic stress of a HF diet during sepsis may worsen the inflammatory landscape and hepatocellular injury and may harm the liver regenerative process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sttefany Viana Gomes
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Bruna Vidal Dias
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Pedro Alves Machado Júnior
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Renata Rebeca Pereira
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Débora Maria Soares de Souza
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Silveira Breguez
- Multiuser Research Laboratory, School of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wanderson Geraldo de Lima
- Morphopathology Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cintia Lopes de Brito Magalhães
- Laboratory of Biology and Technology of Microorganisms (LBTM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Silvia Dantas Cangussú
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology (LAFEx), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Talvani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology of Inflammation, Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Karina Barbosa Queiroz
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition (LABNEx), Department of Food, Postgraduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Allan Jefferson Cruz Calsavara
- Laboratory of Cognition and Health (LACOS), School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric and Adult Clinics (DECPA), Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniela Caldeira Costa
- Laboratory of Metabolic Biochemistry (LBM), Department of Biological Sciences (DECBI), Graduate Program in Health and Nutrition, Graduate Program in Biological Sciences, Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP), Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Córneo E, Michels M, Abatti M, Vieira A, Gonçalves RC, Gabriel FF, Borges H, Goulart A, da Silva Matos N, Dominguini D, Varela R, Valvassori S, Dal-Pizzol F. Enriched environment causes epigenetic changes in hippocampus and improves long-term cognitive function in sepsis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11529. [PMID: 35798809 PMCID: PMC9262921 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14660-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by an inappropriate host response to infection. The presence of oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators in sepsis leads to dysregulated gene expression, leading to a hyperinflammatory response. Environmental conditions play an important role in various pathologies depending on the stimulus it presents. A standard environment condition (SE) may offer reduced sensory and cognitive stimulation, but an enriched environment improves spatial learning, prevents cognitive deficits induced by disease stress, and is an important modulator of epigenetic enzymes. The study evaluated the epigenetic alterations and the effects of the environmental enrichment (EE) protocol in the brain of animals submitted to sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). Male Wistar rats were divided into sham and CLP at 24 h, 72 h, 10 days and 30 days after sepsis. Other male Wistar rats were distributed in a SE or in EE for forty-five days. Behavioral tests, analysis of epigenetic enzymes:histone acetylase (HAT), histone deacetylase (HDAC) and DNA methyltransferase (DNMT), biochemical and synaptic plasticity analyzes were performed. An increase in HDAC and DNMT activities was observed at 72 h, 10 days and 30 days. There was a positive correlation between epigenetic enzymes DNMT and HDAC 24 h, 10 days and 30 days. After EE, HDAC and DNMT enzyme activity decreased, cognitive impairment was reversed, IL1-β levels decreased and there was an increase in PSD-95 levels in the hippocampus. Interventions in environmental conditions can modulate the outcomes of long-term cognitive consequences associated with sepsis, supporting the idea of the potential benefits of EE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Córneo
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil.
| | - Monique Michels
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Mariane Abatti
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Andriele Vieira
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Renata Casagrande Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Filipe Fernandes Gabriel
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Heloisa Borges
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Amanda Goulart
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Natan da Silva Matos
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Diogo Dominguini
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
| | - Roger Varela
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Samira Valvassori
- Translational Psychiatry Laboratory, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNESC), Av. Universitária, 1105, Criciúma, SC, 88806000, Brazil
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de Souza Stork S, Hübner M, Biehl E, Danielski LG, Bonfante S, Joaquim L, Denicol T, Cidreira T, Pacheco A, Bagio E, Lanzzarin E, Bernades G, de Oliveira MP, da Silva LE, Mack JM, Bobinski F, Rezin GT, Barichello T, Streck EL, Petronilho F. Diabetes Exacerbates Sepsis-Induced Neuroinflammation and Brain Mitochondrial Dysfunction. Inflammation 2022. [PMID: 35689164 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-022-01697-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening organ dysfunction, which demands notable attention for its treatment, especially in view of the involvement of immunodepressed patients, as the case of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), who constitute a population susceptible to develop infections. Thus, considering this endocrine pathology as an implicatory role on the immune system, the aim of this study was to show the relationship between this disease and sepsis on neuroinflammatory and neurochemical parameters. Levels of IL-6, IL-10, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), nerve growth factor (NGF), and mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes were evaluated in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex 24 h after sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) in Wistar rats induced to type 1 diabetes by alloxan (150 mg/kg). It was verified that diabetes implied immune function after 24 h of sepsis, since it contributed to the increase of the inflammatory process with higher production of IL-6 and decreased levels of IL-10 only in the hippocampus. In the same brain area, a several decrease in NGF level and activity of complexes I and II of the mitochondrial respiratory chain were observed. Thus, diabetes exacerbates neuroinflammation and results in mitochondrial impairment and downregulation of NGF level in the hippocampus after sepsis.
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Mehdi SF, Pusapati S, Khenhrani RR, Farooqi MS, Sarwar S, Alnasarat A, Mathur N, Metz CN, LeRoith D, Tracey KJ, Yang H, Brownstein MJ, Roth J. Oxytocin and Related Peptide Hormones: Candidate Anti-Inflammatory Therapy in Early Stages of Sepsis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:864007. [PMID: 35572539 PMCID: PMC9102389 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.864007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a potentially life-threatening systemic inflammatory syndrome characterized by dysregulated host immunological responses to infection. Uncontrolled immune cell activation and exponential elevation in circulating cytokines can lead to sepsis, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. Sepsis is associated with high re-hospitalization and recovery may be incomplete, with long term sequelae including post-sepsis syndrome. Consequently, sepsis continues to be a leading cause of morbidity and mortality across the world. In our recent review of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), we noted that its major properties including promotion of fertility, parturition, and lactation were described over a century ago. By contrast, the anti-inflammatory properties of this hormone have been recognized only more recently. Vasopressin, a hormone best known for its anti-diuretic effect, also has anti-inflammatory actions. Surprisingly, vasopressin's close cousin, oxytocin, has broader and more potent anti-inflammatory effects than vasopressin and a larger number of pre-clinical studies supporting its potential role in limiting sepsis-associated organ damage. This review explores possible links between oxytocin and related octapeptide hormones and sepsis-related modulation of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Faizan Mehdi
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Suma Pusapati
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Raja Ram Khenhrani
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Muhammad Saad Farooqi
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Sobia Sarwar
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Ahmad Alnasarat
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Nimisha Mathur
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Christine Noel Metz
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Bone Disease, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kevin J. Tracey
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | - Huan Yang
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
| | | | - Jesse Roth
- The Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research/Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Jesse Roth,
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Bonfante S, Joaquim L, Fileti ME, Giustina AD, de Souza Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Cittadin E, De Carli RJ, de Farias BX, Engel NA, da Rosa N, Fortunato JJ, Giridharan V, Scaini G, Rezin GT, Generoso J, de Bitencourt RM, Terra S, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Stanniocalcin 1 Inhibits the Inflammatory Response in Microglia and Protects Against Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Neurotox Res 2021; 39:119-132. [PMID: 33025358 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00293-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy is a serious consequence of sepsis, triggered by the host response against an infectious agent, that can lead to brain damage and cognitive impairment. Several mechanisms have been proposed in this bidirectional communication between the immune system and the brain after sepsis as neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Stanniocalcin-1 (STC-1), an endogen neuroprotective protein, acts as an anti-inflammatory and suppresses superoxide generation through induction of uncoupling proteins (UCPs) in the mitochondria. Here, we demonstrated a protective role of STC-1 on inflammatory responses in vitro, in activated microglia stimulated with LPS, and on neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in the hippocampus of rats subjected to an animal model of sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), as well the consequences on long-term memory. Recombinant human STC-1 (rhSTC1) suppressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine production in LPS-stimulated microglia without changing the UCP-2 expression. Besides, rhSTC1 injected into the cisterna magna decreased acute hippocampal inflammation and oxidative stress and increased the activity of complex I and II activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain and creatine kinase at 24 h after sepsis. rhSTC1 was effective in preventing long-term cognitive impairment after CLP. In conclusion, rhSTC1 confers significant neuroprotection by inhibiting the inflammatory response in microglia and protecting against sepsis-associated encephalopathy in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda Fileti
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucinéia Gainski Danielski
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Evandro Cittadin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Raquel Jaconi De Carli
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Bianca Xavier de Farias
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Naiana da Rosa
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jucélia Jeremias Fortunato
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Vijayasree Giridharan
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Giselli Scaini
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Generoso
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Rafael Mariano de Bitencourt
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Terra
- Graduate Program: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Translational Psychiatry Program, Faillace Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, 77054, USA
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes (NEUROIMet), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
- Laboratório de Neurobiologia de Processos Inflamatórios e Metabólicos (NEUROIMet), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina, Tubarão, SC, Brazil.
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10
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da Costa LHA, Santos-Junior NN, Catalão CHR, Rocha MJA. Microglial Activation Modulates Neuroendocrine Secretion During Experimental Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2021; 58:2133-2144. [PMID: 33415683 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02241-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Sepsis promotes an inflammatory state in the central nervous system (CNS) that may cause autonomic, cognitive, and endocrine changes. Microglia, a resident immune cell of the CNS, is activated in several brain regions during sepsis, suggesting its participation in the central alterations observed in this disease. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of microglial activation in the neuroendocrine system functions during systemic inflammation. Wistar rats received an intracerebroventricular injection of the microglial activation inhibitor minocycline (100 μg/animal), shortly before sepsis induction by cecal ligation and puncture. At 6 and 24 h after surgery, hormonal parameters, central and peripheral inflammation, and markers of apoptosis and synaptic function in the hypothalamus were analyzed. The administration of minocycline decreased the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of cell death markers, especially in the late phase of sepsis (24 h). With respect to the endocrine parameters, microglial inhibition caused a decrease in oxytocin and an increase in corticosterone and vasopressin plasma levels in the early phase of sepsis (6 h), while in the late phase, we observed decreased oxytocin and increased ACTH and corticosterone levels compared to septic animals that did not receive minocycline. Prolactin levels were not affected by minocycline administration. The results indicate that microglial activation differentially modulates the secretion of several hormones and that this process is associated with inflammatory mediators produced both centrally and peripherally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Henrique Angenendt da Costa
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Nilton Nascimento Santos-Junior
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Henrique Rocha Catalão
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil
| | - Maria José Alves Rocha
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14049-900, Brazil. .,Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, 14040-904, Brazil. .,Departamento de Biologia Básica e Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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11
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Zhang L, Zhang X, Wu T, Pan X, Wang Z. Isoflurane reduces septic neuron injury by HO‑1‑mediated abatement of inflammation and apoptosis. Mol Med Rep 2020; 23:155. [PMID: 33355378 PMCID: PMC7789092 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) frequently occurs in critically ill patients with severe systemic infections. Subanesthetic isoflurane (0.7% ISO) possesses anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties against a number of human diseases, including brain injury. The activation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) impedes inflammation, oxidation and apoptosis, thus alleviating sepsis-induced brain damage. However, whether 0.7% ISO affords protection against septic neuronal injury involving HO-1 activation is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of 0.7% ISO and its potential underlying mechanisms in SAE using a mouse model established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The results indicated that the expression and activity of HO-1 in the mouse hippocampus were increased by CLP, and further enhanced by ISO. ISO reduced the death rate, brain water content and blood-brain barrier disruption, but improved the learning and memory functions of CLP-treated mice. ISO significantly decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the levels of oxidative indictors in the serum and hippocampus, as well as the number of apoptotic neurons and the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus. Inversely, anti-inflammatory factors, antioxidative enzymes and anti-apoptotic proteins were markedly increased by ISO administration. However, the neuroprotective effects of ISO were abolished by a HO-1 inhibitor. Overall, these findings suggested that 0.7% ISO alleviated SAE via its anti-inflammatory, antioxidative and anti-apoptotic properties, which involved the activated form of HO-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xuece Zhang
- Digestive Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Xu Pan
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China
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12
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Shi J, Wang W, Sang G, Xi H, Sun Y, Lu C, Ye H, Huang L. Short Term Usage of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in the Neonatal Rat Hippocampal Tissue. Front Nutr 2020; 7:572363. [PMID: 33282898 PMCID: PMC7705230 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.572363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in neonatal rat brain. Methods: Ninety-six 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control (saline/saline), LPS/ω-3, LPS/ω-6, and LPS/saline (n = 24/group). All rats, except those in the control group, were intraperitoneally challenged once with LPS (0.6 mg/kg) and were treated with ω-3 PUFAs, ω-6 PUFAs, or saline at 15 mL/kg for 1 or 5 consecutive days beginning on the day of LPS-challenge. Rats in the control group underwent the same procedures and received saline (vehicle). After 1 or 5 days of treatment, 12 rats from each group were sacrificed and their hippocampuses were collected. The expression of inflammation-related genes as well as the levels of oxidative stress markers in hippocampal tissues were determined. Results: After 1 or 5 days of treatment, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and multiple proinflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in the LPS/ω-3 group compared with those in the LPS/saline group. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione (GSH) were significantly elevated, whereas amounts of malondialdehyde and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the ratio of GSSG/GSH were remarkably lowered in the LPS/ω-3 group compared with those in the LPS/saline group after 1 day of treatment. Opposite effects were observed in the LPS/ω-6 group. Conclusion: ω-3 PUFAs may protect rat brain tissue against LPS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jipeng Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Guimei Sang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Huifang Xi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Yazhou Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Chaosheng Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hezhen Ye
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
| | - Limi Huang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang, Wenzhou, China
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13
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Florentino D, Della Giustina A, de Souza Goldim MP, Danielski LG, de Oliveira Junior AN, Joaquim L, Bonfante S, Biehl E, da Rosa N, Fernandes D, Gava FF, Michels M, Fortunato JJ, Réus GZ, S Valvassori S, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Early life neuroimmune challenge protects the brain after sepsis in adult rats. Neurochem Int 2020; 135:104712. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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14
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Petronilho F, Tenfen L, Della Giustina A, Joaquim L, Novochadlo M, de Oliveira Junior AN, Bagio E, Goldim MPDS, de Carli RJ, Bonfante SRSDA, Metzker KLL, Muttini S, Dos Santos TM, de Oliveira MP, Engel NA, Rezin GT, Kanis LA, Barichello T. Gold nanoparticles potentiates N-acetylcysteine effects on neurochemicals alterations in rats after polymicrobial sepsis. J Drug Target 2019; 28:428-436. [PMID: 31594390 DOI: 10.1080/1061186x.2019.1678168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we report the effect of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) and n-acetylcysteine (NAC) isolated or in association as important anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds on brain dysfunction in septic rats. Male Wistar rats after sham operation or caecal ligation and perforation (CLP) were treated with subcutaneously injection of AuNP (50 mg/kg) and/or NAC (20 mg/kg) or saline immediately and 12 h after surgery. Twenty-four hours after CLP, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex were obtained and assayed for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, cytokines, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyls formation, mitochondrial respiratory chain, and CK activity. AuNP + NAC association decreased MPO activity and pro-inflammatory cytokines production, being more effective than NAC or AuNP isolated treatment. AuNP + NAC association and NAC isolated treatment decreased oxidative stress to lipids in both brain structures, while protein oxidation decreased only in the hippocampus of AuNP + NAC association-treated animals. Complex I activity was increased with AuNP + NAC association and NAC isolated in the hippocampus. Regarding CK activity, AuNP and AuNP + NAC association increased this marker in both brain structures after CLP. Our data provide the first experimental demonstration that AuNP and NAC association was able to reduce sepsis-induced brain dysfunction in rats by decreasing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress parameters, mitochondrial dysfunction and CK activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Tenfen
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Amanda Della Giustina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Larissa Joaquim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Michele Novochadlo
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Aloir Neri de Oliveira Junior
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Erick Bagio
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pereira de Souza Goldim
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Raquel Jaconi de Carli
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Sandra Regina Santana de Aguiar Bonfante
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Kiuanne Lino Lobo Metzker
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Samara Muttini
- Group of Research in Pharmaceutical Technology TECFARMA, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Thayná Marinho Dos Santos
- Group of Research in Pharmaceutical Technology TECFARMA, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Mariana Pacheco de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Nicole Alessandra Engel
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Gislaine Tezza Rezin
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Inflammatory and Metabolic Processes, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Kanis
- Group of Research in Pharmaceutical Technology TECFARMA, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of South Santa Catarina, Tubarão, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Pathophysiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Brazil.,Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.,Translational Psychiatry Program, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Rodrigues JF, Joaquim L, Garbossa L, de Oliveira Junior AN, Metzker KLL, Giustina AD, Cardoso T, Barichello T, Petronilho F. Oxidative stress in the choroid plexus contributes to blood–cerebrospinal fluid barrier disruption during sepsis development. Microvasc Res 2019; 123:19-24. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Revised: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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16
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Zrzavy T, Höftberger R, Berger T, Rauschka H, Butovsky O, Weiner H, Lassmann H. Pro-inflammatory activation of microglia in the brain of patients with sepsis. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2018; 45:278-290. [PMID: 29804289 PMCID: PMC6487964 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Aims Experimental data suggest that systemic immune activation may create a pro‐inflammatory environment with microglia activation in the central nervous system in the absence of overt inflammation, which in turn may be deleterious in conditions of neurodegenerative disease. The extent to which this is relevant for the human brain is unknown. The central aim of this study is to provide an in‐depth characterization of the microglia and macrophage response to systemic inflammation. Methods We used recently described markers to characterize the origin and functional states of microglia/macrophages in white and grey matter in patients who died under septic conditions and compared it to those patients without systemic inflammation. Results We found pro‐inflammatory microglia activation in septic patients in the white matter, with very little activation in the grey matter. Using a specific marker for resident microglia (TMEM119), we found that parenchyma microglia were activated and that there was additional recruitment of perivascular macrophages. Pro‐inflammatory microglia activation occurred in the presence of homeostatic microglia cells. In contrast to inflammatory or ischaemic diseases of the brain, the anti‐inflammatory microglia markers CD163 or CD206 were not expressed in acute sepsis. Furthermore, we found pronounced upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase not only in microglia, but also in astrocytes and endothelial cells. Conclusion Our results demonstrate the pronounced effects of systemic inflammation on the human brain and have important implications for the selection of control populations for studies on microglia activation in human brain disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zrzavy
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Höftberger
- Clinical Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - T Berger
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Vienna, Austria
| | - H Rauschka
- Department of Neurology, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Ost-Donauspital, Vienna, Austria.,Karl Landsteiner Institut für neuroimmunologische und neurodegenerative Erkrankungen, Donauspital Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - O Butovsky
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Weiner
- Ann Romney Center for Neurological Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Evergrande Center for Immunologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - H Lassmann
- Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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17
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Catarina AV, Luft C, Greggio S, Venturin GT, Ferreira F, Marques EP, Rodrigues L, Wartchow K, Leite MC, Gonçalves CA, Wyse ATS, Da Costa JC, De Oliveira JR, Branchini G, Nunes FB. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate preserves glucose metabolism integrity and reduces reactive oxygen species in the brain during experimental sepsis. Brain Res 2018; 1698:54-61. [PMID: 29932894 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2018.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is one of the main causes of hospitalization and mortality in Intensive Care Units. One of the first manifestations of sepsis is encephalopathy, reported in up to 70% of patients, being associated with higher mortality and morbidity. The factors that cause sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) are still not well known, and may be multifactorial, as perfusion changes, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and glycolytic metabolism alterations. Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), a metabolite of the glycolytic route, has been reported as neuroprotective agent. The present study used an experimental sepsis model in C57BL/6 mice. We used in vivo brain imaging to evaluate glycolytic metabolism through microPET scans and the radiopharmaceutical 18F-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (18F-FDG). Brain images were obtained before and 12 h after the induction of sepsis in animals with and without FBP treatment. We also evaluated the treatment effects in the brain oxidative stress by measuring the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), the activity of catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the levels of fluorescent marker 2'7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF). There was a significant decrease in brain glucose metabolism due to experimental sepsis. A significant protective effect of FBP treatment was observed in the cerebral metabolic outcomes. FBP also modulated the production of ROS, evidenced by reduced CAT activity and lower levels of DCF. Our results suggest that FBP may be a possible candidate in the treatment of SAE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anderson V Catarina
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Luft
- Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Samuel Greggio
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gianina T Venturin
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Ferreira
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduardo P Marques
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Letícia Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Krista Wartchow
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marina C Leite
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carlos A Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Proteínas Ligante de Cálcio do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratório de Neuroproteção e Doenças Neurometabólicas, Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jaderson C Da Costa
- Centro de Pesquisa Pré-Clínica, Instituto do Cérebro do Rio Grande do Sul - Brain Institute (BraIns), Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jarbas R De Oliveira
- Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Gisele Branchini
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Fernanda B Nunes
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Patologia, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Laboratório de Biofísica Celular e Inflamação, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul - PUCRS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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18
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Thomas K, Moody TW, Jensen RT, Tong J, Rayner CL, Barnett NL, Fairfull-Smith KE, Ridnour LA, Wink DA, Bottle SE. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of hybrid nitroxide-based non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 147:34-47. [PMID: 29421569 PMCID: PMC8202972 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Dual-acting hybrid anti-oxidant/anti-inflammatory agents were developed employing the principle of pharmacophore hybridization. Hybrid agents were synthesized by combining stable anti-oxidant nitroxides with conventional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Several of the hybrid nitroxide-NSAID conjugates displayed promising anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on two Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) cells (A549 and NCI-H1299) and in ameliorating oxidative stress induced in 661 W retinal cells. One ester-linked nitroxide-aspirin analogue (27) delivered better anti-inflammatory effects (cyclooxygenase inhibition) than the parent compound (aspirin), and also showed similar reactive oxygen scavenging activity to the anti-oxidant, Tempol. In addition, a nitroxide linked to the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin (39) significantly ameliorated the effects of oxidative stress on 661 W retinal neurons at efficacies greater or equal to the anti-oxidant Lutein. Other examples of the hybrid conjugates displayed promising anti-cancer activity, as demonstrated by their inhibitory effects on the proliferation of A549 NSCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komba Thomas
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Terry W Moody
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Jason Tong
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Cassie L Rayner
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nigel L Barnett
- Queensland Eye Institute, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; The University of Queensland, UQ Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kathryn E Fairfull-Smith
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Lisa A Ridnour
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - David A Wink
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Cancer and Inflammation Program, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | - Steven E Bottle
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, (QUT) GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia.
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19
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Berg RMG, Taudorf S, Bailey DM, Dahl RH, Lundby C, Møller K. Transcerebral net exchange of vasoactive peptides and catecholamines during lipopolysaccharide-induced systemic inflammation in healthy humans. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:313-316. [PMID: 28898586 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The systemic inflammatory response triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is associated with cerebral vasoconstriction, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. We therefore examined whether a 4-hour intravenous LPS infusion (0.3 ng·kg-1) induces any changes in the transcerebral net exchange of the vasoactive peptides endothelin-1 (ET-1) and calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP) and catecholamines in human volunteers. Cerebral blood flow was measured by the Kety-Schmidt technique, and paired arterial-to-jugular venous blood samples were obtained for estimating the transcerebral exchange of ET-1, CGRP, and catecholamines by the Fick principle in 12 volunteers before and after LPS infusion. The cerebrovascular release of ET-1 was enhanced, whereas the transcerebral net exchange of CGRP and catecholamines was unaffected. Our findings thus point towards locally produced ET-1 within the cerebrovasculature as a contributor to cerebral vasoconstriction after LPS infusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronan M G Berg
- a Centre of Inflammation & Metabolism, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,b Department of Clinical Physiology & Nuclear Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sarah Taudorf
- a Centre of Inflammation & Metabolism, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,c Department of Neurology 2082, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Damian M Bailey
- d Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Faculty of Life Sciences and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Rasmus H Dahl
- e Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Lundby
- f Zürich Center for Integrative Human Physiology (ZIHP), University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kirsten Møller
- a Centre of Inflammation & Metabolism, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.,e Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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Della Giustina A, Goldim MP, Danielski LG, Florentino D, Mathias K, Garbossa L, Oliveira Junior AN, Fileti ME, Zarbato GF, da Rosa N, Martins Laurentino AO, Fortunato JJ, Mina F, Bellettini-santos T, Budni J, Barichello T, Dal-pizzol F, Petronilho F. Alpha-lipoic acid attenuates acute neuroinflammation and long-term cognitive impairment after polymicrobial sepsis. Neurochem Int 2017; 108:436-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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21
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Danielski LG, Giustina AD, Badawy M, Barichello T, Quevedo J, Dal-pizzol F, Petronilho F. Brain Barrier Breakdown as a Cause and Consequence of Neuroinflammation in Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:1045-53. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0356-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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22
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Chen Y, Lei Y, Mo LQ, Li J, Wang MH, Wei JC, Zhou J. Electroacupuncture pretreatment with different waveforms prevents brain injury in rats subjected to cecal ligation and puncture via inhibiting microglial activation, and attenuating inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. Brain Res Bull 2016; 127:248-259. [PMID: 27771396 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Revised: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is associated with high morbidity and mortality. This study was to investigate the protective effects of electroacupuncture (EA) pretreatment with different waveforms on septic brain injury in rats and its mechanism. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were pretreated by EA with different waveforms (continuous wave, dilatational wave, or intermittent wave) at Baihui (GV20) and Tsusanli (ST36) acupoints for 30min, and underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) or sham operation. The results showed that EA pretreatment with different waveforms improved survival rate, attenuated encephaledema, brain injury, neuronal apoptosis and cognitive dysfunction, and preserved blood-brain barrier (BBB). EA pretreatment decreased the production of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interleukin(IL)-6, malondialdehyde (MDA), and increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) in serum and hippocampus at 48h after sham or CLP operation. Additionally, EA pretreatment downregulated the expressions of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1(Iba 1). The effect of dilatational wave was the most significant, followed by intermittent wave, and continuous wave was relatively poor. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that EA pretreatment with three waveforms alleviates sepsis-induced brain injury by inhibition of microglial activation and attenuation of inflammation, oxidative stress and apoptosis. These findings suggest that EA pretreatment with dilatational wave at Baihui and Tsusanli acupoints might be a promising therapeutic strategy for relieving septic brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Lei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Li-Qun Mo
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Mao-Hua Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Ji-Cheng Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, PR China.
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23
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Savio LEB, Andrade MGJ, de Andrade Mello P, Santana PT, Moreira-Souza ACA, Kolling J, Longoni A, Feldbrügge L, Wu Y, Wyse ATS, Robson SC, Coutinho-Silva R. P2X7 Receptor Signaling Contributes to Sepsis-Associated Brain Dysfunction. Mol Neurobiol 2016; 54:6459-6470. [PMID: 27730511 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0168-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis results in unfettered inflammation, tissue damage, and multiple organ failure. Diffuse brain dysfunction and neurological manifestations secondary to sepsis are termed sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Extracellular nucleotides, proinflammatory cytokines, and oxidative stress reactions are associated with delirium and brain injury, and might be linked to the pathophysiology of SAE. P2X7 receptor activation by extracellular ATP leads to maturation and release of IL-1β by immune cells, which stimulates the production of oxygen reactive species. Hence, we sought to investigate the role of purinergic signaling by P2X7 in a model of sepsis. We also determined how this process is regulated by the ectonucleotidase CD39, a scavenger of extracellular nucleotides. Wild type (WT), P2X7 receptor (P2X7-/-), or CD39 (CD39-/-) deficient mice underwent sham laparotomy or CLP induced by ligation and puncture of the cecum. We noted that genetic deletion of P2X7 receptor decreased markers of oxidative stress in murine brains 24 h after sepsis induction. The pharmacological inhibition or genetic ablation of the P2X7 receptor attenuated the IL-1β and IL-6 production in the brain from septic mice. Furthermore, our results suggest a crucial role for the enzyme CD39 in limiting P2X7 receptor proinflammatory responses since CD39-/- septic mice exhibited higher levels of IL-1β in the brain. We have also demonstrated that P2X7 receptor blockade diminished STAT3 activation in cerebral cortex and hippocampus from septic mice, indicating association of ATP-P2X7-STAT3 signaling axis in SAE during sepsis. Our findings suggest that P2X7 receptor might serve as a suitable therapeutic target to ameliorate brain damage in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz Eduardo Baggio Savio
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariana G Juste Andrade
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paola de Andrade Mello
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA.,Laboratory of Biochemical and Cytological Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Patrícia Teixeira Santana
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Janaína Kolling
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Aline Longoni
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Linda Feldbrügge
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela T S Wyse
- Laboratory of Neuroprotection and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Simon C Robson
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robson Coutinho-Silva
- Laboratory of Immunophysiology, Biophysics Institute Carlos Chagas Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. .,Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Edifício do Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Bloco G. Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
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24
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Bai XZ, He T, Gao JX, Liu Y, Liu JQ, Han SC, Li Y, Shi JH, Han JT, Tao K, Xie ST, Wang HT, Hu DH. Melatonin prevents acute kidney injury in severely burned rats via the activation of SIRT1. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32199. [PMID: 27599451 DOI: 10.1038/srep32199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after severe burns. Melatonin has been reported to protect against multiple organ injuries by increasing the expression of SIRT1, a silent information regulator that regulates stress responses, inflammation, cellular senescence and apoptosis. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of melatonin on renal tissues of burned rats and the role of SIRT1 involving the effects. Rat severely burned model was established, with or without the administration of melatonin and SIRT1 inhibitor. The renal function and histological manifestations were determined to evaluate the severity of kidney injury. The levels of acetylated-p53 (Ac-p53), acetylated-p65 (Ac-p65), NF-κB, acetylated-forkhead box O1 (Ac-FoxO1), Bcl-2 and Bax were analyzed to study the underlying mechanisms. Our results suggested that severe burns could induce acute kidney injury, which could be partially reversed by melatonin. Melatonin attenuated oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis accompanied by the increased expression of SIRT1. The protective effects of melatonin were abrogated by the inhibition of SIRT1. In conclusion, we demonstrate that melatonin improves severe burn-induced AKI via the activation of SIRT1 signaling.
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25
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Bratu LM, Rogobete AF, Sandesc D, Bedreag OH, Tanasescu S, Nitu R, Popovici SE, Crainiceanu ZP. The Use of Redox Expression and Associated Molecular Damage to Evaluate the Inflammatory Response in Critically Ill Patient with Severe Burn. Biochem Genet 2016; 54:753-768. [PMID: 27465592 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-016-9763-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The patient with severe burns always represents a challenge for the trauma team due to the severe biochemical and physiopathological disorders. Although there are many resuscitation protocols of severe burn patient, systemic inflammatory response, oxidative stress, decreased immune response, infections, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes are still secondary complications of trauma, present at maximum intensity in this type of patients. Currently there are numerous studies regarding the evaluation, monitoring, and minimizing the side effects induced by free radicals through antioxidant therapy. In this study, we want to introduce biochemical and physiological aspects of oxidative stress in patients with severe burns and to summarize the biomarkers used presently in the intensive care units. Systemic inflammations and infections are according to the literature the most important causes of death in these type of patients, being directly involved in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Melania Bratu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandru Florin Rogobete
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania. .,Clinic of Aneshtesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", Bd. Iosif Bulbuca nr.10, 300736, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Dorel Sandesc
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Clinic of Aneshtesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", Bd. Iosif Bulbuca nr.10, 300736, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Horea Bedreag
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania.,Clinic of Aneshtesia and Intensive Care, Emergency County Hospital "Pius Brinzeu", Bd. Iosif Bulbuca nr.10, 300736, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sonia Tanasescu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Razvan Nitu
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Sonia Elena Popovici
- Faculty of Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
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26
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Zhao L, An R, Yang Y, Yang X, Liu H, Yue L, Li X, Lin Y, Reiter RJ, Qu Y. Melatonin alleviates brain injury in mice subjected to cecal ligation and puncture via attenuating inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress: the role of SIRT1 signaling. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:230-9. [PMID: 26094939 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response to infection that causes severe neurological complications. Previous studies have suggested that melatonin is protective during sepsis. Additionally, silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) was reported to be beneficial in sepsis. However, the role of SIRT1 signaling in the protective effect of melatonin against septic encephalopathy remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the role of SIRT1 in the protective effect of melatonin. EX527, a SIRT1 inhibitor, was used to reveal the role of SIRT1 in melatonin's action. Cecal ligation and puncture or sham operation was performed in male C57BL/6J mice. Melatonin was administrated intraperitoneally (30 mg/kg). The survival rate of mice was recorded for the 7-day period following the sham or CLP operation. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, brain water content, levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMGB1), and the level of oxidative stress (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA)) and apoptosis were assessed. The expression of SIRT1, Ac-FoxO1, Ac-p53, Ac-NF-κB, Bcl-2, and Bax was detected by Western blot. The results suggested that melatonin improved survival rate, attenuated brain edema and neuronal apoptosis, and preserved BBB integrity. Melatonin decreased the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and HMGB1. Melatonin increased the activity of SOD and CAT and decreased the MDA production. Additionally, melatonin upregulated the expression of SIRT1 and Bcl-2 and downregulated the expression of Ac-FoxO1, Ac-p53, Ac-NF-κB, and Bax. However, the protective effects of melatonin were abolished by EX527. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that melatonin attenuates sepsis-induced brain injury via SIRT1 signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Rui An
- Department of Radiology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiangmin Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Haixiao Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Yue
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Lin
- Department of Scientific Research, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Russel J Reiter
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yan Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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27
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Wahab F, Santos-Junior NN, de Almeida Rodrigues RP, Costa LHA, Catalão CHR, Rocha MJA. Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Decreases Hypothalamic Oxidative Stress During Experimental Sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:3992-3998. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9338-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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28
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Alirezaei M, Khoshdel Z, Dezfoulian O, Rashidipour M, Taghadosi V. Beneficial antioxidant properties of betaine against oxidative stress mediated by levodopa/benserazide in the brain of rats. J Physiol Sci 2015; 65:243-52. [PMID: 25665954 PMCID: PMC10717468 DOI: 10.1007/s12576-015-0360-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The present study was designed to evaluate antioxidant effects of betaine in the brain following administration of levodopa and benserazide, which are routinely used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into levodopa (LD), Betaine (Bet.), levodopa plus betaine (LD/Bet.), levodopa plus benserazide (LD/Ben.), levodopa plus betaine-benserazide (LD/Bet.-Ben.) and control groups. The experimental groups received LD 300 mg/kg, Bet. 1.5 % w/w of the total diet, Ben. 75 mg/kg and distilled water to controls for 10 consecutive days, orally. The concentration of plasma total homocysteine significantly increased in LD/Ben.-treated rats when compared to the other groups. Brain glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and glutathione content both elevated with betaine treatment in LD/Bet. and LD/Bet.-Ben groups. Superoxide dismutase activity was also higher in controls and betaine-treated rats in comparison with LD and LD/Ben. groups. Likewise, catalase activity significantly increased in control and betaine groups when compared to LD- and LD/Ben.-treated rats. In contrast, brain lipid peroxidation significantly increased in response to LD and LD/Ben. TREATMENTS Regarding metabolism of LD in peripheral tissues, serumic dopamine concentration significantly increased in LD-treated rats in comparison with LD/Ben. group. The present results show beneficial antioxidant and methyl donor properties of betaine versus oxidative stress and hyperhomocysteinemia induced by levodopa and benserazide in an animal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Alirezaei
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, PO Box: 465, Khorram Abad, Iran,
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29
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Steckert AV, Comim CM, Igna DM, Dominguini D, Mendonça BP, Ornell F, Colpo GD, Gubert C, Kapczinski F, Barichello T, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Effects of sodium butyrate on aversive memory in rats submitted to sepsis. Neurosci Lett 2015; 595:134-8. [PMID: 25888815 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2015.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic mechanisms are involved in normal behavior and are implicated in several brain neurodegenerative conditions, psychiatric and inflammatory diseases as well. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that sepsis lead to an imbalance in acetylation of histones and that histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) can reverse this condition. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of a microinjection of sodium butyrate (SB, HDACi) into cerebral ventricle on aversive memory in rats submitted to the sepsis. Rats were given a single intraventricular injection of artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) or SB and immediately after the stereotaxic surgery and the drug infusion, the animals were subjected to cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). The animals were killed twenty four hours or ten days after sepsis induction and the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum and cortex were obtained to the determination of histone deacetylase activity. In a separate cohort of animals 10 days after sepsis induction, it was performed the inhibitory avoidance task. SB administration was able to reverse the impairment in aversive memory and inhibited the HDAC activity in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus 10 days after CLP. These support a role for an epigenetic mechanism in the long-term cognitive impairments observed in sepsis survivors animals.
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Liu L, Xie K, Chen H, Dong X, Li Y, Yu Y, Wang G, Yu Y. Inhalation of hydrogen gas attenuates brain injury in mice with cecal ligation and puncture via inhibiting neuroinflammation, oxidative stress and neuronal apoptosis. Brain Res 2014; 1589:78-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Vieira A, Michels M, Florentino D, Lauriano AA, Danielski LG, Fortunato JJ, Barichello T, Felipe DP, Quevedo J, Petronilho F. Increased on oxidative brain injury in the diabetic rats following sepsis. Synapse 2014; 68:410-8. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.21753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andriele Vieira
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Monique Michels
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Drielly Florentino
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - André Antunes Lauriano
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Lucineia Gainski Danielski
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Jucelia Jeremias Fortunato
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Tatiana Barichello
- Laboratory of Experimental Microbiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC); Criciúma Santa Catarina Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Texas
| | - Dal-Pizzol Felipe
- Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FISIOPAT, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul de Santa Catarina (UNESC); Criciuma Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Joao Quevedo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Texas
- Laboratory of Neurociences, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Extremo Sul de Santa Catarina (UNESC); Criciuma Santa Catarina Brazil
| | - Fabricia Petronilho
- Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL); Tubarão Santa Catarina Brazil
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences; Center for Experimental Models in Psychiatry, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston; Texas
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Silvestre F, Danielski LG, Michels M, Florentino D, Vieira A, Souza L, Cardoso LC, Schraiber R, Rezin GT, Vuolo F, da Rocha JB, Barichello T, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F, Petronilho F. Effects of organoselenium compounds on early and late brain biochemical alterations in sepsis-survivor rats. Neurotox Res 2014; 26:382-91. [PMID: 24824533 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-014-9475-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies have consistently reported the participation of oxidative stress, energetic metabolism impairment, and creatine kinase (CK) activity alterations in rat brain in early times in an animal model of sepsis and persist for up to 10 days. We have assessed the antioxidant effects of administration of Ebselen (Eb) e diphenyl diselenide (PhSe)2 two organoselenium compounds on brain oxidative stress, energetic metabolism, and CK activity 12, 24 h, and 10 days after sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP) in rats. Male Wistar rats underwent either sham operation or CLP and were treated with oral injection of Eb (50 mg/kg) or (PhSe)2 (50 mg/kg) or vehicle. 12, 24 h, and 10 days after CLP, the rats were sacrificed, and samples from brain (hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and cortex) were obtained and assayed for thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonyls formation, mitochondrial respiratory chain, and CK activity. We observed in the results a reduction of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins in the different cerebral structures studied and times with the administration of (PhSe)2; however, Eb seems to exert the same effect. Such changes are reflected in the assessment of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes by reversing the decreased activity of the complex caused by the model of CLP and CK activity. Our data provide the first experimental demonstration that (PhSe)2 was able to reduce the brain dysfunction associated with CLP-induced sepsis in rats, by decreasing oxidative stress parameters mitochondrial dysfunction and CK activity in early times and in late time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Silvestre
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Clinical and Experimental Pathophysiology Laboratory - FICEXP, Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão, SC, 88704-900, Brazil
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Tomášová L, Hvizdošová N, Boleková A, Šmajda B, Kluchová D. Vitamin A and amygdala: functional and morphological consequences. Neurol Sci 2014; 35:1585-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1802-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Dal-Pizzol F, Rojas HA, dos Santos EM, Vuolo F, Constantino L, Feier G, Pasquali M, Comim CM, Petronilho F, Gelain DP, Quevedo J, Moreira JCF, Ritter C. Matrix metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 activities are associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction in an animal model of severe sepsis. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 48:62-70. [PMID: 23479197 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8433-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
There is no description on the mechanisms associated with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption during sepsis development. Thus, we here determined changes in permeability of the BBB in an animal model of severe sepsis and the role of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in the dysfunction of the BBB. Sepsis was induced in Wistar rats by cecal ligation and perforation. BBB permeability was assessed using the Evans blue dye method. The content of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the cerebral microvessels was determined by western blot. The activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was determined using zymography. An inhibitor of MMP-2 and MMP-9 or specific inhibitors of MMP-2 or MMP-9 were administered to define the role of MMPs on BBB permeability, brain inflammatory response, and sepsis-induced cognitive alterations. The increase of BBB permeability is time-related to the increase of MMP-9 and MMP-2 in the microvessels, both in cortex and hippocampus. Using an MMP-2 and MMP-9 inhibitor, or specific MMP-2 or MMP-9 inhibitors, the increase in the permeability of the BBB was reversed. This was associated with lower brain levels of interleukin (IL)-6 and lower oxidative damage. In contrast, only the inhibition of both MMP-9 and MMP-2 was able to improve acute cognitive alterations associated with sepsis. In conclusion, MMP-2 and MMP-9 activation seems to be a major step in BBB dysfunction, but BBB dysfunction seems not to be associated with acute cognitive dysfunction during sepsis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Dal-Pizzol
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental and Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, 88806-000, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
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Abstract
Late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia among older adults, yet more than a century of research has not determined why this disease develops. One prevailing hypothesis is that late-onset AD is caused by infectious pathogens, an idea widely studied in both humans and experimental animal models. This review examines the infectious AD etiology hypothesis and summarizes existing evidence associating infectious agents with AD in humans. The various mechanisms through which different clinical and subclinical infections could cause or promote the progression of AD are considered, as is the concordance between putative infectious agents and the epidemiology of AD. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCO databases for research articles pertaining to infections and AD and systematically reviewed the evidence linking specific infectious pathogens to AD. The evidence compiled from the literature linking AD to an infectious cause is inconclusive, but the amount of evidence suggestive of an association is too substantial to ignore. Epidemiologic, clinical, and basic science studies that could improve on current understanding of the associations between AD and infections and possibly uncover ways to control this highly prevalent and debilitating disease are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Wallace
- Correspondence to Dr. Robert Wallace, Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 105 River St. Iowa City, IA 52242 (e-mail: )
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Coelho CW, Jannig PR, Souza ABD, Fronza H, Westphal GA, Petronilho F, Constantino L, Dal-Pizzol F, Ferreira GK, Streck EE, Silva E. Exercise training prevents skeletal muscle damage in an experimental sepsis model. Clinics (Sao Paulo) 2013; 68:107-14. [PMID: 23420166 PMCID: PMC3552448 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2013(01)oa17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Accepted: 09/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Oxidative stress plays an important role in skeletal muscle damage in sepsis. Aerobic exercise can decrease oxidative stress and enhance antioxidant defenses. Therefore, it was hypothesized that aerobic exercise training before a sepsis stimulus could attenuate skeletal muscle damage by modulating oxidative stress. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of aerobic physical preconditioning on the different mechanisms that are involved in sepsis-induced myopathy. METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to either the untrained or trained group. The exercise training protocol consisted of an eight-week treadmill program. After the training protocol, the animals from both groups were randomly assigned to either a sham group or a cecal ligation and perforation surgery group. Thus, the groups were as follows: sham, cecal ligation and perforation, sham trained, and cecal ligation and perforation trained. Five days after surgery, the animals were euthanized and their soleus and plantaris muscles were harvested. Fiber cross-sectional area, creatine kinase, thiobarbituric acid reactive species, carbonyl, catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were measured. RESULTS The fiber cross-sectional area was smaller, and the creatine kinase, thiobarbituric acid reactive species and carbonyl levels were higher in both muscles in the cecal ligation and perforation group than in the sham and cecal ligation and perforation trained groups. The muscle superoxide dismutase activity was higher in the cecal ligation and perforation trained group than in the sham and cecal ligation and perforation groups. The muscle catalase activity was lower in the cecal ligation and perforation group than in the sham group. CONCLUSION In summary, aerobic physical preconditioning prevents atrophy, lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation and improves superoxide dismutase activity in the skeletal muscles of septic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Werlang Coelho
- Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Anesthesiology Strict Sensus Post Graduation Program of the Medical School, São Paulo/SP, Brazil
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Yokoo H, Chiba S, Tomita K, Takashina M, Sagara H, Yagisita S, Takano Y, Hattori Y. Neurodegenerative evidence in mice brains with cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis: preventive effect of the free radical scavenger edaravone. PLoS One 2012; 7:e51539. [PMID: 23236515 PMCID: PMC3517559 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a major clinical challenge and septic encephalopathy is its nasty complication. The pathogenesis and underlying mechanisms of septic encephalopathy are not well understood. This study sought to fully characterize sepsis-associated biochemical and histopathological changes in brains of mice after cecal ligation and puncture, regarded as a highly clinically relevant animal model of polymicrobial sepsis. Real-time PCR analysis showed that gene expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β, were significantly up-regulated in brain tissues from septic mice, but to a much lesser extent when compared with those in peripheral tissues such as lungs. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability was significantly increased in septic mice, as determined by the measurement of sodium fluorescein and Evans blue content. Sepsis resulted in increases in NADPH oxidase activity and expression of p47phox and p67phox and up-regulation of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase in brains, indicating that superoxide, produced by NADPH oxidase, reacts with NO to form peroxynitrite, that maybe lead to the loss of BBB integrity. Light and electron microscopic examination of septic mouse brain showed serious neuronal degeneration, as indicated by hyperchromatic, shrunken, pyknotic, and electron-dense neurons. These histopathogical changes were prevented by treatment with the free radical scavenger edaravone. Together, these results suggest that sepsis can lead to rapid neurodegenerative changes in brains via free radical species production and possibly subsequent injury to the BBB. We may also provide a potentially useful therapeutic tool for treating septic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yokoo
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Petronilho F, Périco SR, Vuolo F, Mina F, Constantino L, Comim CM, Quevedo J, Souza DO, Dal-Pizzol F. Protective effects of guanosine against sepsis-induced damage in rat brain and cognitive impairment. Brain Behav Immun 2012; 26:904-10. [PMID: 22497789 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cognitive impairment in sepsis is associated with neurotoxic effects caused by oxidative stress. We have assessed the effects of acute and extended administration of guanosine (GUA) on brain oxidative stress parameters and cognitive impairment in rats submitted to sepsis by cecal ligation and perforation (CLP). To achieve this goal, male Wistar rats underwent either sham operation or CLP with GUA. Rats subjected to CLP were treated with intraperitoneal injection of GUA (8 mg/kg after CLP) or vehicle. Twelve and 24 h after CLP, the rats were sacrificed, and samples from brain (hippocampus, striatum, cerebellum, prefrontal cortex and cortex) were obtained and assayed for thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) formation and protein carbonyls. On the 10th day, another group of rats was submitted to the behavioral tasks. GUA administration reduced TBARS and carbonyl levels in some brain regions between 12 and 24 h after CLP, and ameliorated cognitive impairment evaluated 10 days after CLP. Our data provide the first experimental demonstration that GUA was able to reduce the consequences of CLP-induced sepsis in rats, by decreasing oxidative stress parameters in the brain and recovering the memory impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabricia Petronilho
- Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Experimental e Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Translacional em Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil
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Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although its impact is well investigated and has been studied clinically in chronic pancreatitis, it is less well defined for acute pancreatitis. RECENT ADVANCES Pathophysiological aspects of oxidative stress in acute pancreatitis have shown that reactive oxidative species (ROS) participate in the inflammatory cascade, and mediate inflammatory cell adhesion and consecutive tissue damage. Furthermore, ROS are involved in the generation of pain as another important clinical feature of patients suffering from acute pancreatitis. CRITICAL ISSUES Despite sufficient basic and experimental knowledge and evidence, the step from bench to bedside has not been successfully performed. Only a limited number of clinical studies are available that can give convincing evidence for the use of antioxidants in the clinical setting of acute pancreatitis. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Future studies are required to evaluate potential benefits of antioxidative substances to attenuate the severity of acute pancreatitis. Special focus should be put on the aspect of pain generation and the progression from mild to severe acute pancreatitis in the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilo Hackert
- Department of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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Fraga DB, Deroza PF, Ghedim FV, Steckert AV, De Luca RD, Silverio A, Cipriano AL, Leffa DD, Borges GD, Quevedo J, Pinho RA, Andrade VM, Dal-Pizzol F, Zugno AI. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke causes persistent changes in the oxidative balance and in DNA structural integrity in rats submitted to the animal model of schizophrenia. J Psychiatr Res 2011; 45:1497-503. [PMID: 21733528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have indicated that prenatal exposure to environmental insults can bring an increased risk of schizophrenia. The objective of our study was to determine biochemical parameters in rats exposed to cigarette smoke (CS) in the prenatal period, evaluated in adult offspring submitted to animal model of schizophrenia induced by acute subanaesthetic doses of ketamine (5 mg/kg, 15 mg/kg and 25 mg/kg). Pregnant female Wistar rats were exposed to 12 commercially filtered cigarettes per day, daily for a period of 28 days. We evaluated the oxidative damage in lipid and protein in the rat brain, and DNA damage in the peripheral blood of male adult offspring rats. To determine oxidative damage in the lipids, we measured the formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and the oxidative damage to the proteins was assessed by the determination of carbonyl groups content. We also evaluated DNA damage using single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Our results showed that rats exposed to CS in the prenatal period presented a significant increase of the lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and DNA damage in adult age. We can observe that the animals submitted at acute doses of ketamine also presented an increase of the lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation at different doses and structures. Finally, we suggest that exposure to CS during the prenatal period affects two essential cerebral processes during development: redox regulation and DNA integrity, evaluated in adult offspring. These effects can leads to several neurochemical changes similar to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.
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Hossain M, Mazzone P, Tierney W, Cucullo L. In vitro assessment of tobacco smoke toxicity at the BBB: do antioxidant supplements have a protective role? BMC Neurosci 2011; 12:92. [PMID: 21943155 PMCID: PMC3196733 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-12-92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2011] [Accepted: 09/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoke (TS) contains highly reactive oxygen species (such as hydrogen peroxide, peroxynitrite, etc), which cause oxidative damage in vascular tissue and may exacerbate inflammatory events leading to the blood-brain barrier damage (BBBD) which accompanies the development of a variety of neurological disorders. Smokers often have elevated leukocyte counts (primarily neutrophils and monocytes), and significant decreases in plasma alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) and ascorbic acid (vitamin C) levels due to increased anti-oxidative mobilization in response to oxidative stress evoked by TS. For this purpose, using static culture systems and a well-established dynamic in vitro BBB model (DIV-BBB) we tested the hypothesis that antioxidant vitamin supplementation (E and/or C) can protect the BBB during exposure to whole soluble TS. RESULTS TS exacerbates inflammatory events and leads to endothelial overexpression of vascular adhesion molecules (VCAM-1, P-selectin and E-selectin), release of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO), release and activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9), monocytic maturation into macrophages, and adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Furthermore, TS altered the normal glucose metabolic behaviour of in vitro BBB capillaries and caused a period of transient anaerobic respiration to meet the cellular bioenergetic demand. Pre-treatment with antioxidant vitamins (C and/or E) effectively reduced the pro-inflammatory activity associated with TS, protecting the viability and functions of the BBB. CONCLUSION Our results have shown that loss of endothelial viability as well as BBB function and integrity caused by TS exposure can be prevented or at least reduced by normal physiologic concentrations of antioxidant vitamins in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Hossain
- Cerebrovascular Research, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA
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Alirezaei M, Jelodar G, Niknam P, Ghayemi Z, Nazifi S. Betaine prevents ethanol-induced oxidative stress and reduces total homocysteine in the rat cerebellum. J Physiol Biochem 2011; 67:605-12. [PMID: 21698419 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-011-0107-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a hypothesis for the association of reactive oxygen species with cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, we examined whether oral betaine can act as a preventive agent in ethanol-induced oxidative stress on the cerebellum of rats. Thirty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups (control, ethanol, betaine, and betaine plus ethanol) with different dietary regimens and were followed up for 1 month. Total homocysteine (tHcy) of plasma and cerebellum homogenate was determined by an Axis(®) homocysteine EIA kit, and antioxidant enzyme (glutathione peroxidase (GPx), SOD, and CAT) activities of cerebellum homogenate were measured chemically by a spectrophotometer. Lipid peroxidation of cerebellum was shown by the measurement of thiobarbituric reactive substances (TBARS) via a spectrophotometer. Ethanol-induced hyperhomocysteinemia was manifested by an increase in the concentrations of tHcy in the plasma and cerebellum homogenates of the ethanol group, while ethanol-induced oxidative stress was indicated via an increase in lipid peroxidation marker (TBARS) in cerebellum homogenates of ethanol-treated rats. In contrast, betaine prevented hyperhomocysteinemia and oxidative stress in the betaine plus ethanol group as well as the betaine group. The results of the present investigation indicated that the protective effect of betaine is probably related to its ability to strengthen the cerebellum membrane cells by enhancement of antioxidant enzyme activity principally GPx, while the methyl donor effect of betaine to reduce hyperhomocysteinemia has been explained previously and confirmed in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Alirezaei
- Division of Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Lorestan University, P. O. Box 465, Khorram Abad, Iran.
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Checinski A, Polito A, Siami S, Sharshar T. Des pathologies encéphaliques à connaître — L'encéphalopathie associée au sepsis et ses diagnostics différentiels. Réanimation 2011; 20:386-392. [DOI: 10.1007/s13546-010-0118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schnorr CE, da Silva Morrone M, Simões-pires A, da Rocha RF, Behr GA, Moreira JCF. Vitamin A supplementation in rats under pregnancy and nursing induces behavioral changes and oxidative stress upon striatum and hippocampus of dams and their offspring. Brain Res 2011; 1369:60-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2010.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 10/31/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Comim CM, Cassol-Jr OJ, Constantino LS, Felisberto F, Petronilho F, Rezin GT, Scaini G, Daufenbach JF, Streck EL, Quevedo J, Dal-Pizzol F. Alterations in Inflammatory Mediators, Oxidative Stress Parameters and Energetic Metabolism in the Brain of Sepsis Survivor Rats. Neurochem Res 2010; 36:304-11. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-010-0320-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2010] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Abstract
Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is defined as a diffuse cerebral dysfunction resulting from the systemic inflammatory response to an infection without direct infestation of the CNS. Although the pathophysiology of SAE is as yet unknown, some mechanisms have been suggested that involve BBB disruption as a consequence of proinflammatory mediators’ effects on endothelial cells. This leads to an increased passage of neurotoxic and proinflammatory mediators into the brain parenchyma, as well as an impairment of the movements of oxygen and metabolites through the BBB. Both neurons and glial cells are affected, resulting in neural functioning and neurotransmission impairment. The clinical translation of this process is an alteration of consciousness and awareness. SAE is a frequent condition in septic patients. Despite being considered reversible, SAE appears to be associated with long-term cognitive impairment. Detection and diagnosis can be challenging; it requires daily neurological assessment with the assistance of clinical scores. Use of biomarkers and neurophysiological testing is discussed. The aim of this article is to provide practical tools for detection of SAE, as well as an updated overview of its pathophysiology and therapeutic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Checinski
- General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Andrea Polito
- General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Diane Friedman
- General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
| | - Shidasp Siami
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital of Sud Essonne, Etampes, France
| | - Djillali Annane
- General Intensive Care Unit, Raymond Poincaré Teaching Hospital (AP-HP), University of Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines 104, Boulevard Raymond Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France
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Cassol OJ, Rezin GT, Petronilho FC, Scaini G, Gonçalves CL, Ferreira GK, Roesler R, Schwartsmann G, Dal-pizzol F, Streck EL. Effects of N-Acetylcysteine/Deferoxamine, Taurine and RC-3095 on Respiratory Chain Complexes and Creatine Kinase Activities in Rat Brain After Sepsis. Neurochem Res 2010; 35:515-21. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-009-0089-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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